精品解析：广东省梅州市兴宁市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

高三英语10月考试题 2024-10-11 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Choose Your One-Day Tours! Tour A — Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge — ￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter. Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum. Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years. Tour B — Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’s Church Tower and Anne Hathaway’s house — ￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter. Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England’s oldest university city and colleges. Look over the “city of dreaming spires (尖顶)” from St Mary’s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder. Tour C — Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace — ￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VIII’s favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze (迷宫) where it is easy to get lost! Tour D — Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great — ￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century. 1. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city? A. Tour A. B. Tour B. C. Tour C. D. Tour D. 2. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March? A. Cambridge. B. Oxford & Stratford. C. Bath & Stonehenge. D. Windsor Castle & Hampton Court. 3. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction? A. It is a world-famous castle. B. It is the oldest palace in Britain. C. It used to be a well-known maze. D. It used to be the residence of royal families. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一日游的四条旅游路线。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tour B中的“Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England’s oldest university city and colleges. (牛津：包括在导游的带领下参观英国最古老的大学城和学院。)”可知如果你想参观英国最古老的大学城，可以选择Tour B，故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tour A 中的“Bath & Stonehenge — ￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter. (Bath & Stonehenge —3月26日之前为37英镑，3月26日之后为39英镑。)”， Tour B 中的“Oxford & Stratford — ￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter. (Oxford & Stratford — 3月12日前为32英镑，之后为36英镑。)”，Tour C 中的“Windsor Castle & Hampton Court — ￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter. (Windsor Castle & Hampton Court — 3月11日前为34英镑，之后为37英镑。)”，Tour D 中的“Cambridge — ￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter. (Cambridge — 3月18日前为33英镑，之后为37英镑。)”，可知在3月17日Cambridge收费最低，故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tour C中的“With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. (汉普顿宫有500年的历史，曾经是四位国王和一位女王的家。现在，这座昔日的皇家宫殿作为一个主要的旅游景点向公众开放。)”可知汉普顿宫是一个主要的旅游景点是因为它过去是皇室的住所。故选D。 B They talk about the straw that broke the camel's back, but really it should be the password that wiped out my memory bank. I was going along the -with instant recall of my bank PIN（密码）, my mobile phone number and the date of my cousin's birthday before I downloaded a gas station payment app for its new customer discount. It asked me to create a password. When I typed in “gas 1”, it was rejected for not being complex enough. I tried again: “I Hate Hearless Oil Companies@”. But that was too long and didn’t include “at least one number”. But here is the thing: as soon as 1 added the fresh password into my memory, I instantly forgot all the others. My brain had hit its limit for passwords. I now know nothing. I had entered some passwords in a notebook. Of course, I didn't write down the actual passwords, in case it fell into the wrong hands. Instead, I masked them in a way that only a family member could figure them out. For example, I combined my bank PIN with our postal code, then added it to a list of phone numbers. It would fool even Albert Einstein. Maybe we need a system like the one we use to remember people's names. You know, you form an association between a person's characteristics and their name by whispering “Skinny George, Skinny George”in heart after meeting them. The risk is that, upon seeing him, you’ll burst out the phrase. “Skinny George” might not mind, but it’s possible “Boring Betty” will. As for remembering passwords as you change them, you could simply use the first and last letters of your favorite singer's greatest hits, together with the year of their release. Maybe I’ll try that one out—but only after describing the system in the notebook. Then I'll hide it in a place so secret that I'll never remember where it is. 4. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs? A. He fell for a marketing trick. B. He was driven mad by passwords. C. He had a serious memory disorder. D. He was rejected by the gas station. 5. By mentioning Albert Einstein in paragraph 3, the author intends to ______ . A. show how secure his passwords were B. challenge the intelligence of scientists C. prove the uselessness of his passwords D. promote a more scientific password system 6. What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A. To encourage readers to use password notebooks. B. To recommend a password-remembering method. C. To complain about the trouble caused by passwords. D. To point out the importance of using complex passwords. 7. What is the tone of the text? A. Inspiring. B. Indifferent. C. Humorous. D. Serious. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者以一种幽默风趣的方式抱怨自己被各种各样的复杂密码所累。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“They talk about the straw that broke the camel's back, but really it should be the password that wiped out my memory bank.(他们说的是压垮骆驼背的稻草，但实际上应该是密码毁掉了我的记忆库。)”以及第二段“as soon as 1 added the fresh password into my memory, I instantly forgot all the others. My brain had hit its limit for passwords. I now know nothing.(当我把新密码添加到我的记忆中时，我立刻忘记了所有其他密码。我的大脑已经达到了密码的极限。我现在什么都不知道。)”可知作者更新了密码之后却忘记了，被密码所累，分析四个选项，B项“He was driven mad by passwords(他被密码逼疯了)”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“I masked them in a way that only a family member could figure them out. For example, I combined my bank PIN with our postal code, then added it to a list of phone numbers. It would fool even Albert Einstein(我把密码设置了一种只有家庭成员才能认出的方式。例如，我将我的银行PIN与我们的邮政编码结合起来，然后将其添加到电话号码列表中。它甚至会愚弄阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦)”可知，下文是对上文中作者提到的密码设置很复杂进行说明，故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“They talk about the straw that broke the camel's back, but really it should be the password that wiped out my memory bank.(他们说的是压垮骆驼背的稻草，但实际上应该是密码毁掉了我的记忆库。)”以及最后一段“Maybe I’ll try that one out—but only after describing the system in the notebook. Then I'll hide it in a place so secret that I'll never remember where it is.(也许我会试试这个——但只有在笔记本上描述了这个系统之后。然后我会把它藏在一个秘密的地方，我永远不会记得它在哪里。)”可知本文主要内容为作者抱怨密码设置带来的麻烦，故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“as soon as 1 added the fresh password into my memory, I instantly forgot all the others. My brain had hit its limit for passwords. I now know nothing.(当我把新密码添加到我的记忆中时，我立刻忘记了所有其他密码。我的大脑已经达到了密码的极限。我现在什么都不知道。)”、第三段“I masked them in a way that only a family member could figure them out. For example, I combined my bank PIN with our postal code, then added it to a list of phone numbers. It would fool even Albert Einstein(我把密码设置了一种只有家庭成员才能认出的方式。例如，我将我的银行PIN与我们的邮政编码结合起来，然后将其添加到电话号码列表中。它甚至会愚弄阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦)”以及最后一段“Maybe I’ll try that one out—but only after describing the system in the notebook. Then I'll hide it in a place so secret that I'll never remember where it is.(也许我会试试这个——但只有在笔记本上描述了这个系统之后。然后我会把它藏在一个秘密的地方，我永远不会记得它在哪里。)”可知作者在本文中以一种幽默风趣的方式抱怨自己被各种各样的复杂密码所累，因此本文的风格是幽默诙谐，故选C项。 C New technologies tend to cause a cycle of concern, disorder, and conflict before eventually being accepted. Recent writings about artificial intelligence (AI) and other advances in computer science suggest that we are preparing to welcome the final stage of this latest round of invention. The Last Human Job, sociologist Allison Pugh’s new book centered on caregiving and human connection in the age of automation, warns readers against unreserved acceptance of these technological advances, citing “connective labor” as valuable human work that will not be easily replaced by algorithms (算法). “Absent from discussions about AI and automation,” Pugh argues, “is the impact that these systems might have on the emotional understandings we build of ourselves and others.” Pugh sets the stage by arguing for the value of human connection and the importance of both seeing and being seen by others. “Practitioners (从业者) said they gained a sense of purpose simply from the opportunity of observing people at their most defenseless,” she observes. She then provides a summary of how care work is being increasingly automated, showing how quantification