Unit 3 Food and Culture Reading and Thinking（课件+分层练习） - 【上好课】2024-2025学年高二英语同步精品课堂（人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit 3 Reading and Thinking分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）根据句意和汉语提示写出单词。 1.New goals are not always_________（一致的）with the existing policies. 2.After the operation you may find it difficult to __________ （咀嚼）and swallow. 3.The two office buildings are __________(有点) alike in appearance. 4.It’s not just a little ________(诀窍) that you can pick up in half an hour. 5.________ （理想的）study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner. 6.They firmly believe that color is __________(基本的) in home design. 7.Literature can be divided into two main __________（种类）：fiction and non­fiction. 8.Organic meat and ________(奶制的) products usually cost more than other products. 9.Although Xiaoshenyang is famous all over the country，he is still quite _______（谦虚的）. 10.They welcomed this move but said that _________(总体上) the changes didn’t go far enough. 二、（2024·高一课时练习）根据句意，用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.At the age of five he showed ________ (exception) talent as a musician. 2.A ________ (vegetable) diet may not provide enough calories for a child's normal growth. 3.It was one of the books that ________ (recommend) at the end of his first lecture. 4.The system works ________ (stable) in practice to improve product efficiency. 5.He ________ (roll) up his jeans, apparently waiting in the pond. 6.It ________ (be) possible but not easy to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830. 7.________ (chew) too fast can cause you to swallow too much air. 8.This is a policy we have pursued ________ (consistent). 9.The hotel is ________ (ideal) designed for country walks. 10.Steve was pretty upset and angry when he found out how he ________ (trick). 三、（2024·高一课时练习）根据汉语完成句子。 1.我受够了点心，我想要一些真正的川菜。 Enough with the ________________， I want some real Sichuan foods. 2.其他热汤包括豆腐脑、米粥和玉米粥。 Other hot soups include jellied ________________， rice porridge and corn porridge. 3.他的演讲充满了引用语。(pepper) His speech ________________ quotations. 4.他们的策略是以最小的代价实现其目标。(minimum) Their strategy is designed to achieve its goals ________________ cost. 5.据称，所有飞往武汉的航班都被取消，直至抗击新冠肺炎取得全国性胜利。(cancel) It was announced that all flights to Wuhan ________________ until the country­wide victory over the COVID­19. 6.他们坚决要求他出席这次典礼。(insist) They insisted that __________________________. 7.有证据表明，高血压在某种程度上是一种家族疾病。(同位语从句) ________________ high blood pressure is, in part, a familial disease. 8.据说这个发电站现在是过去的两倍大。(倍数表达法) It's said that the power plant ________________ what it was. 9.她建议不要在周六开班会。(recommend) She recommended that ________________ on Saturday. 10.由你来告诉我们什么时候将完成这个困难的任务。(up to) ________________ when we will complete the difficult assignment. 知识应用 四、（山东省青岛中学2023~2024学年下学期高二年级期末）阅读理解 “I am so sorry,” I tearfully said to my principal investigator (PI), explaining I would not be able to return to work as originally planned. Before I became a parent, I had assumed a baby would fit right into my academic plans. But now, as the end of my leave approached, I realized I couldn’t simply carry on as I always had. I was worried this decision might signal the end of my academic career — but I felt I had no other choice. Thankfully, my PI had more foresight. He told me I didn’t need to resign and that he could offer me a contract that would allow me to contribute to our project from afar. It proved to be an absolute career lifeline tailored to me. Then five years after stepping back from academia, I felt ready to re-enter more fully. Because I had been able to keep my hand in during my time away, the prospect was much less daunting than it would have been otherwise. I ended up landing a lecturer position that allowed me to slowly ease back in, focusing on teaching and scholarship with research taking a back seat. And when, 4 years on, a senior lectureship position came up in the very group I had left a decade earlier, the timing was right. With both of my children in “big school”, I was ready to really put my foot down on the career accelerator. I got the job. Now, 6 months into my new role, I am happy to be right where it all began, with involvement in so many interesting projects. But what truly made the difference for me was the offer of what I needed during that time away. I hope more institutions and PIs can come up with creative provisions (条款) for those in their workforce who don’t want to give up their careers but want-or-need to take extended periods of leave. And to those who are taking such breaks, or considering it, know that returning is possible. Above all, on both sides: Please do not discount extended leavers. We have a lot to offer — if we are given the chance. 24. What can we learn about the author from the first paragraph? A. Her path to PI began when she became a parent. B. She struck a balance between work and family. C. She had intended to stick to her academic plans. D. She chose to prioritize her career over her family. 25. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “daunting” in paragraph 3? A. Fearsome. B. Realistic. C. Regretful. D. Promising. 26. What contributed most to her success according to the author? A. Academic researches. B. Supportive work environment. C. Interest in the projects. D. Involvement in engaging projects. 27. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage? A. To analyse. B. To entertain. C. To report. D. To promote. 