内容正文:
Unit5 The human brain
Grammar :
Adverbial clauses (Ⅱ)
条件状语从句
1
条件状语从句
Grammar
定义
条件状语从句是在复合句中作条件状语的句子。
表示假如有从句的动作发生就会有主句的动作发生,条件状语从句常由从属连词if引导。
如何区分主从句
practice
2
_ you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙, 他会帮你的。
Grammar
主句
从句
If
Which one is conditional adverbial clause?
practice
3
__you fail in the exam, you will let him down.
如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。
主句
从句
If
Which one is conditional adverbial clause?
practice
4
it rains,the game will be played.除非下雨,比赛将照常进行。
Practice
( )
( )
从句
主句
I will come to see you I have time.如果我有空就会来看你。
( )
( )
主句
从句
Unless
if
the rain stops,I shall go out for a walk.雨一停,我就
会出去散步。
As soon as
( )
( )
从句
主句
判断下列那部分是主句?哪部分是从句?
practice
5
典型例句
You will get good grades if you study hard.
条件状语从句分为“真实条件句”和“非真实条件句”
初中阶段我们主要学习“真实条件句”的用法
条件状语从句的连接词
if
如果,假如
unless
除非,如果不
unless = if … not
注意:当某种条件引起的结果是一种情绪或想法时,不能用unless 只能用 if … not
比如:If I was not invited to the party , I will be very angry.
易错点1
“主将从现”:条件状语从句要用一般现在时态表示将来的动作。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go to the park.
如果明天不下雨的话,我们就去公园。
(从现)
(主将)
条件状语从句的时态
易错点1
“主情从现”:条件状语从句中的主句可能是情态动词(can, may, might, must, should) + 动词原形的形式。
If you want to pass the exam, you must study hard.
如果你想考试及格,你就必须努力学习。
(从现)
(主情)
条件状语从句的时态
易错点1
“主祈从现”:条件状语从句中的主句可能是祈使句。
If you see him, please give him this note.
如果你看见他,把这个纸条给他。
(从现)
(主祈)
条件状语从句的时态
易错点2
意为“如果” 意为“是否”,= whether
引导条件状语从句。 引导宾语从句。
遵循“主将从现”“主情从现”
“主祈从现”原则。 无此用法。
If you wants to see him, you can tell him to wait.
如果你想见他的话,叫他等好了。 I wonder if I should wear a hat.
我不知道是否应该戴帽子。
if 的用法对比
【典例1】用动词的正确形式填空。
1. If she ____ (be) kind to me , I __________(not argue) with her.
2. I want to know if he ________(come) tomorrow, if he _________(come), I __________(give) the massage to him.
is
won’t argue
will come
comes
will give
条件状语从句典型例题
【典例2】—Lucy, what about going camping if it ______ tomorrow?
—Sounds great!
A. didn’t rain B. doesn’t rain
C. rains D. won’t rain
条件状语从句典型例题
【典例3】If there ______ no buying and selling of animals,
there ______ no killing in nature.
A. is; will be B. will be; will be
C. is; is D. will be; is
条件状语从句典型例题
Using
1.You will feel happy at school ________ you get on well with your classmates.
A.though B.because C.unless D.if
2.________ you work hard, you’ll get good grades.
A.As long as B.So C.As D.When
3.— I always feel unhappy. Can you help me?
—_______ you relax yourself, you will find many happy things around you.
A.As far as B.As well as C.A good as D.As long as
4.Some people think they may talk to others _________ they have problems.
A.though B.so C.if D.until
5.—If Nick ________ home too late, he ________ his favourite cartoon.
—I think so.
A.gets; misses B.gets; will miss C.will get; misses D.will get; will miss
6.Talk to your teacher and you will get help ________ you have a problem.
A.unless B.if C.until D.before
7.You ________ get a toothache if you ________ brush your teeth every day.
A.will; don’t B.will; won’t C./; don’t D.won’t; don’t
8.________ you use your dictionary often, your spelling will improve.
