9A Unit 8 Detective stories Grammar～Task知识点讲义-2024-2025学年牛津译林版九年级英语上册讲义

9A Unit 8 Detective stories Grammar~ Task知识点讲义 重点短语 Grammar 1. 与……有关/无关 2. 是第一个用英文写侦探故事的人 3. 一个破案高手 4. 急着赶公共汽车 5. 卡通剧里出现的一个侦探 6. 受全世界青少年的欢迎 7. 是一个被认为是犯罪小说女王的女性作家 8. 沾满了血 9. 需要会帮助破案的信息 10. 在某方面取得进步 11. 做了一些不为法律所允许的事情。 12. 原来是，结果是 Integrated skills & Study skills 1. 坐牢(无冠词) 2. 富人 3. 在12月28日晚上7点与8点之间 4. 在他姐姐的婚礼上 5. 在回家的路上 6. 在12月28日的上午 7. 你们能想出一些安全策略来保护自己防范犯罪吗? 8. 我们离开家的时候,应该记得把门锁上。 9. 最好做(不做) 10. 独自外出 11. 防范我们周围任何可能的危险 12. 互瞥一眼 Task 1. 发现一条金项链在他的门外/丢了项链 2. 与…·和睦相处 3. . 做某事谋生 4. 下班回家/来到Bruce的家 5. 报警 6. 因谋杀而被捕 7. 检查这些物品提取指纹 8. 被指控偷窃 知识梳理 1. There was probably more than one person who had something to do with the murder.可能不止一个人与这起谋杀案有关。 (1) probably，副词，意为“（很）可能 ”，用在be动词，助动词或形容词之后 如：You're probably right. 你很可能是对的。 (2) have something to do with 和... 有关 have nothing to do with 和... 无关 如：“Did he has anything to do with this case?” The detective thought. “他和这个案件有关吗？”侦探心想。 2. It turned out that he had nothing to do with the case. 结果是他与此案无关。 turn out 动词短语，意为“结果是，证明是” 如：The party turned out to be very successful. 这个派对证明是非常成功的。 It turned out that she was a friend of my sister. 她原来是我姐姐的朋友。 【拓展】和turn有关的短语： turn on 打开（开关等） turn off 关闭（开关等） turn up 调高（音量等） turn down 调低（音量等） turn into 变成 turn A into B 把A变成B turn away转移；离开 练一练：I thought the job would be a success. But it_________to be a mess(乱七八糟)! A. turned into B. turned out C. turned away D. turned off 3. He was in a hurry to catch a bus. 他匆匆忙忙赶公交车去 此处Hurry作为名词，意为“急忙，匆忙” 短语：do sth in a hurry=hurry to do sth 匆忙去做某事 如：Dave was in a hurry to get back to work. 戴夫急于回去工作。 hurry 还可作动词“匆忙，急忙” 短语：hurry up 快点，赶快 如：Hurry up, or we will be late for school. 快一点，不然我们上学要迟到了。 练一练：(1) Franklin told Howe to _________ and take his bath, otherwise, they'd miss their train. A. hurry up B. look around C. run away D. take up (2) Kate was _________ to grow up, eager for knowledge and experience. A.in person B.in danger C.in surprise D.in a hurry 4. No criminal record. 无犯罪记录。 (1) criminal ，形容词，意为“犯罪的，刑事上的 ”。 criminal behaviour 犯罪行为 criminal law刑法 criminal case 犯罪案件 【拓展】criminal n.罪犯，犯人 crime n. 罪；罪行；违法犯罪活动 (2) record，名词，意为“记录” The world record stood for 20 years. 那项世界纪录20年未被打破。 短语： set a record 创造记录 break a record 打破记录 hold a record 保持记录 【拓展】record，动词，意为“记载，记录” 如：Her childhood is recorded in the diaries of those years. 她的童年生活都记在当年的日记里。 练一练：He had criminal record _____ theft. A. for B. with C. on D. as 5. We had better shut all the windows.而且我们最好也关好所有的窗户。 shut，动词，意为“关闭；闭上（嘴等）” 短语：shut up 闭嘴；使（某人）停止说话 如：Just make sure you shut the gate. 你务必关上那幢大门。 【拓展】shut，形容词，意为“关闭的；停止营业的” 如：With the door shut, the room was hot. 练一练：-- Did he notice you enter the room? --I don't think so. He was listening to the radio with his eyes________. A close B wake C shut D open 6. I think we need to guard against any possible danger around us.我认为我们需要提防我们周围任何可能的危险。 guard，动词，意为“保卫，看守”。短语：guard against 防范，阻止（某事）发生 如：The dog was guarding its owner's luggage. 狗守护着主人的行李。 【拓展】guard，名词，意为“保卫，看守”。 on guard 警惕；站岗 如：A guard was posted outside the building. 建筑物外设了一名警卫。 练一练：We should learn to guard _________ some illnesses from a young age. A. over B. against C. with D. at 7. We will go and look him up. 我们应该去看看他。 look sb up 拜访某人 【拓展】look up 还有“向上看，查找”的意思 look up the dictionary 查字典 8. Lestrade and Gregson glanced at each other with an incredulous smile. 莱斯特雷德和格雷森带着怀疑的微笑互相看了一下。 glance，不及物动词，意为“匆匆一看，瞥一眼”，常与at, down, over, through连用。 如：She gave him a quick glance. 她迅速扫了他一眼。 9. Bruce gets along with all of his neighbours except the man who lives next door. 布鲁斯和他的邻居们相处得很好，除了他隔壁的那个男人。 get along / on (well) with sb 与某人相处（非常）融洽 如：Tom didn’t get along well with his classmates. Tom与他的同班同学相处的并不融洽。 练一练：I think they are easy to ________________. A. get on well with B. get on well C. get along well with him D. get along with them 10. The policeman told him that some valuable jewellery had been stolen. 警察告诉他一些价值不菲的珠宝失窃了。 steal，动词，意为“偷窃，偷”。过去式：stole。过去分词：stolen。 短语：steal sth from sb 从某人处偷来某物 Hunger drove her to steal. 饥饿迫使她去偷窃。 练一练：(1) Last week, Andy was arrested_______ stealing things _______ a museum. A. on; at B. at; in C to; of D. for; from (4) Simon was so careless that he had his wallet __________ in the bus. A. robbed B. to steal C. to rob D. stolen 11. You're under arrest for murder. 你因谋杀被捕了 arrest，名词，意为“逮捕，拘留”。短语：be under arrest for 因...而被捕。 【拓展】arrest，动词，意为“逮捕，拘留；阻止，抑制”。短语：arrest sb for 因...而逮捕某人。 如：I arrest you in the name of the law. 我依法逮捕你。 