话题7 语言学习的规律、方法等-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习话题课件

主题语境一 人与自我 主题(一) 生活与学习 话题7　语言学习的规律、 方法等 课件使用说明 01 本课件使Office 2016制作，请使用相应软件打开并使用 使用软件 02 本课件理科公式均采用微软公式制作，如果您是Office 2007或WPS 2021年4月份以前的版本，会出现包含公式及数字无法编辑的情况，请您升级软件享受更优质体验 软件版本 03 本课件文本框内容可编辑，单击文本框即可进行修改和编辑 便捷操作 04 由于WPS软件原因，少量电脑可能存在理科公式无动画的问题，请您安装Office 2016或以上版本即可解决该问题 软件更新 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 高考真题精研 基础考点探究 基础知识达标 写作能力提升 课时作业 高考真题精研 第一组 Passage 1　阅读理解(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·D) 　　Human speech contains more than 2，000 different sounds，from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.But why are certain sounds more common than others？ A ground-breaking，five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages. More than 30 years ago，the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals，such as “f” and “v”，were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods.Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich， Switzerland，has found how and why this trend arose. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐)，making it hard to produce labiodentals，which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later，our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构)， making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period.Food became easier to chew at this point.The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large. 　　Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age， with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today. This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300，000 years ago.“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings，but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，” said Steven Moran，a member of the research team. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类语音 的演变与人类的饮食变化之间的关联研究。 32. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on？ A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development. 答案：D 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段的内容可知，Damián Blasi 的研究集中在语音的发展上。故选D项。 32 33 34 35 33. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals？ A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth. B. They could not open and close their lips easily. C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured. D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough. 答案：C 32 33 34 35 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容“他们发现古代成年人的上下 门牙是对齐的，很难产生唇齿音，而唇齿音由下唇接触上牙产 生。之后，我们下巴的结构变成了覆咬合结构，这让我们更容 易产生这样的声音”可知，古代人的下巴构造使他们很难发出 唇齿音。故选C项。 32 33 34 35 34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about？ A. Supporting evidence for the research results. B. Potential application of the research findings. C. A further explanation of the research methods. D. A reasonable doubt about the research process. 答案：A 32 33 34 35 段落大意题。根据第五段的内容“对语言数据库的分析也证实，新 石器时代之后，国际语言的发音发生了全球性的变化，‘f’和‘v’的 使用在过去几千年中显著增加。这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的 语言中仍然找不到”可知，第五段主要列出了一些可以使研究结果 更令人信服的证据。故选A项。 32 33 34 35 35. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds？ A. It is key to effective communication. B. It contributes much to cultural diversity. C. It is a complex and dynamic system. D. It drives the evolution of human beings. 答案：C 32 33 34 35 观点态度题。根据最后一段中Steven Moran所说的话“自从人类出 现以来，我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定，今天我们发现的各种语 音都是生物变化和文化进化等事物相互作用的产物”可知，Steven Moran认为人类语音是一个复杂的动态系统。故选C项。 32 33 34 35 【词汇识记】 1. ground-breaking adj.开拓性的，突破性的 2. structure n.结构 3. analysis n.分析(analyses pl.) 4. database n.数据库 5. overturn v.推翻 6. complex adj.复杂的 7. biological adj.生物的 8. potential adj.潜在的；可能的 9. dynamic adj.动态的；发展变化的 10. note v.指出；特别提到 11. remarkably adv.惊人地 12. common adj.共同的；常见的；普通的 13. confirm vt.确认；证实 14. trend n.趋势 15. at this point在这个时期 16. the huge variety of种类繁多的 17. be connected with与……有关 18. evidence n.证据，证明→evident adj.明显的→evidently adv.明显 地，显然地 19. evolve v.进化；进步；发展→evolution n.进化 20. convenient adj.方便的，便利的→convenience n.方便，便利 →inconvenient adj.不方便的；麻烦的→conveniently adv.便利地；合 宜地 【熟词生义】(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) It drives the evolution of human beings. ⁠ 【难句分析】 1. A ground-breaking，five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages. 推动　 [译文选择] A. 一项为期五年的突破性研究表明，由于饮食改变，人类咬合发 生了变化，从而产生了一些新的语音，这些语音目前存在于世界上 一半的语言中。 B. 一项为期五年的突破性研究表明，由于人类咬合发生了变化， 饮食也发生了改变，从而产生了一些新的语音，这些语音目前存在 于世界上一半的语言中。(　A　) A [结构分析] 本句是主从复合句。第一个that引导宾语从句，宾语从句的谓语为 led to，在宾语从句中有一个that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 speech sounds。 2. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned，making it hard to produce labiodentals， which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. [译文选择] A. 他们发现古代成年人的上下门牙是对齐的，很难发出唇齿音， 这就形成了上牙需要碰触到下嘴唇时才能发出的唇齿音。 B. 他们发现古代成年人的上下门牙是对齐的，很难产生唇齿音， 而唇齿音由下唇接触上牙产生。(　B　) B [结构分析] 本句为主从复合句。They discovered 为主句，that引导宾语从句， making it hard...为现在分词短语作状语，which引导非限制性定语从 句，修饰先行词labiodentals。 3. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings，but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution，” said Steven Moran，a member of the research team. [译文选择] A. 研究组成员史蒂芬·莫兰说：“自从人类出现后，我们使用的这 套语音并不是一成不变的。相反，我们今天发现的相当多的语音正 是多种事物复杂的相互作用下的产物，如生物进化与文化演变。” B. 研究组成员史蒂芬·莫兰说：“自从人类出现后，我们使用的这 套语音并不是一成不变的。相反，我们今天发现的相当多的语音正 是生物进化与文化演变相互作用下的产物。”(　A　) A [结构分析] 本句是一个并列句，为not...but...的并列结构。前半句的主干为The set of speech sounds has not necessarily remained stable，后半句的主 干为the huge variety of speech sounds is the product of...things。 Passage 2　语法填空(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者教熊猫饲 养员英语的经历。 　　Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo，I almost always get a questioning look.Behind it，the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals？ Since June 2017，right before the 56. 　　　　 (arrive) of the two new pandas，Meng Meng and Jiao Qing，I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 57. 　　　　  (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English 58. 　　　　？ 56. 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词before的宾语， 跟在定冠词the的后面，需要用名词，arrive的名词形式是arrival。 故填arrival。 答案：arrival 57. 考查词性转换。根据空前的并列连词and可知，空处与空前的形 容词comfortable并列，同作feel的表语，因此，空处也需要填形容 词。故填confident。 答案：confident 58. 考查介词。根据下文中的“Not the pandas...They talk to the flood of international tourists”可知，此处的意思是“他们和谁说英语 呢”。故填to/with。 答案：to/with Not the pandas，even though 59. 　　　　 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60. 　　　　 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas，which are on loan from China.They also need to be ready to give 61. 　　　　 (interview) in English with international journalists.This is 62. 　　　　 they need an English trainer. 59. 考查冠词。空后为可数名词单数language，因此，空处考虑使用 冠词起限定作用，根据language后的“used for the medical training instructions”可知，此处表示特指，所以空处应该填定冠词the。 答案：the 60. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作前置定语，修饰 空后的“Chinese zookeepers”，visit与Chinese zookeepers之间为逻 辑上的主谓关系，此处意为“来访的中国动物园管理员”，所以空 处需要填visiting。 答案：visiting 61. 考查名词的单复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词give的宾 语，需要用名词。根据空后的“with international journalists” 可 知，空处表示复数意义，所以空处需要填interviews。 答案：interviews 62. 考查表语从句的引导词。根据句意“他们还需要随时准备好接 受国际记者的英文采访。这就是他们需要一个英语培训师的原因” 可知，此处考查固定句型“This is why...”，所以空处需要填why。 答案：why So，what are they learning？ 63. 　　　　 (basic)，how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 64. 　　　　 to see the pandas settle into their new home.As a little girl，I 65. 　　　　 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now，I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English. 63. 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处作副词修饰整个句 子。由于本空位于句首，首字母需要大写，所以空处需要填 Basically。 答案：Basically 64. 考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空前的“to watch...develop”和 空后的“to see...home”结构相似，空处考虑使用连词。结合句意 “能够关注大熊猫项目的发展并看着大熊猫在新的住处安顿下来是 一种荣幸”可知，空处前后是语意上的并列关系，所以空处应该填 and。 答案：and 65. 考查动词的时态。根据空前的“As a little girl”和空后的 “when I grew up”“Now，I’m living out that dream”可知，空处 讲的是作者小时候的愿望，故时态应用一般过去时，所以空处需要 填wished。 答案：wished 【词汇识记】 1. instruction n.指令；用法说明 adj.说明用法的；操作指南的 2. figure out解决；算出；想出；理解 3. check on检查；上班 4. on loan 借用中 5. live out实践；(在某处或某种境况下)度过余生；身体力行 6. honor n.荣誉；荣幸 v.尊敬；给予……的光荣→honorable adj.光荣 的；诚实的；正直的；尊敬的 7. directly adv.直接地 conj.一……就……→indirectly adv.间接地；不 诚实；迂回地 【熟词生义】(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas，which are on loan from China. ⁠ 大量(的人或事物)　 [话题词汇回测] 1. n.结构 2. n.( pl.)分析 3. adj.复杂的 4. adj.潜在的；可能的 5. adj.动态的；发展变化的 6. adv.惊人地 7. adj.共同的；常见的；普通的 8. vt.确认；证实 structure　 analysis　 analyses　 complex　 potential　 dynamic　 remarkably　 common　 confirm　 9. n.趋势 10. n.指令；用法说明 adj.说明用法的；操作指南的 11. 解决；算出；想出；理解 12. 检查；上班 13. 借用中 14. 实践；(在某处或某种境况下)度过余生；身体力行 15. 在这个时期 16. 种类繁多的 17. 与……有关 trend　 instruction　 figure out　 check on　 on loan　 live out　 at this point　 the huge variety of　 be connected with　 18. evidence n.证据，证明→ adj.明显的→ ⁠ adv.明显地，显然地 19. evolve v.进化；进步；发展→ n.进化 20. convenient adj.方便的，便利的→ n.方便，便利 → adj.不方便的；麻烦的→ adv.便 利地；合宜地 21. honor n.荣誉；荣幸 v.尊敬；给予……的光荣→ ⁠ adj.光荣的；诚实的；正直的；尊敬的 22. directly adv.直接地 conj.一……就……→ adv.间接 地；不诚实；迂回地 evident　 evidently　 evolution　 convenience　 inconvenient　 conveniently　 honorable　 indirectly　 第二组 Passage 1　阅读理解(2019·全国Ⅰ卷·B) 　　For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue，N. Y. ， today is speech day，and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn.The 8-year- old is the joker of the class.With shining dark eyes，he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking. But he’s nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should...should...” Chris trips on the “-ld，” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.His teacher，Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering support.“...Vote for...me...”Except for some stumbles，Chris is doing amazingly well.When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion，Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. A son of immigrants，Chris started learning English a little over three years ago.Whaley recalls (回想起) how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom. Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience.What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.“It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains， “especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’” Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.The answer broke his heart.Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves. “Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities，”Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.” 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小学教师惠利 通过组织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信的教学实践。 24. What made Chris nervous？ A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech. C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question. 答案：B 24 25 26 27 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词nervous可定位到第二段第一 句，然后再到上文中找使他紧张的因素。根据第一段中的 “...today is speech day，and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn.”以及“...he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.”