选择性必修第三册 UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（人教版2019）

选择性必修第三册 UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE (主题语境：人与自我——积极的生活态度) 【话题词汇】 【话题佳句】 1．Encountering difficulties and even failures is a natural part of our journey to the final success. We should always keep a positive attitude towards life, whatever misfortunes arise. 遭遇困难甚至失败是我们走向最终的成功之旅的自然组成部分。不管发生什么不幸，我们应该始终保持积极的生活态度。 2．When faced with adversities, we all should keep our spirits up instead of feeling low and have confidence that we can overcome them with all our efforts. 当面临逆境时，我们都应该保持高昂的情绪，而不应该低迷不振，要相信自己可以通过一切努力克服它们。 3．As the saying goes, “No cross, no crown.” So, only by going through many bitter hardships with a strong mind can we enjoy the sweet fruits of success. 俗话说，“不经风雨，怎见彩虹”。所以，只有以坚强的意志经历许多艰难困苦，我们才能享受成功的甜蜜果实。 4．Courage and perseverance have magical power, before which difficulties and barriers disappear into thin air. 勇气与坚毅有神奇的力量，在它们面前，困难和障碍都会完全消失。 5．No matter what happens，don't give up, and there certainly will be unexpected scenery. 不管发生什么，你都不要放弃，肯定会有意想不到的风景。 6．Life isn't about waiting for the storm to pass. It's about learning how to dance in the rain. 人生不是坐等暴风雨过去，而是要学会如何在雨中起舞。 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 基础知识 自测落实 核心考点 互动探究 跟踪检测 运用提升 课时作业 巩固提升 基础知识 自测落实 单元词句背诵 ◆单词 四级词汇 advertising n．[U]广告(业)；广告活动 advertise vi. & vt.(为……)做广告，宣传，征聘；公布(n. advertisement) furniture n．[U](总称)家具 　a piece/an article of furniture一件家具 三级词汇 abandon vt.抛弃；舍弃；放弃；遗弃(adj. abandoned) bat n．[C](网球、乒乓球等的)球拍；蝙蝠vi. & vt.用球板击球；挥打，拍打 belongings n．[C][pl.]财产，财物，动产；所有物(v. belong) 　personal belongings个人财物 bitter adj.严寒的；痛苦的；味苦的；激烈而不愉快的(adv. bitterly) 　bitter cold严寒 blanket n．[C]毯子，毛毯；毛毯似的东西 　a wet blanket扫兴的人，泼冷水的人 crew n．[集体名词](轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队，一群人 cruel adj.残酷的，残忍的，无情的，冷酷的(反kind) 　be cruel to对……残忍 cupboard n．[C]橱柜，壁橱，衣柜 enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的(n. enthusiasm) 　be enthusiastic about (doing) sth.对(做)某事很有热情 guidance n．[U]指导，引导；咨询；导航(v. guide) 　under the guidance of sb./under sb.'s guidance在某人的指导下 motor n．[C]发动机，马达adj.汽车的，有引擎的，机动车的 rough adj.风浪大的；汹涌的；粗略的；(表面)粗糙的 　rough weather狂风暴雨的天气 sink (sank/sunk, sunk) vt.(使)下沉，(使)沉没vi.消沉；降低，减弱；(高度)下降，倒下，坐下；沉没，下沉 voyage n．[C]航行；(尤指)航海vi.航海，航行 　go on/make/take a voyage航行 二级词汇 assign vt.分派，布置，分配(n. assignment) 　assign sb. to do sth.指派某人做某事 bark vi.(狗等)吠叫n.[C](狗)吠叫声；[U]树皮 candidate n．[C]申请人，候选人，应试者 commitment n．[C]承诺，保证；承诺的事/责任；[U]投入，奉献(commit，committed，committee) 　make a commitment to对……做出承诺 damp adj.潮湿的，湿气重的n.[U]潮气，湿气 envy vt.妒忌，羡慕n.[U]羡慕，妒忌；羡慕对象 　envy sb. (doing) sth.嫉妒某人(做)某事 miserable adj.令人难受的，痛苦的；悲惨的 qualified adj.(尤指做某项工作)符合资格，合格的，胜任的，具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)(quality，qualify，qualification) 　be qualified for胜任……的 　be qualified to do sth.有资格做某事 resolve n．[U][正式用语]决心，坚定的信念(resolution)vi. & vt.[正式用语]决定，决心vt.解决(问题或困难)(settle) 　resolve to do sth.决心做某事 　resolve a conflict/an issue/difficulties解决冲突/解决问题/解决难题 resolution n．[C]决议，决定，决心；[U][sing.]解决；[U]坚决，坚定 　make a resolution to do sth.下决心做某事 selfish adj.自私的(self，selfishly，selfishness) 　a selfish deed自私的行为 thorough adj.深入的，彻底的，细致的，详尽的(adv. thoroughly) wage n．[C][常用复数]工资，薪金 　high/low wages高/低薪 一级词汇 aboard adv. & prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)(n. &v. board) corporate adj.公司的；法人的；社团的(n. corporation) cosy adj.温馨的，舒适的，感觉舒服的 decent adj.相当不错的；得体的；正派的 episode n．[C](人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲 genuine adj.真诚的；真正的；可信赖的 　a genuine person一个真诚的人 loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的(n. loyalty) motive n．[C]动机，目的，原因(motivate，motivated，motivation) recreation n．[U]娱乐，消遣；[C]娱乐/消遣活动，游戏 good/bad-tempered adj.脾气好的/坏的 adversity n．[C]&[U]困境，逆境 perseverance n．[U]毅力，韧性，不屈不挠的精神 persevere vi.坚持，孜孜以求 ◆短语 from bad to worse每况愈下 give off放出(热、光、气味或气体) hold on坚持；别挂断，等一下；抓着……不放 make it成功；准时到达；渡过难关 turn sb. down拒绝某人 well and truly完全地，彻底地 in all directions向四面八方 be experienced in doing sth.