内容正文:
Unit 4 My Favourite Subject 单元核心知识点精讲精练
【主要内容】
· 本资料包含单元重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、语音知识、重要句型和语法讲解,以及其他单元重要知识点。
· 本资料含随学随练和综合练习题,并附带答案与解析。
· 本单元内容思维导图:
1、 单元重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语)
1. favourite subject
最喜欢的学科
2. next class
下节课
3. learn about
学习,了解
4. how about...?
...怎么样?
5. all the subjects
所有的学科
6. *be good with
灵巧的,善于应付...的
7. *help sb. with...
在...方面帮助某人
8. look at
看
9. be boring to sb.
对某人来说枯燥
10. *listen to music
听音乐
11. a lot
很,非常
12. *be good at
擅长
13. draw pictures
画画
14. walk to school
走路去学校
15. be fun to do...
做某事很有趣
16. learn to do
学习做某事
17. use computers
使用电脑
18. work hard
努力工作
19. make the class interesting
使课堂有趣(make +n.+adj. 使某物...样的)
20. make everyone feel special
使每个人感到特别(make sb.+do 使某人做某事)
21. the same...as
和...一样的...
22. learn from
从/向...学习
23. message board
留言板
24. have gym
上体育课
25. a lot of new songs
很多的新歌
26. all kinds of
各种各样的
27. want to be a singer
想要成为一名歌手
28. *in the future
近来,未来
29. *work out
解决,计算出
30. math problems
数学题
31. *in class
在课堂上
32. feel like
感觉像
33. in our life
在我们的生活中
34. a weekly class timetable
每周课程表
2、 单元重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇)
1. *biology /baɪ'ɒlədʒi/ (n.) 生物学;生理
[词汇拓展] biological (adj.)生物的;生物学的;biologist (n.)生物学家
[词汇例句] Biology is my favourite subject. 生物是我最喜欢的学科。
2. *geography /dʒi'ɒɡrəfi/ (n.) 地理(学);地形,地势
[词汇拓展] geographical (adj.)地理的;geographer (n.)地理学家
[词汇例句] We have three geography classes every week. 每周我们有三节地理课。
3. *history /'hɪstri/ (n.) 历史;历史课;(某人的)履历,经历
[词汇拓展] geographic (adj.) 有关历史的;historic (adj.) 有重大历史意义的;historian (n.) 历史学家
[词汇搭配] in history在历史上;a history teacher 历史老师
[词汇例句] He couldn't get a new job because of his medical history. 由于他的病史,他无法找到新的工作。
4. 学科(subject)名词
(1) *biology baɪˈɒlədʒi/ 生物;*IT (=information technology) 信息技术;*geography/dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/地理;
*history/ ˈhɪstəri/(n.)历史;maths数学;PE(= physical education)体育;art美术;music音乐;
Chinese语文;English英语
(2) 其他学科名词:physics/ ˈfɪzɪks/物理;chemistry / ˈkeməstri/化学;moral education and law道德与法治
5. *boring /'bɔːrɪŋ/ (adj.) 乏味的;令人生厌的
[词汇拓展] bore (v.) 使厌烦;bored (adj.) 厌倦的;烦闷的
[词汇搭配] a boring man 惹人烦的人;a boring book无聊的书
[词汇用法]
· boring指“令人感到厌烦的”;bored通常指人“感到厌烦”。
She found her job very boring. 她觉得自己的工作很无聊。
She had nothing to do and felt bored. 她无事可做,感到无聊。
· 类似用法的词:interesting有趣的;interested感兴趣的;exciting令人兴奋的;excited感到兴奋的
The book is so interesting that many kids are interested in it. 这本书很有趣,很多孩子都对它感兴趣。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) —How was your weekend?
—It was ________. Too much homework made me ________.
A.boring, boring
B.bored, bored
C.boring, bored
D.bored, boring
(2) We were all ________ with the ________ film.
A.bored; bored
B.boring; boring
C.bored; boring
D.boring; bored
6. use /ju:z/ (v.) 使用;利用;/ju:s/ (n.)使用;用途
[词汇搭配] use sth. for (doing) sth. 把某物用于(做)某事;use sth. to do...用某物做...;use up用完
be of (much/great)use (非常)有用;be no use无用;It’s no use doing...做某事没有用处
make(good/full) use of (好好/充分)利用;put sth. to good use 有效利用
[词汇例句] Can I use your phone?我可以用一下你的电话吗?
I'm sure you'll think of a use for it.我相信你会给这东西找到用途的。
[随学随练]
用use短语补充完整句子。
(1) 那些东西你可以扔了——它们对谁都没用。
You can throw those away─they to anyone.
(2) 这本词典对我们非常有用。
This dictionary is to us.
(3) 跟他谈论是没用的。他从不改变主意。
It’s with him. He never changes his mind.
(4) 我们要好好利用我们的空闲时间。
We should our free time.
We should our free time .
7. *useful /'juːsfl/ (adj.)有用的;有益的
[词汇拓展] use (v.)使用;(n.)用途;usefully (adv.)有用地;有意地;useless (adj.)无用的;无益的
[词汇搭配] a useful book 一本有用的书;It’s useful to do...做某事是有用的
be useful to sb.对某人是有用的
[词汇例句] It can be useful to learn geography well. 把地理学好可能会有用。
[随学随练]
用use的适当形式填空。
(1) ChatGPT is very . We can get a lot of information from it.
(2) Claire is teaching her 80-year-old grandma WeChat these days.
(3) It’s to talk with him about his mistakes. He won’t listen to you.
(4) This device (设备)has many .
8. *exciting /ɪk'saɪtɪŋ/ (adj.) 令人激动的;使人兴奋的
[词汇拓展] excite (v.)使兴奋;excited(adj.)兴奋的;excitement (n.)兴奋
[词汇搭配] an exciting story激动人心的故事;something exciting 一些激动人心的事
[词汇用法]
· excited 表示“感到兴奋的”;exciting表示“令人感到兴奋的”。
They waited and waited for something exciting to happen.他们等啊等啊,等待着激动人心的事情发生。
The children were excited about opening their presents.孩子们对打开礼物感到兴奋不已。
· excited描述的对象常常是人,但也可以描述和人有关的事物,如look(表情),talk(谈话)等。
The excited look on his face shows that the news is good. 他脸上兴奋的表情表明是个好消息。
此处,excited look表示“感到兴奋的”,而不是“令人兴奋的”。所以,一概而论“excited修饰人,exciting修饰物”是不正确的表述。
· 类似用法的词:interesting有趣的;interested感兴趣的;boring令人生厌的;bored感到厌烦的。
[随学随练]
用excite的适当形式填空。
(1) I think this game show is really .
(2) we felt so that we couldn’t help jumping up happily.
(3) The girls jumped up and down in .
(4) The book the boys. They all enjoy reading it.
9. *past /pɑːst/ (n.) 过去;过去的事情;(adj.)过去的;(prep.) 在…之后;多于,超过
[词汇搭配] in the past在过去;in past years在过去的岁月;the past month上个月;half past two两点半
[词汇例句] We don't know anything about his past.我们对他的过去一无所知。
In the past , there is only a small school in the town.在过去,镇子上只有一所小的学校。
10. *good with 灵巧的;善于应付……的
*good at 擅长
[词汇拓展] good to对...好心的;good for 对...有好处;no good doing...做某事没有用处
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) Mr. Clark is good _______ music, and he is good _______ children in the music club(社团).
A.at; with
B.for; at
C.with; at
D.at; for
(2) Running in the morning is ________ your health.
A.good at
B.good to
C.good with
D.good for
11. *number /'nʌmbə(r)/ (n.) 数字;号码;(v.) 标号,给…编号; 总计,共计
[词汇搭配] a number of 大量的;the number of ...的数量
[词汇例句] My phone number is 266998.我的电话号码是266998。
We numbered 20.我们总共20人。
[词汇用法]
· a number of表示“大量的”,后接可数名词复数形式,number前可以有large,small等词修饰。当它们做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
A number of people are in the hall. 大厅里有很多人。
· the number of 指“...的数量”,当它做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
The number of the students in our school is past 500. 我们学校的学生人数超过500人。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) ________ the students in the class ________ 35.
A.The number of, is
B.A number of, is
C.The number of, are
D.A number of, am
(2) _________ the students in my class is fifty, and _________ them go to school by bus.
A.The number of; a number of
B.The number of; the number of
C.A number of; the number of
D.A number of; a number of
12. *reason /'riːzn/ (n.) 原因;理由;(v.) 推理;推论
[词汇拓展] reasonable (adj.)合理的;有理由的;reasoning(n.)推想,推理,论证
[词汇搭配] reason for (doing) sth. (做)某事的理由;give no reason for没有作任何解释
have reason to do...有理由做某事
[词汇例句] Give me one good reason why I should help you.我为什么要帮你?给我一个充分的理由。
They have reason to believe that he is lying.他们有理由认为他是在撒谎。
She reasoned that she must have left her bag on the train.她断定准是把包落在火车上了。
13. *remember /rɪˈmembə(r)/(v.)记住,记得
[词汇拓展] forget (v.) 忘记
[词汇搭配] remember to do 记得去做某事(事情未做);remember doing 记得做过某事(事情已做)
forget to do忘记去做某事(事情未做);forget doing忘记做过某事(事情已做)
[词汇例句] This is Carla. Do you remember her?这位是卡拉。你记得她吗?
Remember to call me when you arrive!你到了之后别忘了给我打电话!
[随学随练]
用所给词的适当形式填空。
(1) When you go out, please remember (close )the door and the windows.
(2) —Do you still remember (see) me somewhere in Shanghai?
—Yes, of course. Two years ago.
(3) —Did you forget (turn) off the light last night?
—No, I remember (turn) it off when I left school.
(4) Remember (help) your grandpa more when I am away from home.
14. *as /əz/ (prep.) 如同;作为;(conj.) 当…时;由于;正如,就像;(adv.) (比较时用)像...一样,如同
[词汇搭配] the same...as... 和...一样的...;as for 至于,关于;as though / if似乎;好像
[随学随练]
写出下列句子中as的中文意思
(1) You can use that glass as a vase.(花瓶).
(2) You're as tall as your father.
(3) He sat watching her as she got ready.
(4) She may need some help as she's new.
(5) As you know, Julia is leaving soon.
(6) As for the food, we can prepare (准备) some cupcakes, biscuits and bread.
(7) It sounds as though you had a good time.
15. *excellent /'eksələnt/ (adj.) 优秀的;极好的
[词汇拓展] excellently (adv.)优秀地;excellence (n.)优秀
[词汇搭配] an excellent teacher一名优秀的教师
[词汇例句] She speaks excellent French. 她法语说得好极了。
16. *instrument /'ɪnstrəmənt/ (n.) 器械,工具;乐器;仪器,仪表
[词汇搭配] all kinds of interesting instruments 各种各样的乐器;musical instruments乐器
[词汇例句] Is he learning an instrument? 他在学习演奏乐器吗?
17. *singer /'sɪŋə(r)/ (n.) 歌手
[词汇拓展] sing (v.)唱;song(n.)歌曲
[词汇搭配] be a singer成为一名歌手;an excellent singer一名优秀的歌手
[词汇例句] My mother was a singer in a dance band.我妈妈是一个舞蹈乐队的歌手。
18. *future /'fjuːtʃə(r)/ (n.) 将来,未来;前途,前景;(adj.)未来的,将来的
[词汇搭配] *in the future 将来;未来;in the near future在不久的将来,很快;in future从今以后
[词汇例句] What will the cities of the future look like?未来的城市会是什么样子呢?
Please be more careful in future.今后请多加小心。
She has a great future ahead of her.她前程远大。
19. *term /tɜːm/ (n.)学期;期,期限;词语,术语
[词汇搭配] this term这个学期;next term下个学期;the spring term春季学期
in terms of / in ... terms就...而言;谈及;in the long/short term长期/短期
[词汇例句] What does this mean in terms of cost?这在成本上意味着什么?