A.Whether B.If C.Though D.Unless
9.If you ________ a glass, it ________.
A.will drop; will break B.drop; will break
C.drop; breaks D.will drop; breaks
10.—We’ll make our dreams come true ________ we keep (坚持) trying.
—I agree with you.
A.as long as B.although C.because of D.but
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Keys
1.D
【详解】句意:如果你和同学相处融洽,你在学校会感到快乐。
考查连词辨析。though尽管,虽然;because因为;unless除非;if如果。分析句子可知,后句是前句的肯定条件,需用if“如果”,引导条件状语从句,故选D。
2.A
【详解】句意:只要你努力学习,你会取得好成绩的。
考查连词辨析。As long as只要;So所以;As当……时;When当……时。根据语境可知,此处表示在满足某些条件的情况下,某事就会发生,所以A项符合。故选A。
3.D
【详解】句意:——我总是感觉不开心。你能帮助我吗?——只要你放松自己,你就会发现身边很多开心的事情。
考查as long as引导的条件状语从句。as far as就……而言;as well as以及;as good as几乎;as long as只要。根据“...you relax yourself, you will find many happy things around you”可知,前句是后句的条件,用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选D。
4.C
【详解】句意:有些人认为,如果他们有问题,他们可能会与他人交谈。
考查连词辨析。though尽管;so所以;if如果;until直到。根据“Some people think they may talk to others...they have problems.”可知前后是条件关系,表示“如果他们有问题,可能会与他人交谈”,故选C。
5.B
【详解】句意:——如果尼克回家太晚,他会错过他最喜欢的动画片。——我也这么想。
考查if引导的条件状语从句。根据“If Nick…home too late, he…his favourite cartoon.”可知,此处是if引导的条件状语从句,应该遵循“主将从现”的原则。if引导的从句部分为一般现在时,主语Nick为第三人称单数,谓语动词用其三单式gets;主句部分为一般将来时will do。故选B。
6.B
【详解】句意:如果你有问题,和老师谈谈,你会得到帮助的。
考查从属连词辨析。unless除非;if如果;until直到;before在……之前。 根据“you have a problem”可知,此处表示“如果有问题的话”,用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。
7.A
【详解】句意:如果你不每天刷牙,你会牙痛的。
考查条件状语从句。根据“You...get a toothache if you...brush your teeth every day.”可知,本句是if引导的条件状语从句,意为“如果不每天刷牙,就会牙痛”。在 if引导的条件状语中,遵循“主将从现”的原则;主句“会牙痛”应用一般将来时形式will get a toothache;从句“不刷牙”应用一般现在时形式,因主语为you,应用don’t作助动词。故选A。
8.B
【详解】句意:如果你经常使用字典,你的拼写能力就会提高。
考查连词辨析。Whether是否;If如果;Though尽管;Unless除非。分析题干可知,经常使用字典是拼写能力提高的条件,结合选项,应用If引导此条件状语从句。故选B。
9.C
【详解】句意:如果你使玻璃杯落地,它就会碎。
考查条件状语从句。根据“If you…a glass, it…”可知,if引导的条件状语从句,如果谈论的是必然发生的事,主从句都用一般现在时。故选C。
10.A
【详解】句意:——只要我们继续努力,我们就会实现梦想。——我同意你的看法。
考查连词辨析。as long as只要;although尽管;because of因为;but但是。根据“We’ll make our dreams come true ... we keep (坚持) trying”可知,坚持努力和尝试实现梦想的条件,所以这里用as long as“只要”来引导条件状语从句。故选A。
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Using
11.—How difficult math is! I really want to drop (放弃) it!
—________ you come on, you will do it better.
A.While B.As soon as C.Though D.As long as
12.—Where will you go at the weekend?
—We will go hiking ________ the weather is fine.
A.as long as B.in fact C.so that D.if not
13.Nothing is impossible ________ you put your heart into it.
A.as much as B.as many as C.as far as D.as long as
14.—How difficult physics (物理) is! I really want to drop it!
