UNIT 5 Section Ⅱ “Reading and Thinking”的新知学习环节(课件PPT)-【新课程学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ “Reading and Thinking”的新知学习环节 NO 1 积词汇/由记准到用活 NO 2 通句式/由规则到熟用 NO 3 课时跟踪检测 目 录 新学词汇·归类记清 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．tackle this crisis　　　 _____这一危机 2．boost crop yields ______农作物______ 3．a hybrid of self-pollinating plants 一种自花授粉植物的_________ No.1 积词汇/由记准到用活 应对 提高 产量 杂交品种 4．through intense effort 通过_________努力 5．generate electricity _______电能 6．under strain 处于_______状态 7．technology celebrities 科技_______ 不懈的 产生 压力 名人 8．envision the future ______未来 9．as big as a broom 像______一样大 10．have good night vision 夜间_______好 展望 扫帚 视力 二、重点单词——写其形 1．a _________of food 食物短缺 2．a financial _________ 一次金融危机 3．one ____________of hybrids 杂交作物的一个特点 4．______ a high yield 获得高产量 shortage crisis characteristic attain 5．_________ technical difficulties 攻克技术难题 6．_______the grain _______ 增加粮食产量 7．a rough _________of ……粗略估计 8．________ rice consumption 国内稻米消费 overcome expand output estimate domestic 9．live a life of ________ 过悠闲的生活 10．a man of the ______ 土地之子 leisure soil 三、活用单词——悉其变 devote devoted devotion convince convincing convinced conventional conventions assumption assume consumption consume salty real realise reality salt 四、拓展构词——明其规 1．reality: “adj.＋-ity”→n. [依“规”串记] ①personality　 性格；个性　②nationality 　 国籍 ③familiarity 熟悉 ④activity 活动 2．salty：“n.＋-y”→adj. [依“规”串记] ①dusty 　 布满灰尘的　 ②tasty　 美味的 ③juicy 多汁的 ④smelly 难闻的 五、高级词块——通其用 1．___________　　　 把……用于；献身；致力；专心 2．_______________ 由……组成(构成)；包括；包含 3．___________ 在内心深处；本质上；实际上 4．_________________ 实现某人的梦想 5．_________ 关心；喜欢；照顾；照料 devote ...to be comprised of deep down fulfil one's dreams care for 6．___________ 一个……的问题 7．__________ 凭空想出(不同寻常的计划、主意) 8．__________________ 在国内外 9．________ 开发；开拓；开辟 10．________ 在内心深处 a matter of dream up at home and abroad open up at heart 重点词汇·深化学习 1．Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life. 确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯，与其为之奉献毕生的千千万万的中国农民无异。 ★devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于 [用法感知] ①(2022·全国甲卷书面表达) All in all, it is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting the ocean. 总而言之，到了我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。 ②(“人物描写”写作佳句)Responsible and devoted to community work, he is praised by the people around. 他负责任，献身于社区工作，受到了周围人们的称赞。 [归纳点拨] (1)devote ...to　　 把……用于；献身；致力；专心 devote oneself to 献身于……；致力于…… (2)devoted adj. 忠诚的；深爱的 be devoted to (doing) sth. 专心于(做)某事；奉献于(做)某事 (3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 [应用融会] (1)单句语法填空 ③I still remember what you have devoted to __________(improve) my oral English and writing skills. ④Society even praises “burning the candle at both ends” as a sign of our __________(devote) to work and family. improving devotion (2)句式升级 ⑤The young lady devotes herself to teaching the deaf children, so she has little time to care for her own daughter. →______________________________the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(现在分词短语作状语) Devoting herself to teaching →____________________the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词短语作状语) [联想发散] 以下短语中to是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时应用动名词形式。 ①look forward to doing sth.　　　 盼望做某事 ②object to doing sth. 反对做某事 ③get down to doing sth. 开始做某事 Devoted to teaching ④pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事 ⑤be/get used/accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 2．Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. 袁隆平确信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。 ★convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服 [用法感知] ①We have been trying to convince him to tackle the problem in this way in the past few days. 在过去的几天里，我们一直试图说服他以这种方式解决这个问题。 ②(“动作描写”写作佳句)Yelling at the top of his lung, Joe tried to comfort me and convince me that it was the best way to escape the danger. 乔声嘶力竭地叫喊着，试图安慰我，让我相信这是逃离危险的最好办法。 ③(主旨升华句)I'm firmly convinced of the significance of honesty, which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society. 我坚信诚实的重要性，它将有助于建立一个温暖、和谐的社会。 [归纳点拨] (1)convince sb.to do sth.　 说服某人做某事 convince sb.of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb.that ... 使某人相信…… (2)convinced adj. 确信的；深信的 be convinced that ... 