UNIT 2 Section Ⅱ“Reading and Thinking”的新知学习环节(课件PPT)-【新课程学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅱ “Reading and Thinking”的新知学习环节 NO 1 积词汇/由记准到用活 NO 2 通句式/由规则到熟用 NO 3 课时跟踪检测 目 录 新学词汇·归类记清 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．English words and phrases　 　 英语单词和_____ 2．domestic appliances 家用_____ 3．this new style of air conditioner 这种新式_____ 4．automatic temperature control 温度调节 No.1 积词汇/由记准到用活 短语 电器 空调 自动 5．operation modes 操作_____ 6．prevent cancer cells spreading 阻止 细胞扩散 7．a leak of gas 瓦斯_____ 8．a rusty wire 一条生锈的_______ 9．fantasy stories 故事 10．chemical structures 化学_____ 方式 癌 泄漏 金属丝 想象 结构 二、重点单词——写其形 1． on the television 打开电视 2． control 远程控制 3．the daily 日常生活 4． messages 即时消息 5． effort 持续的努力 6．a room 一个空房间 7． , it is true 不过，它是真的 switch remote routine instant constant available nevertheless persuade persuasion persuasive distant distance secure security integrated integrate sensors sense efficient efficiency preference prefer command commander obey disobey warnings warn abnormal normal critical criticize criticism potential potentially electrical electricity electric detect detector detective relevant relevance innovation innovate 四、拓展构词——明其规 1．sensor：“v.(去e)＋-or” →n. [依“规”串记] ①operator　　操作员　　 ②translator　翻译家 ③survivor 幸存者 ④creator 创造者　　 2．warning：“v.＋-ing” →n. [依“规”串记] ①painting　绘画　　 ②building　建筑 ③covering 遮盖物 ④feeling 感情　　 五、高级词块——通其用 1． 　　　　 关/开(电灯、机器等) 2． 一直 3． 导致；通向 4． 遥控器；遥控 5． 空调机；空调设备 switch off/on all the time lead to remote control air conditioner 6． 日常生活 7． 开始运转(或运行) 8． 另外；此外 9． 记录；与……保持联系， 了解……的动态 daily routine come on in addition keep track of 10． 在初期；早先 11． 着火 12． 从这种(某种)意义上来讲 early on catch fire in this sense (in ...sense) 重点词汇·深化学习 1．For example, the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade. 例如，短语“in my opinion”告诉我们，这篇文章可能是为了说服(我们相信某一观点)。 ★persuade vt.劝说；说服；使信服；使相信 [用法感知] ①I had to tell him the truth and he soon persuaded me to go back. 我不得不告诉他真相，他很快就说服我回去了。 ②At last, Ben persuaded Tom into letting him paint the fence. 最后，本说服汤姆让他粉刷栅栏。 ③(续写结尾句)Having been persuaded to change my attitude，I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gained confidence as well. 在被说服改变态度之后，我终于找到了正确的方法来改掉粗心大意的毛病，也获得了信心。 [归纳点拨] persuade sb.of sth.　　　 使某人相信某事 persuade sb.that ... 使某人相信…… persuade sb.to do sth.＝persuade sb.into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 persuade sb.not to do sth.＝persuade sb.out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ④We had to persuade them the need to evacuate their house. ⑤I managed to persuade my classmates into (accept) my idea. ⑥Neither my wife nor I myself am able to persuade my daughter (change) her idea. ⑦She persuaded them . 她使他们相信她做得对。 of accepting to change that she had done right 2．However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. 然而在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能的家里。智能的家会在我们外出时锁好家门，会在我们忘记关掉电视的时候替我们关上。 ★distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的 [用法感知]　(写出下列各句中distant的汉语意思) ①To many people, technology means computers，hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. _______ ②There was a distant look in her eyes from time to time, her thoughts elsewhere. ____________ ③He found her cold, ice-like, and distant. ______ 遥远的 心不在焉的 疏远的 [归纳点拨] (1)be distant from　　　 离……远 (2)distance n. 距离；遥远；远处；疏远 in the distance 在远处 at/from a distance 离一段距离；从远处 at a distance of ... 在……远的距离 keep sb.at a distance 对某人冷淡；同某人疏远 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ④The Sun is distant the Earth. ⑤The bear soon came to the tree, and we followed at distance. ⑥Much to our delight, the sound of water in distance caught our attention and drove us to the riverbank. from a the ⑦We'll hold a fruit-picking activity next Saturday on a farm which is from our school. 下周六，我们将在离我们学校有两公里远的一个农场举行一场水果采摘活动。 at a distance of two kilometres ★switch vt.转换；交换vi.& vt.(使)改变；转变n.开关；转换器；改变 [用法感知]　 (写出下列各句中switch的词性及汉语意思) ①We've switched the meeting from Tuesday to Thursday.__________ ②There was something wrong with the switch and I got a shock. ______________ ③She worked as a librarian before switching to journalism. _______ ④Bored with the present job, he wants to make a switch. _______ vt.(使)改变 n.开关；转换器 vi.转变 n.改变 [归纳点拨] switch on＝turn on　　　 打开(电灯、机器等) switch off＝turn off 关上；断开(电源等) switch over 切换；换频道 switch from ...to ... 