在做某事方面有经验 move on (to sth.)开始做(别的事)；转换(话题) decide on/upon决定，选定 sign up for报名参加 必背句式 Don't (you) do sth.！你可不要做某事(否定祈使句)! There is nothing like...to do sth.没有什么比……做某事更好的了。 It is considered＋adj./n. ＋to do sth.做某事被认为是…… If it weren't for..., we would...要不是……，我们就…… such/so...that...如此……以至于…… 单元基础默写 Ⅰ.核心词块 1．a minimum _______ 最低工资 2．a _______ blow 沉重的打击 3．the lack of _______ 缺乏精力 4．be _____________ about sports对体育特别感兴趣 5． _______ the plane登机 wage bitter vigour enthusiastic aboard 6．cause _______ and jealousy惹来嫉妒和羡慕 7．______ to the bottom of the sea沉入海底 8．__________ the plan放弃这个计划 9．wrap a __________around the baby 用毯子把婴儿裹起来 10．personal ___________个人财物 11．___________ an issue解决问题 12．a __________job一份相当不错的工作 envy sink abandon blanket belongings resolve decent 13．a _______________man 一个坏脾气的男人 14．a very _____________person非常诚实可信的人 15．an ambulance _______救护车急救组 16．a _______dictator残暴的独裁者 17．in a _____________mess乱七八糟的 18．a piece of ______________一件家具 19．one _______________dog 一条狂吠的狗 bad-tempered genuine crew cruel thorough furniture barking 20．pick up the ball and ____it quickly 捡起球并迅速地击出 21．in ________conditions在潮湿的环境下 22．outdoor ________________户外娱乐 23．a _________draft of a speech演讲草稿 24．the perfect _____________for the job这项工作的最佳人选 25．made a ________________to keep working together 承诺要继续在一起工作 26．the profit __________利益动机 bat damp recreation rough candidate commitment motive Ⅱ.变形词汇 1．____________ n．资格；资历→ ____________ adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→ __________ v．(使)合格；(使)具有资格 2．___________ vt.放弃；舍弃；抛弃→ ___________ adj.被遗弃的；放纵的 3．___________ n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→ ___________ vi.坚持；孜孜以求 qualification qualified qualify abandon abandoned perseverance persevere 4．_________ vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n．决心；坚定的信念→ _____________ n．决议；解决；坚定 5． _______ n．残忍；残酷→ __________ adj.残忍的；残酷的；冷酷的 6． __________ vt.装修，布置→ _____________ adj.配备好装备的；带家具的→ __________ n．家具 7． ___________ adj.幸运的→ _____________ adv.幸运地→ _____________ adv.不幸地；遗憾地 resolve resolution cruelty cruel furnish furnished furniture fortunate fortunately unfortunately 8．___________ vt.& vi.做广告；公布；宣传→ ____________ n．广告商→ ____________ n．广告→ ____________ n．广告活动；广告业 9．_________ n．指导；引导；导航→ ______ vt.带领；引导 n．向导 10．____________ adj.公司的；法人的；社团的→ ____________ n．公司；法人(团体)；社团 advertise advertiser advertisement advertising guidance guide corporate corporation Ⅲ.拓展词汇 1．与“board”有关的词汇 ①board n．& v．董事会；木板；甲板；上(飞机、船等)；用板盖上；住宿 ②aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等) ③abroad adv. 到国外；在国外 ④broad adj.宽阔的；辽阔的；显著的 ⑤broadly adv.大体上 ⑥broadcast n．& v．广播；散布 ⑦broaden v．(使)扩大；(使)变宽 2．后缀“-ance”高频名词全接触 ①guidance指导；引导 ②importance 重要；重要性 ③assistance 帮助 ④significance 意义；重要性 ⑤appearance 出现 ⑥tolerance 宽容；容忍 ⑦performance 履行；表演 ⑧insurance 保险 Ⅳ.重点短语 1．____________________拒绝我 2．_________ for a new adventure 开始一次新的冒险 3．________________ monitor 被指定为班长 4．______________ an office all my life我一辈子都憋在办公室里 5．__________成功；(病痛)好转；及时抵达 6．__________ join the organization 申请加入该组织 7．drill wood to __________ 钻木取火 8．__________ an earthy aroma 散发着泥土的芳香 turn me down set off be assigned to be be stuck in make it apply to make fire give off Ⅴ.课文佳句 1．Well, ______________________one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.(It happened that...) 好吧，有一天早晨，我碰巧买了一份报纸，读到了这则有关南极探险的广告。 it so happened that 2．The voyage was __________________________________________ in our small boats.(too...to...) 这一航行对于我们所有人而言太危险、太艰难了，乘坐小船肯定无法让每个人都到达。 too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it 3．___________they were delayed? (What if...？) 如果他们被延误了怎么办？ 4．When we were finally rescued，we felt_________________ ________________________________________．(such...that...) 当我们最终获救时，我们如释重负，喜极而泣。 What if such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears 5．_______________________________ when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to！(感叹句) 当我回来告诉他们我去过的那些神奇的地方时，大家会多么羡慕我啊！ How everyone will envy me 基础知识检测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1．We are confident that we can win this competition.But we sincerely hope you will give us your _____________(guide) and encouragement. 2．(2022·浙江1月卷) On a website called No Fly Climate Sci，for example，__________ (rough) 200 academics—many of them climate scientists—have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. guidance roughly 3．Would you happen to have the business card in your personal _____________ (belong)? 4．You'll need to complete three written ____________(assign) per semester. 5．She made a ____________(resolve) to visit her relatives more often. belongings assignments resolution Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1．My cousin Mark is much healthier now.But he______________ __________________(曾有一些不好的饮食习惯). 2．Bicycles are environmentally friendly because_______________ _________________(它们不释放废气). used to have some bad eating habits they won't give off waste gas 3．I do hope _________________(她能振作起来) and accept the challenge of life bravely! 4．We may have various ways to _____________________(处理目前的状况)，but who can tell me which is the most suitable? 5．_______________________________ (他们的车陷在泥里)，so they had no choice but to wait for rescue. she can cheer up deal with such a situation Their car was stuck in the mud Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1．事故发生的时候，我碰巧经过现场。(it作形式主语) When the accident occurred，_____________I passed by the scene. 2．要不是你帮忙，我们不可能成功。(虚拟语气) _______________________________，we couldn't have succeeded. it happened that But for/Without your help 核心考点 互动探究 1.qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)(meeting the proper standards/requirements) ①The applicant was not ____________(qualify) to do the job as he didn't have the relevant experience required for the job. ②Studying computer lessons，which are designed for children，is an important _________________(qualify) for the job. ③I wasn't qualified __________(apply) for the job really but I got it anyhow. qualified qualification to apply ④我很活跃，善于交际，我确信我完全符合志愿者工作的条件。(申请信) Active and sociable, I do believe_______________________________ ______________． I'm perfectly qualified for the job as a volunteer (1)be qualified to do sth.有资格做某事 be qualified for...符合……的条件 (2)qualify vi.合格，取得资格(或学历) vt.使合格，使具备资格 qualify as...取得……资格 qualify for具备……的资格 qualify sb.for...使某人能胜任…… qualify sb.to do...使某人有资格做…… (3)qualification n．资格，资历；学历 have no qualifications for doing sth.没有做某事的资格 have no qualifications to do sth.没有做某事的资格 2.assign vt.分配，分派(give sb.sth. as a share or duty)；布置 ①The teacher assigned the three boys___ the task and each did his share. ②Develop good habits，like writing down your ____________(assign) and handing in your homework on time. ③她是如此优秀的航天员以至于她被指派在中国空间站执行了近6个月的任务。(写人) She is ____________________________________________________a nearly six-month mission in the Chinese space station. to assignment(s) such an excellent astronaut that she has been assigned to perform (1)assign sb.sth.＝assign sth.to sb.把某事/物安排给某人 assign sb.to sth.指派某人做某一项工作 assign sb.as...指派某人担任某一职务 assign sb.to do sth.指派某人做某事 (2)assignment n．(分派的)工作，任务；(工作等的)分派，布置 3.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃(leave)；放弃(stop doing)；陷入 n.放任；放纵 ①After so many failures，the man abandoned ________(he) to despair. ②They abandoned _____________(carry)out the plan because of the lack of money. ③The people were so excited that they jumped and shouted _______abandon. himself carrying with ④我们应该摒弃那些对我们的健康有害的坏习惯，如吸烟、喝酒等。(建议信) _______________________________________________________________________________ We should abandon those bad habits that are harmful to our health，such as smoking and drinking. (1)abandon oneself to...沉湎于……；纵情于…… abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 (2)with abandon放纵地；放任地 (3)abandoned adj.