UNIT 2 Section Ⅴ “Extended reading”的课文习读环节(课件PPT)-【新课程学案】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册（译林版2020）

Section Ⅴ　“Extended reading” 的课文习读环节 目 录 课文阅读理解 课文写法借鉴 课时检测 课文阅读理解 (一)理清文脉结构 泛读课文，完成以下学习任务 physically and mentally culture moves history bored my coach look into more energetic more confident stressful (二)把握主旨大意 1．What's the main idea of the text? A．The history of tai chi. B．The experience of practising tai chi and its effect. C．How to keep balance. D．The difficulty in learning tai chi. √ 2．What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about? A．The ancient Chinese culture. B．Chinese philosophy of yin and yang. C．The essence of tai chi. D．The positive effect of tai chi. √ (一)阅读理解 1．How were the author's first few tai chi classes? A．Boring and easy.　 B．Fun and difficult. C．Fun and easy. D．Strange and amazing. √ 精读课文，完成以下学习任务 2．What's the characteristic of tai chi according to this passage? A．Imitating animals. B．Being based on martial arts skills. C．The graceful movements. D．The unique eastern cultural features. √ 3．How many types of tai chi are mentioned in the passage? A．Two.　 B．Three.　　 C．Four.　　 D．Five. √ 4．What is the source of tai chi? A．Chinese martial arts. B．The Chinese philosophy of yin and yang. C．The equal and opposite forces. D．A state of physical balance. √ [Tip] 排除常识干扰定选项 将常识与文中的观点相混淆是阅读理解中常见的设误手法，因其迷惑性强，学生很容易错选。破解这类题目的办法是立足原文，做到所选必有所依，即正确选项必须能在原文找到依据。如本题的A选项为常识看法，但非正确答案，正确答案要根据文章倒数第二段的第二句来判断。　　　　 5．How long has the author practised tai chi? A．More than one year. B．Two years. C．Six months. D．A month. √ (二)阅读表达 1．What benefits does tai chi bring the author? Tai chi has had a huge effect on the author physically and mentally.Also it inspired the author to explore the Chinese culture behind it. 2．Why does tai chi appeal to many people, especially elderly people? Unlike many exercise systems or sports, one valuable aspect of tai chi is that it can be done by anyone who can stand up.You can practice tai chi/taiji whether you are fat or thin, healthy or just out of bed after major surgery, young, middle-aged or very old. |阅|读|技|能|提|升| 抓文章主线，理行文脉络 本文属于人物故事类记叙文。此类文章一般是通过一个贯穿全文的线索，把不同的事物、人物串联起来。该线索可能是一个物体、一件事、一句话或作者的某种情感等。本文则是一篇以时间为主线的文章，阅读时应注意查找提示时间的关键词、句，如When my friend first suggested that ...; After the first class ...; One year later; The first few tai chi classes ...; After learning the basics of tai chi ...等。再根据这些关键词、句来梳理文章脉络，把握作者学习太极拳前后生理和心理的变化。 课文写法借鉴 (一)赏用词之妙　 1．I always believed tai chi was for old people. 赏析：本句中的“always”贴切地表达出作者对于太极拳长期以来的看法，为后文讲述对太极拳认知的改变埋下伏笔。 2．After the first class, however, I had to admit that I had been wrong about tai chi.It was amazing! 赏析：be wrong about意为“误解……；在……方面是错的”，此处用于表示作者认识到自己原来对太极拳的认知存在错误。“It was amazing！”中的“amazing”一词表达了作者对太极拳看法的改变。amaze (vt.使人惊奇，让人惊喜)一词，其-ing形式表示“令人惊喜的”，其-ed形式表示“感到惊奇的”。-ing形式的形容词常用于修饰事物，表示事物的性质或特征；而-ed形式的形容词常用于修饰人，表示人的心理状态。 3．One year later, I can honestly say it has had a huge effect on me physically and mentally. 赏析：本句中的“honestly”表明作者的心声，强调了太极拳确实对其身心健康起到了重要作用。 4．Luckily, my coach taught me how to relax my muscles and focus on peace of mind while performing the routine. 赏析：本句中使用副词luckily作评注性状语，表达了作者的心情：对教练及时发现自己的问题并加以矫正感到庆幸不已。正是教练的帮助让作者避免了半途而废，最终才能从太极拳的学习中获得益处。 5．With these requirements of tai chi in mind, I found to my satisfaction that my balance and flexibility slowly improved ... 赏析：本句中的“to my satisfaction”准确表达了作者对自己的学习进度感到满意，学习太极拳的兴趣更加浓厚。“to＋one's＋情感名词”主要表示某人由于某事的发生而唤起其内心的某种情感，常译为“令某人……的是，使某人感到……的是”。 ①My deskmate during class. 我的同桌总是在课堂上说话。 ② , the two men were not hurt in the accident. 幸运的是，这两个人在事故中都没有受伤。 [提能训练]　完成句子 is always talking Luckily ③ , our class won the first prize in the English speech competition. 