It's nearly the end of term .学期快要结束了。
20. *problem /'prɒbləm/ (n.) 难题;困难;(adj.)(儿童或家庭)有严重问题的,引起严重问题的
[词汇搭配] math problems数学题;have a problem with...对...有异议;不同意;
face problems面临困难;solve/work out a problem解决难题
no problem(表示乐于相助或事情容易做)没问题;没什么,不客气,没关系
have problems doing...做某事有困难;a problem child问题儿童
[词汇例句] There's no history of heart problems in our family. 我们家族里没有心脏病史。
He is trying his best to find the answer to the problem. 他在尽全力找出问题的答案。
21. *magic /'mædʒɪk/ (n.) 魔法;魔力;魔术;(adj.) 有魔力的;有神奇力量的
[词汇拓展] magically (adv.) 神奇地;有魔力地;magician (n.) 魔术师;巫师
[词汇搭配] a magic spell 魔咒;a magic moment神奇的时刻
[词汇例句] They believe in magic. 他们相信巫术。
22. *life/laɪf/ (n.)生活;生命
[词汇拓展] (pl.) lives;live (v.)居住;生活;(以某种方式)生活,过日子
[词汇搭配] live a happy/healthy/green life过着幸福的/健康的/环保的生活
in our life在我们的生活中;everyday/daily life日常生活;
country/city life 乡村/城市生活;bring sb/sth to life使更有趣;使更生动
come to life 变得活跃
[词汇用法]
· life泛指“生活,生活经历”时,是不可数名词;表示“特定的生活”或“个人生活”等时,是可数名词。
Life won’t be boring. 生活不会枯燥的。(不可数)
He has had a good life.他一直过着优裕的生活。(可数)
· life泛指相对“非生命,死亡”而言的“生命,生存”,作不可数名词;表示“人命,性命”,一般作可数名词。
life and death 生与死
There lives were lost in the accident. 事故中有三人丧生。(可数)
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) Twelve _________ were hurt, but no _________ were lost in that accident.
A.person; life
B.people; lives
C.people; life
D.person; lives
(2) Trees are _______ important in our daily ______.
A.real, life
B.really, lives
C.really, life
D.real, lives
23. *scientist /'saɪəntɪst/ (n.) 科学家
[词汇拓展] science (n.)科学
[词汇搭配] computer scientist计算机科学家;a famous scientist一位著名科学家
[词汇例句]He is a writer first and a scientist second. 他首先是作家,然后才是科学家。
24. learn /lɜːn/ (v.)学习;得知
[词汇拓展] learner (n.)学习者;learned(adj.)有学问的,博学的;learning(n.)学习
[词汇搭配] learn different subjects学习不同的学科;learn to do学习做某事;learn from...从/向...学习
learn of/about获悉,得知;learn about... 了解,学习...;
learn from the mistakes从错误中吸取教训
[词汇例句] He's learning to dance.他在学跳舞。
I'm sure she'll learn from her mistakes.我肯定她会从错误中吸取教训。
[随学随练]
单填空。
We learned a lot ______ animals in the zoo.
A.from
B.with
C.about
D.for
25. hard /hɑːd/ (adj.)困难的;坚硬的;勤劳的,努力的;(adv.) 努力地;猛烈地
[词汇搭配] a hard question 难题;be hard on sb/sth 严厉对待;work hard努力工作;rain hard下大雨
[随学随练]
写出下列句子中hard的中文意思
(1) She's a very hard worker.
(2) He works hard.
(3) He kicked (踢) the door hard.
(4) A man lies on the hard floor.
(5) It’s hard to solve the problem.
26. difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ (adj.) 困难的; 难相处的,难取悦的
[词汇拓展] difficultly (adv.) 困难的;difficulty (n.)困难
[词汇搭配] a difficult problem难题;a difficult child难哄的孩子
[词汇例句] She finds it very difficult to get up early.她觉得很难早起。
It's difficult for them to get here much before seven.他们很难在7点以前早早地来到这里。
[随学随练]
用difficult的适当形式填空。
(1) It is for young people to find jobs around here.
(2) Liam walked to the store.
(3) When her friends have , she always tries her best to help them.
27. sure /ʃʊə(r)/(adv.)当然;一定;(adj.) 确信,有把握;一定的,无疑的;可靠的,不容置疑的
[词汇搭配] make sure 确保;查明,弄清;for sure 无疑;肯定
be sure to do sth一定要,务必(去做某事)
[词汇例句] Are you sure about that?这事你肯定吗?
Make sure (that) no one finds out about this.绝对不要让任何人发觉这件事。
28. easy/'i:zi/ (adj.) 容易的; 舒适的,安逸的
[词汇拓展] easily (adv.) 容易地;easiness(n.)容易;easy-going (adj.)随和的,平易近人的
[词汇搭配] an easy job一份容易的工作;as easy as ABC/anything十分容易
easy come, easy go 来得容易去得快;易得则易失;take it easy 放松;别急,从容点
go easy on sth. 有节制地使用;go easy on sb. 对某人温和(或宽容)些
easier said than done 说时容易做时难;谈何容易
[词汇例句] He didn't make it easy for me to leave.他并没有轻易让我离开。
She has not had an easy life.她一直没有过上过安逸的生活。
29. give /ɡɪv/(v.) 给;送给;供给
[词汇拓展] giver (n.)给予者,赠与者
[词汇搭配] give a reason 给一个理由;give another idea 再给一个主意
give sth. to sb.=give sb. sth.给某人某物;give out 分发;give away赠送;泄露
give up 放弃;give in屈服,投降;give and take互相让步;双方迁就;
give sb. back sth. / give sth. back to sb. 归还
[词汇例句] Give your mother the letter.把信给你母亲。
Could you give a glass of juice to me?你能给我一杯果汁吗?
[随学随练]
单项填空。
用give的短语完成句子。
(1) 把你的名字和地址报给我。
and address.
(2) 蒂娜想把她的书送给贫困地区的孩子们。
Tina wants to the children in poor areas(地区).
(3) 这很难,但不要放弃。
It’s difficult, but .
(4) 你们应当学会互相迁就。
You should .
(5) 把钢笔还给我好吗?
Could you ?
Could you ?
30. idea /aɪˈdɪə/ (n.) 想法,主意;(对…的)一定了解,些许的认识;看法,意见;目标,意图
[词汇搭配] a good idea一个好主意;have some idea of...对...有一些了解;have no idea 不知道
get the idea理解,明白;main idea 主旨
[词汇例句] I like the idea of living on a boat.我喜欢在船上居住的建议。
She doesn't seem to have any idea of what I'm talking about.她对我所说的似乎一点也不懂。
He has some very strange ideas about education.他对教育有些非常奇怪的看法。
31. listen /ˈlɪsn/(v.) 听;(让对方注意)听着,注意听;听信,听从
[词汇拓展] listener (n.)倾听者
[词汇搭配] *listen to 听,倾听;listen (out) for sth留心听(某种声音)
[词汇例句] He likes listening to pop music. 他喜欢听流行乐。
Can you listen out for the doorbell?你能留心听着门铃吗?
[词汇辨析]
· listen侧重听的动作。
Listen, there's something I have to tell you. 听着,我有事要告诉你。
· hear侧重听的结果,表示“听到”;也可以表示“听说”。
常用于搭配:hear of/about听说...;hear from sb. 收到某人的来信或信息。
Do you hear a strange sound ? 你有没有听到一个奇怪的声音?
I heard from my father last month. 上个月我收到了我爸爸的来信。
· sound 表示“听起来...样”,是系动词,后常接形容词作表语。sound还可以作名词,表示“声,声音”。
You ideas sounds good. 你的主意听起来不错。
[随学随练]
(1) —Can you ________ anything strange?
— It ________ a small mouse.
A.listen, sounds
B.hear, sounds like
C.hear, sounds
D.listen, sounds like
(2) The girl __________ carefully again, but __________ nothing this time.
A.listened; heard
B.heard; listened
C.listened to; heard
D.heard; heard
32. draw /drɔː/ (v.) 画; 拖(动),拉(动);吸引,引起
[词汇拓展] drawing(n.)图画;绘画; drawer (n.)抽屉
[词汇搭配] draw pictures 画画; draw on sth.凭借,利用;draw sth from sb/sth(从…中)得到,获得
draw one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
[词汇例句] You draw beautifully.你的画画得真好。
I drew my chair up closer to the fire. 我把椅子向火旁拉近了点。
33. travel/ˈtrævl/ (n.)旅行,游历;(v.) 旅行,游历;行进;传播,流传
[词汇拓展] travelling (n.) 旅行;(adj.)旅行的,巡回的;traveller (n.)旅行者;旅游者
[词汇搭配] travel around the world 周游世界;travel fast 快速传播
[词汇例句] You had better travel to Helsinki tomorrow. 你最好明天赶赴赫尔辛基。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声传播得快。
34. walk /wɔːk/ (v.)行走,步行;陪伴...走;牵着(动物)走,遛;(n.)行走,步行;散步;散步的小路
[词汇搭配] walk to school走路去上学;walk sb. 陪伴某人走;walk his dog遛他的狗;walk up to向...走去
take/have a walk散步;a ten-minute walk步行十分钟的路程
[随学随练]
用walk的短语完成句子。
(1) 我喜欢晚上散步。
I like to in the evenings.
(2) 这一带有一些有趣的小径。
There are in the area.
(3) 她没赶上公共汽车,只好步行回家。
She missed the bus and had to .
(4) 他经常陪她走回家。
He always .
(5) 格林先生每天遛他的狗。
Mr. Green every day.
35. work /wɜ:k/ (v.)工作;奏效,起作用;(n.)工作;著作,作品
[词汇拓展] worker (n.)工人;hard-working(adj.)辛勤工作的,勤奋的
[词汇搭配] work hard努力工作;*work out 计算出;解决;锻炼;成功地发展;work on/at工作,努力做
at work 起作用;out of work失业;go to work去上班;after work 下班后;nice work!干得好!
[词汇用法]
· work表示“工作”,即可以作动词,也可以作不可数名词。
· work表示“工作”时,是不可数名词;表示“著作,作品”时,是可数名词。
Work can bring you pleasure.工作能给人带来快乐。
Beethoven's piano works are popular all over the world. 贝多芬的钢琴曲举世闻名。
[词汇辨析]
· work既可指体力劳动也可指脑力劳动,是不可数名词;job 侧重指受雇用的、以谋生为目的的工作,是可数名词。
We have a lot of work to do today. 今天我们有很多工作要做。
He has a good job. 他有一份好工作。
· 表示“工作”,work可以用作动词,job只能用作名词。
Her daughter works in a bank. 她女儿在银行里工作。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) My uncle has got a new________and he begins his________at nine.
A.job; job
B.work; work
C.job; work
D.work; job
(2) Peter has lots of ________ to do, but he still enjoys reading ________ by Mark Twain.
A.work; work
B.works; works
C.work; works
D.works; work
36. feel /fi:l/ (v.)觉得,感到;摸起来,有...手感;感觉到,注意到;碰到,触摸;觉得,认为
[词汇拓展] feeling (n.)感觉
[词汇搭配] feel special感到特别;feel like magic 感觉像魔法;feel sorry for...为...感到遗憾
feel like sth/ feel like doing sth想要某物;想做某事
feel free (to do sth)(表示允许)可以随便做某事
[词汇例句] How are you feeling today?你今天觉得怎么样?
She felt it her duty to tell the police. 她认为报警是她的义务。
[词汇用法]
· feel表示“觉得,感到”和“摸起来,有...手感”时,用作系动词,其后通常接形容词作表语。
I felt tired. 我感到累了。
The shirt feels nice. 这件衬衫摸起来很不错(手感很好)。
· feel表示“感觉到,注意到”和“碰到,触摸”时,用作行为动词,后接宾语。
She could not feel her legs. 她的双腿失去了知觉。
The doctor felt his head. 医生摸了摸他的头。
37. busy /ˈbɪzi/ (adj.) 忙碌的;无暇的
[词汇拓展] busily (adv.)忙碌的
[词汇搭配] be busy with忙于...;be busy doing....忙于做某事;as busy as a bee忙得不可开交
[词汇例句] I'll be too busy to come to the meeting.我会很忙,不能到会。
Have you had a busy day ?你今天忙了一天吗?
38. study (v.&n.)学习;研究
· learn 通常指通过学习、练习或由别人教授以获得某种知识或技能,侧重学习的成果。
study 指花费时间阅读、上课等以学习学科知识,侧重学习的过程。
He is learning/studying French. 他正在学法语。
· learn 可用于初级阶段的学习,而study用于高深阶段的学习,研究,两者不可互换。
The child is learning to speak. 这个孩子正在学习说话。
She is studying Math in a university. 她正在一所大学学习数学。
· learn 可以表示“学会”,“得知”,study无此含义。
He learns that his aunt will arrive tomorrow. 他得知他姑妈明天到。
· 表示“向...学习”“从...学到”,只用learn...from,不能用study。
I learned a lot from my father. 我从父亲那里学到了许多东西。
3、 单元重点句型解析
1. 谈论喜欢的学科的相关句型
基本句型:
· —What’s your favourite subject ? 你最喜欢的学科是什么?
