精品解析：四川省自贡市第一中学校2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

2024—2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试卷 （试卷满分150分, 考试时间120分钟） 第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分） 做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where are the speakers probably? A. At a tailor's. B. At home. C. At a clothing shop. 2. What is the man doing? A. Fixing the desk. B. Checking the bulb. C. Turning off the light. 3. What seems to be the problem? A. The small number of bookings. B. Andy Norton's absence. C. The small size of the hall. 4. Why is the girl in a hurry? A. To go home to get some food. B. To get an important file. C. To join a group discussion. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How to cut carrots. B. How to use knives safely. C. How the woman's hand got hurt. 第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Colleagues. C. Relatives. 7. What does the woman plan to do tomorrow? A. Attend a show. B. Fly to New York. C. Look after her grandma. 听第 7段材料, 回答第8、9题。 8. What is Tommy doing? A. Preparing supper. B. Playing a computer game. C Watching a TV program. 9. Who does the woman speak highly of? A. Cathy. B. Tommy. C. Johnny. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10. What does Kate like doing to get relaxed? A. Jogging. B. Dancing. C. Playing soccer. 11. How often does Bill go to the gym? A. Twice a week. B. Three times a week. C. Four times a week. 12. What will the speakers do next? A. Hang out. B. Play games. C. Study together. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. Which place did the man visit first? A. A castle. B. A museum. C. A church. 14. What did the man like in the museum? A. Old paintings. B. Old stamps. C. Old clocks. 15. What does the man think of the castle? A. It's special. B. It's boring. C. It's dangerous. 16. What did the man buy? A. A book. B. Some postcards. C. A model church. 听第 10 段材料, 回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Why is the speaker giving the talk? A. To introduce a club. B. To invite the listeners to a party. C. To inform the listeners of a change. 18. Where will the party be held? A. At the Irish Pub. B. At the LaFleur Club. C. At the Rodolfo Club. 19. What do the listeners have to pay for themselves? A. A buffet. B. Soft drinks. C. Wine. 20. How does the speaker suggest going to the party? A. By bus. B. By car. C. By subway. 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A It’s always lovely to see a new group of picture books that help model friendship for children. From now on, every book. is sold at a 10% discount! Snail and Worm Again by Tina Kugler, illustrated (插图) by Joe Smith The humor in these short, simple stories about snail and worm, two best friends, make this a laugh out loud delight for your own reading or for readers on the laps of their parents. Number of pages: 92 Selling price: $11 The Friend Ship by Kat Yeh, illustrated by Chuck Groenink Hedgehog (刺猬) misunderstands when she overhears that searching for Friendship might help her be less lonely. She thinks Friendship is an actual ship and starts to look for it. Along her journey, she meets people who also want a friend. They join her search. Soon, the group of new friends realizes they are sailing an actual Friend Ship. This clever play on words makes for a heartwarming story of truth — that sometimes friends are right in front of us. Number of pages: 105 Selling price: $12 Pax and Blue by Lori Richmond, illustrated by Jake Black Blue is Pax’s friend, small like Pax. Today Pax’s mom is moving to another place with him. Pax worries about Blue because “you don’t leave a friend behind.” Luckily, Pax knows just what to do to help his friend! You’ll see empathy (同情) and understanding between two unlikely friends who are in brighter colors against a quiet lavender and earthy toned background. Number of pages: 138 Selling price: $15 Dill & Bizzy Opposite Day by Nora Ericson, illustrated by Lisa Ericson I love the illustrations, and they really capture the charm of each of these two characters — a bird and a duck — who are best friends. Today they do everything opposite. Breakfast for dinner. Loud party instead of quiet rest. And what if opposite means the can’t be friends? Number of pages: 117 Selling price: $13 1. How much should you pay if you want to buy two of the cheapest book? A. $19.8. B. $20.7. C. $23.0. D. $22.0. 2. Who illustrates a truth in his/her story? A. Lori Richmond. B. Tina Kugler. C. Nora Ericson. D. Kat Yeh. 3. Which book’s pictures does the author like? A. Snail and Worm Again. B. The Friend Ship. C. Pax and Blue. D. Dill & Bizzy Opposite Day. B Cathy was on holiday in Hong Kong, walking for hours every day, when her foot started to hurt. She hadn’t fallen or injured herself but it was so painful that she went to see a doctor. She was shocked to discover she had broken a bone in her foot Worried about her bone strength, Cathy’s doctor sent her for a bone density test. It turned out Cathy had osteopenia (骨量减少), the early stage to osteoporosis (骨质疏松症). She wasn’t prepared for that. “I was just shocked. I truly believed osteoporosis was an old person’s disease.” That’s a common assumption, says Associate Professor Peter Wong, head of rheumatology (风湿病学) at Westmead Hospital in Sydney. He says it’s also common for people to assume osteoporosis is a condition that affects only elderly women. But osteoporosis can occur in younger women, though it is less common, and can also affect men. So what is osteoporosis? In simple terms, Wong says, it’s when you have “thin bones”. Instead of hardy, thick bones, osteoporotic bones are at increased risk of being broken. You can even break a bone, as Cathy did, without noticeable injury. Because osteoporosis is painless, some people discover they have it only after they’ve broken a bone and gone for a scan. While osteoporosis is common, it’s not unavoidable. Wong says the best ways to prevent it are by consuming enough calcium and doing regular exercise. He recommends aiming for 1,000 milligrams of calcium a day. For example, a tub of yogurt or a serve of cheese is a good amount of calcium. You also need adequate sunlight exposure, which allows skin to make vitamin D, a crucial component of strong bones, Smoking can lead to weak bones, so quitting is advised. If you have osteoporosis and have broken a bone, Wong says there are treatments available that can thicken bones and dramatically reduce your risk of a further break. 4. According to the first paragraph, why did Cathy go to see a doctor? A. Because she had no idea why her foot hurt so much. B. Because walking too much made her foot get injured. C. Because she thought that a bone was broken in her foot. D. Because she knew that she was going to have osteoporosis. 5. Which of the following statements about osteoporosis is correct? A It is known that osteoporosis hardly affects younger people. B. Osteopenia indicates that you are bound to have osteoporosis soon. C. Everyone may have osteoporosis no matter the age and gender. D. Osteoporosis makes you more painful when breaking a bone. 6. Which way can help you prevent osteoporosis effectively? A. Sunbathe as much as possible until getting sunburnt. B. Consume your diet with enough calcium and exercise more. C. Try a variety of treatments or therapies and find a suitable one. D. Go to the hospital for a bone density test occasionally. 7. