精品解析：2025届河南省信阳市高三第一次教学质量检测（一模）英语试卷

★2024年10月18日 2024-2025学年普通高中高三第一次教学质量检测 英 语 注意事项： 1. 答题前，务必在答题卷规定的地方填写自己的姓名、考号和座位号。 2. 答第Ⅰ卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；答第Ⅱ卷时，必须使用0. 5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卷上书写，要求字体工整，笔迹清晰。在指定的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 3. 满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman? A. A teacher. B. An official. C. A student. 2 What will the man do next? A. Go to the post office. B. Buy new clothes. C. Do some washing. 3. How does the woman feel about James’ behavior? A. Upset. B. Unsurprised. C. Pleased. 4. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Send a package. B. Pick up her son. C. Fetch her parcel. 5 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A festival. B. A gift. C. A friend. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6. What did Mary's family do last Sunday afternoon? A. They went on a picnic. B. They stayed at home. C. They saw a movie. 7. Who did the man spend the weekend with? A. His parents. B. His uncle's family. C. His friends. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does Mark talk to the woman? A. To make some changes. B. To book a single room. C. To put off his check- in time. 9. How many nights will Mark and his wife spend at the hotel? A. 2. B. 3. C. 5. 10. What does Mark think of the price? A. Quite low. B. Reasonable. C. Very expensive. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至14题。 11. What kind of dog does Carol want? A. A smart one. B. A kind one. C. A large one. 12. When did Carol last see Spot? A. A day ago. B. A month ago. C. A year ago. 13. Who dislikes Spot? A. Steve's neighbors. B. Carol's sister. C. Steve. 14. Why does Steve refuse to get a carpet in his apartment? A. Spot will get sick. B. Spot will bite it. C. Spot will make it dirty. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. Which season is it? A. Winter. B. Spring. C. Summer. 16. Where will the speakers go tomorrow? A. A food market. B. An amusement park. C. A garden downtown. 17. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Tourist and guide. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Where did Nightingale start a nursing home for women? A. In Germany. B. In England. C. In France. 19. What did Nightingale do in 1854? A. She built a war hospital. B. She learned nursing abroad. C. She went to the front hospitals. 20. When did Nightingale write a book on public health? A. Before the war. B. During the war. C. After the war. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A New Space Missions in 2024 ESA’s Hera mission The European Space Agency (ESA) plans to launch its Hera spacecraft in October on a mission to return to an asteroid (小行星) system visited by NASA’s DART spacecraft in 2022. Hera is designed to collect data on the targeted system, called Didymos. The spacecraft is expected to closely examine the physical properties of Didymos and measure detailed effects of DART’s crash. Europa Clipper NASA hopes to launch its Europa Clipper mission in October. This orbiter is designed to carry out close examinations of Jupiter’s moon Europa. Specifically, the mission will look for signs that the icy moon might hold the right conditions to support life. NASA says the orbiter will fly in orbit around Jupiter and perform repeated close flybys (飞跃) of the icy moon. Boeing’s Starliner test flight NASA and Boeing have said they plan to launch the first crewed test flight of the company’s Starliner spacecraft. NASA says it is targeting May 2024 to have Starliner ready for flight. The launch date is to be set later. The spacecraft completed its first uncrewed flight test to the International Space Station (ISS) last May. But Boeing has experienced several technical difficulties with Starliner during the mission and has worked with NASA to fix the problems as it prepares for the planned crewed flight. SpaceX Starship test SpaceX, another NASA’s partner, has been successfully using its rockets and spacecraft to transport astronauts and materials to the ISS since 2020. But the company will be seeking a successful test flight in 2024 for its super- heavy Starship spacecraft. SpaceX experienced two failed Starship tests in 2023 — one in April and the other in November — which resulted in explosions. The April explosion caused major damage to the launch structure in the state of Texas. SpaceX has said it has been examining the issues related to the explosions and plans to carry out another test of Starship as soon as possible. But it will have to wait until the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) completes its investigation of the launch site damage and approves a new test. 1. What is the main purpose of ESA’s Hera mission? A. To explore a new asteroid system. B. To collect data on the Didymos system. C. To return to the moon for further research. D. To measure the effects of a previous spacecraft crash. 2. Which statement about Boeing’s Starliner test flight is true? A. It will be launched in October 2024. B. It has already completed its first crewed flight test. C. NASA has set a specific launch date for the crewed flight. D. Boeing has encountered technical difficulties during its test flights. 3. What happened to SpaceX’s Starship during its tests in 2023? A. It successfully completed two test flights. B. It experienced explosions during both tests. C. The first test was successful, but the second failed. D. The April test caused minor damage to the launch structure. B As a writer specializing in psychology, I've come across hundreds of evidence-based tips for better thinking. Few have proven as useful to me as the ancient strategy of illeism. Put simply, illeism is the practice of talking about oneself in the third person, rather than the first person. The rhetorical device (修辞手法) is often used by politicians to try to give their words an air of objectivity. In his account of the Gallic War, for example, the emperor Julius Caesar wrote “Caesar avenged the public” rather than “I avenged the public”. To the modern ear, illeism can sound a little silly or pompous. Yet recent psychological research suggests that illeism can bring some real cognitive benefits. If we are trying to make a difficult decision, speaking about ourselves in the third person can help to neutralise the emotions that could lead our thinking off the right way, allowing us to find a wiser solution to our problem. When making personal choices, we become too immersed (沉浸于) in our emotions, which cloud our thinking and prevent us from dealing with our issues objectively. If I have received negative feedback from a colleague, for example, my feeling of embarrassment might lead me to become overly self- defensive. I might therefore abandon their opinions without considering whether their advice could be helpful in the long term. By switching to the third person, our descriptions of the situation will start to sound as if we are talking about someone else rather than ourselves. This sense of detachment (超脱) would allow us to see the bigger picture, rather than getting caught up in our own feelings. By encouraging us to deal with our problems objectively, the use of illeism may also help us to have a more balanced response to daily stresses. 4. What is illeism according to the passage? A. Mentioning others in the third person. B. Referring to oneself in the third person. C. Talking about oneself in the first person. D. Speaking about others in the first person. 5. Why do politicians often use illeism in their speeches? A. To make their words more emotional. B. To make their language more complex. C. To add a sense of humor to their speeches. D. To make their statements sound objective. 6. What benefit of illeism does recent psychological research highlight? A. It increases people's self- confidence. B. It improves people's physical health. C. It aids in seeking for better approaches. D. It helps people make decisions more quickly. 