· —My favourite subject is history/geography/biology/IT/PE/Chinese/maths/music/... 我最喜欢的学科是历史/
地理/生物/信息技术/体育/语文/数学/音乐/...。
· —Why do you like +geography/biology/IT/PE/Chinese/maths/music/...? 你为什么喜欢历史/地理/生物/信息技术/体育/语文/数学/音乐/...。
· —Because it’s fun/important/useful/easy... . 因为它有趣/重要/有用/容易的/...。
(1) 谈论历史学科
—Why do you like history? 你为什么喜欢历史?
—Because it’s interesting to learn about the past. 因为了解过去很有趣。
(2) 谈论英语学科
My favourite subject is English. It’s useful and my English teacher is very nice. 我最喜欢的学科是英语。它有用并且我的英语老师很好。
(3) 谈论体育学科
Peter’s favourite subject is PE because it’s exciting. 彼得最喜欢的科目是体育,因为它很刺激。
(4) 谈论生物学科
We learn different plants and animals. 我们学习不同的植物和动物。
Miss Baker works hard to make the class interesting.贝克老师努力使课堂变得有趣。
Miss Baker makes everyone in the class feel special.贝克老师让班上的每个人都觉得自己很特别。
(5) 谈论音乐学科
My favourite subject is music because the class in fun and we learn a lot of new songs.我最喜欢的科目是音乐,因为这节课很有趣,我们学习了很多新歌。
My music teacher is excellent. He lets us play all kinds of interesting instruments.我的音乐老师很棒。他让我们演奏各种有趣的乐器。
(6) 谈论数学学科
I like all the subject, but my favourite is maths.Because I’m good at with numbers.我喜欢所有的学科,但最喜欢的是数学。因为我善于和数字打交道。
We learn how to work out maths problems in class. It feels like magic and is really fun.我们在课堂上学习如何解决数学问题。这感觉就像魔术,真的很有趣。
Maths is very useful in our life.数学在我们的生活中非常有用。
*说明:
谈论自己喜欢的学科的原因时,也可以从学科意义(即这门学科教会了我们什么)、学科用途(这门学科在
实际生活中的应用)、学科教师(比如老师很幽默,很有耐心,课堂很有创造力等)、课堂氛围等方面来谈
论原因。
2. 谈论不喜欢的学科的相关句型
基本句型:
· sb. don’t/doesn’t like+学科名词,because it’s... 某人不喜欢...(学科),因为...
(1) Ella doesn’t like history because it’s hard. 埃拉不喜欢历史,因为它很难。
(2) Peter doesn’t like maths because it’s boring.彼得不喜欢数学,因为它很无聊。
3. 谈论未来职业规划的句型。
基本句型:
· I want to be +a/an+职业名词+in the future. 未来,我想成为一名...
常用职业名词:singer歌手;scientist科学家;biologist 生物学家;geographer地理学家;
historian 历史学家;athlete 运动员;football/basketball player足球/篮球运动员;
coach教练;musician音乐家;artist艺术家;programmer程序员;
English teacher英语教师
(1) I want to be a singer in the future. 我将来想当歌手。
(2) I want to be scientist in the future.我将来想当科学家。
4、 单元重点语法解析
连词用法
1. 连词的含义:连词是用来连接单词与单词、短语与短语或句子与句子的一种虚词,在句子中不单独作成分,一般不重读。
2. 连词的分类:根据在句子中所起的作用不同,连词通常分为并列连词和从属连词。
(1) 并列连词用来连接并列的单词、短语或句子的连词,常见的有:and, but ,for , so, both...and, not only...but also等。
apples and pears 苹果和梨子(连接单词)
play basketball and play football 打篮球和踢足球(连接短语)
I like English, but I don’t like maths. 我喜欢英语,但我不喜欢数学。(连接句子,由并列连词连接而成的
句子称为“并列句”)
(2) 从属连词是用来引导从句的连词,常见的有:because,when, as, if, until等。
I like maths because I’m good with numbers. 我喜欢数学因为我善于和数字打交道。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go on a picnic. 如果明天不下雨,我们去野餐。
3. and的用法
(1) and的常见用法
· 表示并列关系,可译为“和,并且”,可以连接两个单词,两个短语或两个句子。
I like music and PE. 我喜欢音乐和体育。
He can play soccer and play the piano. 他会踢足球和弹钢琴。
Mum cooked lunch and Dad cleaned the room. 妈妈烧了午饭,爸爸打扫了房间。
注意:
如果and在一般短语中连接两个联系密切的人或事物,第二个单词前的限定词通常省略:a knife and
fork(一副刀叉),my father and mother(我的爸爸妈妈),而a knife and a spoon(一把刀和一把勺子);my father
and my uncle(我的爸爸和我的叔叔)则不省略。
· and还可以表示顺承关系,意为“然后,接着”,表示两个事件相继发生。
She came in and took her coat off. 她进来后脱了外衣。
Sandy took out a pen and wrote some numbers on the paper. 桑迪拿出钢笔,然后在纸上写了一些数字。
(2) 否定句中and与or的区别
· 在否定句中,逐项否定各个成分,用连词or连接,不使用and。
若表示连接起来的两个或多个部分是结合成一个整体被否定的,用and。
请比较以下句子和含义区别;
Don’t drink or drive. 不要喝酒,也不许开车。
Don’t drink and drive. 不要酒后开车。
Lily can’t sing or dance. 丽丽不会唱歌,也不会跳舞。
Lily can’t sing and dance. 丽丽不会一边唱歌,一边跳舞。
· 否定句中使用or连接。如果连接的两个部分前都有否定词,则用and连接。
He doesn’t like English or maths. 他不喜欢英语和数学。
=He doesn’t like English and doesn’t like maths.他不喜欢英语和数学。
We have no money or time. 我们没钱,也没时间。
=We have no money and no time.我们没钱,也没时间。
(3) 使用and的其他注意事项
· 当and连接两个并列成分作主语时,后面的谓语动词用复数。
Tom and Sally are my good friends. 汤姆和萨莉是我的好朋友。
Tom ,with Sally, is playing basketball. 汤姆和萨莉在打篮球。(注意如果“名词+with+名词”作主语,位于
动词则与第一个名词保持人称和单复数一致。)
若连接的结构表示一个人或物,则谓语动词用单数。
The scientist and professor is from Hangzhou. 这位科学家兼教授来自杭州。(同一个人)
The scientist and the professor are from Hangzhou.这位科学家和这位教授来自杭州。(两个人)
· 陈述句变疑问句时,如果疑问句中两个事物是表示并列关系,and指两者同时,则不需要将and变成or。
Do you like apples and bananas?你喜欢苹果和香蕉吗?
Do you like apples or bananas?你喜欢苹果还是香蕉?
注意:or的其他用法
· or还可以表示引出另一种可能性,意为“或,或者,还是”。
Is it a boy or a girl? 是个男孩还是女孩?
· or还可以表示用于警告或忠告,意为“否则,不然”。
Hurry up, or we’ll be late. 快一点,否则我们要迟到了。
4. but的用法
(1) but表示转折关系,意为“但是”。
I like maths, but I don’t like biology. 我喜欢数学,但我不喜欢生物。
I knocked but there was no one around. 我敲了门,但是没有人应门。
(2) but可用于表示歉意。
I'm sorry but I can't stay any longer.很抱歉,我不能再待下去了。
Please excuse me, but there is something I must say...不好意思,但有些话我必须说。
(3) but还可用于引出下文,表示吃惊,生气或不同意。
But that's not possible!但那是不可能的!
'I don't think I should stay in this house' 'But why?' “我觉得我不应该再呆在这所房子里。”“可是为什么?”
5. because的用法
(1) because表示因果关系,意为“因为”,后接表示原因的句子。
I like biology because I can learn a lot about animals and plants.我喜欢生物学,因为我可以学到很多关于动
物和植物的知识。
(2) 其他表示因果关系的连词:
· for,意为“因为,由于”,后接表示原因的句子。
He must be at home, for it is raining outside. 他一定在家,因为外面正下雨呢。
I must go now, for my sister is waiting for me.现在我得走了,我姐姐在等我呢
· as,意为“因为,由于”,后接表示原因的句子。
As you were out, I left a message. 你不在,所以我留了一张字条儿。
She may need some help as she's new.她是新来的,可能需要一些帮助。
· so,意为“因此”,后接表示结果的句子。
He was ill so he didn’t go to school yesterday. 他病了,所以昨天没去上学。
Our English teacher is nice and humorous, so all the students like her. 我们的英语老师很好,很幽默,所以所
有的学生都喜欢她。
(3) 用法注意
· because表示原因,后接句子;because of也可以表示原因,后接名词或短语
We didn’t go there because of the bad weather. 因为糟糕的天气,我们没有去哪里。
· 回答why问句,只用because,不用for和as等。
—Why do you like music? 你为什么喜欢音乐?
—Because I can learn some new songs. 因为我可以学一些新的歌曲。
· because和so不同时使用,用了because就不再使用so。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) The countryside is so nice ________ quiet.
A.so
B.or
C.and
D.but
(2) ________ I’m late again, ________ the teacher is very angry.
A.Because, so
B.So, /
C.Because, /
(3) Mary thinks geography is really difficult, ________ she doesn’t like it.
A.but
B.because
C.so
D.and
(4) —Does your brother like football?
—Yes. He likes to watch the football match, ________ he doesn’t play it.
A.and
B.so
C.but
D.or
(5) Tim likes to help others, ________ we all enjoy being with him.
A.because
B.but
C.or
D.so
(6) It’s easy for students to buy things ________ there are many stores near the school.
A.but
B.or
C.because
D.so
(7) —Can you sing _________ dance, Gina?
—I can sing, Miss Xu.
A.or
B.and
C.but
D.because
(8) Mike ________ Tim are in the restaurant, ________ Molly is not.
A.and; and
B.but; but
C.and; but
D.but; and
(9) —Do you watch sports every day?
—No, I don’t. ________ I play ping-pong ________ tennis every day. So I can play them well.
A.But; of
B.And; but
C.But; and
D.And; of
(10) —I think math is difficult ________ boring. I don’t like it.
—________ Jill likes it very much. She says it’s interesting.
A.but; And
B.but; But
C.and; And
D.and; But
用适当的连词填空。
(1) My aunt is a doctor, ________ she wants to be a teacher.
(2) Many cats died in the street because they didn’t have any food ________ drink.
(3) I like science, ________ it’s difficult for me.
(4) I can’t call Miss Green ________ I don’t know her telephone number.
(5) The book is too boring, ________ I don’t like it.
(6) Bob ________ Bill are in the same school, ________ they aren’t in the same class.
(7) I like English ________ Chinese. I think they’re difficult ________ interesting.
(8) I have to leave now, _______ I will be late for the meeting.
用连词翻译下列句子。
(1) 我喜欢生物,我也喜欢音乐。
(2) 露西不喜欢苹果和橙子。
(3) 我不善于和数字打交道,所以我不喜欢数学。
(4) 大卫喜欢踢足球,因为他觉得它很刺激。
(5) 我不擅长唱歌,但我喜欢音乐。
(6) 我喜欢地理,因为它对我来说太难了。
5、 单元语音学习
1. 双元音
(1) 8个双元音的发音
/eɪ/的发音
· 上下齿分开,舌尖轻抵下齿,先发/e/音嘴角向两边伸展,舌位抬高,向/ɪ/自然滑动,下颚向上合拢。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
a
cake; name; plane; plate
ay
day; play; say
ai
train; wait; mail; rain
/aɪ/的发音
· 嘴巴张大,先发/a/音,向/ɪ/滑动,口腔由全开到半合,舌尖抵下齿。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
i
hike; like; life; time
y
dry; sky; my; why
ie
die; pie; tie; lie
/ɔɪ/的发音
· 嘴巴长大,上下唇收缩发/ɔ/音,向/ɪ/滑动,由圆唇变为扁唇。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
oy
boy; toy; enjoy; joy
oi
point; soil; toilet; voice; noise
/əʊ/的发音
· 双唇扁平,先发/ə/音,然后向/ʊ/滑动,双唇向前突出,逐渐缩小收成圆形,舌位抬高。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
o
home; nose; note; stone; go
oa
road; boat; goat; soap; coat
ow
show; know; snow; slow
/aʊ/的发音
· 嘴巴长大,先发/a/音,向/ʊ/滑动,口型由大到小,收缩成原形。前面的/a/更清晰响量,且发音时间较长;后面的/ʊ/发音模糊,较短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
ow
now; how; cow; town
ou
out; house; mouth; about
/ɪə/的发音
· 舌尖轻抵下齿,嘴巴扁平发/ɪ/音,然后向/ə/滑动。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
ea/ear
idea; area; ear; hear; near; clear
ere/eer
here; beer; cheer
/eə/的发音
· 嘴巴张开,发/e/音,然后向/ə/滑动。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
ear/are
pear; bear; wear; share; care
ere
where; there
air
air; hair; chair; stair
/ʊə/的发音
· 双唇突出呈圆形,发/ʊ/音,双唇变成扁平,向/ə/滑动。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
ure
sure
oor
poor
our
tour; tourist
(2) 双元音的发音注意事项
· 双元音有两个不同的元音因素构成,发音时嘴形是动态,有变化的。
· 双元音是长音,发音要有一定的长度。双元音是一个音节。
· 双元音后接/n/、/m/时,容易漏读最后的辅音,如tone,zone,pain,down等,平时要多加练习。
2. 连读
前后相连的两个单词,前一个单词的末尾的音与后一个单词开头的音连起来读,这种现象叫做连读。连读用连读符号“ ︶ ”表示。常见的连读情况有以下几种:
(1) “辅元”连读
前一个词词尾是辅音,后一个词词首是元音,两个词可以连读。
如: get ︶ it It ︶ is ︶ a book. have ︶ a look ︶ at ︶ it Not ︶ at ︶ all.