语法精讲 限制性定语从句和关系代词 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：(1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. (2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom)。 关系词常有三个作用：1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1. who指人，在定语从句中作主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，作宾语时可省略。 (1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 【总结】 1. 关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、等句子成分，且作宾语时可以省略。 代替人 代替物 代替人或物 主语 who which that 宾语 whom／who which that 如：(1) This is the doctor who came from London. (2) The book which／that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy. 2. 使用关系代词时应注意以下几点： (1) 如果先行词是all， anything， something， nothing， everything， little， none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。 例如：All that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，much，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that， 不用which。 例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. (3) 先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词应该用that。 例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. (4)当主语是以who 或which 开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，多用that引导。 例如：Who is the man that is talking to Mr White? 例题精讲 用关系代词that, which或who填空 1. This is the film ________ Bruce Lee starred in. 2. Do you know the scientist ________ invented the machine? 3. he village ________ we used to live in is very far from here. 4. The woman ________ is watering flowers is my aunt. 5. Where is the book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday? 6. The watch ________ I lost yesterday is made in Japan. 7. The village ________ I was born in was called Gun Tree. 8. I visited the person ________ invented the important machine. 9. This is the most interesting film ________ I have ever seen. 10. Armstrong was the first person ________ walked on the moon. 课堂练习 一、单项选择 1．The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married. A．whom B．which C．who D．whose 2．The basketball ________ I bought yesterday cost me 80 yuan. A．that B．where C．who D．when 3．What can help the police solve a case or find who is the real criminal? A．Fingerprints B．Footprints C．Blood D．All the above 4．The 29-year -old man was guilty ______theft in the past ,but now he has nothing to do _____this case . A．from ;of B．with ;from C．of ;with D．with ;of 5．The first thing _____my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter A．which B．that C．why D．who 6．Mr. Black is strongly _____ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also have the right to enjoy freedom. A．up B．down C．for D．against 7．The police ______trying to ____who the murderer is A．is ;find B．are ;find out C．is ;work out D．are ;look for 8．Police believe that murder _____9:00 p.m.and 11:00 p.m.yesterday. A．was happened at B．happened at C．took place between D．was taken place between 9．That dog was hurt badly and it bled to ______. A．die B．dying C．dead D．death 10．The kidnapping was _____the morning _____ February 25th,1997. A．in ;of B．on ; in C．In ; in D．on ; of 11．I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we ________ just fine together. A．get along B．get up C．get away D．get off 12．I wonder____his neighbour does for a _______. A．that ;live B．whether ;alive C．what ;living D．if ;living 13．The policeman caught the man _____has stolen  Mr Li’s computer. A．which B．where C．who D．when 14．Ann is so careful that she always goes over her exercises to ____there are no mistakes A．look for B．make sure C．find D．think about 15．Nobody except Mr. Smith and his sons_______ A．knows who she is B．knows who is she C．know who she is D．know who is she 二、首字母填空 In the United States there is a  special hotel ,The hotel lies in a small town near the sea .There are not m___1___people in the town ,but every year ,there are many v_ _ 2_ _and they like to stay in the special hotel . When you go into the hotel,the waiter or waitress will give you a l_ _3 _.The prices of the rooms are on it . But every room doesn’t have a number ,and its name is a person in a famous novel .If you choose a name ,for example ,Holmes (福尔摩斯）the waiter will give you a bookmark .And the bookmark is the key t__ 4_ _the room. After you open the door ,you will feel s__ _5_ __Why? The room is furnished (摆设)just like you are in the novel and you are working with Holmes .On the clothes tree a_ _6 __Holmes’ hat and his black cloak (披风）。