使每个人都满意的是，我们班在英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。　　 To everyone's satisfaction (二)赏句式之高　 1．When I asked my coach where these interesting names came from, he told me about the history of tai chi. 赏析：此处，when引导的时间状语从句中包含连接副词where引导的宾语从句。高级句式的恰当运用使得文章句式更丰富多变，表达效果更鲜明，更能彰显作者的语言功底。 2．I sleep better at night, and I am more energetic during the day.I feel happier and more confident. 赏析：此处在描写太极拳带给自己的积极影响时，使用了“better、 more energetic、 happier、 more confident”等一系列比较级，对身心的变化进行了对比说明。 3．Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind, enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations. 赏析：本句中使用了现在分词短语“enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations”作结果状语，表达了太极拳训练给作者带来的好处。相对于结果状语从句，现在分词的使用简化了句式结构，让表达更灵活。 4．I am sure I will continue to practise tai chi and enjoy the benefits it has brought me. 赏析：本句中使用了“I am sure ...”引导的复合句，给句子增加了亮点。sure一词的使用与前文作者的犹豫不决相呼应，准确地表达了作者对于太极拳态度的变化。 (1)翻译句子 ①我们已修建了许多条公路，使得人们的旅行更加方便。 We have built many roads, making it more convenient for people to travel. ②我相信做运动对我们的健康有益。 I'm sure that playing sports is beneficial to our health. [提能训练] (2)根据提示完成下面语段： After years of management (治理) by the Chinese government, the environment has become much ① (good) all over the country.The air is much ② (fresh) and the water is much ③_______ (clear)．There is ④ (little) pollution and ⑤ (few) noises.The sky is ⑥ (blue) than ever before.⑦ (many) people go to the countryside for a visit, enjoying ⑧ (many) better fresher clearer less fewer bluer More more environmentally friendly vegetables and fruit, which are ⑨_________ (healthy) and of ⑩ (high) quality.People now are living an ⑪______ (easy), ⑫ (convenient) and ⑬_________ (happy) life. healthier higher easier more convenient happier (三)赏衔接之顺　 When my friend first suggested that we join the new Tai Chi Club at school, I hesitated. I always believed tai chi was for old people.After the first class, however, I had to admit that I had been wrong about tai chi.It was amazing! One year later, I can honestly say it has had a huge effect on me physically and mentally.Just as importantly, practising tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it. 赏析：本段使用了时间顺序词first、 after the first class和one year later将几个事件衔接起来，以时间为线索描述了事情的发展和情感的变化过程。常用的表示时间顺序的词语有：at first、 then、 later、 afterwards、 meanwhile、 finally、 at last、 in the end、 eventually等。段尾的“Just as importantly”起到衔接过渡的作用，自然地引出了作者的另一个观点，顺畅地导入了后文的内容。 课时检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A No history of Wushu in the West African state of Liberia would be complete without mentioning one man.He has devoted his life to Chinese martial arts.As a martial arts lover, Pewee Russian was determined to change his country's perception of Chinese martial arts, seen by many as a violent foreign culture. Against all difficulties, Russian devoted his life to learning Wushu and by the late 1990s he was becoming an expert.At that time, fewer than five people in the entire country were taking an interest in Wushu, he says.As a boy, Russian lived with his foster parents, who attempted to distract him from martial arts.He found it “tiring and challenging” to keep his mind on Wushu.They told him that learning martial arts was a dead end, but nevertheless he persisted. When civil war began ravaging the country at the end of 1990, it proved a setback for his Wushu studies.When the war was over, after more than 15 years, Wushu was almost extinct.However, Russian still carried the passion in his heart. “One of the things that really drew me closer to Chinese martial arts is the discipline, the culture — it makes your mind disciplined.I think Wushu is my calling，” he says. In 2010, the Chinese embassy in