专项4 阅读理解--沪教牛津版九年级上册期中专项

原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 专项 4 阅读理解 Passage 1 The sugar industry (行业) has one goal. That goal is to sell more sugar. It is also the goal of the companies that make sugar-sweetened products. As we all know, eating too much sugar can cause a person to get fatter, so you should try to eat less sugar. In order to eat less sugar, you should know about the following tips. First, sugar is almost everywhere in the modern diet. It is in sandwiches, salad dressing and yogurt. And of course, it is in drinks and foods, like soda and desserts. Second, you do not need to worry about the sugars that are a natural part of fruit, vegetables and dairy products. Most people do not overeat natural sugars. The fiber, vitamins and minerals from nature keep you healthy. Third, follow some simple rules and habits in our life. One idea is to drop all added sugar for one month. Then add back only the ones you miss. It is easier than it sounds. Finally, don’t drink too much juice. Drinking too much juice can be dangerous because even natural sugars can be too much. Keep your juice portions (量) to no more than six ounces (盎司). Have only one glass a day. Follow the tips and eat less sugar to keep healthy. Remember: You are what you eat! ( )1．How many tips does the text give us about eating less sugar? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. Passage 1: 摄入过多糖分影响健康 Passage 2: 如何求助能获得积极回应 Passage 3: 互联网让人们缺乏耐心 Passage 4: 中国结的寓意 Passage 5: “雷锋精神”及其践行者 Passage 6: 反欺凌的建议和方法 Passage 7: 强化学生劳动教育 Passage 8: 伟大的成就不是天生的 Passage 9：中国传统家具--屏风 Passage 10: 传统文化直播 话题概览 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 ( )2．What do sandwiches and yogurt belong to? A．Drinks. B．Healthy diet. C．Modern diet. D．Desserts. ( )3．What is the structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． ( )4．What is the best title of the text? A．Pay more attention to health B．Health problems in our life C．Eat less sugar to keep healthy D．Ways to keep off sugar Passage 2 We all have to ask for favors (帮忙 ) sometimes. But it can be a difficult thing to do—even when you ask a good friend. So how can you ask for a favor and be sure to get a positive response (正面回应)? Here are some suggestions. ▲ When you ask someone for a favor, you’re really asking the person to go out of his or her way to help you. Show the person that you understand he or she is doing something especially nice for you. If people think you’re friendly, they’re more likely to want to help. Thank them sincerely when they help you. And. of course, a smile goes a long way. Choose your words carefully. How do people respond to requests like this one: “Hey, Mike, lend me your car!”? They probably refuse. How can you avoid this problem? Choose your words carefully! For example, say, “Mike, would you mind doing me a favor?” Mike will probably respond like this: “Maybe. What do you need?” Now you have his attention and can explain the situation. People are more likely to agree to help you when they know the whole story. Show your respect. If someone agrees to do you a favor, allow the person to choose when he or she helps you. Be 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 respectful of the other person’s time, and try not to ask for too much. If someone refuses your request, you should accept the answer politely. Don’t make a habit of asking for favors. and always make sure you’re ready to do someone a favor in return. ( )1．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．telling stories B．comparing numbers C．introducing a problem D．giving an example ( )2．Which of the following sentences can be best put in ▲ ? A．Be a nice person. B．Try to understand yourself well. C．Never stop smiling, even when you’re sad. D．Don’t forget to say thanks when someone helps you. ( )3．What does the writer want to tell us through the last paragraph? A．One should have a good habit. B．One should refuse others politely. C．One should be respectful of others. D．One should be honest to others. ( )4．The writer wrote the passage to ________. A．ask for help B．give suggestions C．describe a situation D．