On the bed there is a big pipe (烟斗）It looks as if he left a few minutes ago and he will come back soon and you can talk with him in a f_ _7 __way .Of course he will not come back .But you can sit in the room and read some books a_ _8_ _Holmes .It’s very i_ 9 _,isn’t it ? A___10___time goes on ,the hotel is getting more and more popular ,You can see people all over the world in this hotel. 三、选词填空 bleed to death, be charged with,   do something against the law,   lead to ,    break into get along with , turn out , guard against, be charged with , under arrest 1．Too much work and too little rest often___________________________illness 2．I hear that computer engineer____________________as a result yesterday. 3．A burglar ______________a jewellery shop and then ran away quickly. 4．The boss is guilty , Nobody knows he ___________in the past few years . 5．His elder brother _________________robbing his workmate of some money last year. 6．Her brother always ____________his classmates at school . 7．She _________________kidnapping her neighbour’s child over the last year . 8．The man with blood on his shirt is ___________. The police are looking for him. 9．It ___________that he had nothing to do with that case. 10．We have understood how to __________any possible danger around us . 课堂小结 课后作业 1、 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．The coats with blood were those ________(murder). 2．Does the first suspect have _______(crime) record? 3．The soldiers have been moved to another place for______(safe) 4．What’s wrong with you, young man? You are breathing _______(heavy). 5．Guan Dawei is a man of great ________(wealthy). 6．Mr. Smith said that the Earth _______(go) round the moon. 7．I hear somebody ______(call) my name outside the classroom. Let me go and have a look. 8．It is said that the little boy _____(kidnap) last Sunday 9．We’d better _____(not stay) out alone at night. 10．The police ______(find) out some useful clues so far. 二、完形填空 This is a true story.      On a January morning ,Joel with the other three fishermen got on a fishing boat .The first few hours on the sea were not _1_.Then there was a terrible storm .      The storm lasted for 22 days. When it stopped ,they found their fishing nets (网）were__2__The engine(发动机）and the radio didn’t work .There was no food ,and there was no drinking water.      The men talked to each other ,“How can we live on the sea?” Without their nets ，the men couldn’t fish .But they could__3__out of the boat and catch big turtles (海龟）They needed protection(遮挡）from the sun and rain，so they built a simple roof (顶蓬）.The roof __4__rainwater too. The men could drink rainwater__5__the roof .For the next five __6__the men ate turtles —when they caught them They drank rainwater—when it rained .__7__there was no food and no water ,and sometimes they __8__they were going to die soon. Joel wrote a letter to his wife,“My dear Edith ,”Joel wrote .“__9__I die ,I hope someone will send you this letter. Then you will know ___10___I died .I had the best in  life —a great woman and beautiful children. I love you really.” Ten days ___11___,on June 15, a Japanese fishing boat found them ___12___sent Joel’s letter to his wife .He showed it to her himself .Joel will always ___13___the letter .The letter ,he says , ___14___him remember.“ On the sea I found that I love my wife and children very, very much. My family is everything to me .I don’t want to forge__15__.” 1．A．unusual B．unlucky C．quiet D．safe 2．A．broken B．missed C．gone D．left 3．A．leave B．work C．come D．reach 4．A．saved B．held C．got D．carried 5．A．in B．from C．under D．below 6．A．hours B．days C．weeks D．months 7．A．Often B．Only C．Once D．Suddenly 8．A．said B．found C．knew D．thought 9．A．While B．Before C．If D．Since 10．A．why B．how C．where D．when 11．A．later B．a go C．before D．past 12．A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Everybody D．Nobody 13．A．bring B．keep C．take D．remember 14．A．lets B．had C．helps D．hopes 15．A．that B．it C．them D．this 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 9A Unit 8 Detective stories Grammar~ Task知识点讲义 重点短语 Grammar 1. have something/nothing to do with... 与……有关/无关 2. the man who first wrote detective stories in English 是第一个用英文写侦探故事的人 3. a master at solving crimes 一个破案高手 4. be in a hurry to catch a bus=hurry to catch a bus=catch a bus in a hurry 急着赶公共汽车 5. a detective who appears in a cartoon series 卡通剧里出现的一个侦探 6. popular among teenagers all over the world 受全世界青少年的欢迎 7. a female writer who is considered the queen of crime novels 是一个被认为是犯罪小说女王的女性作家 8. be covered in blood 沾满了血 9. need information which will help solve the case 需要会帮助破案的信息 10. make progress in… 在某方面取得进步 11. do something that isn't allowed by the law 做了一些不为法律所允许的事情。 