精品解析：湖北省武汉市第四中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

武汉四中2024～2025学年上学期高二10月月考 英语试卷 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do next? A. Turn off the TV. B. Study with the woman. C. Watch a movie. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How old is the woman now? A. 20 years old. B. 45 years old. C. 65 years old. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is small for the woman? A. The T-shirt. B. The hat. C. The skirt. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man mean? A. The film is terrible. B. The film can be seen online. C. The film is worth the money. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At home. B. At a hospital. C. At a drug store. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the man like about his hometown? A. It’s really very small. B. It has colorful nightlife. C. It’s not expensive to live there. 7. What is the weather like in the fall in the man’s hometown? A. Sunny. B. Cold. C. Wet. 【答案】6. B 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Where in Canada are you from, Ken? M: I’m from Toronto. W: Oh, I’ve never been there. What’s it like? M: It’s a big city, but it’s not too big. The nightlife is colorful. I enjoy it. W: Is it expensive there? M: Yeah, a little bit. W: And what’s the weather like in Toronto? M: Well, it’s pretty cold in the winter, and very hot and wet in the summer. It’s nice in the spring and fall, though. You can always see the clear sky then. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What time was the plane originally scheduled to leave? A. At 3:00. B. At 4:00. C. At 5:00. 9. Why is the woman worried? A. The weather is bad. B. The report is not finished. C. An appointment will be delayed. 【答案】8. A 9. C 【解析】 【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Why does the man’s brother go to the man’s place? A. To study. B. To work. C. To travel. 11. Where does the man work in the morning? A. At a university. B. At a restaurant. C. At a bookstore. 12. What language is the woman starting? A. French. B. Spanish. C. Japanese. 【答案】10. C 11. B 12. C 【解析】 【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. What job to do in the future. B. Which professor to follow. C. What abilities to possess. 14. What subject does the man probably prefer? A. History. B. Politics. C. Art. 15. What do the woman’s parents expect her to be? A. A restaurant manager. B. A politician. C. A teacher. 16. What is the woman good at doing? A. Dealing with people. B. Working with kids. C. Painting pictures. 【答案】13. A 14. C 15. A 16. B 【解析】 【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How did the servants deal with their earnings in Victorian times? A. They paid for the housing. B. They bought food and clothes. C. They sent them to their families. 18. What was a nurse’s main duty? A. Cooking meals. B. Looking after children. C. Educating children. 19. How did the Victorian upper class parents treat their children actually? A. Cruelly. B. Kindly. C. Strictly. 20. What will the speaker talk about next? A. Lower class families. B. Upper class children’s situation. C. Comparisons between upper and lower classes. 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。 第二部分 阅 读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Peer ( 同伴 ) Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning programme available to students enrolled ( 注册 ) in most core units of study in our business school. PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle specially prepared problem sets, based around a unit of study you’re enrolled in. PASS doesn’t re-teach or deliver new content. It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems. You work interactively with your peers. As a peer group, you decide what is covered in each session. That way, PASS directly responds to your needs and feedback. Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am, 21 September 2022. Waiting lists If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list. We will email you if a place becomes available or if a new session is to be held. When you are placed on a waiting list, we will email you a number which tells you where you are on the list. If you are close to the front of the list, you have a good chance of gaining a place in the programme in the near future. Deregistering If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list. Make sure you fill in the attendance sheet at each session to record your attendance. You’ll be informed by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions. If you believe you have received the email in error, email the PASS office at passoffice@umbs. edu.. 21. In PASS, students ________. A attend new lectures B. decide their own schedules C. prepare problem sets in groups D. use their skills to solve problems 22. What can students do if a session is full? A. Fill in the attendance sheet. B. Sign up for the waiting list. C. Report their needs and feedback. D. Email the office their numbers on the list. 23. Students will be deregistered if ________. A. they send emails in error B. they fail to work interactively C. they give their places to others D. they miss two sessions in a row 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.（这是一个机会，在你运用技能解决问题的同时，加深你对课堂材料关键点的理解。）”可知，在同伴辅助学习课程中，学生运用技能解决问题。