Unit 1 重点短语及知识点讲解、同步练习江苏2024-2025学年牛津译林版八年级英语上册

江苏译林版8A U1 Friends (1) 【重点词组句型默写】 一、重点短语 12 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1. have something to drink 有喝的东西 2. what about …怎么样 3. in the fridge 在冰箱里 4. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事 5. keep a secret 保守秘密 6. make sb. happy 使某人开心 7. share my joy 分享我的快乐 8. make good friends 交好朋友 9. tell lies 说谎 10. tell sb. funny jokes 给某人讲有趣的笑话 11. care about 关心 12. be willing to do 乐意(做) 13. be ready to do准备做… 14. talk to sb.与某人交谈 15. talk about sth讨论某事 16. write to sb. 给某人写信 17. share sth. with sb 与某人分享某物 18. listen to sb. carefully 认真地听某人说 19. help sb. with sth在某方面帮助某人 20. travel around the world 周游世界 21. give one’s seat to sb.让座给某人 22. have a good voice有好的嗓音 23. would like/want to be a singer 想成为一名歌手 24. grow up长大 25. have a good sense of humor 有很好的幽默感 26. feel bored 感到无聊 27. walk past走过 28. say a bad word about sb.说某人的坏话 29. learn more about…学习更多关于 30. both …and ....既.....又 二、重点句型 1. make sb.+adj. 使某人怎么样 2. one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数 最……之一 3. What’s sb. like? 某人是什么样的人 4. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 【语言点讲解】 语言点1: say a bad word about sb.说某人的坏话 “众说纷纭” ① say +说话内容 E.g.say a bad word about sb; say to oneself 自言自语; ② speak +语言; 打电话;作演讲 ③ talk with/to sb.; talk about sth. ④ tell sb sth.; tell sb. (not) to do sth.;tell stories/jokes/lies 讲故事/讲笑话/说谎 【典型例题】 1. -What makes good friends, Amy? -I think good friends should be honest and never _ lies. A. tell B. say C. speak D. talk 2. —I hear Frank is going to _ at the school meeting. —Do you know what he is going to _? A. say; talk B. talk; speak C. speak; say D. talk; tell 3. 她从不说任何人的坏话。 She never _ a _ _ about anyone. says bad word 语言点2: When something worries me, I can always go to her. * sth worry sb 某事使某人麻烦 what he says worries me a lot / his words worry me a lot sb worry about sb/sth 某人为……担心 I worry about his health. worried adj. 担心的 sb be worried about 某人为……担心 I am worried about his health. 【典型例题】 1. When something _ me, I always feel _. A. worry, worried B. worries, worry C. worries, worried D. worried, worries 2. Ann is really down these days. She_her sick mother and her new job_her, too. A.worries; worries B. worries about; worries C. worries; worries about D. worries about; worries about 语言点3: bored adj. 修饰人,感到无聊的 boring adj. 修饰物,令人无聊的 eg. The boring story makes me bored. 同类单词: excited/exciting interested/interested relaxed/relaxing touched/touching 【典型例题】 1. I feel _ because my job is too _. A. bored, boring B. bored, bored C. boring, boring D. boring, bored 2. Kitty looks _. She looks _ at the ants on the ground. A. boring, careful B. bored, carefully C. boring, carefully D. bored, careful 语言点4: be willing to do = be ready to do Are you willing to keep a secret for me? be ready to do 已经做好...的准备 We are ready to hear the news. 我们随时准备听消息。 乐意做某事 I’m ready to help you with your English. 语法1:形容词 /副词的比较级和最高级 一、比较级和最高级的定义: 1.比较级:表示“更……”,用于两者之间的比较; She is shorter than I am. My book is more interesting than his. 2.最高级:表示“最……”,用于三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较,最高级前要加定冠词the。 He is the tallest boy in our class. This is the most expensive computer in the shop. 二、比较级和最高级的构成: (1)规则变化: 1 )”短adj.” -er/-est ①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er/-est : tall-taller-tallest smart-smarter-smartest great greater greatest ②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-r/-st : nice-nicer-nicest fine-finer-finest ③以辅音+y 结尾的词,变y为 i,再加-er/-est: early-earlier-earliest happy-happier-happiest busy-busier-busiest ④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词,双写辅音字母,再加-er/-est : big-bigger-biggest thin-thinner-thinnest hot-hotter-hottest 2) “长adj.” more-/most- 多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加more/most : popular-more popular-most popular important-more important-most important (2)不规则变化: 中文 原级 比较级 最高级 好 good/ well better best 多 many/ much more most 坏 bad / badly(坏地)/ill worse worst 少 little less least 远 far farther(表距离)/ further(表程度) farthest/ furthest 注意:形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不",如important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 三、比较级和最高级的用法: (一)比较级的基本用法: 1)“比较级+than …”结构 I am taller than you. He runs faster than I. 2)“ A or B” Who is slimmer, Lucy or Kitty? 