从……转变至…… [应用融会]　(单句语法填空) ⑤Please remember to switch the computer when you finish your work. ⑥The reality show is boring. Will you please switch to the movie channel to watch a movie? ⑦When I switched the light, I found the room in a mess. off over on 3. Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. 你的住宅还能了解你的日程安排和喜好，所以每天晚上你回到家时，一切都已经准备就绪。 ★preference n．爱好；偏爱；喜爱；优先(权) [用法感知] ①(“语言学习”写作佳句) I've had a strong preference for Chinese and laid a solid foundation for Chinese learning. 我对汉语有着强烈的偏好，为汉语学习打下了坚实的基础。 ②In considering people for jobs, we give preference to those with some experience. 在考虑工作人选时，我们优先考虑有经验的人。 ③Faced with misunderstanding, I prefer having a talk honestly to quarrelling. 面对误解，我宁愿真诚地交谈而不愿争吵。 [归纳点拨] (1)have a preference for　 　 偏爱；喜爱 give (a) preference to ... 给……以优惠；优待 (2)prefer vt. 较喜欢 prefer (doing) sth. 更喜欢(做)某事 prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事 prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth. 宁愿(做)某事而不愿(做)某事 prefer to do ...rather than do ... 宁愿做……而不愿做…… prefer sb.(not) to do sth. 宁愿某人(不)做某事 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ④People develop a (prefer) for a particular style of learning at an early age. ⑤She prefers reading books at home to (hang) out with friends. preference hanging ⑥With the development of technology, more and more students prefer (use) electric products for taking notes and sending messages, rather than write on the paper. ⑦We applicants with good computer skills. 我们优先考虑有熟练计算机操作技能的申请人。 to use give preference to 4．All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey. 所有的控制器都将响应语音指令，因此如果你想要改变日程安排，你只需大声说出你的想法，家居系统就会照办。 ★command n．指令；命令；控制vt.命令；控制 [用法感知] ①(“语言学习”写作佳句)A foreigner cannot have a good command of Chinese unless he overcomes the cultural barriers in learning Chinese. 外国人在汉语学习中，只有克服文化障碍才能很好地掌握汉语。 ②The fleets under the command of Zheng He were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. 郑和指挥的船队在当时蔚为壮观，独领风骚。 ③The manager commanded us to take measures immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing. 经理命令我们立即采取措施纠正营销中所犯的一切错误。 归纳点拨 (1)have a good command/knowledge of 掌握；精通(尤指语言) under the command of＝under one's command 由……指挥 take command of 控制；掌握 (2)command sb.to do ...命令某人做…… command that ...(should) do ... 命令……做…… 名师点津 command后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ④As time was limited, the boss commanded that we______________ (finish) the work as scheduled. ⑤The ship is the command of Captain Black. ⑥The armed police arrived and took command the situation. (should) finish under of ⑦The boss commanded all the information (send) to him right away. ⑧I I can introduce Chinese culture to visitors in English. 我英语掌握得如此好，以至于我能用英语向参观者介绍中国文化。 to be sent have such a good command of English that 5．...your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information. ……你的智能家居会检测出来，并给你提供相关的信息。 ★relevant adj.有关的；有意义的 [用法感知] ①(“动物保护”写作佳句)We acted quickly and surfed the Internet to figure out the relevant information about the bird, such as its species and habits. 我们迅速采取行动，上网查找有关这只鸟的信息，比如它的种类和习性。 ②(“介绍”类写作佳句)Upon receiving your email saying that you intend to learn something relevant to the Chinese tea culture, I am more than delighted to make a simple introduction to you. 收到你的邮件，说你想学一些与中国茶文化有关的东西，我非常高兴向你做一个简单的介绍。 [归纳点拨] (1)be relevant to　　　 与……有关 (2)relevance n. 意义；相关性 relevantly adv. 贴切地 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/句型转换) ③What he has said has no (relevant) to the matter in hand. ④The applicant has much experience in teaching, and more__________ (relevant) the enthusiasm for the job. ⑤What he has said the matter in hand.(用relevant改写③句) relevance relevantly is not relevant to 6．Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes. 这些新近的革新中有许多已经唾手可得，并且正在一些住宅中使用。 ★available adj.可获得的；可购得的；可找到的；(人)有空的 [用法感知] ①(“求职”类写作佳句) I'm available for interview at any time. 我随时都可以接受面试。 ②The arts should be available to more people at prices they can afford. 艺术品应该以人们能够承受的价格面向更多的人出售。 ③I'm not available to take your call now, but please leave your name, number and a brief message. 我现在不能接您的电话，但请您留下您的姓名、电话号码和简短留言。 [归纳点拨] be available for sth.　　　 可用于某物/事 be available for ＋时间 有效期为…… be available for sb. 某人是有空的 be available to/for sb. 