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Waiting lists部分“If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list.（如果课程满员，您可以注册等待列表。）”可知，如果某一课程满员，可以注册等待列表。故选B。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Deregistering部分“If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list.（如果您连续错过两次课程，您将被取消注册，你的位置将分配给等待名单上的某个人。）”可知，如果学生连续错过两次课程，将被取消注册。故选D。 B When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns. In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless. But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it. Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice. One night, in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I bought some oil paints. Although I have enjoyed breaking my decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going. Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments. 24. How did the author feel about the result of the art exam? A. Scared. B. Worried. C. Discouraged. D. Wronged. 25. In her 30s, the author _________. A. avoided oil painting practice B. sought for a painting career C. fancied abstract painting D. exhibited child paintings 26. Which word would best describe the author’s dream? A. Confusing. B. Empowering. C. Disturbing. D. Entertaining. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Hard work is the mother of success. C. Dreams are the reflections of realities. D. Creative activities involve being confident. 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直喜欢绘画，但中学时由于油画测试成绩较低，作者对绘画失去了信心。在40岁出头时，一个梦让作者重拾画油画的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless.(我觉得很难，但仍希望能通过测试。我没有通过，而且成绩很低。我过于自信了。现在，我被宣布为毫无(油画)天赋的人了)”并结合下文中作者多年不碰油画的经历可推知，作者对美术考试的结果感到气馁。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art.(在我30多岁时，我结交了画家朋友们，学到了看待艺术的新方法)”和“Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice. (虽然这些新朋友是使用油画颜料的抽象画师，或者是版画家或雕塑家，但我把油画作为禁忌的高级形式，不允许我练习)”可知，作者在30多岁时回避练习油画。故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. (这个梦给我的感觉是如此的权威，它震撼了我。它是能量的一种形式，让我回我失去了的东西)”可知，作者的梦赋予作者练习油画的力量。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. (成为一名成功的画家需要有决心。我意识到我总是害怕想要得太多)”及文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者一直喜欢绘画，但中学时由于油画测试成绩较低，作者对绘画失去了信心。在40岁出头时，一个梦让作者重拾画油画的信心并接受了自身局限性的故事。由此可推知，我们能从文章中学到创作活动需要自信，故选D。 C A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.” What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A. To explain the use of a software program. B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 29. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences. 30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning. C. Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words. 31. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Project Debater的软件程序。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Project Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.(尽管Project Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“will no doubt be ironed out(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义，故选B。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。 【点睛】 D The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat. A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. 32. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test? A. Take an examination alone. B. Show respect for the researchers. C Delay eating for fifteen minutes. D. Share their treats with others. 33. According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ________. A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs C. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit D. the rich food supply and our unchanged brains 34. What does the author suggest readers do? A. Absorb new information readily. B. Protect the information environment. C. Use diverse information sources. D. Be selective information consumers. 35. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Eat Less, Read More B. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups C. The Later, the Better D. The Bitter Truth about Early Humans 【答案】32. C 33. D 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了斯坦福棉花糖实验及其对信息化时代成人行为的启示。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. (每个孩子被告知，如果他们在吃这个糖果之前能等待15分钟，他们将得到第二个糖果)”可知，孩子们在米歇尔的测试中要得到第二个奖励，需要“延迟15分钟再吃”糖果。故选C。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat. (但随着我们重塑周围的世界，大幅降低了获取热量的成本和努力，我们仍然拥有几千年前的大脑，这种不匹配正是我们许多人难以抵抗那些明知不该吃却极具诱惑力的食物的原因所在)” 可知，高热量世界和我们不变的大脑之间的不匹配”导致人们难以抗拒诱人的食物。故选D。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.(因此，就像我们需要更加慎重地对待热量摄入一样，我们也需要更加慎重地对待信息摄入，抵制精神上的“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间)”可知，作者建议我们在信息使用上要有选择性，以有效管理时间。故选D。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，以及第二段“As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. (作为成年人，我们每天都在面对一个版本的棉花糖测试。我们不是被甜食所诱惑，而是被我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑所吸引——这些设备将我们连接到一个全球性的各种信息传递系统，这些信息对我们产生的影响与棉花糖对学龄前儿童的影响相似)”可知，文章通过棉花糖测试引出信息化时代的成年人面临的自控挑战。“成人棉花糖测试”贴近主题，故选B。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____36____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. ____37____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____38____ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in. It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____39____ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____40____ This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness. A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases. 