话题4 认识自我，丰富自我，完善自我（1）-【优化探究】2025年高考英语一轮复习高考总复习话题课件

主题语境一　人与自我 主题（一）　生活与学习 话题4　认识自我，丰富自我，完善自我（1） 课件使用说明 01 本课件使Office 2016制作，请使用相应软件打开并使用 使用软件 02 本课件理科公式均采用微软公式制作，如果您是Office 2007或WPS 2021年4月份以前的版本，会出现包含公式及数字无法编辑的情况，请您升级软件享受更优质体验 软件版本 03 本课件文本框内容可编辑，单击文本框即可进行修改和编辑 便捷操作 04 由于WPS软件原因，少量电脑可能存在理科公式无动画的问题，请您安装Office 2016或以上版本即可解决该问题 软件更新 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 高考真题精研 基础考点探究 基础知识达标 写作能力提升 课时作业 高考真题精研 第一组 Passage1　 阅读理解（2020·全国Ⅰ卷·B） 　　Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend.There’s a welcome familiarity—but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both， and thus the relationship.But books don’t change， people do.And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative. 　　The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.It’s true， the older I get， the more I feel time has wings.But with reading， it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now， because reading is a give and take between author and reader.Each has to pull their own weight. There are three books I reread annually.The first， which I take to reading every spring，is Ernest Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964， it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.The language is almost intoxicating （令人陶醉的），an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm， her poetic 1975 ramble （随笔） about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortázar’s Save Twilight： Selected Poems， because poetry.And because Cortázar. While I tend to buy a lot of books， these three were given to me as gifts， which might add to the meaning I attach to them.But I imagine that， while money is indeed wonderful and necessary， rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.But remember， it’s you that has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。随着时间的流逝，人会 变，但书不会变。作者认为重读自己喜欢的书能够进一步加深对自 己的认识。 24. Why does the author like rereading？ A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship. B. It’s a window to a whole new world. C. It’s a substitute for drinking with a friend. D. It extends the understanding of oneself. 答案：D 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register.”可知，作者认为重新阅读之美在于我们与书之间的纽带 是建立在我们当下的精神状态基础之上的。据此可以推断，重读一 本书能够了解自己当下的精神状态，从而加深对自己的认识。 25. What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast？ A. It’s a brief account of a trip. B. It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man. C. It’s a record of a historic event. D. It’s about Hemingway’s friends in Paris. 答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Published in 1964，it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.”可知，A Moveable Feast这本书是一本回忆 录。再根据第三段第四句“...an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.”可知，书中年老的作者回顾了雄心勃勃 且更单纯的青年时光。 26. What does the underlined word “currency” in paragraph 4 refer to？ A. Debt. B. Reward. C. Allowance. D. Face value. 答案：B 词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“...while money is indeed wonderful and necessary，rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them.”可知，作者认为尽管钱是对作家的回报，但 是重读一本书才是读者对作家最高的回报。由此判断出，画线词指 的是reward （回报）。debt债务；allowance津贴；face value面值。 27. What can we infer about the author from the text？ A. He loves poetry. B. He’s an editor. C. He’s very ambitious. D. He teaches reading. 答案：A 推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句“The third book is Julio Cortázar’s Save Twilight：Selected Poems，because poetry.”可知， 作者就是因为第三本书是诗歌才反复阅读它，据此可以推断，作者 喜欢诗歌。 【词汇识记】 1. slight adj.轻微的；略微的 2. suspicion n.怀疑；嫌疑 3. thus adv.因此；从而 4. relationship n.关系；关联 5. bond n.纽带；关系 6. mental adj.精神的；脑力的 7. annually adv.每年；一年一次 8. memoir n.回忆录 9. aging adj.变老的；上了年纪的 10. be based on 根据，以……为基础；建立在……基础上 11. pull one’s own weight 努力做好自己分内的工作；尽本分 12. take to 喜欢 13. meaning n.意义，意思→meaningful adj.有意义的，重要的 →unmeaningful adj.无意义的，不重要的 14. transform vt.使转化，使改观→transformative adj.变化的 15. ambition n.野心；雄心；抱负；志向→ambitious adj.野心勃勃 的；有雄心的 16. poet n.诗人→poetic adj.诗歌的；诗意的→poetry n.诗歌；诗歌艺 术→poem n.诗；韵文 【熟词生义】（写出句中黑体词的汉语意思） 1. There’s a welcome familiarity—but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both，and thus the relationship. ⁠ 2. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. ⁠ 令人愉快的　 感情流露　 【难句分析】 1. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. [译文选择] A. 重读的美妙之处在于这样一种想法，即我们与工作之间的联系 是基于我们当下的思维注册。 B. 重读的美妙之处在于这样一种思维，即我们与作品之间的联系 是基于我们当下的思想流露。（ ） B [结构分析] The beauty of rereading是句子的主语；lies in是谓语；the idea是宾 语；idea后是that引导的同位语从句。 2. While I tend to buy a lot of books， these three were given to me as gifts， which might add to the meaning I attach to them. [译文选择] A. 当我倾向于买很多书的时候，有三本书是作为礼物送给我的， 这或许会把我赋予它们的意义附加上去。 B. 尽管我倾向于买很多书，但这三本书是作为礼物送给我的，这 或许会增加我赋予它们的意义。（ ） B [结构分析] 句中的while引导让步状语从句；主句中 these three是主语；谓语是 were given；which might add to the meaning I attach to them是which 引导的非限制性定语从句。 Passage2　 完形填空（2023·全国甲卷） 　　Many years ago， I bought a house in the Garfagnana，where we still go every summer.The first time we  　41　 there，we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike  　42　 its way down the hill toward us.It was a  　43　 called Mario，coming to  　44　 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine.It was a very nice  　45　 for him to make.But when we looked at the tomatoes，we were  　46　 because they were so misshapen：not at all like the nice，round，  　47　 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy，in a funny old bottle with no label （标签） on it.These can’t be any  　48　，we thought. But we were  　49　 his kindness，so we  　50　 them. What we discovered is that it’s  　51　 to judge what you eat only by its  　52　.Those tomatoes had a  　53　 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes  　54　 perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a  　55　 memory of those.It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can  　56　 them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle， but it was  　57　. It’s good to eat things at the correct time，when they’re  　58　， and as close as possible to where they were  　59　.What Mario had  　60　 us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 　　【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了作者很多年前在意大利的加尔 法尼亚纳买了一套房子，第一次去那里住的时候，邻居马里奥骑着 摩托车给作者送来了一些西红柿和一瓶葡萄酒。