Unit 5 What an adventure!-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（外研版2019）

Unit 5　What an adventure! 必修第三册 (主题语境：人与自然——探索大自然) 【话题词汇】 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识 自测落实 核心考点 互动探究 跟踪检测 运用提升 课时作业 巩固提升 基础知识 自测落实 单元词句背诵 ◆重点单词 五级词汇 ahead adv.在前面；向前面；提前 　ahead of 在……前面；早于 charge n. [U]主管，负责；[C]&[U]收费；[C]指控 vt. 向……收费；控告；给……充电 　be in charge of/take charge of 负责 　in/under sb.'s charge 由某人负责 　free of charge 免费 四级词汇 alcohol n. [U]酒，酒精；乙醇 　drink/consume alcohol 喝/饮酒 attempt n. [C]&[U]尝试，试图，努力 vt. 试图，尝试，企图 　make an attempt to do sth. 尝试做某事 　attempt to do sth. 尝试做某事 crowd n. [C]人群；民众；一群人 vt. 挤满，塞满(adj. crowded) vi. 聚集，涌进，蜂拥而至 failure n. [U]失败；[C]失败的人/事；[U]&[C]没做到；故障(v. fail) gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地 male n. [C]雄性动物；男子 adj. 雄性的；男的(反female) permit vt. [正式用语]许可，准许，允许 vi.& vt. (使)成为可能 psychologist n. [C]心理学家(n. psychology) relate vt. [正式用语]讲述；相联系，有关联 vt.& vi. (使)互有关联(related，relation，relative，relationship) vi. 理解，认同 relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到；能够理解并同情 resident n. [C]居民，住户；(美国的)住院医生 adj. (在某地)居住的 thus adv. [正式用语][句子副词]因此，从而(therefore)；如此 三级词汇 border n. [C]边界，国界，边境(地区)；边，边缘 vt. 与……接壤，与……毗邻 broad adj. 宽的，阔的；广泛的；概括性的 　in broad daylight 在大白天 　a broad smile 灿烂的笑容 carpet n. [C]&[U]地毯，毛毯 cloth n. [U]布，布料；[C](一块)布 confirm vt. 证实，证明；确认(安排、日期或情况) 　confirm＋(that)/wh-从句 确认…… 　confirm a booking/reservation 确认预订 cotton n. [U]棉布，棉纱，棉织物；棉花 　cotton wool 药棉，脱脂棉 distinguish vi.& vt. 看清；认出；使有别于 vt. 使杰出，使显出特色(adj. distinguished) 　distinguish...from 辨别……和…… injury n. [C]&[U](身体上的)伤；损害；[U](情感上的)伤害(v. injure) oxygen n. [U]氧气，氧 port n. [C]港，港口 servant n. [C]仆人，佣人 　a public servant 公务员 shore n. [C]&[U]岸，滨 surround vt. 围绕，环绕；围住；与……紧密相关 zone n. [C]区域，地区，地带 　comfort zone 舒适区，舒适范围 二级词汇 astonish vt. 使惊讶，使吃惊(astonishing，astonished，astonishment) beneath prep. [正式用语]在……正下方，在……之下 adv. 在下面，在底下 captain n. [C]船长；队长；陆军上尉；机长 chapter n. [C](文章、书等的)章节；(历史或人生的)重要篇章 consume vt. [正式用语]消耗，消费；吃，喝 depth n. [U]&[C]深(度)；深处；[U](知识)渊博，深刻；(感情)深厚 *fascinated adj. 被迷住的，被吸引住的；极感兴趣的 guideline n. [C][常用复数]指导方针，指导原则 *helmet n. [C]头盔，钢盔 initial adj. [只用于名词前]开始的，最初的；第一的；位于词首的 in the initial stages of 在……的初始阶段 league n. [C]里格(旧时长度单位，相当于3英里或3海里)；联盟；联合会，联赛 　the League of Nations 国际联盟 　a football league 足球联赛 liquid n. [U]液体，液态物 adj. 液体的，液态的 ray n. [C]光线，光束；(热、电等)射线 stretch vi.& vt. 延伸，绵延；(被)拉长；伸出；伸展 n. [C]&[U]延伸；连绵；伸长；伸展 wool n. [U]毛织物，羊毛；毛线 unaware adj. 未觉察到的，未意识到的 一级词汇 *atom n. [C]原子 　an atom bomb 原子弹 *bandage n. [C]绷带 vt. 用绷带包扎(bandage up) nut n. [C]坚果(仁)；果仁 　a hard/tough nut to crack 棘手的问题 rubber n. [U]橡胶，合成橡胶；[C]橡皮；黑板擦 *thrill n. [C]惊险，刺激；兴奋；令人激动/兴奋的事 vt.& vi. (使)极为激动/兴奋 bleeding n. [U]流血，失血 intensity n. [C]&[U](光、声等的)强度，烈度；[U]强烈，剧烈，紧张(adj. intense) *thermometer n. [C]温度计；寒暑表；体温计 wrinkled adj. 有皱褶的(v. & n. wrinkle) ◆背核心短语 1．good money大笔的钱 2．make money挣钱 3．succeed in doing sth.成功做某事 4．take one's life结束某人的性命 5．bring...into focus使……成为焦点 6．figure out理解；计算出 7．human nature人性 8．refer to...as...将……称为…… 9．leave an impression on/upon给……留下印象 10．account for是……的原因；解释；占……(比例) 11．in broad daylight在大白天 ◆背单元语块 1．at sea level在海平面上 2．lose one's life丧生 3．keep going坚持做(困难的事) 4．be unique to 是……所特有的 5．force sb. to do sth.迫使某人做某事 6．the majority of...大多数…… 7．with...in mind 考虑到…… 8．become a reality成为现实 9．ahead of its time 领先于它的时代 10．be fascinated by被……吸引 11．at a distance of在……远的地方 12．drive away 驱赶，驱走 13．pass through经过，穿过 14．at the depth of在……的深度 ◆句式表达 1．句式：the ＋序数词＋名词＋to do Vasco da Gama (1460－1524) was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea. 瓦斯科·达·伽马(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探险家，也是第一位乘船到达印度的欧洲人。 2．句式：现在分词短语作结果状语 Christopher Columbus (1451－1506) was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas, thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas. 克里斯托弗·哥伦布(1451－1506)是一位意大利探险家，他完成了从西班牙到美洲的航行，从而标志着欧洲人对美洲探险的开始。 3．句式：if引导主语从句 It is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma before it took his life. 目前尚不清楚他是否在遇难前成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰。 4．句式：续写佳句之动作描写(独立主格结构) Captain Nemo walked in front, one of his men following some steps behind. 尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个同伴跟在身后，距离他几步远。 5．