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. What We Get Wrong about Osteoporosis B. Osteoporosis — an Old Person’s Disease C. The Good Ways to Prevent Osteoporosis D. The Right Attitude Towards Osteoporosis C When it comes to leading, self-identity matters. Research has shown that seeing yourself as a leader is an important first step on the path toward becoming one — and reluctance (不情愿) to be identified as a leader can keep capable people from taking on leadership responsibilities. So, why are people so often uncomfortable with thinking of themselves as leaders? To explore this question, we conducted a series of studies with more than 1,700 participants, and we consistently found that the more people worried about the reputational risks of being a leader, the less likely they were to be identified as one. Specifically, we identified three common reputational fears: fear of seeming bossy, fear of seeming different and fear of seeming unqualified. Many participants expressed concern about being seen as autocratic (专横的), bossy or domineering if they were to take on a leadership role. As one interviewee put it, “I wouldn’t want to seem pushy, or that I take advantage of weak people. I wouldn’t want to seem cold.” Interestingly, while much has been written on the use of negative words like “bossy” to describe female leaders, we found that in our studies, men and women were both afraid of coming across in this manner. The second common concern was that acting as a leader would result in being singled out and receiving too much attention for being different from others — even if that attention was positive. One participant explained, “I don’t want to be looked up to. I am comfortable leading, but at the same time I want to be on the same level as everyone else. “Many people worry that if they become leaders, they will have to sacrifice their sense of belonging within the group. Regardless of whether they actually saw themselves as qualified, many participants said that they were afraid that others would view them as unfit for leadership. As one shared, “I know people often associate certain typical images with leadership roles, so that makes me somewhat uncomfortable. I worry that if I try to pursue leadership in my field, people will not take me seriously.” 8. What does the underlined word “domineering” mean in paragraph 2? A. Being proud of oneself. B. Not considering others’ opinions. C. Speaking ill of other employees. D. Taking advantage of weak people. 9. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. Fear of seeming bossy only fits with female leadership. B. Both male and female worry about being seen as bossy. C. Leaders should not care about what others think of them. D. Female leaders are often described in negative-words. 10. What is people’s concern to be different? A. Getting less attention from others. B. Being talked about by others. C. Being on the same level as others. D. Lacking sense of belonging to a team. 11. What is the purpose of the text? A. To explain what reputational fears are. B. To encourage people to be leaders. C. To complain about the leaders in our life. D. To explain people’s reluctance to be leaders. D Violence is a central concept for describing social relationships among humans, a concept loaded with ethical and political significance. Verbal violence, most often also labeled verbal abuse, is a common variety of violence, which contains a relatively large range. of behaviors, including accusing, undermining, verbal threatening, ordering, trivializing (轻视), constant forgetting, silencing, name-calling, open criticizing. It is compatible (共存的) with other forms of violence, including physical violence and psychological violence. For instance, in most bullying behaviors we do find all three kinds of violence (and verbal violence seems to be the most essential form of violence to bullying — you can have no bullying without verbal threat.) As with psychological violence, the question is posed of what sorts of reactions may be regarded as legitimate (合法) with respect to verbal violence. Does a verbal threat give someone the leeway (余地) to respond with physical violence? We do find two quite distinct camps here: according to some, no act of verbal violence may justify a physically violent reaction; according to another camp, instead, verbally violent behavior may be as damaging, if not more damaging, than physically violent behaviors. On the other hand, verbal violence may be sometimes seen also as a form of liberation for the most oppressed. The exercise of humor may be in some cases involved with some forms of verbal violence: from politically incorrect jokes to simple mocking, humor may seem a manner to exercise violence over other people. At the same time, humor is amongst the most gentle tools for social protests, as it requires no special wealth and probably causes no physical damage and need not cause great psychological distress. The exercise of verbal violence, perhaps more than any other forms of violence, requires a continuous check on the part of the speaker of the reactions to their words: humans almost invariably end up exercising violence over each other; it is only by educating ourselves to try and keep from behaviors that our acquaintances do find violent that we may be able to live peacefully. 12. Which of the following is true about verbal violence according to the first paragraph? A. It is not related to ethical or political issues. B. It only includes name-calling and public criticism. C. It can be found in most bullying behaviors. D. It is not compatible with other forms of violence. 13. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Legitimate response to verbal violence is of major concern. B. Act of verbal violence justifies and authorizes a physical reaction. C. Verbal violence is undoubtedly as destructive as physical violence. D. Verbal violence has no essential difference with psychological violence. 14. Why is humor regarded as one of the gentlest tools for social protests? A. Because the poor can also use humor for social protests. B. Because it will not cost the interests of the protester. C. Because it is more acceptable than other forms of violence. D. Because it will only result in mild consequences. 15. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. How to respond to verbal violence properly. B. Explaining what verbal violence is. C. How to correctly view verbal violence. D. The different types of verbal violence. 第二节（共 5 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Most of us have some resistance to conflict. Instead of dealing with issues directly we try to be “nice” and end up spending lots of time talking to ourselves or others — complaining, feeling upset, thinking something that already happened over and over again. ___16___ Your health and self-esteem (自尊) may suffer and you think that you’re a victim. Below are three tips. 1)Speak objectively and make requests You should use observations instead of labels. For example, in the case of the direct report, he or she is likely to be unhappy if you say, “I need to talk to you about how badly you come off in the meeting.” Instead, talk about what you observed: “I noticed in the last meeting your body language changed and you reacted strongly when the speaker said something wrong. I’d love to discuss how you could share your concerns in a better way.” ___17___ 2)Keep a calm behavior ___18___ But it doesn’t. You can be yourself and remain kind, fair, and calm in these situations by being clear, focusing on the essence of the conflict, and making a request to ensure your problem is solved. 3) ___19___ Like any muscle you build, it takes practice before you can improve your abilities. ___20___ In the process of reflection, please ask yourself: What caused my anxiety and why does this feel personal? What request am I not making? Then, take action. A. Start with baby steps. B. But this can have serious costs. C. Therefore, this action is bad for your health. D. Then you can go further and ask for improvement. E. Start with easier situations first and reflect how to address the conflict. F. Try to do as many things as possible at once, and do each one perfectly. G. People who shy away from conflict often think that it has to look aggressive. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共 15 小题; 每小题 1分, 满分 15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Five years ago, the photographer Cassandra Giraldo fell into step with some teenagers on their way to a mall. She spent the next several months ___21___ two of the girls, April and Desire, until their graduation from the eighth grade. “They opened their whole worlds to me,” said Ms. Giraldo. “They both came from single-mother ___22___,” she said. “They had to help their ___23___ take care of other kids, which made them become more ___24___ and mature.” That ___25___ became the seed for The After School Project, Ms. Giraldo’s continuing Instagram series documenting how students ___26___ the interlude (间歇) between school and home. “I’m trying to ___27___ these kids at their most authentic (真实的) time,” she said. “They’re not being ___28___ by the adults.” She photographed them playing sports, or just hanging out. “I’ve experienced after-school time as this ___29___ time,” she said. “It’s amazing to ___30___ the same kids time and time again. I see how they get along and quarrel with each other.” Now studying education reporting at university, Ms. Giraldo has ___31___ more about the teenagers in institutions. She plans to turn the ___32___ into a website for students and educators — and to check in with her former ___33___ April and Desire, who are about to graduate from high school. “___34___, they taught me how to be a ___35___, to be honest. How to capture intimacy (亲密), to spend time, to slow down, to be thoughtful,” Ms. Giraldo said. 21. A. protecting B. documenting C. guiding D. accompanying 22. A. households B. organizations C. teams D. classes 23. A. teachers B. leaders C. moms D. friends 24. A. sympathetic B. adorable C. hopeful D. responsible 25. A. activity B. story C. experience D. process 26. A. spend B. describe C. record D. memorize 27. A. talk to B. take pictures of C. work with D. watch movies with 28. A. watched B. educated C. supported D. locked 29. A. rough B. great C. short D. right 30. A. look after B. take in C. turn to D. run into 31. A. argued B. learned C. worried D. complained 32. A. task B. trade C. project D. arrangement 33. A. subjects B. customers C. classmates D. colleagues 34. A. Generally B. Amusingly C. Strangely D. Thankfully 35. A. writer B. student C. photographer D. director 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the past century and a half, China ___36___ (experience) five of the world’s 10 severest natural disasters, while ___37___ top three severest natural disasters in world history all occurred in China. However, with the internet of things technology, the nation can now provide crucial support through early warning systems and detection of natural disasters, as well as enhance emergency response in order ___38___ (protect) the population. Internet of things technology is based on interconnection through the internet of computing devices in everyday objects, ___39___ (enable) them to send and receive data. This technology is powering research in everything from driverless cars ___40___ smart refrigerators. The ___41___ (develop) of low power wide area, or LPWA, technology in the past two years, combined with internet of things applications, is fast Becoming the route to protecting Chinese infrastructure (基础设施). LPWA technology allows tot wireless telecommunication networks across long ranges at ___42___ (extreme)low bit rates, meaning that small individual objects such as sensors (传感器) can be placed across vast distances in order to detect natural disasters. A wide range of ___43___ (environment) conditions can be monitored and integrated as part of an early warning system. Internet of things accelerators (加速器), such as the ones ___44___ (fund) by Ericsson in China earlier this year, are making it increasingly affordable to set large numbers of sensors across an area ____45____ natural disasters occur. The quantity of sensors connected means that it is easier to manage environmental data on noise, water and air. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你校成功举办了“学生插花作品大赛（Student Floral Design Competition）”。请你给校报英语栏目写一篇文章，报道一下该活动。内容包括： （1）活动情况； （2）活动意义。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Student Floral Design Competition Ends Successfully ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two boys, Jack and Tom, have been inseparable since childhood, sharing laughter, tears, and countless adventures. Their friendship was like a big tree, rooted deep in the soil of their hearts, weathering every storm that came their way. As they grew older, Jack and Tom attended the same school, where they continued to grow up academically and socially. They were both extraordinary students, but it was their friendship that set them apart from others. They supported each other through thick and thin, always ready to lend a helping hand or a listening ear to each other. Sometime later, Jack’s family faced a severe financial crisis, forcing them to move away from their beloved town. The news broke Jack and Tom’s world, as they had never imagined a life without each other. However, they vowed (发誓) to remain in touch and promised to visit each other as often as they could. Over the years, Jack and Tom took different paths in life. Jack did excellent in his studies and eventually landed a very good job in a big city, while Tom pursued his passion for art and became a successful artist. Despite their busy schedules, they never forgot their promise and made sure to keep in touch through letters, phone calls, and occasional visits. One summer, Jack received terrible news—Tom had been diagnosed (诊断) with a rare cancer. Heartbroken, Jack immediately booked the first flight back to their hometown to be by his friend’s side. When he arrived, he found Tom weak and fragile (脆弱的), but his spirit remained unbroken. In the days of pain and uncertainty, Jack and Tom’s bond simply grew stronger. They spent hours recalling their childhood adventures, laughing at old jokes and sharing stories of their lives. Jack would read books to Tom, who would paint pictures inspired by their memories. Through their love and support for each other, they found strength to face the challenges that lay ahead. However, as the days turned into weeks, Tom’s condition worsened. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Learning about Tom’s terrible condition, Jack firmly quit his job in the city. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With Tom’s final wish buried in his heart, Jack returned to the city and found another job. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试卷 （试卷满分150分, 考试时间120分钟） 第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分） 做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where are the speakers probably? A. At a tailor's. B. At home. C. At a clothing shop. 2. What is the man doing? A. Fixing the desk. B. Checking the bulb. C. Turning off the light. 3. What seems to be the problem? A. The small number of bookings. B. Andy Norton's absence. C. The small size of the hall. 4. Why is the girl in a hurry? A. To go home to get some food. B. To get an important file. C. To join a group discussion. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. How to cut carrots. B. How to use knives safely. C. How the woman's hand got hurt. 第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Colleagues. C. Relatives. 7. What does the woman plan to do tomorrow? A. Attend a show. B. Fly to New York. C. Look after her grandma. 听第 7段材料, 回答第8、9题。 8. What is Tommy doing? A. Preparing supper. B. Playing a computer game. C. Watching a TV program. 9. Who does the woman speak highly of? A. Cathy. B. Tommy. C. Johnny. 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。 10. What does Kate like doing to get relaxed? A. Jogging. B. Dancing. C. Playing soccer. 11. How often does Bill go to the gym? A. Twice a week. B. Three times a week. C. Four times a week. 12. What will the speakers do next? A. Hang out. B. Play games. C. Study together. 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。 13. Which place did the man visit first? A. A castle. B. A museum. C. A church. 14. What did the man like in the museum? A. Old paintings. B. Old stamps. C. Old clocks. 