12. turn out 原来是，结果是 Integrated skills & Study skills 1. (be) in prison 坐牢(无冠词) 2. a man of great wealth 富人 3. between 7p.m. and 8p.m. on 28 December 在12月28日晚上7点与8点之间 4. at his sister's wedding 在他姐姐的婚礼上 5. on the way home 在回家的路上 6. on the morning of 28 December 在12月28日的上午 7. Can you think of any safety tips to protect yourselves against came? 你们能想出一些安全策略来保护自己防范犯罪吗? 8. We should remember to lock the door when we leave home. 我们离开家的时候,应该记得把门锁上。 9. had better(not) do sth. 最好做(不做) 10. go out alone=go out by oneself=go out on one's own 独自外出 11. guard against any possible danger around us 防范我们周围任何可能的危险 12. glance at each other 互瞥一眼 Task 1. find a gold necklace outside his door/drop the necklace 发现一条金项链在他的门外/丢了项链 2. get along/on with 与…·和睦相处 3. do sth. for a living=make a living by(doing) sth. 做某事谋生 4. come home from home/come to Bruce’s home 下班回家/来到Bruce的家 5. call the police 报警 6. be under arrest for murder=be arrested for murder 因谋杀而被捕 7. check these for fingerprints 检查这些物品提取指纹 8. be charged with theft 被指控偷窃 知识梳理 1. There was probably more than one person who had something to do with the murder.可能不止一个人与这起谋杀案有关。 (1) probably，副词，意为“（很）可能 ”，用在be动词，助动词或形容词之后 如：You're probably right. 你很可能是对的。 (2) have something to do with 和... 有关 have nothing to do with 和... 无关 如：“Did he has anything to do with this case?” The detective thought. “他和这个案件有关吗？”侦探心想。 2. It turned out that he had nothing to do with the case. 结果是他与此案无关。 turn out 动词短语，意为“结果是，证明是” 如：The party turned out to be very successful. 这个派对证明是非常成功的。 It turned out that she was a friend of my sister. 她原来是我姐姐的朋友。 【拓展】和turn有关的短语： turn on 打开（开关等） turn off 关闭（开关等） turn up 调高（音量等） turn down 调低（音量等） turn into 变成 turn A into B 把A变成B turn away转移；离开 练一练：I thought the job would be a success. But it_________to be a mess(乱七八糟)! A. turned into B. turned out C. turned away D. turned off 答案：B 3. He was in a hurry to catch a bus. 他匆匆忙忙赶公交车去 此处Hurry作为名词，意为“急忙，匆忙” 短语：do sth in a hurry=hurry to do sth 匆忙去做某事 如：Dave was in a hurry to get back to work. 戴夫急于回去工作。 hurry 还可作动词“匆忙，急忙” 短语：hurry up 快点，赶快 如：Hurry up, or we will be late for school. 快一点，不然我们上学要迟到了。 练一练：(1) Franklin told Howe to _________ and take his bath, otherwise, they'd miss their train. A. hurry up B. look around C. run away D. take up (2) Kate was _________ to grow up, eager for knowledge and experience. A.in person B.in danger C.in surprise D.in a hurry 答案：AD 4. No criminal record. 无犯罪记录。 (1) criminal ，形容词，意为“犯罪的，刑事上的 ”。 criminal behaviour 犯罪行为 criminal law刑法 criminal case 犯罪案件 【拓展】criminal n.罪犯，犯人 crime n. 罪；罪行；违法犯罪活动 (2) record，名词，意为“记录” The world record stood for 20 years. 那项世界纪录20年未被打破。 短语： set a record 创造记录 break a record 打破记录 hold a record 保持记录 【拓展】record，动词，意为“记载，记录” 如：Her childhood is recorded in the diaries of those years. 她的童年生活都记在当年的日记里。 练一练：He had criminal record _____ theft. A. for B. with C. on D. as 答案：A 5. We had better shut all the windows.而且我们最好也关好所有的窗户。 shut，动词，意为“关闭；闭上（嘴等）” 短语：shut up 闭嘴；使（某人）停止说话 如：Just make sure you shut the gate. 你务必关上那幢大门。 【拓展】shut，形容词，意为“关闭的；停止营业的” 如：With the door shut, the room was hot. 练一练：-- Did he notice you enter the room? --I don't think so. He was listening to the radio with his eyes________. A close B wake C shut D open 答案：BC 6. I think we need to guard against any possible danger around us.我认为我们需要提防我们周围任何可能的危险。 guard，动词，意为“保卫，看守”。短语：guard against 防范，阻止（某事）发生 如：The dog was guarding its owner's luggage. 狗守护着主人的行李。 【拓展】guard，名词，意为“保卫，看守”。 on guard 警惕；站岗 如：A guard was posted outside the building. 建筑物外设了一名警卫。 练一练：We should learn to guard _________ some illnesses from a young age. A. over B. against C. with D. at 答案：B 7. We will go and look him up. 我们应该去看看他。 look sb up 拜访某人 【拓展】look up 还有“向上看，查找”的意思 look up the dictionary 查字典 8. Lestrade and Gregson glanced at each other with an incredulous smile. 莱斯特雷德和格雷森带着怀疑的微笑互相看了一下。 glance，不及物动词，意为“匆匆一看，瞥一眼”，常与at, down, over, through连用。 如：She gave him a quick glance. 她迅速扫了他一眼。 9. Bruce gets along with all of his neighbours except the man who lives next door. 布鲁斯和他的邻居们相处得很好，除了他隔壁的那个男人。 get along / on (well) with sb 与某人相处（非常）融洽 如：Tom didn’t get along well with his classmates. Tom与他的同班同学相处的并不融洽。 练一练：I think they are easy to ________________. A. get on well with B. get on well C. get along well with him D. get along with them 答案：A 10. The policeman told him that some valuable jewellery had been stolen. 警察告诉他一些价值不菲的珠宝失窃了。 steal，动词，意为“偷窃，偷”。过去式：stole。过去分词：stolen。 短语：steal sth from sb 从某人处偷来某物 Hunger drove her to steal. 