Unit 1 Food for thought-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（外研版2019）

Unit 1　Food for thought 必修第二册 (主题语境：人与自我——多元饮食文化和健康的饮食习惯) 【话题词汇】 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识 自测落实 核心考点 互动探究 跟踪检测 运用提升 课时作业 巩固提升 基础知识 自测落实 单元词句背诵 ◆重点单词 五级词汇 attack vt.(疾病、虫、化学物等)侵袭，侵蚀；抨击 vt.& vi. 攻击，进攻 n. [C]&[U]攻击，进攻；抨击；[C](疾病等)侵袭，发作 　attacks against/on 对……的袭击 　under attack 遭受攻击 diet n. [C]&[U]日常饮食，日常食物；[C](为健康或减肥的)规定饮食 vi. 节食，按规定进食 　be/go on a diet 节食 opinion n. [C]意见，看法，主张(view) 　in my opinion 在我看来 suffer vi.& vt. 身体或精神上受苦，患(病)；遭受(困难等) vi. 变差，变糟 　suffer from 受……之苦；患……病；忍受；遭受 within prep. 在……里；不超过 四级词汇 belong vi. 属于；应在(某处) 　belong to 属于；是……的成员；应归入 construction n. [U]建造，建筑，建设；[C][正式用语]建筑物，构造物(v. construct) 　under construction 在建设中 convenient adj. 便利的，方便的；就近的；近便的(n. convenience) 　it is convenient (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)方便做某事 custom n. [C]&[U]风俗，习惯，传统；[用单数][正式用语](个人的)日常习惯(habit) function n. [C]&[U](事物的)功能/机能；(人的)作用/职责 vi. 正常工作，运转，起作用 gather vi.& vt. (使)聚集，(使)聚拢 vt. [正式用语]收(庄稼等)；搜集；采集(collect) handle n. [C]柄，把手 vt. (用手)触，拿，搬动；处理，应付 vt.& vi. 操纵，驾驭 manner n. [复数]礼貌，礼仪；[常用单数][正式用语]方式，方法；[常用单数]举止，态度 　table manners 餐桌礼仪 　good manners 有礼貌 　in a...manner 用……的方式/态度 marriage n. [C]结婚，婚姻，婚礼；[U]婚姻生活(v. marry) official n. [C]官员，高级职员 adj. [只用于名词前]公职的，公务的；[常用于名词前]官方的，正式的(n. office) 　a government official 政府官员 recommend vt. 推荐，介绍；劝告，建议(n. recommendation) 　recommend sb. to do sth. 劝告/建议某人做某事 　recommend doing sth. 建议做某事 　recommend (that)...(should) do sth. 建议……(应该)做某事 　recommend sb./sth. to sb. 把某人/某物推荐给某人 related adj. 相关的，有关系的(relate，relation，relationship，relative) 　(be) related to 与……有关 slightly adv. 略微，稍微 sort n. [C]种，类(type/kind) vt. 把……分类；整理 　sort of 有几分，有点 　sort out (from) (从……中)挑选出，整理，处理 symbol n. [C]象征，标志；符号(adj. symbolic) tip n. [C]指点，建议；梢，末端；小费 vt. 给……小费 trick n. [C][常用单数]诀窍，技巧，技法；诡计；把戏 vt. 欺骗，哄骗 　play tricks on 捉弄 typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的；平常的(normal)(adv. typically) 　be typical of 是……的特点 wedding n. [C]婚礼；结婚纪念日 　arrange/attend/have a wedding 筹备/参加/举行婚礼 三级词汇 adapt vt.& vi. (使)适应，(使)适合(adjust) vt. [常用于被动语态]改编，改写 　adapt to 适应 bite n. [C]咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤(bit，bitten) vt.& vi. 咬，叮，咬伤 bitter adj. (味道)苦的，有苦味的；[常用于名词前]令人不快的，由痛苦引起的；(天气)严寒的 dare modal v. [接不带to的不定式；多用于条件句、疑问句、否定句]胆敢，敢于；竟敢 vt. 激；谅 vi. [通常不用于进行时]敢于，胆敢 　dare (to) do sth. 敢于做某事 differ vi. 不同，不一样，有区别(vary)；不同意，意见不合(disagree) 　differ from 不同于 identify vt. 确定，发现；认出，识别 lifestyle n. [C]生活方式 　a comfortable/healthy lifestyle 一种舒适的/健康的生活方式 plate n. [C]盘，碟；一盘(食物) poison n. [C]&[U]毒物，毒药，毒素 vt. 毒死，毒害 satisfying adj. 令人高兴的，令人满意的(satisfy，satisfied，satisfaction) 　a satisfying meal 可口的饭菜 *someday adv. 将来会有一天，有朝一日(some day) swing (swung，swung) vt.& vi. (使)摇摆，(使)(前后)摆动，挥动 n. [C]摇摆；晃动；秋千 　no room to swing a cat 没有活动的余地，连转身都难 二级词汇 blog n. [C](计算机)博客，网络日志 vi. 写博客，写网络日志 breast n. [C]&[U](禽类的)胸脯肉；[C]胸(脯)；乳房 　beat one's breast 捶胸顿足 butter n. [U]黄油，牛油 download vt.& vi. 下载(信息或程序) n. [C]下载；已下载的数据资料 horrible adj. [非正式用语]极讨厌的，糟糕的；可怕的，恐怖的 originally adv. 最初，原先(origin，original) ranking n. [C]排名，排行(v. rank) resist vt.& vi. [通常用于否定句]忍住，按捺；抗拒(n. resistance；近oppose) 　resist doing sth. 忍住不做某事/抗拒做某事 salty adj. 咸的，含盐的 super adj. 极好的，了不起的 adv. [非正式用语]特别，格外 toast n. [U]烤面包(片)，吐司；[C]祝酒，干杯 vt. 烤，烘(面包等)；为……举杯敬酒，为……干杯 一级词汇 acid n. [C]&[U]酸(一种化学物质) adj. 酸的，酸性的 addict n. [C]对……着迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人(addicted，addiction) 　a TV/football/video game addict 电视迷/足球迷/电子游戏迷 bakery n. [C]面包/糕饼店，面包/糕饼烘房 butcher n. [C]肉贩，屠夫 vt. 屠宰，屠杀 chef n. [C]厨师；主厨；厨师长 china n. [U]瓷，瓷料 　a piece of china 一件瓷器 cuisine n. [C]&[U]菜肴；烹调法；烹饪(法) *homemade adj. 自制的，家里做的 incredibly adv. [非正式用语]极端地，非常地；[句子副词]难以置信地 recipe n. [C]食谱，烹饪法；秘诀 reconstruct vt. 重建，再建 roast n. [C]大块烤肉 vt.& vi. 烤，烘 adj. [只用于名词前]烤好的，烤制的 　Beijing roast duck 北京烤鸭 sausage n. [C]&[U]香肠；腊肠 sour adj. 酸(味)的 *spicy adj. 辛辣的，(食物)加有香料的 *tender adj. (食物)嫩的，软的(反tough)；和善的，温柔的；纤弱的 (delicate) *vegetarian adj. (全是)蔬菜的，没有肉类的 n. [C]素食者 ◆背核心短语 1．take to (尤指短时间内)喜欢上；养成(做)……的习惯 2．suffer from患……病；受……折磨 3．come across (偶然)遇见；碰见 4．remind sb. of...使某人想起…… 5．feel at home with和……在一起感到很自在 6．in case以防万一 7．put...to the test使……受考验；使……受检验 8．belong to属于 9．end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来 10．catch up打听(不在时所发生的事情)，别后叙谈 11．bring up抚养 12．pick up买，购买 ◆背单元语块 1．a knife and fork 一副刀叉 2．have sweet memories of 对……有美好的回忆 3．