【答案】36. G 37. B 38. D 39. F 40. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。 【36题详解】 根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G项中的other diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。 【37题详解】 根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。 【38题详解】 根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，D项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。 【39题详解】 根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。 【40题详解】 根据空前“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时睡眠。它有助于改善我们的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C项“It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。 第 三 部 分 语 言 运 用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ____41____ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ____42____ me on the train. My ____43____ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ____44____ to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____45____ a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ____46____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ____47____, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ____48____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American ____49____ as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I ____50____ him asking at one point. It would have been easy to ____51____ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ____52____ , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____53____ me just how much one can gain from ____54____ with an open mind, and a willingness to ____55____ with locals from all walks of life. 41. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment 42. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached 43. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost 44. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right 45. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded 46. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 47. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable 48. A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download 49. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students 50. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 51. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 52. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated 53. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised 54. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 55. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命。根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；D. promised承诺。根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获。故选C。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Yingge Dance, a traditional folk art combining dancing, Chinese martial arts, and Chinese opera, is popular in the Chaoshan area of Guangdong province in South China. Yingge, ___56___(write) with the characters for “hero” and “song”, means heroic song in Chinese and Yingge dancers, as their name implies, are the avatars (化身) of ___57___ (hero). The dancers each hold a pair of short sticks and strike the sticks with force ___58___ (create) strong beats — an artistic display of masculinity (男子气概). In 2006, the Puning Yingge Dance ___59___ (list) among the first national intangible cultural heritages in China. However, just as young people move out of the villages, so are local folk arts ___60___(gradual) disappearing all around China. In Puning, Yingge is still danced during holidays such as the Lunar New Year and ___61___ (it) performers are generally amateurs—farmers ___62___ have put down their tools and put on costumes. Some of the parts are passed ___63___ in the family, from father to son, and so far some villages have started giving performers a basic salary. Dressed in colorful clothes and ___64___ (wear) heavy makeup, ordinary villagers have created a song of cultural confidence. The performance, ___65___ must-watch for the local people, graces the village square one more time. 【答案】56. written 57. heroes 58. to create 59. was listed 60. gradually 61. its 62. who##that 63. down##on 64. wearing 65. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了在中国广东省潮汕市受人们欢迎的一种集舞蹈、中国武术、戏曲于一体的传统民间艺术舞蹈——英歌舞。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：英歌，用“英雄”和“歌曲”两个字表达，在汉语中的意思是英雄之歌，英歌舞者顾名思义就是英雄的化身。句中有谓语means，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，动词write和所修饰名词Yingge是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，故填written。 【57题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：英歌，用“英雄”和“歌曲”两个字表达，在汉语中的意思是英雄之歌，英歌舞者顾名思义就是英雄的化身。hero是可数名词，作宾语，前面无冠词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填heroes。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：舞者每人手持一对短棍，用力敲击棍子，创造出强有力的节拍，这是一种男子气概的艺术展示。此处是非谓语动词作状语，表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语，故填to create。 【59题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：2006年，普宁英歌舞被列入中国第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。此处在句中作谓语，描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语the Puning Yingge Dance 和动词list是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词应用was，故填was listed。 【60题详解】 考查副词。句意： 然而，就像年轻人离开农村一样，当地的民间艺术也在逐渐消失。此处应用副词gradually作状语，修饰动词disappearing，故填gradually。 【61题详解】 考查代词。句意：在普宁，人们仍然在农历新年这样的节日里跳英歌舞，而且表演者通常都是业余的——那些已经放下工具、换上服装的农民。