7. How can illeism help when we deal with personal choices and emotions? A. By making us feel less embarrassed. B. By encouraging us to be more defensive. C. By making us ignore our emotions. D. By allowing us to take a broader view. C In recent years, some researchers have been exploring the possibility of so-called “automated valet parking”, a function that would allow a car to drive itself from the entrance of a parking to a free parking spot. While this autonomous driving application gathered great research interest, its reliable realization has so far proved challenging. Researchers at Mach Drive in Shanghai recently developed OCEAN, an Openspace Collision-freE trAjectory plaNner for the autonomous parking of vehicles. This planner was found to significantly improve the ability of cars to safely reach a parking spot, without colliding (碰撞) with objects on the way. It was designed to overcome the two primary shortcomings of approaches presented in previous studies tackling autonomous parking. The first of these is the inability to accurately predict collisions, while the second involves poor performance in real-time tests. The OCEAN planner builds on a previously introduced approach called Hybrd Optimization-based Collision Avoidance (H-OBCA), dealing with its primary limitations. Its improved design ultimately improves its ability to avoid collisions, along with its stability and speed in real time. “To avoid collisions, we have redesigned a simpler mathematical model and found a method to deal with the problem, making the solution process faster and more efficient,” Wang, Lu and their colleagues wrote in their paper. They tested their planner on hundreds of simulated (模拟的) scenes and conducted real-world experiments in public parking areas. Their results were highly promising, as OCEAN was found to outperform a variety of methods for autonomous parking applications. “Results show that the proposed method has better system performance compared with other standards,” Wang, Lu and his colleagues explained in their paper. “Our method makes it possible to deploy (部署) large-scale parking planner on low computing power platforms that require real-time performance.” The planner developed by this team of researchers could be improved and tested in additional real-world trials. In the future, it could be deployed by car-making firms, contributing to the introduction of automated vehicle parking technologies. 8. What is the main function of OCEAN? A. To help the car find a free parking spot faster. B. To drive the car from the entrance to the exit of a parking lot. C. To enhance the car’s ability to arrive at a parking spot safely. D. To predict the number of the free parking spots in a parking lot. 9. Two primary shortcomings of previous approaches to autonomous parking are _________. A. high cost and complex operation. B. limited application range and high energy consumption. C. inability to accurately predict collisions and poor real-time performance. D. difficulty in adapting to different parking lot layouts and long calculation time. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the OCEAN planner? A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Indifferent. 11. What can be the best title for this passage? A. The Development of Autonomous Parking Technologies B. Mach Drive: A Leading Company in Autonomous Driving C. OCEAN: A Promising Planner for Autonomous Parking D. Challenges in Real-World Autonomous Parking Experiments D At Countryside High School in Clearwater, Fla., 16-year-old Sage Waite is already taking a class in cybersecurity, and she’d welcome one that’s in the works on cyber disinformation (虚假信息). “For the longest time, I didn’t actually know what disinformation was,” said Waite, who’s in the 11th grade. “There was always the idea that things could be wrong in what you’re hearing and what you’re being told. But the idea of misinformation and disinformation wasn’t in my day-to-day.” This past year, she says, has been an eye-opener, when disinformation has become so popular. “My friends and I definitely started looking into stuff more and doing more research after that.” she said. A new program on “digital literacy”, with a focus on topics like disinformation, is in preparation, thanks in part to Mike McConnell, who is now working to fight false information aimed at young people. “We need to understand this so we can appreciate what’s happening to us, and be able to not only understand it, but also to navigate through it,” McConnell said. “That’s what I call digital literacy.” McConnell is executive director of Cyber Florida, which is based at the University of South Florida in Tampa. The group works with kids throughout the state at universities, high schools, and even those in younger grades. Cyber Florida helped set up the cybersecurity program now being taught at many Florida schools. The new project, Cyber Citizenship, is even more ambitious. “We think if we can do this for Florida, we can spread it across the nation,” he said. The expanded program which is in the pipeline aims to make digital literacy something all Florida students get, at several grade levels, before they finish high school. There’s no date yet for the cyber disinformation classes in Florida, but computer teacher Jason Felt says it can’t come soon enough and he is ready to embrace it. “The Internet is a wonderful tool. It’s connected us in a way that’s never really been seen before. But it’s a blessing and it’s also a curse.” Teaching students the difference, he says, is a huge challenge. 12. What inspired Sage Waite and her friends to do more research on disinformation? A. Their passion for new technologies. B. Their interest in cybersecurity classes. C. Their participation in a school project. D. Their realization of the popularity of disinformation. 13. What is the main goal of Cyber Citizenship? A. To connect students through the Internet. B. To spread digital literacy across the nation. C. To set up cybersecurity programs in schools. D. To fight false information aimed at young people. 14. What does the underlined phrase “in the pipeline” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Under protection. B. Recently completed. C. Already applied. D. In the planning stage. 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The importance of cybersecurity education in schools. B. The challenges of teaching digital literacy to students. C. The impact of the Internet on students’ learning experiences. D. The efforts to introduce digital literacy programs in Florida schools. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Snakes are the last thing you want to find in your yard or garden, much less in your house. Unfortunately, there's no surefire way to keep snakes away from your building. But don't despair. ____16____. Keep the area around your house clear of overgrown bushes and grass Homeowners should start by keeping their grass at a short or reasonable length. Snakes are cautious about moving across trimmed bushes and grass as these expose them to predators. ____17____. Get rid of hiding spots Reduce or get rid of places where snakes like to hide. One such place is under bushes. Also, ground-cover plants offer hiding places for snakes. ____18____. Another landscape feature to note is large rocks piled together. Avoid these as they are great hiding and cooling places for snakes. ____19____ Homeowners need to check the foundation for possible snake entry points. Snakes will enter under your house if they can. Make sure to seal any cracks or openings a snake could fit through. Doors can also be an access point for snakes. Block these openings. Remove sources of food Snakes are carnivores that eat meat, so they look for mice, rats and even birds. There are steps homeowners can take to avoid attracting these animals and, in turn, snakes. ____20____. This will attract the animals, which will then attract the snakes. It's fine to feed your pets outdoors, just