可知，今天是演讲日，现在轮到了克里斯， 虽然他看起来像那种喜欢在公共场合讲话的孩子，但是他很紧 张。由此可知，演讲使克里斯紧张。 24 25 26 27 25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to？ A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners. C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes. 答案：A 24 25 26 27 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“...you should...should...”以及 “...Vote for...me...”这样的语句特点可知，克里斯的演讲不流畅， 也就是说有不适当的停顿。这是他表现不好的地方，与画线词后的 句意“他完成得非常好”构成转折关系，与短语except for的语意相 呼应。 24 25 26 27 26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to  　　　　. A. help students see their own strengths B. assess students’ public speaking skills C. prepare students for their future jobs D. inspire students’ love for politics 答案：A 24 25 26 27 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public.He wants these kids to learn to boast about themselves.”可知，惠利创办这个项目的目的 不仅仅是让学生学会阅读和在公共场合演讲，他还希望学生学会自 夸。A项意为“帮助学生看到自己的长处”，与原文意思相符。 24 25 26 27 27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher？ A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding. 答案：C 24 25 26 27 推理判断题。文章介绍了惠利老师通过创办“总统竞选项目”，组 织学生演讲来帮助学生增强自信。根据第二段中的“His teacher， Thomas Whaley，is next to him，whispering support.”以及 “...Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.”等细节也可看 出惠利老师是一个关心学生的老师。 24 25 26 27 【词汇识记】 1. joker n.爱开玩笑的人 2. whisper n.& v.耳语；暗示；私下说 3. vote n.& v.投票，选举；表决 4. immigrant n.移民 5. excuse v.请求准许离开；找借口；原谅，宽恕 n.借口，理由 6. boast v.自夸；夸口说 7. pause v.暂停，停顿，中止；踌躇 n.暂停；间歇 8. shining adj.发光的，闪亮的；(成就)辉煌的 9. raise vt.增加，提高；抚养；筹款；饲养 n.上升；加薪；高地 10. manner n.方式，方法 11. demanding adj.要求严格的；费力的 12. presidential adj.总统的；与总统有关的 13. campaign n.运动；战役 vi.参加运动 14. except for 除了……之外 15. bring sth. to a conclusion使某事结束 16. call upon呼吁；要求；号召；(短暂)拜访 17. in public当众；公开地 18. except prep.除……之外→exception n.例外→exceptional adj.杰出 的，非凡的；特别的→exceptionally adv.极其，非常 19. amaze vt.使吃惊→amazed adj.吃惊的；惊讶的→amazing adj.令 人吃惊的；令人惊讶的→amazement n.吃惊，惊愕→amazingly adv. 令人惊讶地 20. proper adj.适当的→improper adj.不正确的；不适当的→properly adv.适当地；正确地 【熟词生义】(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) Chris trips on the “-ld，” a pronunciation difficulty for many non- native English speakers. ⁠ 【难句分析】 “It takes a lot for any student，”Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’” 磕巴　 [译文选择] A. 惠利解释道：“对于任何一个学生来说，要有足够的信心说， ‘我不知道，但我想知道。’都需要花费很多时间，尤其是对于一个 把英语作为新语言来学习的学生来说。” B. 惠利解释道：“对于任何一个学生来说，要有足够的信心说， ‘我不知道，但我想知道。’都需要付出很多，尤其是对于一个把英 语作为新语言来学习的学生来说。”(　B　) B [结构分析] 本句的基本结构是：“It takes a lot for any student to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’”。who is learning English as their new language是定语从句，修饰先行词a student。 Passage 2　阅读理解(2018·全国Ⅰ卷·C) 　　Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years， but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers， small， tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago， when the world had just five to ten million people， they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them. Soon afterwards， many of those people started settling down to become farmers， and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries， trade， industrialisation， the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education， especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades， all have caused many languages to disappear， and dominant languages such as English， Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. At present， the world has about 6，800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.  The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages， often spoken by many people， while hot， wet zones have lots， often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages； the Americas about 1，000； Africa 2，400； and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200， of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6，000， which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that. Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction (消亡)， with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick， at random， Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers)， Chiapaneco in Mexico (150)， Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one， with a question-mark)：none of these seems to have much chance of survival. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上语言的 种类随着人类社会的发展而逐渐减少这一现象。 28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times？ A. They developed very fast. B. They were large in number. C. They had similar patterns. D. They were closely connected. 答案：B 28 29 30 31 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago， when the world had just five to ten million people， they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them.”可 知，一些语言专家认为，一万年前，当世界上只有500万到1 000万 人时，他们之间可能说12 000种语言。由此可推断，采猎文明时期 的语言种类很多。A项曲解文义，文中提到采猎文明时期语言很 多，但这不代表语言发展快。 28 29 30 31 C、D两项颠倒是非，根据第一段中的“small， tightly knit groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other”可 知，这些语言是相互独立的，不具有相似模式，语言间也没有密切 联系。 28 29 30 31 29. Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2？ A. Complex. B. Advanced. C. Powerful. D. Modern. 答案：C 28 29 30 31 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“...all have caused many languages to disappear， and dominant languages such as English， Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.” 可知，人类社会发展的很多因素导致许多语言消失，而逐渐被 如英语、西班牙语、汉语等语言取代，这就暗示出这些语言是 “占优势的”，故选C项powerful (强大的，有影响力的)。 complex复杂的；advanced先进的；modern现代的。 28 29 30 31 30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6，000 people at present？ A. About 6，800. B. About 3，400. C. About 2，400. D. About 1，200. 答案：B 28 29 30 31 数字计算题。