五、（浙江省温州市平阳县万全综合高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末）完形填空 If you walk around the Rahway Trail (小路) in the South Mountain Reservation, you might spot more than leaves, trees and squirrels. Fairies might live among the leaves. Small ____41____ are hidden in the tree trunks and branches — a surprisingly sweet sight in an otherwise normal-looking forest. The fairy homes were not built by ____42____ creatures, but by volunteers. The idea came from a woman named Therese Ojibway, who 10 years ago wanted her son, who has autism (自闭症), to have a safe space to ____43____ in nature. “So, she found this Rahway Trail, now known as the Fairy Trail, and started leaving fairy homes ____44____, so that when they came, he had something they could look for and over time she ____45____ filling it up even more,” said Julie Gould, one of the trail keepers. Ojibway and her son moved out of the area a few years ago, but their fairy trail ____46____. Gould and Kelly, officially asked to become the “Makers and Keepers” of the trail, ____47____ to build little wooden homes for the fairies with volunteers. Kids visiting the Fairy Trail can spend hours ____48____ the nearly 100 tiny homes, but ____49____, they might not see fairies. “We don’t always see them since they’re shy,” explained Kelly. “But really you should see when they ride on the backs of the squirrels…So for us to be able to provide _____50_____ for them is just wonderful.” Still, kids _____51_____ to see the fairies — and sometimes they’re convinced they have. If they don’t, it is _____52_____ a day well spent out in nature. “This is really about a magic al feeling when you come here... it touches your hearts, and it gives you a sense of imagination, _____53_____ and creativity,” Gould said. “That’s how we get paid. We get paid when we get to _____54_____ with the children, who come here and it made their day. This is just a _____55_____ place for them.” 41. A. leaves B. squirrels C. cottages D. kids 42. A. imaginary B. intelligent C. primitive D. tiny 43. A. share B. search C. occupy D. explore 44. A. by accident B. here and there C. in a hurry D. day and night 45. A. admitted B. avoided C. risked D. kept 46. A. faded B. survived C. remained D. twisted 47. A. continue B. struggle C. intend D. happen 48. A. breaking into B. tearing down C. looking for D. setting up 49. A. unfortunately B. hopefully C. unexpectedly D. deliberately 50. A. food B. suggestions C. homes D. privacy 51. A. manage B. pretend C. hesitate D. attempt 52. A. hardly B. actually C. likely D. still 53. A. justice B. identity C. accomplishment D. wonder 54. A. negotiate B. reason C. interact D. compete 55. A. magical B. typical C. secret D. temporary 六、（上海市南洋模范中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期末）语法填空 Does City Living Hurt Mental Health? People often move to cities___1___better jobs and more cultural activities. But are they putting___2___at risk? Maybe. Experts at the American Psychiatry Association say that “natural environments or green spaces” do much for good our mental health and___3___(experience) nature helps people recover from the mental tiredness that comes from day-to-day work. On the other hand,___4___they cannot say exactly why, mental health experts say some research suggests that city living might hurt our mental health. Andrea Mechelli is a doctor with the Institute of Psychiatry at Kings College, London. “There have been studies___5___people weretaken out of an urban environment into a rural environment, and theirsymptomswould improve. And we also see that the greater the city the greater the risk.” Kings College researchers, along with city planners and land and building designers hoped___6___(learn) more about city living and mental illness. So, they created asmartphone appcalled Urban Mind. They say they wanted to understand___7___different parts of the urban environment affect mental wellbeing. The Urban Mind app___8___your experience of city living in the moment. Researchers collected real time information from 108 people, who answered just over 3,000 questions during a one-week period. The researchers found that being outdoors, seeing trees, hearing birdsong, seeing the sky, and feeling in contact with nature___9___(associate)with higher levels of mental well-being.They also found that these seeming effects of nature were especially strong in those individuals at greater risk of mental health problems. The Urban Mind Project team says it hopes “the results will inform future urban planning and social policy___10___(intend) to improve design and health” 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Unit 3 Food and Culture Reading and Thinking 新人教选择性必修二 目 录 Lead-in While-reading Pre-reading Post-reading Learning objectives: At the end of this lesson, students are able to: 1. Read about the culture and cuisine by reading the article and pictures; 2. Understand the structure and the writing style of the passage well; 3. Learn some reading strategies and basic information by scanning and skimming; 4. Build up cultural confidence and spread Chinese food and culture to the world. Lead-in： How many kinds of cuisines in China? Anhui cuisine(徽菜) Jiangsu cuisine(苏菜) Zhejiang cuisine(浙菜) Hunan cuisine(湘菜) Sichuan cuisine(川菜) Shandong cuisine(鲁菜) Canton cuisine(粤菜) Fujian cuisine(闽菜) The eight traditional Chinese cuisines Lead-in： How many kinds of Chinese cuisine are there ? 