西红柿和葡萄酒都 其貌不扬，但邻居的好意让作者决定试一试。没想到，西红柿让作 者想起了儿时吃的西红柿的味道，葡萄酒也完美。这让作者不禁感 叹：不能以貌取“物”。而通过马里奥的礼物，作者也感受到了加 尔法尼亚纳的味道。 41. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed 答案：D 根据上文中的“I bought a house in the Garfagnana，where we still go every summer”可以看出，此处讲的是作者第一次居住（stayed） 期间的故事。camp“宿营，露营”。 42. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling 答案：A 根据上文中的“we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike”和下文 中的“down the hill toward us”可知，摩托车是向作者家行进 （making its way）的。make one’s way“前进，行进”；search one’s way“探路”；squeeze one’s way“挤过去”；feel one’s way“摸索前进”。 43. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger 答案：B 根据上文中的“The first time we  　41　 there”和下文中的“some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”可以推测，马里奥应该是作者的邻居 （neighbor）。 根据上文中的“The first time we  　41　 there”和下文中的“some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”可以推测，马里奥应该是作者的邻居 （neighbor）。 44. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show 答案：C 根据上一空可知，马里奥是作者的邻居，他在作者第一次到来的时 候，给作者带来（bring）一些西红柿和一瓶葡萄酒以示欢迎。 45. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture 答案：D 根据上文可知，马里奥在作者第一次到来的时候，给作者送礼物。 结合常识可知，这是一种善意的表示（gesture），故选D项。 choice“选择，挑选，抉择”；comment“议论，评论，解释”； gesture“（表明感情或意图的）姿态，表示”。 46. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored 答案：A 根据下文中的“because they were so misshapen”可以推测，马里奥 送来了一些奇形怪状的西红柿，这让作者很担忧 （worried）。 thrilled“非常兴奋，极为激动”；bored“厌烦的”。 47. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun 答案：C 根据下文中的“you get in a supermarket”可知，空处讲的是超市里 的西红柿的情况。结合生活常识可知，超市里的西红柿看起来漂 亮、圆圆的而又有光泽（shiny）。shiny“光亮的，锃亮的，反光 的，有光泽的”。 48. A. more B. good C. new D. easy 答案：B 根据上文中对西红柿的描述及“the wine was cloudy，in a funny old bottle with no label on it”可知，由于西红柿外观不好，酒很浑浊， 且酒瓶老旧，没有标签，作者觉得这瓶葡萄酒的质量也好（good） 不到哪里去。 49. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in 答案：B 根据上文可知，作者第一次来，马里奥就给作者送礼物。因此，哪 怕礼物看起来不怎么好，作者对马里奥的善良还是很感激的 （thankful for）。be sympathetic to“对……表示同情”；be thankful for“对……表示感激”；be cautious about“对……谨 慎”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”。 50. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed 答案：A 根据下文中的“Those tomatoes had a  　53　 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”和“it was  　57　” 可知，作者还是试着（tried）吃了西红柿，并试喝了葡萄酒。 根据下文中的“Those tomatoes had a  　53　 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”和“it was  　57　” 可知，作者还是试着（tried）吃了西红柿，并试喝了葡萄酒。 51. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual 答案：C 根据下文中的“Those tomatoes had a  　53　 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，西红柿很好 吃，因此只根据西红柿奇形怪状的外表就判断它不好，这是不明智 的（unwise）。uncertain“犹豫，不确定的”。 根据下文中的“Those tomatoes had a  　53　 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知，西红柿很好 吃，因此只根据西红柿奇形怪状的外表就判断它不好，这是不明智 的（unwise）。uncertain“犹豫，不确定的”。 52. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price 答案：A 根据上文中的“we were  　46　 because they were so misshapen”可 知，作者之前就根据西红柿的外表对其进行了评判，这里作者表示 仅凭你吃的东西的外表做评判是不明智的。appearance“外表，外 貌”；origin“起源，源头，起因”。 根据上文中的“we were  　46　 because they were so misshapen”可 知，作者之前就根据西红柿的外表对其进行了评判，这里作者表示 仅凭你吃的东西的外表做评判是不明智的。appearance“外表，外 貌”；origin“起源，源头，起因”。 53. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste 答案：D 根据常识可知，应该是西红柿的味道（taste）让作者想起了小时候 叔叔种的西红柿，且这一点也可以通过下文的“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes  　54　 perfect but taste of water.”进行印证。 根据常识可知，应该是西红柿的味道（taste）让作者想起了小时候 叔叔种的西红柿，且这一点也可以通过下文的“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes  　54　 perfect but taste of water.”进行印证。 54. A. smell B. look C. become D. work 答案：B 根据上文中的“the nice，round， 　47　 things you get in a supermarket”可知，超市里的西红柿看起来（look）很完美。 根据上文中的“the nice，round， 　47　 things you get in a supermarket”可知，超市里的西红柿看起来（look）很完美。 55. A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague 答案：A 根据上文提到的超市里的西红柿看起来很完美，但寡而无味和常识 可知，这样的西红柿无法给人们留下美好的（happy）回忆。 vivid“（记忆、描述等）生动的，逼真的，（光、颜色等）鲜艳 的，鲜明的”；vague“不明确的，不清楚的，（形状）模糊 的”。 56. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack 答案：D 上文对超市卖的西红柿进行了吐槽，本句依然是对这些西红柿的吐 槽。根据“It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones” 可知，此处作者是在吐槽人们为什么不把西红柿种成方的，这样还 好包装（pack）呢。 57. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar 答案：A 空前空后形成了转折。结合空前的“Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”可知，马里奥的酒可能是浑浊 的，是从一个旧瓶子里倒出来的，但是他的酒很完美（perfect）。 convenient“方便的，便利的”；familiar“熟悉的，常见的，普通 的”。 58. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need 答案：C 根据上文中的“It’s good to eat things at the correct time”和常识可 知，当季的（in season）食物是可口的。on view“展览着”；on sale“出售，折价销售”；in season“当季的”；in need“贫困 的，困难中的”。 59. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown 答案：D 根据上文可知，马里奥送来的西红柿是当地的，结合上文中的“as close as possible”也可以判断，作者认为要吃离种植（grown）地 尽可能近的食物。store“贮存，储藏”。 60. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told 答案：B 此处呼应上文中的“coming to  　44　 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”，故选B项。 此处呼应上文中的“coming to  　44　 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”，故选B项。 【词汇识记】 1. misshapen adj.畸形的；扭曲变形的 2. thrilled adj.非常兴奋；极为激动 3. shiny adj.闪亮的；有光泽的 4. sympathetic adj.同情的；支持的；有同情心的 5. cautious adj.谨慎的；小心的 6. vague adj.模糊的；含糊的；不明确的 7. remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事 8. judge n.法官；裁判员 v.判断；审判→judgement n.判断力；意 见，评价；判决 9. appear vi.出现→appearance n.外表；出现 10. convenient adj.方便的，便利的→convenience n.方便，便利 →inconvenience n.不便 【熟词生义】（写出句中黑体词的汉语意思） And the wine was cloudy，in a funny old bottle with no label （标签） on it. ⁠ 不清澈的，浑浊的　 [话题词汇回测] 1. adj.非常兴奋；极为激动 2. adj.闪亮的；有光泽的 3. adj.同情的；支持的；有同情心的 4. adj.谨慎的；小心的 5. adj.模糊的；含糊的；不明确的 6. adj.轻微的；略微的 7. n.怀疑；嫌疑 8. n.关系；关联 thrilled　 shiny　 sympathetic　 cautious　 vague　 slight　 suspicion　 relationship　 9. n.纽带；关系 10. adj.精神的；脑力的 11. adv.每年；一年一次 12. adj.变老的；上了年纪的 13. 使某人想起某事 14. 根据，以……为基础；建立在……基础上 15. 努力做好自己分内的工作；尽本分 16. 喜欢 bond　 mental　 annually　 aging　 remind sb. of sth.　 be based on　 pull one’s own weight　 take to　 17. judge n.法官；裁判员 v.判断；审判→ n.判断力； 意见，评价；判决 18. appear vi.出现→ n.外表；出现 19. convenient adj.方便的，便利的→ n.方便，便利 → n.不便 20. meaning n.意义，意思→ adj.有意义的，重要的 → adj.无意义的，不重要的 21. transform vt.使转化，使改观→ adj.变化的 judgement　 appearance　 convenience　 inconvenience　 meaningful　 unmeaningful　 transformative　 22. ambition n.野心；雄心；抱负；志向→ adj.野心勃 勃的；有雄心的 23. poet n.诗人→ adj.诗歌的；诗意的→ n.诗 歌；诗歌艺术→ n.