更多用法: 3) “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。 It is getting warmer and warmer. 0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful. 4) 表示“越…,就越…”,用“the+比较级,the+比较级….” The busier ,the better. The more exercise you take, the healthier you will be. 5) 比较级前面可以加上much, a little, even, a lot等词. He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。 I jump a little higher than he. 例:Mum, I’m feeling even _ than yesterday. A. bad B. worse C. worst D. the worst 6)“the more…of the two…”表示“两个当中较……的一个” The taller of the two boys is my brother. 例:Of the two coats, the girl choose _ one. A. less expensive B.the most expensive C.the less expensive D.the least expensive (二)最高级基本用法: 1)the +最高级 +of/ in … My mother is the busiest in my family Jim works (the) hardest of us. 2) …A, B or C? Which do you best, blue, red or white? 更多用法: 3) “one of +最高级+复数名词”: He is one of the best students in our class. This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden. 注意:在形容词最高级前有限定词时,不要定冠词the. This is her most interesting experience 同时形容词最高级前要加the,但是副词最高级the可省。 run (the) fastest 4) the +序数词+最高级+名词单数 1. Shanghai is the first _(big) city in China. biggest 2. Hainan is a very large island(岛). It is the second_ island in China. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the most large 【语法专项练习题】 一、填空 1. nice _ 2. fat _ 3. slow _ 4. dry _ 5. happy _ 6. early _ 7. wet _ 8. thin _ 9. careful_ 10. many/much _ 11. bad/badly _ 12. little _ 13. far _ 14.good/well_ nicer fatter slower drier happier earlier wetter thinner more careful more worse less farther/further better 二、填单词的适当形式 1. Which book is _, this one or that one? (easy) 1. Skating is _than swimming. (exciting) 1. It is much _ today than yesterday. (hot) 1. _ people came to the meeting than last time. (many) 1. Things are getting _and _. (bad) 1. The higher you climb, the _ it will be. (cold) 1. Mr. Smith is _man in this office. (rich) 1. Winter is _ season of the years. (cold) 1. Of the three girls, I find Lucy is _ (clever). 1. This ruler is twice as _ (long) as that one. 1. The famous writer went to America for_(far) study when he was 18. 1. Hope for the best,but prepare for the_ (bad). 1. The poor man felt even _ (ill) after taking the medicine. easier more exciting hotter more worse worse colder the richest the coldest the cleverest long further worse worse 易错点解析 1、any other +单数=the other+名词复数 “任何别的…” (与范围内的比较) any+ 单数 “任何…” (与范围外的比较) 【典型例题】 ( )1. She is better at English than _ in her class. A. any other student B. the other student C. the one of any other student D. those of any other student ( )2. Shanghai is bigger than _ in Japan. A. any city B. any other city C. the other cities D. other cities ( )3. Shanghai is bigger than_ in Jiangsu and bigger than_in China. A. any city, any city B. any city, any other city C. any other city, the other cities D. any other city, any city ( )4. Betty writes _ than _ student in her class. A. more carefully; any B. more carefully; any other C. more careful; any other D. more carefully; the other 课堂反馈 一、词汇运用(10分) 1. Guo Degang is very humorous(幽默的). Many people around our country like him. 2. I’m sorry for knocking(碰) all your books off the desk. 3. Don’t play jokes (玩笑) on your teachers. It’s not polite. 4. She smiled (微笑) at me when she walked past me . 5. Daniel is honest(诚实的). He never tells lies 6. Everyone felt even _(口渴的) after drinking the cola.thirstier 7. He is reading an interview with her in a magazine(杂志) 8. Because clothing has strong social meanings, people are very careful in choosing(挑选) what to wear. 9. The _(smile) girl in this picture is my best friend Alice.smiling 10. Do you know the _(高度)of the tallest building in Wuxi?height 二、单项选择(10分) ( )1. Don’t tell _ lie. You are _ honest boy. A. /; an B. the; a C. a; a D. a; an ( )2. —I can’t find the magazine I bought this morning. —Well, good friends _ honest as well as helpful. A. should be B. may be C. can be D. maybe ( )3.