UNIT 4 Section Ⅴ “Extended reading”的课文习读环节(课件PPT)-【新课程学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅴ　“Extended reading” 的课文习读环节 目 录 NO.1 精阅读 / 提升阅读“理解力” NO.2 美表达/ 强化写作“基本功” 课时检测 精阅读 / 提升阅读“理解力” NO.1 文意整体把握 Ⅰ.理清文脉结构 name itself headset interact with surgery from all angles destinations fine-tune discourage challenging endless √ Ⅱ.把握主旨大意 What's the main idea of the text? A．The definition of virtual reality. B．The applications of virtual reality. C．The barriers and future of virtual reality. D．All of the above. √ 文意深度理解 (一)阅读理解 1．Which field is NOT mentioned when Frank introduced the effect of VR? A．Education.　　　 B．Medicine. C．Entertainment. D．Sports. √ 2．What is NOT a doctor able to do with the help of VR? A．To train new doctors. B．To clone a twin patient virtually. C．To create robots to perform surgery. D．To cure anxiety or drug addiction. √ 3．Which one is NOT about the application of VR? A．It can help surgeons perform complex surgery. B．It can help people try on clothes and to see products with 360° views. C．It can make students interact with others in a three-D environment. D．It can help players enter virtual environment and play against virtual opponents. √ 4．Which of the following is NOT a barrier to the development of VR? A．Money. B．Time. C．Rate of evolution. D．Limited technology. √ 5．What's Frank's attitude towards the future of VR? A．Critical. B．Casual. C．Positive. D．Passive. (二)阅读表达 1．What does virtual reality mean? It means “reality that is not real”． 2．How does virtual reality work? Wearing a VR headset equipped with sensors and a screen, you are surrounded by three-D images, sounds and other sensory information, which creates a super-realistic effect called “presence”． 3．What's your opinion about the future of VR? Although there are still some barriers which are difficult to overcome in a short time, I believe that the possibilities of VR are endless. 内化读文技法 细读问题，梳理脉络 本文是一篇访谈脚本，通过科技杂志的编辑和虚拟现实领域的专家之间的对话展开全文。一方面，编辑的每个问题都起到开篇布局、承上启下的作用，构成了全文的主要框架，使读者明白语篇的主要目的以及结构特征。另一方面，专家对问题的回答则为读者提供了详实的信息，既有专业的说理，又有生动的例证，增强了文章的可信度和可读性。编辑的提问在文中起承上启下的作用，准确理解这些问题的内涵有助于理清文章的行文脉络，把握主旨大意。 美表达 / 强化写作“基本功” NO.2 (一)赏用词之妙 1．There are a host of educational applications.Academic VR enables students to interact with others in a three-D environment.There are endless possibilities for the subject matter that can be created in a VR system. 赏析：第一句中使用了短语a host of表示数量之多，第二句中则使用了endless来表达相似的意思。首先相比于a lot of、 many等量词，a host of和endless的表达更高级；其次，对相似的意思采用不同的表达方式避免了文章的单调乏味，体现了用词的高度灵活。 2．Indeed we are only limited by our imagination. 赏析：副词indeed及only在此都起到了加强语气的作用，强调了作者对VR发展的乐观心态，认为一切只是受限于我们的想象力罢了。 3．What excites me the most is that young people today are digital citizens who are comfortable with technology. 赏析：excited与the most搭配，写出了作者内心的激动，高级词汇be comfortable with则描写了如今的年轻人对技术习以为常的状态。 [仿写训练]　(完成句子) ①The Tang Dynasty produced , such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi. 唐朝有很多伟大的诗人，像李白、杜甫、白居易等。 a host of great poets ②One of the things that about this type of technology is the possibility of localizing every student, no matter where they live. 对于此类技术，最让我激动的其中一点是，你可以定位每个学生的位置，不管他们住在哪里。　　　　 excites me the most (二)赏句式之高 1．When you wear a VR headset equipped with sensors and a screen, you are surrounded by three-D images, sounds and other sensory information, which creates a super-realistic effect called “presence”． 赏析：本句中出现了状语从句、过去分词短语作定语、被动语态、定语从句等句式，多种语法结构交替使用，展示了作者深厚的语言功底。 2．What if I told you that doctors could create a virtual “twin” in order to practise delicate surgery before attempting it on the patient? 赏析：“What if ...？”常用来提出假设、建议、要求等，意为“假如……怎么办/要是……怎么办”。其后的句子可使用陈述语气(谓语使用一般现在时)，有时根据语境也可以用虚拟语气(谓语使用“should＋动词原形”)。 [仿写训练]　(选用上述句式完成句子) ①I'm feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July, . 我很抱歉地告诉你我不得不改变我们七月份去云南旅游的计划，因为我的一只脚受伤了。 ② in the next half hour? 如果这个问题必须在接下来的半小时里解决怎么办？　　　 because one of my feet got injured What if this problem has to be solved (三)赏描摹之韵(写作手法) The basic definition of VR lies in the name itself, which means “reality that is not real”． 赏析：第一句使用了下定义的写作手法。下定义(definition)就是解释某事物是什么，不是什么。运用这一手法进行写作时，通常是先给出某事物的定义，然后对其内涵和外延作简要说明。 A pencil is on paper.It is of cylindrical shape and about 6 inches long and 1/4 inch wide.At the end there is usually an eraser .Lead is the material _______ on the paper. 铅笔是在纸上写字的工具。它是圆柱形的，长约6英寸，宽约1/4英寸。在铅笔的末端通常附有一块橡皮擦。铅是用来在纸上做记号的材料。 [仿写训练]　(运用下定义的写作手法完成语段) an instrument for writing attached to the pencil which is used in making the marks (四)赏逻辑之巧 It really boils down to three things — time, cost and technical limitations.We will need time to develop and fine-tune the hardware and software.The initial cost will discourage most people in the beginning but that should be fixed over time. 赏析：第一句话是所节选段落的中心句，起到提纲挈领的作用。boil down to意为“归结为，基本问题是”，不用于进行时，常用于主题句的写作中。第三句为but连接的并列分句，后面的分句中使用了被动语态，突出强调了动作的承受者(that，指代第一分句的主语)。被动语态的使用使得上下文衔接更顺畅，语意表达更流畅。 课时检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Museum VR Creates New Ways for Visitors to Explore The National Museum of Natural History, Paris Since 2018, visitors to the National Museum of Natural History have been able to enjoy a fascinating VR experience.De Realite Virtuelle was the first permanent museum room in the country dedicated to VR technology.Once they enter the room, guests enjoy a specially designed programme: Journey into the Heart of Evolution.Here they will discover the links between species and can zoom in on different creatures to learn more. The Renwick Gallery, Washington, D．C. Using a free app, visitors to this museum can use their own device to view the whole views of the gallery, alongside video interviews with the curator (馆长) and some of the artists.Thanks to VR technology, the works by nine leading artists are available to experience in a new way even though the physical exhibition at the museum has ended. Peterson Automotive Museum, Los Angeles Peterson Automotive Museum worked with Microsoft HoloLens to create a new VR exhibition.Visitors were able to interact with a classic American sports car, the Ford GT40.The HoloLens allows visitors to see the car up close.Visitors were further drawn into the experience by the addition of surround sound.While learning about the history of the cars, they could also hear the roar of the engines. The Victoria and Albert Museum, London Fans of the Lewis Carroll classic will be able to “travel down the rabbit hole” into a virtual space.People can join a “trip” into Wonderland without having to leave the sofa.The opening of the Alice exhibition has been postponed until March 2021.But the museum said an at-home, virtual reality event, ahead of the opening, will transport “visitors into the world of Wonderland”． 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个使用VR技术的博物馆。 √ 1．For visitors who are interested in biology, which museum can they choose? A．The Renwick Gallery. B．The National Museum of Natural History. C．Peterson Automotive Museum. D．The Victoria and Albert Museum. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Here they will discover the links between species and can zoom in on different creatures to learn more.”可推测，喜欢生物的可以前往国家自然历史博物馆。 √ 2．What can we know from the passage? A．Visitors to the Renwick Gallery can have face-to-face interviews with the artists. B．Fans of the Lewis Carroll classic can travel down the rabbit hole into a real space. C．Both the Renwick Gallery and Peterson Automotive Museum are in America. D．Peterson Automotive Museum enables visitors to drive the car for themselves. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二个小标题“The Renwick Gallery, Washington, D．C.”和第三个小标题“Peterson Automotive Museum, Los Angeles”可知，这两个博物馆分别在华盛顿特区和洛杉矶，故都在美国。 √ 3．Where is this text most probably taken from? A．A lecture.　　　　 B．A news report. C．A film review. D．A science magazine. 解析：文章出处题。根据文章大标题“Museum VR Creates New Ways for Visitors to Explore ”可知，本文介绍的是新科技VR的运用，这跟科学相关，因此可能出自科学杂志。 B I am a part of the Windward Robotics team known as the Omnicats, one of the many clubs offered at my school.My eight teammates and I started out by watching the robotics qualifiers (资格赛) and finals of Chinese teams.We used these robotics videos for inspiration and drew up mind maps of what our team wanted to do. We met every day for two hours after school in order to build our robots.Typically, adults oversee what students are building, but my school lets teens take control.It leaves room for more errors, but we're prouder of our final product. Before our first real match, a practice one was offered at the actual site.My sub-team had been further along than other teams but quickly fell behind.When that big day arrived, I immediately felt my teammates' nervousness.Our first match was in three minutes.All of us glanced around at each other.It seemed that tons of tasks were waiting