此处应用形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词performers，故填its。 【62题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在普宁，人们仍然在农历新年这样的节日里跳英歌舞，而且表演者通常都是业余的——那些已经放下工具、换上服装的农民。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰名词farmers，指人，且关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that引导定语从句，故填who/that。 【63题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：有些地方在家族中传承下来，从父亲传给儿子，到目前为止，一些村庄已经开始给表演者基本工资。此处表示“传递下去”，为短语pass down/on，故填down/on。 【64题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：穿着五颜六色的衣服，化着浓妆，普通的村民们创造了一首充满文化自信的歌曲。此处是非谓语动词作状语，和dressed是并列关系，wear和主语ordinary villagers是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，故填wearing。 【65题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这场表演是当地人民必看节目，再一次为村庄广场增光添彩。此处泛指一场必看的表演，应用不定冠词来修饰，且must-watch发音是以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括: 1. 人物简介； 2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因。 注意: 1. 词数100左右； 2. 短文题目和首句已为你写好。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The person I respect We have a lot of respectable people around us. They may be our teachers, parents or one of our elders. As for me, my father is the person I respect most. My father is a teacher, who loves his work and his students very much. He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work. When I come across the problems of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely. He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students. So, in my mind my father is the person I respect most and I love him deeply. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文。 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。 结构：总分法。 要求： 1.人物简介： 2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。 第二步：列提纲（重点短语） As for me；spare some time；listen to me patiently; 第三步：连词成句 1.As for me, my father is the person I respect mostly. 2.He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work. 3.My father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇 1.表示文章结构顺序：介绍人物；阐述原因 2.表示并列补充关系：As for; and; but; So 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如定语从句：My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much；非谓语动词：He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students；时间状语从句：When I come across the problem of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely…等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文 James Selton was one of the rudest boys in the village where he lived: If a person in the street was well dressed, he would cry out, “Dandy(花花公子)!” If a person’s clothes were dirty or torn, he would throw stones at him, and annoy him in every way. One afternoon, just as the school was over, a stranger passed through the village. His dress was plain and somewhat old, but neat and clean. He carried a walking stick in his hand, on the end of which was a parcel, and he wore a round hat. No sooner had James seen the stranger than he winked to his playmates, and said, “Now for some fun!” He then silently went toward the stranger from behind, knocked off his hat, and ran away. The man turned and saw him, but James was out of hearing before the man could speak. The stranger put on his hat, and went on his way. Again James approached; but this time, the man caught him by the arm, and held him tightly. However, he contented himself with looking James a moment in the face, and then pushed him away. As soon as the naughty boy found himself free again, he began to throw dirt and stones at the stranger. But James was very frightened when the man was struck on the head by a brick and badly hurt. All the boys ran away, and James slipped across the fields to his home. As he drew near the house, his sister Caroline came out to meet him, holding up a beautiful gold chain and some new books for him to see. She told James that their uncle, who had been away several years, had come home, and was now in the house; that he had bought beautiful presents for the whole family; that he had left his carriage at the inn, a mile or two off and walked on foot so as to surprise his brother, their father. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph. 1 She said while he was coming through the village, some wicked boys threw stones at him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph. 2 His uncle went up to him but quickly stepping back he cried, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 She said while he was coming through the village, some wicked boys threw stones at him. He was severely hurt and the wound was just over the eye. Hearing this, James immediately realized that it was he that hurt his uncle. Shameful and frightened, he dared not step into the house. At that time, he heard his father calling him to come in. “What makes you look so pale?” asked Caroline, changing her tone. With palms sweating, he had no choice but to obey. Inside the room sat the stranger, or rather his uncle, with his forehead bound up, talking happily with his father. What a sense of shame did James now feel! Hanging down his head, he approached his uncle. His uncle went up to him but quickly stepping back, he cried, “Oh! It’s you!” But when his uncle saw the puzzled father, he immediately explained that he just met James in the street. In a flash, James learned that his uncle was ready to forgive him. But facing such a kind uncle, he couldn't conceal his guilt. Having confessed what he had done to his uncle, James felt relieved. He never forgot this lesson so long as he lived. It cured him entirely of his low and rude manners. 