make a special report Passage 3 Imagine you are collecting some information online. You open a video that might be useful to you. However, ten seconds later, it hasn’t even started to play. Will you continue to wait patiently? Ramesh Sitaraman is an American computer science professor. He put 67 million people in a similar situation. In his study, most people would give up a video after just two seconds if it has a slow loading speed. And if the video didn’t commence playing another few seconds later, another 5.8 percent of viewers would leave. The research shows that people are becoming less and less patient. The Internet speed is so quick that we are used to receiving instant gratification (即时满足). We expect to get what we want without waiting. When we don’t get what we want shortly, we will become worried or even so cross that we say dirty words or throw things. But being patient doesn’t just save you trouble. It is also the key to your success in life. In some ways, many people, including J. K. Rowling and Chinese astronaut Deng Qingming, owe their 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 success to their patience. Especially for Deng, he finally achieved his dream to enter space after about 25 years of patient hard work. Next time if you want to get instant gratification, remember that it’s necessary to keep patient. Just as an old saying goes, “A moment of patience can prevent a serious accident; a moment of impatience can kill a life forever.” ( )1．What does the underlined word “commence” probably mean? A．avoid B．stop C．start D．practice ( )2．Why does the writer mention Ramesh Sitaraman’s study? A．To express a result. B．To describe a problem. C．To support the topic. D．To list some numbers. ( )3．How does the writer organize Paragraph 4? A．By giving a fact and some methods. B．By giving a reason and some facts. C．By giving a question and some opinions. D．By giving an opinion and some examples. ( )4．What is the best title for the text? A．Be a patient person B．Get instant gratification C．Give up at the right time D．Improve our Internet speed Passage 4 Chinese knots (中国结 ) are very important in Chinese culture. They began as a form of traditional art in the Tang and Song Dynasties in China. They started to become popular in the Ming Dynasty. Long ago, they found their way to Japan and other Southeast Asian countries, and were well received there. Now they are regarded as one of the symbols of Chinese culture. The Chinese word for knot is jie, which means “connection”. The pronunciation of jie is very close to that of ji, which means “good luck”. As a result, Chinese knots are used to express strong wishes for marvellous things like happiness, love and good luck. They come in different sizes. Small ones are connected to clothes and gifts, while large ones are used to decorate (装饰) houses. Whether large or small, they are named after their shapes and uses. For example, Double Coin Knots are called shuangqian jie, because they are in the shape of two ancient Chinese coins. They mean “Good things come in pairs”. Besides, Chinese knots are famous for their bright colors. Different colors have different traditional cultural meanings. Red means good luck and happiness; green means health; 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 5 and yellow means wealth. All in all, Chinese knots fully (完全地 ) show Chinese culture. These brightly colored knots also mean that people on the earth share a common future. ( )1．When did Chinese knots start to become popular? A．In the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Song Dynasty. C．In the Ming Dynasty. D．In the Qing Dynasty. ( )2．What color of Chinese knots means wealth? A．Red. B．Yellow. C．Green. D．Blue. ( )3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Green Chinese knots mean a good mood. B．Chinese knots have different colors but the same size. C．Chinese knots began as a form of traditional art before the Tang Dynasty. D．We can give Double Coin Knots to friends who meet two good things at the same time. ( )4．The passage is probably from ________? A．a sports magazine B．a science magazine C．a movie website D．a newspaper Passage 5 It is more than sixty years since the death of Lei Feng, and yet his spirit of selflessness is still alive, inspiring young Chinese people. In fact, the wish to help others can always be found among common people. On September 5, 2022, when an earthquake hit Luding, Sichuan, 28-year-old hydropower station (水电站 ) worker Gan Yu chose not to leave but stay at his workplace, saving villages downstream from being flooded. People think he is a hero like Lei Feng, but he doesn’t feel that he should be compared to the young hero. “Lei Feng is a role model to all young Chinese people. The things he did may seem small, but behind them was the nobility (高贵的品质 ) that we can all achieve,” he said. Zeng Qiangfei, 24, is also from Sichuan. In 2013, when an earthquake happened in his hometown, he was studying in a middle school. Zeng remembered seeing rescuers (救援者 ) and volunteers gather there to help. When he grew up, he became a volunteer himself. After a terrible quake hit Turkey and Syria this year, he flew there to help. During the rescue, he always saw local 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 people bowing quietly to rescuers like them. “I grew up listening to Lei Feng’s stories. He is an excellent young man who spared no effort to help others,” said Zeng. This view is shared by a 56-year-old British man named James Elroy Edginton, who lives in Hunan, the hometown of Lei Feng. Working at a local college, Edginton volunteers to help students from poor families, and is warmly regarded as a “foreign Lei Feng”. “I am honored to be connected with the spirit of Lei Feng. His qualities are timeless and borderless,” he said. ( )1．