be shocked at 对……感到震惊 4．pull at one's ears 扯某人的耳朵 5．traditional Chinese medicine 传统中医 6．gather one's courage to do sth. 鼓起勇气做某事 7．take/have a bite 咬一口 8．right now 现在；立即；马上 9．give sb. a chance to do 给某人一个做某事的机会 10．make a choice 做出选择 11．more or less 几乎，差不多 12．work full-time 做全职工作 13．fresh fruit and vegetables 新鲜水果和蔬菜 14．make the most of 最大限度地利用 ◆句式表达 1．句式：现在分词短语作状语 Growing up in England with a British father and a Chinese mother, I've enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork—and chopsticks! 我在英格兰长大，我的父亲是英国人，母亲是中国人。从学会使用刀叉和筷子以来，我就一直享用着来自这两个国家的美食！ 2．句式：as引导原因状语从句 We all love roast beef and vegetables，but Mum says we'd better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies, according to traditional Chinese medicine. 我们都喜欢烤牛肉和蔬菜，但妈妈说根据中医的说法，我们最好不要吃太多的烤制食物，因为它可能会导致我们的体内上火。 3．句式：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级 To me, there's nothing better than a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup! 对我来说，没有什么比由英式饼干和装在精致瓷杯里的中国乌龙茶组成的跨文化下午茶更好了！ 4．句式：each time引导时间状语从句 The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them. 每次我们喝软饮料的时候，软饮料中的糖会形成酸，会侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。 5．句式：not/no...without I guess I've always been a big meat eater and in this house, no family meal is complete without some form of meat. 我想我一直都是个肉食动物，在这个家里，没有肉的家庭餐是不完整的。 单元基础默写 第一组　核心单词 1．a ceremony 结婚典礼 2．like the same of music 喜欢同种类型的音乐 3．a meal 一顿美餐 4． all my courage 鼓起了我所有的勇气 5．take a 咬了一口 6．the chemical for copper 铜的化学符号 wedding　 sort　 super　 gather　 bite　 symbol　 7．ask for sb.'s 征询某人的意见 8．perform a 发挥功能 9．have a healthy and balanced 拥有健康均衡的饮食 10．learning on grammar 语法学习建议 11．an ancient 古老的习俗 12．good 有礼貌 13．the of making cakes 做蛋糕的诀窍 14．a personal 人身攻击 opinion function　 diet　 tips　 custom　 manners　 trick attack 第二组　拓展词汇 1．marry vt.嫁，娶，与……结婚 vi.结婚→ n．婚姻 2．typical adj.典型的，有代表性的→ adv.典型地；独特地；具有代表性地 3．suffer v．(身体或精神上)受苦→ n．痛苦，苦难 4．relate v．使有联系，涉及→ adj.有关系的，相关的→ n．关系，联系；亲属 marriage　 typically　 suffering　 related　 relation 5．addict n．对……着迷的人→ n.瘾→ adj.对……上瘾的→ adj.使人上瘾的 6．differ v．不同，不一样，有区别→ n．差异，不同→ adj.不同的 7．slight adj.轻微的，少量的→ adv.略微，稍微 8．belong v．属于→ n．所有物 addiction　 addicted　 addictive　 difference　 different　 slightly　 belonging 9．satisfy v．使满意→ adj.满意的→ adj.令人高兴的，令人满意的→ n．满意 10．convenient adj.方便的，便利的→ n．方便，便利→ adj.不方便的 11．identify v．确定，发现→ n．鉴定；确认；身份证明→ n．身份；特征→ adj.完全同样的，同一的 satisfied 　satisfying 　satisfaction　 convenience　 inconvenient identification　 identity　 identical 12．origin n．起源，开端→ v．发源，发端于→ adj.原先的，最初的→ adv.原先，最初 13．resist v．忍住，按捺→ n．抵抗，反抗→_________ adj.有抵抗力的；抵制的 14．adapt v．(使)适应，(使)适合→ n．适应；改编本→ adj.有适应能力的，能适应的 originate　 original　 originally　 resistance 　resistant　 adaptation　 adaptable 第三组　重点短语 1． (尤指短时间内)喜欢上；养成(做)……的习惯 2． 患……病；受……折磨 3． (偶然)遇见；碰见 4． 使某人想起…… 5． 和……在一起感到很自在 6． 以防万一 take to　 suffer from　 come across　 remind sb.of...　 feel at home with in case　 7． 使……受考验；使……受检验 8． 属于 9． (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来 10． 打听(不在时所发生的事情)，别后叙谈 11． 买，购买 12． 抚养 put...to the test　 belong to　 end up catch up　 pick up　 bring up 第四组　课文佳句 1． with a British father and a Chinese mother, I've enjoyed food from both countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork—and chopsticks！我在英格兰长大，我的父亲是英国人，母亲是中国人。从学会使用刀叉和筷子以来，我就一直享用着来自这两个国家的美食！(分词作状语) Growing up in England 2．We all love roast beef and vegetables，but Mum says we'd better not eat too much roast food , according to traditional Chinese medicine.我们都喜欢烤牛肉和蔬菜，但妈妈说根据中医的说法，我们最好不要吃太多的烤制食物，因为它可能会导致我们的体内上火。(as引导原因状语从句) as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies 3．To me, there's a cross-cultural afternoon tea of English biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup！对我来说，没有什么比由英式饼干和装在精致瓷杯里的中国乌龙茶组成的跨文化下午茶更好了！(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级) nothing better than 4．The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes .每次我们喝软饮料的时候，软饮料中的糖会形成酸，会侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。(each time引导时间状语从句) 5．I guess I've always been a big meat eater and in this house, _______________________________some form of meat.我想我一直都是个肉食动物，在这个家里，没有肉的家庭餐是不完整的。(not/no...without) each time we drink them no family meal is complete without 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．(2023·全国甲卷)If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites，grizzlies will (typical) pass by without trouble. 