可以被某人使用 be available to do sth. 可以做某事 [应用融会]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ④The notice reminds us that the round trip ticket is available two months. ⑤This database access is not generally available the public yet. ⑥Leave it open and close it when you're not. 当你可以说话的时候，把它打开，当你不能说话的时候把它关上。 for to/for when you're available to talk No.2 通句式/由规则到熟用 1．However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. 然而在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能的家里。智能的家会在我们外出时锁好家门，会在我们忘记关掉电视的时候替我们关上。 感知将学语法——将来进行时 句中will be living为将来进行时，表示将来某个时间点或时间段正在进行的动作。课文中还出现了几个使用将来进行时的句子： ①In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. 未来，我们每天都能使用先进的技术来自动控制家里几乎所有的东西。 ②In addition, your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day. 此外，你的智能家居每天都会监测你的健康状况。 ③—Could I use your car tomorrow morning? —Sure.I will be writing a report at home then. ——明天早上我可以用你的车吗？ ——当然。那时我将在家写报告。 2．These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. 这样的智能家居将保障我们的安全，节省我们的能源，为我们提供一个更为舒适的居住环境。 激活已学语法——一般将来时 句中“will keep”是一般将来时态。表示将来某一时段的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。 [应用融会]　(完成句子) ①A fierce volleyball match in our school stadium on the first Sunday of next month. 下个月的第一个星期天，我们学校体育馆将举行一场激烈的排球比赛。 will take place ②I'm writing to let you know that we____________________________ next month. 我写信是想让你知道我们下个月将举行一个排球比赛。 ③Only if you join our team and we can win this fierce match. 只有你加入我们的队伍，我们才能成为最强大的队伍，我们才能赢得这场激烈的比赛。 will have a volleyball competition will we be the strongest team 3．Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. 在你步入家门的一刹那，灯光亮起，你最喜爱的音乐或电视节目随即开启，而且你会发现晚餐也已备好。 句中the instant 表示“一……就……”，起连词作用，引导时间状语从句。 表示“一……就……”的单词或短语有： (1)名词性短语：the moment/minute/instant等； (2)副词：immediately, instantly, directly等； (3)连词：no sooner ...than, hardly/scarcely ...when等(no sooner/hardly位于句首时，用倒装结构)。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①As soon as I arrived at the farm, I ran to the milking house. → the farm, I ran to the milking house.(用“the＋名词”结构改写) The instant I arrived at ②When I entered the classroom, my teacher asked me why I was so late. → the classroom, my teacher asked me why I was so late.(用“副词＋从句”改写) ③As soon as I had set foot in the forest, I realized I was lost. → I realized I was lost.(用no sooner ...than ...倒装结构改写) Instantly I entered No sooner had I set foot in the forest than (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④典礼一宣布开始，我们学校的所有的学生就欢呼起来。 , all the students in our school burst into cheers. ⑤演出一结束，我就冲到亨利身边，紧紧地拥抱着他，向他表示感谢。 , I rushed to Henry, embraced him tightly and expressed my gratitude to him. The instant the ceremony was declared open The instant the performance was over 4．Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 然而，还需要过些年大多数新住宅才会开始使用这种新技术。 句中before 意为“过……(多久时间)才……”引导时间状语从句，它还可以表示“在……之前；还没来得及……就……”等。 含before 的常用句式有： (1)It won't be long before ...用不了多久就会……(before从句用一般现在时) (2)It wasn't long before ...没过多久就…… (before从句用一般过去时) (3)It was＋一段时间＋before ...过了若干时间才……(before从句用一般过去时) (4)It will be＋一段时间＋before ...要过若干时间之后才……(before从句用一般现在时) “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①They have planted the seeds, and the flowers will bloom in a short while. →They have planted the seeds, and the flowers bloom. it won't be long before ②We reached our destination after a short time. → we reached our destination. ③It took him three years to finish the work. →It was three years . ④He will celebrate his birthday in two days. →It will he celebrates his birthday. It wasn't long before before he finished the work be two days before (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ⑤还需要几个小时，蛋糕才能准备好上桌。 the cake is ready to be served. ⑥两周后一切才会恢复正常。 everything returns to normal. It will take a few hours before It will be two weeks before No.3 课时跟踪检测 [语言基础训练] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．When we clean or repair the electrical (器具), we must cut off the electricity. 2．As an outdoor lover, I've made it a (常规) to explore different regions annually. appliances routine 3．Embarrassed, I turned it over and (打开) the device on. 4．With all the information (可获得的), they found the hotel in the mountain easily. 5．We have passed all (相关的) information on to the police. switched available relevant 6．As an old saying goes, “ (不断的) dropping wears the stone.” 