(2) “元元”连读
当一个单词以元音音素结尾,后面的单词也以元音音素开头时,通常会在中间加一个半元音(像 /w/ 或 /j/)来帮助过渡。
· 如果前一个单词结尾的元音是/i:/,/eɪ/,/aɪ/,/ɔɪ/,连读是加上/j/音。
· 如果前一个单词结尾的元音是/u:/,/aʊ/,/əʊ/,连读时加上/w/音。
如:be on time /bi jɒn taɪm/ stay up /steɪ jʌp/ see me off /si: mi jɒf/
grow up /ɡrəʊ wʌp/ do it /du: wit/ go on /ɡəʊ wɒn/
(3) “r/re+元音”连读
如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,两个词可以连读,中间加一个/r/音。
如:for ︶ it a pair ︶ of four ︶ eggs
6、 综合练习
1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词,每空一词。
(1) I like (地理), because it is (有用的) and I love travelling(旅行).
(2) David’s favourite subject is (历史) and he thinks it is interesting. But Jill thinks it is
(乏味的).
(3) Mr. Green (善于应付) children. He tells many funny stories to them.
(4) What’s your telephone (数字)?
(5) My grandpa (听)the radio every morning.
(6) His sister (擅长画画).
(7) In fact, there are a lot of (原因) to play sports.
(8) (记得) not to put too much salt(盐) into the soup.
(9) Song Yingxing was (一位优秀的科学家) during the late Ming dynasty.
(10) Ruanxian(阮咸) is a traditional Chinese (乐器).
(11) Sarah wants to be a teacher (将来).
(12) The maths (难题) is so (难的) that few(几乎没有) students can
(计算出它).
(13) Mrs Pepperpot has an (安逸且神奇的生活).
(14) We can’t eat (课堂上).
(15) He is kind and always (帮助我学习) French.
(16) We must (努力工作) to achieve(实现)our dreams.
(17) Sue doesn’t (感觉身体舒服的) today.
(18) Fred (忙于...) his report(报告).
2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的连词、介词等。
(1) Paragliding(滑翔伞) is an interesting and (excite) sport and I never get (bore)with it.
(2) He will give the books his sister.
(3) Some (study) show that walking is good our health.
(4) Now let me tell you how (learn) Chinese.
(5) The man with black pants is a famous (sing).
(6) We should learn Lei Feng. He is a great man.
(7) —Why do you like Jim to be your friend?
—Because he is good sports but I am not.
(8) The dictionary is very (use) to me.
(9) John sometimes helps me maths.
(10) Let’s (walk) to the park.
(11) It’s fun (watch) the football match.
(12) Is the meeting on Sunday next Monday?
(13) Sally is in No.10 Middle School, her brother isn’t.
(14) Mr. Brown is funny. He always makes us (laugh).
(15) Daisy starts learning (play) the piano at the age of twelve.
3. 单项填空。
(1) The football match will start soon. They want ________ it.
A.not watch
B.watch
C.to watch
D.watches
(2) —Why do you like maths, John?
—Because I ________ numbers.
A.am good to
B.am good with
C.am good for
D.am bad for
(3) This is ________ exciting story. ________ story is loved (被喜爱) by children.
A.an; The
B.a; An
C.a; The
D.an; A
(4) I have a bad cold (重感冒). I don’t feel like ________ anything.
A.to eat
B.eating
C.eat
D.eats
(5) —The art festival is coming. It’s a good chance(机会) to show ourselves.
—You are very good at ________. And you will be popular(受欢迎的).
A.singing
B.sing
C.to sing
D.sang
(6) —Can you help me ________ housework, Jerry?
—Sure, I’d like to help ________ some housework.
A.do; with
B.do; at
C.to do; as
D.to do; on
(7) —________ do you like playing basketball?
—Because it is relaxing.
A.When
B.Where
C.Why
D.What
(8) I felt very ________ after watching the ________ match.
A.excited; exciting
B.exciting; exciting
C.excited; excited
D.exciting; excited
(9) Linda has a volleyball ________ her sister doesn’t.
A.so
B.and
C.but
D.because
(10) —How about the film you saw last night?
—Some people think it’s boring, ________ people think it’s exciting.
A.another
B.other
C.the other
D.others
(11) We can learn a lot________ Chinese history from this book.
A.about
B.for
C.of
D.from
(12) The Chinese story book is interesting, ________ Linda likes it very much.
A.because
B.or
C.but
D.and
4. 根据情境写句子或翻译句子。
(1) 你想知道David最喜欢的学科是什么,你可以这样问:
(2) 你觉得数学日常生活中非常有用,你可以这样说:
(3) 描述你最喜欢的学科“生物”,并简要阐述你喜欢生物的理由。
(4) 介绍一门你不喜欢的学科(math),并简述原因。
(5) 请谈一谈你未来的规划(想要成为一名科学家)。
(6) 音乐总是让我开心。(翻译句子)
(7) 记住所有的信息对我来说很困难。(翻译句子)
(8) 他的哥哥擅长打篮球。(翻译句子)
第 1 页 共 7 页
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Unit 4 My Favourite Subject 单元核心知识点精讲精练
【主要内容】
· 本资料包含单元重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、语音知识、重要句型和语法讲解,以及其他单元重要知识点。
· 本资料含随学随练和综合练习题,并附带答案与解析。
· 本单元内容思维导图:
1、 单元重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语)
1. favourite subject
最喜欢的学科
2. next class
下节课
3. learn about
学习,了解
4. how about...?
...怎么样?
5. all the subjects
所有的学科
6. *be good with
灵巧的,善于应付...的
7. *help sb. with...
在...方面帮助某人
8. look at
看
9. be boring to sb.
对某人来说枯燥
10. *listen to music
听音乐
11. a lot
很,非常
12. *be good at
擅长
13. draw pictures
画画
14. walk to school
走路去学校
15. be fun to do...
做某事很有趣
16. learn to do
学习做某事
17. use computers
使用电脑
18. work hard
努力工作
19. make the class interesting
使课堂有趣(make +n.+adj. 使某物...样的)
20. make everyone feel special
使每个人感到特别(make sb.+do 使某人做某事)
21. the same...as
和...一样的...
22. learn from
从/向...学习
23. message board
留言板
24. have gym
上体育课
25. a lot of new songs
很多的新歌
26. all kinds of
各种各样的
27. want to be a singer
想要成为一名歌手
28. *in the future
近来,未来
29. *work out
解决,计算出
30. math problems
数学题
31. *in class
在课堂上
32. feel like
感觉像
33. in our life
在我们的生活中
34. a weekly class timetable
每周课程表
2、 单元重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇)
1. *biology /baɪ'ɒlədʒi/ (n.) 生物学;生理
[词汇拓展] biological (adj.)生物的;生物学的;biologist (n.)生物学家
[词汇例句] Biology is my favourite subject. 生物是我最喜欢的学科。
2. *geography /dʒi'ɒɡrəfi/ (n.) 地理(学);地形,地势
[词汇拓展] geographical (adj.)地理的;geographer (n.)地理学家
[词汇例句] We have three geography classes every week. 每周我们有三节地理课。
3. *history /'hɪstri/ (n.) 历史;历史课;(某人的)履历,经历
[词汇拓展] geographic (adj.) 有关历史的;historic (adj.) 有重大历史意义的;historian (n.) 历史学家
[词汇搭配] in history在历史上;a history teacher 历史老师
[词汇例句] He couldn't get a new job because of his medical history. 由于他的病史,他无法找到新的工作。
4. 学科(subject)名词
(1) *biology baɪˈɒlədʒi/ 生物;*IT (=information technology) 信息技术;*geography/dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/地理;
*history/ ˈhɪstəri/(n.)历史;maths数学;PE(= physical education)体育;art美术;music音乐;
Chinese语文;English英语
(2) 其他学科名词:physics/ ˈfɪzɪks/物理;chemistry / ˈkeməstri/化学;moral education and law道德与法治
5. *boring /'bɔːrɪŋ/ (adj.) 乏味的;令人生厌的
[词汇拓展] bore (v.) 使厌烦;bored (adj.) 厌倦的;烦闷的
[词汇搭配] a boring man 惹人烦的人;a boring book无聊的书
[词汇用法]
· boring指“令人感到厌烦的”;bored通常指人“感到厌烦”。
She found her job very boring. 她觉得自己的工作很无聊。
She had nothing to do and felt bored. 她无事可做,感到无聊。
· 类似用法的词:interesting有趣的;interested感兴趣的;exciting令人兴奋的;excited感到兴奋的
The book is so interesting that many kids are interested in it. 这本书很有趣,很多孩子都对它感兴趣。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) —How was your weekend?
—It was ________. Too much homework made me ________.
A.boring, boring
B.bored, bored
C.boring, bored
D.bored, boring
【答案】C
【详解】句意:--你周末过得怎么样?--很无聊。过多的作业让我感到厌烦。考查形容词辨析。boring无聊的,修饰物;bored感到厌烦的,修饰人。根据“1was”可知,空一处主语指代上文的weekend,形容物,用boring作表语;根据“made me”可知,空二处修饰人,用bored作宾语补足语。故选C。
(2) We were all ________ with the ________ film.
A.bored; bored
B.boring; boring
C.bored; boring
D.boring; bored
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们都对这部无聊的电影感到厌烦。
考查形容词辨析。bored形容人,表示某人感到无聊:boring形容物,表示某物令人无聊。第一个空主语是"we”,指人,因此用bored修饰;第二个空修饰“film”,指物,因此用boring修饰。故选C。
6. use /ju:z/ (v.) 使用;利用;/ju:s/ (n.)使用;用途
[词汇搭配] use sth. for (doing) sth. 把某物用于(做)某事;use sth. to do...用某物做...;use up用完
be of (much/great)use (非常)有用;be no use无用;It’s no use doing...做某事没有用处
make(good/full) use of (好好/充分)利用;put sth. to good use 有效利用
[词汇例句] Can I use your phone?我可以用一下你的电话吗?
I'm sure you'll think of a use for it.我相信你会给这东西找到用途的。
[随学随练]
用use短语补充完整句子。
(1) 那些东西你可以扔了——它们对谁都没用。
You can throw those away─they are no use to anyone.
(2) 这本词典对我们非常有用。
This dictionary is of great use to us.
(3) 跟他谈论是没用的。他从不改变主意。
It’s no use talking with him. He never changes his mind.
(4) 我们要好好利用我们的空闲时间。
We should make good use of our free time.
We should put our free time to good use.
7. *useful /'juːsfl/ (adj.)有用的;有益的
[词汇拓展] use (v.)使用;(n.)用途;usefully (adv.)有用地;有意地;useless (adj.)无用的;无益的
[词汇搭配] a useful book 一本有用的书;It’s useful to do...做某事是有用的
be useful to sb.对某人是有用的
[词汇例句] It can be useful to learn geography well. 把地理学好可能会有用。
[随学随练]
用use的适当形式填空。
(1) ChatGPT is very useful. We can get a lot of information from it.
(2) Claire is teaching her 80-year-old grandma to use WeChat these days.
(3) It’s useless to talk with him about his mistakes. He won’t listen to you.
(4) This device (设备)has many uses.