2．(2023·全国乙卷)According to a new study from market analysts，1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try (differ) food. typically　 different　 3．(2022·全国甲卷)Knowing some (tip) will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. 4．(2021·全国乙卷)All these stadiums are still (function), still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. 5．(2021·天津3月卷)Things are connected. Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all (relate) areas. tips　 functional　 related Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1．At first, Alice didn't study well in our class, but she ______________ (最终名列前茅) in our class with great efforts. 2．Though he __________________________ (遇到很多困难) on his way to becoming a doctor, he never gave up his dream. 3．The twins were separated at birth and __________ (养大) in entirely different environments. ended up topping　 came across many difficulties　 brought up　 4．The house，which was broken into last night，_________________ (属于我的姐姐), but she doesn't live there any more. 5．Careers officers maintain contact with young people when they have left school _____________________________ (以防他们在找工作时需要帮助). belongs to my sister　 in case they need help in job-hunt Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1．四处找了好一阵子，我终于在角落里看到了那只走丢的小狗。 ______________________________， I saw the missing little dog in the corner finally. 2．我每次去北京，都会去参观长城。 _________________________， I would visit the Great Wall. 3．对我来说，周末的时候，没有什么比去户外散步更好的了。 To me, there is __________________ an outing walk/walking outdoors at weekends. Looking around for quite a while　 Each time I went to Beijing　 nothing better than 核心考点 互动探究 1.suffer v．(身体或精神上)受苦；经受，遭受(坏事)；忍受 ①(人教选必二U2)Some may struggle and suffer _______ culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. ②(人教必修第二册U5)Of course, I hope none of you have to go through the same kind of ____________ (suffer) that I did. from　 suffering　 ③He had never _______________________ (遭受如此巨大的损失) in his life, so he almost lost the hope for life. →___________________________________________， he almost lost the hope for life.(分词作状语) (1)suffer a pain/defeat/loss 遭受痛苦/失败/损失 suffer from 遭受；患病 (2)suffering n．疼痛；痛苦；折磨；苦难 sufferer n．受难者；患病者 suffered such a great loss　 Never having suffered such a great loss in his life 2.addict n．对……着迷的人 ①(译林必修第三册U3)I was ______ smartphone addict. My eyes were glued to the little screen whenever I walked down the street, had dinner with friends or lay in bed at night. ②(人教必修第一册U1)Some students even become ____________ (addict) to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life. ③(译林选必二U4)Treatments of anxiety and drug ____________ (addict) are other valuable and cost-effective applications of VR. a　 addicted　 addiction　 ④Young people are addicted to ________ (play) their cell phones. They completely ignore their friends around. →_________________________________， young people completely ignore their friends around.(形容词短语作状语) (1)addicted adj.入迷的；上瘾的 be/become/get addicted to...沉迷于……；对……上瘾 (2)addictive adj.使人入迷的；使人上瘾的 addiction n．入迷；嗜好；瘾 playing　 Addicted to playing their cell phones 3.differ v．不同，不一样，有区别 ①(2023·全国甲卷)____________ (difference) from traditional fables，Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)There，you'll find them (xiao long bao) prepared ____________ (different)—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled. Different　 differently　 ③(译林选必三U1)Given these cultural_____________ (differ), it comes as no surprise that Canada has been celebrating Multiculturalism Day since 2002. ④(译林必修第一册U1)可能性是无限的，我相信你们有能力改变你们的家庭、你们的社区和我们的国家。 The possibilities are endless, and I _____________________________ _______________to your family, to your community and to our country. differences　 have confidence in your ability to make a difference (1)differ from...in... 在……方面与……不同 (2)difference n．不同之处；差异 make a difference 起作用；有影响 (3)different adj.不同的 be different from 与……不同 (4)differently adv.不同地 4.recommend v．推荐；建议 ①(译林选必二U4)From autonomous vehicles to domestic robots, from _______________ (recommend) systems to computers writing novels, AI has an unlimited number of applications. ②(人教必修第一册U1)My adviser recommended that I ____________ (sign) up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it. recommendation　 (should) sign　 ③Experts recommend _________ (take) effective measures to control the house prices as soon as possible. ④我写信是想推荐汤姆当你的助手，因为他是一个英语说得很流利的毕业生。