八大 菜系 Shandong(鲁菜)(fresh and salty), Sichuan(川菜)(hot from chillies and peppercorns)， Jiangsu(苏菜)(soft texture, a little sweet)， Cantonese(粤菜) (mild and slightly sweet)， Fujian(闽菜)(umami taste, light)， Zhejiang(浙菜)(fresh flavours, soft texture)， Hunan(湘菜)(dry hot) Anhui(徽菜)(fresh herbs, oily colourful). Lead-in： Why are there so many cuisines in China? Different regions Different weather conditions Different cultures cause effect Different histories … Fuzhou Pre-reading： Why does the author use “culture and cuisine” as the title instead of “culture and food”? Culture and Cuisine initial rhyme Q：What is the function of this rhetorical device(修辞手法)? A. Make the title catchy(悦耳易记的) B. Enhance the rhythm C. Present the beauty of language D. All the above. √ Pre-reading： Why does the author use “culture and cuisine” as the title instead of “culture and food”? Culture and Cuisine initial rhyme 活传奇： 酸酸甜甜： 首先： 安然无恙： 傲慢与偏见：Pride and Prejudice 理智与情感：Sense and Sensibility More examples Living Legends sour and sweet first and foremost safe and sound What will be talked about? culture and cuisine Guessing: What is the relationship between culture and cuisine? food cooked in a certain way Each food represents a culture Prediction Pre-reading： Prediction Title： Pictures： Main idea：It’s about the __________ between ______and_________. food culture Culture and Cuisine connection While-reading： How many places and food are mentioned in the passage? America Beijing Shandong Xinjiang Guangdong Henan While-reading： Which of the following shows the structure of the text? A. B. C. D. How is the passage developed? Topic: You are what you eat Chinese food in America Chinese food in Beijing Chinese food in Shangdong Chinese food in Xinjiang Chinese food in Gunagdong& Henan Conclusion: culture and cuisine go hand in hand General（总） Particular（分） General（总） Part 1 (para 1): Introduction of the topic: you are what you eat. Part 2 (paras 2-6): My different experiences with Chinese food. Part 3 (para7): Conclusion: culture and cuisine go hand in hand. Read for structures Para. 1 You are _____________. Para. 2 Chinese food in __________. Para. 3 Chinese food in __________. Para. 4 Chinese food in __________. Para. 5 Chinese food in __________. Para. 6 Chinese food in ____________ ______________. Para. 7 Culture and cuisine _____________. what you eat America Beijng Shangdong Xinjiang Guangdong and Henan go hand in hand While-reading： Paragraph 1 The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.” Put more simply, this means “You are what you eat.” Most people today relate this saying to healthy eating. However, Brillat-Savarin was referring to our personality, character and culture. Q1.What’s the purpose of the author using the quote in Para1? Q2. “You are what you eat.” What does the quote mean? To introduce the topic. It means that the kind of food we eat tells something about our personality, character, and culture. Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are. — Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin Junk food fatter healthy food slimmer The saying means that the kind of food we eat tells something about our personality, character, and culture. Certainly, in many ways this seems to be true. Chinese cuisine is a case in point. Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. For example, America’s most popular Chinese dish is General Tso’s chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers. This is probably not an authentic Chinese recipe, however, it cannot tell us much about the Chinese. On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans. It tells us, for example, that Americans love bold, simple flavours. And, since the dish was also invented recently, it tells us that Americans are not afraid to try new foods. Q1. What is the most popular Chinese food in America? Q2. Is it an authentic(真正的) Chinese food? Why? Q3. What can the dish tell us about Americans? Paragraph 2 No, it had been changed to suit American tastes. It tells us that Americans love bold(浓烈的，英勇的), simple flavours and are not afraid to try new foods. Main idea: the experience with Chinese food in America. Place Kind of Chinese food Typical dish People or culture Read Para. 2 and fill in the blanks. America Chinese food changed to suit American tastes General Tso's chicken Americans love bold, simple flavours and are not afraid to try new food. Para 2 This America Place What Chinese cuisine？ (typical dish) My comments people/ culture General Tso’s chicken Americans are bold, confident and dare to try. “This” refers to fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers not authentic Later I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. When my family and I had just arrived in China, we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend, and finally, we found it. Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. With this, we had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. The food was wonderful and different, but what was even more important was the friendship offered us. Q1. In Beijing, where did the author and the family enjoy the Chinese food? Q2. In the restaurant, what impressive taste did the author experience? Main idea: the experience with Sichuan cuisine in Beijing Paragraph 3 The friendship. Place Kind of Chinese food Typical dish People or culture Read paragraph 3 and fill in the blanks. Beijing Sichuan cuisine dishes with Sichuan peppercorns People there offered them good friendship China Beijing Sichuan Cuisine peppercorns People are _________ . friendly He tasted: _______________ Through the food , he found that : People/ Culture Cuisine/ Comment Later authentic, the best, an entirely new taste, wonderful and different Para 3 We soon moved to Shandong Province in the eastern part of North China. My favourite dish there was boiled dumplings served with vinegar. I observed that family is important to the people there. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China, where making dumplings has always been a family affair with everyone---from the youngest to the oldest---joining in to help. Later, I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions. Q1. What is the favourite traditional dish and famous fish of the people in North China? Q2. What can the dish tell us about the people there? Main idea: the experience with Shandong cuisine in Shandong. Paragraph 4 dumplings and pancakes rolls. Family is important to the people there. Place Kind of Chinese food Typical dish People or culture Shandong Shandong cuisine Boiled dumplings served with vinegar, and pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions Family is important to the people there. Read paragraph 4 and fill in the blanks. He tasted: ________________ China Shandong Shandong Cuisine People think _______is important. family Through the food, he observed that : Soon pancake rolls Chinese green onions People/ Culture Cuisine/ Comment favorite boiled dumplings with vinegar Para 4 Then we moved to northern Xinjiang. Some of our friends were Kazak and Inner Mongolian. These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses. As a result, their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire---usually boiled or roasted meat, such as lamb kebab. Q1. What is the favourite traditional dish of the people in North China? Q2. Why do people living in different places have different kinds of cuisine? Main idea: the experience with northwest China cuisine in Xinjiang. Paragraph 5 cause effect Place Kind of Chinese food Typical dish People or culture Northwest China Xinjiang and Inner Mongolian cuisine boiled or roasted meat, such as lamb kebab These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses so their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire. Read paragraph 5 and fill in the blanks. China Xinjiang Xinjiang & Inner Mongolian cuisine lamb kebab He learnt their lifestyle: _______________________ traditionally wandered the open range on horses He tasted: _______________ Cuisine People/ Culture Then boiled or roasted meat People are _____________________. simple, direct, enthusiastic, broad-minded, etc. Para 5 Our travels then took us to South China, and then on to central China. In each place we went, we experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdong’s elegant dim sum---small servings of food in bamboo steamers---to the exceptional stewed noodles in Henan. Everywhere, the food was as varied as the people. However, one thing is always true: Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness. Q1. What kind of Chinese dishes did the author enjoy in South China and Central China? Q2. What can we learn about Chinese through food? Main idea: the experience with south and central China cuisine. Paragraph 6 Place Kind of Chinese food Typical dish People or culture South China Guangdong cuisine dim sum Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness. Central China Henan cuisine stewed noodles Read paragraph 6 and fill in the blanks. China Guangdong Guangdong cuisine dim sum People there live a(an) _______ lifestyle elegant He tasted: __________ _______________ Cuisine/ Comment People/ Culture Then wonderful, small, elegant Cantonese cuisine Para 6 China Henan Henan cuisine Stewed noodles wonderful, exceptional Cuisine/ Comment People/ Culture People are_________ and _________. friendly kind He tasted: _______________ Place Kind of Chinese food Typical dish People or culture America Chinese food__________ ______American tastes General Tso’s chicken Americans love_______ _______flavors, and not afraid to try new foods Beijing _______________ dishes with______________ People there offered them good __________ Shandong ________________ ____dumplings served with____; pancake rolls _____ with sliced Chinese green onions __________is important to the people there. Northwest China Xinjiang and Inner Mongolian cuisine _______ or ______ meat, such as lamb kebab ...wandered the open range on ______...cook over an open _______ South China Guangdong cuisine _____________ Through food, Chinese people everywhere show_______________ Central China Henan cuisine ______________ changed to suit bold, simple Sichuan cuisine friendship Sichuan peppercorns Shandong cuisine Family Boiled vinegar stuffed horses Boiled roasted fire Dim sum Stewed noodles friendship and kindness Read para 2-6 again and complete the table below At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like. Could we also say, for example, that those who like bold flavours are bold themselves? Or, that those who like spicy food tend to have a hot temper? Maybe. Maybe not. What we can say, however, is that culture and cuisine go hand in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other. Q1. What can the food local people consume tell us? Q2. To sum up the main idea of paragraph 7. It can tell us their region, their life, their preference. Main idea: Culture and cuisine go hand in hand. Paragraph 7 What can the food local people consume tell us? It can tell us their region, their life, their preference and their personalities. Main idea: Culture and cuisine go hand in hand. Read Para. 7 and answer the questions. 