UNIT 1 Section Ⅰ “Reading and Thinking”的课文习读环节(课件PPT)-【新课程学案】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（人教版2019）

把握单元 素养目标 主题意识 本单元主题围绕“卓有成就的人物”展开，探讨了一些中外人物的重大成就、经历和贡献，旨在帮助学生了解他们的共同品质。同时，还要关注身边的普通人，学习其优秀品行，明确奋斗方向，努力做有价值的人。 语法项目 理解并正确运用关系代词和关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句。 语言输入 听 听懂并理解探讨人物成就和人物品质的对话，理解赞同与不赞同。 读 阅读专题新闻报道和人物传记，理解其文体特征及语言特点。 看 会通过图文和视频，了解人物的信息和经历，获取有效信息。 续表 语言输出 写 能以书面形式介绍一位卓有成就的或身边的人物。 说 能运用填充语策略口头叙述人物经历和评价人物成就。 续表 Section Ⅰ “Reading and Thinking”的课文习读环节 NO 1 精阅读/提升阅读“理解力” NO 2 美表达/强化写作“基本功” NO 3 慧人生/以文化人“增才情” NO 4 课时跟踪检测 目 录 文意整体把握 Ⅰ.理清文脉结构 No.1 精阅读/提升阅读“理解力” winning discovering committed to fight against defeat analysed Ⅱ.把握主旨大意 1．What's the main idea of the text? A．The Nobel Prize. B．A Nobel Prize winner. C．The process of the research. D．A new treatment for malaria. √ 2．What can be inferred according to the last paragraph? A．Tu Youyou is a very modest person. B．Tu Youyou takes great pride in herself. C．Tu Youyou makes traditional Chinese medicine spread. D．Tu Youyou is surprised at the great prize. √ 文意深度理解 (一)阅读理解 1．Why did Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize? A．She saved millions of people's life in the world. B．She extracted artemisinin from the wormwood. C．She led her team to discover a new treatment for malaria. D．She was considered to have devoted more than other scientists. √ 2．Why did Tu Youyou's team study ancient Chinese medical texts? A．They believed ancient Chinese medical texts the best. B．They hoped to find a plant-based treatment for malaria. C．Tu Youyou's team members did hope to do her a favour. D．Tu Youyou felt only Chinese medical treatments could cure malaria. √ [Tip] “特征词”法巧解原因类推断题 原因类推断题主要是针对原文某处句子的正面理解。询问原因的题目信息源所在的句子通常含有表示目的的“特征词”，如“to do, aim, purpose, because, for, since, as a result of，作结果状语的现在分词”等。如第2题在原文中的信息源所在句中含“to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease”， 该不定式所表示的目的就是问题的答案。　　　　 3. What was the key to getting a good extract from the wormwood? A．Cooking wormwood. B．Dried wormwood. C．Common temperature. D．Lower temperature. √ 4．What caused the discovery of artemisinin according to Tu Youyou? A．Too many patients. B．Her good education. C．Team cooperation. D．Ancient Chinese medical texts. √ (二)阅读表达 1．Why does the passage contain more facts than personal opinions? To be more objective and more convincing. 2．Which do you think is more important for Tu Youyou, talent or effort? Give your reasons. I think effort is more important.Because only with non-stop efforts were she and her team able to get the right extract from wormwood. 3．What qualities do you think are most worth learning from Tu Youyou? Why? I think her spirit of being patient is most worth learning from.Because one has to depend on his being patient whatever he does. 内化读文技法 三方面获取新闻信息 本文的语篇类型为专题新闻报道，这种文体时效性强，内容比简单的新闻播报更加丰富。读文时可从以下三个方面获取新闻报道的重要信息： 1．关注标题和图片信息 利用标题和图片，可以判断语篇的来源和类型，并预测语篇的内容。本文标题是“TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE ”，其所附时间为“6 October 2015”，其插图为“屠呦呦获奖”和“青蒿”，说明这是一篇关于屠呦呦因青蒿而获得诺贝尔奖的报道，其内容是介绍人物和获奖的原因。 2．理清说明方法与行文逻辑 利用语篇类型特点，可以推断其说明方法和行文逻辑。本文是人物类新闻报道，其说明方法主要是“列举数据、叙述过程、引述原话”等。其行文逻辑为先介绍屠呦呦获奖，接着介绍屠呦呦生平、发现青蒿素的过程，最后介绍其意义和价值。 3．关注人物成就的影响和意义 人物专题新闻报道的结尾主要是说明人物的成就对社会的影响和意义。本文向读者报道了屠呦呦荣获诺贝尔奖这一重要消息，并介绍了她的生平经历和她带领团队为治疗疟疾发现并提取青蒿素的过程，说明了屠呦呦及其团队的科学研究过程的艰辛和发现青蒿素的伟大价值。 No.2 美表达/强化写作“基本功” (一)赏用词之妙 1．Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. 赏析：vital一词形象地表达出青蒿素在用于治疗疟疾方面所起的关键作用，也证明了屠呦呦在治疗疟疾方面取得了巨大成就，这也是她获得诺贝尔奖的一个主要原因。 2．Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. 赏析：insist on和on themselves形象地表达出屠呦呦和她的团队为保证新药的安全所做出的巨大牺牲，证明了研究人员的艰辛，也反映了他们献身医学研究的高尚品德。 仿写训练 ①(词汇升级)Undoubtedly, social customs provide a(n) important (＝ ) link between the present and the past. ②(完成句子)With grateful tears hanging in his eyes, he with a lot of money for helping him. 他眼里含着感激的泪水，坚持要给我们很多钱作为帮助他的酬谢。 vital insisted on rewarding us (二)赏句式之高 Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked. 赏析：该句中“Using a ...extract”部分是现在分词短语作状语，that worked是修饰a substance的定语从句。这种“现在分词短语＋复合句(含定语从句)”的句式是一种高级写作句式，分词短语部分强调了主语做事的方式，主干部分说明了主语做了什么事或者得到什么样的结果。 仿写训练/完成句子 ① , the father recorded the memorable scene. 