(推荐信) I ___________________________， a graduate who is fluent in English，as your assistant. taking　 am writing to recommend Tom (1)recommend doing sth.建议做某事 recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 recommend that sb.(should) do sth.建议某人做某事 (2)recommend sb./sth.to sb.向某人推荐某人/某物 (3)recommendation n．正式建议；提议；推荐；介绍 5.convenient adj.方便的，便利的 ①(北师必修第三册U8)Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it's flat and therefore convenient ________ bikes. ②(北师必修第三册U8)Because of its ____________ (convenient) for bicycles, Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips are made by bike. for/to　 convenience　 ③Would it be convenient for you ________ (pick) me up at four o'clock and take me to the airport？ ④如果您能在方便的时候尽快给我回信，我将不胜感激。(申请信/求助信) ________________________________________________________________________ to pick　 I would appreciate it if you could reply to my letter at your earliest convenience. (1)It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth.(某人)做某事很方便 sth.be convenient to/for sb.对某人来说……是方便的 (2)convenience n．方便，便利 at one's convenience 在某人方便时 at your earliest convenience 尽早，尽快 6.resist v．忍住，按捺；抵抗，抗拒 ①(译林选必二U3)One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human __________ (resist) to colds and flus. ②The more pesticides are used, the more _________ (resist) the insects become, so the more pesticides have to be used. It's a vicious circle. resistance　 resistant　 ③一到家，这个男孩就忍不住炫耀自己受到了老师的表扬。(动作描写) On arriving home, the boy _____________________________________ by the teacher. couldn't resist showing off his being praised (1)resist doing sth.反对做某事 can't resist doing sth.禁不住做某事 (2)resistant adj.对……有抵抗力的；抵制的，反抗的 be resistant to... 对……有抵抗力 (3)resistance n．反抗，抵抗；抵抗力 7.adapt v．(使)适应，(使)适合；改编，改写 ①(北师选必二U6)Some books are just too difficult to be adapted ______ technical reasons, although films like The Life of Pi are changing this idea. ②(北师选必二U6)One may think that it is the book writer who is in the best position to do film ____________ (adapt). for　 adaptations　 ③(译林选必四U3)In order to better ___________________________ (适应) new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. ④我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助，该短剧改编自我们的英语课文。(求助信) ________________________________________________________________________________ adapt ourselves to/adapt to　 I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play adapted from our English text. (1)adapt to 适应 adapt oneself to 使某人适应 (2)adapt...from...根据……改编…… adapt...for...改编……为……之用 (3)adaptable adj.能适应的；可修改的 adaptation n．适应；改编本，改写本 8.end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来 ①(2023·全国乙卷)However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost __________ (miss) the sunset entirely. ②As a matter of fact，even a successful inventor makes many experiments that end up ____ failure. ③如果你花点时间和精力去做到这一点，你就会有更多的朋友。(建议信) If you take the time and effort to do this, you'll ____________________. missing　 in　 end up with more friends end (up) in 以……告终 end (up) with 以……结束(指以某种方式结束) end up＋adj./doing... 以……(状况)而告终 end up as...最终成为…… 9.pick up买，购买；拾起，捡起，拿起；接收(信号或声音)；(无意中)学会；收拾，整理；(开车)接人；取(物)；(健康、生意等)好转，康复；接电话；发现，识别 写出下列句中黑体部分的含义 ①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)What I was to do was fly to Topeka to pick up Tiffy.____________ ②(人教选必一U3)Since reindeer were always on the move，the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. __________ (开车)接人 收拾　 ③It's surprising that your brother picked up Russian so quickly—he hasn't lived there very long._________ ④Business has been depressing but they expect it to pick up again before the Spring Festival.__________ ⑤虽然她有二十年没见杰克了，但杰克一下飞机，她就认出他了。(细节描写) Although she had not seen Jack for twenty years, she _______________ _________________________． 学会　 情况好转　 soon as he got off the plane picked him out as (1)build up逐渐增强；增强……的体质 take up 拿起；开始；从事；占据 make up 虚构；弥补；组成 break up 关系破裂；分手；放假 (2)pick out 精心挑选；认出 pick on 选中；故意刁难挑剔 10.each time引导时间状语从句 [教材原句]　The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them.每次我们喝软饮料的时候，软饮料中的糖会形成酸，会侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。 ①(译林选必二U2)Can you imagine that ________________________ _______________ (每次你有机会得分时), the goalposts are moved? every/each time you have a chance to score ②__________________________________ (下次你去拜访鲍勃时), remember to give him a call in advance. ③(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)大卫一冲过终点线 ，观众中响起了雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。(场景描写) _______________________________________________， thunderous applause and cheers rose from the audience. Next time/The next time you visit Bob　 The instant/moment/minute David crossed the finish line 用作连词的名词短语还有： (1)表示习惯性、经常性的动作或“第几次做某事”，常见的这类短语有(the) next time，(the) last time，the first/second/...time等； (2)表示某个具体的时间概念，含有“……的那天/那年”等，常见的这类短语有the year, the day, the week, the month等； (3)表示“一……就……”，常见的这类短语有the moment, the instant, the minute, the second等 跟踪检测 运用提升 层级一 过基础　核心知识精准练 维度1　单句语法填空 1．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I've put together some good ____ (tip) for starting an art journey. 2．(2023·浙江1月卷)The term “hutong”，____________ (original) meaning “water well” in Mongolian，appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. tips　 originally　 3．(2023·浙江1月卷)Often，they'll end up ________ (fill) the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. 4．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most ____________(satisfy) and meaningful to them. 5．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Human speech contains more than 2，000 __________ (differ) sounds，from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. filling　 satisfying　 different 6．(译林必修第一册U3)__________ (adapt) from “Of Friendship”，an essay written by Francis Bacon, a great English writer, scientist and philosopher. 7．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick ____ some groceries. 8．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)If I had to make just one ________________ (recommend) for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. Adapted　 up recommendation 9．I couldn't resist ________ (try) on the new skirt immediately it got home from the delivery man. 10．(译林选必四U2)It is also through those words that novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more ______________ (convenient) and quickly. trying　 conveniently 维度2　熟词生义 1．(2023·全国甲卷)The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. ________ A. 端起 B. 买，购买 C. (风)变大 A　 2．(2022·全国甲卷)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. ________ A．处理，应付 B．(用手)拿 C．操纵 B　 3．(2022·全国甲卷)And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. ________ A．指点，建议 B．小费 C．尖端，末端 C 维度3　完成句子/一句多译 1．每当我想起过去那些快乐的日子，我就会忍不住微笑。(every time) ___________________________________， I can't help smiling. 2．这位导游对这个国家的历史和文化十分熟悉，所以他在向游客介绍其风土人情时十分流利。(分词短语作状语) _____________________________________________________， the guide introduced the local conditions and customs to the tourists very fluently. Every time I think of the happy old days　 Having a good knowledge of the country's history and culture　 3．阅读很重要，因为它能增加我们的词汇量并拓宽我们的知识面。(as引导原因状语从句) Reading is very important _____________________________________ ______________________． 4．你刚开始学说英语时不可能不犯错误。(not...without...) You __________________________________________ when you first start learning it. as it can increase our vocabulary and cannot speak English without making mistakes　 broaden our knowledge　 5．如果你方便的话，应该多进行户外运动，这有助于你保持良好的心态。 →_______________________， you should do more outdoor exercise, which can help you keep a good state of mind. (convenient) →____________________， you should do more outdoor exercise, which can help you keep a good state of mind.(convenience) If it is convenient for you　 At your convenience 层级二 提能力　必备素养提升练 提能1　应用文写作 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 I used to be keen on snacks and some delicious junk food such as hamburgers and chips. Mum 1._________________________________ (提醒我均衡饮食) in order to keep fit but I 2.____________________ reminded me to have a balanced diet was so addicted to (如此沉迷于) my favorite food that I turned a deaf ear to her tips. Frighteningly, I turned out to be overweight (用本单元知识改写本句：3.__________________________________). I had no choice but to see a doctor. The doctor told me the saying that you are what you eat, advising (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：4.________________) me not to eat the foods containing too much sugar and fat and stop (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：5._____) the temptation of junk food as much as possible. Horribly, I ended up getting overweight recommending resist Besides, the doctor suggested taking regular exercise and having enough sleep. Since I consulted the doctor, I 6.