根据第三段中的“At present， the world has about 6， 800 languages.”可知，目前世界上有大约6 800种语言；再根据 “The median number of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.”可 知，目前世界上一半的语言的使用人数少于6 000，也就是说有大 约3 400种语言的使用人数少于6 000。 28 29 30 31 31. What is the main idea of the text？ A. New languages will be created. B. People’s lifestyles are reflected in languages. C. Human development results in fewer languages. D. Geography determines language evolution. 答案：C 28 29 30 31 主旨大意题。文章介绍了语言的种类随着人类社会的发展而逐 渐减少这一现象，故C项概括全面。A项颠倒是非，文章介绍的 是语言的减少而不是新语言的创造。B、D两项无中生有，文中 没有提到人们的生活方式会反映到语言上，也没有提到地理决 定语言的发展。 28 29 30 31 【词汇识记】 1. tightly adv.紧紧地；坚固地 2. industrialisation n.工业化 3. uneven adj.不均匀的；不平坦的 4. universal adj.普遍的；共同的；全世界的；普遍存在的 5. compulsory adj.必须做的，强制的，强迫的；义务的 6. globalisation n.全球化 7. increasingly adv.越来越多地；不断增加地 8. relatively adv.相对地；相当地；相当程度上 9. total adj.总的；完全的 n.总额；总数；合计；总计 vt.共计 10. elderly adj.上了年纪的 n.老人 11. settle down安定下来；定居 12. account for数量上占 13. take over接管 14. at random随机地，随便地 15. have much chance of有很大的机会 16. distribute vt.分发，分配，分送→distributor n.经销商；分销商 →distribution n.分发，分配 17. survive vi.& vt.幸存；活下来→survival n.幸存→survivor n. 幸存者 18. depend v.依靠；取决于→dependent adj.依赖的→dependence n.依 赖，依靠→independence n.独立→independent adj.独立的；单独的 →independently adv.独立地；单独地 【熟词生义】(写出句中黑体词的汉语意思) When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers，small， tightly knit groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. ⁠ 居住于；构成……的人口　 【难句分析】 1. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages， often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers. [译文选择] A. 一般规律是，温和地区相对有些语言，通常有很多人说，当炎 热潮湿的时候，语言较多，通常只有少数人说。 B. 一般规律是，温和地区的语言相对较少，通常有很多人说，而 炎热潮湿地区的语言较多，通常只有少数人说。(　B　) B [结构分析] that引导了一个表语从句，从句中while表示前后对比，翻译成“然 而”。 2. Europe has only around 200 languages；the Americas about 1， 000；Africa 2，400；and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200，of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. [译文选择] A. 欧洲只有大约200种语言；美洲约有1 000种；非洲有2 400种； 亚洲和太平洋地区可能有3，200种，其中，仅巴布亚新几内亚就有 远远超过800种。 B. 欧洲只有大约200种语言；美洲约有1 000种；非洲有2 400种； 亚洲和太平洋地区的巴布亚新几内亚可能有4 000种。(　A　) A [结构分析] of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800是定语从 句，修饰3 200。 [话题词汇回测] 1. adj.发光的，闪亮的；(成就)辉煌的 2. n.& v.耳语；暗示；私下说 3. n.& v.投票，选举；表决 4. n.移民 5. n.方式，方法 6. adj.要求严格的；费力的 7. n.运动；战役 vi.参加运动 8. adv.紧紧地；坚固地 shining　 whisper　 vote　 immigrant　 manner　 demanding　 campaign　 tightly　 9. n.工业化 10. adj.不均匀的；不平坦的 11. adj.普遍的；共同的；全世界的；普遍存在的 12. adj.必须做的，强制的，强迫的；义务的 13. n.全球化 14. adv.越来越多地；不断增加地 15. adv.相对地；相当地；相当程度上 16. adj.总的；完全的 n.总额；总数；合计；总计 vt.共计 17. adj.上了年纪的 n.老人 industrialisation　 uneven　 universal　 compulsory　 globalisation　 increasingly　 relatively　 total　 elderly　 18. 安定下来；定居 19. 数量上占 20. 接管 21. 随机地，随便地 22. 有很大的机会 23. 除了……之外 24. 使某事结束 25. 呼吁；要求；号召；(短暂)拜访 26. 当众；公开地 settle down　 account for　 take over　 at random　 have much chance of　 except for　 bring sth. to a conclusion　 call upon　 in public　 27. except prep.除……之外→ n.例外→ ⁠ adj.杰出的，非凡的；特别的→ adv.极其，非常 28. amaze vt.使吃惊→ adj.吃惊的，惊讶的 → adj.令人吃惊的；令人惊讶的→ adv. 令人惊讶地→ n.吃惊，惊愕 29. proper adj.适当的→ adj.不正确的；不适当的 → adv.适当地；正确地 30. distribute vt.分发，分配，分送→ n.经销商；分销 商→ n.分发，分配 exception　 exceptional　 exceptionally　 amazed　 amazing　 amazingly　 amazement　 improper　 properly　 distributor　 distribution　 31. survive vi.& vt.幸存；活下来→ n.幸存 → n.幸存者 32. depend v.依靠；取决于→ adj.依赖的 → n.依赖，依靠→ n.独立 → adj.独立的；单独的→ adv.独 立地；单独地 survival　 survivor　 dependent　 dependence　 independence　 independent　 independently　 基础考点探究 重点词汇 1. conclusion n.结论；结束；结尾；结局 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①He concluded ⁠ their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan. ②The scientist concluded his speech a saying，“Failure is the mother of success.” ③ conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today. from　 with　 In　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④总之，步行是一种廉价、安全、愉快且容易获得的锻炼方式。 ，walking is a cheap，safe，enjoyable and readily available form of exercise. In conclusion　 ◎归纳拓展 •in conclusion总而言之 draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion得出结论 •conclude v.(使)结束；得出结论；断定 conclude...from...从……中推断出…… conclude...with...以……结束…… ◎写作素材 draw some conclusions from our discussion从我们的讨论中得出一些 结论 at the conclusion of the programme节目结束的时候 2. figure out弄明白；计算 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①How does she manage to keep ⁠ (she) figure when she eats so much？ ②How do you figure what you want to see？ ③We figure on your ⁠ (come) early to help us. her　 out　 coming　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④我们花了大约一个小时才找到回家的路。 It took us approximately one hour ⁠ ⁠. to figure out how to find the way home　 ◎归纳拓展 •figure n.人像，人形；数字；身材；人物 v.计算；认为 keep one’s figure保持身材 •figure on计划；打算；指望 figure sth.in将某物包括/计算在内 ◎写作素材 figure out how to start the equipment搞清楚如何启动设备 take pride in your health and your figure为你的健康和体型感到自豪 the two sets of figures 两组数据 3. manner n.方式；方法；举止；态度；礼貌；礼仪；习俗 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①The teacher told the students to work out the problem ⁠ a different manner. ②It is bad ⁠ (manner) to give feedback by chattering away constantly. in　 manners　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ③以下是我对在中国如何注意餐桌礼仪的建议。 The following are my suggestions ⁠ ⁠. on how to mind your table manners in China　 ◎归纳拓展 in a/an...manner以……的方式 It’s bad/good manners to do sth.做……是没有/有礼貌的。 table manners餐桌礼仪 ◎写作素材 try to adopt a more relaxed manner试着用一种更加放松的方式 conduct myself in a professional manner 以专业的态度行事 4. distribute vt.