无约束的；放纵的；被抛弃的 4.turn...down拒绝(某人、某个建议等)(refuse, reject, decline)；把……调低 ①Please turn the volume__________，for I can't get what my friend said on the phone. ②I had been feeling so bad until she turned ____ and told me she would give me another chance. down up ③(2021·全国甲卷)Maybe you say “go，” or turn _____a certain song，or whatever. ④Because he didn't make full preparations for the interview，he was refused. →________________________________________________________________(非谓语动词作原因状语) on Not having made full preparations for the interview，he was turned down. turn up到达，露面；偶然出现；调大(音量等) turn off关掉(电灯、电视等) turn out结果是；生产；出席(某项活动)，在场 turn on打开(电流、煤气、水等) turn in上交；交还 turn back (使)折回，往回走 turn to sb.for help求助于某人 take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 5.give off 放出(热、光、气味或气体) ①The rotten eggs give ___________a bad smell. ②The argument went on for hours because neither side would give __． ③The job means a lot to him.How can he possibly give it_____? ④I was afraid the kids would give the whole thing ______． ⑤社区向失业者分发了食物。 __________________________________________________ out/off in up away The community gave out food to people out of work. give away 捐献；赠送；颁发；泄露(秘密)；丧失 give back 归还 give up 放弃 give out 用完(不用于被动语态)；分发；宣布；公布(常用于被动语态)；发出(光、热、信号等) give in 屈服；让步；交上 6.it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句；It (so) happened that...意为“碰巧……” [教材原句]　Well，it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition.好吧，有一天早晨，我碰巧买了一份报纸，读到了这则有关南极探险的广告。 ①I hope nothing has happened_____ them. ②_____ remains to be seen whether the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice. ③It suddenly hit me __________I had grown up and I had to look after myself and live independently. ④我突然想到我可以亲自动手做一盏灯笼。 ___________________________________I could make a lantern by myself. to It that It occurred to/hit/struck me that (1)常用于该句型的特殊动词(词组)：及物动词hit，strike；不及物动词happen，occur；动词词组make no difference，turn out等。 (2)happen的其他用法： 7.There is/was nothing like...“没有什么比……更……” [教材原句]　There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up.没有什么比得上一顿好饭和一点儿音乐能让我们振作起来了。 ①There's nothing______ woods on the other side of the highway. ②They were very generous and they usually sent us used books _______nothing. but for ③我认为什么都不如一次偶然的挫折更能使你明白你多么幸运。(主旨升华) I suppose__________________________________________________ ____________________． there's nothing like an occasional setback to make you realize how lucky you really are nothing but无非，只有，只不过 for nothing 无酬劳，无结果 have nothing to do with与……没关系 nothing less than不亚于；非常 nothing more than仅仅，只不过 跟踪检测 运用提升 层级一 过基础　核心知识精准练 维度1　单句语法填空 1．That refers to taking a ________(guide) tour in Central Asia. 2．They are _____________(qualify) for the marathon. 3．The Titanic，one of the largest ships ever built，struck an iceberg and _______(sink) on her first voyage. guided qualified sank 4．When I submitted the regulations I designed to my boss，he turned me ______ immediately. 5．Five members of Scott's ______________(expedite) made it to the South Pole. 6．Escaping from reality can be a strong motivation ____travel. 7．The man gave me an impression that he was not very enthusiastic _________the job. 8．My strength is giving _____so I can't accompany you to the bookstore as planned. down expedition for about out 维度2　熟词生义 1．Take filling up the kitchen sink as an example. _________ 2．And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the commitment Wilson made to preventing the preventable. _______ 3．“I carry this with me at all times，”Vicki said without batting an eyelid. ________ n.洗碗池 n.奉献 vt.眨眼 维度3　一句多译/词汇升级/句式升级 1．你给我打电话时，我碰巧在楼上。 ①___________________ upstairs when you rang me up. ②_________________I was upstairs when you rang me up. 2．Unexpectedly，the manager refused me before I explained the details to him. →Unexpectedly，the manager ________________before I explained the details to him. I happened to be It so happened that turned me down 3．As he abandoned himself to smoking，he suffered from lung cancer. →① _____________________，he suffered from lung cancer.(过去分词短语作状语) →② ___________________________，he suffered from lung cancer.