句式：续写佳句之景色描写(完全倒装句) Above me was the calm surface of the sea. 在我之上是平静无波的海面。 6．句式：as if引导方式状语从句 Shall I be believed when I say that, at the depth of thirty feet, I could see as if I was in broad daylight? 当我说，在水下深三十英尺的地方，可以像在阳光下一样看得清楚，人们会相信我吗？ 单元基础默写 第一组　核心单词 1．____________ the theory 证实了这个理论 2．a desperate ____________ 孤注一掷 3．serious ____________ 重伤 4．take ____________ of the farm 掌管农场 5．look straight ____________ 直视前方 6．the warm sand ____________ her feet 她脚下暖暖的沙子 confirm attempt injury/injuries charge ahead beneath 第二组　拓展词汇 1．crowd n．人群→____________ adj.拥挤的，挤满的 2．fail v．失败→____________ n．失败 3．aware adj.意识到的→____________ n．意识，认识→____________ adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的 4．relate v．相联系，有关联；讲述→____________ adj.有联系的，相关的→____________ n．联系，关系 crowded failure awareness unaware related relation 5．astonish v．使吃惊，使惊讶→____________ adj.吃惊的，感到十分惊讶的→____________ adj.令人十分惊讶的→____________ n．惊讶，惊异 6．distinguish v．看清；认出→____________ adj.卓越的；著名的 7．gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的→____________ adv.逐渐地，逐步地 8．surround v．环绕，围绕→____________ adj.周围的，附近的→____________ n．环境 astonished astonishing astonishment distinguished gradually surrounding surroundings 9．deep adj.深的→____________ n．深，深度→____________ v．(使)变深，加深 10．broad adj.宽的，阔的→____________ v．变宽，变阔 depth deepen broaden 第三组　重点短语 1．________________ 大笔的钱 2．________________ 挣钱 3．____________________ 成功做某事 4．________________ 结束某人的性命，杀死某人 5．________________ 使……成为焦点 6．________________ 理解；计算出 7．________________ 人性 good money make money succeed in doing sth. take one's life bring...into focus figure out human nature 8．________________ 将……称为…… 9．__________________________ 给……留下印象 10．________________ 是……的原因；解释；占……(比例) 11．________________ 在大白天 refer to...as... leave an impression on/upon account for in broad daylight 第四组　课文佳句 1．Vasco da Gama (1460－1524) was a Portuguese explorer and ____________________________________________.瓦斯科·达·伽马(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探险家，也是第一位乘船到达印度的欧洲人。(the first＋名词＋to do) the first European to reach India by sea 2．Christopher Columbus (1451－1506) was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas, __________________________________________________________.克里斯托弗·哥伦布(1451－1506)是一名意大利探险家，他完成了从西班牙到美洲的航行，从而标志着欧洲人对美洲探险的开始。(现在分词短语作结果状语) thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas 3．It is still not known ________________________________ the top of Qomolangma before it took his life.目前尚不清楚他是否在遇难前成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰。(if引导主语从句) 4．______________________________________________________________________________________， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？大部分攀登珠穆朗玛峰的尝试都以完全的成功或彻底的失败结束。那么，在这样的冒险背后是否也有一个科学的原因呢？(with 复合结构) if he succeeded in reaching With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure 5．Conseil and I remained near each other, ______________________ __________________________________________.康塞尔和我彼此紧挨着，好像我们可以通过金属外壳交谈似的。(as if引导方式状语从句) as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．(2023·全国甲卷)The Socrates Express is a fun，sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and ____________ (gradual) pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. 2．(2023·浙江1月卷)During China's dynastic period，emperors planned the city of Beijing and arranged the ____________ (resident) areas according to social classes. gradually residential 3．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by café life. French cafés are always ____________ (crowd). 4．(2021·全国乙卷)One afternoon, while ____________ (attempt) to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack. 5．How you feel about yourself sometimes depends on whether or not you receive ____________ (confirm)of your value from others. crowded attempting confirmation Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1．The auto company ________________________________ (成功地研发) a type of new energy vehicle，having experienced countless failures. 2．The problem of garbage sorting ____________________________ (已经引起了关注) in big cities. succeeded in developing has been brought into focus 3．People who work in offices are usually ________________ (被称为) “white-collar workers”． 