诗；韵文 ambitious　 poetic　 poetry　 poem　 第二组 Passage1　 阅读七选五（2022·浙江卷1月） 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何高效地利 用时间，帮助学生学会自我管理。 　　I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do，but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day，and still feel happy and relaxed. 　3111　 A. Speed up. B. Be an active learner. C. Stop trying to balance time between them all. D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy. F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time. G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook. 答案：F 空前提到作者能够充分利用时间，并且感到开心和放松，下文各段 是作者就如何高效利用时间给出的几点建议，F项“也许这些建议 将帮助你充分利用时间”承上启下，符合语境。 ●Pick the most important.  　32　 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies，but don’t want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want. A. Speed up. B. Be an active learner. C. Stop trying to balance time between them all. D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy. F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time. G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook. 答案：D 根据该部分小标题和空后的内容可知，作者在本段强调要将时间用 于自己认为最重要且想做的事情上，D项中的meaningful与小标题 中的important及空后的例子相对应，故选D项“选出你生活中有意 义的事情”。 ●Combine your activities. Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends，family，work，play，etc. 　33　 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.Build your social life around people in your work environment.Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career （职业） around the people and activities you love. A. Speed up. B. Be an active learner. C. Stop trying to balance time between them all. D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy. F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time. G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook. 答案：C 根据该部分小标题和空后的“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.”可知，作者不建议把时间分开来进行多项活动，故C项 “不要试图在它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。选项中的them指代上 文中的“friends，family，work，play，etc.”。 ● 　3411　 You would think learning takes more time from you，but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks，freeing you up for the most important.Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. A. Speed up. B. Be an active learner. C. Stop trying to balance time between them all. D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy. F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time. G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook. 答案：B 空处为小标题。根据下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了与学习有关的 内容，B项“做一个积极的学习者”能够概括段落主旨。选项中的 learner与下文中的learning的对应关系也是提示。 ●Lighten up. The world won’t come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone.Celebrate progress and keep refining （改进） toward a happy productive existence. 　35　 Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way. A. Speed up. B. Be an active learner. C. Stop trying to balance time between them all. D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy. F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time. G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook. 答案：G 根据空前的“Celebrate progress...a happy productive existence.”和空 后的every completion可知，空处内容应与列举或记录各项事物有 关，故G项“这就是列清单在任何有关生产效率的手册中都很重要 的原因”符合语境。 【词汇识记】 1. specific adj.明确的；具体的 2. victory n.胜利 3. career n.职业 4. combine vi.& vt.（使）结合，（使）组合；兼有；兼备 5. completion n.完成；结束 6. make the most of 充分利用…… 7. focus on 集中精力于…… 8. go crazy 发疯；失去理智 9. figure out 想出；弄明白 10. share common interests有共同爱好 11. lighten up 别担忧；放轻松 12. come to an end结束；完结 13. produce v.生产，制作，制造；展现，出示→production n.生产； 产量→product n.产品→productive adj.多产的；有效益的→producer n.生产商；制片人 14. balance n.平衡；余额；天平 v.平衡；权衡→imbalance n.不平 衡；不安定→balanced adj.均衡的 【熟词生义】（写出句中黑体词的汉语意思） Celebrate progress and keep refining toward a happy productive existence. ⁠ 生活方式　 【难句分析】 You would think learning takes more time from you，but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks，freeing you up for the most important. [译文选择] A. 你会认为学习会占用你更多的时间，但实际上总有新的做事方 法使你腾出时间去做日常的事情，从而解放你最重要的事情。 B. 你会认为学习会占用你更多的时间，但实际上总有新的做事方 法可以节省你在日常事务上花的时间，让你腾出时间去做最重要的 事情。（ ） B [结构分析] 本句是并列句，由but连接两个并列分句，表示转折。freeing you up for the most important为动词-ing形式短语作状语；that can save you time on daily tasks为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词new ways。 Passage2　 完形填空（2018·浙江卷） 　　We have all heard how time is more valuable than money， but is it  　36　 to have too much time？ I  　37　 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also  　38　 a team sport.By the time I got home， I only had a few hours to do my homework， and I had to do it  　39　. When I got into college， things  　40　.I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time.Because of all this  　41　 time，there was no sense of  　42　 to do my school work immediately.I was performing this action of waiting until it later became a  　43　.Once that happened， I just kept  　44　 my studying further and further back in my day.Then I got to the point where I was  　45　 really late at night to get my work done. One day I  　46　 a former classmate of mine who was  　47　 a lot of money running a sideline （副业）.Since his regular job was  　48　， I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline full-time. He said without the job， he would  　49　 have too much time and would just do what I did back in  　50　.He said that if he  　5111　 the job， he would lose his  　52　 to work and succeed. So， try  　53　 your time with other work.This is why there is a  　54　 that if you want something done， ask a  　55　 person to do it. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过亲身经历告诉我 们：拥有太多时间就会拖延做事情，时间紧迫反而能合理安排时间 把事情做好。 36. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible 答案：D 句意：我们都听说过时间比金钱更有价值，但是拥有的时间太 多可能会把事情做好吗？空处表示“可能的”，表示作者的疑 问，故选D。 37. A. remember B. admit C. understand D. expect 答案：A 此处表示作者回忆起高中时自己的生活，remember back表示“回 忆起”，故选A。 38. A. watched B. loved C. coached D. played 答案：D 此处指自从我进行团体体育锻炼后多数时间在学校，表示“进行体 育锻炼”是play sport，故选D。 39. A. at last B. right away C. of course D. as usual 答案：B 因为在校时间多，在家做作业的时间就少了，所以在家时必须 马上写作业。下文“do my school work immediately”给了提 示，故选B。 40. A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered 答案：C 大学生活和高中生活不一样，所以说发生了改变。根据常识选C。 41. A. extra B. difficult C. valuable D. limited 答案：A 此处指大学里有许多额外的时间，故选A。 