(现在分词短语作状语) Abandoned to smoking Abandoning himself to smoking 提能1　单元话题写作 人生中有众多的困难需要我们去克服。一名水手热衷于航海，起初他被拒绝了，但他没有气馁，最后成了一名著名的航海家。 层级二 提能力　必备素养提升练 根据以上信息及提示补全下面文章。 As we all know，there are numerous ①___________ (adversity) in our life.A sailor，who was ②_______________ (在……岁时) 19 and ③_________________ (热衷于) sailing，wanted to join in an expedition. ④____________(fortunately)，he ⑤ _______________(拒绝) by the captain at first though he was ⑥____________ (qualify) for the position.But he didn't give up.He told the captain that he had energy (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：⑦__________) and endurance and he adversities at the age of enthusiastic about Unfortunately was turned down qualified vigour could complete the tasks ⑧___________ (assign) by the captain.He said，“I ⑨_________________________ (一直盼望) the voyage for a long time.”Finally，the genuine sailor made ⑩ ___． assigned have been looking forward to it 提能2　单元读写结合 [教材续写语料] 情感描写 cosy adj.温馨的；舒适的 miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的→miserably adv.痛苦地 good/bad-tempered adj.脾气好的/坏的 genuine adj.真正的；真诚的；可信赖的 bitter adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的→bitterly adv.伤心地；愤恨地；极其 enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的 envy n．& vt.羡慕；妒忌→envious adj.忌妒的；羡慕的 selfish adj.自私的 cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的 loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的 commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的 动作描写 sink vi.沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没 abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃；遗弃 bark vi.& n．(狗)吠叫；吠叫声；厉声质问 resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) [续写语料运用] 请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 得知儿子汤姆沉溺于电脑游戏，妈妈的心一沉，然后伤心地哭了起来。接着，她勃然大怒，厉声质问汤姆，“你一直都是一个如此好脾气、真诚、热情、忠诚的孩子，其他人都羡慕你。”汤姆痛苦地抽泣道：“我不知道如何解决上次考试完全失败的问题。”听到这里，妈妈冲向汤姆，把他揽入怀中，拍着他的后背，喃喃细语道：“只要你致力于学习，你就会取得更大的进步。” Learning that her son，Tom，_____________________________，_____________________and then she ____________．Then，she exploded with anger and ______________________，“You are always such____________________________________________________________________．” Tom ________________，“I don't know how to __________________________in the last exam.” Hearing this，the mother hurried to Tom，gathered him into her arms and patted him on the back，murmuring，“As long as _____________________________，you can make much more progress.” was abandoned to computer games the mother's heart sank wept bitterly barked questions at Tom a good-tempered，genuine，enthusiastic and loyal boy that others envy you sobbed miserably resolve the complete failure you are committed to your study [名篇品读] All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live.Sometimes it was as long as a year，sometimes as short as 24 hours.But always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed hero chose to spend his last days or his last hours.I speak，of course，of free men who have a choice，not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited. —Three Days to See 我们都读过震撼人心的故事，故事中的主人公只能再活一段很有限的规定时间。有时长达一年，有时却短至一日。但我们总是想要知道，注定要离世的人会选择如何度过自己最后的时光。当然，我说的是那些有选择权利的自由人，而不是那些活动范围受到严格限定的死囚。 ——《假如给我三天光明》 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·辽宁沈阳五校联考)“Why do you always apologize before you ask a question？I don't get it，”Dan asked.I looked at him blankly，not understanding what he meant but felt that there was more than a trace of annoyance in his tone. I felt defensive.I thought for a moment.“There's no reason for it.You shouldn't do that，”he said.