8. *exciting /ɪk'saɪtɪŋ/ (adj.) 令人激动的;使人兴奋的
[词汇拓展] excite (v.)使兴奋;excited(adj.)兴奋的;excitement (n.)兴奋
[词汇搭配] an exciting story激动人心的故事;something exciting 一些激动人心的事
[词汇用法]
· excited 表示“感到兴奋的”;exciting表示“令人感到兴奋的”。
They waited and waited for something exciting to happen.他们等啊等啊,等待着激动人心的事情发生。
The children were excited about opening their presents.孩子们对打开礼物感到兴奋不已。
· excited描述的对象常常是人,但也可以描述和人有关的事物,如look(表情),talk(谈话)等。
The excited look on his face shows that the news is good. 他脸上兴奋的表情表明是个好消息。
此处,excited look表示“感到兴奋的”,而不是“令人兴奋的”。所以,一概而论“excited修饰人,exciting修饰物”是不正确的表述。
· 类似用法的词:interesting有趣的;interested感兴趣的;boring令人生厌的;bored感到厌烦的。
[随学随练]
用excite的适当形式填空。
(1) I think this game show is really exciting.
(2) we felt so excited that we couldn’t help jumping up happily.
(3) The girls jumped up and down in excitement.
(4) The book excites the boys. They all enjoy reading it.
9. *past /pɑːst/ (n.) 过去;过去的事情;(adj.)过去的;(prep.) 在…之后;多于,超过
[词汇搭配] in the past在过去;in past years在过去的岁月;the past month上个月;half past two两点半
[词汇例句] We don't know anything about his past.我们对他的过去一无所知。
In the past , there is only a small school in the town.在过去,镇子上只有一所小的学校。
10. *good with 灵巧的;善于应付……的
*good at 擅长
[词汇拓展] good to对...好心的;good for 对...有好处;no good doing...做某事没有用处
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) Mr. Clark is good _______ music, and he is good _______ children in the music club(社团).
A.at; with
B.for; at
C.with; at
D.at; for
【答案】A
【详解】句意:克拉克先生擅长音乐,他和音乐社团的孩子们相处得很好。
考查形容词短语。be good at擅长;be good for对…有好处;be good with善于和…相处。根据“is good..music”可知是擅长音乐,用be good at;根据“is good..kids”可知是善于和孩子相处,用be good with。故选A。
(2) Running in the morning is ________ your health.
A.good at
B.good to
C.good with
D.good for
【答案】D
【详解】句意:在早上跑步对你的健康有好处。
考查形容词短语。be good at擅长;be good to对.….友好;be good with善于和某人相处;be good for对…有好处。根据“Running in the morning is...your health"可知,跑步对健康有好处。故选D。
11. *number /'nʌmbə(r)/ (n.) 数字;号码;(v.) 标号,给…编号; 总计,共计
[词汇搭配] a number of 大量的;the number of ...的数量
[词汇例句] My phone number is 266998.我的电话号码是266998。
We numbered 20.我们总共20人。
[词汇用法]
· a number of表示“大量的”,后接可数名词复数形式,number前可以有large,small等词修饰。当它们做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
A number of people are in the hall. 大厅里有很多人。
· the number of 指“...的数量”,当它做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
The number of the students in our school is past 500. 我们学校的学生人数超过500人。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) ________ the students in the class ________ 35.
A.The number of, is
B.A number of, is
C.The number of, are
D.A number of, am
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这个班级学生的数量是35.
考查短语以及主谓一致。the number of.…的数量;a number of许多。根据“35"可知,表达的是学生的数量,排除B和D选项。the number of修饰主语时,be动词用is,故选A。
(2) _________ the students in my class is fifty, and _________ them go to school by bus.
A.The number of; a number of
B.The number of; the number of
C.A number of; the number of
D.A number of; a number of
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们班的学生的数量是50人,他们中的许多人都是乘公交车上学。
考查短语辨析题。the number of...的数目; a number of一些,许多的,相当于形容词,后接复数名词。前一句系词是is,可排除后两项;根据句意结构,可知选A。
12. *reason /'riːzn/ (n.) 原因;理由;(v.) 推理;推论
[词汇拓展] reasonable (adj.)合理的;有理由的;reasoning(n.)推想,推理,论证
[词汇搭配] reason for (doing) sth. (做)某事的理由;give no reason for没有作任何解释
have reason to do...有理由做某事
[词汇例句] Give me one good reason why I should help you.我为什么要帮你?给我一个充分的理由。
They have reason to believe that he is lying.他们有理由认为他是在撒谎。
She reasoned that she must have left her bag on the train.她断定准是把包落在火车上了。
13. *remember /rɪˈmembə(r)/(v.)记住,记得
[词汇拓展] forget (v.) 忘记
[词汇搭配] remember to do 记得去做某事(事情未做);remember doing 记得做过某事(事情已做)
forget to do忘记去做某事(事情未做);forget doing忘记做过某事(事情已做)
[词汇例句] This is Carla. Do you remember her?这位是卡拉。你记得她吗?
Remember to call me when you arrive!你到了之后别忘了给我打电话!
[随学随练]
用所给词的适当形式填空。
(1) When you go out, please remember to close (close )the door and the windows.
(2) —Do you still remember seeing (see) me somewhere in Shanghai?
—Yes, of course. Two years ago.
(3) —Did you forget to turn (turn) off the light last night?
—No, I remember turning (turn) it off when I left school.
(4) Remember to help (help) your grandpa more when I am away from home.
14. *as /əz/ (prep.) 如同;作为;(conj.) 当…时;由于;正如,就像;(adv.) (比较时用)像...一样,如同
[词汇搭配] the same...as... 和...一样的...;as for 至于,关于;as though / if似乎;好像
[随学随练]
写出下列句子中as的中文意思
(1) You can use that glass as a vase.(花瓶). (prep.) 作为,当做
(2) You're as tall as your father. (adv.) as...as 像...一样,如同
(3) He sat watching her as she got ready. (conj.) 当…时;随着
(4) She may need some help as she's new. (conj.) 由于,因为
(5) As you know, Julia is leaving soon. (conj.) 正如,就像
(6) As for the food, we can prepare (准备) some cupcakes, biscuits and bread. as for 至于,关于
(7) It sounds as though you had a good time. as though / if似乎;好像
15. *excellent /'eksələnt/ (adj.) 优秀的;极好的
[词汇拓展] excellently (adv.)优秀地;excellence (n.)优秀
[词汇搭配] an excellent teacher一名优秀的教师
[词汇例句] She speaks excellent French. 她法语说得好极了。
16. *instrument /'ɪnstrəmənt/ (n.) 器械,工具;乐器;仪器,仪表
[词汇搭配] all kinds of interesting instruments 各种各样的乐器;musical instruments乐器
[词汇例句] Is he learning an instrument? 他在学习演奏乐器吗?
17. *singer /'sɪŋə(r)/ (n.) 歌手
[词汇拓展] sing (v.)唱;song(n.)歌曲
[词汇搭配] be a singer成为一名歌手;an excellent singer一名优秀的歌手
[词汇例句] My mother was a singer in a dance band.我妈妈是一个舞蹈乐队的歌手。
18. *future /'fjuːtʃə(r)/ (n.) 将来,未来;前途,前景;(adj.)未来的,将来的
[词汇搭配] *in the future 将来;未来;in the near future在不久的将来,很快;in future从今以后
[词汇例句] What will the cities of the future look like?未来的城市会是什么样子呢?
Please be more careful in future.今后请多加小心。
She has a great future ahead of her.她前程远大。
19. *term /tɜːm/ (n.)学期;期,期限;词语,术语
[词汇搭配] this term这个学期;next term下个学期;the spring term春季学期
in terms of / in ... terms就...而言;谈及;in the long/short term长期/短期
[词汇例句] What does this mean in terms of cost?这在成本上意味着什么?
It's nearly the end of term .学期快要结束了。
20. *problem /'prɒbləm/ (n.) 难题;困难;(adj.)(儿童或家庭)有严重问题的,引起严重问题的
[词汇搭配] math problems数学题;have a problem with...对...有异议;不同意;
face problems面临困难;solve/work out a problem解决难题
no problem(表示乐于相助或事情容易做)没问题;没什么,不客气,没关系
have problems doing...做某事有困难;a problem child问题儿童
[词汇例句] There's no history of heart problems in our family. 我们家族里没有心脏病史。
He is trying his best to find the answer to the problem. 他在尽全力找出问题的答案。
21. *magic /'mædʒɪk/ (n.) 魔法;魔力;魔术;(adj.) 有魔力的;有神奇力量的
[词汇拓展] magically (adv.) 神奇地;有魔力地;magician (n.) 魔术师;巫师
[词汇搭配] a magic spell 魔咒;a magic moment神奇的时刻
[词汇例句] They believe in magic. 他们相信巫术。
22. *life/laɪf/ (n.)生活;生命
[词汇拓展] (pl.) lives;live (v.)居住;生活;(以某种方式)生活,过日子
[词汇搭配] live a happy/healthy/green life过着幸福的/健康的/环保的生活
in our life在我们的生活中;everyday/daily life日常生活;
country/city life 乡村/城市生活;bring sb/sth to life使更有趣;使更生动
come to life 变得活跃
[词汇用法]
· life泛指“生活,生活经历”时,是不可数名词;表示“特定的生活”或“个人生活”等时,是可数名词。
Life won’t be boring. 生活不会枯燥的。(不可数)
He has had a good life.他一直过着优裕的生活。(可数)
· life泛指相对“非生命,死亡”而言的“生命,生存”,作不可数名词;表示“人命,性命”,一般作可数名词。
life and death 生与死
There lives were lost in the accident. 事故中有三人丧生。(可数)
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) Twelve _________ were hurt, but no _________ were lost in that accident.
A.person; life
B.people; lives
C.people; life
D.person; lives
【答案】B
【详解】句意:12人受伤,但没有人在那次事故中丧生。
考查名词复数的用法。people人;person人;life生命。第一空twelve后加可数名词复数persons或者people,排除AD。第二空根据“were"可知句子主语用名词复数。故选B。
(2) Trees are _______ important in our daily ______.
A.real, life
B.really, lives
C.really, life
D.real, lives
【答案】C
【详解】句意:树木在我们的日常生活中非常重要。
考查副词和名词。real“真正的”,形容词;really“非常”副词;Iic“生活”,单数名词;lives“生活”,life的复数名词。important为形容词,用副词really修饰;短语daily life表示“日常生活”,life用单数形式。故选C。
23. *scientist /'saɪəntɪst/ (n.) 科学家
[词汇拓展] science (n.)科学
[词汇搭配] computer scientist计算机科学家;a famous scientist一位著名科学家
[词汇例句]He is a writer first and a scientist second. 他首先是作家,然后才是科学家。
24. learn /lɜːn/ (v.)学习;得知
[词汇拓展] learner (n.)学习者;learned(adj.)有学问的,博学的;learning(n.)学习
[词汇搭配] learn different subjects学习不同的学科;learn to do学习做某事;learn from...从/向...学习
learn of/about获悉,得知;learn about... 了解,学习...;
learn from the mistakes从错误中吸取教训
[词汇例句] He's learning to dance.他在学跳舞。
I'm sure she'll learn from her mistakes.我肯定她会从错误中吸取教训。
[随学随练]
单填空。
We learned a lot ______ animals in the zoo.
A.from
B.with
C.about
D.for
【答案】C
【详解】试题分析:句意:在动物园里面,我们了解了许多关于动物的事情。
考查介词。A.from从...;B.with带有;C.about关于;D.for为了。根据题意,故选C。
25. hard /hɑːd/ (adj.)困难的;坚硬的;勤劳的,努力的;(adv.) 努力地;猛烈地
[词汇搭配] a hard question 难题;be hard on sb/sth 严厉对待;work hard努力工作;rain hard下大雨
[随学随练]
写出下列句子中hard的中文意思
(1) She's a very hard worker. (adj.) 勤劳的,努力的
(2) He works hard. (adv.)努力地
(3) He kicked (踢) the door hard. (adv.)猛烈地
(4) A man lies on the hard floor. (adj.)坚硬的
(5) It’s hard to solve the problem. (adj.)困难的
26. difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ (adj.) 困难的; 难相处的,难取悦的
[词汇拓展] difficultly (adv.) 困难的;difficulty (n.)困难
[词汇搭配] a difficult problem难题;a difficult child难哄的孩子
[词汇例句] She finds it very difficult to get up early.她觉得很难早起。
It's difficult for them to get here much before seven.他们很难在7点以前早早地来到这里。
[随学随练]
用difficult的适当形式填空。
(1) It is difficult for young people to find jobs around here.
(2) Liam walked difficultly to the store.
(3) When her friends have difficulties, she always tries her best to help them.
27. sure /ʃʊə(r)/(adv.)当然;一定;(adj.) 确信,有把握;一定的,无疑的;可靠的,不容置疑的
[词汇搭配] make sure 确保;查明,弄清;for sure 无疑;肯定
be sure to do sth一定要,务必(去做某事)
[词汇例句] Are you sure about that?这事你肯定吗?