Which of the following words can best describe Gan Yu? A．Responsible. B．Smart. C．Patient. D．Careful. ( )2．Why did Zeng Qiangfei become a volunteer when he grew up? A．Because he wanted local people to thank him. B．Because he was quite moved by Gan Yu’s story. C．Because he learned about volunteering at school. D．Because he was influenced greatly by volunteers. ( )3．Which one of the statements below is a fact according to the passage? A．Gan Yu is a hero like Lei Feng. B．Zeng Qiangfei is warm-hearted. C．Lei Feng’s hometown is in Hunan. D．Edginton is a “foreign Lei Feng”. ( )4．How does the writer support his idea? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By making surveys. D．By asking questions. Passage 6 Domestic drama film Better Days (《少年的你》 ) led the Chinese mainland box office nowadays. It tells the story of two high school students whose fates were changed by an accident. Seventeen-year-old Nian meets Bei, a tough street kid. Nian is the subject of cruel bullying (欺凌) at high school. The film is heartwarming and heartbreaking at the same time. The movie is set before College Entrance Examination. It offers thoughts of competition between teenagers and national issues of school bullying. Bullying is a sad reality that has affected many kids. What is worse about it is that bullying can lead to more result s such as lowered self-respect, poor performance. and self harm among kids. Here are a few anti-bullying dos and don’ts for you. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 7 •Walk away from a bully and tell an adult, It’s OK to be scared and ask for help. •Don’t look down when a bully says something. Stand tall and look into the bully’s eyes. •Take a moment to calm down before responding to a bully. It is tough to think straight, and recall the reply you’ve practised with your parents, if you re scared. •Speak clearly without making the bully angry, say, “I want you to stop laughing at me •Use your best poker face (扑克脸). The less scared or affected you look, the less the bully will do. •Get between a bully and his/her target. Go and stand beside a child who is being bullied. Turn him/her away from the bully, and walk with him/her towards an adult. •Avoid being alone with a bully. Bullying usually happens where adults are not present, so you should avoid empty hall ways, bathrooms or areas of the playground with bad sight lines to an adult. Try to sit near the front of the bus, and be near the cafeteria manager at lunch time. ( )1．What is the purpose of paragraph 1? ________ A．To give an example. B．To advertise a new film. C．To give a conclusion. D．To introduce the topic. ( )2．Bullying will cause the following EXCEPT ________. A．Lower self-respect. B．Poor performance. C．Self-harm among kids. D．Competition between teenagers. ( )3．Which is the right way to deal with the bully according to the passage? ________ A．You can make the bully angry. B．You can use your best poker face. C．You should look down when the bully talks to you. D．You should run away if you see a child being bullied. ( )4．What’s the purpose of writing the passage? ________ A．To help students build confidence. B．To teach students how to face a bully. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 8 C．To teach students how to fight with a bully. D．To encourage students to see the film Better Days. Passage 7 Do you help your parents with chores around the house? Can you cook for your family? Do you tidy your bedroom by yourself? To stress the importance of hardworking spirit education (劳动教育 ) among students of different ages, the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council recently released a guideline. The guideline calls for students to respect work Students should learn basic life skills and form good working habits through such education. The government has been trying to stress the importance of hardworking spirit education. But this has been overlooked in recent years. Many teens do not value the importance of working hard and are uninterested in doing