确信…… (3)convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的 [应用融会] (1)单句语法填空 ④They tried to convince him ____________(support) them. ⑤We are __________(convince) that the competition will be a great success. to support convinced (2)句式升级 ⑥I'm convinced that your advice will contribute to our good performance, so I sincerely hope you can help us. →__________________________________________________________, I sincerely hope you can help us.(过去分词短语作状语) Convinced that your advice will contribute to our good performance 3. The common assumption then was that it could not be done. 当时普遍认为这是不可能实现的。 ★assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得 [用法感知] ①(“申请”类写作佳句)On the assumption that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Council, I will organize more colorful after-class activities. 假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动。 ②It's assumed that mental health is closely related to physical health. 人们认为精神健康与身体健康密切相关。 ③Assuming that time permits, a Peking Opera performance will be given. 假如时间允许，将会上演一场京剧表演。 [归纳点拨] (1)on the assumption that ...　 假定…… (2)assume vt. 假定；认为；承担(责任)；就(职)；呈现；显露 assume sb./sth. (to be)＋adj./n.　　　 假定/认为某人/某事(为)…… It is assumed that ... 人们认为…… (3)assuming (that) ... 假设…… (4)assumed adj. 假设的；假定的 [应用融会] (1)单句语法填空 ④___________ (assume) that the plan is practical, how will you achieve it? ⑤It was impossible to make ____________ (assume) about people's reactions. ⑥He lived and worked there under an _________(assume) name. Assuming assumptions assumed (2)一句多译 他们认为这个目击者能够很清楚地看到那起事故。 ⑦They ________________________able to see the accident clearly. ⑧They ______________the witness was able to see the accident clearly. assumed the witness to be assumed that 4．Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。 ★comprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成 [用法感知] ①Each course comprises 10－12 informal weekly meetings. 每门课程都包括10至12次每周一次的非正式见面会。 ②The committee is comprised of representatives from both the public and private sectors. 该委员会由来自公共和私人部门的双方代表组成。 [归纳点拨] be comprised of＝consist of＝be made up of包括；包含；由……组成(构成) 注意：consist of没有被动语态。 [应用融会]　(一句多译) 这座有两间卧室、一间厨房和一间起居室的房子已经出售。 ③The house ______________two bedrooms, a kitchen，and a living room has been sold.(comprise) ④The house ______________two bedrooms, a kitchen，and a living room has been sold.(consist) comprised of consisting of ⑤The house __________two bedrooms, a kitchen, and a living room has been sold.(make) made up of No.2 通句式/由规则到熟用 1．However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat. 然而，他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。 感知将学语法——主语从句 句中what concerned him most为what引导的主语从句，what在从句中作主语。常见的引导主语从句的形式还有： ①That Yuan Longping had realized his dream of “seawater rice” surprised the whole world.(that引导的主语从句) 袁隆平实现了他的“海水稻”梦想，这让全世界都为之震惊。 ②It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realized his dream of developing “seawater rice”．(it是形式主语，that引导的从句作真正主语) 袁隆平实现了他研制“海水稻”的梦想，这让全世界都为之震惊。 2．Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。 (1)“It is＋过去分词＋that ...”结构常见的有： It is said that ...　　　　 据说…… It is reported that ... 据报道…… It is known to all that ... 众所周知…… It is hoped that ... 人们希望…… It is thought that ... 人们认为…… It is suggested that ... 人们建议…… (2)上述句式除“It is hoped that ...”和“It is suggested that ...”外，可以转化为“sb./sth.is＋过去分词＋to do/to have done ...”句型。 若不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就用不定式的完成时；若不定式所表示的动作与谓语动词的动作(几乎)同时发生，或在它之后发生，则用不定式的一般时。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①Hopefully, you could make it to this wonderful event. →_____________________________________________________ (用It be＋过去分词＋that ...句式改写) It is hoped that you could make it to this wonderful event. ②It is said that Tom went abroad last week. →Tom __________________abroad last week. is said to have gone (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③众所周知，中西方国家文化差异很大。 _____________________there is a huge cultural difference between China and the western countries. It is known to all that 3．Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy, one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure. 鉴于袁隆平开发杂交水稻而变得相当富有，有人会认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。 “given that”在句中作连词，意思是“考虑到”。given可用作介词，表示“考虑到；鉴于”等意思。 seeing (that) ...　　　　　 鉴于；考虑到 provided/providing (that) ... 如果；假设；在……条件下 suppose/supposing (that) ... 