2. To sum up the main idea of Para. 7. Post-reading： Match the causes and effects below. 1. The flavour preferences of Americans often differ from those of the Chinese. 2. We had no idea how to order food. 3. These groups traditionally wandered the open range on horses. The chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. B. Their traditional foods are what you can cook over an open fire. C. Chinese food in America is changed to suit American tastes. cause effect Connectors: because, since, as a result, as a consequence, so, thus, therefore，... Read for language Understand cause and effect Understand cause and effect Sometimes two ideas are related to each other by cause and effect. That is, one thing causes something else to happen. Cause-and-effect relationships can be direct. For example, “It was raining, so I took my umbrella.” However, some cause-and-effect relationships are not direct, and some may also have more than one cause or effect. Cause Effect Cause-and-Effect relationship Food Different places Culture ① People live in different places, so they share different local cultures. ② They share different local cultures, as a result, they have different kinds of food. cause effect cause effect Why do people living in different places have different kinds of cuisine? More examples from the text: (cause/effect) (Para.2) (Para.3) (Para.4) (Para.2) The Chinese food is probebly not an authentic Chines recipe, so it cannot tell us a lot about Americans. ___________________________________________________, Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order. ________ _________________. Family is important to the people there. It has become a favourite traditional dish of the people in North China. ___________________________________. Since the dish was also invented recently, it tells us that Americans are not afraid to try new foods. ____________________________________. _____________ In what order is the rest of the passage organized? Time order Post-reading China America Beijng Shangdong Xinjiang Guangdong Henan Place order place clue The passage is organized in the order of __________________ time+place Do you think “culture and cuisine go hand in hand”? Give your reasons. Yes, because so much of a culture is based upon food and how it is eaten and served. No, with the impact of globalization, all kinds of food are available everywhere, so food no longer reflects cultures. In addition, in this fast-changing world, everything is changing, including cuisines. Group-working Imagine that it is true that people's personalities are closely linked to the foods they eat. What does eating the following foods tell you about a person? spicy food vegetarian food junk food seafood sweets chocolate rice noodles onion garlic bacon ham sausage cabbage mushroom bean curd Possibly, people who like spicy food love excitement and new experiences. And people who like junk food like to enjoy life without worrying about the future. Introduce a kind of Chinese cuisine to your foreign friends. Hello,my dear friends.Welcome to China! I will recommend ___________ to you. Because there are a lot of wonderful food, such as_____, … Culture and cuisine go hand in hand. Let me tell you something about culture here. ______________________. OK! Hope you enjoy yourself in China! Thank You ! Reading and Thinking 新人教选择性必修二 null 285277.16 $$ Unit 3 Reading and Thinking分层练习 语言知识 一、（2024·高一课时练习）根据句意和汉语提示写出单词。 1.New goals are not always_________（一致的）with the existing policies. 2.After the operation you may find it difficult to __________ （咀嚼）and swallow. 3.The two office buildings are __________(有点) alike in appearance. 4.It’s not just a little ________(诀窍) that you can pick up in half an hour. 5.________ （理想的）study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner. 6.They firmly believe that color is __________(基本的) in home design. 7.Literature can be divided into two main __________（种类）：fiction and non­fiction. 8.Organic meat and ________(奶制的) products usually cost more than other products. 9.Although Xiaoshenyang is famous all over the country，he is still quite _______（谦虚的）. 10.They welcomed this move but said that _________(总体上) the changes didn’t go far enough. 【答案】 1. consistent  2. chew 3. somewhat  4.trick 5. Ideal 6. fundamental 7.categories  8.dairy  9.modest  10.overall 二、（2024·高一课时练习）根据句意，用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.At the age of five he showed ________ (exception) talent as a musician. 2.A ________ (vegetable) diet may not provide enough calories for a child's normal growth. 3.It was one of the books that ________ (recommend) at the end of his first lecture. 4.The system works ________ (stable) in practice to improve product efficiency. 5.He ________ (roll) up his jeans, apparently waiting in the pond. 6.It ________ (be) possible but not easy to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830. 7.________ (chew) too fast can cause you to swallow too much air. 8.This is a policy we have pursued ________ (consistent). 9.The hotel is ________ (ideal) designed for country walks. 10.Steve was pretty upset and angry when he found out how he ________ (trick). 【答案】 1.exceptional　2.vegetarian　3.had been recommended 4.stably　5.had rolled　6.had been　7.Chewing 8.consistently　9.ideally　10.had been tricked  三、（2024·高一课时练习）根据汉语完成句子。 1.我受够了点心，我想要一些真正的川菜。 