___________________________ (习惯了健康饮食). My health condition is picking up. I will stick to the good habit because 7.__________________________________ [没有什么比健康更重要(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义)]. have taken to eating healthily nothing is more important than health 提能2　读后续写微练 Step 1　储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 环境 描写 maple n．枫树，槭树 horrible adj.糟糕的 satisfying adj.令人高兴的，令人满意的 情感 描写 super adj.极好的，了不起的 incredibly adv.极端地，非常地 bitter adj.苦的，有苦味的；痛苦的；愤愤不平的 动作描写 dare modal verb胆敢，敢于 suffer v．(身体或精神上)受苦 gather v．聚集 bite n．&v.咬 recommend v．推荐 attack v．侵袭，侵蚀 swing v．(使)(前后)摆动，(使)摇摆 catch up 打听(不在时所发生的事情)，别后叙谈 resist v．忍住，按捺 blog v．写博客 n．博客，网络日志 adapt v．(使)适应，(使)适合 pick up 买，购买 Step 2　续写练笔(翻译下面的续写小片段) 请从以上词汇中选择合适的词汇，完成下面语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 我的车出故障了，在路上晃来晃去，我不敢再开了，把车停在了路边。太可怕了！由于害怕被野兽袭击和渴望获得帮助，我抑制不住痛苦的泪水。三个小时后，一个墨西哥家庭把车停在路边帮助了我。我感谢了他们，并鼓起勇气向他们要了一些食物。当他们的小女儿把她所有的零食都给我的时候，我非常感动，几乎说不出话来。第二天，我在博客上发布了这个故事。 My car broke down, 1. on the road. I 2._______________________，and stopped the car by the roadside. 3. _____________！4. ____________________________________ (形容词短语作状语) and eager for help，I 5. _________________________. Three hours later，a Mexican family pulled over and helped me.I thanked them and 6. ________________________________________． When their little daughter offered me all her snacks，I 7. ____________ ________ and words almost failed me. The next day，I posted the story on my blog. swinging from side to side dare not drive it any longer How horrible Scared of being attacked by wild animals couldn't resist my bitter tears gathered my courage to ask them for some food was incredibly touched 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·福建泉州监测)Scientists say the plant enset，an Ethiopian staple (主食)，could be a new superfood and a lifesaver in the face of climate change. “This is a crop that can play a really important role in addressing food security and sustainable development，” said a university professor in Awasa，Ethiopia. Enset，or “false banana”， is a close relative of the banana but is consumed only in one part of Ethiopia. The banana-like fruit of the plant is inedible (不宜食用的)，but the stems and roots can be processed to make porridge and bread. However，Ethiopia is isolated (隔离) by dry lowlands，which are unsuitable for enset to grow. And the procedures for enset raising and preparing require special knowledge. Therefore, despite its wild relatives distributing across Africa, enset is only used as a crop in Ethiopia and has never been widely adopted elsewhere. Using agricultural surveys and modeling work, scientists found the crop could potentially feed more than 100 million people and boost food security in Ethiopia and other African countries. Study researcher Dr. James Borrell, of the Royal Botanic Gardens, said planting enset as an alternative crop for tough times could help support food security. “It's got some really unusual characteristics that make it absolutely unique as a crop，” he said. Reaching ten meters tall, as few as 15 enset plants can feed a person for a year. Also，it has flexible harvest times, stores well, and is relatively drought and disease tolerant. All these features have earned it the name “the tree against hunger”． There is growing interest in seeking new plants to feed the world. Nearly half of all the calories we eat come from three species—rice, wheat，and corn. “We need to diversify the plants we use globally as a staple because all our eggs are in a very small basket at the moment，” said Dr. Borrell. [语篇解读]　 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种特殊植物——恩斯特，又称埃塞俄比亚蕉，它可以被制作成食物。 2 3 1 4 1．What can we know about enset? A．It is widely consumed in Ethiopia. B．Its stems and roots can serve as a staple. C．It is mainly grown in dry lowlands. D．It distributes throughout the world. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the stems and roots can be processed to make porridge and bread”可知，这种植物的茎和根可以用来制作粥和面包，即可作为主食。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 2．What affects the wide adoption of enset? A．Lack of related knowledge. B．Poor quality of farmland. C．