remember to remove any uneaten food. A. Seal off entrances to the house B. How to handle a snake encounter C. There are measures that you can take D. One is to avoid leaving cat or dog food outdoors E. Try to limit the use of such plants in your garden F. So it's advisable to regularly trim bushes and grass around your house G. The methods homeowners can use to keep snakes at bay are of two kinds 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 1996, at the age of 27, Wil Smith began his academic journey as a freshman at Maine’s Bowdoin College, shortly after he had ____21____ his service in the Navy. Despite the challenges, he ____22____ himself and his one-year-old daughter, Olivia, for this new chapter in their lives. Years later, now a teenager, Olivia sat with her father to ____23____ on their shared experiences during those “college years”. “You weren’t part of my original plan as a ____24____,” Wil admitted to Olivia. “I had a feeling that if Bowdoin College knew about you, they might not let me enroll. ____25____, I kept it a secret.” To ____26____ ends meet Wil took on a job at a local store, working the night shift as a cleaner. “There were times I had to bring you to work and ____27____ you in the closet,” Wil laughed, recalling. “The stress and lack of food probably caused me to ____28____ around 27 pounds. I couldn’t afford enough for both of us. ” He continued, “My basketball teammates were the first to help babysit. I’d ____29____ returning from class to find four big guys and an 18-month-old causing chaos in the room.” Olivia inquired, “Did you ever feel _____30_____ about bringing me to class?” “It was a bit awkward,” Wil confessed. “Sometimes, the _____31_____ way to cope was to come in, see you _____32_____, and then return to my studies.” In 2000, Wil _____33_____ from Bowdoin, and on that memorable day, all his classmates rose to give him a standing applause. “I recall walking with you, my head resting on your shoulder,” Olivia said with a _____34_____. “I truly _____35_____ your strength, and I love you.” “I find my strength in you,” Wil replied. “I always have, and I always will.” 21. A. completed B. initiated C. extended D. considered 22. A. prepared B. withdrew C. proceeded D. risked 23. A. reflect B. depend C. contribute D. predict 24. A. colleague B. roommate C. acquaintance D. classmate 25. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides 26. A. earn B. make C. achieve D. fulfill 27. A. hide B. find C. liberate D. feed 28. A. gain B. possess C. reduce D. promote 29. A. appreciate B. imagine C. forget D. sustain 30. A. thrilled B. frightened C. nervous D. ashamed 31. A. entire B. special C. terrible D. only 32. A. asleep B. disappointed C. weeping D. studying 33. A. benefited B. graduated C. learned D. retired 34 A. hurry B. giggle C. sigh D. frown 35. A. admit B. increase C. evaluate D. admire 第Ⅱ卷 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Black Myth: Wukong has impressed games worldwide ____36____ its breathtaking visuals and compelling narrative. ____37____ (draw) inspiration from the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West, the game, ____38____ tells the tale of a young monkey, immerses players in a rich cultural experience, meant to uncover the truth about the legendary Sun Wukong. This ambitious title is an evidence to China’s expanding gaming industry, showcasing its potential to create ____39____ (globe) competitive games. The game’s success is ____40____ (remark), topping sales charts and gathering millions of views across platforms. Players from different cultures are interested, despite the story’s deep roots in Chinese myths. Up till now, some ____41____ (inspire) to read the original novel ____42____ (understand) the game’s narrative better. However, the game’s cultural depth poses ____43____ challenge for non-Chinese-speaking players, as the plot is complexly woven with the classic tale. Some players find ____44____ hard to follow the story, but that doesn’t stop them from enjoying the game. The game’s impact is evident as it bridges the gap between Chinese culture and the international community, inspiring _____45_____ (curious) and fostering a dialogue about Chinese mythology and literature. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将于11月 15 日在校园内举办一场关于“古诗词鉴赏”的讲座。外教 Peter对中国古诗词非常感兴趣，请用英语写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括： 1. 讲座的时间和地点； 2. 讲座的目的和内容； 3. 发出邀请。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：古诗词鉴赏 ancient Chinese poetry appreciation Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In Maplewood High School, honesty was a principle often discussed but not always practiced. Among the students, Emma Turner was known for her honesty. She was diligent , always completed her homework on time, and was trusted by her peers (同龄人) and teachers alike. She was also a model student, often helping others with their homework and organizing study groups. Her reputation for honesty and hard work made her a natural leader in her class. One autumn day, the entire school was excited. The annual science fair was approaching, and the students were busy perfecting their projects. Posters, models, and experiments filled the classrooms as everyone worked diligently. Emma had spent weeks on her project about renewable energy. She devoted herself to various sustainable (可持续的) energy sources, conducted experiments, and created a detailed display to showcase her findings. She was confident it would impress the judges. Her best friend, Max, however, had struggled to come up with an idea. He had procrastinated (拖延) , unsure of what topic to choose, and now the deadline drew near. Max admired Emma and felt guilty for not being prepared. In a moment of desperation, Max decided to “borrow” an older cousin's project and present it as his own. Max was sure that no one at Maplewood would know. The day of the science fair arrived, and the gym was filled with colorful displays, excited students, and curious parents. The air was thick with the smell of poster paint and anticipation. Emma’s display attracted a lot of attention. Teachers, students, and even a local news reporter stopped by to ask questions about her innovative ideas. She felt a sense of pride and accomplishment. As she made her rounds to view other projects, she noticed Max’s project. Her heart sank when she realized she had seen it before at a different fair years ago. 注意：（1）续写词数应150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Emma faced a difficult situation. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Emma took a deep breath and approached Max. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 ACACB 6-10 ABACB 11-15 BCAAB 16-20 CBBCC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ★2024年10月18日 2024-2025学年普通高中高三第一次教学质量检测 英 语 注意事项： 1. 答题前，务必在答题卷规定的地方填写自己的姓名、考号和座位号。 2. 答第Ⅰ卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；答第Ⅱ卷时，必须使用0. 5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卷上书写，要求字体工整，笔迹清晰。在指定的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 3. 满分150分, 考试时间120分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分） 听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman? A. A teacher. B. An official. C. A student. 2. What will the man do next? A. Go to the post office. B. Buy new clothes. C. Do some washing. 3. How does the woman feel about James’ behavior? A. Upset. B. Unsurprised. C. Pleased. 4. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Send a package. B. Pick up her son. C. Fetch her parcel. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A festival. B. A gift. C. A friend. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6. What did Mary's family do last Sunday afternoon? A. They went on a picnic. B. They stayed at home. C. They saw a movie. 7. Who did the man spend the weekend with? A. His parents. B. His uncle's family. C. His friends. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does Mark talk to the woman? A. To make some changes. B. To book a single room. C. To put off his check- in time. 9. How many nights will Mark and his wife spend at the hotel? A. 2. B. 3. C. 5. 10. What does Mark think of the price? A. Quite low. B. Reasonable. C. Very expensive. 听第8段材料，回答第11 至14题。 11. What kind of dog does Carol want? A. A smart one. B. A kind one. C. A large one. 12. When did Carol last see Spot? A. A day ago. B. A month ago. C. A year ago. 13. Who dislikes Spot? A. Steve's neighbors. B. Carol's sister. C. Steve. 14. Why does Steve refuse to get a carpet in his apartment? A. Spot will get sick. B. Spot will bite it. C. Spot will make it dirty. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. Which season is it? A. Winter. B. Spring. C. Summer. 16. Where will the speakers go tomorrow? A. A food market. B. An amusement park. C. A garden downtown. 17. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Tourist and guide. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Where did Nightingale start a nursing home for women? A. In Germany. B. In England. C. In France. 19. What did Nightingale do in 1854? A. She built a war hospital. B. She learned nursing abroad. C. She went to the front hospitals. 20. When did Nightingale write a book on public health? A. Before the war. B. During the war. C. After the war. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A New Space Missions in 2024 ESA’s Hera mission The European Space Agency (ESA) plans to launch its Hera spacecraft in October on a mission to return to an asteroid (小行星) system visited by NASA’s DART spacecraft in 2022. Hera is designed to collect data on the targeted system, called Didymos. The spacecraft is expected to closely examine the physical properties of Didymos and measure detailed effects of DART’s crash. Europa Clipper NASA hopes to launch its Europa Clipper mission in October. This orbiter is designed to carry out close examinations of Jupiter’s moon Europa. Specifically, the mission will look for signs that the icy moon might hold the right conditions to support life. NASA says the orbiter will fly in orbit around Jupiter and perform repeated close flybys (飞跃) of the icy moon. Boeing’s Starliner test flight NASA and Boeing have said they plan to launch the first crewed test flight of the company’s Starliner spacecraft. NASA says it is targeting May 2024 to have Starliner ready for flight. The launch date is to be set later. The spacecraft completed its first uncrewed flight test to the International Space Station (ISS) last May. But Boeing has experienced several technical difficulties with Starliner during the mission and has worked with NASA to fix the problems as it prepares for the planned crewed flight. SpaceX Starship test SpaceX, another NASA’s partner, has been successfully using its rockets and spacecraft to transport astronauts and materials to the ISS since 2020. But the company will be seeking a successful test flight in 2024 for its super- heavy Starship spacecraft. SpaceX experienced two failed Starship tests in 2023 — one in April and the other in November — which resulted in explosions. The April explosion caused major damage to the launch structure in the state of Texas. SpaceX has said it has been examining the issues related to the explosions and plans to carry out another test of Starship as soon as possible. But it will have to wait until the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) completes its investigation of the launch site damage and approves a new test. 1. What is the main purpose of ESA’s Hera mission? A. To explore a new asteroid system. B. To collect data on the Didymos system. C. To return to the moon for further research. D. To measure the effects of a previous spacecraft crash. 2. Which statement about Boeing’s Starliner test flight is true? A. It will be launched in October 2024. B. It has already completed its first crewed flight test. C. NASA has set a specific launch date for the crewed flight. D. Boeing has encountered technical difficulties during its test flights. 3. What happened to SpaceX’s Starship during its tests in 2023? A. It successfully completed two test flights. B. It experienced explosions during both tests. C. The first test was successful, but the second failed. D. The April test caused minor damage to the launch structure. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2024年的四个太空任务。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“ESA’s Hera mission”下面的“Hera is designed to collect data on the targeted system, called Didymos.(“赫拉”旨在收集目标系统Didymos的数据)”可知，“赫拉”的任务是收集Didymos系统的数据。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Boeing’s Starliner test flight”下面的“NASA and Boeing have said they plan to launch the first crewed test flight of the company’s Starliner spacecraft. NASA says it is targeting May 2024 to have Starliner ready for flight. The launch date is to be set later.(美国国家航空航天局和波音公司表示，他们计划发射该公司“星际客船”航天器的首次载人试飞。美国国家航空航天局表示，其目标是在2024年5月让“星际客船”做好飞行准备。发射日期将稍后确定)”可知，“星际客船”航天器的发射日期还没有确定，载人试飞还没有完成，所以A、B两项错误；根据“But Boeing has experienced several technical difficulties with Starliner during the mission and has worked with NASA to fix the problems as it prepares for the planned crewed flight.(但波音公司在执行任务期间遇到了“星际客船”的几个技术困难，并在为计划中的载人飞行做准备时，已经与美国国家航空航天局合作，以便解决这些问题)”可知，NASA还没有为载人飞行设定具体日期，波音公司在试飞时遇到了几个技术困难，所以C项错误，D项正确。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“SpaceX Starship test”下面的“SpaceX experienced two failed Starship tests in 2023 — one in April and the other in November — which resulted in explosions.(SpaceX在2023年经历了两次失败的“星舰”测试——一次是在4月，另一次是11月——导致了爆炸)”可知，2023年SpaceX的两次“星舰”测试都爆炸了。故选B。 B As a writer specializing in psychology, I've come across hundreds of evidence-based tips for better thinking. Few have proven as useful to me as the ancient strategy of illeism. Put simply, illeism is the practice of talking about oneself in the third person, rather than the first person. The rhetorical device (修辞手法) is often used by politicians to try to give their words an air of objectivity. In his account of the Gallic War, for example, the emperor Julius Caesar wrote “Caesar avenged the public” rather than “I avenged the public”. To the modern ear, illeism can sound a little silly or pompous. Yet recent psychological research suggests that illeism can bring some real cognitive benefits. If we are trying to make a difficult decision, speaking about ourselves in the third person can help to neutralise the emotions that could lead our thinking off the right way, allowing us to find a wiser solution to our problem. When making personal choices, we become too immersed (沉浸于) in our emotions, which cloud our thinking and prevent us from dealing with our issues objectively. If I have received negative feedback from a colleague, for example, my feeling of embarrassment might lead me to become overly self- defensive. I might therefore abandon their opinions without considering whether their advice could be helpful in the long term. By switching to the third person, our descriptions of the situation will start to sound as if we are talking about someone else rather than ourselves. This sense of detachment (超脱) would allow us to see the bigger picture, rather than getting caught up in our own feelings. By encouraging us to deal with our problems objectively, the use of illeism may also help us to have a more balanced response to daily stresses. 4. What is illeism according to the passage? A. Mentioning others in the third person. B. Referring to oneself in the third person. C. Talking about oneself in the first person. D. Speaking about others in the first person. 5. Why do politicians often use illeism in their speeches? A. To make their words more emotional. B. To make their language more complex. C. To add a sense of humor to their speeches. D. To make their statements sound objective. 6. What benefit of illeism does recent psychological research highlight? A. It increases people's self- confidence. B. It improves people's physical health. C. It aids in seeking for better approaches. D. It helps people make decisions more quickly. 