and measurement have taken over many aspects of human-facing jobs, leaving little room for doctors, teachers, and others to build connection. “When one goes to a doctor or a teacher, the encounter is full of the potential for shame, a risk that makes it all the more powerful when practitioners show empathic (同理心的) reflection,” writes Pugh. In chapter 8, she explains how such interactions can be done right. Research conducted by herself and others identifies three key aspects supporting connective labor: “relational design”, or how people are set up to interact with one another; “connective culture,” or shared practices and beliefs that influence how people interact; and “resource distribution,” which includes time given for interaction, worker-to-client rates, and the extent of technology and data use, among other factors. Pugh concludes by arguing that we need a social movement for connection. “We need to fight for what we might call our ‘social health’,” she maintains. 8. What is the main concern of Allison Pugh’s new book? A. The impact of AI on future employment. B. The approach to living and working with AI. C. The increasing role of technology in caregiving. D. The value of connective labor in the age of automation. 9. Why does the author mention “practitioners” in paragraph 3? A. To explain how to do care work. B. To argue against the automation technology. C. To prove the significance of human connection. D. To discuss the challenges of privacy in caregiving. 10. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. The encounter. B. The shame. C. The risk. D. The potential. 11. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The overview of chapter 8. B. The effective way to interact. C. The new trend of caregiving. D. The factors of avoiding shame. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社会学家Allison Pugh的新书《最后的人类工作》，该书强调在自动化时代保持人际关系和连接性劳动的重要性，呼吁社会为“社会健康”而战。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Last Human Job, sociologist Allison Pugh’s new book centered on caregiving and human connection in the age of automation, warns readers against unreserved acceptance of these technological advances, citing “connective labor” as valuable human work that will not be easily replaced by algorithms (算法). (社会学家Allison Pugh的新书《最后的人类工作》聚焦于自动化时代的看护和人际关系，该书警告读者不要毫无保留地接受这些技术进步，称“连接性劳动”是有价值的人类工作，不会轻易被算法取代)”可知，这本新书主要关注的是自动化时代连接性劳动的价值。故选D项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Pugh sets the stage by arguing for the value of human connection and the importance of both seeing and being seen by others. “Practitioners (从业者) said they gained a sense of purpose simply from the opportunity of observing people at their most defenseless,” she observes. (Pugh通过论证人际关系的价值以及看到和被他人看到的重要性奠定了基础。她说：“从业者说，他们获得了一种目的感，仅仅是因为有机会观察人们最无助的时候。”)”可知，此处先指出Pugh论证了人际关系的价值，以及看到和被他人看到的重要性，然后提到从业者的想法，他们通过看到他人而获得目的感。由此推知，作者提到从业者是为了证明人际关系的重要性。故选C项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词的上文“When one goes to a doctor or a teacher, the encounter is full of the potential for shame (当一个人去看医生或老师时，这种相遇充满了羞耻的可能性)”和下文“all the more powerful when practitioners show empathic (同理心的) reflection (当从业者表现出共情反思时，这一切都更加强大)”可推知，正是与他人的相遇有可能会有羞耻感，所以从业者具备的共情反思才会使遭遇变得强大，划线词指代的是前面提到的相遇。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Research conducted by herself and others identifies three key aspects supporting connective labor: “relational design”, or how people are set up to interact with one another; “connective culture,” or shared practices and beliefs that influence how people interact; and “resource distribution,” which includes time given for interaction, worker-to-client rates, and the extent of technology and data use, among other factors. (她和其他人进行的研究确定了支持连接性劳动的三个关键方面：“关系设计”，即人们如何与他人互动；“连接性的文化”，或影响人们互动方式的共同实践和信仰；“资源分配”包括互动时间、员工对客户的比率、技术和数据使用的程度等因素)”可知，本段主要介绍了连接性劳动中有效的互动方式。故选B项。 