15. What does the man think of the castle? A. It's special. B. It's boring. C. It's dangerous. 16. What did the man buy? A. A book. B. Some postcards. C. A model church. 听第 10 段材料, 回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Why is the speaker giving the talk? A. To introduce a club. B. To invite the listeners to a party. C. To inform the listeners of a change. 18. Where will the party be held? A. At the Irish Pub. B. At the LaFleur Club. C. At the Rodolfo Club. 19. What do the listeners have to pay for themselves? A. A buffet. B. Soft drinks. C. Wine. 20. How does the speaker suggest going to the party? A. By bus. B. By car. C. By subway. 第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A It’s always lovely to see a new group of picture books that help model friendship for children. From now on, every book. is sold at a 10% discount! Snail and Worm Again by Tina Kugler, illustrated (插图) by Joe Smith The humor in these short, simple stories about snail and worm, two best friends, make this a laugh out loud delight for your own reading or for readers on the laps of their parents. Number of pages: 92 Selling price: $11 The Friend Ship by Kat Yeh, illustrated by Chuck Groenink Hedgehog (刺猬) misunderstands when she overhears that searching for Friendship might help her be less lonely. She thinks Friendship is an actual ship and starts to look for it. Along her journey, she meets people who also want a friend. They join her search. Soon, the group of new friends realizes they are sailing an actual Friend Ship. This clever play on words makes for a heartwarming story of truth — that sometimes friends are right in front of us. Number of pages: 105 Selling price: $12 Pax and Blue by Lori Richmond, illustrated by Jake Black Blue is Pax’s friend, small like Pax. Today Pax’s mom is moving to another place with him. Pax worries about Blue because “you don’t leave a friend behind.” Luckily, Pax knows just what to do to help his friend! You’ll see empathy (同情) and understanding between two unlikely friends who are in brighter colors against a quiet lavender and earthy toned background. Number of pages: 138 Selling price: $15 Dill & Bizzy Opposite Day by Nora Ericson, illustrated by Lisa Ericson I love the illustrations, and they really capture the charm of each of these two characters — a bird and a duck — who are best friends. Today they do everything opposite. Breakfast for dinner. Loud party instead of quiet rest. And what if opposite means the can’t be friends? Number of pages: 117 Selling price: $13 1. How much should you pay if you want to buy two of the cheapest book? A. $19.8. B. $20.7. C. $23.0. D. $22.0. 2. Who illustrates a truth in his/her story? A. Lori Richmond. B. Tina Kugler. C. Nora Ericson. D. Kat Yeh. 3. Which book’s pictures does the author like? A. Snail and Worm Again. B. The Friend Ship. C. Pax and Blue. D. Dill & Bizzy Opposite Day. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章旨在向读者推荐几本图画书，并提供具体的购买信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“From now on, every book. is sold at a 10% discount! (从现在开始，每本书。打九折出售！)”、Snail and Worm Again by Tina Kugler, illustrated (插图) by Joe Smith部分中“Selling price: $11 (售价：11美元)”、The Friend Ship by Kat Yeh, illustrated by Chuck Groenink部分中“Selling price: $12 (售价：12美元)”、Pax and Blue by Lori Richmond, illustrated by Jake Black部分中“Selling price: $15 (售价：15美元)”、Dill & Bizzy Opposite Day by Nora Ericson, illustrated by Lisa Ericson部分中“Dill & Bizzy Opposite Day (售价：13美元)”可知，最便宜的书售价11美元，购买两本的话，折后价为11*2*90%=19.8 (美元)。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由文章The Friend Ship by Kat Yeh, illustrated by Chuck Groenink部分中“Hedgehog (刺猬) misunderstands when she overhears that searching for Friendship might help her be less lonely. She thinks Friendship is an actual ship and starts to look for it. Along her journey, she meets people who also want a friend. They join her search. Soon, the group of new friends realizes they are sailing an actual Friend Ship. This clever play on words makes for a heartwarming story of truth—that sometimes friends are right in front of us. (刺猬在无意中听到寻找友谊可以帮助她减少孤独时，产生了误解。她认为友谊是一艘真正的船，并开始寻找它。在她的旅途中，她遇到了一些同样需要朋友的人。他们加入了她的搜寻。很快，这群新朋友意识到他们正在驾驶一艘真正的友谊之船。这个巧妙的文字游戏讲述了一个温暖人心的真实故事——有时朋友就在我们面前。)”可知，这本书揭示了一个温暖的真理——有时候朋友就在我们面前。这个故事是由Kat Yeh写的。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Dill & Bizzy Opposite Day by Nora Ericson, illustrated by Lisa Ericson部分中“I love the illustrations, and they really capture the charm of each of these two characters — a bird and a duck — who are best friends. (我喜欢这些插图，它们真的捕捉到了这两个角色的魅力——一只鸟和一只鸭子——它们是最好的朋友。)”可知，作者特别喜欢《Dill & Bizzy Opposite Day》的插图。故选D。 B Cathy was on holiday in Hong Kong, walking for hours every day, when her foot started to hurt. She hadn’t fallen or injured herself but it was so painful that she went to see a doctor. She was shocked to discover she had broken a bone in her foot Worried about her bone strength, Cathy’s doctor sent her for a bone density test. It turned out Cathy had osteopenia (骨量减少), the early stage to osteoporosis (骨质疏松症). She wasn’t prepared for that. “I was just shocked. I truly believed osteoporosis was an old person’s disease.” That’s a common assumption, says Associate Professor Peter Wong, head of rheumatology (风湿病学) at Westmead Hospital in Sydney. He says it’s also common for people to assume osteoporosis is a condition that affects only elderly women. But osteoporosis can occur in younger women, though it is less common, and can also affect men. So what is osteoporosis? In simple terms, Wong says, it’s when you have “thin bones”. Instead of hardy, thick bones, osteoporotic bones are at increased risk of being broken. You can even break a bone, as Cathy did, without noticeable injury. Because osteoporosis is painless, some people discover they have it only after they’ve broken a bone and gone for a scan. While osteoporosis is common, it’s not unavoidable. Wong says the best ways to prevent it are by consuming enough calcium and doing regular exercise. He recommends aiming for 1000 milligrams of calcium a day. For example, a tub of yogurt or a serve of cheese is a good amount of calcium. You also need adequate sunlight exposure, which allows skin to make vitamin D, a crucial component of strong bones, Smoking can lead to weak bones, so quitting is advised. If you have osteoporosis and have broken a bone, Wong says there are treatments available that can thicken bones and dramatically reduce your risk of a further break. 4. According to the first paragraph, why did Cathy go to see a doctor? A. Because she had no idea why her foot hurt so much. B. Because walking too much made her foot get injured. C. Because she thought that a bone was broken in her foot. D. Because she knew that she was going to have osteoporosis. 5. Which of the following statements about osteoporosis is correct? A. It is known that osteoporosis hardly affects younger people. B. Osteopenia indicates that you are bound to have osteoporosis soon. C. Everyone may have osteoporosis no matter the age and gender. D. Osteoporosis makes you more painful when breaking a bone. 6. Which way can help you prevent osteoporosis effectively? A. Sunbathe as much as possible until getting sunburnt. B. Consume your diet with enough calcium and exercise more. C. Try a variety of treatments or therapies and find a suitable one. D. Go to the hospital for a bone density test occasionally. 7. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. What We Get Wrong about Osteoporosis B. Osteoporosis — an Old Person’s Disease C. The Good Ways to Prevent Osteoporosis D. The Right Attitude Towards Osteoporosis 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Cathy在香港度假时因脚部疼痛而发现患有骨量减少症（骨质疏松症的早期阶段）的情况，并进一步解释了什么是骨质疏松症、其常见的误解、以及如何预防和治疗。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Cathy was on holiday in Hong Kong, walking for hours every day, when her foot started to hurt. She hadn’t fallen or injured herself but it was so painful that she went to see a doctor. (Cathy在香港度假时，每天都步行数小时，直到有一天她的脚开始疼痛。