父亲用相机记录下了这难忘的一幕。 ②The little problems may be inspirations for great inventions. 我们在日常生活中遇到的一些小问题可能是伟大发明的灵感来源。 Using the camera that we meet in our daily lives (三)赏数字之美 1．Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600,000 die from it. 赏析：句中的数据over 200 million和about 600,000，客观、准确地反映了当时世界各地人们饱受疟疾折磨、令人痛心的真实状况。这种使用具体数字的说明方法更具有说服力、更容易引起读者的情感共鸣。 2．Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties. 赏析：句中的数据over 2,000和evaluated 280,000，客观、准确地反映了屠呦呦团队为寻找有效且安全的药物原料而付出的艰辛和努力。引用数字是一种常用的说明方法，因为它更具说服力。 仿写训练/完成句子 ①As is shown in the chart, the students fairly like it, ___________________________. 如图所示，67.24%的学生相当喜欢它，而只有9%的学生不喜欢它。 ②The Great Wall is more than__________________________________ and 4－5 metres wide. 长城长6 000多公里，高6－7米，宽4－5米。 67.24 percent of 6,000 kilometres long, 6－7 metres high while only 9 percent dislike it (四)赏衔接之顺 Tu Youyou, ..., was born ..., on 30 December 1930, and graduated ...in 1955.After she graduated, ...In 1967, the Chinese government ...In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, ...In 1969, she became the head ..., ...for the disease. 赏析：该部分中，“on 30 December 1930, in 1955, In 1967, In 1969”等把屠呦呦一生中的主要事迹以时间先后顺序衔接起来，形成一条清晰的时间线。这种介绍人物生平的方法能让读者轻松地记住人物相关事件，体现了衔接之顺。 No.3 慧人生/以文化人“增才情” 古今中外，涌现出许许多多的卓有成就的人物。他们凭借着勤奋、执着和奉献精神，在不同领域脚踏实地，一路艰辛前行，最终创造出伟大成就，造福万千世人。他们是榜样、是领路人，他们的优秀品行和伟大精神时时刻刻指引着追梦人一路前行。我们应该以其榜样为引领，树立正确的人生观和价值观，明确奋斗的方向，规划好自己的人生道路。 Stephen Hawking Stephen Hawking was born on 8 January, 1942, in Oxford.He went to the University of Oxford to study physics in 1959.At the age of 21, when Hawking spent his first year at the University of Cambridge, physicians discovered he had a rare, slow-progressing form of ALS.He was only expected to live for a few years. 滴水穿石　 1．由文积词汇 physician n．　　　　　　　　 内科医生 slow-progressing adj. 进展缓慢的 speech-generating adj. 生成语言的 decline v. 下降 cease v. 停止 universe n. 宇宙 version n. 版本 2．据文悟句式 句①：关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。 句②：关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。 句③：as引导的时间状语从句。 句④：although引导的让步状语从句。 句⑤：that引导的宾语从句。 句⑥：that引导的表语从句。 句⑦：what引导的宾语从句。 No.4 课时跟踪检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The next time you have cheese, remember the French scientist Louis Pasteur who discovered that bad milk, and many diseases are caused by bacteria. Louis Pasteur is known as the father of microbiology.In his lifetime, he not only proved that bacteria are the cause of diseases, but also discovered the process of vaccination (接种疫苗) which has saved billions of lives. When Pasteur worked with chickens that were suffering from cholera (霍乱) during his experiments, he accidentally spread cholera to his chickens.Pasteur's chickens became mildly sick but did not die.This was strange as every chicken that came near cholera earlier had died.He realized soon that the cholera had become weak.By the time he tried again, the chickens he had cured earlier did not get cholera anymore.He realized that a weak cholera helped his chickens develop an antibody against it. Later, Pasteur went on to try this on cows, pigs and dogs.All his research helped him develop different vaccines.We now know that the process of vaccination introduces a weakened kind of bacteria into our body.Our body reacts by creating antibodies to fight the bacteria.Now, when our body comes across the same bacteria which are much stronger, it can fight them off. Louis Pasteur received numerous awards for the advancement of biology, chemistry, and medicine.He founded the Pasteur Institute to study diseases.It was the first university to teach microbiology and today there are 32 institutes across 29 countries.For every child vaccinated against a deadly disease, we have Louis Pasteur to thank. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了法国微生物学家Louis Pasteur，他发现了疫苗接种，拯救了亿万人类的生命。 1．What do we know about Louis Pasteur? A．His discoveries weren't used at his time. B．He discovered the connection between bacteria and diseases. C．He was a professor at the Pasteur Institute. D．His discoveries brought many profits and awards to him. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“The next time ...caused by bacteria.”