饥饿迫使她去偷窃。 练一练：(1) Last week, Andy was arrested_______ stealing things _______ a museum. A. on; at B. at; in C to; of D. for; from (4) Simon was so careless that he had his wallet __________ in the bus. A. robbed B. to steal C. to rob D. stolen 答案：DD 11. You're under arrest for murder. 你因谋杀被捕了 arrest，名词，意为“逮捕，拘留”。短语：be under arrest for 因...而被捕。 【拓展】arrest，动词，意为“逮捕，拘留；阻止，抑制”。短语：arrest sb for 因...而逮捕某人。 如：I arrest you in the name of the law. 我依法逮捕你。 语法精讲 限制性定语从句和关系代词 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：(1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. (2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom)。 关系词常有三个作用：1. 引导定语从句 2. 代替先行词 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1. who指人，在定语从句中作主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或者宾语，作宾语时可省略。 (1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 【总结】 1. 关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、等句子成分，且作宾语时可以省略。 代替人 代替物 代替人或物 主语 who which that 宾语 whom／who which that 如：(1) This is the doctor who came from London. (2) The book which／that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy. 2. 使用关系代词时应注意以下几点： (1) 如果先行词是all， anything， something， nothing， everything， little， none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。 例如：All that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first，last，any，only，few，much，no，some，very等词修饰，关系代词常用that， 不用which。 例如：The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. (3) 先行词中既有人又有物时，关系代词应该用that。 例如：The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. (4)当主语是以who 或which 开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，多用that引导。 例如：Who is the man that is talking to Mr White? 例题精讲 用关系代词that, which或who填空 1. This is the film ________ Bruce Lee starred in. 2. Do you know the scientist ________ invented the machine? 3. he village ________ we used to live in is very far from here. 4. The woman ________ is watering flowers is my aunt. 5. Where is the book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday? 6. The watch ________ I lost yesterday is made in Japan. 7. The village ________ I was born in was called Gun Tree. 8. I visited the person ________ invented the important machine. 9. This is the most interesting film ________ I have ever seen. 10. Armstrong was the first person ________ walked on the moon. 1．that##which    2．who##that    3．that##which    4．who##that    5．that##which    6．that##which    7．that##which    8．that##who    9．that    10．that 【解析】1．句意：这是一部李小龙主演的电影。先行词film指的是物，定语从句“Bruce Lee starred in”缺宾语，用关系代词which或that指代物，在定语从句中作宾语。故填that/which。 2．句意：你知道发明这个机器的科学家么？先行词“the scientist”指的是人，定语从句“invented the machine”缺主语，用关系代词who或that指代人，在定语从句中作主语。故填who/that。 3．句意：我们过去住的那个村子离这里非常远。先行词village指的是物，定语从句“we used to live in”缺宾语。用关系代词which或that指代物，在定语从句中作宾语。故填that/which。 4．句意：正在给花浇水的女人是我的姑姑。先行词“The woman”指的是人，定语从句“is watering flowers”缺主语。用关系代词who或that指代人，在定语从句中作主语。故填who/that。 5．句意：我昨天在图书馆借的书在那里？先行词“the book”指的是物，定语从句“I borrowed from the library”缺宾语。用关系代词which或that指代物，在定语从句中作宾语。故填that/which。 6．句意：我昨天丢的手表是日本产的。先行词“The watch”指的是物，定语从句“I lost yesterday”缺宾语。用关系代词which或that指代物，在定语从句中作宾语。故填that/which。 7．句意：我出生的那个村子被称为桉树。先行词“The village”指的是物，定语从句“I was born in”缺宾语。用关系代词which或that指代物，在定语从句中作宾语。故填that/which。 8．句意：我拜访了发明这个重要的机器的人。先行词“the person”指的是人，定语从句“invented the important machine”缺主语。用关系代词who或that指代人，在定语从句中作主语。故填that/who。 9．句意：这是我曾看过的最有趣的电影。先行词“the most interesting film”指的是物，是最高级结构。定语从句“I have ever seen”缺宾语。用关系代词“that”指代物，在定语从句中作宾语。故填that。 10．句意：阿姆斯壮是第一个在月球上行走的人。先行词“the first person”指的是人，是序数词“the first”作限定修饰的结构，定语从句“walked on the moon”缺主语。用关系代词that指代人，在定语从句中作主语。故填that。 课堂练习 一、单项选择 1．The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married. A．whom B．which C．who D．whose 2．The basketball ________ I bought yesterday cost me 80 yuan. A．that B．where C．who D．when 3．What can help the police solve a case or find who is the real criminal? A．Fingerprints B．Footprints C．Blood D．All the above 4．The 29-year -old man was guilty ______theft in the past ,but now he has nothing to do _____this case . A．from ;of B．with ;from C．of ;with D．with ;of 5．The first thing _____my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter A．which B．that C．why D．who 6．Mr. Black is strongly _____ keeping animals in the zoo, because he thinks animals should also have the right to enjoy freedom. A．up B．down C．for D．against 7．The police ______trying to ____who the murderer is A．is ;find B．are ;find out C．is ;work out D．are ;look for 8．Police believe that murder _____9:00 p.m.and 11:00 p.m.yesterday. A．