42. A. duty B. achievement C. urgency D. direction 答案：C 大学里没有马上做作业的紧迫感，与高中时抓紧时间做作业形成对 比，故选C。 43. A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit 答案：D 由于不急着写作业，所以后来就形成了等的习惯。故选D。 44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling 答案：A 与上文的waiting呼应，指形成等的习惯后，“我”就不断地把学习 往后推，越推越远。根据常识也可知答案，故选A。 45. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off 答案：B 根据late at night可知，此处指作业等到最后熬夜完成，故选B。 46. A. met B. helped C. treated D. hired 答案：A 此处指遇到了以前的同学，根据句意选A。 47. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making 答案：D 此处指经营副业挣了许多钱。make money意为“挣钱”，故选D。 48. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding 答案：C 因为他的常规工作是无聊的，所以作者建议他把副业作为全职工 作。故选C。 49. A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply 答案：D 朋友说如果没有这个工作，很简单他就会有太多无聊的时间。根据 句意可知，选D。 50. A. childhood B. college C. town D. business 答案：B 他就会像“我”大学时一样因为有太多的时间而不忙着做事，与上 文内容呼应，故选B。 51. A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept 答案：A 如果他放弃工作，就会失去工作和成功的动力。与作者的建议呼 应，故选A。 52. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way 答案：C 此处指如果他放弃工作，就失去了紧迫感，就会失去工作和成功的 动力。drive表示“动力”，故选C。 53. A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading 答案：B 句意：尽量在你的时间里都安排上其他工作，使自己忙起来。 故选B。 54. A. message B. story C. saying D. fact 答案：C 此处指“if you want something done， ask a  　55　 person to do it” 这句谚语，故选C。 此处指“if you want something done， ask a  　55　 person to do it” 这句谚语，故选C。 55. A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind 答案：B 此处指如果你想做某事，请忙碌的人去做。忙碌的人会抓紧时间去 完成，不忙的人只会拖延时间。故选B。 【词汇识记】 1. perform v.执行；工作，运转；履行；表演；演出；做 2. hang out闲逛；挂出 3. stay up不睡觉，熬夜 4. show off炫耀 5. fill up （使）充满；填饱（……的）肚子 6. reward v.& n.报答；回报→rewarding adj.有益的；有意义的 7. admit vi.& vt.承认→admission n.准许进入；承认 8. rely v.信赖→reliable adj.可信赖的 9. urge vt.强烈要求；敦促→urgent adj.紧急的→urgency n.急 迫；急事 【熟词生义】（写出句中黑体词的汉语意思） One day I met a former classmate of mine who was making a lot of money running a sideline. ⁠ 经营　 [话题词汇回测] 1. adj.明确的；具体的 2. n.职业 3. vi.& vt.（使）结合，（使）组合；兼有；兼备 4. n.完成；结束 5. n.胜利 6. v.执行；工作，运转；履行；表演；演出；做 7. 充分利用…… 8. 集中精力于…… specific　 career　 combine　 completion　 victory　 perform　 make the most of　 focus on　 9. 发疯；失去理智 10. 想出；弄明白 11. ⁠有共同爱好 12. 别担忧；放轻松 13. ⁠结束；完结 14. ⁠闲逛；挂出 15. ⁠不睡觉，熬夜 16. 炫耀 17. （使）充满；填饱（……的）肚子 go crazy　 figure out　 share common interests　 lighten up　 come to an end　 hang out　 stay up　 show off　 fill up　 18. produce v.生产，制作，制造；展现，出示→ n.生 产；产量→ n.产品→ adj.多产的；有效益 的→ n.生产商；制片人 19. balance n.平衡；余额；天平 v.平衡；权衡→ n.不 平衡；不安定→ adj.均衡的 20. reward v.& n.报答；回报→ adj.有益的；有意义的 21. admit vi.& vt.承认→ n.准许进入；承认 22. rely v.信赖→ adj.可信赖的 23. urge vt.强烈要求；敦促→ adj.紧急的→ n. 急迫；急事 production　 product　 productive　 producer　 imbalance　 balanced　 rewarding　 admission　 reliable　 urgent　 urgency　 基础考点探究 重点词汇 1. remind sb.of sb./sth.使某人想起某人/某事 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①Please remind me （write） an email to my mother tomorrow，because tomorrow is her birthday. ②The earrings remind me ⁠ my grandma. to write　 of　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ③他提醒我今晚要及时去听讲座。 He ⁠ in time this evening. reminds me to attend the lecture　 ◎归纳拓展 •remind vt.使（某人）想起，提醒 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事 remind sb. about sth.就某事提醒某人 ◎写作素材 remind me of my childhood让我想起了童年 remind me to call him back提醒我给他回电话 2. be based on...以……为根据 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①Your grade will be based ⁠ four papers and a final exam. ②Hospitals lack even （base） drugs for surgical operations. ③There have been some problems but （base） it’s a good system. on　 basic　 basically　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④这部小说是她根据真实的故事写成的。 →The novel ⁠ a true story by her. → ，the novel is written by her. → ，she writes the novel. is based on　 Based on a true story　 Basing on a true story　 ◎归纳拓展 •base n.基础；以……为根据；根基；底座；源泉vt.以……为据点 （或总部等）；把（总部等）设在 base...on/upon...把……建立在…… ；以……为根据 •basis n.基础；原因；基准，准则 on the basis of...在……的基础上 •basic adj.基础的；基本的 basically adv.基本上，大体上 ◎写作素材 a movie based on a real-life incident一部以真实事件为蓝本的电影 based on emotion rather than rational thought基于情感而不是理性的 思考 3. judge n.法官；裁判员 v.判断；审判 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①Don’t judge a man ⁠ his looks. ② （judge） from what he said，he was very disappointed. ③He was one of the （judge） at the horse race. by　 Judging　 judges　 『写美』 读后续写之升华佳句 ④你永远不要以貌取人。 You can never ⁠ ⁠. judge people by their appearance/judge a book by its cover　 ◎归纳拓展 •in one’s judgement依某人看来 •judge sb./sth.from/by从……来评价某人/物 judging by/from根据……来判断 •judgement n.判断力；意见，评价；判决 ◎写作素材 judging by/from his accent根据他的口音来判断 have sound judgement有正确的判断力 4. convenient adj.方便的，便利的 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①Cars have become a popular means of transport，bringing great （convenient） to our life. ②His home faced two high mountains，making it inconvenient ⁠ him and his family to get around. convenience　 for　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ③你可以在方便的时候去参观一些你最喜爱的博物馆。 →You can visit some of your favorite museums ⁠. →You can visit some of your favorite museums when ⁠ ⁠. at your convenience it is convenient for you　 ◎归纳拓展 •be convenient for sb.对某人来说是方便的 It is convenient for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事很方便 •convenience n.方便；便利的事物 at one’s convenience在某人方便时 ◎写作素材 a convenient parking place一个方便的停车场 when it is convenient for you当你方便的时候 for the convenience of our customers为方便我们的顾客 5. transform vt.使转化，使改观 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①Ten years of hard work transformed her completely ⁠ an ordinary housewife. ②Irish society gradually transformed from the traditional society ⁠ the modern society. ③In recent years his ideas have undergone a complete （transform）. into　 to　 transformation　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④（普通表达）Your generous help and tender care turned my first American trip into an unforgettable memory. （高级表达）Your generous help and tender care ⁠ my first American trip into an unforgettable memory. transformed　 ◎归纳拓展 •transform ...into ...把……变成…… transform sb./sth. （from...） into...把某人/物（从……）变为…… •transformation n.转变；改革；变化 transformative adj.有改革能力的，起改造作用的 ◎写作素材 transform a bedroom into a study把卧室改成书房 have undergone a complete transformation in the past decade在过去的 10年里经历了彻底的变革 6. combine vi.