—________ you try your best, you will make progress.
A.As long as B.As soon as C.As well as D.As far as
15.Our president Xi always says, “Everyone can get happiness and our dream can come true ________ you always follow your heart.”
A.as soon as B.so that C.as well as D.as long as
16.________ you work hard, I’ll buy a new computer for you.
A.As short as B.As big as C.As long as D.As well as
17.We’ll make our dreams come true one day________ we keep trying and never give up.
A.as long as B.but C.and D.so that
18.You can never know what’s possible ______ you try to make it happen.
A.as soon as B.but C.unless D.what
19.In summer, food goes bad easily ________ it is put in the refrigerator.
A.until B.if C.unless D.since
20.—Shall we go for a picnic this Saturday?
—All right. ________ it rains.
A.If B.When C.Unless D.Until
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Keys
11.D
【详解】句意:——数学真难啊!我真的想要放弃它。——只要你努力,你就会把它学好。
考查as long as引导的条件状语从句。While当……的时候;As soon as一……就……;Though虽然;As long as只要。根据空后的“you come on, you will do it better.”可知,应该是只要你努力,你就会把它学好。故选D。
12.A
【详解】句意:——你周末要去哪里?——只要天气好,我们会去徒步旅行。
考查连词。as long as只要;in fact事实上;so that以便;if not要不,不然。根据语境可知,去徒步旅行的前提条件是好天气,符合条件的连词是as long as。故选A。
13.D
【详解】句意:只要你用心去做,没有什么是不可能的。
考查条件状语从句。as much as像……一样多;as many as尽可能多;as far as就……而言;as long as只要。根据“Nothing is impossible…you put your heart into it.”并结合语境分析,前后句是条件关系,使用as long as引导条件状语从句,故选D。
14.A
【详解】句意:——物理太难了!我真的想放弃!——只要你尽力,你就会进步。
考查连词。As long as只要;As soon as一……就……;As well as以及,还;As far as就……而言。根据“you try your best, you will make progress.”可知是指只要你尽力,你就会进步。故选A。
15.D
【详解】句意:我们的习主席总是说:“每个人都能得到幸福,我们的梦想也能实现,只要你一直追随自己的内心。”
考查连词。as soon as一……就……;so that以便;as well as和;as long as只要。根据“Everyone can get happiness and our dream can come true...you always follow your heart.”可知,只要你一直追随自己的内心,你就能得到幸福并且实现梦想,因此空处应是as long as,引导条件状语从句。故选D。
16.C
【详解】句意:只要你努力工作,我就会给你买一台新电脑。
考查连词。As short as和……一样矮;As big as和……一样大;As long as只要;As well as和。根据“you work hard, I’ll buy a new computer for you.”可知是指只要你努力工作,我就会给你买一台新电脑。故选C。
17.A
【详解】句意:只要我们坚持尝试,永不放弃,总有一天我们会梦想成真。
考查连词辨析。as long as只要;but但是;and和;so that以至于。根据“We’ll make our dreams come true one day…we keep trying and never give up.”可知,后句是前句的条件,因此此处用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选A。
18.C
【详解】句意:你永远不知道什么是可能的,除非你努力去实现它。
考查连词辨析。as soon as一……就;but但是;unless除非;what什么。根据“You can never know what’s possible...you try to make it happen.”可知,题空前后句之间是条件关系,表示除非努力,否则永远不知道什么是可能的。故选C。
19.C
【详解】句意:在夏天,食物很容易变质,除非放进冰箱。
考查连词辨析。until直到;if如果;unless除非;since自从。“it is put in the refrigerator”是“food goes bad easily”的否定条件,应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。
20.C
【详解】句意:——我们这个星期六去野餐好吗?——好的。除非下雨。
考查从属连词辨析。If如果;When当……时;Unless除非;Until直到。根据“All right...it rains.”可知,回答者同意去野餐,但有一个条件,即除非下雨,否则就会去野餐,所以用unless引导条件状语从句。故选C。
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Using
21.Don’t ask me for help unless you have tried your best.