was happened at B．happened at C．took place between D．was taken place between 9．That dog was hurt badly and it bled to ______. A．die B．dying C．dead D．death 10．The kidnapping was _____the morning _____ February 25th,1997. A．in ;of B．on ; in C．In ; in D．on ; of 11．I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we ________ just fine together. A．get along B．get up C．get away D．get off 12．I wonder____his neighbour does for a _______. A．that ;live B．whether ;alive C．what ;living D．if ;living 13．The policeman caught the man _____has stolen  Mr Li’s computer. A．which B．where C．who D．when 14．Ann is so careful that she always goes over her exercises to ____there are no mistakes A．look for B．make sure C．find D．think about 15．Nobody except Mr. Smith and his sons_______ A．knows who she is B．knows who is she C．know who she is D．know who is she 1．C 【详解】句意：婚礼上拿花的那个女孩将是下一个结婚的。 ​考查定语从句的关系词。Whom指人，作从句的宾语；which指物，作从句的主语或宾语；who指人，作从句的主语或宾语；whose即指人也指物，作从句的定语，后跟名词。根据动词“catches”可推断关系词作从句的主语，而“the girl”指人，故选C 2．A 【详解】本题修饰basketball是一个定语从句，先行词是事物，关系词可用that，故本题选A。 3．D 【详解】句意：什么能帮助警察破案或找到真正的罪犯？考查名词辨析。A. Fingerprints指纹；B. Footprints脚印；C. Blood血迹；D. All the above以上全部。根据句意和生活常识，可知选D。 4．C 【详解】句意：这名29岁的男子过去曾犯过小偷罪，但现在他与此案无关。考查介词辨析题。be guilty of犯有……的罪，have nothing to do with与……无关，都是固定短语；根据句意语境，可知选C。 5．B 【详解】试题分析：句意：我的弟弟今天下午打算做的第一件事情就是写一封信。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分，被修饰的名词叫先行词，连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分：1关系代词：who , whom , whose , which , that 。2关系副词：where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词，which 用来指代物的先行词，that既可指认又可指物。关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语。但在下列情况下一般只用that而不用which ： 先行词本身是all , everything , something , nothing , anything等不定代词时， 先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时，先行词既有人又有物时。故选B。 考点：考查连接词的用法 6．D 【详解】句意：我强烈反对把动物养在动物园里，因为我认为动物有自由生存的权利。 考查介词辨析。up向上；down向下；for同意；be against 反对，against是介词，后跟doing，故选D。 7．B 【详解】句意：警察正在努力查明杀人犯是谁？the police“警察”，是集体名词，作主语时，谓语用复数，故排除AC两项。find找到；find out找出，查明；work out解决，算出；look for寻找。根据宾语从句who the murderer is可知此处表示要查明杀人犯是谁，故选B。 8．C 【详解】句意：警方认为谋杀发生在昨天晚上9点到11点之间。考查动词短语辨析题。between…and在……和……二者之间，是固定结构，可排除前两项。take place发生，没有被动语态，可排除D。根据句意结构，可知选C。 9．D 【详解】句意：那条狗伤得很重，流血死了。考查动词短语辨析题。bleed to death因流血过多致死，固定短语；根据句意语境，可知选D。 10．D 【详解】句意：绑架发生在1997年2月25日早上。考查介词辨析题。the morning有February 25th,1997限制，是一个具体的时间，需用介词on；同时，the morning和February 25th,1997是所属关系，后者需用介词of。根据句意语境，可知选D。 11．A 【详解】句意：我过去常与我的父母吵架，但是现在我们在一起相处得很好。 考查动词短语。get along相处；get up起床；get away离开；get off下车。根据上文“I used to quarrel a lot with my parents”可知，此处是在说以前经常与父母吵架，但是现在相处得很好了。故选A。 12．C 【详解】句意：我想知道他的邻居以什么为生。考查宾语从句引导词和介词短语辨析题。for a living谋生，固定短语，可排除前两项。本句是宾语从句，从句动词do需接宾语，if/whether（是否）是连词不可做宾语，可排除D项。what什么，问事情，代词可做宾语；根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。 13．C 【详解】句意：警察抓住了偷李先生电脑的那个人。考查定语从句引导词辨析题。which哪一个，用于先行词是物时；where用于先行词是地点时；who问人，先行词需是人；when问时间。本句是宾语从句，man是人，需用who引导；根据句意结构，可知选C。 14．B 【详解】句意：安非常细心，她总是检查她的练习，以确保没有错误。考查动词短语辨析题。A. look for寻找；B. make sure保证；C. find发现；D. think about考虑。本句不定式表目的，根据句意结构和语境，可知make sure符合句意，故选B。 15．A 【详解】句意：除了史密斯先生和他的儿子，没有人知道她是谁。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述句语序，BD两项是疑问句语序，可排除。主语nobody是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式，根据句意结构，可知选A。 二、短文汉语提示填空 In the United States there is a  special hotel ,The hotel lies in a small town near the sea .There are not m___1___people in the town ,but every year ,there are many v_ _ 2_ _and they like to stay in the special hotel . When you go into the hotel,the waiter or waitress will give you a l_ _3 _.The prices of the rooms are on it . But every room doesn’t have a number ,and its name is a person in a famous novel .If you choose a name ,for example ,Holmes (福尔摩斯）the waiter will give you a bookmark .And the bookmark is the key t__ 4_ _the room. After you open the door ,you will feel s__ _5_ __Why? The room is furnished (摆设)just like you are in the novel and you are working with Holmes .On the clothes tree a_ _6 __Holmes’ hat and his black cloak (披风）。On the bed there is a big pipe (烟斗）It looks as if he left a few minutes ago and he will come back soon and you can talk with him in a f_ _7 __way .Of course he will not come back .But you can sit in the room and read some books a_ _8_ _Holmes .It’s very i_ 9 _,isn’t it ? A___10___time goes on ,the hotel is getting more and more popular ,You can see people all over the world in this hotel. 【分析】短文大意：本文是文化类阅读，介绍了美国一家特殊的酒店，房间号是一个个文学人物，房间摆设也和人物形象相关，小镇人虽不多，但每年都吸引很多游客住在这个特殊的酒店里。 1．句意：城里人并不多。