7．Bear in mind that gas stations are scarce in the more (偏远的) areas. 8．A number of (潜在的) buyers have expressed interest in the company. Constant remote potential Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．It is (normal) for a man to walk in his sleep. 2．He commanded that roads (build) to link castles across the land. 3．My wife persuaded me (buy) a new house before house prices went up. abnormal (should) be built to buy 4．As we were playing, I looked up and saw Daddy in the_________ (distant)． 5．The government must commit itself to improving social_________ (secure) and health care. 6．The information and computer technologies have boosted the_____________ (efficient) and convenience of people's work and study. distance security efficiency 7．As you have a (prefer) for traditional Chinese culture, your suggestions will be greatly helpful to us. 8．Doctors issued a (warn) against eating any fish caught in the river. preference warning Ⅲ.选词填空 in this sense， switch off， lead to， keep track of，early on， all the time，be available for， have a preference for 1．She talks and hardly stops to draw breath. 2．Tell the boy to all lights as he leaves the room. all the time switch off 3．I have downloaded an app to my health history. 4．The following files download from the official website. 5． , French really is “the Latin of modern times”． 6．His illness his not being able to attend the meeting. keep track of are available for In this sense led to 7．I knew quite that Jimmy would come out first in the final exam. 8．With our living standards improving, people__________________ travelling abroad. early on have a preference for Ⅳ.完成句子 1．我一看到她就知道我们会成为朋友。(the instant) , I knew we could become friends. 2．不久我将步入成年人的行列，因此我感到既非常兴奋又有点紧张。(before) I become an adult, so I feel very excited as well as a bit nervous. The instant I saw her It won't be long before 3．很快，它们将向南飞往更温暖的地方。(将来进行时) Very soon, they to much warmer places. 4．如果你继续玩电脑游戏，你不会通过这次考试的。 If you keep playing computer games, . 5．当他苏醒过来时，发现自己在森林里迷了路。 When he woke up, he . will be flying south you won't pass the exam found himself lost in the forest Ⅴ.课文语法填空 Today, people need to lock doors or switch off electrical appliances by ① (they), but in the future, smart homes will be used in people's life, which will offer people a more secure, energy-saving and comfortable environment ② (live) in.Smart homes have many functions, ③ (include) intelligent controls, regular health checks and others and so on.In the future, people will be using themselves to live including ④ (advance) technology every day to automatically control everything in their homes, and even give their commands by loud voice to change their routines.In addition, smart homes ⑤___________________ (monitor) your health every day.They can warn you early on if you have ⑥ critical illness, such as cancer, and ⑦ (potential) save your life.Even smart homes will be able to prevent serious damage ⑧ accidents.Although many of these new ⑨ (innovate) are already available and being used in some homes, it will take some years ⑩ most new homes begin to use this new technology. advanced will be monitoring a potentially from innovations before [语篇综合训练] Ⅰ.阅读理解 As 3D printing technology improves, people keep finding new uses for it.And the latest is pretty sweet: cheesecake.Researchers with the department of mechanical engineering at Columbia University created a seven-ingredient slice of cake using a 3D printer, and they say printing foods could be a new cooking option with several benefits. Such printers have been used to make organs before, and similar technologies already exist in the food space — like pizza and bread robots, pasta printers and automatic cake decorators, the researchers say in the study, published in the Science and Food journal. The researchers defined printed food as“the controlled deposition (沉淀), of an ingredient; as such, any ingredient that was pushed into paste (酱)，” and they say many existing processed foods can be considered “printed” by this definition.So, in order to make the 3D-printed peanut butter-banana cheesecake with a cherry coat, all the ingredients had to be converted into paste-like substances.All seven ingredients were put in to the 3D printer and then printed out in layers into