D In recent decades, experiments have begun to catch up with what people who work closely with animals have always known—that animals have an inner life, and consciousness isn’t uniquely human. Consciousness is a concept that is extremely difficult to define. There have been many attempts: is it awareness, or awareness of that awareness, or self-awareness instead? But a useful working definition might be that it is any kind of subjective experience, ranging from how we perceive the external world to our inner thoughts and emotions. Because you can never be inside another living being’s head, questions of consciousness are both hard to answer and open to bias (偏见). Findings of experiments inspired a group of scientists in April to write The New York Declaration Animal Consciousness, which now has over 300 supporters. It states that there is “strong scientific support for conscious experience” in mammals and birds and “at least a realistic possibility of conscious experience” in fish and other species. That animals have some form of inner life must surely be self-evident to many people who live or work with them, just as I would guess that most carers of newborn babies don’t see these infant as senseless automatic machines. The experiences of people with thorough knowledge of either have historically, been viewed as subjective and biased, as emotional connection tends to influence logical reasoning. Our consciousness leads us to over-empathize with others we cannot truly know, the argument goes. But, as the biologist Marc Bekoff wrote, if we humans have something, then other animals are likely to have it too. I personally feel that attempts to divorce emotion, feeling and experience from how we see animals can be as unscientific. For too long, we assumed that humans are unique and animals don’t feel pain or emotions the way that we do, a convenient but cruel null hypothesis (无效假设), when we could have started from the position that perhaps they do instead. 12. Which is a key characteristic of consciousness according to the passage? A. It means any emotional experience of humans. B. It refers to individual’s subjective experience. C. It is all about how we perceive the external world. D. It refers to a common quality shared by all animals. 13. Why are the carers of newborn babies mentioned? A. To show that animals are just as conscious as human babies. B. To help readers understand why animals possess consciousness. C. To argue against the view of people living or working with animals. D. To explain why animal carers would assume animals have an inner life. 14. What might be the author’s attitude towards Marc Bckoff’s assumption about animal emotions? A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Uncertain. 15. which can be the best title of the passage? A. Consciousness Improved Through Practice B. Questions of Human Consciousness Answered C. Factors Affecting Animal Consciousness Discovered D. Conscious Experience Found in Certain Animal Species 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。文章通过介绍科学家对动物意识的实验和发现，向读者普及了关于动物意识的知识，并探讨了意识这一概念的定义和难以测量的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“But a useful working definition might be that it is any kind of subjective experience, ranging from how we perceive the external world to our inner thoughts and emotions. (但一个有用的可行定义可能是，它是任何一种主观体验，从我们如何感知外部世界到我们的内心想法和情绪。)”可知，个体的主观体验是意识的关键特征。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第四段中“That animals have some form of inner life must surely be self-evident to many people who live or work with them, just as I would guess that most carers of newborn babies don’t see these infant as senseless automatic machines. (动物有某种形式的内在生命，这一点对许多与它们一起生活或工作的人来说肯定是不言而喻的，就像我猜大多数照顾新生儿的人不会把这些婴儿视为毫无意义的自动机器一样。)”可知，提到新生儿护理者的目的是为了解释为什么动物护理者会认为动物有某种形式的内在生命。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“But, as the biologist Marc Bekoff wrote, if we humans have something, then other animals are likely to have it too. I personally feel that attempts to divorce emotion, feeling and experience from how we see animals can be as unscientific. (但是，正如生物学家Marc Bekoff所写的那样，如果我们人类有某种东西，那么其他动物很可能也有。我个人认为，试图将情感、感觉和经验与我们看待动物的方式分离开来是不科学的。)”可知，作者认为Marc Bekoff关于动物情感的假设是科学的，并且作者支持这种假设。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第三段“Findings of experiments inspired a group of scientists in April to write The New York Declaration Animal Consciousness, which now has over 300 supporters. It states that there is “strong scientific support for conscious experience” in mammals and birds and “at least a realistic possibility of conscious experience” in fish and other species. (实验的发现启发了一组科学家在4月份撰写了《The New York Declaration Animal Consciousness》，现在有300多名支持者。它指出，在哺乳动物和鸟类中有“强有力的科学支持意识体验”，在鱼类和其他物种中“至少有现实的意识体验可能性”。)”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家在动物身上发现了意识体验，包括哺乳动物、鸟类以及鱼类和其他物种。因此，D选项“Conscious Experience Found in Certain Animal Species (在某些动物物种中发现意识体验)”符合题意。