Monrovia awarded him a short-term study course at the Shaolin Temple.When he returned to his country in 2011，Russian led efforts to establish the Liberia National Wushu Association.He won an international medal on behalf of his country in 2016 at the Zhengzhou International Shaolin Wushu Festival.Since then, as a master, he has been inspiring others to share his enthusiasm.Russian is now the face of martial arts in Liberia. However, Russian still regrets failing to attend the Beijing Olympics in 2008.He was the third best martial artist on the African continent that year but lack of finance kept him away from the Games. To make up for this lost opportunity, he is working diligently to train the next generation of champions, ensuring that he keeps the spirit of Wushu alive in the country. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个武术爱好者Russian，包括他对中国武术的热爱，他学习武术遇到的重重困难和阻力及其获奖的经历，以及他在自己国家创办武术联盟的经历。 1．What do we know about Pewee Russian? A．He got a medal in the Beijing Olympics. B．He thought Wushu can help protect his country. C．He is now his country's representative of Wushu. D．He was the third best martial artist in his country. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Russian is now the face of martial arts in Liberia.”可知，Russian现在是利比里亚武术的代表。 2．What difficulties did Pewee Russian face when learning Wushu? A．His foster parents didn't support him. B．Wushu almost disappeared in Africa. C．He lacked money for his Wushu studies. D．His country started a war against another country. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Russian和他的养父母住在一起，他们试图分散他对武术的注意力。他们告诉他学武术是死路一条。由此可推知，他的养父母并不支持他学习武术。 3．Which of the following can best describe Pewee Russian? A．Crazy and reliable. B．Generous and hard-working. C．Persistent and considerate. D．Passionate and determined. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Russian对于武术有着强烈的热情；根据最后一段内容可知，Russian在自己国家发扬武术精神的决心非常大。 4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To spread Chinese culture. B．To introduce a Wushu lover. C．To encourage Sino-African relations. D．To promote values of martial arts. √ 解析：写作意图题。文章讲述了Russian对武术的热爱，学习武术遇到的重重困难和阻力，他到中国学习武术及获奖的经历，还讲述了他在自己国家创办武术联盟的经历。这些内容都是为了向读者介绍一个武术爱好者的经历。 B Tobogganing, or sledding (雪橇), likely comes before the colonization of North America.Records show that Canada's First Peoples used small sleds to transport their belongings and food between camps, Raymond Flower writes in The History of Skiing and Other Winter Sports.But modern-day sled races can trace their origins back to the Swiss Alps in the late 1800s when British tourists decided to race in wooden luges (a sled used by one person) that locals had used to travel through snow.The origin is debatable in snowy northern New York, however, where there's evidence that Albany held bobsled (a sled used by two or more people) races as early as 1885. Wherever they began, sled races quickly became popular.The famous Cresta Run, named after the Swiss town near the base of its course, was built in 1885 using snowbanks.The first organized competition was in 1898, hosted by the first bobsled club in nearby St.Moritz (a city in Switzerland)．