4．I can't ________________ (弄明白) what to do next, as I'm completely lost and have no idea where to start. 5．Susan works hard in the daytime and has a bad night's sleep, which ________________________________ (这就是她脸色苍白的原因). referred to as figure out accounts for her pale face Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1．在我的书房，靠墙放着一张书桌。 There ________________________ against the wall in my study. 2．他是一个总是吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。 He is always ____________________________________ and ________________________________． stood/stands a desk the first to bear hardships the last to enjoy comforts 3．中国修建了更多的高速公路，这使人们从一个地方到另一个地方旅行更容易了。 More highways have been built in China，________________________ ________________ to travel from one place to another. making it much easier for people 核心考点 互动探究 1.attempt n．努力，尝试 v．企图；尝试 ①(北师必修第三册U9)Active learners do not accept everything they learn. They attempt ____________ (find) the truth at the heart of each idea. ②(北师选必四U10)In the 1950s, an attempt was made by two scientists ____________ (prove) the theory mathematically; but after twenty years, they still had not had any success. to find to prove ③On the road to success, he failed ________________________ (第一次尝试) but he didn't give up, which led to the final success. ④________________________________________ (为了缓和紧张气氛), I suggest that we break off the conversation for lunch.(细节描写) at the first attempt In an attempt to ease the tension (1)make an attempt to do/(at) doing sth.试图做某事 at the first attempt 第一次尝试 in an attempt to do 为了做某事 (2)attempt to do sth.尝试/试图做某事 (3)attempted adj.未遂的 2.charge n．主管，负责；费用，价钱 v．收费；控告；使……承担责任 ①(人教选必四U1)Whoever is charged ____________ a crime should be presumed innocent until proven otherwise. ②If your card has been lost, a fee of ￡5 is charged ____________ the production of a replacement card. ③The programme can't be ________________________ (由他负责) because it is beyond his ability. with for in the charge of him ④作为学生会主席，我被委派负责安排你在北京逗留期间的所有活动。(告知信) →As chairman of the Student Union，I was appointed to ________________________________________ during your stay in Beijing. →As chairman of the Student Union，I was appointed to ________________________________________ during your stay in Beijing. take charge of arranging all the activities be in charge of arranging all the activities (1)in charge 主管；负责 in charge of 掌管；负责 in the charge of 在……掌管之下，由……负责 take charge of 掌管；负责 (2)free of charge 免费 (3)charge sb.for... 因……向某人收费 charge sb.with sth.控告某人某事 [名师点津]　有无定冠词the意义截然不同，常见的还有以下几组： (1)in control of 控制/in the control of 由……掌控 (2)in possession of 拥有/in the possession of 为……所有 (3)by sea 经海路/by the sea 在海边 3.permit v．(permitted; permitted; permitting)允许，准许，许可 n．执照；许可证；通行证 ①(2023·浙江1月卷)Citizens of higher social classes were permitted ____________ (live) closer to the center of the circles. ②The club's rules don't permit ____________ (smoke) in case it will ruin the atmosphere in the club. ③If you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your host's ____________ (permit). to live smoking permission ④If time permits, I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends, and this can promote our friendship. →_____________________________________________________________________________________________ (独立主格结构＋非限制性定语从句) Time permitting, I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends, which can promote our friendship. (1)permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 permit doing sth.允许做某事 (2)permission n．[U]允许；许可 without permission 未经允许 4.relate v．相联系，有关联；讲述 ①(2023·浙江1月卷)Over 28 states have passed laws ____________ (relate) to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. ②(译林选必二U3)Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate ____________ which diseases, as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention. ③(人教选必二U3)“You are what you eat.” Most people today relate this saying ____________ healthy eating. related to to ④The good ____________ (relate) between human beings and nature is one of the key aspects in building a harmonious society. ⑤(2021·全国甲卷)我们学校将要举行一次与中国传统文化有关的主题班会。我写信来寻求你宝贵的建议。