分发，分配，分送 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①Some of the victims are complaining loudly about the uneven ⁠ (distribute) of emergency aid. ②The money was distributed ⁠ schools in the area. 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ③我告诉那些国际学生，茶在全国各地都有广泛的分布。 I told those international students that ⁠ ⁠. distribution　 among　 tea is widely distributed all over the country　 ◎归纳拓展 •distribute...to...把……分发给…… distribute...among...在……中分发…… •distribution n.分配，分发；分布状态 ◎写作素材 distribute food to the earthquake victims向地震灾民分发食品 distribute the topping evenly over the fruit将配料均匀地撒在水果上 5. account for说明；做出解释；占……(比例) 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①It is said that body language accounts ⁠ 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent. ②He had to leave his beloved basketball team ⁠ account of his injured legs. ③On account can we ignore the value of knowledge，as well as practical experience. for　 on　 no　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④如果你能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。 I would appreciate it if you could ⁠. take my application into account　 ◎归纳拓展 •account n.描述，报道；账户；解释，说明vt.认为是，视为 •on account of由于，因为 take...into account/consideration考虑到……，把……考虑进去 on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) ◎写作素材 open/close an account开/销户 give a full account of the incident 详尽地叙述所发生的事情 6. take over接管 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it to take ⁠ our lives. ②These promises are a trap and I won’t be taken ⁠. ③Don’t take ⁠ more responsibilities than you can handle. over　 in　 on　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④我知道你一定很忙，当然我不想占用你太多时间。 I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn’t want to ⁠ ⁠. take up too much of your time　 ◎归纳拓展 take in吸收；收留；欺骗；领会 take on雇用；承担(工作、责任)；呈现 take...for granted认为……理所当然 take up 占据；拿起；开始从事；继续 ◎写作素材 take up a position in the centre of the room占据了房间中心的位置 take it for granted that they would approve of the idea想当然地认为他 们一定会同意这个想法 offer to take in the poor homeless stranger 愿意收留这个可怜的无家 可归的陌生人 7. amazingly adv.惊人地，了不起地 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①He smiled suddenly， exposing a set of ⁠(amazing) white teeth. ②To her (amaze)，she found a stream that flowed down the hill. amazingly　 amazement　 『写美』 读后续写之心理描写 ③这个可怜的男孩还捐赠了一些硬币给这个项目，这让我们很 惊讶。 The poor boy also donated some coins to the project， ⁠ ⁠. which made us amazed　 ◎归纳拓展 •amaze vt.使惊讶 •amazed adj.大为惊奇的；惊讶的 •amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的 •amazement n.惊奇，惊愕 to one’s amazement让某人惊讶的是 ◎写作素材 look at him in amazement惊愕地望着他 have amazing powers of recall有惊人的记忆力 经典句型 The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages， often spoken by many people，while hot，wet zones have lots， often spoken by small numbers.一般规律是，温和地区的语言相对 较少，通常有很多人说，而炎热潮湿地区的语言较多，通常只有少 数人说。 [句型公式]　while在句中是并列连词，表示对比。 ①Americans are still texting while (drive)，as well as using social networks and taking photos. ②The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients， ⁠ a cheater might use it to control potential victims. driving　 while　 『练会』 单句语法填空 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ③有些运动通常在室内进行，而另一些则在室外进行。 Some sports are usually done indoors， ⁠ ⁠. while others are done outdoors ◎归纳拓展 •while作并列连词，表示对比或转折，意为“然而；可是”； •while引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管；虽然”； •while可作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。 ◎写作素材 Peace of mind can make you think quickly while anger can make you lose your mind.心平气和可以使你思维敏捷，然而，愤怒却会使你 失去理智。 基础知识达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. While ⁠ (do) the business she is having two young children to care for. 2. If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest， there would be little chance of ⁠ (survive). 3. conclusion， we should thank all those who have worked so hard to bring about this result. 4. I was ⁠ (total) engaged in my study and seldom paid attention to my mother’s feelings. doing　 survival　 In　 totally　 5. Both of the cars became totally damaged in the accident， but (amazing)， neither of the drivers was hurt. 6. About 500 varieties ⁠ trees may be found in just one hectare of rainforest. 7. Several difficulties ⁠ (arise) when we began to work on the new design. 8. All my children are grown-ups and live ⁠ (independent) now. amazingly　 of　 arose　 independently　 Ⅱ.完成句子 1. When Mr. Green retired， ⁠ (由他的儿子接管他的生意). 2. Girls (占全班的百分之六). 3. (那是不礼貌的) to talk with your mouth full. 4. (没人能弄清楚) how he got to be so wealthy. 5. We hoped that the matter can be ⁠ (得到满意的结果). his son took over the business from him　 account for six per cent of the class　 It is not good manners　 No one could figure out　 brought to a satisfactory conclusion　 写作能力提升 话题写作——应用文增分练 Step 1　写作要点(根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子) 　　①我知道你在努力学习中文，并寻找提高中文口语水平的 办法。 I know that ⁠ and seeking ways to improve your spoken Chinese. ②我非常高兴地向你提出如何提高中文口语的建议。 I am more than delighted to ⁠ how to improve your spoken Chinese. you are attempting to learn Chinese　 present some advice on　 　　③与其他语言相比，中文更令人困惑，会导致学习的过程中出 现很多疑惑。 Chinese is ⁠， and it may ⁠ while learning. more confusing compared with other languages　 lead to a lot of confusion　 ④在学习汉语的过程中，兴趣、决心和努力有很大影响。 In the process of learning Chinese， your interest， determination and hard work ⁠. will make a difference　 ⑤和朋友们用中文在线交流是一个好办法，这会让你很容易在 中文口语方面快速取得进步。 It’s a good idea to communicate in Chinese with online friends， ⁠ in your spoken Chinese. which makes it easy for you to make rapid progress　 ⑥尽管你学习中文时可能会有一些困难，但是永远不要放 弃练习。 