It was then that sledding began to separate from the luge to include two new sports: bobsledding, and skeleton sledding (俯式冰橇)． Cresta Run is considered the birthplace of the skeleton, a particularly daring form of sledding.Unlike the luge, where competitors ride feet-first on a sled with metal runners, the skeleton sledding is a steel sled with a slim appearance.Riders lie down on the sled headfirst, then drop suddenly down an ice track.Bobsledding, meanwhile, involves teams of two to four in which the person in front controls directions and the player in back brakes when needed.It earned its name after competitors started swinging back and forth to speed up the sled. Bobsledding initially overtook skeleton sledding in popularity, becoming one of a handful of sports played at the first Winter Games in 1924.The skeleton sledding was limited to the Cresta Run for decades because other bob runs around the world were not built for the steel skeleton sled.But in the 1970s, adjustments were made to both the skeleton and bob runs in order to include the event at future winter games. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雪橇运动在瑞士的发展。 5．What can we infer about Raymond Flower? A．He is a writer. B．He is good at sledding. C．He invented the sledding race. D．He set the first record of sledding. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知，Raymond Flower是一位作家。 √ 6．How does skeleton sledding differ from the luge? A．Skeleton sledding runs on metal runners. B．Skeleton sledding doesn't have back brakes. C．Riders on skeleton sledding sled with their feet. D．Skeleton sledding needs players to lie down on it headfirst. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，俯式冰橇与无舵雪橇的不同之处是俯式冰橇需要运动员在滑行时头朝下躺在上面。 7．What limited the popularity of skeleton sledding? A．Its special shape. B．Its speed. C．Its steel runners. D．Its unsuitable adjustments. 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The skeleton sledding was limited to the Cresta Run for decades because other bob runs around the world were not built for the steel skeleton sled.”可知，限制俯式冰橇普及的是它的钢骨架。 √ √ 8．What can be the best title for the text? A．Why is sledding so popular? B．How did sledding develop in Switzerland? C．What are sledding adventures about? D．How did people kill time in North America? 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段可知，文章介绍了雪橇运动在瑞士的发展，故B项“雪橇是如何在瑞士发展起来的？”适合作本文标题。 C You know that sitting on your behind all day is bad for your health.But recent research brings some good news for those of us whose work demands that we stay parked at a desk: Your daily exercise protects your brain, even if you're otherwise sedentary (久坐的)． That's because it helps keep your brain's cortex (大脑皮层) thick and healthy.With age, the cortex naturally thins, a process known as cortical thinning, which has been connected with age-related cognitive decline (认知下降)． To find out, a group of scientists from British Columbia measured the activity levels, sedentary behavior, and cortical thickness of 30 adults, with the average age of 61, who had taken part in another study on increasing exercise and reducing sedentary time among adults with disease of the knees.The researchers tracked (追踪) the participants' exercise and sedentary time using health trackers for seven days.The group got an average of 70 minutes of gentle to energetic physical activity each day, and they spent nearly 12 hours a day doing nothing fiercer than reading a book or surfing the web outside of their daily exercise.When the researchers researched the data, they found that high levels of physical activity were connected with greater cortical thickness, especially in the frontal areas, no matter how long their sedentary time is.There was no link between less thickness and thinning with greater amounts of sedentary behavior outside of exercise. Keeping your cortex thick with regular exercise can help you fend off brain disease.According to the study, meeting the present exercise guidelines of at least 150 minutes a week — less than a half hour a day — of moderate (适度的) to active exercise reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease by up to 38 percent.Running at a 10-minutes-per-mile pace has a value of 9.8 METs, meaning it forces you to use about 10 times the oxygen than you do at rest.So even those easy runs can help you keep a healthy brain. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明了即使你平时久坐不动，通过有规律的锻炼也能保持大脑健康。 9．Why can daily exercise contribute to your brain health? A．Daily exercise makes you healthy. B．Cognitive decline is related to age. C．Your brain's cortex is getting thicker. D．Your brain's cortex is in good condition. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Your daily exercise protects your brain, even if you're otherwise sedentary.”以及第二段第一句“That's because it helps keep your brain's cortex thick and healthy.”可知，日常锻炼有助于保持大脑皮层状态良好，从而促进大脑健康。 10．What can we learn about sedentary time from the third paragraph? A．Researchers find it is connected with disease of knees. B．Scientists advise people to pay more attention to it. C．It won't affect people's health with high levels of sedentary. D．It is connected with high levels of physical activity of people. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可知，久坐不动不会影响人们的健康。 11．What does the underlined phrase “fend off” in the last paragraph mean? A．Prevent.　　　　 B．Discover. C．Forecast. D．Treat. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语后文可知，经常锻炼大脑皮层可以帮助你抵御脑部疾病。由此推知，画线短语意为“防止，预防”，与A项词义相近。 √ 12．What's the text mainly about? A．Proper exercise can keep your brain healthy. B．Exercise can avoid age-related cognitive decline. C．Sitting on your behind all day is bad for your health. D．Exercise keeps your brain healthy even if you're sedentary. √ 解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Your daily exercise protects your brain, even if you're otherwise sedentary.”及后文介绍可知，即便你久坐不动也可以通过锻炼保持大脑健康。故D项符合文章主旨。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Most people think Chinese martial arts are all about kicking, punching and fighting. 13 It is slow, calm and peaceful. Tai chi dates back to the mid-17th century in Wen county in Henan Province.UNESCO recently added it to its Intangible Cultural Heritage List.Although tai chi is an ancient martial art, it is still quite popular today. 14 People do tai chi as a way to stay fit.Unlike other exercises, it is “soft” — the muscles are not tensed, the joints are not fully bent, and you don't need to stretch (伸展) your body too much. 15 You can practice it almost anytime and anywhere without equipment.It is believed that practicing tai chi can help us have better control of our bodies so that we can stand, walk and run better. 16 You can control them better.Slow movements also allow you to take deep, long breaths.This is good for your body. But tai chi's benefits go beyond the physical. 17 Tai chi has taught them the value of living more slowly.Just as a Peruvian woman who has practiced tai chi for more than 10 years says, “Practicing tai chi is like speaking with my soul.” A．This means many can do it. B．But tai chi is the other way around. C．It's a practical way for one to further balance. D．You need to keep a healthy balance in all things. E．It has over 100 million fans in more than 150 countries. F．For some people, it's not only a sport, but also a way of life. G．During slow movements, you can concentrate on your hands and feet. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太极拳对人们健康的好处。 13．选B　上文说明大多数人对中国武术有刻板印象，认为中国武术就是拳打脚踢。下文指出它是缓慢的、平静的、平和的，说明设空处与上文构成转折关系。故B项符合语境。 14．选E　上文说明太极拳起源早，历史悠久，至今仍然很受欢迎。设空处位于段尾，起总结上文的作用。故E项“它在150多个国家拥有超过1亿的粉丝”符合语境。 15．选A　上说明了太极拳与其他锻炼的不同之处；下文说明练习太极对于很多人来说是可以轻易做到的，可以随时随地练习。故A项“这意味着很多人都能做到”承上启下，符合语境。 16．选G　下文说明太极拳缓慢的动作对身体有好处。设空处位于段首，总领下文。故G项“在缓慢的动作中，你可以集中精力在你的手脚上”衔接下文，符合语境。 17．选F　上文说明太极拳的好处不仅仅是身体上的，下文说明太极拳教会了他们放慢生活节奏的价值。设空处承上启下，下文是对设空处的举例。故F项“对一些人来说，它不仅是一项运动，也是一种生活方式”符合语境。 $$