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why are Police Officers Called Cops? Police officers are often referred to as cops. ____16____ Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”. General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take. ____17____ Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops. Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”. ____19____ And it is no longer considered rude. However, certain other terms for police officers are definitely unwelcome. While British Police might not mind being called “bobbies”, no police members like to be referred to as “pigs” or the “fuzz”. Some don’t mind the term the “heat” as applied to the whole police force, but the police force does not generally take kindly to terms given to them by criminals. The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop. ____20____ A. The term is slightly less familiar to people. B. So, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar. C. These words define some of what a police officer does. D. The profession of a police officer was not respected then. E. But the origins of this nickname are something of a debate. F. However, the term “police officer” is generally most correct. G. Today it is appropriate to call members of the police force cops. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了警察为什么被称为cops的由来。 【16题详解】 根据下文“Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”.( 一些人认为这个词是“copper”的缩写，来自警察佩戴的铜徽章。也有人说它代表“警察总队”。)”可知，关于“cop”这个昵称的起源存在争议。因此推断E项“但这个绰号的起源却存在争议。”符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take.( 然而，关于“cop”一词起源的普遍共识表明，这个词更多地是基于警察的工作，而不是他的服装或头衔。在拉丁语中，动词capere可以被定义为“捕获”。在法语中，动词是caper。“To cop”在英语中的意思是抓住或拿走。)”可知，在不同的语言中有不同的词定义了警察的部分工作，因此推断C项“这些词定义了警察的部分工作”总结上文，these words指代前文的词汇。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets.( Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops.（一些人还认为，荷兰语kapen也可以粗略地翻译为“偷窃或拿走”，与警察被称为coppers或cops有关。从本质上讲，警察的存在是为了把罪犯赶出街头。)”和下文“And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”.(由于美式英语主要来源于德语、法语和拉丁语，kapen或capere的特定语言来源为“cop”一词创造了一条现成的路径。)”可知，荷兰语kapen可以粗略地翻译为“偷窃或拿走”，与警察被称为coppers或cops有关，美式英语来自德语，法语和拉丁语，因此推断B项“荷兰语和法语的术语都很相似”承上启下。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据下文“And it is no longer considered rude.(它不再被认为是粗鲁的。)”可知，现在称警察为cops不粗鲁，是合适的。因此推断G项“今天，把警察称为cop是恰当的。”符合语境，下文是对此的详细解释。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop.(“cop”这个词现在被如此普遍地使用，以至于一个记录他们工作的节目被称为“Cops”。尽管J·埃德加·胡佛曾经强烈反对这个词，但现在把警察或女警察称为cop是可以的。)”可知，现在称呼a policeman或者 a police woman是最好的，与前一段是转折关系，因此推断F项“然而，“police officer”这个术语通常是最正确的”。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Here I was, sitting in the roller coaster (过山车) cart of Kingda Ka in New Jersey, the tallest and second fastest roller coaster on Earth. My friends shouted in excitement, while I shakily ___21___ my hands on my shorts. “How can you be so excited when...” My words caught in my throat and melted into screams as the roller coaster suddenly ___22___ forward. It was the fastest ___23___ I had ever experienced in my life: 128 miles per hour. I screamed at the top of my ___24___ as fear froze me up from inside. We rapidly moved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising into the clouds at a ninety degree angle, having crossed the track bringing us forward in mere ___25___. ___26___, close to the highest part of the hump, I ___27___ a little. My screams became less terrified and more energetic. Once we reached the ___28___ of the hump, I could almost touch the sky. And then we were spiraling (盘旋) downwards, curving and twisting and ___29___ towards Earth at the same speed. ____30____ I realized it, we had already met the ground. It was a thirty-second-long ride. I managed to ____31____ the entire ride without a breakdown. I gasped in surprise. It was over. I had not only survived the ride—I had ____32____ it. My friend turned to me, her eyes ____33____. “Are you ready for the next roller coaster?” My head felt light as we walked away from the ride spinning with something I didn’t ____34____ recognize. It took me a few minutes to put a name to it — thrill. “I’m ready for anything.” Until today, that ____35____ ride that I went on 20 years ago is still kept alive in my memory. 