Although you may ⁠， never give up practising. have some difficulty in learning Chinese　 Step 2　表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级) 　　①用分词短语作状语连接句①和句② ⁠ ⁠ ⁠  　Knowing that you are attempting to learn Chinese and seeking ways to improve your spoken Chinese， I am more than delighted to present some advice on how to improve it.　 ②用which引导的定语从句改写句③ ⁠ ⁠  　Compared with other languages， Chinese is more confusing， which may lead to a lot of confusion while learning.　 Step 3　衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) 　　 ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ 　　 　Knowing that you are attempting to learn Chinese and seeking ways to improve your spoken Chinese， I am more than delighted to present some advice on how to improve it.Obviously，compared with other languages，Chinese is more confusing，which may lead to a lot of confusion while learning.Therefore， in the process of learning Chinese， your interest， determination and hard work will make a big difference.In addition， it’s a good idea to communicate in Chinese with online friends，which makes it easy for you to make rapid progress in your spoken Chinese.Although you may have some difficulty in learning Chinese， never give up practising.　 微型写作——续写提升练 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容写出最后两段内所空出的四个句 子，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　It was a Sunday morning. Betty woke up earlier than usual. She couldn’t sleep any longer because she was so excited that her uncle Mark was taking her to the beach. She had always loved going surfing with her uncle. She put her swimming suit on and took her bag quickly that she had prepared the night before and went outside to wait. She jumped up and down with joy when she saw her uncle’s red jeep turn the corner down her street. Uncle Mark got out of the car and helped Betty get in. “Are you ready？” he asked. “Yes！” replied Betty. Uncle Mark could see the excitement in her face. Suddenly he said seriously， “well， before we go， I have to let you know that a shark appeared recently where we’re going to surf today.” Scared and shocked， Betty couldn’t say a word. “Haha！ I’m kidding you， ”Uncle Mark burst out laughing. Betty laughed too. She knew Uncle Mark liked teasing others. “Let’s go and have some breakfast. I know just the place，” Uncle Mark said. They went to a breakfast shop and ate some tacos (炸玉米饼). After breakfast the two of them went down to Pacific Beach and got their surfboards ready. “First you have to wax (打蜡) the bottom，” explained Uncle Mark. “I know. I’ve watched you do it before！” Betty said as she took the wax from Uncle Mark’s hand. It took about 15 minutes to wax the bottom of their boards. When Betty finished， Uncle Mark looked it over to make sure it was done well. “Nice job， Betty， you wax your board like a true surfer.” Finally， they were ready to get into the water. They carried their boards down to the beach and went out into the water. Betty was overly excited and tried to rush to catch a wave. Predictably， she crashed and had to start over. Next was her uncle’s turn. He stood up on his first try and smoothly surfed the wave before jumping into the water. Betty cheered for her uncle’s perfect run. All of a sudden， Betty felt something touching the bottom of her foot. ① ⁠ Within a second， her cheeks paled， and a chill swept over her body. A set of crimson and fierce eyes came into her sight. A shark， its tail shaking， its jaws clicking， made a leap from the sea and afterwards dove back into the water. ② ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ Failing to resist the impulse of curiosity， she lowered her glance.　 Picturing the shark teeth tore meat off her leg， Betty felt a sinking in her heart， and her heart in her throat.　 “Help！ Help！” Betty screamed in horror. ③ ⁠ The wave of the Pacific Ocean rose， tightening her throat， making it more and more hard to breathe. Before the consciousness was lost totally， a familiar voice broke the dead silence. It was Uncle Mark who swam close in a rush， grasped Betty firmly with one hand， and dragged her toward the beach. ④ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ No reply and all was silence. With the tide gently rolling to her feet， Betty， sitting in the sand felt the wave of relief sweeping across the beach.　 课时作业 [话题语篇强化] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　(2023·安徽十校联考)In many casual discussions of language and the Internet， it’s common to hear about how “social media language” is ruining language. Some people argue that technology has made us lazy about how we speak and write. And major media such as the BBC and The Daily Mail have all bemoaned ⁠ the way in which people communicate through technology. 　　Of course， language does change when it’s used to write messages online. Social media language is an evolution (进化) of language. It’s even the focus of the field of linguistics (语言学) called Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC). This field concentrates on the study of interaction brought about by technology like computers， mobile phones and tablets. 　　People have been making complaints about language being “ruined” for as long as they’ve been writing and speaking. In a TED Talk， linguist John McWhorter shared stories of people being annoyed about language change through the ages. In 63 CE， for example， a Roman scholar complained that students of Latin were writing in an “artificial language”. In fact， this writing was a new language that would become French！ 　　