so. According to a study of nearly 3,000 students that was done by Ningbo Evening News in March, only 22 percent of primary and middle school students help with everyday chores around the house. Schools and families play an important role in teaching students about the value of working hard, the guideline says: Primary and middle schools should provide students with hardworking spirit classes every week, according to the guideline. Schools can also hold activities to give students real-world work experience. For example, schools can teach children how to plant trees on Tree-Planting Day. As children’s first teachers, parents should also encourage children to learn how to do chores at home. Students should master one or two life skills every year. These skills can include cooking, washing their own clothes and tidying their rooms. ( )1．What does the underlined word “chores” in the first paragraph mean? A．jobs B．projects C．housework D．homework ( )2．What is the purpose of the guideline? A．It wants to develop the students’ ability of working. B．It calls for students to learn some study skills. C．Students cannot do any housework with this guideline. D．Students should respect hard work and know the importance of it. ( )3．What should schools and families do according to the guideline? ①Schools and families should teach students about the value of hard work. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 9 ②Parents should ask children to do the housework as often as possible. ③Schools provide students with classes and activities to learn the work or life skills. ④It is unnecessary for students to learn life skills because they are too busy with their study. A．②③ B．①③ C．①④ D．③④ ( )4．This passage is most probably from _____. A．a website B．a science report. C．a novel D．a film review Passage 8 Think of some great minds you like. You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻)”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to increase rice production and helping to feed the country with the largest population. Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese Hepatobiliary Surgery (肝胆外科)”, focused on saving people’s lives for nearly eighty years. He did more than 16,000 operations during his life. Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time deformed his fingers but he still kept doing operations. Wu once said, “It would be my greatest happiness if I could work at the operating table until the last moment of my life.” In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria(疟疾), Tu Youyou, worked as head of a research team. They did different kinds of experiments. However, the results were not satisfactory. Instead of giving up, they kept trying. Finally, in 1972, they made it! In 2015, at the age of 85, she received the Nobel Prize. Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb believed that every failure was a step towards success.He once said, “If I find 10, I haven’t failed.I am not discouraged, because every wrong try is another step forward.” Sometimes, their success was a surprise, even to themselves, even after a long time of their hard work. The famous scientist Alexander Fleming said, “When I woke up just after daybreak on 28th September, 1928. I just began another busy day with my research as I did many days and nights before. And I certainly didn’t plan to make a great difference to all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic(抗生素). But I guess that was exactly what I did.” 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 Some people only became successful after their deaths. The artist Vincent Van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life and that was to a friend. But he kept painting and he painted more than 2000 artworks in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds. One thing all these people have in common is that they never give up and stick to their goals no matter what happens. ( )1．The underlined phrase deformed his fingers means ________. A．changing the shape of his fingers B．making his fingers stronger C．making his fingers quicker D．cutting off his fingers ( )2．Before Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, he ________. A．felt so tired that he couldn’t stay awake B．planned to study all kinds of medicine C．knew exactly what his success meant D．had no idea he was going to make it ( )3．What can we know about the great minds from the article? A．Yuan Longping succeeded in feeding every country in the world. B．TuYouyou’s team spent about 3 years solving themalaria problem. C．Thomas Edison tried 10, 000 ways before inventing the light bulb. D．