假定；假设；设想 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①__________ (give) his age (＝Considering how old he is), he is remarkably active. ②__________ (see) that it is eight o'clock, we'll wait no longer. Given Seeing (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③考虑到没人帮我们吓走北极熊，我们只得自救。 _________________________________away the polar bear, we had no alternative but to save ourselves. Given that no one helped us frighten ④万一你在即将来临的考试中失败，你该怎么办？ ____________________________________________________________ ____________, what should you do? Providing/Provided/Supposing/Suppose (that) you were failing in the coming exam No.3 课时跟踪检测 [语言基础训练] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．He could read all the national papers at his __________(闲暇)． 2．With great effort he finally _________(获得) that position. 3．I know you have deep feelings for him.But we should face ________ (现实)． leisure attained reality 4．___________ (估计) of the damage range between $1 million and $5 million. 5．As Helen's knowledge and vocabulary ___________(扩大), she asked more and more questions. 6．I don't believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to ___________(说服) me. Estimates expanded convince 7．The dam is very useful.It can not only ___________(产生) electricity but also hold back the floods. 8．A _____________ (特点) of this animal is its ability to live for a long time without water. generate characteristic Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．There's a great ________ (short)of resource materials in many schools. 2．His manners are rough, but he is a kind man ______heart. 3．Since then, he has cared ______her as if she were his own mother. shortage at for 4．She devoted her life to __________(help) homeless children. 5．Do you want a sweet pancake or a _______(salt) one? 6．The method put forward by the teenagers is simpler and quicker than ____________ (convention) methods. helping salty conventional 7．After _____________(overcome) her initial shyness, Maria became very friendly. 8．My calculations were based on the ____________(assume) that house prices would remain steady. overcoming assumption Ⅲ.选词填空 be comprised of， be devoted to， care for， far from， deep down， convince ...of ... 1．We must ________the students ___the advantages of wider reading. 2．The entire universe ________________different kinds of matter. convince of is comprised of 3．He _____________the cause of peace; as a result, he has won respect from all over the world. 4．The old scientist is living a happy and simple life，because he doesn't _________money or fame. is devoted to care for 5．It was obvious that much of what they recorded was ________the truth. 6．___________, they realize that happiness can't be bought. far from Deep down Ⅳ.完成句子 1．人们相信，阅读增长我们的知识并开拓我们的思路。(It is ＋过去分词＋that ...) ________________reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind. It is believed that 2．让我最吃惊的是，一个七岁的小孩子能把小提琴拉得这么好。(what引导的主语从句) __________________________was that such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well. What surprised me most 3．考虑到学生们需要更多的锻炼，校长决定增加体育课。(given that) ______________________________________, the head teacher has decided to add more PE classes. 4．我相信人们在网上购物会变得更加方便。(convince) _________________it will be more convenient for people to do some shopping online. Given that the students need more exercise I'm convinced that 5．他毕业后继续献身于研究工作。(devote) After he graduated, he continued to__________________________. devote himself to the research Ⅴ.课文语法填空 Yuan Longping, ①________ (know) as the “father of hybrid rice”， was one of China's most famous scientists.Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.And he chose to study agriculture and received ②____ education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.After ③___________ (graduate) in 1953, he worked as a researcher. known an graduating Since then he had devoted his life to ④_________ (find) ways to grow more rice.The farmers are now expanding their output ⑤_______ (great) by growing his hybrid rice.Deep down, Yuan was still very much a farmer ⑥______ heart.He made large ⑦__________ (donate) to support agricultural research.