for us to handle.Our robot was still sitting in a box.Two of our teammates rushed to take the robot for an official examination as the rest of us discussed our strategy. Our team captain explained that we all should try driving the robot now, while it was early in the season.She gave me the remote.I had only driven for a limited amount of time in practice so I was extremely nervous.Our autonomous code (自动代码) began to run almost immediately after our short discussion.Despite all the drama, we ended up winning the match.Not too bad for the first match! I was so proud.I did not enjoy the pressure of driving but liked building the robot behind the scenes instead. We have transferred to a different type of robotics at the end of the season, which involves the whole team designing one giant robot with large tools.I am a part of the electrical team now, so I make sure the motherboard (母板) can supply the robot's energy needs.We have all enjoyed the rest of the season and learned that robotics is never dull! 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和队友参加一场机器人比赛的故事。 √ 4．What does the underlined word “oversee” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Check. B．Revise. C．Preview. D．Request. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“but”可知，but前后表示转折，but后“my school lets teens take control”讲述了学校让学生们自己掌控，再结合句中的“Typically”可推知，but前讲述的是一般情况下成年人会监督学生创造的东西，oversee意为“监督”，与check(检查)意思最接近。 √ 5．Why did the teammates feel so nervous before their first match? A．They didn't prepare for it at all. B．It was really too difficult for them. C．They didn't make full preparations before the match. D．They didn't know what the match would be like. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的描述可知，在离第一场比赛还有三分钟时，他们似乎有许多事情还没做，他们的机器人仍然在盒子里，其余人在商讨策略时两个队友带着机器人匆忙参加比赛去了，这一切都显得他们准备不足，手忙脚乱。 √ 6．What did the author think of their first robotics match? A．It was tiring but exciting. B．It was stressful but wonderful. C．It was terrible but delightful. D．It was boring but rewarding. 解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的“Not too bad for the first match! I was so proud.”可知，作者认为虽然他们的第一场机器人比赛很紧张，但结果却挺不错。 √ 7．What is the best title for the text? A．Robotics Is Never Dull B．Teamwork for Robots C．A Person Who Loves Robots D．My First Robotics Match 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了作者及其团队如何准备机器人比赛以及比赛前后的事情。故选项B“机器人比赛的团队合作”适合作文章标题。 C AI has advanced significantly over the years.However, its current models largely disregard human psychology, such as emotional intelligence. “The main focus of our work was how we could bring the emotional part of intelligence to AI，” says Saptarshi Das, associate professor at Penn State.“Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate (复制) in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent.There is no real way right now to do that.” Eating habits serve as a prime example of this emotional intelligence.While hunger is the physiological drive to eat, our choices of what to eat are influenced by our sense of taste.As Das explains, even when one is not hungry, the psychological desire can drive him or her to consume a sweet treat, rather than a piece of meat. To grasp the intricacies (错综复杂的细节) of taste, Penn State researchers looked to the human tongue, which translates chemical data into electrical signals sent to the brain's gustatory cortex (味觉皮层)．In this brain region, complex neuronal networks shape our sense of taste.To imitate this, the team created an electronic “tongue”． This technology can be adapted to recognize all primary taste characteristics, from sweet and salty to umami (鲜味)．Looking ahead, the researchers see numerous applications, including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions. The team's immediate goal is to expand the electronic tongue's capacity.“We are trying to imitate the 10,000 or so taste receptors (味蕾) we have on our tongue that are each slightly different compared to the others, which enables us to distinguish between small differences in tastes，” says Das.“The example I think of is people who train their tongue and become a wine taster.Perhaps in the future, we can have an AI system that you can train to be an even better wine taster.” Beyond taste, the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses, leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了让人工智能更好地具备情商，研究人员创造了一种电子“舌头”。这项技术可以用来识别所有主要的味道特征，从甜、咸到鲜味。 √ 8．What can be learned from the first two paragraphs? A．It is necessary to make robots emotionally intelligent. B．It is hard to make robots emotionally intelligent. C．Emotional intelligence is complex and difficult to observe. D．Few researchers pay attention to emotional intelligence of AI. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent.There is no real way right now to do that.”可知，很难使机器人具有情商。 √ 9．What might this electronic tongue be applied for in the future? A．Evaluating people's diet plans. B．Designing a healthier diet plan for people. C．Correcting people's poor dietary preferences. D．Helping restaurants serve customers better. 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Looking ahead, the researchers see numerous applications, including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions.”可知，这种电子舌头将来可以帮助餐馆更好地为顾客服务。 √ 10．What is the team's plan according to the last two paragraphs? A．Improving people's taste sensitivity with the electronic tongue. B．Making the electronic tongue available for everyone. C．Bringing all the human senses into the AI system. D．Attracting the attention of other researchers to AI's innovation. 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The team's immediate goal is to expand the electronic tongue's capacity.”以及最后一段“Beyond taste, the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses, leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system.”可知，团队的计划是将人类的所有感官带入人工智能系统。 √ 11．What is the text mainly about? A．The progress in bringing emotional intelligence into AI. B．The advantage of the “electronic tongue”． C．The future development trend of AI. D．The big role of AI in developing emotional intelligence. 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段并结合全文可知，文章讲的是为了让人工智能更好地具备情商，研究人员创造了一种电子“舌头”，即文章的主要内容是将情商引入人工智能的进展。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 We've been test-driving some new cars recently.I appreciate the clean and simple design inside.For some reasons，many car makers have been shifted from physical controls to touch screens. 12 Instead of lots of physical buttons, you have a single touch screen.You can use it to move between the different controls. The touch screen is a single system for many controls in your car.So simple？Actually, not simple at all. 13 It will always be more challenging to use.It will likely take more time to use for each function.Worse still, the touch screen may also put you at greater risk of being in an accident. In a car with buttons and other physical controls，you can often perform the same tasks without looking. 14 And you most likely receive physical feedback (反馈) through your fingers letting you know you've succeeded.Buttons are probably faster than touch screens.With a button，you reach over and easily get your fingers on it. 15 They may be effective，but many also require multiple attempts to work.If you've ever asked your phone to do something, you know there are still challenges in speech recognition. However, if you need to use the touch screen to control systems in your car，I have a few suggestions.Get your basic setup running before your car is running down the road.If you have a passenger, let that person control the touch screen. 16_ A．But this also means extra steps for each action. B．The touch screen is far more complex than buttons. C．New cars are often completely touch screen-controlled. D．Physical controls have great advantages over touch screens. E．Always keep your eyes on the road instead of the fancy screen. F．You know when your hand is in the right place to use the controls. G．Some cars with touch screen controls can respond to voice commands. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章比较了触摸屏汽车和有按钮以及其他物理控制汽车的区别，说明触摸屏汽车操作起来一点儿也不简单，还可能让我们面临更大的事故风险，而有按钮的汽车操作更快捷。 12．选C　根据空前一句话可知，许多汽车制造商已经从物理控制转向了触摸屏；再结合后面的“Instead of lots of physical buttons, you have a single touch screen.”可推知，空处应提到新汽车为触摸屏，故选项C符合语境。 13．选B　空前提到触摸屏汽车操作起来一点儿也不简单，空后“It will always be more challenging to use.”指触摸屏汽车使用起来更加有挑战性。由此可推知，空处应涉及触摸屏汽车的缺点，故B项“触摸屏要比按键复杂得多”符合语境。 14．选F　空前一句提到通常情况下你可以不用看就能完成同样的任务，根据常识可推知，对按钮汽车而言，人们可以不用看，通过将手放在正确的位置对它进行控制，故选项F符合语境。 15．选G　根据该段最后一句话“If you've ever asked your phone to do something，you know there are still challenges in speech recognition.”可知，空处应涉及语音控制，故选项G符合语境。空后的“They”指代选项G中的“voice commands”。 16．选E　根据语境尤其是该段第一句可知，此处应该会像空前两句一样讲述使用触摸屏汽车时的建议，故E项“应关注道路而不是异常复杂的屏幕”承接上文，符合语境。 $$