“Sorry if it annoys you，”I responded.I probably annoyed him again by apologizing again. This happened over 35 years ago.I thought about it then，and I still reflect on it now.Asking questions in class or in conversation isn't that simple，at least not to me. As I thought about it，many things came into play.First things were self-consciousness and insecurity.Maybe I had missed something the professor said.I knew some students，as a result of those doubts，didn't ask questions.I had enough confidence to ask，but not enough to not soften it.I realized，as Dan pointed out，that I likely did start with something like，“Sorry，maybe I missed this，but can you explain ...” I wondered whether there was anything so wrong with that. I don't think it occurred to me at the time，but it did years later，and it also probably related to being female.I knew that as a woman there was a line of not coming across too aggressively.Besides，I became conscious of not implying judgement—I didn't want a professor to think I was questioning his expertise，or suggesting he was a bad teacher.It seemed like a reasonable strategy to start by acknowledging that I could be wrong or uninformed. Before Dan's comment，I hadn't thought about it consciously，much less had considered that there could be a downside to doing it.But I was learning that there was.If Dan was an example，it could be unpleasant.I didn't want to go around apologizing for my existence.As I've gotten older，I think I've done it less. 【语篇解读】　作者曾经因为在问问题之前经常会说“对不起”而被质疑，之后她开始反思并减少这种行为。 2 3 1 4 1．How did the author feel when hearing Dan's question at first? A．Sorry.　　　　　　 B．Funny. C．Puzzled. D．Annoyed. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I looked at him blankly，not understanding what he meant”可知，当作者听到Dan的问题时她首先是困惑的。 2 3 1 4 2．What does the underlined word“it”in paragraph 5 probably refer to? A．The reason for lacking confidence. B．The author's habit of saying sorry. C．The importance of asking a question. D．The author's attitude towards females. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句“I don't think...to being female.”可知，作者当时不认为这发生在她身上了，但几年后它的确发生了，它也可能与自己本身是女性有关。再根据下文的解释可知，it指代的应是作者在问问题前说抱歉的习惯。 2 3 1 4 3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Making comments is risky. B．Dan broke up with the author. C．The author no longer said sorry. D．Saying sorry may annoy others. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者从Dan的语气中感受到的不仅仅是一点点生气。根据最后一段中的“But I was learning...it could be unpleasant.”可知，作者知道了这样做是不利的。如果Dan是一个例子，它可能是不愉快的。由此可推知，问问题前总是说抱歉可能会让他人生气。 2 3 1 4 4．What is mainly talked about in the text? A．The art of asking a question. B．The technique of apologizing. C．The conflicts between classmates. D．The reasons for asking a question. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 主旨大意题。浏览全文可知，本文讲述了别人对作者问问题时的习惯进行质疑，然后作者对自己问问题的方式进行了分析和反思，由此可知，A选项“问问题的艺术”可以概括文章主旨。 B (2023·湖北黄冈质检) The top-selling album Songs of the Humpback Whale was released in 1970.This collection of nature recordings changed the way many people thought about whales and eventually helped save thousands of whales' lives. The album might never have been made if it hadn't been for a US Navy engineer named Frank Watlington.In the 1950s，Watlington was making underwater recordings when he noticed some strange，deep sounds，which he realized were coming from whales. Watlington played the recordings for a pair of biologists named Roger Payne and Katy Payne.When they listened，they were instantly fascinated by the beauty of the whales' voices. Katy Payne studied music as well as biology，and she was amazed by how the whales communicate like an opera singer.She also noticed another interesting detail：They had recognizable patterns.In biology terms，an animal call with a repeating pattern is called a song.The songs of whales are so complex that some scientists have even compared them to composers and poets. The Paynes thought that other people needed to hear the beauty of the whales' songs，so Roger organized the recordings into an album.At the time when the album came out，whales were often hunted and traded for money and some whale species were dying out.Most people had never thought of whales as creatures that could communicate through songs.But after hearing the album，many people began to think differently. The album led people to start the Save the Whales movement.Musicians began using whale songs in their music，and whales were included in movies and television shows.In 1986，the deep-sea whaling was banned. It might seem incredible that just one album could help save the lives of so many whales.But this one-of-a-kind album revealed secrets long hidden beneath the waves and allowed these amazing creatures to finally share their songs with the human world. 