A.as soon as B.if…don’t C.when D.after
22.—Then what will you do?
—I won’t give up ________ I die.
A.thus B.unless C.if D.therefore
23.—Shall we go for a picnic in the forest park tomorrow?
—Yes, ________ it rains heavily.
A.unless B.if C.as soon as D.until
24.They will lose the game ________ they try their best.
A.since B.unless C.until D.before
25.The milk _________ bad unless you put it in the fridge.
A.doesn’t go B.go C.won’t go D.will go
26.I will not give up __________ I achieve my dream.
A.if B.unless C.but D.because
27.You will forget something very quickly_________ you understand it well.
A.if B.unless C.because D.though
28.I will finish the book ________ I feel tired.
A.if B.unless C.until D.because
29.If you do one thing at a time and stick to your plan, you ________ some day.
A.will succeed B.succeed C.succeeded D.have succeeded
30.________ you try, you will never succeed.
A.Because B.Unless C.If D.When
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Keys
21.B【详解】句意:除非你已经尽力了,否则别向我求助。
考查连词辨析。as soon as 一……就……;if...don’t如果不,除非;when 当……时候;after 在……之后。“Don’t ask me for help”是否定祈使句,“unless”表示“除非”,引导条件状语从句。故选B。
22.B【详解】句意:——那么你会做什么?——除非我死了,否则我不会放弃。
考查连词辨析。thus因此;unless除非;if如果;therefore因此。根据“I won’t give up...I die.”可知,此处为除非我死,否则我不会放弃,应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
23.A【详解】句意:——明天我们去森林公园野餐好吗?——好的,除非下大雨。
考查unless引导条件状语从句。unless除非,引导条件状语从句;if如果,引导条件状语从句;as soon as一……就……;until直到,引导时间状语从句。根据“Yes”可知,同意去,除非下大雨才不去了,用unless表达否定的条件。故选A。
24.B【详解】句意:除非他们尽他们的最大努力,否则他们将会输掉这场比赛。
考查连词辨析。since自从,引导时间状语从句;unless除非,如果不,引导条件状语从句;until直到……才,引导时间状语从句;before在……之前,引导时间状语从句。根据“They will lose the game...they try their best.”可知,此处表示“除非努力,否则……”,应用unless引导条件状语从句,故选B。
25.D
【详解】句意:除非你把牛奶放进冰箱,否则它会变坏。
考查状语从句的时态。unless引导的条件状语从句表示“除非”,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。结合常识,牛奶不放在冰箱里会变坏,故主句需will go。故选D。
26.B
【详解】句意:我不会放弃,除非我实现了我的梦想。
考查连词辨析。if如果;unless除非;but但是;because因为。根据句子可知,后句是前句的否定条件,应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
27.B
【详解】句意:你会很快忘掉一些事情,除非你能很好地理解它。
考查连词辨析。if如果;unless除非;because因为;though尽管。根据句子可知,后半句是前半句的否定条件,表示除非理解得很好,否则会很快忘掉它,应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
28.B
【详解】句意:除非我感到累,否则我会把这本书看完。
考查连词辨析。if如果;unless除非;until直到;because因为。根据“I will finish the book…I feel tired.”可知,此处指否定条件,除非很累,否则会完成,应该用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
29.A
【详解】句意:如果你一次只做一件事,并坚持你的计划,总有一天你会成功。
考查If引导的条件状语从句的时态。if引导的条件状语从句结构,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时,符合“主将从现”原则,故主句需用will succeed。故选A。
30.B
【详解】句意:除非你努力,否则你不会成功。
考查连词辨析。Because因为;Unless除非;If如果;When当……时候。根据“…you try, you will never succeed.”可知,此处指的是“除非你努力”,应该用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
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Using
31.The nurse won’t leave her patients ________ she is sure they are all taken good care of.
A.unless B.because C.before D.if
32.Practice makes perfect. ________ we practice every day, we won’t get good grades in the competition.