(求助信) Our school is going to hold a theme class meeting __________________________________________. I'm writing to ask for your valuable advice. relation that is related to traditional Chinese culture (1)relate...to...把……和……联系在一起 relate to 涉及，与…相关，谈到；能够理解并同情 relate sth.to sb.向某人叙述/讲述某事 (2)related adj.相关的；有(亲属)关系的 be related to...和……有关的；和……有联系的 (3)relation n．关系 in/with relation to关于；与……相比 5.distinguish v．看清；认出；区分；辨别；使杰出；使显出特色 ①(2021·浙江卷)Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish ____________ happy and angry human faces, according to a new study. ②(译林选必一U4)Equally impressive is Li Bai's free expression of strong feelings, which distinguishes him ____________ other landscape poets. between from ③剪纸作为一种传统的艺术形式而出名，在中国很流行。(传统文化) Paper-cutting ________________________________________，which is very popular in China. is distinguished as a traditional art form (1)distinguish between...and...区分……和…… distinguish...from...把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself as/to be...作为……而出名 (2)distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished for/as...因/作为……而出名 6.surround v．环绕，围绕 ①(2023·浙江1月卷)In the Ming Dynasty，the center was the Forbidden City，____________ (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The meat should be fresh with a touch of sweetness，and the ____________ (surround) soup hot，clear and delicious. surrounded surrounding ③(人教选必二U2)Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new ____________ (surround). ④绿树掩映，这个农场坐落于我们学校附近的山脚下。一条小河曲曲折折穿行其中。(景色描写) ________________________________________，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school. There is a small river flowing through the farm. surroundings Surrounded by/with green trees (1)surround...with...用……包围/围绕…… be surrounded by/with...被……包围 (2)surrounding adj.周围的；附近的 surroundings n．环境(通常用复数形式) in...surroundings 在……环境之中 7.现在分词(短语)作结果状语 [教材原句]　Christopher Columbus (1451－1506) was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas, thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas.克里斯托弗·哥伦布(1451－1506)是一名意大利探险家，他完成了从西班牙到美洲的航行，标志着欧洲人对美洲探险的开始。 ①(译林必修第三册U4)She completed further training courses in traditional Chinese medicine, ____________(acquire) a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. ②We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting, only ________________ (tell) that the plane would be delayed until midnight. acquiring to be told ③First of all, I speak English fluently. It allows me to communicate with visitors without difficulty.(申请信) →First of all, I speak English fluently, __________________________ ____________________________________．(分词短语作状语) allowing me to communicate with visitors without difficulty (1)现在分词作结果状语表示意料之中、自然而然的结果，分词前可加thus以示强调。 (2)不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料或不好的结果，其前常加only表示强调。 8.as if/as though 引导方式状语从句 [教材原句]　Conseil and I remained near each other, as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases.康塞尔和我彼此紧挨着，好像我们可以通过金属外壳交谈似的。 ①(外研选必一U2)I who am blind can give one hint to those who see: Use your eyes as if tomorrow you ____________ (be) stricken blind. ②It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I ____________ (do) it? would be had done ③(译林选必一U2)When the two lovers, Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, first meet, the music is light and pleasant, as if ____________(whisper) to the audience. ④在明亮的阳光下，湖面看起来好像点缀着闪闪发光的钻石。(景色描写) In the bright sunlight, the surface of the lake looks ________________________ shining diamonds. whispering as if it were dotted with (1)如果从句表述的情况是真实的或极有可能发生，从句谓语用陈述语气； (2)如果从句表述的情况不是事实或极少可能发生，从句谓语用虚拟语气，形式如下： 与现在事实相反：did/were 与过去事实相反：had done 与将来事实相反：would/could/might＋do (3)如果as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句的主语和be动词，后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语等。 跟踪检测 运用提升 层级一 过基础　核心知识精准练 维度1　单句语法填空 1．(2023·全国甲卷)There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its ____________ (surround). 2．(2023·浙江1月卷)____________ (initial)，I attended a lecture on the flower project. The lecturer asked us to write a review on it. surroundings Initially 3．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Once there，Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital，where she learned that she had serious ____________ (injury) in one of her knees. 