【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了《座头鲸之歌》背后的制作故事，并讲述了该专辑帮助拯救了很多鲸鱼的生命。 5 6 7 8 5．What is the purpose of the text? A．To call on people to save whales. B．To prove that whales are born singers. C．To explain how a good album was made. D．To introduce a popular album and its stories. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 写作意图题。根据第一段“The top-selling album...whales' lives.”并结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了畅销专辑《座头鲸之歌》及其制作故事。 5 6 7 8 6．Who first found the special voices of the whales? A．A song recorder. B．An opera singer. C．A US Navy engineer. D．A pair of biologists. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The album might never have been made if it hadn't been for a US Navy engineer named Frank Watlington...from whales.”可知，海军工程师Frank Watlington是第一个发现鲸鱼的特殊声音的人。 5 6 7 8 7．What surprised Katy Payne about the whales? A．They could talk with scientists. B．They could sing like an opera singer. C．They could repeat interesting sounds. D．They could communicate through songs. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“she was amazed by how the whales communicate like an opera singer”和“an animal call with a repeating pattern is called a song”可知，Katy Payne对于鲸鱼可以通过歌声交流感到惊讶。 5 6 7 8 8．Which is one of the values of the album? A．It successfully stopped deep-sea whaling. B．It helped people understand whales better. C．It made some music and movie stars popular. D．It encouraged musicians to work with scientists. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“this one-of-a-kind album...their songs with the human world”可知，该专辑的价值之一在于帮助人们更好地了解鲸鱼。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 【语篇解读】　社交媒体会给我们的生活带来负面影响，但是，我们可以利用一些方法使自己摆脱对社交媒体的依赖，同时享受其带来的好处。 (2023·湖北黄石调研) We live in a switched-on world in which it's almost unthinkable to be without social media for so much as a day.The colorful images，interesting videos，bite-sized info，easy-to-read stories，viewing other people's lives all is designed to keep us addicted. 1 . An increasing number of studies indicate that social media can have a negative impact on our relationships IRL (that's “in real life” for non-techies).The good news is that you don't have to go backwards to avoid the dangers of social media. 2 ． 1 2 3 4 5 A．Stay focused B．Scroll freely C．Comparison is the thief of joy D．However，there is a darker aspect E．No man is happy but by comparison F．This time-management strategy breaks your time up into periods G．Instead，you can free yourself from dependence but still enjoy the positive side 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 空前讲到社交媒体会让我们上瘾，空后讲到社交媒体对我们现实生活中的人际关系有负面影响，这些均是对社交媒体的危害的描述。由此可知，D项“然而，还有更黑暗的一面”承上启下，符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 (2023·湖北黄石调研) We live in a switched-on world in which it's almost unthinkable to be without social media for so much as a day.The colorful images，interesting videos，bite-sized info，easy-to-read stories，viewing other people's lives all is designed to keep us addicted. 1 . An increasing number of studies indicate that social media can have a negative impact on our relationships IRL (that's “in real life” for non-techies).The good news is that you don't have to go backwards to avoid the dangers of social media. 2 ． 1 2 3 4 5 A．Stay focused B．Scroll freely C．Comparison is the thief of joy D．However，there is a darker aspect E．No man is happy but by comparison F．This time-management strategy breaks your time up into periods G．Instead，you can free yourself from dependence but still enjoy the positive side 答案：G 1 2 3 4 5 分析语境寻线索：根据上文中的“The good news is that you don't have to go backwards to avoid the dangers of social media.”