Enough with the ________________， I want some real Sichuan foods. 2.其他热汤包括豆腐脑、米粥和玉米粥。 Other hot soups include jellied ________________， rice porridge and corn porridge. 3.他的演讲充满了引用语。(pepper) His speech ________________ quotations. 4.他们的策略是以最小的代价实现其目标。(minimum) Their strategy is designed to achieve its goals ________________ cost. 5.据称，所有飞往武汉的航班都被取消，直至抗击新冠肺炎取得全国性胜利。(cancel) It was announced that all flights to Wuhan ________________ until the country­wide victory over the COVID­19. 6.他们坚决要求他出席这次典礼。(insist) They insisted that __________________________. 7.有证据表明，高血压在某种程度上是一种家族疾病。(同位语从句) ________________ high blood pressure is, in part, a familial disease. 8.据说这个发电站现在是过去的两倍大。(倍数表达法) It's said that the power plant ________________ what it was. 9.她建议不要在周六开班会。(recommend) She recommended that ________________ on Saturday. 10.由你来告诉我们什么时候将完成这个困难的任务。(up to) ________________ when we will complete the difficult assignment. 【答案】 1.dim sum　 2.bean curd　 3.was peppered with　 4.at a minimum　 5.had been cancelled　 6.he (should) attend the ceremony　 7.There is evidence that　 8.is now twice as large as　 9.the class meeting (should) not be held　 10.It's up to you to tell us 知识应用 四、（山东省青岛中学2023~2024学年下学期高二年级期末）阅读理解 “I am so sorry,” I tearfully said to my principal investigator (PI), explaining I would not be able to return to work as originally planned. Before I became a parent, I had assumed a baby would fit right into my academic plans. But now, as the end of my leave approached, I realized I couldn’t simply carry on as I always had. I was worried this decision might signal the end of my academic career — but I felt I had no other choice. Thankfully, my PI had more foresight. He told me I didn’t need to resign and that he could offer me a contract that would allow me to contribute to our project from afar. It proved to be an absolute career lifeline tailored to me. Then five years after stepping back from academia, I felt ready to re-enter more fully. Because I had been able to keep my hand in during my time away, the prospect was much less daunting than it would have been otherwise. I ended up landing a lecturer position that allowed me to slowly ease back in, focusing on teaching and scholarship with research taking a back seat. And when, 4 years on, a senior lectureship position came up in the very group I had left a decade earlier, the timing was right. With both of my children in “big school”, I was ready to really put my foot down on the career accelerator. I got the job. Now, 6 months into my new role, I am happy to be right where it all began, with involvement in so many interesting projects. But what truly made the difference for me was the offer of what I needed during that time away. I hope more institutions and PIs can come up with creative provisions (条款) for those in their workforce who don’t want to give up their careers but want-or-need to take extended periods of leave. And to those who are taking such breaks, or considering it, know that returning is possible. Above all, on both sides: Please do not discount extended leavers. We have a lot to offer — if we are given the chance. 24. What can we learn about the author from the first paragraph? A. Her path to PI began when she became a parent. B. She struck a balance between work and family. C. She had intended to stick to her academic plans. D. She chose to prioritize her career over her family. 25. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “daunting” in paragraph 3? A. Fearsome. B. Realistic. C. Regretful. D. Promising. 26. What contributed most to her success according to the author? A. Academic researches. B. Supportive work environment. C. Interest in the projects. D. Involvement in engaging projects. 27. What’s the author’s purpose of writing the passage? A. To analyse. B. To entertain. C. To report. D. To promote. 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者讲述了自己成为父母后因为无法回到原来的工作岗位而感到困惑和担忧。然而，幸运的是，他们的研究主任为他提供了一份可以远程参与项目的合同，这成为了他职业生涯的转折点。经过几年的休假，作者感到自己已经准备好重新全职工作，最终找到了一份讲师职位。凭借着之前在离开期间的经验，回归工作并没有那么困难。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Before I became a parent, I had assumed a baby would fit right into my academic plans. But now, as the end of my leave approached, I realized I couldn’t simply carry on as I always had. I was worried this decision might signal the end of my academic career—but I felt I had no other choice.(在我为人父母之前，我曾以为有个孩子正好符合我的学业计划。但现在，随着我的假期即将结束，我意识到我不能像往常一样简单地继续下去。我担心这个决定可能标志着我学术生涯的结束，但我觉得我别无选择。)”可知，作者之前认为孩子会完全适应她的学术计划，但现在她意识到不能像以前一样继续工作，因此她感到困惑和担忧即作者本来打算坚持自己的学业计划。故选C。 【25题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Then five years after stepping back from academia, I felt ready to re-enter more fully. Because I had been able to keep my hand in during my time away(在退出学术界五年后，我觉得自己已经准备好更全面地重返学术界。因为在我离开的这段时间里，我一直在工作)”可推知，此处指虽然作者退出了学术界，但是一直没有让自己对学术界生疏，一直在进行工作，让自己对学术界保持着熟悉的状态，因此前景远没有以前那么让作者害怕。故划线词与A选项“Fearsome.(害怕的)”为同义词。故选A。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But what truly made the difference for me was the offer of what I needed during that time away. I hope more institutions and PIs can come up with creative provisions（条款） for those in their workforce who don’t want to give up their careers but want-or need-to take extended periods of leave.(但真正对我产生影响的是在这段时间里我所需要的东西。我希望更多的机构和负责人能够为那些不想放弃自己的事业，但希望或需要延长休假时间的员工提供创造性的规定。)”可知，现在，6个月过去了，作者很高兴回到了一切的起点，在众多有趣的项目中参与其中，但最让其开心的是能够在那段时间离开时得到所需的帮助。因此作者认为最为重要的是支持性的工作环境。