Make sure (that) no one finds out about this.绝对不要让任何人发觉这件事。
28. easy/'i:zi/ (adj.) 容易的; 舒适的,安逸的
[词汇拓展] easily (adv.) 容易地;easiness(n.)容易;easy-going (adj.)随和的,平易近人的
[词汇搭配] an easy job一份容易的工作;as easy as ABC/anything十分容易
easy come, easy go 来得容易去得快;易得则易失;take it easy 放松;别急,从容点
go easy on sth. 有节制地使用;go easy on sb. 对某人温和(或宽容)些
easier said than done 说时容易做时难;谈何容易
[词汇例句] He didn't make it easy for me to leave.他并没有轻易让我离开。
She has not had an easy life.她一直没有过上过安逸的生活。
29. give /ɡɪv/(v.) 给;送给;供给
[词汇拓展] giver (n.)给予者,赠与者
[词汇搭配] give a reason 给一个理由;give another idea 再给一个主意
give sth. to sb.=give sb. sth.给某人某物;give out 分发;give away赠送;泄露
give up 放弃;give in屈服,投降;give and take互相让步;双方迁就;
give sb. back sth. / give sth. back to sb. 归还
[词汇例句] Give your mother the letter.把信给你母亲。
Could you give a glass of juice to me?你能给我一杯果汁吗?
[随学随练]
单项填空。
用give的短语完成句子。
(1) 把你的名字和地址报给我。
Give me your name and address.
(2) 蒂娜想把她的书送给贫困地区的孩子们。
Tina wants to give away her books to the children in poor areas(地区).
(3) 这很难,但不要放弃。
It’s difficult, but don’t give up.
(4) 你们应当学会互相迁就。
You should learn to give and take.
(5) 把钢笔还给我好吗?
Could you give me back my pen?
Could you give my pen back to me?
30. idea /aɪˈdɪə/ (n.) 想法,主意;(对…的)一定了解,些许的认识;看法,意见;目标,意图
[词汇搭配] a good idea一个好主意;have some idea of...对...有一些了解;have no idea 不知道
get the idea理解,明白;main idea 主旨
[词汇例句] I like the idea of living on a boat.我喜欢在船上居住的建议。
She doesn't seem to have any idea of what I'm talking about.她对我所说的似乎一点也不懂。
He has some very strange ideas about education.他对教育有些非常奇怪的看法。
31. listen /ˈlɪsn/(v.) 听;(让对方注意)听着,注意听;听信,听从
[词汇拓展] listener (n.)倾听者
[词汇搭配] *listen to 听,倾听;listen (out) for sth留心听(某种声音)
[词汇例句] He likes listening to pop music. 他喜欢听流行乐。
Can you listen out for the doorbell?你能留心听着门铃吗?
[词汇辨析]
· listen侧重听的动作。
Listen, there's something I have to tell you. 听着,我有事要告诉你。
· hear侧重听的结果,表示“听到”;也可以表示“听说”。
常用于搭配:hear of/about听说...;hear from sb. 收到某人的来信或信息。
Do you hear a strange sound ? 你有没有听到一个奇怪的声音?
I heard from my father last month. 上个月我收到了我爸爸的来信。
· sound 表示“听起来...样”,是系动词,后常接形容词作表语。sound还可以作名词,表示“声,声音”。
You ideas sounds good. 你的主意听起来不错。
[随学随练]
(1) —Can you ________ anything strange?
— It ________ a small mouse.
A.listen, sounds
B.hear, sounds like
C.hear, sounds
D.listen, sounds like
【答案】B
【详解】句意:--你能听到什么奇怪的声音吗?--听起来像一只小老鼠。考查词义辨析。listen听,不及物动词,后不直接加宾语;hear听,及物动词,强调听的结果;sound听起来,常接形容词作表语;sound like听起来像。第一空指听见一些声音,应用hear。第二空指听起来像老鼠,应用sounds like。故选B。
(2) The girl __________ carefully again, but __________ nothing this time.
A.listened; heard
B.heard; listened
C.listened to; heard
D.heard; heard
【答案】A
【详解】句意:女孩又仔细听了一遍,但这次什么也没听到。
考查动词辨析。listen听,强调动作;listen to听,后可接名词;hear听到,强调结果。根据"carefully again"可知,认真倾听,且空后没有宾语,第一空listened符合句意;第二空“nothing this time”可知,什么也没有听到,heard符合句意,故选A。
32. draw /drɔː/ (v.) 画; 拖(动),拉(动);吸引,引起
[词汇拓展] drawing(n.)图画;绘画; drawer (n.)抽屉
[词汇搭配] draw pictures 画画; draw on sth.凭借,利用;draw sth from sb/sth(从…中)得到,获得
draw one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
[词汇例句] You draw beautifully.你的画画得真好。
I drew my chair up closer to the fire. 我把椅子向火旁拉近了点。
33. travel/ˈtrævl/ (n.)旅行,游历;(v.) 旅行,游历;行进;传播,流传
[词汇拓展] travelling (n.) 旅行;(adj.)旅行的,巡回的;traveller (n.)旅行者;旅游者
[词汇搭配] travel around the world 周游世界;travel fast 快速传播
[词汇例句] You had better travel to Helsinki tomorrow. 你最好明天赶赴赫尔辛基。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声传播得快。
34. walk /wɔːk/ (v.)行走,步行;陪伴...走;牵着(动物)走,遛;(n.)行走,步行;散步;散步的小路
[词汇搭配] walk to school走路去上学;walk sb. 陪伴某人走;walk his dog遛他的狗;walk up to向...走去
take/have a walk散步;a ten-minute walk步行十分钟的路程
[随学随练]
用walk的短语完成句子。
(1) 我喜欢晚上散步。
I like to have a walk in the evenings.
(2) 这一带有一些有趣的小径。
There are some interesting walks in the area.
(3) 她没赶上公共汽车,只好步行回家。
She missed the bus and had to walk home.
(4) 他经常陪她走回家。
He always walked her home.
(5) 格林先生每天遛他的狗。
Mr. Green walks his dog every day.
35. work /wɜ:k/ (v.)工作;奏效,起作用;(n.)工作;著作,作品
[词汇拓展] worker (n.)工人;hard-working(adj.)辛勤工作的,勤奋的
[词汇搭配] work hard努力工作;*work out 计算出;解决;锻炼;成功地发展;work on/at工作,努力做
at work 起作用;out of work失业;go to work去上班;after work 下班后;nice work!干得好!
[词汇用法]
· work表示“工作”,即可以作动词,也可以作不可数名词。
· work表示“工作”时,是不可数名词;表示“著作,作品”时,是可数名词。
Work can bring you pleasure.工作能给人带来快乐。
Beethoven's piano works are popular all over the world. 贝多芬的钢琴曲举世闻名。
[词汇辨析]
· work既可指体力劳动也可指脑力劳动,是不可数名词;job 侧重指受雇用的、以谋生为目的的工作,是可数名词。
We have a lot of work to do today. 今天我们有很多工作要做。
He has a good job. 他有一份好工作。
· 表示“工作”,work可以用作动词,job只能用作名词。
Her daughter works in a bank. 她女儿在银行里工作。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) My uncle has got a new________and he begins his________at nine.
A.job; job
B.work; work
C.job; work
D.work; job
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我叔叔找到了一份新工作,他九点开始工作。
考查名词辨析。job与work都是指工作,但job是可数名词,work是不可数名词。一般作为名词job更侧重种类,而work侧重于量。第一空前面有不定冠词a,用job;第二空意思为“开始他的工作”,指的是劳动,用work。故选C。
(2) Peter has lots of ________ to do, but he still enjoys reading ________ by Mark Twain.
A.work; work
B.works; works
C.work; works
D.works; work
【答案】C
【详解】句意:彼得有许多工作要做,但他仍然喜欢阅读马克吐温的作品。
考查名词的用法。根据“has lots o...0 do"可知是有很多工作要做,work“工作”是不可数名词,排除BD;根据“reading..by Mark Twain”可知是读马克吐温的作品,此处work“作品”是可数名词,用名词复数表示泛指。故选C。
36. feel /fi:l/ (v.)觉得,感到;摸起来,有...手感;感觉到,注意到;碰到,触摸;觉得,认为
[词汇拓展] feeling (n.)感觉
[词汇搭配] feel special感到特别;feel like magic 感觉像魔法;feel sorry for...为...感到遗憾
feel like sth/ feel like doing sth想要某物;想做某事
feel free (to do sth)(表示允许)可以随便做某事
[词汇例句] How are you feeling today?你今天觉得怎么样?
She felt it her duty to tell the police. 她认为报警是她的义务。
[词汇用法]
· feel表示“觉得,感到”和“摸起来,有...手感”时,用作系动词,其后通常接形容词作表语。
I felt tired. 我感到累了。
The shirt feels nice. 这件衬衫摸起来很不错(手感很好)。
· feel表示“感觉到,注意到”和“碰到,触摸”时,用作行为动词,后接宾语。
She could not feel her legs. 她的双腿失去了知觉。
The doctor felt his head. 医生摸了摸他的头。
37. busy /ˈbɪzi/ (adj.) 忙碌的;无暇的
[词汇拓展] busily (adv.)忙碌的
[词汇搭配] be busy with忙于...;be busy doing....忙于做某事;as busy as a bee忙得不可开交
[词汇例句] I'll be too busy to come to the meeting.我会很忙,不能到会。
Have you had a busy day ?你今天忙了一天吗?
38. study (v.&n.)学习;研究
· learn 通常指通过学习、练习或由别人教授以获得某种知识或技能,侧重学习的成果。
study 指花费时间阅读、上课等以学习学科知识,侧重学习的过程。
He is learning/studying French. 他正在学法语。
· learn 可用于初级阶段的学习,而study用于高深阶段的学习,研究,两者不可互换。
The child is learning to speak. 这个孩子正在学习说话。
She is studying Math in a university. 她正在一所大学学习数学。
· learn 可以表示“学会”,“得知”,study无此含义。
He learns that his aunt will arrive tomorrow. 他得知他姑妈明天到。
· 表示“向...学习”“从...学到”,只用learn...from,不能用study。
I learned a lot from my father. 我从父亲那里学到了许多东西。
3、 单元重点句型解析
1. 谈论喜欢的学科的相关句型
基本句型:
· —What’s your favourite subject ? 你最喜欢的学科是什么?
· —My favourite subject is history/geography/biology/IT/PE/Chinese/maths/music/... 我最喜欢的学科是历史/
地理/生物/信息技术/体育/语文/数学/音乐/...。
· —Why do you like +geography/biology/IT/PE/Chinese/maths/music/...? 你为什么喜欢历史/地理/生物/信息技术/体育/语文/数学/音乐/...。
· —Because it’s fun/important/useful/easy... . 因为它有趣/重要/有用/容易的/...。
(1) 谈论历史学科
—Why do you like history? 你为什么喜欢历史?
—Because it’s interesting to learn about the past. 因为了解过去很有趣。
(2) 谈论英语学科
My favourite subject is English. It’s useful and my English teacher is very nice. 我最喜欢的学科是英语。它有用并且我的英语老师很好。
(3) 谈论体育学科
Peter’s favourite subject is PE because it’s exciting. 彼得最喜欢的科目是体育,因为它很刺激。
(4) 谈论生物学科
We learn different plants and animals. 我们学习不同的植物和动物。
Miss Baker works hard to make the class interesting.贝克老师努力使课堂变得有趣。
Miss Baker makes everyone in the class feel special.贝克老师让班上的每个人都觉得自己很特别。
(5) 谈论音乐学科
My favourite subject is music because the class in fun and we learn a lot of new songs.我最喜欢的科目是音乐,因为这节课很有趣,我们学习了很多新歌。
My music teacher is excellent. He lets us play all kinds of interesting instruments.我的音乐老师很棒。他让我们演奏各种有趣的乐器。
(6) 谈论数学学科
I like all the subject, but my favourite is maths.Because I’m good at with numbers.我喜欢所有的学科,但最喜欢的是数学。因为我善于和数字打交道。
We learn how to work out maths problems in class. It feels like magic and is really fun.我们在课堂上学习如何解决数学问题。这感觉就像魔术,真的很有趣。
Maths is very useful in our life.数学在我们的生活中非常有用。
*说明:
谈论自己喜欢的学科的原因时,也可以从学科意义(即这门学科教会了我们什么)、学科用途(这门学科在
实际生活中的应用)、学科教师(比如老师很幽默,很有耐心,课堂很有创造力等)、课堂氛围等方面来谈
论原因。
2. 谈论不喜欢的学科的相关句型
基本句型:
· sb. don’t/doesn’t like+学科名词,because it’s... 某人不喜欢...(学科),因为...