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了James Selton是他住的村子里最粗鲁的男孩之一，他经常捉弄他人。一天下午，放学时，一个陌生人经过村子，James开始捉弄这个陌生人，用砖块击中陌生人的头部并受重伤。James吓坏了赶紧回家，妹妹告诉他，他们的叔叔离开这里多年，现在回到家里，并给他们全家买了漂亮的礼物。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“她说，当他穿过村子时，一些坏男孩向他扔石头。”可知，第一段可描写叔叔受伤的情况和James的担心和害怕，不敢回家。 ②由第二段首句内容“他的叔叔走到他面前，但很快后退了几步。”可知，第二段可描写James的叔叔认出来他。James向叔叔坦白了自己的一切，如释重负，决定改掉自己的无理和粗鲁。 2.续写线索：意识到——害怕——羞愧——坦白——改正 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.意识到：realize/be aware of/become aware of ②.交谈：talk with/chat with/ have a chat with ③.坦白：confess/acknowledge/admit 情绪类 ①.愉快地：happily /merrily/cheerfully ②.羞愧：shame /disgrace [高分句型1]. Hearing this, James immediately realized that it was he that hurt his uncle.(运用了现在分词作状语、宾语从句和强调句型) [高分句型2]. Inside the room sat the stranger, or rather his uncle, with his forehead bound up, talking happily with his father.(运用了倒装结构，with的复合结构，现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null 武汉四中2024～2025学年上学期高二10月月考 英语试卷 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do next? A. Turn off the TV. B. Study with the woman. C. Watch a movie. 2. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How old is the woman now? A. 20 years old. B. 45 years old. C. 65 years old. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is small for the woman? A. The T-shirt. B. The hat. C. The skirt. 4. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man mean? A. The film is terrible. B. The film can be seen online. C. The film is worth the money. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At home. B. At a hospital. C. At a drug store. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What does the man like about his hometown? A. It’s really very small. B. It has colorful nightlife. C. It’s not expensive to live there. 7. What is the weather like in the fall in the man’s hometown? A. Sunny. B. Cold. C. Wet. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What time was the plane originally scheduled to leave? A. At 3:00. B. At 4:00. C. At 5:00. 9. Why is the woman worried? A. The weather is bad. B. The report is not finished. C. An appointment will be delayed. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Why does the man’s brother go to the man’s place? A. To study. B. To work. C. To travel. 11. Where does the man work in the morning? A. At a university. B. At a restaurant. C. At a bookstore. 12. What language is the woman starting? A. French. B. Spanish. C. Japanese. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. What job to do in the future. B. Which professor to follow. C. What abilities to possess. 14. What subject does the man probably prefer? A. History. B. Politics. C. Art. 15. What do the woman’s parents expect her to be? A. A restaurant manager. B. A politician. C. A teacher. 16. What is the woman good at doing? A. Dealing with people. B. Working with kids. C. Painting pictures. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How did the servants deal with their earnings in Victorian times? A. They paid for the housing. B. They bought food and clothes. C. They sent them to their families. 18. What was a nurse’s main duty? A. Cooking meals. B. Looking after children. C. Educating children. 19. How did the Victorian upper class parents treat their children actually? A. Cruelly. B. Kindly. C. Strictly. 20. What will the speaker talk about next? A. Lower class families. B. Upper class children’s situation. C. Comparisons between upper and lower classes. 第二部分 阅 读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Peer ( 同伴 ) Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning programme available to students enrolled ( 注册 ) in most core units of study in our business school. PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle specially prepared problem sets, based around a unit of study you’re enrolled in. PASS doesn’t re-teach or deliver new content. It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems. You work interactively with your peers. As a peer group you decide what is covered in each session. That way, PASS directly responds to your needs and feedback. Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am, 21 September 2022. Waiting lists If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list. We will email you if a place becomes available or if a new session is to be held. When you are placed on a waiting list, we will email you a number which tells you where you are on the list. If you are close to the front of the list, you have a good chance of gaining a place in the programme in the near future. Deregistering If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list. Make sure you fill in the attendance sheet at each session to record your attendance. You’ll be informed by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions. If you believe you have received the email in error, email the PASS office at passoffice@umbs. edu.. 21. In PASS, students ________. A. attend new lectures B. decide their own schedules C. prepare problem sets in groups D. use their skills to solve problems 22. What can students do if a session is full? A. Fill in the attendance sheet. B. Sign up for the