7. How can illeism help when we deal with personal choices and emotions? A. By making us feel less embarrassed. B. By encouraging us to be more defensive. C. By making us ignore our emotions. D. By allowing us to take a broader view. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于“（过多地）使用第三人称自称”的探讨，包括其定义、用法、心理效应及其在科学上的解释。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Put simply, illeism is the practice of talking about oneself in the third person, rather than the first person.( 简单地说，illeism就是用第三人称而不是第一人称谈论自己的行为。)”可知，illeism是用第三人称指代自己。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The rhetorical device (修辞手法) is often used by politicians to try to give their words an air of objectivity. (政客们经常使用这种修辞手法，以使他们的话显得客观。)”可知，政客们使用“（过多地）使用第三人称自称”是为了让他们的陈述听起来更加客观。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Yet recent psychological research suggests that illeism can bring some real cognitive benefits. If we are trying to make a difficult decision, speaking about ourselves in the third person can help to neutralise the emotions that could lead our thinking off the right way, allowing us to find a wiser solution to our problem.”(然而，最近的心理学研究表明，“（过多地）使用第三人称自称”行为可以带来一些真正的认知益处。如果我们正试图做出一个困难的决定，用第三人称谈论自己可以帮助中和可能导致我们偏离正确思路的情绪，让我们找到一个更明智的解决问题的方法。)”可知，“（过多地）使用第三人称自称”能够通过帮助找到更明智的解决方案来改善思维方式。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“By switching to the third person, our descriptions of the situation will start to sound as if we are talking about someone else rather than ourselves. This sense of detachment (超脱) would allow us to see the bigger picture, rather than getting caught up in our own feelings.( 通过切换到第三人称，我们对情况的描述将开始听起来好像我们在谈论别人而不是我们自己。这种超然的感觉会让我们看到更广阔的视野，而不是陷入自己的感觉)”可知，“（过多地）使用第三人称自称”可以让我们更加客观地看待问题，看到更广阔的视野。故选D。 C In recent years, some researchers have been exploring the possibility of so-called “automated valet parking”, a function that would allow a car to drive itself from the entrance of a parking to a free parking spot. While this autonomous driving application gathered great research interest, its reliable realization has so far proved challenging. Researchers at Mach Drive in Shanghai recently developed OCEAN, an Openspace Collision-freE trAjectory plaNner for the autonomous parking of vehicles. This planner was found to significantly improve the ability of cars to safely reach a parking spot, without colliding (碰撞) with objects on the way. It was designed to overcome the two primary shortcomings of approaches presented in previous studies tackling autonomous parking. The first of these is the inability to accurately predict collisions, while the second involves poor performance in real-time tests. The OCEAN planner builds on a previously introduced approach called Hybrd Optimization-based Collision Avoidance (H-OBCA), dealing with its primary limitations. Its improved design ultimately improves its ability to avoid collisions, along with its stability and speed in real time. “To avoid collisions, we have redesigned a simpler mathematical model and found a method to deal with the problem, making the solution process faster and more efficient,” Wang, Lu and their colleagues wrote in their paper. They tested their planner on hundreds of simulated (模拟的) scenes and conducted real-world experiments in public parking areas. Their results were highly promising, as OCEAN was found to outperform a variety of methods for autonomous parking applications. “Results show that the proposed method has better system performance compared with other standards,” Wang, Lu and his colleagues explained in their paper. “Our method makes it possible to deploy (部署) large-scale parking planner on low computing power platforms that require real-time performance.” The planner developed by this team of researchers could be improved and tested in additional real-world trials. In the future, it could be deployed by car-making firms, contributing to the introduction of automated vehicle parking technologies. 8. What is the main function of OCEAN? A. To help the car find a free parking spot faster. B. To drive the car from the entrance to the exit of a parking lot. C. To enhance the car’s ability to arrive at a parking spot safely. D. To predict the number of the free parking spots in a parking lot. 9. Two primary shortcomings of previous approaches to autonomous parking are _________. A. high cost and complex operation. B. limited application range and high energy consumption. C. inability to accurately predict collisions and poor real-time performance. D. difficulty in adapting to different parking lot layouts and long calculation time. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the OCEAN planner? A. Positive. B. Doubtful. C. Critical. D. Indifferent. 11. What can be the best title for this passage? A. The Development of Autonomous Parking Technologies B. Mach Drive: A Leading Company in Autonomous Driving C. OCEAN: A Promising Planner for Autonomous Parking D. Challenges in Real-World Autonomous Parking Experiments 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为OCEAN(Openspace Collision-freE trAjectory plaNner)的规划器，用于车辆的自主泊车。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This planner was found to significantly improve the ability of cars to safely reach a parking spot, without colliding (碰撞) with objects on the way.(该规划器被发现可以显著提高汽车安全到达停车位的能力，而不会与途中的物体碰撞)”可知，OCEAN的主要功能是提高汽车安全到达停车位的能力。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题，根据第二段中的“It was designed to overcome the two primary shortcomings of approaches presented in previous studies tackling autonomous parking. The first of these is the inability to accurately predict collisions, while the second involves poor performance in real-time tests.(它旨在克服先前研究中提出的解决自动停车问题的方法的两个主要缺点。第一个缺点是无法准确预测碰撞，第二个缺点是实时测试中的性能不佳)”可知，先前研究提出的方法中的两个主要缺点是：无法准确预测碰撞和实时测试中的性能不佳。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Their results were highly promising, as OCEAN was found to outperform a variety of methods for autonomous parking applications.(他们的结果非常有希望，因为OCEAN被发现在自动停车应用中优于各种方法)”和最后一段“The planner developed by this team of researchers could be improved and tested in additional real-world trials. In the future, it could be deployed by car-making firms, contributing to the introduction of automated vehicle parking technologies.(这个研究小组开发的规划器可以在更多的现实世界试验中得到改进和测试。未来，汽车制造公司可以部署它，为自动停车技术的引入做出贡献)”可知，作者在讲述OCEAN测试的结果时，用“highly promising(非常有希望)”来形容，并认为这个规划器可以在现实世界试验中进行更多的改进和测试，未来汽车制造公司可以部署该规划器，促进自动停车技术的使用。由此推知，作者对OCEAN持有非常积极的态度。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“Researchers at Mach Drive in Shanghai recently developed OCEAN, an Openspace Collision-freE trAjectory plaNner for the autonomous parking of vehicles.(上海迈驰智行公司的研究人员最近开发了OCEAN，这是一种用于自动泊车的开放空间无碰撞轨迹规划器)”可知，本文主要介绍了OCEAN这款用于自动停车的规划器。由此推知，C项“OCEAN：一种用于自动停车的有前景的规划器”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。 D At Countryside High School in Clearwater, Fla., 16-year-old Sage Waite is already taking a class in cybersecurity, and she’d welcome one that’s in the works on cyber disinformation (虚假信息). “For the longest time, I didn’t actually know what disinformation was,” said Waite, who’s in the 11th grade. “There was always the idea that things could be wrong in what you’re hearing and what you’re being told. But the idea of misinformation and disinformation wasn’t in my day-to-day.” This past year, she says, has been an eye-opener, when disinformation has become so popular. “My friends and I definitely started looking into stuff more and doing more research after that.” she said. A new program on “digital literacy”, with a focus on topics like disinformation, is in preparation, thanks in part to Mike McConnell, who is now working to fight false information aimed at young people. “We need to understand this so we can appreciate what’s happening to us, and be able to not only understand it, but also to navigate through it,” McConnell said. “That’s what I call digital literacy.” McConnell is executive director of Cyber Florida, which is based at the University of South Florida in Tampa. The group works with kids throughout the state at universities, high schools, and even those in younger grades. Cyber Florida helped set up the cybersecurity program now being taught at many Florida schools. The new project, Cyber Citizenship, is even more ambitious. “We think if we can do this for Florida, we can spread it across the nation,” he said. The expanded program which is in the pipeline aims to make digital literacy something all Florida students get, at several grade levels, before they finish high school. There’s no date yet for the cyber disinformation classes in Florida, but computer teacher Jason Felt says it can’t come soon enough and he is ready to embrace it. “The Internet is a wonderful tool. It’s connected us in a way that’s never really been seen before. But it’s a blessing and it’s also a curse.” Teaching students the difference, he says, is a huge challenge. 