21. A. wiped B. waved C. joined D. cleaned 22. A. removed B. rocketed C. struggled D. marched 23. A. launch B. operation C. ride D. flight 24. A. cheeks B. throat C. heart D. lungs 25. A. minutes B. hours C. seconds D. occasions 26. A. Instead B. Meanwhile C. Therefore D. However 27. A. broke down B. calmed down C. made up D. dressed up 28. A. top B. point C. track D. location 29. A. swinging B. escaping C. shooting D. roaring 30. A. After B. Though C. Before D. While 31. A. take off B. carry on C. go through D. get through 32. A. enjoyed B. deserved C. hated D. confirmed 33. A. bright B. wet C. closed D. open 34. A. gradually B. absolutely C. immediately D. eventually 35. A. romantic B. thrilling C. alarming D. awkward 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了自己20年前在新泽西州的Kingda Ka过山车上的惊险体验。尽管在过山车启动时感到害怕，但随着过山车的行进，作者逐渐克服了恐惧并享受了整个过程。最终，这次过山车之旅成为了作者难忘的记忆，并激发了他对更多冒险和刺激活动的渴望。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友们兴奋地大喊大叫，而我则紧张不安地在短裤上擦着手上的汗。A. wiped擦，消除；B. waved挥动；C. joined加入；D. cleaned打扫。根据上文“the tallest and second fastest roller coaster on Earth. My friends shouted in excitement”可知，坐在过山车上，作者紧张地把手上的汗擦在短裤上。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的话卡在喉咙里，变成了尖叫声，因为过山车突然猛地向前冲去。A. removed去除，移除；B. rocketed迅速移动；C. struggled斗争，挣扎；D. marched行进，前进。根据下文“128 miles per hour.”可知，过山车时速很快，突然猛地向前冲去。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中经历过的最快的一次旅行：时速128英里。A. launch发射；B. operation操作；C. ride供骑乘的游乐设施；D. flight航班。根据下文“It was a thirty - second - long ride.”可知，此处是信息词ride的词汇复现。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我放声尖叫，恐惧让我从内到外都僵住了。A. cheeks脸颊；B. throat喉咙；C. heart心；D. lungs肺。根据上文“I screamed”和常识可知，此处表示声嘶力竭地喊叫。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们迅速爬上陡峭的驼峰，以90度的角度升入云端，仅用了几秒钟就穿过了轨道。A. minutes分钟；B. hours小时；C. seconds秒；D. occasions场合。根据下文“It was a thirty - second - long ride.”可知，过山车仅用了几秒钟就穿过了轨道。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在驼峰的最高部分附近，我稍微冷静了一点。A. Instead相反；B. Meanwhile与此同时；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。前面提到过山车迅速上升，后面则提到在接近最高点的时候，作者稍微平静了一些。因此，需要用一个表示转折的连词来连接这两个句子。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. broke down出故障；B. calmed down平静下来；C. made up组成，编造；D. dressed up打扮。根据下文“My screams became less terrified and more energetic.”可知，作者稍微冷静一些。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达驼峰的顶端时，我几乎可以触摸到天空。A. top顶部；B. point观点，要点；C. track轨道；D. location位置。根据“I could almost touch the sky.”可知，作者到达了驼峰的顶端。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们盘旋而下，以同样的速度弯曲、扭曲并冲向地面。A. swinging摇摆；B. escaping逃跑；C. shooting飞驰；D. roaring咆哮。根据上文“We rapidly moved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising into the clouds at a ninety degree angle”可知，过山车下来的时候速度也是很快的，因此是飞驰而下。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我还没意识到，我们就已经到达了地面。A. After在……之后；B. Though尽管；C. Before在……之前；D. While当……时候。此处表示“表示在意识到之前已经到达了地面”，before表示“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我完成了整个过山车旅行而没有崩溃。A. take off起飞，脱掉；B. carry on继续；C. go through经历；D. get through完成，通过。根据“we had already met the ground”可知，作者完成了整个过山车旅行。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不仅活了下来，还玩得很开心。A. enjoyed享受，喜欢；B. deserved值得；C. hated讨厌；D. confirmed证实。根据下文“My head felt light as we walked away from the ride spinning”可知，作者在坐过山车的过程中玩得很开心。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友转向我，她的眼睛闪闪发光。A. bright明亮的；B. wet湿润的；C. closed关闭的；D. open打开的。根据上文“My friends shouted in excitement”可知，作者的朋友因为兴奋，眼睛闪闪发光。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们从过山车上走下来时，我感到头脑轻松，那是一种我没有立刻认出的感觉。A. gradually逐渐地；B. absolutely绝对地；C. immediately立刻；D. eventually最终。根据下文“It took me a few minutes to put a name to it — thrill.”可知，作者没有立刻识别出坐完过山车带来的感觉。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到今天，我20年前参加的那次惊险的过山车之旅仍然在我的记忆中栩栩如生。A. romantic浪漫的；B. thrilling惊险的，令人激动的；C. alarming令人惊恐的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据“It took me a few minutes to put a name to it — thrill.”可知，作者20年前的那次过山车之旅是惊险的。