Vincent Van Gogh painted 2, 001 artworks during his whole life. ( )4．What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Goals can’t be realized by everyone. B．Difficulties can always lead to greatness. C．Great success can be achieved naturally. D．Following your dreams can result in success. Passage 9 The Chinese Pingfeng (folding screen) is an ancient invention and traditional Chinese furniture. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 11 Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The term Pingfeng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning. As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colourful paintings. On screens usually appears a dragon. It’s a symbol of light, growth and life. It also stands for nobility (高贵) and power. The peacock, a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It’s a symbol of everlasting life. Beautiful flowers, which mean wealth and good luck, are also chosen as a popular design of the pingfeng. All the designs carry people’s beautiful wishes. Behind the pingfeng lies an interesting story. In the past, the unmarried daughter of a rich family was not supposed to see or be seen by men except her father, brothers or very close male cousins. When an admirer paid a visit, however, she might take a secret look at him from a screen behind which she would be completely hidden. Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one. If the daughter and her father were satisfied with the young man’s poem and his looks, she might agree to take him as a husband. Today the pingfeng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match for modern sofas and walls, which adds style to them. The pingfeng is more than beautiful furniture ( )1．What was the pingfeng used for at the very beginning? A．Protecting people from wind. B．Dividing a room. C．Making a room beautiful. D．Hiding a person. ( )2．Which design is a symbol of wealth and good luck? A．The dragon. B．The peacock. C．The water. D．The flowers. ( )3．How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2? A．By telling a story. B．By giving examples. C．By comparing differences. D．By explaining the result. ( )4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Some of the designs carry people’s beautiful wishes. B．The unmarried daughter could see all the men in the past. C．The pingfeng can perfectly match modern sofas and walls. D．The pingfene is only beautiful furniture. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 12 ( )5．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Practical Use of the Pingfeng B．ABeautiful Story of the Pingfeng C．Old Pingfeng in Modern Homes D．The Hidden Beauty of the Pingfeng Passage 10 Many people begin to look for fun online these years. Watching livestreaming (直播的) shows has become part of their lives. At the same time, some show their folk handcrafts (民间手工艺 ), while others perform Chinese classical music. A growing number of people are becoming interested in traditional culture because of livestreaming. Li Jun is a Peking Opera performer with the Shanghai Jingju Theater Company. After the outbreak, the 59-year-old took up his smartphone and started livestreaming. Unlike performing on a formal stage, Li uses ordinary places as his stage, Li also teaches audience about Peking Opera. People can ask him questions and get answers directly. “Livestreaming has brought this elegant (高雅的) art down to earth.” one viewer said. “It gives young people an easier access to this traditional art and learn more about it.” Li has more than 6, 000 fans on Douyin, while one of his videos got 42, 000 views on Bilibili. On March 26th, 2020, Bilibili livestreamed a Huafu show on the third China Huafu Day (中国华 服日), including those from Wei, Tang and Ming dynasties. During the show, but also watched how performers used ancient styles of make-up. As Guangming Daily noted, livestreaming has come to a new stage through which traditional culture can be kept alive. ( )1．In the second paragraph, the writer mentioned Li Jun in order to ________. A．request young people to learn Peking Opera B．ask young people to learn from Li Jun C．give an example of traditional culture livestreaming D．ask young people to enjoy Li Jun’s livestreaming ( )2．The underlined word “access” in paragraph 3 probably means ________. A．victory B．sense C．way D．event 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 13 ( )3．Livestreaming is a new stage to ________ according to Guangming Daily. A．look for fun during the outbreak B．ask questions and get answers directly C．sing and watch easily and freely D．keep traditional culture alive ( )4．Which of the following is true according to the passage? ________ A．