4．(2021·天津3月卷)____________ (fascinate) by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy. injuries Fascinated 5．(北师必修第三册U8)According to the World Health Organisation, 2.4 million people die annually from causes directly ____________ (relate) to air pollution. 6．She is ____________ (distinguish) as a psychologist，who offers frequent help to those teenagers in trouble. 7．It has been confirmed that the man ____________ (charge) with stealing the car was taken to the police. related distinguished charged 8．The president turned up at the party last night, ____________ (confirm) that he had recovered from his illness. 9．The importance of environmental protection was brought ____________ focus after his passionate speech. 10．Before the emergency can be controlled, no one will be permitted ____________ (leave) the community without ____________ (permit). confirming into to leave permission 维度2　熟词生义 1．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago，but they record moments we can all relate to.________ A．涉及；与……相关　 B．理解　　　　 C．谈到 B 2．(2023·全国甲卷)Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.________ A．费用，收费 B．冲锋，猛冲 C．控告，指控 B 3．(2023·浙江1月卷)I followed beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.________ A．伸展，伸懒腰 B．持续的一段时间 C．一片，一段 C 维度3　完成句子 1．路两边都是一排排的果树。(完全倒装句) ________________________________ rows of fruit trees. 2．这个消息震惊了公众，引发了人们对在校学生安全的极大担忧。(分词短语作结果状语) The news shocked the public, ________________________________ students' safety at school. On either side of the road are leading to great concern about 3．李华是我们学校第一个被清华大学录取的学生。 (动词不定式短语作后置定语) Li Hua was ________________________________________ Tsinghua University in our school. the first student to be admitted into 4．令我恼火的是，她犯了错还装作若无其事。(as if引导方式状语从句) What annoyed me was that she made a mistake but still acted ________________________________． 5．我们是否要去秋游还没有定下来。(if引导主语从句) It hasn't been decided ________________________________. as if nothing had happened if we'll go for an autumn outing 层级二 提能力　必备素养提升练 提能1　应用文写作 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Last week, I climbed a mountain with some good friends. Though the process of climbing the mountain 1.__________________________ _________________ (消耗了我们很多体力), on seeing 2._________________________________________ [山顶流云环绕(过 consumed a lot of our physical strength the mountain top surrounded by floating clouds 去分词短语作定语)], we 3.____________________________________ (被美景迷住了) before us. Just as we 4.__________________________ ___________ (惊叹于大自然的美), Zhang Hua fell down by accident. After cleaning the wound on her hand with alcohol and stopping the bleeding with plaster, we found that 5.___________________________ ______________________ (几次尝试站起来都以失败告终). Then, a medical student found that there was an injury to her ankle after careful examination, but 6.___________________________________________ ______ (确认休息两天就能恢复). Thus, we took turns to help her down the mountain. Recalling what happened that day, I realize that safety is the most important thing. were fascinated by the beautiful scenery were astonished at the beauty of nature her several attempts to rise to her feet ended in failure confirmed that she could recover after two days of rest 提能2　读后续写微练 Step 1　储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 心理描写 fascinated adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的 astonish v．使吃惊，使惊讶→astonishment n．惊讶 thrill n．惊险，刺激 unaware adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的 动作描写 confirm v．证实，证明 consume v．消耗 distinguish v．看清；认出 bleeding n．流血，失血→bleed v．流血 injury n．伤，损害→injure vt.伤害；使受伤→injured adj.受伤的 permit v．允许，准许，许可 surround v．环绕，围绕 attempt n．努力，尝试 v．努力，尝试 failure n．失败→fail v．失败 crowd n．人群 v．涌入(脑海)；拥挤 人物描写 charge n．主管，负责 captain n．船长 wrinkled adj.有皱褶的 Step 2　续写练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段) 请从以上词汇中选择合适的词汇，完成下面语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 被周围的美景迷住，蒂姆没有意识到即将到来的危险。一个醉酒的司机把他撞倒，使他受了重伤。他的腿碰破流血了。一群人开始围住他看发生了什么事，他们惊讶地张大了嘴注视着。就在那时，玛丽学过的急救方法涌入了她的脑海，她用绷带包扎伤口去止血。她及时的帮助对蒂姆的幸存起到了重大的作用。这一事件使玛丽坚定了将来成为一名医生的决心。 1．