waiting list. C. Report their needs and feedback. D. Email the office their numbers on the list. 23. Students will be deregistered if ________. A. they send emails in error B. they fail to work interactively C. they give their places to others D. they miss two sessions in a row B When I was a little girl, I liked drawing, freely and joyously making marks on the walls at home. In primary school, I learned to write using chalks. Writing seemed to be another form of drawing. I shaped individual letters into repeating lines, which were abstract forms, delightful but meaningless patterns. In secondary school, art was my favourite subject. Since I loved it so much I thought I was good at it. For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting. I found it difficult, but still hoped to pass. I failed, with a low grade. I’d been over-confident. Now I’d been declared talentless. But other channels of creativity stayed open: I went on writing poems and stories. Still, I went to exhibitions often. I continued my habitual drawing, which I now characterised as childish doodling (乱画). In my 30s, I made painter friends and learned new ways of looking at art. However, I couldn’t let myself have a go at actually doing it. Though these new friends were abstract painters using oil paints, or were printmakers or sculptors, I took oil painting as the taboo (禁忌) high form I wasn’t allowed to practice. One night in my early 40s, I dreamed that a big woman in red approached me, handed me a bag of paints, and told me to start painting. The dream felt so authoritative that it shook me. It was a form of energy, giving me back something I’d lost. Accordingly, I started by experimenting with water colours. Finally, I bought some oil paints. Although I have enjoyed breaking my decades-long taboo about working with oil paints, I have discovered I now prefer chalks and ink. I let my line drawings turn into cartoons I send to friends. It all feels free and easy. Un-anxious. This time around, I can accept my limitations but keep going. Becoming a successful painter calls for being resolute. I realised I was always afraid of wanting too much. That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments. 24. How did the author feel about the result of the art exam? A. Scared. B. Worried. C. Discouraged. D. Wronged. 25. In her 30s, the author _________. A. avoided oil painting practice B. sought for a painting career C. fancied abstract painting D. exhibited child paintings 26. Which word would best describe the author’s dream? A. Confusing. B. Empowering. C. Disturbing. D. Entertaining. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Actions speak louder than words. B. Hard work is the mother of success. C. Dreams are the reflections of realities. D. Creative activities involve being confident. C A machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.” What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence. 28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph? A. To explain the use of a software program. B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater. C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater. D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition. 29. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Arguments. B. Doubts. C. Errors. D. Differences. 30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond? A. Create rules. B. Comprehend meaning. C Talk fluently. D. Identify difficult words. 31. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols. B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed. C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters. D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future. D The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success. As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers. We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat. A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively. 32. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test? A. Take an examination alone. B. Show respect for the researchers. C. Delay eating for fifteen minutes. D. Share their treats with others. 33. According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ________. A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs C. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit D. the rich food supply and our unchanged brains 34. What does the author suggest readers do? A. Absorb new information readily. B. Protect the information environment. C. Use diverse information sources. D. Be selective information consumers. 35. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Eat Less, Read More B. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups C. The Later, the Better D. The Bitter Truth about Early Humans 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____36____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. ____37____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____38____ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in. It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____39____ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____40____ This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness. A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases. 