可知，Louis Pasteur发现很多疾病是由细菌引起的。故选B。 √ 2．What can we learn from his experiment with chickens? A．Cholera was not a deadly disease then. B．Pasteur spread cholera to chickens on purpose. C．All chickens suffered from cholera died at last. D．The weakened cholera couldn't kill the living creatures. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“When Pasteur ...against it.”可推知，有些鸡感染了霍乱却没有死，因为它们感染的霍乱已经被削弱了，故被削弱的霍乱无法杀死活的生物。故选D。 3．What is the function of the process of vaccination? A．It builds up people's body. B．Without it, people will die. C．It improves people's ability to avoid diseases. D．It can kill all the diseases and make the sick healthy. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Later, ...them off.”可知，疫苗接种通过把弱化了的细菌注射进人体，使人体产生了对抗细菌的抗体，增强了应对感染的免疫力。因此疫苗接种过程的作用是它能提高人们避免疾病的能力。故选C。 4．Why does the author write the passage? A．Because he wants to honour Louis Pasteur and his contribution to the world. B．Because he wants to show the discoveries of the vaccination. C．Because be wants to call on children to learn from Louis Pasteur. D．Because he wants to introduce an important invention in microbiology. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Louis Pasteur ..., we have Louis Pasteur to thank.”并结合本文介绍了微生物学家Louis Pasteur，他发现了疫苗接种，拯救了亿万人类的生命。由此可以推测，本文写作目的在于缅怀这位伟大的科学家，提醒我们不要忘记他的卓越贡献。故选A。 B After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance — curiosity and discontent.I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either.And I have never known an average man who had both.The two belong together. Together, these deep human urges (驱策力) count for much more than ambition.Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why？” Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don't have to be learned.We are born with them and need only recapture them. “The great man，” said Mencius, “is he who does not lose his child's heart.” Yet most of us do lose it.We stop asking questions.We stop challenging customs.We just follow the crowd.And the crowd desires restful average.It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied. Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation.But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance.We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake. How should you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged.I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself.She was curious about how the experts did it.How she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement. One way to begin is to answer your own excuses.You haven't any special ability? Most people don't; there are only a few geniuses.You haven't any time? That's good, because it's always the people with no time who get things done.Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom's Cabin while cooking.You're too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78. However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了获得成就的两个关键因素——好奇心和不满足。 5．In writing paragraph 1, the author aims to ________. A．propose a definition B．make a comparison C．reach a conclusion D．present an argument √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“After years of observing human nature ...The two belong together.”可知，作者经过多年对人性的观察，认为成就非凡的人和平庸的人的区别在于好奇心和不满足，而且两者是相辅相成的。因此，作者写第一段的目的是提出一个论点。 6．What does the example of Galileo tell us? A．Trial and error leads to the finding of truth. B．Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious. C．Creativity results from challenging authority. D．Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, ‘Why? Why? Why？’”可推断，伽利略的例子告诉我们，伟大来自持久的探索欲望。 7．What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent? A．Observe the unknown around you. B．Develop a questioning mind. C．Lead a life of adventure. D．Follow the fashion. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的最后一句以及第四段中的“‘The great man，’ said Mencius ...We just follow the crowd.”可知，你可以通过培养一个善于提问的头脑来重新获得好奇心和不满足。 8．What could be the best title of the passage? A．Curious Minds Never Feel Contented B．Reflections on Human Nature C．The Keys to Achievement D．