________________________________，Tim 2.____________ _________________________. A drunk driver knocked him down, 3.__________________________________．His legs split and bled. 4._____________________________________________ to see what was happening. They 5.________________________， open-mouthed. It was then that the first-aid knowledge Mary learned 6._____________ ____________. She covered the wound with a bandage to stop bleeding. Her timely help made a great difference to Tim's survival. The incident confirmed Mary in her decision to become a doctor in the future. Fascinated by surrounding scenery was unaware of the approaching danger making him badly injured A crowd of people started to surround him watched in astonishment crowded into her mind 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·广东六校联考)The idea of climbing Mt.Qomolangma disgusted me.The mountain came to represent the opposite of everything that I loved and respected about climbing.What had once been the final mountain climbing goal became the focus of a commercial guiding industry.Over the years，the crowds at Base Camp grew，leaving behind tons of trash.Whenever I was asked whether I'd climb Mt.Qomolangma，my answer was always the same：not interested. That was probably where my personal Mt.Qomolangma story would have ended，were it not for an old friend and his obsession(迷恋)with one of the greatest mysteries.In 1999，Thom Pollard began to explore and found the remains of George Mallory，the celebrated British climber who disappeared while he was attempting to be the first to climb Mt.Qomolangma.But Mallory's partner，Sandy Irvine，and the camera he had likely carried，were not found.The mountain climbing world has been wondering whether they might have reached the top in 1924. Pollard's story moved me.I began to pack for the climb and expected that our advanced equipment would make it manageable，perhaps easy.I was wrong.On the highest point on the planet，I was more tired than I'd ever been in any climbing.Along the way，I continuously tipped my hat，not just to Mallory and Irvine but to anyone who has the drive to push himself or herself up this route.My search was in vain，but I began to reconsider Mt.Qomolangma. I witnessed many climbers，who were much more than just self-centered tourists.We shared route information，weather forecasts，and family photos—all united around a common goal. I went to Mt.Qomolangma to seek Irvine.But in the end，I found something more difficult to get：the spirit that Irvine and Mallory shared.It was hiding in plain sight, right where it has always been：inside the brave souls who risk so much to follow in storied adventurers' footsteps up Mt.Qomolangma. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在Thom Pollard的激励下，作者开始攀登珠穆朗玛峰，但他发现这要比他想象中难。在攀登的过程中，作者感悟到了更重要的东西，并对那些冒着巨大风险追随传奇探险家的脚步而攀登珠穆朗玛峰的勇敢攀登者表达了钦佩之情。 2 3 1 4 1．What is the main reason why the author hated climbing Mt.Qomolangma? A．He changed his climbing goal. B．Mt.Qomolangma was seriously polluted by trash. C．Mt.Qomolangma became an industry to make money. D．The mountain was too crowded with climbers. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“What had once been the final mountain climbing goal became the focus of a commercial guiding industry.”可知，曾经的最终登山目标成了商业向导行业的焦点。由此可知，作者讨厌攀登珠穆朗玛峰是因为它变成了一个赚钱的行业。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 2．Why did the author climb Mt.Qomolangma later? A．Because he desired to challenge himself. B．Because he got motivated by Thom Pollard. C．Because his old friend persuaded him to climb again. D．Because he wanted to follow in the footsteps of Mallory and Irvine. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Pollard's story moved me.”可知，Pollard的故事打动了作者。由此可知，作者后来攀登珠穆朗玛峰是受到了Thom Pollard的激励。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 3．What does the underlined phrase “tipped my hat” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Expressed my gratitude. B．Proved my determination. C．Relieved the tiredness. D．Showed my respect. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“I began to pack for the ...in any climbing.”可知，作者本来以为先进的登山设备可以使攀登珠穆朗玛峰变得容易，但是事实证明，作者错了。在地球的最高点，作者感觉攀登珠穆朗玛峰比以往任何一次攀登都要累。