第 三 部 分 语 言 运 用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ____41____ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ____42____ me on the train. My ____43____ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ____44____ to practice my Chinese. Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had ____45____ a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ____46____ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most ____47____, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would ____48____ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American ____49____ as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I ____50____ him asking at one point. It would have been easy to ____51____ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, ____52____ , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ____53____ me just how much one can gain from ____54____ with an open mind, and a willingness to ____55____ with locals from all walks of life. 41. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment 42. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached 43. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost 44. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right 45. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded 46. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding 47. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable 48. A. publish B. quote C. сорy D. download 49. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students 50. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch 51. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with 52. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated 53. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised 54. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching 55. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Yingge Dance, a traditional folk art combining dancing, Chinese martial arts, and Chinese opera, is popular in the Chaoshan area of Guangdong province in South China. Yingge, ___56___(write) with the characters for “hero” and “song”, means heroic song in Chinese and Yingge dancers, as their name implies, are the avatars (化身) of ___57___ (hero). The dancers each hold a pair of short sticks and strike the sticks with force ___58___ (create) strong beats — an artistic display of masculinity (男子气概). In 2006, the Puning Yingge Dance ___59___ (list) among the first national intangible cultural heritages in China. However, just as young people move out of the villages, so are local folk arts ___60___(gradual) disappearing all around China. In Puning, Yingge is still danced during holidays such as the Lunar New Year and ___61___ (it) performers are generally amateurs—farmers ___62___ have put down their tools and put on costumes. Some of the parts are passed ___63___ in the family, from father to son, and so far some villages have started giving performers a basic salary. Dressed in colorful clothes and ___64___ (wear) heavy makeup, ordinary villagers have created a song of cultural confidence. The performance, ___65___ must-watch for the local people, graces the village square one more time. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括: 1. 人物简介； 2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因。 注意: 1. 词数100左右； 2. 短文题目和首句已为你写好。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文 James Selton was one of the rudest boys in the village where he lived: If a person in the street was well dressed, he would cry out, “Dandy(花花公子)!” If a person’s clothes were dirty or torn, he would throw stones at him, and annoy him in every way. One afternoon, just as the school was over, a stranger passed through the village. His dress was plain and somewhat old, but neat and clean. He carried a walking stick in his hand, on the end of which was a parcel, and he wore a round hat. No sooner had James seen the stranger than he winked to his playmates, and said, “Now for some fun!” He then silently went toward the stranger from behind, knocked off his hat, and ran away. The man turned and saw him, but James was out of hearing before the man could speak. The stranger put on his hat, and went on his way. Again James approached; but this time, the man caught him by the arm, and held him tightly. However, he contented himself with looking James a moment in the face, and then pushed him away. As soon as the naughty boy found himself free again, he began to throw dirt and stones at the stranger. But James was very frightened when the man was struck on the head by a brick and badly hurt. All the boys ran away, and James slipped across the fields to his home. As he drew near the house, his sister Caroline came out to meet him, holding up a beautiful gold chain and some new books for him to see. She told James that their uncle, who had been away several years, had come home, and was now in the house; that he had bought beautiful presents for the whole family; that he had left his carriage at the inn, a mile or two off and walked on foot so as to surprise his brother, their father. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph. 1 She said while he was coming through the village, some wicked boys threw stones at him. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph. 2 His uncle went up to him but quickly stepping back he cried, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$