12. What inspired Sage Waite and her friends to do more research on disinformation? A. Their passion for new technologies. B. Their interest in cybersecurity classes. C. Their participation in a school project. D. Their realization of the popularity of disinformation. 13. What is the main goal of Cyber Citizenship? A. To connect students through the Internet. B. To spread digital literacy across the nation. C. To set up cybersecurity programs in schools. D. To fight false information aimed at young people. 14. What does the underlined phrase “in the pipeline” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Under protection. B. Recently completed. C. Already applied. D. In the planning stage. 15. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The importance of cybersecurity education in schools. B. The challenges of teaching digital literacy to students. C. The impact of the Internet on students’ learning experiences. D. The efforts to introduce digital literacy programs in Florida schools. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了佛罗里达州为提高学生数字素养，特别是识别虚假信息能力而做出的努力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“This past year, she says, has been an eye-opener, when disinformation has become so popular. “My friends and I definitely started looking into stuff more and doing more research after that.” she said.(她说，过去的一年让她大开眼界，因为虚假信息变得如此流行。“从那以后，我和我的朋友们开始更多地研究这些东西，做更多的研究。她说)”可知，Sage Waite和她的朋友们开始更多地研究虚假信息，是因为他们意识到虚假信息的流行。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段“A new program on “digital literacy”, with a focus on topics like disinformation, is in preparation, thanks in part to Mike McConnell, who is now working to fight false information aimed at young people. “We need to understand this so we can appreciate what’s happening to us, and be able to not only understand it, but also to navigate through it,” McConnell said. “That’s what I call digital literacy.”(一个关于“数字素养”新项目正在筹备中，重点关注虚假信息等话题，这在一定程度上要归功于迈克·麦康奈尔（Mike McConnell），他目前正在努力打击针对年轻人的虚假信息。麦康奈尔说：“我们需要了解这一点，这样我们才能理解发生在我们身上的事情，不仅能够理解它，而且能够驾驭它。”“这就是我所说的数字素养。”)”和第四段中“Cyber Florida helped set up the cybersecurity program now being taught at many Florida schools. The new project, Cyber Citizenship, is even more ambitious. “We think if we can do this for Florida, we can spread it across the nation,” he said.(Cyber Florida帮助建立了网络安全项目，现在许多佛罗里达学校都在教授这个项目。这个名为“网络公民”的新项目甚至更加雄心勃勃。他说：“我们认为，如果我们能在佛罗里达州做到这一点，我们就能在全国推广。”)”可知，Cyber Citizenship的主要目标是在全国范围内推广数字素养。故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第五段中“The expanded program which is in the pipeline aims to make digital literacy something all Florida students get, at several grade levels, before they finish high school. There’s no date yet for the cyber disinformation classes in Florida, but computer teacher Jason Felt says it can’t come soon enough and he is ready to embrace it.(这个扩大的项目in the pipeline，目的是让所有佛罗里达州的学生在高中毕业之前，在不同的年级掌握数字素养。佛罗里达州开设网络虚假信息课程的日期尚未确定，但计算机教师杰森·费尔特（Jason Felt）表示，这一课程不会很快到来，他已经准备好接受它。)”可知，佛罗里达州的网络虚假信息课程还没有确定日期，但计算机老师Jason Felt认为它来得越快越好，他已经做好了接受的准备，因此可推断出，in the pipeline在此处意为“在计划阶段”。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第一段中“At Countryside High School in Clearwater, Fla., 16-year-old Sage Waite is already taking a class in cybersecurity, and she’d welcome one that’s in the works on cyber disinformation (虚假信息).(在佛罗里达州克利尔沃特的乡村高中。美国16岁的Sage Waite已经在学习网络安全课程了，她很希望能有一门关于网络虚假信息的课程。)”以及后文对佛罗里达州数字素养课程的介绍可知，文章主要讲述了在佛罗里达州学校引入数字素养课程的努力。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Snakes are the last thing you want to find in your yard or garden, much less in your house. Unfortunately, there's no surefire way to keep snakes away from your building. But don't despair. ____16____. Keep the area around your house clear of overgrown bushes and grass Homeowners should start by keeping their grass at a short or reasonable length. Snakes are cautious about moving across trimmed bushes and grass as these expose them to predators. ____17____. Get rid of hiding spots Reduce or get rid of places where snakes like to hide. One such place is under bushes. Also, ground-cover plants offer hiding places for snakes. ____18____. Another landscape feature to note is large rocks piled together. Avoid these as they are great hiding and cooling places for snakes. ____19____ Homeowners need to check the foundation for possible snake entry points. Snakes will enter under your house if they can. Make sure to seal any cracks or openings a snake could fit through. Doors can also be an access point for snakes. Block these openings. Remove sources of food Snakes are carnivores that eat meat, so they look for mice, rats and even birds. There are steps homeowners can take to avoid attracting these animals and, in turn, snakes. ____20____. This will attract the animals, which will then attract the snakes. It's fine to feed your pets outdoors, just remember to remove any uneaten food. A. Seal off entrances to the house B. How to handle a snake encounter C. There are measures that you can take D. One is to avoid leaving cat or dog food outdoors E. Try to limit the use of such plants in your garden F. So it's advisable to regularly trim bushes and grass around your house G. The methods homeowners can use to keep snakes at bay are of two kinds 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了让蛇远离房子的一些方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Snakes are the last thing you want to find in your yard or garden, much less in your house. Unfortunately, there's no surefire way to keep snakes away from your building. But don't despair.”（蛇是你最不希望在你的院子或花园里发现的东西，更不用说在你的房子里了。不幸的是，没有绝对的方法可以让蛇远离你的建筑。但不要绝望。）引出话题，提到蛇是你最不希望看到的东西，以及没有绝对的方法可以让蛇远离你。以及下文具体举例介绍的摆脱蛇的方法，由此可知，空格处内容应为有一些方法可以帮到你。结合选项C项There are measures that you can take.（你可以采取一些措施。）符合此推断，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Snakes are cautious about moving across trimmed bushes and grass as these expose them to predators.”（蛇在穿过修剪过的灌木丛和草地时非常谨慎，因为这会使它们暴露在捕食者面前。）可知，保持你房子周围的灌木和草地整洁是有好处的，结合选项F项So it's advisable to regularly trim bushes and grass around your house.（所以建议定期修剪房子周围的灌木和草。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，符合语境。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“One such place is under bushes. Also, ground - cover plants offer hiding places for snakes.”（灌木丛下就是这样一个地方。此外，地被植物也为蛇提供了藏身之处。）由此可知，空格处内容应为不要让灌木丛和地被植物出现在花园里。结合选项E项Try to limit the use of such plants in your garden.（尽量限制这类植物在花园里的使用。）符合此推断，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选E项。 【19题详解】 由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Homeowners need to check the foundation for possible snake entry points. Snakes will enter under your house if they can. Make sure to seal any cracks or openings a snake could fit through. Doors can also be an access point for snakes. Block these openings.”（房主需要检查地基上可能的蛇入口。如果可能，蛇会从你的房子下面爬进来。确保所有能让蛇通过的裂缝或开口都封上。门也可能是蛇的入口。堵住这些开口。）可知，主要讲的是封堵蛇的入口。结合选项A项Seal off entrances to the house.（封锁房子的入口。）