再根据画线词后的“not just to Mallory and Irvine but to anyone who has the drive to push himself or herself up this route”可知，此处表示在攀登的过程中，作者一直在向Mallory、Irvine和所有有动力推动自己走上这条路的人致敬。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Admiration for the climbers. B．Concern about the risk. C．Confidence in the journey. D．Hope for Mt.Qomolangma's future. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“It was hiding ...footsteps up Mt.Qomolangma.”可知，Irvine、Mallory所分享的这种精神隐藏在显而易见的地方，就在它一直存在的地方：在那些冒着巨大风险追随传奇探险家的脚步而攀登珠穆朗玛峰的勇敢灵魂里。由此可推断，作者在最后对那些冒着巨大风险追随传奇探险家的脚步而攀登珠穆朗玛峰的勇敢攀登者表达了钦佩之情。故选A项。 B (2023·浙江嘉兴测试)Some penguins (企鹅) adapt their calls to become more similar to their partners over time，an ability that was previously known in only a few species，including humans. Luigi Baciadonna at the University of Turin，Italy，and his coworkers recorded African penguins from three different colonies (群体) over three years，and also observed the behavioral patterns of one of the colonies to see which penguins were partners or friends. They then analyzed specific vocal (嗓音的) calls，which the penguins made when they were alone or trying to keep track of their friends.They compared four distinct vocal signatures such as the frequency of the calls.The signatures became more similar over time for penguins that were partners or in the same colony，and for penguins that heard more of each other's calls. This adaptation could make it easier for penguins to find their partners and friends in a colony.“Imagine that you are in a pub，you are with your friends and your environment is quite noisy，”says Baciadonna.“What you do is try to talk in a certain way so that your communication is more effective.” The ability to adapt calls in response to the environment，known as vocal accommodation，is a key part of vocal learning，a more complex set of skills such as producing new sounds through learning.Identifying which species display vocal accommodation could provide clues to how vocal learning developed.Baciadonna and his team also propose that this accommodation could help with group harmony and social bonds between individual penguins. The distance of penguins from humans on the evolutionary tree suggests that vocal accommodation could be common to many species，but a lot more data needs gathering first.“There could be a huge variety of different species that are able to adapt their calls slightly，but we don't know that yet，”says Sara Torres Ortiz at the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。随着时间的推移，一些企鹅会调整它们的叫声，使之与它们的伴侣更加相似，这种能力以前只在包括人类在内的少数物种中被发现，而现在研究人员认为可能许多物种都具有声音调整能力。 5 6 7 8 5．What does the underlined word “signatures”mean in paragraph 3? A.Effects.　　　　　 B．Characteristics. C．Sources. D．Adjustments. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 词义猜测题。本段中的specific vocal calls和compared four distinct vocal以及such as the frequency of the calls是解题的关键，语境为他们分析了企鹅在独处或试图与朋友保持联系时发出的特定叫声，他们比较了四种不同的声音特征，如叫声的频率。故B项正确。 5 6 7 8 6．What is the intention of the quotes from Baciadonna in paragraph 4? A．To explain the reason why penguins adapt their calls. B．To highlight the role communication plays in social life. C．To prove humans' ability to recognize each other's voices. D．To stress the difference between human and animal sounds. 答案：A 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第四段内容尤其是第一句话“This adaptation could make it easier for penguins to find their partners and friends in a colony.”可知，引用Baciadonna的话的目的是解释企鹅调整自己的叫声是为了更容易地在一个群体中找到它们的伴侣和朋友，故A项正确。且第一句中的adaptation与A项中的adapt相呼应。 5 6 7 8 7．What remains to be explored according to Sara Torres Ortiz? A．Whether penguins can promote group harmony. B．Whether all species can adapt to the environment. C．Whether more species display vocal accommodation. D．Whether penguins and humans are similar in vocal learning. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据最后一段Sara Torres Ortiz所说“There could be a huge ...but we don't know that yet”可知，Sara Torres Ortiz认为，可能还有很多物种能够轻微地调整它们的叫声，只是我们还不知道，所以有待我们去探索，故C项正确。 5 6 7 8 8．What is the main idea of the text? A．Vocal learning involves a complex set of skills. B．Vocal accommodation helps build up social bonds. C．Penguins produce similar sounds even in different colonies. D．