Never Too Late to Learn √ 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段“After years of observing human nature ...The two belong together.”及下文论述可知，本文主要论述了获得成就的两个关键因素——好奇心和不满足。所以“The Keys to Achievement(成就的关键)”作为文章标题最为合适。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Being the BEST：Common Qualities of Nobel Prize winners Once again, we celebrate the Nobel Prize winners and how they expand our knowledge, improve our planet, and enrich our lives.These awards have showed some intellectuals do contribute substantially in advancing our progress.__9__. Thinking outside the box __10__.It allows us to look past and think ahead.The limit of knowledge is our inability to observe the world and ideas in a new way.Albert Einstein, for example, needed to see beyond the Newtonian understanding of the universe to rewrite the concepts of physics.Nobel Prize winners frequently display enormous amounts of open-mindedness. Acting with persistence People somehow get the false impression that breakthroughs happen during a sudden moment of understanding.A light shining on their face, music bursts into the background, and the person immediately discovers some previously hidden answer.Although this scene is wonderful for movies, usually gaining new understandings is a much more complicated process.__11__.Those who won Novel Prize persist when others gave up.Only those with enormous amounts of persistence can work past these obstacles. __12__ Cooperation motivates us, and allows us to consider alternative ideas.These activities create an atmosphere of creation and learning.Additionally, many Nobel Prizes are awarded to multiple people, since the work was accomplished by an assortment (各式各样的) of intellectuals working together. These traits exist as similarities among Nobel Prize winners.__13__.However, even if you do not achieve this admirable goal, you will indeed have a much greater chance of success in whatever you pursue. A．Working in groups B．Considering alternative ideas C．Creativity is one of the most important human resources D．As for us, we can still learn from the common qualities of the winners E．Years of devotion, frustration, and even failure usually come before success F．Of course, displaying these qualities does not mean certainly winning a Noble Prize G．The Nobel Prizes are the most significant awards given for extraordinary achievements 语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔奖得主的共同品质，并激励我们学习这些品质从而取得成功。 9．选D　根据上文“These awards ...progress.”可知，知识分子为了人类的进步做出了重大贡献。而下文则提到了这些知识分子的一些品质。选项D(对我们来说，我们仍然可以从获奖者的共同品质中学习)承上启下，引出下文所列举的这些品质。故选D。 10．选C　根据下文内容“It allows us ...open-mindedness.”可知，本段主要讲述的是这些获奖者通常有创造性思维，对思想表现出极大的包容心。选项C(创造力是最重要的人力资源之一)与下文内容一致，指的是创造力的重要性。故选C。 11．选E　根据空后内容“Those who won ...obstacles.”可知，诺贝尔奖获奖者通常会在别人放弃的时候坚持下去才取得了成功。选项E(在成功之前，通常要经历多年的投入、挫折甚至失败)内容上和空前“Although ...complicated process.”保持一致，指出成功是一个复杂的过程，同时也引出下文内容，指的是成功离不开坚持不懈。故选E。 12．选A　空处为小标题，概括本段主要内容。根据下文“Cooperation motivates us, ...working together.”可知，本段主要讲述的是合作学习或团体工作是非常重要的。选项A“Working in groups (小组合作)”能概括下文内容。故选A。 13．选F　根据空前“These traits exist as similarities among Nobel Prize winners.”可知，诺贝尔获奖者大多拥有上文提到的品质。选项F(当然，表现出这些品质并不意味着一定能获得诺贝尔奖)延续上文内容，指的是虽然诺贝尔获奖者大多拥有这些品质，但是并不是说拥有这些品质就可以获得诺贝尔奖。同时引出下文“However, ...you pursue.”，即便不能获得诺贝尔奖，我们也可以学习这些品质，帮助自己成功。故选F。 本课结束 Hawking later found a job at the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge.In the early stages of his career, his illness got worse, but he was allowed to do research only rather than teach，.In 1985, he had to have an operation.As a result, he lost his speech.Soon his doctors developed a piece of speech-generating equipment .However, ， he lost the use of his hands. ， he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes. Hawking believed (the“Big Bang”) created many small black holes.His theory was centre of a black hole.This hole led to another universe, completely separate from our own. Hawking also wrote books.His 1988 book, A Brief History of Time：From the Big Bang to Black Holes, sold one copy for every 750 people on Earth.However, many people could not really understand.Therefore, Hawking decided to write a simpler version, A Briefer History of Time (2005)． $$