A.Unless B.Because C.If D.Although
33.—May I go to Jinbao Park with you next Sunday?
—No, you can’t. ________ you have a ticket, you can go with me.
A.If B.Until C.Unless D.As soon as
34.If it rains tomorrow, you may come next week ________ .
A.too B.instead C.however D.again
35.—Would you like to help me clean the house this weekend?
—I’d like to ________ I finish my homework.
A.before B.though C.if D.unless
36.________ you finish your work earlier, you can go shopping with me.
A.But B.And C.So D.If
37.—Would you like to help me clean the house this weekend?
—I’d like to ________ I finish my homework.
A.before B.though C.if D.so
38.I will go on a trip with my classmates if it ________ tomorrow.
A.won’t rain B.isn’t raining C.didn’t rain D.doesn’t rain
39.If it ________ tomorrow, I won’t go shopping with my mom.
A.rain B.rains C.doesn’t rain D.don’t rain
40.There ________ a sports meet next week if it ________.
A.is going to have; doesn’t rain B.is going to be; doesn’t rain
C.is going to be; won’t rain D.is going to have; won’t rain
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Keys
31.A【详解】句意:句意:那个护士不会离开她的病人,除非她确信他们都被照顾得很好。
考查连词辨析。unless除非;because因为;before在……之前;if如果。根据“The nurse won’t leave her patients…she is sure they are all taken good care of.”可知此处指否定条件,除非照顾好,否则不会离开,应该用unless引导条件状语从句。故选A。
32.A【详解】句意:熟能生巧。除非我们每天练习,否则我们在比赛中不会取得好成绩。
考查从属连词辨析。Unless除非;Because因为;If如果;Although尽管。根据语境可知,此处是除非我们每天练习,否则我们在比赛中不会取得好成绩,句子为条件状语从句,从属连词unless“除非”符合语境。故选A。
33.C【详解】句意:——下星期天我可以和你一起去金宝公园吗?——不,你不能。除非你有票,你才可以和我一起去。
考查从属连词。If如果;Until直到;Unless除非;As soon as一……就。“you have a ticket”是“you can go with me”的否定条件,应使用unless,引导条件状语从句。故选C。
34.B
【详解】句意:如果明天下雨,您可以下周再来。
考查词汇辨析。too也,太;instead代替,而不是;however然而,不过;again再次,又一次。根据“If it rains tomorrow”和“come next week”可知,前提是如果明天下雨就下周来,而不是明天来。故选B。
35.C
【详解】句意:——这周末你想要帮我打扫房子吗?——如果我写完作业,我就帮(你)。
考查条件状语从句。before在……之前;though尽管;if如果;unless除非。根据句意可知,此处表示条件,即如果写完作业,就帮忙,用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。
36.D
【详解】句意:如果你早点完成工作,你可以和我一起去购物。
考查条件状语从句。But但是;And和;So所以;If如果。前句是后句的肯定条件,应用if引导条件状语从句。故选D。
37.C
【详解】句意:——这周末你想要帮我打扫房子吗?——如果我写完作业,我就帮。
考查条件状语从句。before在……之前;though尽管;if如果;so所以。后句是前句的肯定条件,即如果写完作业,就帮忙,用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。
38.D
【详解】句意:如果明天不下雨,我将和同学们一起去旅行。
考查时态。根据“If it…tomorrow”可知,句子是if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。从句主语it为第三人称单数,谓语动词用doesn’t rain。故选D。
39.B
【详解】句意:如果明天下雨,我就不跟妈妈去购物了。
考查主谓一致。由“If it…tomorrow, I won’t go shopping with my mom”可知,此处表示如果明天下雨,我就不和妈妈去购物了,it作主语,动词用第三人称单数。故选B。
40.B
【详解】句意:如果不下雨,下周我们将有运动会。
考查there be句型及时态。there be句型的将来时是“There is going to be”,可排除AD项;本句包括if引导的条件状语从句,主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时,即“主将从现”。故选B。
22
see you again
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