她并没有摔倒或受伤，但疼痛难忍，于是去看了医生。)”可知，Cathy去看医生的原因是她脚疼但她却不知道为什么脚会这么疼。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“That’s a common assumption, says Associate Professor Peter Wong, head of rheumatology(风湿病学)at Westmead Hospital in Sydney. He says it’s also common for people to assume osteoporosis is a condition that affects only elderly women. But osteoporosis can occur in younger women, though it is less common, and can also affect men. (悉尼韦斯特米德医院风湿病学主管、副教授Peter Wong表示，这是一种常见的误解。他还说，人们通常还认为骨质疏松症只影响老年女性，这也是一种常见的误解。但骨质疏松症也会发生在年轻女性身上，尽管不太常见，而且也会影响到男性。)”可知，骨质疏松症可以发生在任何年龄和性别的人群中，尽管某些人群更常见。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Wong says the best ways to prevent it are by consuming enough calcium and doing regular exercise. (王教授说，预防骨质疏松症的最好方法是摄取足够的钙和进行规律的运动。)”可知，预防骨质疏松症的最好方法是摄取足够的钙和进行规律的运动。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“That’s a common assumption, says Associate Professor Peter Wong, head of rheumatology(风湿病学)at Westmead Hospital in Sydney. (悉尼韦斯特米德医院风湿病学主管、副教授Peter Wong表示，这是一种常见的误解。)”以及全文内容可知，文章首先通过一个案例引出了骨质疏松症，并紧接着指出了人们对骨质疏松症的常见误解，然后进行了纠正，并提供了预防骨质疏松症的方法。选项A“What We Get Wrong about Osteoporosis (我们对骨质疏松症的误解)”与文章的主题相符，准确地概括了文章的内容。故选A。 C When it comes to leading, self-identity matters. Research has shown that seeing yourself as a leader is an important first step on the path toward becoming one — and reluctance (不情愿) to be identified as a leader can keep capable people from taking on leadership responsibilities. So, why are people so often uncomfortable with thinking of themselves as leaders? To explore this question, we conducted a series of studies with more than 1,700 participants, and we consistently found that the more people worried about the reputational risks of being a leader, the less likely they were to be identified as one. Specifically, we identified three common reputational fears: fear of seeming bossy, fear of seeming different and fear of seeming unqualified. Many participants expressed concern about being seen as autocratic (专横的), bossy or domineering if they were to take on a leadership role. As one interviewee put it, “I wouldn’t want to seem pushy, or that I take advantage of weak people. I wouldn’t want to seem cold.” Interestingly, while much has been written on the use of negative words like “bossy” to describe female leaders, we found that in our studies, men and women were both afraid of coming across in this manner. The second common concern was that acting as a leader would result in being singled out and receiving too much attention for being different from others — even if that attention was positive. One participant explained, “I don’t want to be looked up to. I am comfortable leading, but at the same time I want to be on the same level as everyone else. “Many people worry that if they become leaders, they will have to sacrifice their sense of belonging within the group. Regardless of whether they actually saw themselves as qualified, many participants said that they were afraid that others would view them as unfit for leadership. As one shared, “I know people often associate certain typical images with leadership roles, so that makes me somewhat uncomfortable. I worry that if I try to pursue leadership in my field, people will not take me seriously.” 8. What does the underlined word “domineering” mean in paragraph 2? A. Being proud of oneself. B. Not considering others’ opinions. C. Speaking ill of other employees. D. Taking advantage of weak people. 9. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. Fear of seeming bossy only fits with female leadership. B. Both male and female worry about being seen as bossy. C. Leaders should not care about what others think of them. D. Female leaders are often described in negative-words. 10. What is people’s concern to be different? A. Getting less attention from others. B. Being talked about by others. C. Being on the same level as others. D. Lacking sense of belonging to a team. 11. What is the purpose of the text? A. To explain what reputational fears are. B. To encourage people to be leaders. C. To complain about the leaders in our life. D. To explain people’s reluctance to be leaders. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“人们为何常常不愿将自己视为领导者”的问题展开探讨，通过一系列研究结果来分析和阐述造成这种现象的原因，包括三种常见的声誉担忧。 【8题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“Many participants expressed concern about being seen as autocratic(专横的), bossy or domineering if they were to take on a leadership role.(许多参与者表示，如果他们要担任领导角色，就会担心被视为独裁者、专横者或……)”中的“autocratic(专横的), bossy”可推测，划线单词应该也是负面的评价，且和这两个单词意思相似。而“autocratic(专横的), bossy”都和“以自我中心，不考虑别人”相关。选项A“Being proud of oneself (为自己感到骄傲)”；选项B“Not considering others’ opinions (不考虑别人的意见)”；选项C“Speaking ill of other employees (说其他员工的坏话)”；选项D“Taking advantage of weak people (利用弱小的人)”。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Interestingly, while much has been written on the use of negative words like “bossy” to describe female leaders, we found that in our studies, men and women were both afraid of coming across in this manner.(有趣的是，尽管有很多文章都在讨论用‘专横’等负面词汇来描述女性领导者，但我们的研究发现，男性和女性都害怕给人留下这样的印象。)”可知，男性和女性都担心被视为专横。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The second common concern was that acting as a leader would result in being singled out and receiving too much attention for being different from others—even if that attention was positive. One participant explained, “I don’t want to be looked up to. I am comfortable leading, but at the same time I want to be on the same level as everyone else. “Many people worry that if they become leaders, they will have to sacrifice their sense of belonging within the group.(第二个常见的担忧是，作为领导者会让自己被单独挑出来，因与众不同而受到过多关注——即使这种关注是正面的。一位参与者解释道：“我不想被仰望。我喜欢领导，但同时我也想和大家处于同一水平线上。”许多人担心，如果他们成为领导者，就必须牺牲自己在群体中的归属感。)”可知，人们对与众不同的担忧是“牺牲自己在群体中的归属感”，即“缺乏团队归属感”。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“So, why are people so often uncomfortable with thinking of themselves as leaders? To explore this question, we conducted a series of studies with more than 1, 700 participants, and we consistently found that the more people worried about the reputational risks of being a leader, the less likely they were to be identified as one. Specifically, we identified three common reputational fears: fear of seeming bossy, fear of seeming different and fear of seeming unqualified.(那么，为什么人们常常不愿将自己视为领导者呢？为了探究这个问题，我们对1700多名参与者进行了一系列研究，并始终发现，人们对成为领导者可能带来的声誉风险越担忧，他们就越不可能被认定为领导者。具体而言，我们确定了三种常见的声誉担忧：担心显得专横、担心显得与众不同以及担心显得不胜任。)”以及全文内容可知，文章详细解释了人们不愿意成为领导者的三个声誉恐惧的原因，所以整篇文章都在解释人们不愿意成为领导者的原因。故选D。 D Violence is a central concept for describing social relationships among humans, a concept loaded with ethical and political significance. Verbal violence, most often also labeled verbal abuse, is a common variety of violence, which contains a relatively large range. of behaviors, including accusing, undermining, verbal threatening, ordering, trivializing (轻视), constant forgetting, silencing, name-calling, open criticizing. It is compatible (共存的) with other forms of violence, including physical violence and psychological violence. For instance, in most bullying behaviors we do find all three kinds of violence (and verbal violence seems to be the most essential form of violence to bullying — you can have no bullying without verbal threat.) As with psychological violence, the question is posed of what sorts of reactions may be regarded as legitimate (合法的) with respect to verbal violence. Does a verbal threat give someone the leeway (余地) to respond with physical violence? We do find two quite distinct camps here: according to some, no act of verbal violence may justify a physically violent reaction; according to another camp, instead, verbally violent behavior may be as damaging, if not more damaging, than physically violent behaviors. On the other hand, verbal violence may be sometimes seen also as a form of liberation for the most oppressed. The exercise of humor may be in some cases involved with some forms of verbal violence: from politically incorrect jokes to simple mocking, humor may seem a manner to exercise violence over other people. At the same time, humor is amongst the most gentle tools for social protests, as it requires no special wealth and probably causes no physical damage and need not cause great psychological distress. The exercise of verbal violence, perhaps more than any other forms of violence, requires a continuous check on the part of the speaker of the reactions to their words: humans almost invariably end up exercising violence over each other; it is only by educating ourselves to try and keep from behaviors that our acquaintances do find violent that we may be able to live peacefully. 