the shape of a piece of cheesecake. The researchers say 3D printing food could allow cooks to control the nutrient content in a meal and also offer the ability to make more customized meals.It also reduces human contact with food, which could prevent the spread of food-borne illnesses and diseases. They also see sustainability benefits to printing food, because ingredients can be locally sourced, plant-based meals can be created and the shelf life of the foods could be extended. Printing food could also help people with swallowing and other digestive disorders，by providing new food options, rather than the bland foods they may be restricted to. While some processed foods could have better taste, texture, cleanliness and shelf lives, processing foods can also degrade their nutrients.However, the researchers hope developing the 3D printing technology can help prevent nutrient degradation while processing foods. √ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了3D 食品打印技术的好处。 1．What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 2? A．Printing food is not as strange as it sounds. B．Such printers were only used in medical before. C．Printing pizza is similar to printing bread robots. D．This technology gets the approval of many scientists. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Such printers have been used to make organs before, and similar technologies already exist in the food space”可知，作者在第二段中告诉我们打印食物并不像听起来那么奇怪。 √ 2．How did the researchers make the ingredients printable? A．By squeezing them into paste. B．By cutting them into pieces. C．By shaping them into layers. D．By putting them into different printers. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“So, in order to make the 3D-printed peanut ... converted into paste-like substances.”可知，研究人员必须把它们挤成糊状才能将这些成分打印出来。 3．What is the benefit of printing cooking? A．Increasing human contact with food. B．Making meals become more nutritious. C．Promoting the spread of food-borne diseases. D．Treating the disorders associated with food. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第六段“Printing food could also help people ... rather than the bland foods they may be restricted to.”可知，打印烹饪的好处是治疗与食物有关的疾病。 4．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A diet dairy.　　　 B．A cookbook. C．A medical magazine. D．A science journal. 解析：推理判断题。本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了3D 食品打印技术的好处，由此可知文章可能选自科学期刊。 √ Ⅱ.完形填空 We asked Professor John Williams, a futurologist, for his expert predictions on life in the next few decades. “Unfortunately, it looks quite likely that the climate may 5 significantly, with hotter summers, colder winters and more flooding.At the same time, fuel for heating or air conditioning will probably become much more expensive.For these reasons, our houses will certainly have to become much better 6 .People are already building so-called ‘passive houses’， which have little or no central heating at all, 7 the body heat of the people who live there.” “Homes probably won't be as big, and so we will need more adaptable furniture, such as sofa beds, and when we are not 8 our furniture we will be able to fold it away into wall cabinets (壁橱)．Houses could have moveable walls so that the same space can be 9 in different ways.” “New technology will make us more self-sufficient.Kitchens may have fish tanks which, as well as providing fish to eat, also 10 fresh vegetables.The plants will 11 oxygen for the fish.These tanks will be powered by household waste and create 12 ， which can then be used to run the family car — 13 we might not all have cars！” “Water will be more expensive and the home of the future will probably be designed to use much 14 water.Washing machines and dishwashers might use sound waves to shake 15 off.We may even take showers using sound waves.What water we do use will be recycled and used again round the house and private swimming pools will become a thing of the 16 .” “We will also 17 have more robots in our houses, though they won't look like the ones in films.There will probably be small robots 18 to clean the fridge or open the curtains. 19 fridges will tell us when food is about to go out of date and even suggest recipes, and we will be able to communicate with our homes by mobile phone wherever we are.