和该段主旨意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“There are steps homeowners can take to avoid attracting these animals and, in turn, snakes.”（房主可以采取一些措施来避免吸引这些动物，进而吸引蛇。）提到采取一些措施来避免吸引这些动物。以及下文“This will attract the animals, which will then attract the snakes.”（这将吸引动物，然后再吸引蛇。）结合选项D项One is to avoid leaving cat or dog food outdoors.（一是避免将猫粮或狗粮留在户外。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选D项。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 1996, at the age of 27, Wil Smith began his academic journey as a freshman at Maine’s Bowdoin College, shortly after he had ____21____ his service in the Navy. Despite the challenges, he ____22____ himself and his one-year-old daughter, Olivia, for this new chapter in their lives. Years later, now a teenager, Olivia sat with her father to ____23____ on their shared experiences during those “college years”. “You weren’t part of my original plan as a ____24____,” Wil admitted to Olivia. “I had a feeling that if Bowdoin College knew about you, they might not let me enroll. ____25____, I kept it a secret.” To ____26____ ends meet, Wil took on a job at a local store, working the night shift as a cleaner. “There were times I had to bring you to work and ____27____ you in the closet,” Wil laughed, recalling. “The stress and lack of food probably caused me to ____28____ around 27 pounds. I couldn’t afford enough for both of us. ” He continued, “My basketball teammates were the first to help babysit. I’d ____29____ returning from class to find four big guys and an 18-month-old causing chaos in the room.” Olivia inquired, “Did you ever feel _____30_____ about bringing me to class?” “It was a bit awkward,” Wil confessed. “Sometimes, the _____31_____ way to cope was to come in, see you _____32_____, and then return to my studies.” In 2000, Wil _____33_____ from Bowdoin, and on that memorable day, all his classmates rose to give him a standing applause. “I recall walking with you, my head resting on your shoulder,” Olivia said with a _____34_____. “I truly _____35_____ your strength, and I love you.” “I find my strength in you,” Wil replied. “I always have, and I always will.” 21. A. completed B. initiated C. extended D. considered 22. A. prepared B. withdrew C. proceeded D. risked 23. A. reflect B. depend C. contribute D. predict 24. A. colleague B. roommate C. acquaintance D. classmate 25. A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides 26. A. earn B. make C. achieve D. fulfill 27. A. hide B. find C. liberate D. feed 28. A. gain B. possess C. reduce D. promote 29. A. appreciate B. imagine C. forget D. sustain 30. A. thrilled B. frightened C. nervous D. ashamed 31. A. entire B. special C. terrible D. only 32. A. asleep B. disappointed C. weeping D. studying 33. A. benefited B. graduated C. learned D. retired 34. A. hurry B. giggle C. sigh D. frown 35. A. admit B. increase C. evaluate D. admire 【答案】21. A 22. A 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公威尔·史密斯和女儿回忆大学时光的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1996年，27岁的威尔·史密斯在海军服完役后不久，作为缅因州鲍登学院的一名新生，开始了他的学术之旅。A. completed结束；B. initiated开始；C. extended延伸、扩大；D. considered考虑。根据上文“In 1996, at the age of 27, Wil Smith began his academic journey as a freshman at Maine’s Bowdoin College”提到开始了他的学术之旅，由此可知，此处应表示27岁的威尔·史密斯从海军退役，结束了服役生涯。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临种种挑战，他还是让自己和一岁的女儿奥利维亚做好了迎接人生新篇章的准备。A. prepared准备；B. withdrew提取；C. proceeded继续进行；D. risked冒风险。根据句意以及下文“and his one-year-old daughter, Olivia, for this new chapter in their lives”可知，此处应表示他还是让自己和一岁的女儿奥利维亚做好了迎接人生新篇章的准备。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，现在已经是十几岁的奥利维亚和她的父亲坐在一起，回忆他们在“大学时代”的共同经历。A. reflect仔细思考；B. depend依靠；C. contribute贡献；D. predict预测。根据下文“their shared experiences during those “college years”.”可知，此处应表示奥利维亚和她的父亲坐在一起，回忆他们在“大学时代”的共同经历。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔向奥利维亚承认：“你不在我作为室友的最初计划中。”A. colleague同事；B. roommate室友；C. acquaintance熟人；D. classmate同学。根据上文“shared experiences during those “college years”.”可推知，此处应表示威尔一开始没打算让女儿做自己的室友。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，我保守了这个秘密。A. However然而；B. Otherwise否则；C. Therefore因此；D. Besides此外。根据上文提到的威尔一开始没打算让女儿做自己的室友，可知，此处应表示因此，威尔保守了这个秘密。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了维持生计，威尔在当地一家商店找了一份夜班清洁工的工作。A. earn挣钱；B. make使得；C. achieve获得；D. fulfill实现。根据下文“Wil took on a job at a local store, working the night shift as a cleaner”提到威尔在当地一家商店找了一份夜班清洁工的工作，由此可知，此处应表示为了维持生计，威尔找了一份工作。make ends meet“使收支平衡”。故选B项。 27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“有好几次我不得不带你去上班，把你藏在壁橱里，”威尔笑着回忆道。A. hide躲藏；B. find发现；C. liberate解放；D. feed喂养。根据上文“There were times I had to bring you to work”以及上下文语境可知，此处应表示好几次威尔把女儿带去上班，把女儿藏在壁橱里。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：压力和缺乏食物可能导致我减掉了大约27磅。A. gain获得；B. possess拥有；C. reduce减少；D. promote促进。根据上文“The stress and lack of food”可知，此处应表示压力和缺乏食物可能导致我减掉了大约27磅。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想象着放学回来发现四个大家伙和一个18个月大的孩子在教室里制造混乱。A. appreciate欣赏；B. imagine想象；C. forget忘记；D. sustain维持。根据下文“…returning from class to find four big guys and an 18-month-old causing chaos in the room.”可知，此处应表示威尔想象着放学回来发现四个大家伙和一个18个月大的孩子在教室里制造混乱。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：奥利维亚问：“你带我来上课有没有感到羞愧吗？A. thrilled激动的；B. frightened害怕的；C. nervous紧张的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文“It was a bit awkward”可知，此处应表示奥利维亚问威尔是否感到羞愧。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，唯一的应对办法就是进来，看到你睡着了，然后继续学习。A. entire完全的；B. special特殊的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. only唯一的。根据句意以及下文“way to cope was…”由此可知，此处指的是唯一的应对办法。故选D项。 32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，唯一的应对办法就是进来，看到你睡着了，然后继续学习。A. asleep睡着的；B. disappointed失望的；C. weeping落泪的；D. studying学习。 根据下文“and then return to my studies.”提到继续学习，由此可知，此处应表示看到你睡着了，然后继续学习。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2000年，威尔从鲍登学院毕业，在那个值得纪念的日子里，他所有的同学起立为他鼓掌。A. benefited收益；B. graduated毕业；C. learned学习；D. retired退休。根据下文“…from Bowdoin, and on that memorable day, all his classmates rose to give him a standing applause.”提到所有的同学起立为他鼓掌。由此可知，此处应表示威尔从鲍登学院毕业。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我记得和你一起散步，我头靠在你的肩膀上，”奥利维亚咯咯地笑着说。A. hurry匆忙；B. giggle咯咯地笑；C. sigh叹气；D. frown皱眉。根据上文“I recall walking with you, my head resting on your shoulder”可知，此处应表示奥利维亚咯咯地笑着说。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很钦佩你的力量，我爱你。A. admit承认；B. increase增加；C. evaluate评估；D. admire钦佩。根据句意以及下文“…your strength, and I love you”可知，此处应表示奥利维亚很钦佩爸爸的力量。故选D项。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Black Myth: Wukong has impressed games worldwide ____36____ its breathtaking visuals and compelling narrative. ____37____ (draw) inspiration from the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West, the game, ____38____ tells the tale of a young monkey, immerses players in a rich cultural experience, meant to uncover the truth about the legendary Sun Wukong. This ambitious title is an evidence to China’s expanding gaming industry, showcasing its potential to create ____39____ (globe) competitive games. The game’s success is ____40____ (remark), topping sales charts and gathering millions of views across platforms. Players from different cultures are interested, despite the story’s deep roots in Chinese myths. Up till now, some ____41____ (inspire) to read the original novel ____42____ (understand) the game’s narrative better. However, the game’s cultural depth poses ____43____ challenge for non-Chinese-speaking players, as the plot is complexly woven with the classic tale. Some players find ____44____ hard to follow the story, but that doesn’t stop them from enjoying the game. The game’s impact is evident as it bridges the gap between Chinese culture and the international community, inspiring _____45_____ (curious) and fostering a dialogue about Chinese mythology and literature. 【答案】36. with 37. Drawing 38. which 39. globally 40. remarkable 41. have been inspired 42. to understand 43. a 44. it 45. curiosity 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了《黑神话：悟空》这个游戏横空出世，大获成功。