Unit 4 A Glimpse of the Future Understanding ideas 导学案-2023-2024学年高二下学期英语外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册

高中英语选修第三册 Unit 4 A glimpse of the future （2024 - 2025学年度上学期） 年 级 高 二 学 科 英 语 编 制 审 核 2024年10月15日 【课 题】 Understanding ideas — Artificial Intelligence: A REAL THREAT? 【学习目标】 （一）语言能力 掌握重点单词和短语，例如 artificial, illegal, immoral, cell, be bound to等； （二）文化意识 学生能够了解更多关于未来与科技发展、认识与探索未来等知识，能与文章一起探索未来科技发展带来的便利以及可能存在的问题。 （三）思维品质 综合运用各种语言技能，读懂与人工智能相关的文学作品，听懂并谈论与时间旅行相关的话题 （四）学习能力 学习三个发帖者的观点，当探讨一个有争议的话题的时候能进行客观思考。 【重点难点】 1.引导学生读懂课文，获取文章的重要信息。 2.引导学生对有争议的话题的进行客观的思考。 导 学 内 容 与 过 程 【情境导入】 Step 1: Lead-in Watch a video about AI to lead in the topic. Step 2 While-reading Fast-reading: 1. What is the text mainly about? A. Self-driving cars. B. The biggest threat. C. Three views on AI in a forum. D. The greatest human achievement. 2. Figure out the structure of the passage. Part I(Para.___~___):Opinions and attitudes from the posts by Millenniumbutterfly Part II(Paras.___~___): Opinions and attitudes from the posts by Popkid Part III (Paras.___~___): Opinions and attitudes from the posts by Pink_haze 3. Read the opinions and match them to the persons. Careful-reading: Read Part 1 and answer below questions: 1. What is the function of the words of Stephen Hawking? A. To introduce the topic. B. To express the purpose. C. To give the background. D. To put forward the question. 2. What did Stephen Hawking mean when he said that AI will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”? ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. What is Millenniumbutterfly’s attitude to AI? A. Negative. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Positive Read Part 2 and answer below questions: 1. According to Popkid, what are the functions of a more advanced form of AI? ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. What is Popkid’s attitude to AI? ____________________________________________________________________________ Read Part 3 and answer below questions: 1. What does the word “it” mean in the sentence “My AI did it!” in the last paragraph? A. The breakdown of AI. B. The biggest leap forward. C. The benefits brought by AI. D. The illegal or immoral behaviour. Step 3 Post-reading Think & Share 1. What did Stephen Hawking mean when he said that AI will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”? 2. Do you use AI in your daily life? What other roles can AI play in people’s lives? <教材原文> Artificial Intelligence: A REAL THREAT? In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking, artificial intelligence will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”. Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear your thoughts on AI. Is it our greatest human achievement so far? Or is it the biggest threat to our existence? Millenniumbutterfly Thanks to AI, I've got my own super-smart personal assistant1 built into my phone. She always has an immediate answer for any question I put to her, and even uses my answers to learn more about my preferences. It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants. In contrast， my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place. Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant． And speaking of hanging out， I'm hoping that self-driving cars are available soon. I've been taking driving lessons for over a year, and still haven't got my licence. Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we do, and can make judgements based on information. And as they won't be susceptible to human error, they'll certainly be a lot safer. The only thing is that there might be a few machine-learning problems when the first cars hit the market， so perhaps I'd better learn to drive first. Still, I do think that developments in AI will on the whole make doing day-to-day things a lot easier. Popkid The technology you're using and enjoying today is a basic form of AI which can't think independently without programming. Of course, it could be very useful to have a more advanced form of AI—a truly independent form of artificial intelligence, capable of exercising its own judgement, could help us solve many of the world's problems. But have you ever thought about the risks? After all, why would an independent form of AI need to consider the opinions and desires of humans? We could be seen as a “small” inconvenience that's in the way of a solution to a bigger problem. If we're lucky, AI might think we're valuable enough to keep around. If not, it might wipe us all out！ Even if that doesn't happen，there are other risks. Millenniumbutterfly, you say how great it would be to have self-driving cars, but what about all the taxi drivers who would lose their jobs? They would just be among the first victims of AI. Nearly every job is potentially2 at risk in the long run. Even journalists are now being replaced with technology that can write basic news reports. As it is, almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years. Pink_haze Machine learning is something we have come to accept as a part of our modern world. I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity3 to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data, which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts． But while super-intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands, it could also be the most dangerous. However, AI is not going to go away. We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate it. One thing I think we all agree on, though, is that saying “My AI did it！” won't be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour! （知识探究） 夯基础词汇全解 1. assistant n．助手，助理 <原文重现> Thanks to AI, I've got my own super-smart personal assistant built into my phone. (教材P39) 多亏了人工智能，我的手机内置了自己的超级智能私人助理。 <归纳拓展> ①assist sb. with sth. 在某方面给某人帮助 ②assist sb. in (doing) sth. 帮助某人做某事 ③assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 ④assist in/with sth. 帮助做某事 ●She is looking for a personal assistant with good organisational skills.她正在找一个有良好组织能力的私人助理。 ●We'll do all we can to assist you.我们会尽全力协助你。 <能力提升> I. 单句语法填空 1.I have such a good command of English that I am elected as ________ (assist) to my English teacher. 2.He asked us to assist him ________ working out the problem. II. 英译汉 1. The teacher will assist you in understanding this difficult concept. ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. The new software is designed to assist users in organizing their tasks more efficiently. ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. potentially adv.潜在地 <原文重现> Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run.(教材P39) 从长远来看，几乎每一份工作都有潜在的风险。 <归纳拓展> ①potential n. 潜在性；可能性；潜力；潜质 adj. 可能的；潜在的 ②potential for... ……的潜力/可能性 ③have/show potential 有潜力/表现出潜力 ● He shows great potential for leadership. 他展现出了很强的领导潜力。 ● This new project has a huge potential for success. 这个新项目有极大的成功潜力。 <能力提升> I. 单句语法填空 1.I must say that I have the potential ________ (work) as an instructor. 2.It's believed that the affair was ________ (potential) harmful to British aviation II. 英译汉 1. She has great potential as a singer. ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. This new technology has the potential to change our lives completely. ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. capacity n．能力，才能；容量；容纳人数 <原文重现> I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data.(教材P39) 我相信人工智能的价值主要在于它分析和解释大量数据的能力。 <能力提升> capable adj. 有能力的；能干的 beyond the capacity of 超出了……的能力 production capacity 生产能力 ●A country's standard of living depends on its capacity to produce wealth. 一个国家的生活水平取于它创造财富的能力。 ●We love our English teacher very much because he is capable of making the class interesting. 我们非常喜欢我们的英语老师，因为他能够将课堂变得有趣。 <能力提升> I. 单句语法填空 1.We conserved resources and the environment to enhance capacity ________ sustainable development. 2.In the wake of developments in science and technology, man has become more capable ________ conquering nature. II. 英译汉 1.She has a great capacity for learning languages. ____________________________________________________________________________。 2. The stadium has a capacity of 50,000 people. ____________________________________________________________________________。 全突破句式剖析 <原文重现> (教材P39)We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate it.我们别无选择，只能接受和规范它。在大多数国家，进入18岁便意味着成年。 <归纳拓展> 句中have no choice but意为“除……外别无选择”, but后接动词不定式to do。 1. I have no choice but to postpone a couple of consumption plan. 我别无选择，只能推迟几个消费计划。 2. When you see their clothing and where and how they live, you can't help but have sympathy. 当你看到他们的衣着、他们生活的地方和生活方式，你会情不自禁地产生同情。 3. The tourists have nothing to do but take pictures of each other. 游客们无事可做，只有相互拍照。 <能力提升> I. 单句语法填空 1.To tell the truth，the teacher didn't make good preparations for his lessons. I had no choice but ________ (prepare) to study by myself. 2.I have no choice but ________ (bother) you to correct my mistakes in the material I attach to the letter. II. 英译汉 1.She has no choice but to stay up late to finish her homework. ____________________________________________________________________________。 2. The company is in a difficult situation and the employees have no choice but to work overtime. ____________________________________________________________________________。 【迁移应用】 （对点训练） 在空白处填入单词的正确形式 1. At present, it is __________ (极其重要的) that we act to stop the destruction of the rain forests. 2. It was a ___________ (奇迹) that the eight-year-old missing boy arrived home safe and sound. 3. In addition to the school, the village has a ________ (诊所), which was also built with the local government support. 4. According to a shocking ____________ (统计数据), the policy has affected health systems, health budgets and the drive to reduce poverty. 