Penguins adapt their accents to sound more like their partners. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，此篇文章主要讲述了企鹅可以调整自己的声音以便与它们的伴侣更加相似，最后说明声音的调整可能发生在很多其他物种身上，故D项正确。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2023·湖北武汉联考)At the age of 41，I finally got to live my childhood dream. I got to spend an entire 1 alone at an airport. I was 2 by mere minutes. The next plane wouldn't be 3 until early the next morning. I took advantage of my “extra vacation time” and made my own 4 . First，I passed through the rotunda (圆形大厅)，which I had 5 through many times before without ever truly looking at it.Then，I found a fashion 6 made by students and spent my time appreciating their 7 and hard work. Late，I was 8 by a full-size copy of a large brontosaurus (雷龙).You wonder what that brontosaurus might have been thinking about before it 9 and how it might have felt about living in an airport. You wonder what the 10 might look like in the future. I waved to all the security cameras，hoping that there was someone 11 on the other side，having a good laugh. I 12 my airport adventure that night.I thought little of the posts when my flight took off. By the time my plane 13 ，they were going viral.As a writer，I would have 14 this to make me happy. But I began to feel a deep sadness.Has everyone grown entirely 15 to the beauty all around us? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因错过航班而独自待在机场过夜的一次经历。作者把这个晚上当作一次冒险经历，并在此期间发现了之前从未发现的美。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1．A.weekend B．night C．day D．decade 答案：B 根据下文的“The next plane ...the next morning.”和语境可知，作者在机场过夜了。下文中的adventure that night亦是提示，故选B。 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 13 14 15 2．A.disappointed B．amused C．early D．late 答案：D 根据语境和常识可知，此处是指作者迟到了几分钟，错过了航班。故选D。 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 13 14 15 3．A.arriving B．missing C．delaying D．waiting 答案：A 根据语境和常识可知，此处是指下一班飞机第二天一大早才到达。故选A。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 4．A.attempt B．decision C．adventure D．journey 答案：C 根据语境尤其是下文的“I 12 my airport adventure that night.”可知，作者把这次因错过航班而独自待在机场的这个晚上当作一次冒险经历。故选C。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 5．A.wandered B．cycled C．rushed D．struggled 答案：C 根据语境和下文的without ever truly looking at it可知，以前，作者经过圆形大厅时都是匆匆而过。故选C。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 6．A.trend B．display C．collection D．decoration 答案：B 根据语境可知，此处是指机场大厅里有学生制作的时尚展览。故选B。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 7．A.generosity B．distribution C．admiration D．talent 答案：D 根据语境和常识可知，此处是指作者花时间欣赏学生制作的时尚展览，这些展览展示的是他们的才华和努力。故选D。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 8．A.greeted B．provided C．troubled D．served 答案：A 根据下文的a full-size copy of a large brontosaurus可知，作者在机场闲逛，随之映入作者眼帘的是一个雷龙的复制品。greet“映入……的眼帘”。故选A。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 9．A.accumulated B．vanished C．died D．appeared 答案：C 析语境：根据上文的“what that brontosaurus might have been thinking about”和常识可知，作者见到雷龙复制品后产生了无限遐想→做推断：你会好奇雷龙在死亡之前会想什么→定答案：accumulate“积累”，vanish“突然消失”，die“死亡”，appear“出现”。故选C。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 10．A.brontosaurus B．airport C．human D．world 答案：D 根据上文的“You wonder what that brontosaurus might have been thinking about before it 9 and how it might have felt about living in an airport.”可知，此处表示你想知道未来世界是什么样子。故选D。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 11．A.watching B．trembling C．investigating D．blessing 答案：A 根据上文的the security cameras可知，此处是指希望监控摄像机外有人在观看。故选A。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 12．A.demonstrated B．copied C．posted D．appreciated 答案：C 根据下文的“I thought little of the posts when my flight took off.”可知，作者把那晚在机场的经历发布了出去。故选C。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 13．A.gave off B．touched down C．picked up D．broke through 答案：B 根据上文的when my flight took off可推知，此处是指作者的飞机降落着陆的时候。touch down“着陆”。故选B。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 14．A.preferred B．inspired C．recommended D．expected 答案：D 根据语境和空后一句可知，作者作为写这些帖子的人原本期待这能让他快乐。故选D。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 15．A.blind B．accustomed C．addicted D．related 答案：A 根据上文的“I began to feel a deep sadness”和作者此次的经历可知，作者在感叹人们对周围的美视而不见。blind“视而不见的；没有觉察到的”。 $$