(1) Ella doesn’t like history because it’s hard. 埃拉不喜欢历史,因为它很难。
(2) Peter doesn’t like maths because it’s boring.彼得不喜欢数学,因为它很无聊。
3. 谈论未来职业规划的句型。
基本句型:
· I want to be +a/an+职业名词+in the future. 未来,我想成为一名...
常用职业名词:singer歌手;scientist科学家;biologist 生物学家;geographer地理学家;
historian 历史学家;athlete 运动员;football/basketball player足球/篮球运动员;
coach教练;musician音乐家;artist艺术家;programmer程序员;
English teacher英语教师
(1) I want to be a singer in the future. 我将来想当歌手。
(2) I want to be scientist in the future.我将来想当科学家。
4、 单元重点语法解析
连词用法
1. 连词的含义:连词是用来连接单词与单词、短语与短语或句子与句子的一种虚词,在句子中不单独作成分,一般不重读。
2. 连词的分类:根据在句子中所起的作用不同,连词通常分为并列连词和从属连词。
(1) 并列连词用来连接并列的单词、短语或句子的连词,常见的有:and, but ,for , so, both...and, not only...but also等。
apples and pears 苹果和梨子(连接单词)
play basketball and play football 打篮球和踢足球(连接短语)
I like English, but I don’t like maths. 我喜欢英语,但我不喜欢数学。(连接句子,由并列连词连接而成的
句子称为“并列句”)
(2) 从属连词是用来引导从句的连词,常见的有:because,when, as, if, until等。
I like maths because I’m good with numbers. 我喜欢数学因为我善于和数字打交道。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go on a picnic. 如果明天不下雨,我们去野餐。
3. and的用法
(1) and的常见用法
· 表示并列关系,可译为“和,并且”,可以连接两个单词,两个短语或两个句子。
I like music and PE. 我喜欢音乐和体育。
He can play soccer and play the piano. 他会踢足球和弹钢琴。
Mum cooked lunch and Dad cleaned the room. 妈妈烧了午饭,爸爸打扫了房间。
注意:
如果and在一般短语中连接两个联系密切的人或事物,第二个单词前的限定词通常省略:a knife and
fork(一副刀叉),my father and mother(我的爸爸妈妈),而a knife and a spoon(一把刀和一把勺子);my father
and my uncle(我的爸爸和我的叔叔)则不省略。
· and还可以表示顺承关系,意为“然后,接着”,表示两个事件相继发生。
She came in and took her coat off. 她进来后脱了外衣。
Sandy took out a pen and wrote some numbers on the paper. 桑迪拿出钢笔,然后在纸上写了一些数字。
(2) 否定句中and与or的区别
· 在否定句中,逐项否定各个成分,用连词or连接,不使用and。
若表示连接起来的两个或多个部分是结合成一个整体被否定的,用and。
请比较以下句子和含义区别;
Don’t drink or drive. 不要喝酒,也不许开车。
Don’t drink and drive. 不要酒后开车。
Lily can’t sing or dance. 丽丽不会唱歌,也不会跳舞。
Lily can’t sing and dance. 丽丽不会一边唱歌,一边跳舞。
· 否定句中使用or连接。如果连接的两个部分前都有否定词,则用and连接。
He doesn’t like English or maths. 他不喜欢英语和数学。
=He doesn’t like English and doesn’t like maths.他不喜欢英语和数学。
We have no money or time. 我们没钱,也没时间。
=We have no money and no time.我们没钱,也没时间。
(3) 使用and的其他注意事项
· 当and连接两个并列成分作主语时,后面的谓语动词用复数。
Tom and Sally are my good friends. 汤姆和萨莉是我的好朋友。
Tom ,with Sally, is playing basketball. 汤姆和萨莉在打篮球。(注意如果“名词+with+名词”作主语,位于
动词则与第一个名词保持人称和单复数一致。)
若连接的结构表示一个人或物,则谓语动词用单数。
The scientist and professor is from Hangzhou. 这位科学家兼教授来自杭州。(同一个人)
The scientist and the professor are from Hangzhou.这位科学家和这位教授来自杭州。(两个人)
· 陈述句变疑问句时,如果疑问句中两个事物是表示并列关系,and指两者同时,则不需要将and变成or。
Do you like apples and bananas?你喜欢苹果和香蕉吗?
Do you like apples or bananas?你喜欢苹果还是香蕉?
注意:or的其他用法
· or还可以表示引出另一种可能性,意为“或,或者,还是”。
Is it a boy or a girl? 是个男孩还是女孩?
· or还可以表示用于警告或忠告,意为“否则,不然”。
Hurry up, or we’ll be late. 快一点,否则我们要迟到了。
4. but的用法
(1) but表示转折关系,意为“但是”。
I like maths, but I don’t like biology. 我喜欢数学,但我不喜欢生物。
I knocked but there was no one around. 我敲了门,但是没有人应门。
(2) but可用于表示歉意。
I'm sorry but I can't stay any longer.很抱歉,我不能再待下去了。
Please excuse me, but there is something I must say...不好意思,但有些话我必须说。
(3) but还可用于引出下文,表示吃惊,生气或不同意。
But that's not possible!但那是不可能的!
'I don't think I should stay in this house' 'But why?' “我觉得我不应该再呆在这所房子里。”“可是为什么?”
5. because的用法
(1) because表示因果关系,意为“因为”,后接表示原因的句子。
I like biology because I can learn a lot about animals and plants.我喜欢生物学,因为我可以学到很多关于动
物和植物的知识。
(2) 其他表示因果关系的连词:
· for,意为“因为,由于”,后接表示原因的句子。
He must be at home, for it is raining outside. 他一定在家,因为外面正下雨呢。
I must go now, for my sister is waiting for me.现在我得走了,我姐姐在等我呢
· as,意为“因为,由于”,后接表示原因的句子。
As you were out, I left a message. 你不在,所以我留了一张字条儿。
She may need some help as she's new.她是新来的,可能需要一些帮助。
· so,意为“因此”,后接表示结果的句子。
He was ill so he didn’t go to school yesterday. 他病了,所以昨天没去上学。
Our English teacher is nice and humorous, so all the students like her. 我们的英语老师很好,很幽默,所以所
有的学生都喜欢她。
(3) 用法注意
· because表示原因,后接句子;because of也可以表示原因,后接名词或短语
We didn’t go there because of the bad weather. 因为糟糕的天气,我们没有去哪里。
· 回答why问句,只用because,不用for和as等。
—Why do you like music? 你为什么喜欢音乐?
—Because I can learn some new songs. 因为我可以学一些新的歌曲。
· because和so不同时使用,用了because就不再使用so。
[随学随练]
单项填空。
(1) The countryside is so nice ________ quiet.
A.so
B.or
C.and
D.but
【答案】C
【详解】句意:乡村是如此的美丽和宁静。
考查连词词义辨析。so因此;or或者;and和;but但是。根据空前的nice和空后的quiet的词义可知,此处表示并列关系。故选C。
(2) ________ I’m late again, ________ the teacher is very angry.
A.Because, so
B.So, /
C.Because, /
【答案】C
【详解】句意:因为我又迟到了,所以老师非常生气。
考查连词辨析。because因为;so所以。两个分句,前一个分句是原因,用because;后一个分句是原因,用so。但because和so不能连用。故选C。
(3) Mary thinks geography is really difficult, ________ she doesn’t like it.
A.but
B.because
C.so
D.and
【答案】C
【详解】句意:玛丽认为地理太难了,因此她不喜欢地理。
考查连词用法。but但是,表转折;because因为,表原因;so因此,表因果;and和,表并列,分析前后两句关系可知,此处表结果。故选C。
(4) —Does your brother like football?
—Yes. He likes to watch the football match, ________ he doesn’t play it.
A.and
B.so
C.but
D.or
【答案】C
【详解】句意:--你弟弟喜欢足球吗?--是的。他喜欢看足球比赛,但他不踢足球。
考查并列连词。and和;so因此;but但是;or或者。根据“He likes to watch the football match.he doesn't play it.”可知,设空处前后内容为转折关系,用连词“but”。故选C。
(5) Tim likes to help others, ________ we all enjoy being with him.
A.because
B.but
C.or
D.so
【答案】D
【详解】句意:Tim喜欢帮助别人,所以我们都喜欢和他在一起。
考查连词辨析。because因为;but但是;or或者;so因此。根据“Tim likes to help others,… we all enjoy being with him."可知,前后句为因果关系,此处表示结果,应用so。故选D。
(6) It’s easy for students to buy things ________ there are many stores near the school.
A.but
B.or
C.because
D.so
【答案】C
【详解】句意:学生们买东西很容易,因为学校附近有很多商店。
考查连词辨析。but但是;or或者;because因为;so所以。根据It's easy for students o buy things及there are many stores near the school可知,前后句为因果关系,后句为解释前句购物方便的原因,应用表示原因的连词because引导原因状语从句,意为“因为”。故选C。
(7) —Can you sing _________ dance, Gina?
—I can sing, Miss Xu.
A.or
B.and
C.but
D.because
【答案】A
【详解】试题分析:句意:-吉娜,你能唱歌还是跳舞?--我能唱歌,徐老师。
考查连词的用法。A.or或者;B.and和;C.bu但是;D.because因为。结合回答,可知是选择疑问句,故选A。
(8) Mike ________ Tim are in the restaurant, ________ Molly is not.
A.and; and
B.but; but
C.and; but
D.but; and
【答案】C
【详解】句意:迈克和蒂姆在餐馆里,但莫莉不在。
考查连词辨析。and和,又;but但是。第一个空,Mike和Tim是并列关系,应用and连接,排除B和D;第二个空,前句是肯定形式后句为否定形式,前后两句存在转折关系,应用but连接句子,排除A。故选C。
(9) —Do you watch sports every day?
—No, I don’t. ________ I play ping-pong ________ tennis every day. So I can play them well.
A.But; of
B.And; but
C.But; and
D.And; of
【答案】C
【详解】句意:--你每天看体育比赛吗?--不,我不看。但是我每天都打乒乓球和网球。所以我可以打得很好。考查并列连词。bu但是,表示转折;and和,表示并列;of…的。第一个空,根据“No,I don'.... I play ping-pong…"可知前后表示转折,用but,第二空连接并列名词ping-pong和tennis,用and。故选C。
(10) —I think math is difficult ________ boring. I don’t like it.
—________ Jill likes it very much. She says it’s interesting.
A.but; And
B.but; But
C.and; And
D.and; But
【答案】D
【详解】句意:--我认为数学又难又无聊。我不喜欢它。--但是吉尔很喜欢它。她说它很有趣。
考查连词辨析。but但是,表转折;and和,表并列。第一个空,difficult和boring是并列关系,所以用and;第二个空,前面我不喜欢,和后面的吉尔喜欢,为转折关系,所以用but,此处为句子开头,首字母大写。故选D。
用适当的连词填空。
(1) My aunt is a doctor, ________ she wants to be a teacher.
【答案】but
【详解】句意:我姑姑是一名医生,但她想成为一名老师。
前句说是医生,后句说想要成为老师,前后句子之间是转折关系,应用but。
(2) Many cats died in the street because they didn’t have any food ________ drink.
【答案】or
【详解】句意:许多猫死在街上,因为它们没有食物或饮料。
句子是否定句,否定句之间的并列用or连接。
(3) I like science, ________ it’s difficult for me.
【答案】but
【详解】句意:我喜欢科学,但对我来说它很难。
根据前句I like science与后句it's difficult for me之间的转折关系,故填but。
(4) I can’t call Miss Green ________ I don’t know her telephone number.
【答案】because
【详解】句意:我不能给格林小姐打电话,因为我不知道她的电话号码。
根据空前后句的句意可知,此处表示因果关系,后一句是原因,故填because。
(5) The book is too boring, ________ I don’t like it.
【答案】so
【详解】句意:这本书太无聊了。所以我不喜欢它。
根据空前后句的句意可知,此处表示因果关系,后一句是结果,故填so。
(6) Bob ________ Bill are in the same school, ________ they aren’t in the same class.
【答案】and; but
【详解】句意:鲍勃和比尔在同一所学校,但他们不在一个班级。
第一空,根据“are”可知,主语是复数,因此第一空用and连接两个并列名词;根据“...they aren't in the same class”可知,前后两句是转折关系,因此第二空but符合句意。
(7) I like English ________ Chinese. I think they’re difficult ________ interesting.
【答案】and ; but
【详解】句意:我喜欢英语和语文。我觉得它们很难但很有趣,
根据I like English...Chinese.以及I think they're...可知,我喜欢英语和语文,因此要说学科的优点,所以第一空用“and”表示并列关系。并且这两个学科应该是“难但很有趣”,所以第二空用“but”表示转折关系。
(8) I have to leave now, _______ I will be late for the meeting.