5. Combating climate change is an objective not only for us but also for the future of ________ (人类). （达标测试） 课文语法填空 When I saw the tragic scenes on the news, I felt it was my duty 1. ________ (go) there and offer my help. I knew I was putting my life at risk. There are no borders for doctors, patients and anyone 2. ________ (involve) in combating Ebola. My mission was to relieve Emma, 3. ________ talked me through the daily routine and introduced my 4. ________ (colleague). I was the only Chinese doctor among them. I felt a growing sense of 5. ________ (proud), working with persons I met. Although the 6. ________ (die) rate is high, we never gave up on a patient. When a family of six were sent to the clinic, we knew there was little hope for the brothers, but we did everything we could 7. ________ (save) them. We were 8. ________ (amaze) to see both boys were still alive. This unexpected success compensated for many other less 9. ________ (fortune) cases. The tireless work will go on. It is 10. ________ (absolute) essential for us to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity. 【学习小结】 重点短语 1．come ________ 实现 2．________ sale 出售 3．be concerned ________ 担心…… 4．________ contrast 相比之下 5．hang ________ 闲荡 6．be susceptible ________ 受……影响 7．________ the whole 总之 8．________ the long run 从长远来看 9．________ risk 处于危险中 10．lie ________ 在于…… 【课后拓展】 （必备知识） Organise information from the passage and complete the table. （关键能力） Read the passage of the textbook and choose the best answer to each question. 1. From the first two paragraphs, we can conclude Millenniumbutterfly ________． A. is a boss or a manager B．cannot drive cars now C．is skeptical of AI D．is waiting for self-driving cars appearing 2．According to Popkid, ________． A．AI cannot think independently without programming B．AI can help us solve all the problems C．humans can't be regarded as enemy by AI D．AI will bring about more jobs to people 3．What does “it” refer to in the sentence “If not, it might wipe us all out！” in Paragraph 3? A．A less advanced form of AI. B．Human's thoughts. C．AI. D．The use of AI. 4．According to Paragraph 4, we can conclude ________． A．AI can't bring threat to us in the short run B．journalists can't be replaced by AI C．the other parts of the world can't be influenced by AI except the US D．AI will cause people to be out of work 5．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Since AI can bring us risks, we should refuse it. B．AI won't fall into wrong hands because they don't master this knowledge. C．Though AI can be dangerous, we still accept it. D．We can only use the harmless AI and kick the harmful AI. （学科素养、核心价值） 阅读理解 Claude Sammut，a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of New South Wales in Australia，said it would soon be possible for robots to defeat the stars of the future. For many years，Mr Sammut has been a member of a project called RoboCup，where robots have been programmed to learn how to play football and compete against others in a football match. As he explains，robots are having difficulty in learning how to control the ball and move the ball on their own，but he is still full of confidence that one day in the future they will show the same skills as Wayae Rooney，who is one of the best football players in the world. Mr Sammut also said，“In 1968，John McCarthy and Donald Michie made a bet with David Levy，who was then the chess champion in Scotland，that within 10 years a computer programme would be able to beat him. It took a little bit longer than 10 years(nearly 30 years)but eventually such programmes came into being.” “In the same spirit of a grand challenge，RoboCup aims to develop a team of robots that can defeat the world soccer champion team by the year 2050.To achieve this，or come even closer to the ambition，robots will have to be able to sense and act in completely unstructured environments. This will require major advances in perception(感知)，decision­making，learning，and cooperative behaviours. Considering robots are integrated hardware and software systems，great advances will also be needed in sensors(传感器)，energy storage，and materials.” 1. The RoboCup is aimed to develop robots that know how to________． A．play computer football games B．play football and win in real matches C．understand the rules of the football game D．improve the skills of real football players 2. What kind of difficulty are the robots facing in playing football? A．They can't run as fast as real people. B．They can't recognize their partners accurately. C．They can't control the ball well by themselves. D．They can't pass the ball to their partners. 3. The idea of designing a computer programme that could defeat a chess champion came forth________． A．in 1968 B．in 1978 C．in the 1990s D．30 years ago 4. We can conclude from Mr Sammut's words that________． A．many parts of robots still need improving B．robots would be smarter than human beings in the near future C．robots have more ambitions than human beings D．robots would take control of the world 【反思感悟】 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$