people人们，集合名词需用some或many修饰；根据句意结构和首字母提示，可知填many。 2．句意：但是每年都有很多游客，他们喜欢住在这个特别的旅馆里。many许多的，修饰复数名词；根据句意结构和首字母提示，可知填visitors。 3．句意：当你走进旅馆时，服务员会给你一张单子。不定冠词后接单数名词，根据句意结构和首字母提示，可知填list。 4．句意：书签是房间的钥匙。a key to……的钥匙；根据句意结构和首字母提示，可知填to。 5．句意：你开门后会感到惊讶。feel表感觉系动词，后接形容词；根据下文原因The room is furnished (摆设)just like you are in the novel and you are working with Holmes .，结合首字母提示，可知感到惊讶，故填surprised。 6．句意：衣服树上挂着福尔摩斯的帽子和黑色斗篷。表语Holmes’hat and his black cloak是两种事物，系词需用are；根据句意结构和首字母提示，可知填are。 7．句意：你可以用友好的方式与他交谈。way方式，名词需用形容词修饰；根据句意结构和首字母提示，可知填friendly。 8．句意：但是你可以坐在房间里读一些关于福尔摩斯的书。本句介词短语做books的后置定语，根据句意结构和首字母提示，可知填about。 9．句意：这很有趣，不是吗？本句缺表语形容词，副词very修饰形容词；根据句意结构和首字母提示，可知填interesting。 10．句意：随着时间的流逝，这家旅馆越来越受欢迎，你可以在这个旅馆里看到世界各地的人。as随着，as time goes on随着时间的流逝，固定表达；句首单词的首字母需大写，根据句意结构和首字母提示，可知填As。 三、选词填空 bleed to death, be charged with,   do something against the law,   lead to ,    break into get along with , turn out , guard against, be charged with , under arrest 1．Too much work and too little rest often___________________________illness 2．I hear that computer engineer____________________as a result yesterday. 3．A burglar ______________a jewellery shop and then ran away quickly. 4．The boss is guilty , Nobody knows he ___________in the past few years . 5．His elder brother _________________robbing his workmate of some money last year. 6．Her brother always ____________his classmates at school . 7．She _________________kidnapping her neighbour’s child over the last year . 8．The man with blood on his shirt is ___________. The police are looking for him. 9．It ___________that he had nothing to do with that case. 10．We have understood how to __________any possible danger around us . 1．leads to    2．bled to death    3．broke into    4．has done anything against the law    5．was charged with 6．gets along with    7．was charged with    8．under arrest    9．turned out    10．guard against 【解析】1．句意：过度工作和太少休息常常导致疾病。often经常，用于一般现在时；用and连接的是两个名词性短语指的是一种客观情况，属于单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；lead to导致；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填leads to。 2．句意：我听说昨天那个电脑工程师流血死了。yesterday昨天，用于一般过去时，动词需用过去式；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填bled to death。 3．句意：一个小偷闯进了一家珠宝店，然后迅速逃走了。and连接并列结构，根据下文and then ran away quickly.和英文提示，可知是闯入，需用过去式，故填broke into。 4．句意：老板有罪，没人知道他在过去几年里做了违法的事。in the past few years在过去几年里，一段时间用于现在完成时；“has + done”表示现在完成时结构；nobody表否定，sometimes需改为anything；guilty有罪的，根据The boss is guilty可推知违反了法律，结合英文提示，可知填has done anything against the law。 5．句意：他的哥哥去年被指控抢劫他的同事一些钱。rob抢劫；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知被指控，be charged with被控告；last year去年，用于一般过去时；主语His elder brother是单数第三人称，系词需用was；故填was charged with。 6．句意：她哥哥在学校总是和同学们相处得很好。本句是主谓结构，缺谓语；her brother是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；get along with和睦相处；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填gets along with。 7．句意：她被指控去年绑架邻居的孩子。本句是主系表结构，缺表语；over the last year用于一般过去时，she是单数第三人称，系词需用was；be charged with被指控，根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填was charged with。 8．句意：那个衬衫上有血迹的人被捕了。警察正在找他。under arrest被逮捕，固定短语；根据The police are looking for him.和英文提示，可知那人“被捕了”，故填under arrest。 9．句意：原来他和那个案子毫无关系。本句It turned out that（结果发现）是固定句式，根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填turned out。 10．句意：我们已经懂得如何防范我们周围的任何可能的危险。how to do如何做，固定表达；guard against防范，根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填guard against。 课堂小结 课后作业 1、 用所给单词的正确形式填空 1．The coats with blood were those ________(murder). 2．Does the first suspect have _______(crime) record? 3．The soldiers have been moved to another place for______(safe) 4．What’s wrong with you, young man? You are breathing _______(heavy). 5．Guan Dawei is a man of great ________(wealthy). 6．Mr. Smith said that the Earth _______(go) round the moon. 7．I hear somebody ______(call) my name outside the classroom. Let me go and have a look. 8．It is said that the little boy _____(kidnap) last Sunday 9．We’d better _____(not stay) out alone at night. 10．The police ______(find) out some useful clues so far. 1．murderers' 【详解】句意：带血的外套是那些杀人犯的。those那些，后接复数名词；根据句意语境可知用所有格形式，结合英文提示，故填murderers'。 2．criminal 【详解】句意：第一个嫌疑犯有犯罪记录吗?record记录，名词需用形容词修饰；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填criminal。 3．safety 【详解】句意：为了安全起见，士兵们已被转移到另一个地方。根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填safety。 4．heavily 【详解】句意：你怎么了，年轻人？你气喘吁吁。breathe呼吸，动词需用副词修饰；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填heavily。 5．wealth 【详解】句意：关大伟是个很有钱的人。