12. Which of the following is true about verbal violence according to the first paragraph? A. It is not related to ethical or political issues. B. It only includes name-calling and public criticism. C. It can be found in most bullying behaviors. D. It is not compatible with other forms of violence. 13. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Legitimate response to verbal violence is of major concern. B. Act of verbal violence justifies and authorizes a physical reaction. C. Verbal violence is undoubtedly as destructive as physical violence. D. Verbal violence has no essential difference with psychological violence. 14. Why is humor regarded as one of the gentlest tools for social protests? A. Because the poor can also use humor for social protests. B. Because it will not cost the interests of the protester. C. Because it is more acceptable than other forms of violence. D. Because it will only result in mild consequences. 15 What does this passage mainly talk about? A. How to respond to verbal violence properly. B. Explaining what verbal violence is. C. How to correctly view verbal violence. D. The different types of verbal violence. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“言语暴力”这一主题展开，探讨言语暴力作为暴力形式之一，其定义、合法性争议及对个人和社会的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“For instance, in most bullying behaviors we do find all three kinds of violence(and verbal violence seems to be the most essential form of violence to bullying—you can have no bullying without verbal threat.)(例如，在大多数欺凌行为中，我们确实发现了这三种暴力形式（言语暴力似乎是欺凌行为中最基本的暴力形式——没有言语威胁就不可能有欺凌）)”可知，言语暴力可以在大多数欺凌行为中找到。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As with psychological violence, the question is posed of what sorts of reactions may be regarded as legitimate(合法的)with respect to verbal violence. Does a verbal threat give someone the leeway(余地)to respond with physical violence? We do find two quite distinct camps here: according to some, no act of verbal violence may justify a physically violent reaction; according to another camp, instead, verbally violent behavior may be as damaging, if not more damaging, than physically violent behaviors.(就像心理暴力一样，问题在于对于言语暴力，什么样的反应可以被视为合法的。言语威胁是否给了某人以身体暴力回应的余地？在这里，我们确实发现了两个截然不同的阵营：一些人认为，任何言语暴力行为都不能成为身体暴力反应的正当理由；而另一个阵营则认为，言语暴力行为如果不比身体暴力行为更具破坏性，那么也至少同样具有破坏性。)”可知，对言语暴力的合法回应是文章的一个主要关注点。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“At the same time, humor is amongst the most gentle tools for social protests, as it requires no special wealth and probably causes no physical damage and need not cause great psychological distress.(同时，幽默是社会抗议中最温和的工具之一，因为它不需要特别的财富，可能不会造成身体伤害，也不一定会造成巨大的心理困扰。)”可知，幽默不需要特别的财富，可能不会造成身体伤害，也不一定会造成巨大的心理困扰，也就是说幽默不会损害抗议者的自身利益。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章第一段主要介绍了言语暴力的定义和表现形式；第二段讨论了对于言语暴力，什么样的反应可以被视为合法的；第三段则讨论了言语暴力在不同情境下可能产生的不同影响，并强调了对于言语暴力的实施，需要说话者不断检查其言语对他人的反应。整体来看，文章并不是在单纯地解释什么是言语暴力或列举其类型，而是在探讨如何正确地看待和处理言语暴力这一问题。故选C。 第二节（共 5 小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Most of us have some resistance to conflict. Instead of dealing with issues directly, we try to be “nice” and end up spending lots of time talking to ourselves or others — complaining, feeling upset, thinking something that already happened over and over again. ___16___ Your health and self-esteem (自尊) may suffer and you think that you’re a victim. Below are three tips. 1)Speak objectively and make requests You should use observations instead of labels. For example, in the case of the direct report, he or she is likely to be unhappy if you say, “I need to talk to you about how badly you come off in the meeting.” Instead, talk about what you observed: “I noticed in the last meeting your body language changed and you reacted strongly when the speaker said something wrong. I’d love to discuss how you could share your concerns in a better way.” ___17___ 2)Keep a calm behavior ___18___ But it doesn’t. You can be yourself and remain kind, fair, and calm in these situations by being clear, focusing on the essence of the conflict, and making a request to ensure your problem is solved. 3) ___19___ Like any muscle you build, it takes practice before you can improve your abilities. ___20___ In the process of reflection, please ask yourself: What caused my anxiety and why does this feel personal? What request am I not making? Then, take action. A. Start with baby steps. B. But this can have serious costs. C. Therefore, this action is bad for your health. D. Then you can go further and ask for improvement. E. Start with easier situations first and reflect how to address the conflict. F. Try to do as many things as possible at once, and do each one perfectly. G. People who shy away from conflict often think that it has to look aggressive. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面对冲突时，大多数人选择逃避而不是直接解决，但逃避冲突可能会付出严重的代价，如损害健康和自尊。 【16题详解】 根据空前内容“Instead of dealing with issues directly, we try to be “nice” and end up spending lots of time talking to ourselves or others—complaining, feeling upset, thinking something that already happened over and over again.(我们不是直接处理问题，而是试图表现得“友善”，结果花费大量时间与自己或他人交谈——抱怨、感到难过、反复思考已经发生的事情。)”可知，大多数人面对冲突时，不是直接解决问题，而是选择逃避，最后花很多时间抱怨、难过和反复思考已经发生的事情，此处指出逃避冲突的行为，接下来应该说明逃避冲突可能带来的后果。选项B“But this can have serious costs.(但这可能会付出严重的代价)”能够承接上文，指出逃避冲突的后果，且“this”指代上文的逃避冲突的行为，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据空前内容“For example, in the case of the direct report, he or she is likely to be unhappy if you say, “I need to talk to you about how badly you come off in the meeting.” Instead, talk about what you observed: “I noticed in the last meeting your body language changed and you reacted strongly when the speaker said something wrong. I’d love to discuss how you could share your concerns in a better way.”(例如，在直接报告的情况下，如果你说，“我需要和你谈谈你在会议上表现得有多糟糕。”他或她可能会不高兴。相反，谈论你观察到的情况：“我注意到在上次会议上，你的肢体语言发生了变化，当演讲者说错话时，你反应强烈。我很想讨论一下，你如何能以更好的方式表达你的担忧。”)”可知，此句举例说明如何客观表达并做出请求，即先描述观察到的情况，然后提出希望对方改进的方面，此处应该承接上文，说明这样做的好处，即可以进一步要求对方改进。选项D“Then you can go further and ask for improvement.(然后你可以进一步要求改进。)”延续上文内容，指出婉转表达情况后，可以提出希望对方改进的方面。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据下文内容“But it doesn’t. You can be yourself and remain kind, fair, and calm in these situations by being clear, focusing on the essence of the conflict, and making a request to ensure your problem is solved.(但事实并非如此。在这些情况下，你可以保持真实的自己，保持友善、公正和冷静，通过表达清晰、关注冲突的本质并提出请求来确保你的问题得到解决。)”可知，该句与前一句构成转折关系，指出虽然面对冲突时人们可能会认为必须表现得有攻击性，但实际上并非如此，人们可以保持冷静和理智。选项G“People who shy away from conflict often think that it has to look aggressive.(回避冲突的人往往认为它必须看起来有攻击性。)”符合语境，且与后一句构成转折关系，其中“aggressive”与后一句中的“kind, fair, and calm”形成对比。故选G。 【19题详解】 空处为本段小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Like any muscle you build, it takes practice before you can improve your abilities.(就像你锻炼任何肌肉一样，在提高你的能力之前需要练习。)”以及整段可知，本段讲述的是我们可以从小事做起，慢慢练习如何解决冲突。选项A“Start with baby steps.(从小事做起)”是本段内容的概括，与本段内容相一致。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据下文内容“In the process of reflection, please ask yourself: What caused my anxiety and why does this feel personal? What request am I not making? Then, take action.(在反思的过程中，请问自己：是什么引起了我的焦虑，为什么这让我觉得是针对个人的？我没有提出什么要求？然后，采取行动。)”可推测，空处提到我们要反思。选项E“Start with easier situations first and reflect how to address the conflict.(先从简单的情况开始，并反思如何解决冲突。)”中的“start”和下文的“then”形成一致；而“reflect”也和下文的“In the process of reflection”相符。