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：《黑神话：悟空》以其令人惊叹的视觉效果和引人入胜的叙事给全世界的游戏留下了深刻的印象。impress sb. with sth.意为“以……给某人留下深刻印象”，为固定搭配。故填with。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该游戏以中国经典小说《西游记》为灵感，讲述了一只小猴子的故事，让玩家沉浸在丰富的文化体验中，旨在揭开传说中的孙悟空的真相。空处位于句首，应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语the game和draw之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作状语。故填Drawing。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意参考上题。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为the game，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：这个雄心勃勃的头衔证明了中国游戏产业的不断发展，展示了其创造具有全球竞争力的游戏的潜力。空处应用副词，修饰形容词competitive。globally意为“全球地，全世界地”。故填globally。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：该游戏的成功令人瞩目，在销售排行榜上名列前茅，并在各个平台上获得了数百万的浏览量。空处应用形容词作表语。remarkable意为“非凡的，显著的”。故填remarkable。 【41题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，一些人已经受到鼓舞去阅读原著，以便更好地理解游戏的叙事。根据时间状语“Up till now”可知，这里表示动作从过去一直持续到现在，并且还有可能继续下去，应用现在完成时。主语some(指人)和inspire之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been inspired。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。这里表示一些人阅读原著的目的是更好地理解游戏中的叙事，这里是目的，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to understand。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然而，游戏的文化深度对非华语玩家来说是一个挑战，因为故事情节与经典故事交织在一起。这里泛指一个挑战，且challenge的发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：些玩家发现很难理解这个故事，但这并不能阻止他们享受游戏。find it+adj.+to do...为固定句型，意为“发现做某事……”，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。故填it。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：该游戏的影响是显而易见的，因为它弥合了中国文化与国际社会之间的差距，激发了人们的好奇心，并促进了关于中国神话和文学的对话。空处作inspiring的宾语，应用名词。curiosity意为“好奇心”，为不可数名词。故填curiosity。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将于11月 15 日在校园内举办一场关于“古诗词鉴赏”的讲座。外教 Peter对中国古诗词非常感兴趣，请用英语写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括： 1. 讲座的时间和地点； 2. 讲座的目的和内容； 3. 发出邀请。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 参考词汇：古诗词鉴赏 ancient Chinese poetry appreciation Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I hope this email finds you in good spirits. I am thrilled to inform you that our school will be hosting a lecture on “Ancient Chinese Poetry Appreciation” on November 15th. The event will start at 8 am in the lecture hall within our campus. The purpose of this lecture is to delve into the depths of Chinese classical poetry, exploring its rich history, unique styles, and profound meanings. Renowned scholars will guide us through a captivating journey, enriching our understanding and appreciation of this cultural treasure. Given your keen interest in Chinese ancient poetry, I sincerely invite you to attend this lecture. Your presence would greatly enhance our discussion and bring a fresh perspective to our exploration. Please let me know by November 10th if you can join us. Looking forward to sharing this literary experience with you! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生的学校将于11月 15 日在校园内举办一场关于“古诗词鉴赏”的讲座。外教 Peter对中国古诗词非常感兴趣，要求请用英语写一封邮件，邀请他参加。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→excited 举行： host→hold 探索：explore→probe into 提高：enhance→promote 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：I am thrilled to inform you that our school will be hosting a lecture on “Ancient Chinese Poetry Appreciation” on November 15th. The event will start at 8 am in the lecture hall within our campus. 拓展句：I am thrilled to inform you that our school will be hosting a lecture on “Ancient Chinese Poetry Appreciation” on November 15th，which will start at 8 am in the lecture hall within our campus. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I am thrilled to inform you that our school will be hosting a lecture on “Ancient Chinese Poetry Appreciation” on November 15th. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] Renowned scholars will guide us through a captivating journey, enriching our understanding and appreciation of this cultural treasure. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In Maplewood High School, honesty was a principle often discussed but not always practiced. Among the students, Emma Turner was known for her honesty. She was diligent , always completed her homework on time, and was trusted by her peers (同龄人) and teachers alike. She was also a model student, often helping others with their homework and organizing study groups. Her reputation for honesty and hard work made her a natural leader in her class. One autumn day, the entire school was excited. The annual science fair was approaching, and the students were busy perfecting their projects. Posters, models, and experiments filled the classrooms as everyone worked diligently. Emma had spent weeks on her project about renewable energy. She devoted herself to various sustainable (可持续的) energy sources, conducted experiments, and created a detailed display to showcase her findings. She was confident it would impress the judges. Her best friend, Max, however, had struggled to come up with an idea. He had procrastinated (拖延) , unsure of what topic to choose, and now the deadline drew near. Max admired Emma and felt guilty for not being prepared. In a moment of desperation, Max decided to “borrow” an older cousin's project and present it as his own. Max was sure that no one at Maplewood would know. The day of the science fair arrived, and the gym was filled with colorful displays, excited students, and curious parents. The air was thick with the smell of poster paint and anticipation. Emma’s display attracted a lot of attention. Teachers, students, and even a local news reporter stopped by to ask questions about her innovative ideas. She felt a sense of pride and accomplishment. As she made her rounds to view other projects she noticed Max’s project. Her heart sank when she realized she had seen it before at a different fair years ago. 注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Emma faced a difficult situation. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Emma took a deep breath and approached Max. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Emma faced a difficult situation. On one hand, she didn't want to get Max in trouble; on the other hand, it wasn't fair for Max to win with someone else's work. If she remained silent, it would go against everything she believed in. Torn between loyalty to her friend and her commitment to honesty, Emma decided to confront Max privately. She knew the conversation would be difficult, but she believed honesty was more important than anything. Emma took a deep breath and approached Max. She gently tapped him on the shoulder, telling him that she had recognized his project. Max's face paled, his head hung in shame. Emma smiled encouragingly, “I understand you were in a difficult situation, but we can't do this. We have to be honest. ” Realizing his misbehavior, Max approached the judges and admitted that he was wrong. Though embarrassed, he felt a weight off his shoulders. The judges appreciated his honesty and encouraged him to try again next year. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾玛因为在科学展览会上展示别人的项目而质问马克斯，并敦促他承担责任。尽管感到尴尬，马克斯还是承认了自己的错误，后来他的正直得到了表扬。这个故事的寓意是要重视诚实和正直。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“艾玛面临着一个困难的处境。”可知，第一段可描写艾玛两难心理活动的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“艾玛深吸了一口气，走近马克斯。”可知，第二段可描写艾玛揭露马克斯的错误行为以及马克斯认识到了自己的不当行为。 2.续写线索：面临着一个困难的处境——两难心理活动过程——走近马克斯——揭露错误行为——马克斯承认错误——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①违背：go against /violate ②.决定做某事：decided to do/ determine to do ③.认出，识别：recognized /knew 情绪类 ①.忠诚：loyalty / faithfulness ②.尴尬的：embarrassed / awkward 【点睛】[高分句型1] If she remained silent, it would go against everything she believed in.（运用了If引导的条件状语从句。） [高分句型2]She gently tapped him on the shoulder, telling him that she had recognized his project.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语以及that引导的宾语从句。） 1-5 ACACB 6-10 ABACB 11-15 BCAAB 16-20 CBBCC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$