【答案】or
【详解】句意:我现在必须走了,否则我开会要迟到了
根据空格前I have to leave now和空格后I will be late for the meeting可知,我现在必须要走,“否则”开会就要迟到,所以空格处填连词or。
用连词翻译下列句子。
(1) 我喜欢生物,我也喜欢音乐。
I like biology, and I also like music.
(2) 露西不喜欢苹果和橙子。
Lucy doesn’t like apples or oranges.
Lucy doesn’t like apples and doesn’t like oranges.
(3) 我不善于和数字打交道,所以我不喜欢数学。
I am not good with numbers, so I don’t like maths.
(4) 大卫喜欢踢足球,因为他觉得它很刺激。
David likes playing football, because he thinks it is exciting.
(5) 我不擅长唱歌,但我喜欢音乐。
I am not good at singing, but I like music.
(6) 我喜欢地理,因为它对我来说太难了。
I like geography, but it is too hard/difficult for me.
5、 单元语音学习
1. 双元音
(1) 8个双元音的发音
/eɪ/的发音
· 上下齿分开,舌尖轻抵下齿,先发/e/音嘴角向两边伸展,舌位抬高,向/ɪ/自然滑动,下颚向上合拢。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
a
cake; name; plane; plate
ay
day; play; say
ai
train; wait; mail; rain
/aɪ/的发音
· 嘴巴张大,先发/a/音,向/ɪ/滑动,口腔由全开到半合,舌尖抵下齿。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
i
hike; like; life; time
y
dry; sky; my; why
ie
die; pie; tie; lie
/ɔɪ/的发音
· 嘴巴长大,上下唇收缩发/ɔ/音,向/ɪ/滑动,由圆唇变为扁唇。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
oy
boy; toy; enjoy; joy
oi
point; soil; toilet; voice; noise
/əʊ/的发音
· 双唇扁平,先发/ə/音,然后向/ʊ/滑动,双唇向前突出,逐渐缩小收成圆形,舌位抬高。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
o
home; nose; note; stone; go
oa
road; boat; goat; soap; coat
ow
show; know; snow; slow
/aʊ/的发音
· 嘴巴长大,先发/a/音,向/ʊ/滑动,口型由大到小,收缩成原形。前面的/a/更清晰响量,且发音时间较长;后面的/ʊ/发音模糊,较短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
ow
now; how; cow; town
ou
out; house; mouth; about
/ɪə/的发音
· 舌尖轻抵下齿,嘴巴扁平发/ɪ/音,然后向/ə/滑动。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
ea/ear
idea; area; ear; hear; near; clear
ere/eer
here; beer; cheer
/eə/的发音
· 嘴巴张开,发/e/音,然后向/ə/滑动。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
ear/are
pear; bear; wear; share; care
ere
where; there
air
air; hair; chair; stair
/ʊə/的发音
· 双唇突出呈圆形,发/ʊ/音,双唇变成扁平,向/ə/滑动。发音前长后短。
· 常见字母或字母组合
ure
sure
oor
poor
our
tour; tourist
(2) 双元音的发音注意事项
· 双元音有两个不同的元音因素构成,发音时嘴形是动态,有变化的。
· 双元音是长音,发音要有一定的长度。双元音是一个音节。
· 双元音后接/n/、/m/时,容易漏读最后的辅音,如tone,zone,pain,down等,平时要多加练习。
2. 连读
前后相连的两个单词,前一个单词的末尾的音与后一个单词开头的音连起来读,这种现象叫做连读。连读用连读符号“ ︶ ”表示。常见的连读情况有以下几种:
(1) “辅元”连读
前一个词词尾是辅音,后一个词词首是元音,两个词可以连读。
如: get ︶ it It ︶ is ︶ a book. have ︶ a look ︶ at ︶ it Not ︶ at ︶ all.
(2) “元元”连读
当一个单词以元音音素结尾,后面的单词也以元音音素开头时,通常会在中间加一个半元音(像 /w/ 或 /j/)来帮助过渡。
· 如果前一个单词结尾的元音是/i:/,/eɪ/,/aɪ/,/ɔɪ/,连读是加上/j/音。
· 如果前一个单词结尾的元音是/u:/,/aʊ/,/əʊ/,连读时加上/w/音。
如:be on time /bi jɒn taɪm/ stay up /steɪ jʌp/ see me off /si: mi jɒf/
grow up /ɡrəʊ wʌp/ do it /du: wit/ go on /ɡəʊ wɒn/
(3) “r/re+元音”连读
如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾,后一个词是以元音开头,两个词可以连读,中间加一个/r/音。
如:for ︶ it a pair ︶ of four ︶ eggs
6、 综合练习
1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词,每空一词。
(1) I like geography(地理), because it is useful(有用的) and I love travelling(旅行).
(2) David’s favourite subject is history(历史) and he thinks it is interesting. But Jill thinks it is boring(乏味的).
(3) Mr. Green is good with(善于应付) children. He tells many funny stories to them.
(4) What’s your telephone number (数字)?
(5) My grandpa listens to (听)the radio every morning.
(6) His sister is good at drawing(擅长画画).
(7) In fact, there are a lot of reasons(原因) to play sports.
(8) Remember(记得) not to put too much salt(盐) into the soup.
(9) Song Yingxing was an excellent scientist(一位优秀的科学家) during the late Ming dynasty.
(10) Ruanxian(阮咸) is a traditional Chinese instrument(乐器).
(11) Sarah wants to be a teacher in the future(将来).
(12) The maths problem(难题) is so difficult(难的) that few(几乎没有) students can work it out(计算出它).
(13) Mrs Pepperpot has an easy and magic life(安逸且神奇的生活).
(14) We can’t eat in class(课堂上).
(15) He is kind and always helps me learn (帮助我学习) French.
(16) We must work hard (努力工作) to achieve(实现)our dreams.
(17) Sue doesn’t feel well(感觉身体舒服的) today.
(18) Fred is busy with(忙于...) his report(报告).
2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的连词、介词等。
(1) Paragliding(滑翔伞) is an interesting and exciting(excite) sport and I never get bored (bore)with it.
(2) He will give the books to his sister.
(3) Some studies (study) show that walking is good for our health.
(4) Now let me tell you how to learn (learn) Chinese.
(5) The man with black pants is a famous singer (sing).
(6) We should learn from Lei Feng. He is a great man.
(7) —Why do you like Jim to be your friend?
—Because he is good at sports but I am not.
(8) The dictionary is very useful(use) to me.
(9) John sometimes helps me with maths.
(10) Let’s walk(walk) to the park.
(11) It’s fun to watch(watch) the football match.
(12) Is the meeting on Sunday or next Monday?
(13) Sally is in No.10 Middle School, but her brother isn’t.
(14) Mr. Brown is funny. He always makes us laugh(laugh).
(15) Daisy starts learning to play(play) the piano at the age of twelve.
3. 单项填空。
(1) The football match will start soon. They want ________ it.
A.not watch
B.watch
C.to watch
D.watches
【答案】C
【详解】句意:足球比赛马上就要开始了。他们想看。
考查非谓语动词。want to do sth“想要做某事”,动词不定式作宾语。故选C。
(2) —Why do you like maths, John?
—Because I ________ numbers.
A.am good to
B.am good with
C.am good for
D.am bad for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——你为什么喜欢数学,约翰?——因为我擅长数字。
考查短语辨析。be good to对……友好;be good with 善于应对……的;be good for对……有好处;be bad for对……有害。根据“Why do you like maths, John?”可知约翰喜欢数学,所以应是擅长应对数字。故选B。
(3) This is ________ exciting story. ________ story is loved (被喜爱) by children.
A.an; The
B.a; An
C.a; The
D.an; A
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这是一个令人兴奋的故事。这个故事被孩子们所喜欢。
考查冠词用法。第一个空表示“一”的概念,用不定冠词,exciting以元音音素开头,所以用不定冠词an。第二个空特指上句提到的story,用定冠词the,故选A。
(4) I have a bad cold (重感冒). I don’t feel like ________ anything.
A.to eat
B.eating
C.eat
D.eats
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我患了重感冒。我不想吃任何东西。
考查动词短语。feel like doing sth想做某事”,故选B。
(5) —The art festival is coming. It’s a good chance(机会) to show ourselves.
—You are very good at ________. And you will be popular(受欢迎的).
A.singing
B.sing
C.to sing
D.sang
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——艺术节要来了。这是一个展示我们自己的好机会。——你很擅长于唱歌。你会受欢迎的。
考查非谓语动词。be good at doing sth.“擅长做某事”,此处是动名词作宾语。故选A。
(6) —Can you help me ________ housework, Jerry?
—Sure, I’d like to help ________ some housework.
A.do; with
B.do; at
C.to do; as
D.to do; on
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——杰瑞,你能帮我做家务吗?——当然。我很乐意帮你做些家务。
考查动词短语及介词辨析。with带着;at在几点;as像;on在……上面。help sb.(to) do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”;help with意为“帮助做……”。故选A。
(7) —________ do you like playing basketball?
—Because it is relaxing.
A.When
B.Where
C.Why
D.What
【答案】C
【详解】句意:--你为什么喜欢打篮球?--因为它让人放松。
考查特殊疑问句。When什么时候;Where哪里;Why为什么;What什么。根据“Because it is relaxing"可知,此处回答了上文问了为什么喜欢打篮球的理由,应用why提问原因。故选C。
(8) I felt very ________ after watching the ________ match.
A.excited; exciting
B.exciting; exciting
C.excited; excited
D.exciting; excited
【答案】A
【详解】句意:看完这场激动人心的比赛后,我感到非常兴奋。
考查形容词辨析。excited兴奋的(修饰人);exciting令人激动的(修饰物)。根据"I felt very…"可知,此处描述人的感受,excited符合语境;根据“after watching the..match”可知,此处描述比赛,exciting符合语境,故选A。
(9) Linda has a volleyball ________ her sister doesn’t.
A.so
B.and
C.but
D.because
【答案】C
【详解】句意:Linda有一个排球,但她的妹妹没有。
考查连词辨析。so因此,表示结果;and和,表示并列;bu但是,表示转折;because因为,表示原因。前后句之间是转折关系,应用but连接。故选C。
(10) —How about the film you saw last night?
—Some people think it’s boring, ________ people think it’s exciting.
A.another
B.other
C.the other
D.others
【答案】B
【详解】句意:--昨天晚上你看的电影怎么样?--有些人认为它很厌烦,有些人认为它很令人兴奋。
考查词语辨析。another另一个;other其他的,后面经常跟名词;the other两个中的另一个,常用于one...the other结构,表示“一个…另一个.…”;others其他的,等同与other+复数名词,some..other...是固定句式,表示“有的….有的…”。故选B。
(11) We can learn a lot________ Chinese history from this book.
A.about
B.for
C.of
D.from
【答案】A
【详解】句意:从这本书里面,我们学到了许多关于中国历史的东西。
考查介词辨析。about关于,大约;for为了,对于;of关于,…的;from从,来自。本句中alot作宾语,表示很多的含义。故选A。
(12) The Chinese story book is interesting, ________ Linda likes it very much.
A.because
B.or
C.but
D.and
【答案】D
【详解】句意:这本中国故事书很有趣,琳达非常喜欢,
考查连词。because因为;or否则;but但是;and而且。根据前文说书有趣,后文谈到喜欢,前后是一种顺承关系,所以是and。故选D。
4. 根据情境写句子或翻译句子。
(1) 你想知道David最喜欢的学科是什么,你可以这样问:
【参考答案】What’s David’s favourite subject?
(2) 你觉得数学日常生活中非常有用,你可以这样说:
【参考答案】I think maths is very useful in our life.
(3) 描述你最喜欢的学科“生物”,并简要阐述你喜欢生物的理由。
【参考答案】My favourite subject is biology. Mr. Chen is our biology teacher. He is kind and always makes his class interesting. I can also learn a lot about animals and plants in class.
(4) 介绍一门你不喜欢的学科(math),并简述原因。
【参考答案】I don’t like maths, because I’m not good with numbers. This subject is too difficult to me. I can’t always work out the maths problems.
(5) 请谈一谈你未来的规划(想要成为一名科学家)。
【参考答案】I want to be scientist, because I’m good at science and maths. And I want to make some robots to help people.
(6) 音乐总是让我开心。(翻译句子)
【参考答案】Music always makes me happy.
(7) 记住所有的信息对我来说很困难。(翻译句子)
【参考答案】It’s difficult for me to remember all the information.
(8) 他的哥哥擅长打篮球。(翻译句子)
【参考答案】His brother is good at playing basketball.
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