great巨大的，形容词修饰名词；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填wealth。 6．goes 【详解】句意：史密斯先生说地球绕月球转。本句是宾语从句，从句叙述客观事实需用一般现在时，the earth（地球）是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填goes。 7．calling 【详解】句意：我听到有人在教室外面喊我的名字。让我去看看。hear sb. do sth.听见某人做某事，hear sb. doing sth.听见某人正在做某事。根据下文Let me go and have a look，结合句意语境和英文提示，可知是有人在叫我，故填calling。 8．was kidnapped 【详解】句意：据说那个小男孩上星期天被绑架了。the little boy（小男孩）是动词kidnap的受动者，需用被动语态；last Sunday上个星期天，用于一般现在时；主语the little boy是单数第三人称，系词需用was，即“was + done”结构；根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填was kidnapped。 9．not stay 【详解】句意：我们晚上最好不要一个人在外面呆着。had better最好，后接原形动词；本句是否定句，动词前面需加not，根据句意语境和英文提示，可知填not stay。 10．have found 【详解】句意：到目前为止，警方已经发现了一些有用的线索。so far到目前为止，用于现在完成时态，即“have/ + done”结构；主语they是复数人称，助动词需用have；根据句意结构和英文提示，可知填have found。 二、完形填空 This is a true story.      On a January morning ,Joel with the other three fishermen got on a fishing boat .The first few hours on the sea were not _1_.Then there was a terrible storm .      The storm lasted for 22 days. When it stopped ,they found their fishing nets (网）were__2__The engine(发动机）and the radio didn’t work .There was no food ,and there was no drinking water.      The men talked to each other ,“How can we live on the sea?” Without their nets ，the men couldn’t fish .But they could__3__out of the boat and catch big turtles (海龟）They needed protection(遮挡）from the sun and rain，so they built a simple roof (顶蓬）.The roof __4__rainwater too. The men could drink rainwater__5__the roof .For the next five __6__the men ate turtles —when they caught them They drank rainwater—when it rained .__7__there was no food and no water ,and sometimes they __8__they were going to die soon. Joel wrote a letter to his wife,“My dear Edith ,”Joel wrote .“__9__I die ,I hope someone will send you this letter. Then you will know ___10___I died .I had the best in  life —a great woman and beautiful children. I love you really.” Ten days ___11___,on June 15, a Japanese fishing boat found them ___12___sent Joel’s letter to his wife .He showed it to her himself .Joel will always ___13___the letter .The letter ,he says , ___14___him remember.“ On the sea I found that I love my wife and children very, very much. My family is everything to me .I don’t want to forge__15__.” 1．A．unusual B．unlucky C．quiet D．safe 2．A．broken B．missed C．gone D．left 3．A．leave B．work C．come D．reach 4．A．saved B．held C．got D．carried 5．A．in B．from C．under D．below 6．A．hours B．days C．weeks D．months 7．A．Often B．Only C．Once D．Suddenly 8．A．said B．found C．knew D．thought 9．A．While B．Before C．If D．Since 10．A．why B．how C．where D．when 11．A．later B．a go C．before D．past 12．A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Everybody D．Nobody 13．A．bring B．keep C．take D．remember 14．A．lets B．had C．helps D．hopes 15．A．that B．it C．them D．this 1．句意：海上最初的几个小时并不安静。考查形容词辨析题。根据下文Then there was a terrible storm .，可知起初海面还算正常，not unusual正常的，故选A。 2．句意：当它停下来时，他们发现他们的渔网不见了。考查动词辨析题。根据第二段Without their nets,，可知渔网已经丢失了，miss没有被动语态，gone符合句意，故选C。 3．句意：但是他们可以伸出船去抓大海龟。考查动词辨析题。reach out of伸出；根据句意语境，可知是把船开出去抓海龟，故选D。 4．句意：屋顶也容纳雨水。考查动词辨析题。A. saved储存；B. held容纳；C. got得到；D. carried携带。根据下文The men could drink rainwater under the roof .，可知hold符合句意，故选B。 5．句意：这些人可以喝屋顶上的雨水。考查介词辨析题。根据句意语境，可知雨水来自屋顶，from来自，故选B。 6．句意：在接下来的五个月里，这些人吃海龟。考查名词辨析题。根据开头On a January morning和后文Ten days later, on June 15, a Japanese fishing boat found them，可知前后有五个月的时间，故选D。 7．句意：经常没有食物和水，有时他们认为他们很快就要死了。考查副词辨析题。A. Often经常；B. Only仅仅/只是；C. Once一旦/曾经；D. Suddenly忽然地。根据句意语境，可知often符合句意，故选A。 8．句意：一旦没有食物和水，他们认为他们会死了。考查动词辨析题。根据下文他们给家人写遗书的内容，可知think（想）符合句意，故选D。 9．句意：如果我死了，我希望有人寄这封信给你。考查连词辨析题。while和when都表时间；if如果，表条件；since由于，表原因。根据句意语境，本句表条件，故选C。 10．句意：那么你就会知道我为什么死了。考查宾语从句引导词。why为什么，问原因；how问方式；where问地点；when问时间。then然后，表顺承；根据上文if I die ,I hope someone will send you this letter.，可知信中记录了遭遇暴风雨的经过，ACD三项意思都与语境不合，故选B。 11．句意：10天后，6月15日，一艘日本渔船发现了他们。考查副词辨析题。A. later以后的；B. ago以前；C. before在…之前；D. past过去的，结束的。ten days later十天后，根据句意语境，可知later符合句意，故选A。 12．句意：没有人把乔尔的信寄给他的妻子。考查不定代词辨析题。A. Somebody有人/某人，表不确定；B. Anybody任何人；C. Everybody每一个人；D. Nobody没有人，表否定。根据下文He showed it to her himself他亲自给她看，可知没有帮他寄信，故选D。 13．句意：乔尔将永远保存这封信。考查动词辨析题。will将要，用于构成一般将来时，表打算；根据句意语境，可知keep（保留）符合句意，故选B。 14．句意：他说，这封信有助于他记忆。考查动词辨析题。A. lets让/使，使役动词；B. had有；C. helps帮助；D. hopes希望。help sb. do帮助某人做某事；根据句意语境，可知ABD不合句意，故选C。 15．句意：我不想忘记这一点。考查代词辨析题。根据上文On the sea I found that I love my wife and children very, very much. My family is everything to me .，结合文意，可知“我”忘不了My family is everything to me.这一点，that用于指代上文提到的事，故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$