—What a great thing to have a robot (机器人) at home! —Yes. One day they will help people do _ . A. most something B. most anything C. almost nothing D. almost everything ( )4. My friend Jenny never_a bad word about anyone. A. speaks B. tells C. says D. talks ( )5. There comes Grandfather’s_on the phone. A.noise B. sound C. voice D.shout ( )6. _honest man Leo is! A. What a B.What an C.How a D.How an ( )7. I think teachers are the most hard-working people. Do you_me? A. go on with B. catch up with C. agree with D.think of ( )8. The girl_long hair is_in her class. A. has;tallest B.has;the tallest C.with;taller D.with;the tallest ( )9. Tom is taller than_in his class. A. any student B.the other student C.any other student D.any students ( )10. A dictionary is_than a story-book. A. much expensive B.much more expensive C.many more expensive D.the more expensive 三、动词填空(6分) 1. Thank you for agreeing(agree)to let me go to the party. 2. What the teacher said just now made (make) the boy very happy 3. My mother tells me not to watch(not watch) TV before I finish my homework 4. If Jane _(try) her best to learn Geography,she will have better grades. tries 5. They _(join)us this afternoon in playing basketball,won’t they? will join 6.I am busy now.I have a lot of things _(do). to do 四、完成句子(9分) 1. 谢谢你替我保密。 Thank you for keeping the secret for me . 2. 当有什么事使你担忧时,你通常去找谁? Who do you usually go to when something worries you? 3. 我的腿很长,在课桌下伸不开。 My legs are very long. They don’t fit well under my desk. 4. 他愿意随时帮助那些需要帮助的人。 He’s willing to help those people in need anytime. 5. 我们的英语老师富有幽默感。 Our English teacher has a good sense of humour. 6. 你相信他刚才说的话吗? Do you believe what he said just now ? 五、完型填空(10分) DBABC BDACD Yesterday my grandfather told me about his early days. When he left school, he found a job in a post office. He worked hard in the 1 . Soon he had more money than his friends 2 his hard work. It seemed that he would have a bright future. When he was 25 years old, however, he began to 3 his job. He wanted a more exciting one, so he left the post office. Two months later, he found a new job in a big company. Workers in this company 4 traveled a lot. At first he really enjoyed the traveling. 5 after a year, he began to hate it. He had to 6 and he was always in a car or on a train. The worst thing was he couldn’t make any new friends! Even so, his boss was not satisfied with him. Two years later, he had to leave the company. He was 7 at that time, so he sold his house. He had to accept a part time job in a book shop. He was surprised to find he loved it! He made new friends every day and he enjoyed reading books. Three years later, he 8 the shop owner’s daughter. Soon they had their first child. In the next ten years, they had another three 9 and four more book shops! He became very rich indeed. “Life is 10 ,” he told me. “The most important thing is that you should always try your best. Never give up!” 1. A. factory B. theatre C. bank D. post office 2. A. because B. because of C. as a result D. while 3. A. dislike B. love C. like D. enjoy 4. A. almost B. usually C. seldom D. never 5. A. So B. And C. But D. Though 6. A. stay in one place B. move around C. make noise D. make a wish 7. A. happy B. energetic C. rich D. poor 8. A. married B. understood C. met D. visited 9. A. sisters B. brothers C. children D. cousins 10. A. boring B. important C. necessary D. wonderful 课后巩固 一、单项选择 (10’) ( )1 think Tom is _ than Jim, do you think so? A. more clever B. much clever C. much cleverer D. much more cleverer ( )2. Peter is _ student of the six students. A. the taller B. a taller C. the tallest D. the most tallest ( )3. As we all know that he should be_honest student as_usual student. A. an; an B. an; a C. a; a D. a; an ( )4. When Jim _ my desk just now, he_ my books and pens onto the floor. A. walked past; knocked off B. past; knocked C. walked passed; knocked over D. walked past; knocked ( )5.