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共 15 小题; 每小题 1分, 满分 15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Five years ago, the photographer Cassandra Giraldo fell into step with some teenagers on their way to a mall. She spent the next several months ___21___ two of the girls, April and Desire, until their graduation from the eighth grade. “They opened their whole worlds to me,” said Ms. Giraldo. “They both came from single-mother ___22___,” she said. “They had to help their ___23___ take care of other kids, which made them become more ___24___ and mature.” That ___25___ became the seed for The After School Project, Ms. Giraldo’s continuing Instagram series documenting how students ___26___ the interlude (间歇) between school and home. “I’m trying to ___27___ these kids at their most authentic (真实的) time,” she said. “They’re not being ___28___ by the adults.” She photographed them playing sports, or just hanging out. “I’ve experienced after-school time as this ___29___ time,” she said. “It’s amazing to ___30___ the same kids time and time again. I see how they get along and quarrel with each other.” Now studying education reporting at university, Ms. Giraldo has ___31___ more about the teenagers in institutions. She plans to turn the ___32___ into a website for students and educators — and to check in with her former ___33___ April and Desire, who are about to graduate from high school. “___34___, they taught me how to be a ___35___, to be honest. How to capture intimacy (亲密), to spend time, to slow down, to be thoughtful,” Ms. Giraldo said. 21. A. protecting B. documenting C. guiding D. accompanying 22. A. households B. organizations C. teams D. classes 23. A. teachers B. leaders C. moms D. friends 24. A. sympathetic B. adorable C. hopeful D. responsible 25. A. activity B. story C. experience D. process 26. A. spend B. describe C. record D. memorize 27. A. talk to B. take pictures of C. work with D. watch movies with 28. A. watched B. educated C. supported D. locked 29. A. rough B. great C. short D. right 30. A. look after B. take in C. turn to D. run into 31. A. argued B. learned C. worried D. complained 32. A. task B. trade C. project D. arrangement 33. A. subjects B. customers C. classmates D. colleagues 34. A. Generally B. Amusingly C. Strangely D. Thankfully 35. A. writer B. student C. photographer D. director 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了摄影师Cassandra Giraldo跟踪记录两个女孩放学后的生活的经历。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，她记录了其中两个女孩April和Desire的生活，直到她们从八年级毕业。A. protecting保护；B. documenting记录；C. guiding指导；D. accompanying陪伴。根据下文“Ms. Giraldo’s continuing Instagram series documenting how students ___6___ the interlude (间歇) between school and home.”可知，此处是documenting词汇复现，指她记录了其中两个女孩April和Desire的生活，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“她们都来自单亲家庭，”她说。A. households家庭；B. organizations组织；C. teams团队；D. classes班级。根据空前的“single-mother”可知，此处指单亲家庭，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们不得不帮助妈妈照顾其他孩子，这使她们变得更加负责任和成熟。A. teachers老师；B. leaders领导；C. moms妈妈；D. friends朋友。根据上文“single-mother”和下文“take care of other kids”可知，她们来自单亲家庭，不得不帮助妈妈照顾其他孩子，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sympathetic同情的；B. adorable可爱的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. responsible负责任的。根据上文“take care of other kids”可知，帮助照顾其他孩子应是让她们变得更加有责任心，故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段经历为Giraldo女士的After School Project埋下了种子，她在Instagram上继续拍摄一系列照片，记录学生们是如何度过学校和家之间的间歇期的。A. activity活动；B. story故事；C. experience经历；D. process过程。此处是指上文她记录两个女孩生活的经历，这次经历为她的项目埋下了种子。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. spend花费，度过；B. describe描述；C. record记录；D. memorize记住。根据上文提到两个女孩帮助妈妈照顾孩子以及空后“the interlude (间歇) between school and home”可知，她记录学生们是如何度过学校和家之间的间歇期的。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我试图在这些孩子最真实的时候拍下他们的照片，”她说。A. talk to和……谈话；B. take pictures of拍照；C. work with和……一起工作；D. watch movies with和……看电影。根据下文“She photographed them playing sports, or just hanging out.(她拍下了她们做运动或只是闲逛的照片)”可知，此处指拍照片。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不在成年人的照看之下。A. watched观看，照看；B. educated教育；C. supported支持；D. locked锁。根据上文“the interlude (间歇) between school and home”以及“She photographed them playing sports, or just hanging out.(她拍下了她们做运动或只是闲逛的照片)”可知，这段间歇时间孩子们不在成年人的监管照看之下。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我觉得放学后的时光很美好。”A. rough粗糙的；B. great美妙的；C. short短暂的；D. right正确的。根据下文“It’s amazing…”可知，她认为放学后的时光很美好。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一次又一次地遇到同样的孩子真是太棒了。A. look after照顾；B. take in吸收；C. turn to求助于；D. run into遇到。根据下文“I see how they get along and quarrel with each other.(我看他们是怎么相处的，互相吵架)”可知，Giraldo女士经常遇到她们。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在在大学学习教育报告的Giraldo女士对机构中的青少年有了更多的了解。A. argued争辩；B. learned学习；C. worried担心；D. complained抱怨。根据“Now studying education reporting at university”可知，此处指“对机构中的青少年有了更多的了解”。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她计划把这个项目变成一个面向学生和教育工作者的网站，并与她以前的实验对象April和Desire联系，她们即将从高中毕业。A. task任务；B. trade贸易；C. project项目；D. arrangement安排。此处指上文的“The After School Project”。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. subjects实验对象；B. customers顾客；C. classmates同学；D. colleagues同事。根据上文“She spent the next several months ___1___ two of the girls”可知，这两个女孩是她一开始的实验对象。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很感激她们教会了我如何成为一名摄影师，如何变得诚实。A. Generally通常，一般地；B. Amusingly有趣地，好笑地；C. Strangely奇怪地；D. Thankfully感谢地。根据“they taught me how to be a ___15___ , to be honest”可知，Giraldo女士对两个女孩心怀感恩，故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. writer作家；B. student学生；C. photographer摄影师；D. director导演。根据文章首句中“the photographer Cassandra Giraldo”可知，Giraldo是一位摄影师。故选C。 第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the past century and a half, China ___36___ (experience) five of the world’s 10 severest natural disasters, while ___37___ top three severest natural disasters in world history all occurred in China. However, with the internet of things technology, the nation can now provide crucial support through early warning systems and detection of natural disasters, as well as enhance emergency response in order ___38___ (protect) the population. Internet of things technology is based on interconnection through the internet of computing devices in everyday objects, ___39___ (enable) them to send and receive data. This technology is powering research in everything from driverless cars ___40___ smart refrigerators. The ___41___ (develop) of low power wide area, or LPWA, technology in the past two years, combined with internet of things applications, is fast Becoming the route to protecting Chinese infrastructure (基础设施). LPWA technology allows tot wireless telecommunication networks across long ranges at ___42___ (extreme)low bit rates, meaning that small individual objects such as sensors (传感器) can be placed across vast distances in order to detect natural disasters. A wide range of ___43___ (environment) conditions can be monitored and integrated as part of an early warning system. Internet of things accelerators (加速器), such as the ones ___44___ (fund) by Ericsson in China earlier this year, are making it increasingly affordable to set large numbers of sensors across an area ____45____ natural disasters occur. The quantity of sensors connected means that it is easier to manage environmental data on noise, water and air. 【答案】36. has experienced 37. the 38. to protect 39. enabling 40. to 41. development 42. extremely 43. environmental 44. funded 45. where 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在过去一个半世纪中经历的自然灾害情况，并重点阐述了物联网技术在自然灾害预警、检测和应急响应方面的应用及其重要性。 36题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：在过去的一个半世纪里，中国经历了世界上十场最严重的自然灾害中的五场，而世界历史上最严重的三场自然灾害都发生在中国。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句谓语动词；根据时间状语“in the past century and a half”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“China”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has experienced。