Many traditional artists are starting to sell folk handcrafts on Douyin and Bilibili. B．More people have interest in traditional culture with the help of livestreaming. C．Peking Opera performer Li Jun has more than 42, 000 fans on Douyin. D．Performers presented Chinese classical music in the Huafu show. ( )5．Which picture shows the structure (结构) of the passage? ________ A． B． C． D． 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 专项 4 阅读理解（答案解析） Passage 1 1．D 2．C 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了摄入过量糖分的危害以及少吃糖能够让人们保持健康，并针对如何减 少吃糖提出了四条建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“First, sugar is almost everywhere in the modern diet.”，第三段“Second, you do not need to worry about the sugars that are a natural part of fruit, vegetables and dairy products.”，第四段“Third, follow some simple rules and habits in our life.”和第五段“Finally, don’t drink too much juice.”可知，文中提出了四条建议。故选 D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“First, sugar is almost everywhere in the modern diet. It is in sandwiches, salad dressing and yogurt.”可知，糖在现代饮食中几乎无处不在，它存在于三明治、 沙拉酱和酸奶中。由此可知，三明治和酸奶属于现代饮食。故选 C。 3．篇章结构题。第一段引出主题；第二、三、四、五段分别提出了如何减少吃糖的建议；第 六段总结全文。故选 C。 4．标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了摄入过量糖分的危害以及少吃糖能够让人们保持健康，并针 对如何减少吃糖提出了四条建议。因此，选项 C“少吃糖以保持健康”是最佳标题。故选 C。 Passage 2 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何向别人请求帮助并确保得到积极的回应。 1．细节理解题。根据“So how can you ask for a favor and be sure to get a positive response (正面 回应)? Here are some suggestions.”可知作者在文章开头引入了一个问题。故选 C。 2．推理判断题。根据“When you ask someone for a favor, you’re really asking the person to go out of his or her way to help you. Show the person that you understand he or she is doing something especially nice for you”可知本段主要说明了我们要做一个友好的人，故选项 A“做一个友好的人” 符合语境。故选 A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Show your respect.”可知最后一段作者想告诉我们应该尊重他人。故选 C。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了如何向别人请求帮助并确保得到积极的回应，所以作者写这 篇文章是为了给出一些建议。故选 B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 Passage 3 1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们因为互联网速度快而越来越没有耐心，这种缺乏耐心的表现不仅 影响了日常生活，也可能影响到成功的机会，因此强调了保持耐心的重要性。 1．词义猜测题。根据“However, ten seconds later, it hasn’t even started to play. Will you continue to wait patiently?”和“And if the video didn’t commence playing another few seconds later, another 5.8 percent of viewers would leave.”可知，5.8%的观众会离开，应是因为视频还没有“开始”（start） 播放，说明“commence”在此意为“开始”。故选 C。 2．推理判断题。根据“The research shows that people are becoming less and less patient.”可知，作 者在文章中提到 Ramesh Sitaraman的研究是为了证明人们越来越没有耐心，从而支持本文主题 ——要保持耐心。故选 C。 3．推理判断题。通读第四段可知，第四段中，作者先提出要成功需要耐心，然后举了 J.K. Rowling 和中国航天员邓清明的例子来支持该观点。故选 D。 4．标题归纳题。综合全文可知，文本文主要讲述了人们因为互联网速度快而越来越没有耐心， 这种缺乏耐心的表现不仅影响了日常生活，也可能影响到成功的机会，因此强调了保持耐心的 重要性，要成为一个有耐心的人。故选 A。 Passage 4 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国结不仅是中国文化的象征，表达了幸福、爱情和好运等美好祝愿，还 通过其形状和颜色体现出丰富的传统意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“They began as a form of traditional art in the Tang and Song Dynasties in China. They started to become popular in the Ming Dynasty.”可知，中国结在明朝开始流行起来。 故选 C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Different colors have different traditional cultural meanings. Red means good luck and happiness; green means health; and yellow means wealth.”可知，黄色中国结意味着财富。 故选 B。 3．细节理解题。根据“For example, Double Coin Knots are called shuangqian jie, because they are in the shape of two ancient Chinese coins.”可知，我们可以给同时遇到两件好事的朋友送双钱结。 故选 D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 3 4．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了中国结是中国特有的文化符号之一，属于文化范畴，推知我 们可以在报纸上看到这篇文章。故选 D。 Passage 5 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了“雷锋精神”和一些代表人物。 1．推理判断题。根据“On September 5, 2022, when an earthquake hit Luding, Sichuan, 28-year-old hydropower station (水电站) worker Gan Yu chose not to leave but stay at his workplace, saving villages downstream from being flooded. ”可知，甘宇在地震时选择坚守岗位拯救下游村庄，表 明他很负责任。故选 A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Zeng remembered seeing rescuers (救援者) and volunteers gather there to help. When he grew up, he became a volunteer himself.”可知，曾强非受到志愿者的影响，长大后自己 也成为了志愿者。故选 D。 3．细节理解题。根据“This view is shared by a 56-year-old British man named James Elroy Edginton, who lives in Hunan, the hometown of Lei Feng.”可知，雷锋的故乡在湖南。故选 C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据“ Gan Yu chose not to leave but stay at his workplace,”；“Zeng Qiangfei, 24, is also from Sichuan.”以及“This view is shared by a 56-year-old British man named James Elroy Edginton,”可知，本文通过实例展示了“雷锋精神”和几个代表人物的故事来支持作 者的观点。故选 B。 Passage 6 1．