— Can I have _ to eat, Mum? Better _rice? I’m very hungry. — Ok, a moment, please. A. anything else; any more B. something else; some more C. else anything, more D. else something; any more ( )1. The weather in Beijing is much colder in winter than _in Hainan. A.it B.that C.this D.one ( )2. She is _ in my class. A.one nicest girl B.a nicest girl C.the nicest girls D.the nicest girl ( )3. Shanghai is larger than _ in Jiangsu. A.any city B.any other city C.other city D.another city ( )4. I like _ of the two books, because it’s more interesting. A.older B.oldest C.the older D.the oldest ( )5. We’ll try our best to do the work with _ money and _ people. A.few;little B. a few;a little C.less;fewer D.fewer;less 二、词汇运用 (8’) 1. These singers’(歌手)wonderful CDs sell well all over the world. 2. This kind of food made Jessie thirsty (口渴的) 3. Japanese is easier (easy) for me to learn than French. 4. David was unhappy (happy). His pet dog died. 5. This pair of trousers _(适合) me well. I’ll take them. fits 6. She is a _(真正的) friend of mine. She often helps me when I am in trouble. true 7. Look!The man is _(几乎)as tall as Yao Ming. almost 8. These coat are those _(teenage). Please take care of them. teenagers’ 三、动词填空 (5’) 1. He thought (think) of his best friend when he read the novel. 2. Li Hong is always willing to give (give) seats to people on the bus. 3. I do not think cycling (cycle) is as interesting as drawing. 4. We will travel (travel)around the world when we grow up. 5. If you have problems_(speak) English, you should read and listen more often. speaking 四、完成句子 (9’) 1. 我认为滑雪没有划船有趣。 I do not think skiing is as interesting as boating. 2. 在你所有的朋友中,哪一个最大方呢? Which one _ _ _ _ of all your friends? is the most generous 3. 他们都喜欢戴维。他从来不说别人坏话。 They all like David. He never says bad words/a bad word about anyone/others. 4. 为你的好朋友保守秘密是很重要的。 It’s very important to keep secrets for your good friends. 5. 刚才什么让你不开心? What _just now?made you unhappy 6. 那个梳着马尾辫的小女孩总是面带微笑。 The girl with a ponytail wears a smile on her face all the time. 五、阅读理解(6分) It was at least two months before Christmas when nine-year-old Almie Rose told her father and me that she wanted a new bicycle. As Christmas was nearer, her desire (愿望) for a bicycle seemed to fade (消退). We bought her a lovely doll, and a doll house. Then, much to our surprise, on December 23rd, she said that “I really want a bike more than anything else.” But it was just too late. With such a lot of preparations to do for the Christmas dinner, we did not have the time to buy our little girl a bike. On Christmas Eve around 9:00 p.m., Almie and her six-year-old brother, Dylan, were sleeping in their beds. Now we could only think of the bicycle and the disappointment (失望) of our child. “What if I make a little bicycle out of clay (泥) and write a note that she could trade (交换) the clay bike for a real bike?” her dad asked. So he spent the next four hours making a small clay bike. On Christmas morning, we were excited to wait for Almie to open the little gift box with the beautiful red and white clay bike and the note. Finally, she opened it and read the note aloud (大声地). “Does this mean that I can trade this bike that Daddy made me for a real one?” I said, “Yes.” Almie had tears (眼泪) in her eyes when she replied, “I could never trade this beautiful bicycle that Daddy made me. I’d rather (宁愿) keep this than get a real bike.” At that moment, we would have moved heaven and earth (竭尽全力) to buy her every bicycle in the world. ( ) 1. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. The parents wanted the girl to have the clay bike for ever (永远). B. Tears were in the girl’s eyes because she didn’t like the present at all. C. The girl never lost her desire for a bike. D. The parents cared little about the daughter’s desire for a bike. ( ) 2. Why did Dad make the clay bicycle? A. He wanted his daughter to buy a real one. B. He didn’t want to make his daughter sad. C. He thought his daughter would like it. D. He wanted to give his daughter a surprise. ( ) 3. What can we know from the last sentence? A. The parents were sad about what the girl said. B. The parents felt nervous and shy. C. The parents felt proud (自豪) of the girl. D. The parents felt unhappy for the girl. ( ) 4. Which do you think is the best title for the story? A. A Lovely Little Girl B. A Great and Serious Father C. A Clay Bike D. Christmas Shopping ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$