Low productivity. D．Strict storage condition. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And the procedures for enset raising and preparing require special knowledge. Therefore...enset is only used as a crop in Ethiopia and has never been widely adopted elsewhere.”可知，影响恩斯特不能被广泛采用的原因是缺少相关的专业知识。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 3．Which aspect of enset is talked about in paragraph 5? A．Its advantages.　　　 B．Its edibility. C．Its variety. D．Its distribution. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 段落大意题。根据题干可定位到文章第五段，第五段主要介绍了该植物有利于保障食品安全、有灵活的收割期、易于储存、耐旱、抗病等优点，故第五段主要介绍了恩斯特的优点。B项意为“它的可食性”；C项意为“它的多样性”；D项意为“它的分布”。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 4．What does Dr.Borrell mean in the last paragraph? A．People are fed up with existing staples. B．A world of biodiversity is needed. C．Crop varieties should be increased. D．Food security has been addressed. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We need to diversify the plants we use globally as a staple”可知，Borrell博士认为，我们需要把作为主食的植物多样化，即增加农作物种类。故选C项。 B (2023·湖北武汉调研)Have you ever suddenly developed an appetite from a passing glance at a freeway billboard featuring a brightly colored cheeseburger，or decided to step into a candy or ice cream store displaying a window full of lively shades and hues (色调) of sweet treats？If so，you are in good company.Unless we are medically restricted or strictly dieting，we are not likely to resist inviting fare simply because we recognize the lack of nutritional value. Devina Wadhera and Elizabeth D．Capaldi-Phillips in A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food on Food Acceptance and Consumption recognize the impact of sensory cues (信号) on food consumption and enjoyment，and the potential they have to promote healthy eating behavior. They cite previous research in providing some interesting examples of the visual impact of different color schemes (方 案) on taste and food enjoyment. They note that pink food on a white plate was considered sweeter and more flavorful than the same food on a black plate.Apparently，we consume food with more of our senses than we realize. So when we're faced with so many appealing food choices and given the rainbow of colors around us，is there any way to control our appetite？Thankfully，some research says yes. Oliver Genschow demonstrated that when it comes to eating less，colors impact consumption.They specifically researched the effect of the color red.They found that people ate fewer pretzels when using a red plate，as opposed to white or blue，and drank less from a red cup than a blue cup.They suggested that the color red reduces food and drink intake by functioning as a stop signal. But when it comes to healthy eating，instead of putting on a pair of sunglasses to block the inviting hues of food cues，consider the value of discipline.Healthy eating involves intentional choices，not mindless responses to sensory cues.And before you invest in much red tableware to slim down，remember that what goes onto the plates is much more important. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了颜色对人的胃口有影响，同时在文章的最后一段中，作者就健康饮食给出了建议。 5 6 7 8 5．What may be a major reason for us to refuse eye-catching food? A．The shortage of nutrition. B．The rich color of fine foods. C．The doctor's instructions. D．Advertisements everywhere. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Unless we are ...the lack of nutritional value.”可知，人们之所以可以拒绝诱人的食物，很大的原因在于有医嘱或进食限制，故C项正确。 5 6 7 8 6．What might be dealt with in A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food on Food Acceptance and Consumption? A．Benefits of different color schemes. B．Interesting examples of food service. C．The potential to promote food consumption. D．Effects of sensory cues on eating behavior. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food on Food Acceptance and Consumption recognize ...promote healthy eating behavior”可知，A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food on Food Acceptance and Consumption可能讨论感官信号对饮食行为有什么影响，故D项正确。 5 6 7 8 7．What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph? A．Follow the sensory response. B．Make food choices sensibly. C．Wear sunglasses to block colors. D．Avoid colorful food intentionally. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Healthy eating involves intentional choices，not mindless responses to sensory cues ...remember that what goes onto the plates is much more important.”