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But what truly made the difference for me was the offer of what I needed during that time away. I hope more institutions and PIs can come up with creative provisions for those in their workforce who don’t want to give up their careers but want-or need-to take extended periods of leave. And to those who are taking such breaks, or considering it, know that returning is possible. Above all, on both sides: Please do not discount extended leavers. We have a lot to offer-if we are given the chance.(但真正对我产生影响的是在这段时间里我所需要的东西。我希望更多的机构和负责人能够为那些不想放弃自己的事业，但希望或需要延长休假时间的员工提供创造性的规定。对于那些正在休假或考虑休假的人，要知道，回来是可能的。最重要的是，双方：请不要轻视长期离职者。如果给我们机会，我们有很多东西可以提供。)”可知，从文章最后一段可以看出，作者希望通过自己的经历告诉人们，回归工作是可能的，并呼吁更多的机构和领导提供有创意的设施，不要轻易忽视那些休长期假期的人的能力和价值。因此，作者写这篇文章的目的是促进人们对于这个问题的关注和重视。故选D。 五、（浙江省温州市平阳县万全综合高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末）完形填空 If you walk around the Rahway Trail (小路) in the South Mountain Reservation, you might spot more than leaves, trees and squirrels. Fairies might live among the leaves. Small ____41____ are hidden in the tree trunks and branches — a surprisingly sweet sight in an otherwise normal-looking forest. The fairy homes were not built by ____42____ creatures, but by volunteers. The idea came from a woman named Therese Ojibway, who 10 years ago wanted her son, who has autism (自闭症), to have a safe space to ____43____ in nature. “So, she found this Rahway Trail, now known as the Fairy Trail, and started leaving fairy homes ____44____, so that when they came, he had something they could look for and over time she ____45____ filling it up even more,” said Julie Gould, one of the trail keepers. Ojibway and her son moved out of the area a few years ago, but their fairy trail ____46____. Gould and Kelly, officially asked to become the “Makers and Keepers” of the trail, ____47____ to build little wooden homes for the fairies with volunteers. Kids visiting the Fairy Trail can spend hours ____48____ the nearly 100 tiny homes, but ____49____, they might not see fairies. “We don’t always see them since they’re shy,” explained Kelly. “But really you should see when they ride on the backs of the squirrels…So for us to be able to provide _____50_____ for them is just wonderful.” Still, kids _____51_____ to see the fairies — and sometimes they’re convinced they have. If they don’t, it is _____52_____ a day well spent out in nature. “This is really about a magic al feeling when you come here... it touches your hearts, and it gives you a sense of imagination, _____53_____ and creativity,” Gould said. “That’s how we get paid. We get paid when we get to _____54_____ with the children, who come here and it made their day. This is just a _____55_____ place for them.” 41. A. leaves B. squirrels C. cottages D. kids 42. A. imaginary B. intelligent C. primitive D. tiny 43. A. share B. search C. occupy D. explore 44. A. by accident B. here and there C. in a hurry D. day and night 45. A. admitted B. avoided C. risked D. kept 46. A. faded B. survived C. remained D. twisted 47. A. continue B. struggle C. intend D. happen 48. A. breaking into B. tearing down C. looking for D. setting up 49. A. unfortunately B. hopefully C. unexpectedly D. deliberately 50. A. food B. suggestions C. homes D. privacy 51. A. manage B. pretend C. hesitate D. attempt 52. A. hardly B. actually C. likely D. still 53. A. justice B. identity C. accomplishment D. wonder 54. A. negotiate B. reason C. interact D. compete 55. A. magical B. typical C. secret D. temporary 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. D 53. D 54. C 55. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了位于南山保护区的Rahway小路，被当地志愿者打造成了一个童话般的精灵家园。始于一位母亲为了让自闭症儿子有一个安全的自然空间而创建，现已发展成为一个吸引孩子们的奇妙景点。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：小屋隐藏在树干和树枝中——在这片看起来正常的森林里，这是一幅令人惊讶的甜蜜景象。A. leaves 树叶；B. squirrels松鼠；C. cottages小屋；D. kids孩子们。根据第二段中“The fairy homes”可知，隐藏在树干和树枝中的是精灵的家——精灵小屋。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些童话般的家园不是由想象出来的生物建造的，而是由志愿者建造的。A. imaginary想象的；B. intelligent智能的；C. primitive原始的；D. tiny微小的。根据下文“but by volunteers”可知，精灵小屋是人类建造，不是想象出来的精灵建造的。故选A项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个想法来自一位名叫Therese Ojibway的女士，她10年前希望她患有自闭症的儿子能有一个安全的空间去探索大自然。A. share分享；B. search搜索；C. occupy占据；D. explore探索。根据上文“have a safe space”和第三段中“when they came, he had something they could look for”可知，Ojibway想为患自闭症的儿子在森林中创造一个安全的探索空间。故选D项。 【44题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：所以，她找到了这条Rahway小路，现在被称为“精灵小径”，并开始到处留下精灵的家，这样当他们来的时候，他就有了他们可以寻找的东西，随着时间的推移，她继续建造更多的精灵小屋。A. by accident偶然地；B. here and there到处；C. in a hurry匆忙地；D. day and night日夜。根据下文“over time she 5 filling it up even more”可知，Ojibway女士到处建造精灵小屋。故选B项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，她找到了这条Rahway小路，现在被称为“精灵小径”，并开始到处留下精灵的家，这样当他们来的时候，他就有了他们可以寻找的东西，随着时间的推移，她继续建造更多的精灵小屋。A. admitted承认；B. avoided避免；C. risked冒险；D. kept继续。根据下文“filling it up even more”可知，Ojibway继续精灵小屋的建造工作。故选D项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ojibway和她的儿子几年前搬出了这个地区，但他们的“精灵小径”保留了下来。A. faded褪色；B. survived幸存；C. remained遗留，继续存在；D. twisted扭曲。根据转折连词“but”可知，虽然Ojibway和她的儿子离开了，但她建造的精灵小屋保留了下来。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gould和Kelly被正式要求成为这条小径的“建造者和守护者”，他们继续与志愿者一起为精灵们建造木屋。A. continue继续；B. struggle挣扎；C. intend打算；D. happen发生。根据上文“become the “Makers and Keepers” of the trail”可知，Gould and Kelly成为官方指定的“建造者和守护者”，所以他们会继续建造精灵小屋。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：参观“精灵小径”的孩子们可以花几个小时寻找近100个小房子，但不幸的是，他们可能看不到精灵。A. breaking into闯入；B. tearing down拆毁；C. looking for寻找；D. setting up设立。