&vt.（使）结合，（使）组合；兼有；兼备 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①They have successfully combined the old ⁠ the new in this room. ②He carried on the business in （combine） with his friends. with/and　 combination　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ③技巧是没有用的，除非它与音乐知识和理解相结合。 →Technique is of no use unless it ⁠ musical knowledge and understanding.（combine） →Technique is of no use unless it ⁠ musical knowledge and understanding.（combination） is combined with　 is in combination with　 ◎归纳拓展 •combine...with/and...将……与……结合起来 •combination n.结合；混合；联合体 in combination （with） （与……）联合/结合 ◎写作素材 combine the eggs with a little flour把鸡蛋和少量的面粉搅匀 combine work with pleasure把工作和娱乐结合起来 a combination of internal and external factors caused the company to close down内外部因素共同作用导致公司倒闭 7. perform vi.& vt.表演；演出 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①The teacher was very pleased with the （perform） of the children. ②No matter how frequently （perform），the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. ③She was the only （perform） and I was the only audience. performance　 performed　 performer　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④一些才华横溢的学生和音乐老师将在音乐节期间进行表演。 Some talented students and music teachers will ⁠ ⁠. put on performances during the music festival　 ◎归纳拓展 •perform one’s promise履行诺言 •give/put on a performance演出 •performer n.表演者；演奏者；演员performance n.表演；演出；表 现；执行，履行 ◎写作素材 perform an operation/a play/an experiment进行手术/演一场戏/做实验 a grand performance of firework at New Year’s Eve除夕壮观的 烟火表演 a poor performer at school在校表现不好的学生 8. hang out闲逛，厮混；晾晒（洗好的衣物） 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①Hang on the branch，until I bring the ladder. ②The local kids often hang ⁠ at the mall. 『写美』读后续写之环境描写 屋顶上还有一个区域，夏天可以和其他朋友在那里玩玩。 ③There’s also an area on the rooftop for ⁠ ⁠ during the summer. to　 out　 hanging out with other friends　 ◎归纳拓展 hang on紧紧抓住；稍等 hang on to sth.紧紧抓住某物 hang up挂断电话 hang around闲逛 ◎写作素材 hang out with their friends和朋友一起出去玩 hang out your washing把洗好的衣服晾出去 9. reliable adj.可信赖的 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①You may rely on ⁠ that the work will be finished ahead of time. ②I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a （rely） person in the future. it　 reliable　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ③你可以相信，你有困难时我会帮助你。 →You can ⁠ when you are in trouble. →You can ⁠ when you are in trouble. →You can ⁠ when you are in trouble. rely on it that I will help you　 rely on me to help you　 rely on me helping you　 ◎归纳拓展 •rely vi.依赖，依靠；信赖 rely on/upon sb.to do sth.指望/相信某人会做某事 rely on/upon （doing） sth.依赖/信任/指望（做）某事 rely on/upon sb.for...依靠某人获得…… rely on/upon it that ...相信……；指望…… ◎写作素材 rely on him to help you with English指望他帮你学英语 give a reliable estimate 给出可靠的估计 10. come to an end结束 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①When will we bring an end the war？ ②The exploration ended ⁠ failure. ③The discussion finally came to ⁠ end. to　 in　 an　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④考试结束后，学校的所有课程也都结束了。 After the exam，all the lessons in school also ⁠. came to an end　 ◎归纳拓展 •bring an end to sth.＝bring sth.to an end＝put an end to sth. 使……结束 in the end最终，终于 •end up with以……结束 ◎写作素材 end up nowhere最终一事无成 end in failure以失败而告终 11. admit vi.&vt.承认；接纳，容纳 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①She apologised to me and admitted （take） my umbrella by mistake. ②News came from the school office that Wang Lin had been admitted ⁠ Peking University. ③Gaining （admit） to a key university is seen as a key to future success for some parents. taking/having taken　 to/into　 admission　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④没有你的指导，我不可能被这么好的大学录取。 Without your guidance， ⁠ ⁠. I couldn’t have been admitted to/into such a good university　 ◎归纳拓展 •admit doing/having done sth.承认做/做过某事 admit sb./sth.to be承认某人/物是…… be admitted to/into被接收（入学/入院/入党等）；被录取 be admitted that...承认/认为…… •admission n.承认；准许进入；入场费 ◎写作素材 be admitted to hospital被送进医院 admit feeling jealous承认自己的嫉妒之心 admit little light into the room 只有少量光线可以照进房间 Admission is free. 免费入场。 经典句型 1. Then I got to the point where I was staying up really late at night to get my work done.然后我到了晚上熬夜到很晚来完 成工作的地步。 [句型公式]　where引导定语从句修饰抽象名词point。 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①We had reached the point ⁠ there was no money left. ②Today， we’ll discuss a number of cases ⁠ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. when　 where　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ③她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。 She wants a job ⁠. where her management skills can be put to good use ◎归纳拓展 先行词是case， condition， situation， position， stage 等名词，表 示情况、方面、处境时，用关系副词where引导定语从句。先行词 是point或occasion，表示地点，用where引导定语从句；表示时间， 用when引导定语从句。 ◎写作素材 He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.他陷入了一种很难判断什么是对、什么是错的境地。 2. This is why there is a saying that if you want something done， ask a busy person to do it.这就是为什么有一种说法，如果你想要完 成某事，让一个忙碌的人去做。 [句型公式]　This/That is why...为表语从句的常用句型结构，意为 “这/那就是……的原因”，用来表示结果。 『练会』 单句语法填空 ①He and I have worked together for a couple of years.That’s ⁠ I know him pretty well. ②He hurt his leg.That’s ⁠ he fell from a tall tree. ③The reason why he came late was ⁠ he missed the bus. why　 because　 that　 『写美』 应用文之写作佳句 ④那是因为听是我们日常获取语言信息的主要途径。 ⁠ listening is a key way of receiving language information in our daily life. That is because　 ◎归纳拓展 •that/this is because...那/这是因为……；because后面跟原因。 •the reason why...is that...……的原因是…… ◎写作素材 When I grew up，I realized that was why my father could get along well with all the people around him.我长大了才明白那就是为什么父 亲能和他周围的所有人和睦相处。 基础知识达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the importance of a （balance） diet to their health. 2. Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as （competitor）. 3. We should not leave the tap water （run） or waste any materials. 