⑧_________ impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability ⑨_________ (fulfil) his dreams.His later vision for “seawater rice” also ⑩__________ (become) a reality. finding greatly at donations What to fulfil became [语篇综合训练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 Researchers say these little-studied structures, which can stretch for up to 50 meters and last for hundreds of years, could help our cities adapt to rising temperatures associated with the climate crisis.“It's really incredible how strong they are.They don't have any negative impact on the environment，” said Ferdinand Ludwig, professor for green technologies at the Technical University of Munich. The bridges stretch across rivers in India's mountainous Meghalaya area, connecting villages.They're all constructed from the aerial roots of the same kind of tree：the Indian rubber tree.Unlike bridges made from wood or bamboo, they aren't easily swept away and they don't rot — a common problem in what is often described as the world's wettest region.They've also proven more durable than bridges made from modern steel structures that quickly rust and decay in the damp climate. The bridges are made and kept in good condition by individuals, families and communities from Khasi and Jaintia people.“In many cases it's a cooperation of all the inhabitants of two villages.This gives hope that this tradition can survive because it's on many shoulders.” said Ludwig.While some of the bridges have become tourist attractions, seeing up to 2,000 visitors a day, not all of the bridges they studied were in active use, with some at risk of being cut down for firewood. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。慕尼黑科技大学的路德维克教授和他的团队研究了印度梅加拉亚邦的一种桥。这种桥使用当地一种橡胶树的气根搭建，适应炎热潮湿的气候，环保且不会腐烂，比现代桥梁更耐用。 1．What does Ludwig think of the bridges in Meghalaya? A．They have been studied thoroughly. B．They aren't as strong as wooden bridges. C．They can't compete with steel structures. D．They are totally nature-friendly. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“They don't have any negative impact on the environment”可知，路德维克认为梅加拉亚邦的桥梁是完全环保的。 2．How are the bridges in Meghalaya different from modern bridges? A．They are usually taller. B．They can be swept away more easily. C．They are longer in most cases. D．They can survive the wet climate better. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“They've also proven more durable than bridges made from modern steel structures that quickly rust and decay in the damp climate.”可知，梅加拉亚邦的桥梁能更好地在潮湿的气候中生存。 3．How might Ludwig feel about many people building the bridges together? A．Indifferent. B．Disappointed. C．Relieved. D．Confused. 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“This gives hope that this tradition can survive because it's on many shoulders.”可知，这是集体努力的结果，所以路德维克觉得不必担心这一传统会消失，因此会感到“放松，欣慰”。 √ 4．Which is the best title for the text? A．Special bridges in India B．Disappearing bridges in India C．Ways to preserve old bridges D．Methods of building green bridges √ 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段“Researchers say these little-studied structures, which can stretch for up to 50 meters ...”、第二段“The bridges stretch across rivers in India's mountainous Meghalaya area ...”、第二段最后一句“They've also proven more durable ...”以及最后一段“This gives hope that this tradition can survive ...”可知，本文介绍了印度的特别的桥。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Food is plentiful in our cities.It comes in all 5 shapes, colors, sizes, smells, and tastes.We all need it.We 6 it by cooperating completely with nature.Thus, there shouldn't be any problems between 7 and nature, right? Not 8 .We have to look at how foods are grown and the ways they are 9 to us.A lot of fruits and vegetables are 10 with the help of different pesticides (杀虫剂) and other 11 ， which will badly pollute our soil and water. Animal agriculture 12 more greenhouse gases than cars.The 13 of large food production companies is that they overuse resources, which causes soil poisoning and other 14 problems. If you don't want to 15 the environment, there's a great and better choice for you：you can 16 your daily food in farmers' markets.In most cities, you can find places where local farmers gather to sell goods, usually on weekends.It's a good opportunity for you to 17 fresh and healthy foods.It's also a great way to 18 local farmers, who usually find it difficult to compete with big national stores.Or you could grow your own produce 19 .You can even start your own garden if you live in an active community! 