根据下文“the nearly 100 tiny homes”可知，来到“精灵小径”的孩子们会寻找精灵小屋。故选C项。 【49题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：参观“精灵小径”的孩子们可以花几个小时寻找近100个小房子，但不幸的是，他们可能看不到精灵。A. unfortunately不幸地；B. hopefully抱有希望地；C. unexpectedly意外地；D. deliberately故意地。根据下文“they might not see fairies”可知，看不到精灵是不幸的事情。故选A项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但你真的应该看看它们骑在松鼠背上的样子，所以我们能为它们提供家真是太棒了。A. food食物；B. suggestions建议；C. homes家；D. privacy隐私。根据上文可知，Kelly是精灵小屋建造者，所以他为“精灵”提供家，这是一件美好的事情。故选C项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，孩子们还是试图去发现精灵——有时他们确信自己看到了。A. manage管理；B. pretend假装；C. hesitate犹豫；D. attempt尝试。根据上文“they might not see fairies”和“still”可知，尽管看不到精灵，但孩子们不会放弃，仍然会去尝试。故选D项。 【52题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果没有看到，这一天仍然是在大自然中度过的愉快一天。A. hardly几乎不；B. actually实际上；C. likely可能；D. still仍然。根据下文“a day well spent out in nature”可知，即使找不到精灵，但仍然是愉快的一天。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你来到这里时，这真的是一种神奇的感觉……它触动你的心灵，给你想象力、奇迹和创造力。A. justice正义；B. identity身份；C. accomplishment成就；D. wonder奇迹。根据上文可知，“精灵小径”两旁的树干和树枝中藏有近100个精灵小屋。结合句中“imagination”和“creativity”可推知，这些精灵小屋对孩子们来说，是想象力和创造力，也是奇迹。故选D项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们与孩子们互动时，我们就得到了回报，他们来到这里，这是他们的一天。A. negotiate协商；B. reason推理；C. interact互动；D. compete竞争。根据下文“who come here and it made their day”可知，孩子们来这里探索，“建造者和守护者”Gould和Kelly会与他们互动。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对他们来说是个神奇的地方。A. magical神奇的；B. typical典型的；C. secret秘密的；D. temporary暂时的。根据上文可知，孩子们来这里寻找精灵小屋和精灵，对他们来说，这是一个神奇的地方。故选A项。 六、（上海市南洋模范中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期末）语法填空 Does City Living Hurt Mental Health? People often move to cities___1___better jobs and more cultural activities. But are they putting___2___at risk? Maybe. Experts at the American Psychiatry Association say that “natural environments or green spaces” do much for good our mental health and___3___(experience) nature helps people recover from the mental tiredness that comes from day-to-day work. On the other hand,___4___they cannot say exactly why, mental health experts say some research suggests that city living might hurt our mental health. Andrea Mechelli is a doctor with the Institute of Psychiatry at Kings College, London. “There have been studies___5___people weretaken out of an urban environment into a rural environment, and theirsymptomswould improve. And we also see that the greater the city the greater the risk.” Kings College researchers, along with city planners and land and building designers hoped___6___(learn) more about city living and mental illness. So, they created asmartphone appcalled Urban Mind. They say they wanted to understand___7___different parts of the urban environment affect mental wellbeing. The Urban Mind app___8___your experience of city living in the moment. Researchers collected real time information from 108 people, who answered just over 3,000 questions during a one-week period. The researchers found that being outdoors, seeing trees, hearing birdsong, seeing the sky, and feeling in contact with nature___9___(associate)with higher levels of mental well-being.They also found that these seeming effects of nature were especially strong in those individuals at greater risk of mental health problems. The Urban Mind Project team says it hopes “the results will inform future urban planning and social policy___10___(intend) to improve design and health” 【答案】1. for 2. themselves 3. experiencing 4. though/although 5. where 6. to learn 7. how 8. measures 9. were associated 10. intended 【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文通过围绕在城市生活会影响人的精神吗这个话题展开，研究人员还使用了“城市思维”这个应用程序可以测量人们当下的城市生活体验。研究人员发现了自然环境对精神健康水平有影响。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：人们经常为了更好的工作和更多的文化活动而搬到城市。根据句子意思，人们经常搬到城市，是为了更好的工作和文化活动，这里表示一种目的，故填for。 【2题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：但他们是在把自己置于危险之中吗？也许吧。短语put oneself at risk，表示使某人自己处于危险之中。根据主语是they，故填themselves。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：美国精神病学协会的专家表示，“自然环境或绿色空间”对我们的精神健康大有裨益，体验自然有助于人们从日常工作带来的精神疲劳中恢复过来。因为空格前有and作并列连词，所以后面是一个句子，句中有谓语动词helps，缺少主语，所以experiencing在这里要充当主语，故填experiencing。 【4题详解】 考查连词。句意：另一方面，虽然他们不能确切地说出原因，但心理健康专家说，一些研究表明，城市生活可能会损害我们的心理健康。根据they cannot say判断是表示让步的句子，可以用though/although引导让步状语从句，故填though/although。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：有研究表明，人们从城市环境被带到农村环境，他们的症状会改善。分析句子成分，There have been studies where people were taken out of an urban environment into a rural environment中有一个定语从句，先行词是studies，people were taken out of an urban environment into a rural environment是一个完整的句子，主语是people，谓语是were taken out of，宾语是an urban environment，分析句意可知缺少地点状语，故填where。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：国王学院的研究人员、城市规划者、土地和建筑设计师希望更多地了解城市生活和精神疾病。短语hope to do sth.，希望做某事，to do表示目的，故填to learn。 【7题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：他们说，他们想了解城市环境的不同部分是如何影响心理健康的。根据句子意思，他们想要明白不同的城市环境怎样影响心理健康，how“怎么样，如何”，故填how。 【8题详解】 考查动词及时态。句意：“城市思维”应用程序可以测量你当下的城市生活体验。分析句子成分可知，measure为谓语动词，再根据主语是The Urban Mind app，时态是一般现在时，故填measures。 【9题详解】 考查动词及语态。句意：研究人员发现，呆在户外，看树，听鸟叫，看天空，感受大自然，这些都与较高的精神健康水平有关。The researchers found that后面是一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中，主语是being outdoors, seeing trees, hearing birdsong, seeing the sky, and feeling in contact with nature，所以接下来所给动词为谓语动词，此句时态是一般过去时，且用被动语态，故填were associated。 【10题详解】 考查过去分词做定语。句意：“城市心智”项目团队表示，他们希望“研究结果将为未来旨在改善设计和健康的城市规划和社会政策提供信息。”根据句子结构来看，intend充当policy的后置定语，相当于which is intended to...，表示旨在，故填intended。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$