4. The （combine） of urban and rural areas was a high incidence area of crime. balanced　 competitors　 running　 combination　 5. As far as I’m concerned，scientists are those who are very modest in their work and are always （focus） on everything they do. 6. The study showed the animals had figured ⁠ how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage. 7. You’ll be able to choose a room based ⁠ your own personal tastes. focused　 out　 on　 8. Thanks to the government’s effective measures，the disaster came ⁠ an end soon. 9. Sorry，we are late.That’s ⁠ we were held up in the traffic jam. 10. The baby has reached the stage ⁠ he can stand up. to　 because　 where　 Ⅱ.完成句子 1. From space， the earth looks blue. （这是因 为） about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 2. （花了他们大约一 个月的时间去弄明白） how to start the equipment. 3. （基于他的调查） into this phenomenon， Charlie wrote the investigation report. 4. （从天空的云来判断）， it will rain tonight. 5. You could get into a situation ⁠ （你不得不立刻做出决定）. This is because　 It took them about one month to figure out　 Based on his investigation　 Judging from the clouds in the sky　 where you have to decide immediately　 写作能力提升 话题写作——应用文增分练 Step 1　写作要点（根据汉语提示补全所给的英文句子） 　　①我写信申请学生志愿者的职位。 I’m writing to ⁠ as a student volunteer. ②通过从事这项工作，我能够提高我的组织能力和英语口 语水平。 By ， I will be able to ⁠ ⁠ as well as my spoken English. apply for the position　 taking up the work　 improve my organisational ability　 　　③我曾经被别人帮助过，这对我有重大影响，因此我要从事这 项工作作为对这种善意的回应。 I was once helped by others， and it ⁠ on me， so I’ll take up the post ⁠ the kindness. had a profound effect　 in response to　 ④我主动帮助我的老师们组织了几次令人满意的课外活动， （这些活动）得到了老师们和同学们的赞赏。 I my teachers organize several satisfying after- school activities，and they were appreciated by both my teachers and classmates. ⑤我相信我能胜任这个职位。 I am sure that I can ⁠. ⑥如果你能够给我提供这个机会我将不胜感激。 I would be if you could ⁠ the chance. offered to help　 be qualified for the post　 grateful　 offer me　  　I offered to help my teachers organize several satisfying after- school activities， which were appreciated by both my teachers and classmates.　 Step 2　表达升级（改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级） 　　①用非限制性定语从句改写句④ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ②用appreciate改写句⑥ ⁠ I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance.　 　　 ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ 　　 　I’m writing to apply for the position as a student volunteer.For one thing，by taking up the work， I will be able to improve my organisational ability as well as my spoken English.For another，I was once helped by others， and it had a profound effect on me， so I’ll take up the post in response to the kindness.What’s more，I offered to help my teachers organize several satisfying after-school activities， which were appreciated by both my teachers and classmates.I am sure that I can be qualified for the post.I would appreciate it if you could offer me the chance.　 Step 3　衔接成文（利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇） 微型写作——续写提升练 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容写出最后两段内所空出的四个句子，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jim stared at the ground and sighed in disappointment. Players from the opposing team raced past Jim， celebrating their shocking victory. They’d scored the game-winning goal just seconds before the end of the game. “Just one word to describe a loss like that，” Jim mumbled to his teammate Devin. “Terrible！” Devin sighed. “It was a tough one.” He trotted （小步快跑） toward the middle of the field to shake hands with the winning team. Jim walked slowly behind Devin. He unhappily slapped hands with the winners， then stopped to shut his eyes as the autumn air cooled his sweaty face. “Terrible，” he repeated to himself as he sat on the bench and pulled his jacket on. “Let’s get some hot chocolate and watch the next game，” Devin said. There were eight teams in the YMCA league， so games would go on all morning. “Sorry. I’m heading home，” Jim said. “I’ve had enough soccer for today.” As he reached the gate， Jim glanced back to see the next two teams take the field. They were jumping and shouting， excited to play. “That was us a little while ago， before we were discouraged.” Jim thought. So why we lost the game at last？ Jim asked himself. How did such a well-played game end up with such a terrible result？ It was still clear in his head： Jim had the ball deep on the Jets’ side of the field， looking for Devin or another teammate to pass to. His team had outplayed the Jets for most of the game， but failed within the last seconds. Jim let out a deep breath. The morning was growing warmer. Perfect for soccer. Jim looked back toward the field. He couldn’t see it， but he could hear the excited voices as the game continued. With a car’s horn beeping， Jim’s friends Tara and Bryan jumped out of the car. ① ⁠ “Terrible！” Jim replied in a down tone， still trying to figure out how the opposing team scored the game-winning goal just seconds before the end of the game. Bryan patted Jim’s shoulder asking， “Is winning the game the only reason why you play soccer and what really matters when playing a game？”② ⁠ ⁠ “How did you do？” Tara asked eagerly.　 Hearing this， Jim didn’t want to go home but decided to follow his friends and watch their game.　 adversity and grow from it.　 doesn’t always depend on the end result， but rather on how we face 　　There came the turn for Tara and Bryan’s team to play the game. ③ ⁠ What impressed him most was that all the players in Tara’s team cooperated perfectly with unwavering resolve on their faces. Even when they were in a tie with the opponent， they stayed positive and confident. ④ ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ Jim watched with full attention as Tara’s team played fiercely against their opposing team.　 It dawned on Jim that success 课时作业 [话题语篇强化] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 　　（2023·湖南五市联考）Psychological science is full of interesting topics， many of which tell a coherent picture of human nature， but some of which create seemingly contradictory stories. A case in point is the misunderstood overlap （交叠） between strength-based science and the research on narcissism （自恋）. 　　There is now convincing evidence to show that narcissism is on the rise， especially in our youth. Some researchers say that about 25％ of young people show symptoms of narcissism. 　　