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在过去的一个半世纪里，中国经历了世界上十场最严重的自然灾害中的五场，而世界历史上最严重的三场自然灾害都发生在中国。分析句子成分可知，空处限定名词，表示特指，用定冠词。故填the。 38题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：然而，凭借物联网技术，中国现在能够通过自然灾害预警系统和检测系统提供关键支持，并加强应急响应，以保护民众。根据句意可知，空处为固定搭配：in order to do sth.，意为“为了……”，符合句意。故填to protect。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：物联网技术基于日常物品中计算设备的互联网连接，使它们能够发送和接收数据。分析句子成分可知，空处考查非谓语动词担当结果状语，表示主句一句话所产生的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填enabling。 【40题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：这项技术正在推动从无人驾驶汽车到智能冰箱等各个领域的研究。根据句意可知，空处考查固定短语：from…to…，意为“从……到……”，符合句意。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：过去两年，低功耗广域（LPWA）技术的发展，结合物联网应用，正迅速成为保护中国基础设施的途径。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当主语，意为“发展”，表抽象意义，为不可数名词，故填development。 42题详解】 考查副词。句意：LPWA技术允许以极低的比特率在长距离内进行无线电信网络传输，这意味着可以将小型个体对象（如传感器）放置在广阔区域中，以检测自然灾害。分析句子成分可知，空处考查修饰形容词“low”用副词形式，意为“极其”。故填extremely。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：可以监测广泛的环境条件，并将其作为预警系统的一部分进行整合。分析句子成分可知，空处考查形容词形式，修饰空后的“conditions”。故填environmental。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：物联网加速器，如今年早些时候爱立信在中国资助的那些，正使得在自然灾害发生的地区部署大量传感器变得越来越经济可行。分析句子成分可知，空处考查非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“the ones”和动词“fund”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填funded。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：物联网加速器，如今年早些时候爱立信在中国资助的那些，正使得在自然灾害发生的地区部署大量传感器变得越来越经济可行。考查定语从句的关系词，先行词为“an area”，在定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词“where”引导。故填where。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你校成功举办了“学生插花作品大赛（Student Floral Design Competition）”。请你给校报英语栏目写一篇文章，报道一下该活动。内容包括： （1）活动情况； （2）活动意义。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Student Floral Design Competition Ends Successfully ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Last Friday, all the students and teachers in our school witnessed the Student Floral Design Competition taking place on the playground of our school. The competition began with an opening address by the principle, who emphasized the significance of the event in fostering creativity, environmental awareness and a sense of aesthetic appreciation among students. As the curtains parted, a lot of floral masterpieces came into view. Each participant presented their unique and beautiful floral arrangements, incorporating various colors, shapes and textures to create stunning displays. The competition not only highlighted the students’ artistic abilities but also encouraged them to develop their skills in design, composition and overall presentation. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校报英语栏目写一篇文章，报道上周学校成功举办的“学生插花作品大赛”。 【详解】1.词汇积累 见证：witness→see 比赛：competition→match 强调：emphasize→stress 鼓励：encourage→inspire 2.句式拓展 改写同义句 原句：The competition not only highlighted the students’ artistic abilities but also encouraged them to develop their skills in design, composition and overall presentation. 拓展句：Not only did the competition highlight the students’ artistic abilities but also encourage them to develop their skills in design, composition and overall presentation. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The competition began with an opening address by the principle, who emphasized the significance of the event in fostering creativity, environmental awareness and a sense of aesthetic appreciation among students.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Each participant presented their unique and beautiful floral arrangements, incorporating various colors, shapes and textures to create stunning displays.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第二节（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two boys, Jack and Tom, have been inseparable since childhood, sharing laughter, tears, and countless adventures. Their friendship was like a big tree, rooted deep in the soil of their hearts, weathering every storm that came their way. As they grew older, Jack and Tom attended the same school, where they continued to grow up academically and socially. They were both extraordinary students, but it was their friendship that set them apart from others. They supported each other through thick and thin, always ready to lend a helping hand or a listening ear to each other. Sometime later, Jack’s family faced a severe financial crisis, forcing them to move away from their beloved town. The news broke Jack and Tom’s world, as they had never imagined a life without each other. However, they vowed (发誓) to remain in touch and promised to visit each other as often as they could. Over the years, Jack and Tom took different paths in life. Jack did excellent in his studies and eventually landed a very good job in a big city, while Tom pursued his passion for art and became a successful artist. Despite their busy schedules, they never forgot their promise and made sure to keep in touch through letters, phone calls, and occasional visits. One summer, Jack received terrible news—Tom had been diagnosed (诊断) with a rare cancer. Heartbroken, Jack immediately booked the first flight back to their hometown to be by his friend’s side. When he arrived, he found Tom weak and fragile (脆弱的), but his spirit remained unbroken. In the days of pain and uncertainty, Jack and Tom’s bond simply grew stronger. They spent hours recalling their childhood adventures, laughing at old jokes and sharing stories of their lives. Jack would read books to Tom, who would paint pictures inspired by their memories. Through their love and support for each other, they found strength to face the challenges that lay ahead. However, as the days turned into weeks, Tom’s condition worsened. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Learning about Tom’s terrible condition, Jack firmly quit his job in the city. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With Tom’s final wish buried in his heart, Jack returned to the city and found another job. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Learning about Tom’s terrible condition, Jack firmly quit his job in the city. He decided to look after Tom together with Tom’s families. Knowing what Jack had done, Tom was shocked, “Jack, you shouldn’t have quit your job just to attend to me.” “As your best friend, this is what I should do. I’ve made up my mind and nothing can change it!” Jack responded. Tom was moved to tears, “Thank you! But you must promise me you’ll spread our friendship to others after my death.” Jack nodded, tears streaming down his face. Several days later, Tom passed away. With Tom’s final wish buried in his heart, Jack returned to the city and found another job. He worked hard and achieved success. However, he always remembered the friendship with Tom. Whenever he had time, he visited Tom’s parents and offered them the necessary help. He kept Tom’s final wish in mind and made it his mission to spread the value of friendship to others, inspiring them to treasure their own friendships and create strong bonds. True friendship can span time and space, leaving a lasting mark on the hearts of those who have experienced it. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jack和Tom两个男孩从童年到成年的深厚友谊，以及面对人生变故和困难时如何相互扶持、共同面对的故事，展现了友谊的力量和真谛。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“得知Tom的糟糕状况后，Jack毅然决然地辞去了城里的工作。”以及第二段首句内容“带着Tom最后的遗愿，Jack回到了城市并找到了另一份工作。”可知，第一段可描写Tom得知Jack所做的一切，非常感动。两个好朋友共同度过了Tom人生中最后的时光。但是，Tom还是去世了。 ②由第二段首句内容“带着Tom最后的遗愿，Jack回到了城市并找到了另一份工作。”可知，第二段可描写Jack又找到一份工作，生活也开始走上正轨。Jack完成了Tom的遗愿，激励人们珍惜友谊。 2.续写线索：辞去工作——Jack非常感动——一起照顾Tom——离开人世——希望友谊传递——到城市找到工作——取得成功——经常看望Tom的父母——牢记Tom的遗愿 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①决定：decide/make a decision/determine ②照顾：look after/take care of ③回复：respond/reply ④激励：inspire/encourage 情绪类 ①震惊的：shocked/surprised/stunned ②感动的：moved/touched 【点睛】【高分句型1】As your best friend, this is what I should do.（运用了what引导的表语从句） 【高分句型2】Whenever he had time, he visited Tom’s parents and offered them the necessary help.（运用了whenever引导的状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$