D 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要是教学生如何面对欺凌者，提供了一些反欺凌的建议和方法。 1．推理判断题。根据“Domestic drama film Better Days (《少年的你》) led the Chinese mainland box office nowadays....Nian is the subject of cruel bullying (欺凌) at high school....It offers thoughts of competition between teenagers and national issues of school bullying.”可知，第一段的目的是引 出话题，通过介绍电影《少年的你》来引出校园欺凌的问题。故选 D。 2．细节理解题。根据“What is worse about it is that bullying can lead to more results such as lowered self-respect, poor performance and self-harm among kids.”可知，校园欺凌会导致自尊心下降、表 现不佳和自残等问题，但不会导致青少年之间的竞争。故选 D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Use your best poker face (扑克脸). The less scared or affected you look, the 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 4 less the bully will do.”可知，面对欺凌者时可以使用扑克脸（即保持冷静、不受影响的表情）， 这样欺凌者就不会继续欺负你。故选 B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Here are a few anti-bullying dos and don’ts for you.”可知，本文提供了一 些反欺凌的建议和方法，所以其主要目的是教学生如何面对霸凌。故选 B。 Passage 7 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍教育部为什么要加强大中小学生的劳动教育，以及家长、学校要如何做。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Do you help your parents with chores around the house? Can you cook for your family? Do you tidy your bedroom by yourself?”可知，此处的 chores指的是家务活。故选 C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The guideline calls for students to respect work… Many teens do not value the importance of working hard and are uninterested in doing so.”可知，指导方针的目的是让学生尊重 劳动并了解其重要性。故选 D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Schools and families play an important role in teaching students about the value of working hard, the guideline says… Schools can also hold activities to give students real-world work experience.”可知，学校和家庭在教育学生努力工作的价值方面发挥着重要作用， 与①对应，学校还可以举办活动，让学生获得真实的工作经验，与③对应。故选 B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章内容和结构，本文可能来自于一个网站，旨在传播教育相关的信息。 故选 A。 Passage 8 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍伟人的事迹，告诉我们伟大的成就不是天生的，所有这些伟人的共同点 就是无论发生什么都坚持自己的目标。 1．词义猜测题。根据“ Holding the surgeon’s knife for such a long time”可以猜测，因为长时间握 手术刀导致他的手指变形了，划线部分表示“手指变形”，与 A项意思一致。故选 A。 2．推理判断题。根据“And I certainly didn’t plan to make a great difference to all medicine by discovering the world’s first antibiotic(抗生素)”可推知，弗莱明没有想过通过发现世界上第一种 抗生素来对所有的医学产生重大影响。故选 D。 3．细节理解题。根据“In 1969, …Tu Youyou, worked as head of a research team.… Finally, in 1972, they made it!”可知，经过 3年的时间，屠呦呦团队解决了疟疾问题，所以 B项正确。故选 B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 5 4．主旨大意题。根据“You will probably find that their success didn’t come easily”以及“One thing all these people have in common is that they never give up and stick to their goals no matter what happens.”可知，本文主要通过介绍伟人的事迹，告诉我们伟大的成就不是天生的，追随你的梦 想，永不放弃，可以带来成功。故选 D。 Passage 9 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统家具——屏风的相关信息，包括其由来、 设计、背后的故事以及当代屏风的用途。 1．细节理解题。根据“The term pingfeng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning.”可知，屏风这个词的意思是防风，所以屏风开始是保护人们免受风吹。故选 A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Beautiful flowers, which mean wealth and good luck”可知，美丽的花朵意 味着财富和好运。故选 D。 3．推理判断题。根据“On screens usually appears a dragon...The peacock...Beautiful flowers...All the designs carry people’s beautiful wishes.”可知，屏幕上通常会出现龙、孔雀、花等图案，这些都 承载着人们美好的祝愿，所以本段是通过举例子的方式来介绍的。故选 B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match for modern sofas and walls, which adds style to them.”可知，中式屏风可以搭配现代风格的沙发和墙壁。故 选 C。 5．最佳标题题。根据“All the designs carry people’s beautiful wishes”、“Today the pingfeng is back in fashion for its beauty...”及通读全文可知，本文通过描述屏风的设计之美，背后的故事，以及 作为现代家具的时尚之美，来阐释屏风所隐含的美，故选 D。 Passage 10 1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文讲述直播对现在生活的影响，让越来越多的人了解了中国的传统文化。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“A growing number of people are becoming interested in traditional culture because of livestreaming.”和第二段“After the outbreak, the 59-year-old took up his smartphone and started livestreaming.”可知，由于直播，越来越多的人开始对传统文化感兴趣。 第二段作者提到他是为了举一个传统文化直播的例子。故选 C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“It gives young people an easier access to this traditional art and learn more 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 about it.”可知，一位观众表示，这让年轻人更容易接触到这种传统艺术，并了解更多。“access” 表示“机会，通路”，与“way”同义。故选 C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“As Guangming Daily noted, livestreaming has come to a new stage through which traditional culture can be kept alive.”可知，直播已经进入了一个传统文化得以延续 的新阶段。故选 D。 4．推理判断题。根据“A growing number of people are becoming interested in traditional culture because of livestreaming.”可知，越来越多的人在直播帮助下开始对传统文化感兴趣。B选项表 述准确。故选 B。 5．篇章结构题。第一段主要是介绍文章主题；第二、三、四段具体介绍了流媒体对传统文化 的作用与影响；第五段是对文章的总结。选项 D符合。故选 D。