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是John Williams对未来的展望。 √ 5．A.change B．improve C．respond D．cool 解析：根据下文“with hotter summers, colder winters and more flooding”可知，气候可能发生巨大的改变。故选A。 √ 6．A.prepared B．placed C．qualified D．equipped 解析：根据上文“fuel for heating or air conditioning will probably become much more expensive”可知，用于供暖或空调的燃料可能会变得更加昂贵，所以房子应该更好地被装备。故选D。 √ 7．A.dealing with B．relying on C．focusing on D．giving out 解析：根据上文“have little or no central heating”可知，房屋很少或根本没有中央供暖系统，所以就要依靠人自己的体温了。故选B。 √ 8．A.using B．moving C．cleaning D．selling 解析：根据下文“we will be able to fold it away into wall cabinets”可知，我们不用沙发床的时候就把它折叠起来。故选A。 √ 9．A.demanded B．arranged C．measured D．enlarged 解析：根据上文“Houses could have moveable walls so that the same space can be”可知，房屋可以有可移动的墙壁，这样相同的空间就可以以不同的方式排列。故选B。 √ 10．A.produce B．wash C．store D．cook 解析：根据上文“fish tanks”和下文“fresh vegetables”可知，是在鱼缸里种菜，也就是生产菜。故选A。 √ 11．A.find B．save C．provide D．test 解析：根据上文“plants”和下文“oxygen for the fish”及常识可知，植物会给鱼提供氧气。故选C。 √ 12．A.spaces B．energy C．systems D．material 解析：根据下文“which can then be used to run the family car”可知，这些鱼缸将由生活垃圾提供动力，产生能量，然后驱动汽车。故选B。 √ 13．A.as B．if C．unless D．though 解析：根据下文“we might not all have cars”可知，此处表示“尽管我们可能不是每个人都有车”。故选D。 √ 14．A.more B．warmer C．less D．slower 解析：根据上文“Water will be more expensive”可知，水将更加昂贵，所以未来房子的设计要用更少的水。故选C。 √ 15．A.dirt B．water C．leaves D．hair 解析：根据上文“Washing machines and dishwashers”可知，洗衣机和洗碗机是用来洗掉污垢的。故选A。 16．A.future B．past C．life D．imagination 解析：根据上文“Water will be more expensive”可知，因为水很贵，所以就不会有私人游泳池，私人游泳池就成了过去。故选B。 √ 17．A.regularly B．suddenly C．nearly D．certainly 解析：根据下文“have more robots in our houses”可知，此处表示“当然，我们家里也会有更多的机器人”。故选D。 √ 18．A.designed B．discovered C．repaired D．collected 解析：根据上文“small robots”可知，小型机器人被设计来清洁冰箱或拉开窗帘。故选A。 √ 19．A.Old B．Additional C．Common D．Clever 解析：根据下文“tell us when food is about to go out of date and even suggest recipes”可知，这种能告诉我们食物快要过期了的冰箱是智能的，空格处用clever。故选D。 √ Ⅲ.语法填空 No one can foretell the future of technology exactly, because no one can see the future.However, there are reasonable arguments 1 (base) on the advances and trends in technology in the past.For example, it is reasonable to predict that computers 2 (continue) to become more powerful, numerous and 3 (cheap)．Areas with huge potential that are just beginning to be made use of today, like biotechnology, will continue to bear fruit. Technology in general will probably continue to improve, 4 (create) both promises and risks.In the area of computers, someone might interact with hundreds of embedded microchips (嵌入式微芯片) throughout the home and the office.In 5 future, it will be many thousands.Increasing bandwidth and decreasing costs will lead to 6 some have called “ubiquitous computing” —computers everywhere helping us with everything.Some viewers believe the next few 7 (decade) will be characterized by long-awaited revolutions in robotic technology.Other futurists see trends in automation technology leading to desktop factories that allow users 8 (make) objects from simple original parts. Apart from above areas, there are dozens if not hundreds of areas that will continue to advance technologically.One thing is 9 sure：the future will have better technology than the past did.But will we put 10 to better use? Only time and effort will tell. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们对计算机、自动化等科技的未来发展的猜想。 1．based　考查非谓语动词。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰前面的名词arguments，base和argument之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词作定语，短语be based on意为“基于……”，故填based。 2．will continue　考查将来时态。根据句中的predict可知，空处表示将来，本句为陈述句，用will＋动词原形，故填will continue。 3．cheaper　考查比较级。根据空前的more powerful可知，空处应用比较级，故填cheaper。 4．creating　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为非谓语动词；由语境可知，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填creating。 5．the　考查冠词。in the future为固定短语，表示“将来；在未来”，故填the。 6．what　考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作called的宾语，表示“所谓的……东西”，应用what，相当于the thing that。 7．decades　考查名词复数。根据空前few可知，空处应用可数名词复数形式，故填decades。 8．to make　考查不定式。allow sb.to do sth.为固定短语，表示“允许某人做某事”，空处应用不定式，故填to make。 9．for　考查介词。for sure为固定短语，表示“确信，肯定”，故填for。 10．it　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为代词，代替上一句中的technology，指物，故填it。 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. $$