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。城市居民的食品在生产和运输过程中常常会对环境造成破坏，所以为了保护环境，作者建议人们去农贸市场购买食物，或者在条件允许的情况下自己种植食物。 5．A.simple B．strange C．beautiful D．different 解析：根据下文“shapes, colors, sizes, smells, and tastes”可知，城市居民的食物有不同的形状、颜色、大小、气味和味道。 √ 6．A.get B．invent C．discover D．explore 解析：我们完全通过与大自然合作得到食物。 √ 7．A.animals B．humans C．farmers D．children 解析：根据上文内容可知，我们人类完全通过与大自然合作得到食物。于是作者设问，这样人类和大自然之间就没有任何问题了，是吗？ √ 8．A.wisely B．fully C．really D．deeply 解析：根据下文“which will badly pollute our soil and water”可知，人类活动极大地污染了土壤和水源。因此对于上文第一段作者的设问“人类和大自然之间就没有任何问题了，是吗？”，作者回答说：“不见得。” √ 9．A.left B．sent C．passed D．introduced 解析：根据语境可知，此处指食物的种植和运送的方式。 √ 10．A.polluted B．formed C．grown D．kept 解析：根据上文“We have to look at how foods are grown”可知，很多水果和蔬菜在种植过程中要依靠杀虫剂。 √ 11．A.medicines B．strategies C．tools D．chemicals 解析：根据上文“with the help of different pesticides”可知，很多水果和蔬菜在种植过程中要依靠杀虫剂和其他的化学品。 √ 12．A.wastes B．produces C．costs D．prevents 解析：根据上文内容可知，此处在讨论人类在生产食物的过程中对环境造成的破坏。再根据下文“more greenhouse gases than cars”可知，畜牧业产生的温室气体比汽车(产生的温室气体)还多。 √ 13．A.problem B．opportunity C．plan D．advantage 解析：根据下文“that they overuse resources, which causes soil poisoning”可知，它们过度利用资源，这造成了土壤中毒。由此可知，这是大型食物生产公司的问题。 √ 14．A.social B．technical C．environmental D．educational 解析：根据上文“which causes soil poisoning”可知，这造成了土壤中毒和其他的环境问题。 √ 15．A.harm B．thank C．protect D．improve 解析：根据上文内容可知，人类在生产食物的过程中对环境造成了破坏，因此如果你不想损害环境，你有一个更好的选择。 √ 16．A.borrow B．receive C．buy D．sell 解析：根据下文“In most cities, you can find places where local farmers gather to sell goods”可知，你可以到农民聚集起来卖东西的地方买日常食物。 √ 17．A.put in B．put on C．put up D．put away 解析：根据句意可知，去当地的农贸市场买日常食物是储存新鲜且健康的食物的好机会。 √ 18．A.support B．meet C．understand D．train 解析：根据下文“who usually find it difficult to compete with big national stores”可知，当地农民很难与大型的全国性商场竞争，因此买他们的食物是支持他们的好方法。 √ 19．A.once B．either C．instead D．still 解析：根据上文内容可知，作者给出的建议是去集市上购买当地农民自己种植的食物，或者可以自己种食物来代替去集市上购买。 √ Ⅲ.语法填空 The Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) has announced China's first large yellow croaker (大黄鱼) farming ship, the Conson No. 1. 1 (achieve) ASC certification (认证) in December 2022. The Conson No. 1 2 (own) by a company in Qingdao. It is equipped with a number of 3 (advance) digital management systems to control the environment and growing conditions onboard the ship. As a result, the ship has been referred to as the world's “first 100,000-metric-ton smart-farming ship，” according to ASC. The large yellow croakers are popular in China, commonly 4 (eat) during celebratory meals and holidays. It is 5 (wide) known as one of the country's most-popular sea fish, with the country eating about 180,000 MT every year. Due to its societal relevance to the local Chinese market, the Conson No. 1 is putting farming large yellow croakers in 6 first place, Conson Group's Deputy General Manager said. “The Conson No. 1 creates a growing environment similar to that of wild large yellow croakers with industrial and intelligent technology, focusing on 7 (follow) ASC's guidelines，” Dong added. The certification is based 8 the ASC sea finfish standard, 9 is made up of more than 150 assessment indicators, including protection of ecosystems and biodiversity, resource and energy 10 (efficient), responsible feed sourcing, and community and social responsibilities. 语篇解读：本文是一则新闻报道。全球首艘十万吨级智慧渔业养殖工船“国信1号”获得ASC认证。 1．achieved　考查一般过去时。根据in December 2022可知，设空处所在句描述的事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填achieved。 2．is owned　考查时态和语态。根据语境可知，设空处所在句描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且The Conson No.1与own之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，故填is owned。 3．advanced　考查形容词。设空处作定语，修饰digital management systems，应用形容词，表示“先进的”，故填advanced。 4．eaten　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰The large yellow croakers，且eat与The large yellow croakers之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式，故填eaten。 5．widely　考查副词。设空处作状语，应用副词，表示“广泛地”，故填widely。 6．the　考查冠词。put ...in the first place为固定搭配，表示“将……放在首位”，故填the。 7．following　考查动词-ing形式。设空处作on的宾语，应用动词-ing形式，故填following。 8．on/upon　考查介词。be based on/upon sth.为固定搭配，表示“以某事物为基础”，故填on或upon。 9．which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代the ASC sea finfish standard，且在从句中作主语，故填which。 10．efficiency　考查名词。resource and energy ...与protection of ...、 responsible feed sourcing和community ...responsibilities并列，作including的宾语，应用名词，表示“效率”，故填efficiency。 本课结束 $$