Today， people are able to communicate rapidly using a wide variety of tools and technologies. Perhaps no linguistic development better indicates changes in the ways we communicate than the popular emoticons (表情符号). 　　The emoticon “∶)” is a visual performance of a smiley face turned sideways. Although an emoticon may look like a smile， a frown or any other kind of facial expressions， it doesn’t really represent a face. Instead， it’s intended to express a feeling， such as “I’m happy” or “just joking”. 　　Words that represent these feelings are what linguists call discourse particles (小品词). These are little pieces of language that offer information about the tone of the statement. 　　Far from ruining language， these examples indicate how people can now communicate complex feelings in a simple， direct manner. This kind of change is perfect for our modern， fast-paced world. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了社交媒体 语言是不是语言杀手的问题。在作者看来，语言一直在演变之中， 社交媒体语言不是语言的杀手，它是新时代的产物。 1. What does the underlined word “bemoaned” in paragraph 1 probably mean？ A. Complained about. B. Approved of. C. Checked up. D. Put forward. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句的上文“Some people argue that technology has made us lazy about how we speak and write.”可知，一 部分人认为科技对我们的交流方式有不利的影响；再根据and可 知，主流媒体对这种交流方式进行抱怨，故选A项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2. Why is the TED Talk mentioned in paragraph 3？ A. As evidence of complaints about shared stories. B. As an example to support the author’s argument. C. As a proof of language ruined by social media language. D. As a way to explain language change through the ages. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。作者在最后一段表明自己的观点，而第三段提到的 TED演讲及演讲的内容是对主题的说明，它是用来支持作者观点 的，故选B项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3. What’s the function of emoticons according to the text？ A. To represent a smiling face. B. To express intentions. C. To communicate feelings. D. To set the tone. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Although an emoticon may look like a smile， a frown or any other kind of facial expressions， it doesn’t really represent a face.Instead， it’s intended to express a feeling”可 知，这些表情符号是用来表达情感的，故选C项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4. What’s the author’s attitude toward social media language？ A. Unclear. B. Skeptical. C. Opposed. D. Approving. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 观点态度题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，作者认为，现在的人 们用一种简单、直白的方式来传达复杂的情感，这种变化对我们这 个现代化的、快节奏的世界来说是极好的。由此可推出，作者对社 交媒体语言持支持的态度，故选D项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 B 　　(2023·江苏苏州统考)One day，Hilary Krieger was sitting in her parents’ home when her friend accidentally squirted (向……喷射) himself with an orange slice. “Oh，the orange just orbisculated，”she said. “It did what？”asked her friend. “I’ve never heard such a word.” The two made a five-dollar bet，and Hilary gleefully grabbed the family dictionary. She quickly turned to the “O” section， but she didn’t find it. Then she burst into her dad’s study and told him the shocking news：“Orbisculate” was not in the dictionary！ 　　Looking embarrassed，her father confessed that he had made up the word when in college. He defined “orbisculate” as the action that happens “when you dig your spoon into a grapefruit and it squirts juice directly into your eyes”，though the family also applied it to other fruits and vegetables that unexpectedly sprayed. “We have been using it in our whole lives， as if it were a real word，”Hilary says. 　　Out five dollars and wondering what other fake words might exist in her vocabulary，Hilary was mad. But she quickly came to see her dad’s made-up word as a gift，one that revealed his naughty and inventive spirit. “It speaks to his creativity and the idea that even when something’s painful and annoying， like getting grapefruit juice in your eyes， you can laugh and have fun with it，” she says. 　　Two decades later，Hilary told that funny story again and again in sad circumstances. Her father，Neil Krieger，died at age 78.“‘Orbisculate’ is such a great word that I dream it should be in the dictionary！”says Hilary.To get the word officially recognized， Hilary set up a website， orbisculate.com， encouraging people to use “orbisculate”in a wide variety of contexts. 　　Getting a word into the dictionary isn’t easy，but words describing concrete phenomena that affect many people tend to get picked up. “That’s one of the situations ‘orbisculate’ is going through — there is no single word that captures the squirting in the eye that certain fruits do，”senior editor of the Merriam-Webster，Emily Brewster， says. “The word’s status as an established member of the English language would be pretty undeniable.” 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Hilary的父 亲自创的orbisculate一词并讲述了Hilary希望该词被收录到词典 中的梦想。 A. Her friend’s squirting juice into his eyes. B. Losing five dollars in the bet. C. Failing to find “orbisculate” in the dictionary. D. Her father’s making up the word. 答案：C 5. What shocked Hilary Krieger one day？ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She quickly turned to ...in the dictionary！”可知，让Hilary Krieger感到震惊的是词典中没有 orbisculate这个单词，故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6. What made Hilary see her dad’s made-up word as a gift？ A. The application of the word to other fruits. B. Her father’s naughty and inventive spirit. C. The fun she got from the word “orbisculate”. D. Her dream about the word again and again. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But she quickly came to see her dad’s made-up word as a gift，one that revealed his naughty and inventive spirit.”可知，她父亲的淘气和创新精神使得Hilary把父亲杜撰的这 个词看作是一份礼物，故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7. What is Brewster’s attitude toward Hilary’s dream？ A. Cautious. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Unclear. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“The word’s status as an established member of the English language would be pretty undeniable.”可知， 这个单词作为英语语言既定成员的地位是不可否认的，由此可推 知，Brewster对Hilary的梦想持赞同的态度，故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8. Why did Hilary want to get “orbisculate” in the dictionary？ A. To recall her childhood life. B. To memorialize her father. C. To get herself officially recognized. D. To encourage people to make up new words. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Two decades later，Hilary told that funny story again and again in sad circumstances. Her father，Neil Krieger，died at age 78.”可知，Hilary在悲伤的环境中反复地讲述 这个有趣的故事，由此可推知，Hilary想要将orbisculate收录到词典 中是为了纪念父亲，故B项“为了纪念她的父亲”正确。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.完形填空 　　(2023·广东东莞期末)I had just stopped by the local grocery store to pick up a few items. Only one  　1　 was working and the small store was almost empty. I  　2　 at her passage and waited while the guy in front of me was  　3　 a full cart of food. After payment， he put groceries back into his shopping cart and  　4　 if he could push the cart up to his  　5　 a quarter mile away， unpack it and bring it back. The cashier was  　6　 and wasn’t sure what to do. I spoke up then and said I’d be happy to give him a  　7　. 　　We talked on the short trip to his home. He was new in town having just  　8　 here recently. And like all of us he was feeling the  　9　 of the high cost of living. I nodded  　10　， thinking to myself too，“The cost of living  　11　 going up， but at least the cost of loving has stayed the same.” 　　If you spend your love helping others， sooner or later your heart would be empty like your  　12　. Thankfully， love doesn’t  　13　  like that. When we share our love， it doesn’t  　14　. Instead， we find that we have even more love to share. Always remember the most  　15　 thing on earth is FREE. 　　【语篇解读】　 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在 一家商店购物后免费送一名陌生人回家的故事，同时作者感悟到虽 然生活充满压力，但是对于他人的关爱是无价的。 1. A. customer B. cashier C. manager D. driver 答案：B 根据下文中的“The cashier was  　6　 and wasn’t sure what to do.”可知，此处说明除了一个收银员正在工作，这个小商店几 乎空无一人。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2. A. checked in B. turned around C. pulled up D. set off 答案：C 根据下文中的“waited while the guy in front of me was  　3　 a full cart of food”和常识可知，作者在结账的时候前面有一个男人在结 账，所以作者就停在通道上排队等候。check in“登记”；turn around“转身”；pull up“停止”；set off“出发”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3. A. exchanging B. packing C. hiding D. unloading 答案：D 结合常识可知，在商店结账时，需要把购物车里的东西拿出来。 exchange“交换，更换”；pack“收拾(行李)”；hide“隐匿”； unload“从……卸下”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4. A. asked B. responded C. argued D. shouted 答案：A 根据下文中的“if he could push the cart up to his  　5　 a quarter mile away， unpack it and bring it back”可知，他想知道是否可以用购物 车把商品推回去然后送回购物车。据此可知，他在询问收银员。 respond“回答，回应”；argue“争论”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5. A. office B. apartment C. school D. shelter 答案：B 根据下文中的“We talked on the short trip to his home.”可知，他想 推着购物车到他的公寓，卸下商品后把购物车送回来。Apartment “公寓”；shelter“庇护处”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6. A. cool B. new C. sensitive D. emotional 答案：B 根据下文中的“wasn’t sure what to do”可以推测，收银员应该是新 来的。sensitive“敏感的”；emotional“情感的，情绪激动的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 根据下文中的“We talked on the short trip to his home.”可知，我们 在去他家的途中交谈，据此可以推断出，作者开车送男子回家， give sb.a lift意为“用车顺便送某人”。note“笔记”；gift“礼 物”；tip“实用的提示，小费”。 7. A. note B. gift C. lift D. tip 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8. A. rested B. approached C. moved D. left 答案：C 根据上文中的“He was new in town”可以推断，男子最近刚搬到 了这里。approach“接近，着手处理”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9. A. pressure B. relief C. privilege D. conflict 答案：A 根据下文中的“The cost of living  　11　 going up”可知，生活费用 在不断上涨，他正像我们所有人一样感受着来自生活费用高的压 力。pressure“压力”；relief“宽慰，解脱，减轻”；privilege“荣 幸，特权”；conflict“冲突，争执”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10. A. willingly B. jokingly C. knowingly D. convincingly 答案：C 根据上文中的“I nodded”可知，作者认可男子的话，会意地点点 头。willingly“愿意地，乐意地”；jokingly“开玩笑地”； knowingly“会意地”；convincingly“有说服力地”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11. A. escapes B. keeps C. refuses D. suspends 答案：B 根据but可知，空前空后形成了转折；根据空后的“the cost of loving has stayed the same”可知，生活费用一直在上涨。Escape “逃脱”；keep“继续”；refuse“拒绝”；suspend“暂停”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12. A. pocket B. room C. store D. wallet 答案：D 根据语境可知，这里是比喻，把花钱和花费在他人身上的爱相比 较，即如果你把你的爱花费在帮助别人身上，迟早你的心也会像你 的钱包一样空。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13. A. work B. survive C. spread D. gather 答案：A 根据下文中的“we have even more love to share”可知，我们有更多 的爱去分享，说明之前认为对他人的关爱会像钱包里的钱一样花光 是不奏效的。work“奏效”；survive“生存，幸存”；spread“传 播”；gather“聚集”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14. A. exist B. matter C. last D. decline 答案：D 根据下文中的“we find... love to share”和常识可知，当我们分享爱 的时候爱是不会减少的。exist“存在”；matter“事关紧要”； last“持续”；decline“减少”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15. A. priceless B. traditional C. convenient D. comfortable 答案：A 根据常识可知，爱是可以分享的，同时爱也是免费的，在这个世界 上它也是无价的。priceless“无价的”；traditional“传统的”； convenient“方便的”；comfortable“舒服的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 $$