We are correct to be concerned about this phenomenon， but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful reaction against approaches that seek to make our children and teens feel good about themselves. 　　In my own research on strength-based parenting， it is common for people to wrongly think this approach to be the cause of narcissism. Their argument seems to be that a child who knows their strengths will automatically view themselves as better than everyone else. It is argued that the self-assurance that comes with identifying and using their positive qualities will make a child selfish and uncaring. 　　Why does this occur？ It’s partly because more is known about narcissism than strengths. While strengths psychology has largely stayed within the limit of academic journals， research on narcissism has made its way into the mass media and our daily life. The New York Times noted that narcissism is a favored topic and that people everywhere are diagnosing others with it. 　　The fear that a strength-based approach will cause narcissism also occurs because of our binary （非此即彼的） thinking. We mistakenly believe that one cannot be both confident and humble. Without confidence in their strengths， Gandhi and Mother Teresa couldn’t have achieved so much， and yet modesty and selflessness are their qualities. 　　When we assume that strength-focus is the same as self-focus， we fail to make the idea clear that people who know their strengths are， actually， more likely to be pro-social and ready to help others. 　　It’s easy to conclude that every young person is at risk of becoming a narcissist but I’d like to stand up for the thousands of young kids I have worked with who are caring， thoughtful and humble—even when they use their strengths. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。一直以来，人们对了解个 人优势和自恋两者之间的区别认识不足，导致了误认为青少年的自 信是自恋。作者解释了这一现象及其产生原因，并表明了自己的观 点：优势教育是有益的。 1. Which of the following opinions may the writer agree with？ A. To state all kids are potential narcissists is overstating the case. B. Strength-based parenting results in narcissism. C. It’s unhelpful for us to make our children feel good about themselves. D. Children knowing their strengths tend to be more selfish and uncaring. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“but our fear that all kids are potential narcissists has caused an unhelpful reaction”可以推知，作者认为不 是所有的孩子都有成为自恋狂的可能，这样的说法是夸大其词。故 选A项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 2. Why are teenagers’ strengths often thought of as narcissism？ A. Many people are diagnosed with narcissism by doctors. B. There is a shortage of narcissism in our common sense. C. Academic journals report more on narcissism. D. The general public has fewer approaches to strengths psychology. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，青少年因优势产生的自信经 常被误认为是自恋，产生这种现象的原因在于大众对自恋这个话题 很喜欢而且很熟悉，而对优势心理学相对陌生，对其接触也比较 少。故选D项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3. What’s the author’s attitude toward young kids’ strength-based approaches？ A. Tolerant. B. Neutral. C. Supportive. D. Doubtful. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中的“we fail to make the idea clear that people who know their strengths are， actually，more likely to be pro-social and ready to help others”以及最后一段的内容可知，知道 自己长处的孩子有很多优势，由此可推知，作者对基于优势的教育 方式是支持的。故选C项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4. What is a suitable title for the text？ A. Teens’ Narcissism Diagnosis B. Teens’ Misunderstood Confidence C. Teens’ Strength-Based Approach D. Teens’ Psychology Research 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 标题归纳题。分析文章结构可知，本文的第一段是中心段，其中第 二句就是中心句。本文主要讨论了孩子们的自信很多时候被误认为 自恋的问题。B项“青少年被误解的自信”适合作为文章标题。故 选B项。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 B 　　（2023·安徽六校联考）When romantic partners argue over things like finances，jealousy，or other interpersonal issues，they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument.But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts，according to a study by the University of Waterloo just published online in Social Psychological and Personality Science. Alex Huynh，a doctoral candidate in psychology，is the lead author of the study，which he published with Igor Grossmann from the University of Waterloo，and Daniel Yang from Yale University. 　　Previous research has shown that third-perspective reasoning can be a positive strategy for reconciliation （调解） of interpersonal struggles.Huynh and his collaborators investigated whether the similar benefit can be induced by simply thinking about the future.Study participants were instructed to reflect on a recent conflict with a romantic partner or a close friend.One group of participants was then asked to describe how they would feel about the conflict one year in the future，while another group was asked to describe how they felt in the present. 　　The team examined participants’ written responses through a text- analysis program for their use of pronouns such as I，me，she，he. These choices of pronouns were used to capture participants’ focus on the feelings and behaviour of those involved in the conflict.Written responses were also examined for forgiveness and reinterpreting the conflict more positively，both of which implied the participants’ use of reasoning strategies. 　　The researchers found that envisioning （展望） future relationships affected both participants’ focus on their feelings and their reasoning strategies.As a result，participants reported more positivity about their relationships altogether，especially when study participants extended their thinking about the relationships a year into the future. 　　“Our study demonstrates that adopting a future-oriented perspective in the context of a relationship conflict—reflecting on how one might feel a year from now—may be a valuable coping tool for one’s psychological happiness and relationship well-being，”said Huynh. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，展望未来 可以帮助解决人际关系方面的冲突。 5. What do romantic partners do in face of most disagreements？ A. They lose faith in their future. B. They look forward to a fierce conflict. C. They focus on their present feelings. D. They care more about financial problems. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When romantic partners argue over things ...they tend to employ their current feelings as fuel for a heated argument.”