并结合下文内容可知，空处承接上一句应该会讲到可以避免社交媒体的危害→对比选项定答案：G项“相反，你可以使自己摆脱对社交媒体的依赖，同时享受其带来的好处”符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 Set time limits Try the Pomodoro Technique. 3 . Using this method，you break your workday into 25-minute periods separated by 5-minute breaks.Use an ordinary kitchen timer(to get away from using your phone)to set limits and schedule an activity to do afterwards.Then when the timer rings，step away from your device and turn off those notifications. 4 1 2 3 4 5 A．Stay focused B．Scroll freely C．Comparison is the thief of joy D．However，there is a darker aspect E．No man is happy but by comparison F．This time-management strategy breaks your time up into periods G．Instead，you can free yourself from dependence but still enjoy the positive side 答案：F 1 2 3 4 5 分析语境寻线索：空前一句讲到了“the Pomodoro Technique(番茄工作法)”，空后讲到的“Using this method，you break your workday into 25-minute periods”呼应这种方法，因此，空处应该还会讲到这种方法，且这种方法是将时间分割的方法→对比选项定答案：F项“这种时间管理策略把你的时间分成几个时间段”符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 4 The infinite scroll(无限滚动)，as it's termed by developers，is specifically designed to keep you aimlessly looking at news feeds and passively taking in everything you see.Before you go online，decide what you're going for and stick to it.In this focused way you can go straight to what you want to see without mindlessly scrolling for things that don't support your intentions. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Stay focused B．Scroll freely C．Comparison is the thief of joy D．However，there is a darker aspect E．No man is happy but by comparison F．This time-management strategy breaks your time up into periods G．Instead，you can free yourself from dependence but still enjoy the positive side 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 根据本段中的“Before you go online，decide what you're going for and stick to it.In this focused way...intentions.”可知，本段主要讲要明白自己上网的目的，保持专注，故A项适合作本段的小标题。 1 2 3 4 5 Avoid comparison 5 . This famous saying has never been truer than when we see other people's seemingly “perfect lives” online.It can leave us feeling that we're simply not good enough.Although comparing ourselves to others is normal human behavior，remember that people's social media pages are not a true reflection of their real life. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Stay focused B．Scroll freely C．Comparison is the thief of joy D．However，there is a darker aspect E．No man is happy but by comparison F．This time-management strategy breaks your time up into periods G．Instead，you can free yourself from dependence but still enjoy the positive side 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 根据小标题Avoid comparison并分析选项可知，答案锁定C和E项。结合下文中的描述“when we see other people's seemingly ‘perfect lives’ online.It can leave us feeling that we're simply not good enough.”可知，攀比会剥夺我们的幸福感，故C项符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 Ⅲ.应用文写作 (2023·广东惠州期末) 假定你是李华，在英语课上，老师要求各小组合作创作一首英文五行诗 (cinquain)，并对其进行阐释。这是你们小组所写的诗歌，请你作为小组代表，上台做一分钟发言。内容包括： 1．诗的特征； 2．创作意图。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 Good morning，everyone！_______________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That's all.Thank you for listening! [参考范文] Good morning，everyone! I'm honored to share with you a poem written by our team，a cinquain with the theme of adversity. As we know，a cinquain，consisting of five lines，is a simple form of poems that amateurs can easily write.The poem we wrote aims to offer an insight into adversity，which is filled with challenges but rewards us in our daily life.Faced with difficulties，we may fail.However，we should reflect on ourselves and continue with courage and perseverance rather than give up.Surely，we'll gain valuable experience，which will undoubtedly build up our confidence and enable us to grow up.Let's cope with adversity with a brave heart. That's all.Thank you for listening! $$