可以看出，作者建议人们明智地做出食物选择，故B项正确。 5 6 7 8 8．What is the best title for the text? A．How Can People Control Their Appetite? B．How Are People Tricked by Color Schemes? C．How Do Colors Impact Food's Appeal and Appetite? D．How Do Bright Colors Make Food More Appealing? 答案：C 5 6 7 8 标题归纳题。文章第一段引入话题，讲述了人们可能会被色彩艳丽的食物激起食欲；第二段援引研究发现证实色彩会对人的饮食行为产生影响；第三段将话题过渡到一些研究表明我们是可以控制食欲的；第四段以红色为例具体阐释颜色对进食会产生什么影响；最后一段作者就人们的饮食行为给出了建议。故C项“颜色如何影响食物的吸引力和食欲”最适合作本文的标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2023·河北石家庄质检)I started cooking when I was thirteen.Both of my parents worked，so I was usually 1 after school. One day，my parents forgot to 2 dinner before they went to work.As we were short of money，eating out was beyond 3 . So I decided to be the 4 of the day. A few moments later，I 5 to cook fried rice，the best option out of 6 resources，including my cooking knowledge.After 7 a pan on the stove and turning on the heat，it soon began to sizzle.I was so hungry that I 8 and threw everything into the pan all together.In went rice，pieces of meat and vegetables.Little did I know that the 9 of ingredients (原料) was crucial in cooking. I 10 waited for the meat to be thoroughly cooked，but other ingredients were 11 .At first，I mistook it as steam from cooking，but I soon 12 something went horribly wrong when smoke 13 to fill the kitchen. Later that day，my mother told me，“You cannot rush yourself when cooking.” Rather，I should take steps，turning to the basics，such as learning about the ingredients and 14 the recipe. I've learned that the first 15 seems hard but we should just start and let the journey teach us. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父母都上班。一天，他的父母在上班之前忘了给他准备晚饭，因此他决定自己做饭。他由于不知道烹饪的基本步骤，结果把菜给烧糊了。但是这让他得到一个教训：有些事情的第一步似乎挺难，但是我们应该开始，让过程教我们(成长)。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1．A.alone　　　　　　　 B．energetic C．anxious D．excited 答案：A 根据上文中的“Both of my parents worked”可知，此处指因此在放学后，“我”通常是独自一人。 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3 13 14 15 2．A.enjoy B．prepare C．serve D．take 答案：B 根据下文描述可知，“我”决定自己做饭，因此此处指“我”的父母在去上班之前忘了给“我”准备晚餐。 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 13 14 15 3．A.expectation B．control C．description D．budget 答案：D 根据上文中的“we were short of money”可知，此处指出去吃饭不在作者他们的预算之内。budget“预算”，符合语境。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 4．A.owner B．ruler C．chef D．researcher 答案：C 根据下文描述可知，“我”决定自己做饭。故此处指因此“我”决定当这一天的厨师(chef)。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 5．A.agreed B．decided C．failed D．switched 答案：B 根据语境可知，此处指“我”决定做炒饭。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 6．A.various B．delicious C．pricey D．limited 答案：D 根据上文中的“we were short of money”以及下文中的including my cooking knowledge可知，此处指有限的(limited)资源。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 7．A.placing B．covering C．washing D．breaking 答案：A 联系下文中的on the stove和常识可知，此处指把一个平底锅放在炉子上。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 8．A.quit B．slept C．rushed D．collapsed 答案：C 联系上文中的“I was so hungry”以及下文中的“You cannot rush yourself when cooking.”可知，rushed符合语境，指“我”急匆匆地把每样东西都扔进了锅里。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 9．A.standard B．order C．quality D．amount 答案：B 根据上文中的“threw everything into the pan all together”以及下文中的“I 10 waited for the meat to be thoroughly cooked，but other ingredients were 11 ．”可知，此处指在烹饪中，食材的顺序是至关重要的。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 10．A.proudly B．unconsciously C．fearfully D．eagerly 答案：D 根据语境可知，此处指“我”急切地等着肉熟透。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 11．A.burning B．exploding C．disappearing D．mixing 答案：A 根据下文中的“when smoke 13 to fill the kitchen”可知，此处指其他食材着火了。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 12．A.insisted B．declared C．grasped D．explained 答案：C 联系下文中的“something went horribly wrong”可知，此处指很快“我”就发现有些不对劲了。grasp“领会，明白”。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 13．A.stopped B．reduced C．existed D．emerged 答案：D 联系下文中的fill the kitchen可知，此处指烟从锅里面冒出来了。emerge“出现，浮现，露出”。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 14．A.working on B．fixing on C．referring to D．contributing to 答案：C 联系上文中的turning to the basics以及下文中的the recipe可知，此处指参考菜谱。refer to“参考，查看”。 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 13 14 15 15．A.race B．try C．route D．ride 答案：B 根据上文描述可知，此处指第一次尝试似乎挺难。try“尝试，试图，努力”。 $$