可知，伴侣在争吵的时候比较关注当前的感受，故C项 正确。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 6. What does the underlined word“induced”in paragraph 2 most probably mean？ A. Explained. B. Caused. C. Reduced. D. Improved. 答案：B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 词义猜测题。根据语境可知，画线词所在句中的the similar benefit 指的是与上文中提到的reconciliation of interpersonal struggles相似的 益处，上文中提到的益处是由third-perspective reasoning产生的，因 此研究人员想知道simply thinking about the future是否也可以产生相 似的效果。故B项与画线词的意义最为接近。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7. What do we know about the study？ A. The reasoning strategies in participants’ written responses were well worthy of note. B. Study participants described their recent relationships with their romance partners or friends. C. A text-analysis program was employed to examine participants’ use of negative words. D. All the study participants described how they felt both in the present and in the future. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Written responses were also examined ...reasoning strategies.”可推知，参与者书面答复中暗含的 推理策略同样值得关注，故A项正确。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8. What can be the best title for the text？ A. You Have a Year to Solve Your Interpersonal Problems！ B. Beneficial Reasoning Is a Positive Strategy for Reconciliation！ C. Your Current Feelings Are the Real Cause of Your Heated Arguments！ D. Thinking about Future Is Essential for Relationship Maintenance！ 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一项研究发现，此类文章的主题一般 为研究结果。根据第一段中的“But thinking about the future helps overcome relationship conflicts，according to a study by the University of Waterloo”可知，研究表明，展望未来可以帮助解决人际关系方 面的冲突，故D项最适合作本文的标题。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.完形填空 　　（2024·江苏南京质检）I joined the girls’ tennis team in Grade 2.A freshman transferring from Britain also joined the team. But she was quickly  　1　 for her accent，which made her anxious and  　2　.Refusing to accept this unforgivable behavior，I  　31　 her，praising her accent and befriending her. 　　This inoffensive （不冒犯人的） interaction had its root in the deep-seeded  　4　 from a previous situation where I failed to  　511　 and ultimately hurt an innocent girl. 　　I met Catherine when I  　6　 survived my first year in America. Catherine made me feel  　7　 by greeting me with her thick but cheerful southern accent each morning. We quickly became best friends. 　　However，it was short-lived.Catherine and I  　8　 to join the school drama club. Unfortunately，cruel gossips （流言） unfolded at Catherine’s expense before the interview. Desperate not to be  　9　 ，I just stood by. 　　Catherine would still greet me，her  　10　 not fading. Deeply buried in the  　11　 of “betraying” my friend，I couldn’t forgive myself. Our relationship was  　12　 destroyed. 　　I wish I could go back with the  　13　 to defend her，but I can’t. I can，however，  　14　 to never give in to such fear. Courage isn’t the absence of fear，but the  　15　 over it. 　　【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者刚到美国时，结识了 好朋友Catherine。但当Catherine遭遇流言蜚语时，作者因害怕而没 有支持Catherine，现在深感内疚。我们要有勇气战胜这种恐惧。 1. A. admired B. teased C. followed D. blamed 答案：B 根据下文的this unforgivable behavior和praising her accent可知，一种不可原谅的行为指的应该是“取笑她的口音”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2. A. insecure B. excited C. relaxed D. jealous 答案：A 根据上文的anxious以及下文的this unforgivable behavior可知，此处也表示一种焦虑不安的心情。insecure“缺乏信心的；不安全 的”；excited“激动的”；relaxed“放松的”；jealous“嫉妒 的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3. A. analyzed B. affected C. approached D. accused 答案：C 根据下文的praising her accent and befriending her可知，与其他人不 同，作者称赞她的口音，与她做好朋友，因此应该是接近她。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4. A. gesture B. guilt C. pride D. eagerness 答案：B 根据下文的“Deeply buried in ...forgive myself.”可知，作者曾经历过愧疚。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5. A. stay up B. give up C. cheer up D. stand up 答案：D 根据下文的“Unfortunately，cruel gossips ...just stood by.”可知，之前作者的朋友遭遇流言蜚语时，她并没有支持朋友。stay up“熬 夜”；give up“放弃”；cheer up“（使）变得更高兴，振作起 来”；stand up“支持”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6. A. barely B. smoothly C. slowly D. totally 答案：A 根据下文的“greeting me with ...accent each morning.We quickly became best friends.”可知，作者第一年到美国时，生活应该不是 很顺利。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7. A. confused B. excited C. abandoned D. accepted 答案：D 根据下文的“We quickly became best friends.”可知，Catherine每天和作者打招呼让作者感觉自己被接纳、认可了。confused“困惑 的”；excited“激动的”；abandoned“被抛弃的”；accepted“被 认可的”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8. A. applied B. happened C. agreed D. forgot 答案：A 根据空后的the school drama club可知，作者和Catherine申请加入学校戏剧俱乐部。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9. A. inspired B. included C. rewarded D. remembered 答案：B 根据上文的“Catherine and I ...drama club.”可知，此处表示关于 Catherine的残酷的流言蜚语在面试前被到处传播，而作者害怕被牵 涉进去，因此对Catherine的事情袖手旁观。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10. A. hope B. voice C. enthusiasm D. sympathy 答案：C 根据上文的“Catherine made me ...accent each morning.”可 知，即使经历了不开心的事，Catherine一直跟作者打招呼，对 作者很热情。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11. A. shame B. depression C. trouble D. delight 答案：A 根据上文的“Catherine would still ...not fading.”以及本句中的 “betraying” my friend可知，不开心的事情发生之后，Catherine对 作者像往常一样热情，但作者觉得自己“背叛”了朋友，因此感到 很羞愧。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12. A. carefully B. especially C. hardly D. permanently 答案：D 根据上文的“I couldn’t forgive myself”可知，作者不能原谅自己，觉得自己和Catherine的关系永远被破坏了。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13. A. desire B. challenge C. courage D. devotion 答案：C 根据上文的“Unfortunately，cruel gossips ...just stood by.”可知，作者之前为了不被牵涉其中，对Catherine的事情袖手旁观。如果作者 想要支持Catherine，应该需要很大的勇气。下文中的“Courage” 也是提示。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14. A. arrange B. swear C. afford D. beg 答案：B 根据下文的“Courage isn’t the ...over it.”可知，作者现在意识到， 要有勇气战胜恐惧，所以此处指她发誓永不向恐惧屈服。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15. A. advantage B. victory C. debate D. quarrel 答案：B 根据上文的“I can，however， ...such fear.”可知，作者会努力不向恐惧屈服，因此会战胜恐惧。victory意为“胜利，成功”。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 $$