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The recent opening of a new exhibition building at the Sanxingdui Museum, in Guanghan, in Sichuan province, made the place ____36____ instant tourist hot spot. The bronze heads, golden masks, holy trees and various statues reveal the ____37____ (mystery) faces of a culture dating back more than 3,000 years. For those who cannot make it to Guanghan, where the extensive site of Sanxingdui is located, an immersive exhibition ____38____ (equip) with digital technology, titled Hello Sanxingdui, ____39____ (offer) an alternative means to be awed by the magnificence of this Bronze Age culture. It is running at the Longfu Art Museum in Beijing until Dec. 29. It provides a time-travel experience for both an educational and artistic appeal. The journey begins ____40____ a brief timeline of texts, photos and videos, showing how Sanxingdui was first discovered in the 1920s, ____41____ objects were found by farmers digging an irrigation ditch (灌溉沟渠); and it highlights the important moments in the past century’s continued archaeological efforts, to reveal the myths surrounding Sanxingdui and the secrets yet ____42____ (uncover). On show ____43____ (be) life-size reproductions of dozens of astonishing artifacts, supervised by Sanxingdui Museum, such as 2.6-meter bronze statues, 3.8-meter-wide bronze masks and “the holy tree” standing nearly 4 meters. Images of these objects found at Sanxingdui and their ____44____ (pattern) have been digitalized, animated and projected on screens, leading the audience into the ancient kingdom of Shu, a _____45_____ (civilize) that thrived for centuries in the southwest during the Zhou Dynasty, and disappeared suddenly, leaving many myths and legends. 【答案】36. an 37. mysterious 38. equipped 39. offers 40. with 41. when 42. to be uncovered 43. are 44. patterns 45. civilization 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍位于四川广汉的三星堆博物馆的新展览馆，并且成为了旅游热点。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：最近，位于四川广汉的三星堆博物馆的新展览馆开放，使这个地方立即成为旅游热点。设空处修饰名词spot，表泛指，应用冠词，并且空后单词instant以元音音素开头，故填an。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：青铜头像、金色面具、圣树和各种雕像揭示了3000多年前文化的神秘面孔。设空处修饰名词faces，应用形容词作定语，故填mysterious。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于那些不能去广汉三星堆遗址所在地的人来说，一个名为“你好，三星堆”的数字技术沉浸式展览为他们提供了另一种方式，让他们惊叹于青铜时代文化的辉煌。设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词exhibition，和名词之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填equipped。 【39题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：同上。设空处为谓语，根据上下文可知文章描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语an immersive exhibition，谓语第三人称单数，故填offers。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：旅程从文字、照片和视频的简短时间轴开始，展示了三星堆是如何在20世纪20年代首次被发现的，当时农民在挖灌溉渠时发现了一些物品；它突出了过去一个世纪中考古工作的重要时刻，揭示了围绕三星堆的神话和尚未被揭开的秘密。短语begin with，意为“以……开始，从……开始”，符合句意，故填with。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词1920s，关系词指代先行词在从句中作时间状语，故填when。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。设空处修饰名词secrets 作定语，和名词之间是被动关系，并且表将来，所以应用不定式的被动语态，故填to be uncovered。 【43题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意： 在三星堆博物馆的监督下，展出了数十件真人大小的惊人文物，如2.6米高的青铜雕像、3.8米宽的青铜面具和近4米高的“圣树”。设空处为完全倒装句的谓语，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语life-size reproductions of dozens of astonishing artifacts，谓语用复数形式，故填are。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：在三星堆发现的这些物品的图像及其图案经过数字化、动画和投影在屏幕上，带领观众进入了古老的蜀国，一个在周朝时期在西南繁荣了几个世纪的文明，突然消失了，留下了许多神话和传说。设空处为主语，在形容词性物主代词their后应用名词，根据助动词have可知应用复数形式，故填patterns。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。设空处前有a修饰，应用名词单数形式，故填civilization。 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节：应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友 Noah正在策划一项主题为“探寻中国文化”的课外实践 活动，写信征询你的建议。请你给他回一封信，内容包括： 1. 活动建议及理由; 2. 鼓励与祝愿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Noah, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Noah, I’m thrilled to hear about your “Exploring Chinese Culture” extracurricular activity. I suggest organizing a traditional Chinese art workshop, focusing on calligraphy and paper-cutting. This will allow participants to appreciate the beauty of Chinese writing and the intricate craftsmanship behind paper art. Additionally, a Chinese food festival can be held, introducing local delicacies and cooking techniques. I’m confident that these ideas will enrich your event and help spread Chinese culture. Keep up the good work, and I wish your activity a great success! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你的新西兰笔友 Noah正在策划一项主题为“探寻中国文化”的课外实践 活动，写信征询你的建议，要求考生回信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建议：suggest→recommend 激动的：thrilled→excited 举行：hold→host 集中：focus on→concentrate on 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, a Chinese food festival can be held, introducing local delicacies and cooking techniques. 拓展句：Additionally, a Chinese food festival can be held, which introduces local delicacies and cooking techniques. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I suggest organizing a traditional Chinese art workshop, focusing on calligraphy and paper-cutting. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] I’m confident that these ideas will enrich your event and help spread Chinese culture. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一篇完整的故事。 As the golden sun was sailing higher and higher in the east, casting its warm glow over the town, Emily, a keen photographer, started a solo journey to the famed Old Pine Scenic Area, well known for its centuries-old pine forests and winding paths. She anticipated a day filled with peaceful beauty and the opportunity to touch nature in its purest form. Upon arrival, Emily was charmed by the quietness and splendidness of the overgrown pines that towered above, their branches whispering tales of old in the gentle morning breeze. With her camera in hand, she ventured deeper into the heart of the forest, each step further immersing her in the lively picture of greens and earthy browns. The paths of Old Pine were many, weaving through the forest like threads of a vast, tangled (缠结的) web. Initially, Emily followed the marked trails, snapping photos of dew-kissed (带着露珠的) spider webs and squirrels dashing through the underbrush. However, as the morning turned into afternoon, she decided to stray from the beaten path to explore a more hidden area, rumored to house the eldest and most majestic pine in the reserve. The deeper she wandered, the quieter the forest grew, except for the occasional rustle of leaves and distant birds. Focused intently on her photography, Emily scarcely noticed the shifting shadows and the subtle change in the forest. She then realized it was getting late but she had not yet found the eldest pine. And she had not only strayed off the path but was now thoroughly lost. Panic fluttered in her chest. She attempted to backtrack, hoping to find familiar landmarks, but the forest seemed to have rearranged itself behind her. The trees stood pitiless, their trunks like silent guards that offered no guidance. With her phone’s signal frustratingly absent in the thick forest, Emily felt a surge of helplessness. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Emily remembered reading about the importance of staying calm when lost. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Nodding eagerly, Emily explained her situation to the local man. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Emily remembered reading about the importance of staying calm when lost. She found a relatively clear spot and decided to wait, hoping that a ranger who takes care of forest or another hiker might pass by. To keep calm, she resumed taking photos, capturing the stunning beauty of the fog-wrapped forest, each shot a stark contrast to the morning’s vibrant frames. As hours passed, the sound of footsteps crunching on dry leaves alerted Emily to the presence of another. A wave of relief washed over her as an elderly man emerged from the mist, his face creased with a kind smile beneath a wide-brimmed hat. “I thought I might find someone out here,” he said in a gentle voice, noticing Emily’s camera. “You must be here for Old Pine’s eldest.” Nodding eagerly, Emily explained her situation to the local man. The man, who introduced himself as a local historian, knew the forest like the back of his hand. With a comforting assurance, he offered to lead her back to the main trail and then to the ancient pine she had sought. As they walked, the old man shared stories of the forest’s history and its significance to the local community. The forest, he explained, was not just a collection of trees but a living memory of the town’s heritage. Finally, they arrived at the grand old pine. Its vast trunk and overgrown branches were indeed a sight to behold, majestic and enduring. Emily captured the tree in her lens, a permanent reminder of her adventure and the lessons learned. She thanked the old man earnestly, her heart full of gratitude for the unexpected friendship and the invaluable lesson in humility and respect for nature. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾米丽，一个敏锐的摄影师，一个人去著名的老松树风景区的旅行，她被高耸的松树的静谧和壮丽所吸引。最初，艾米丽沿着标记的路径，拍摄露珠吻的蜘蛛网和松鼠在灌木丛中奔跑的照片。然而，当上午变成下午时，她决定离开人迹罕至的小路，去探索一个更隐蔽的地方，据说那里有保护区内最古老、最雄伟的松树。就在她离开的途中，她迷路了；她无法找到熟悉的地标。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“艾米丽记起在书中读到过迷路时保持冷静的重要性。”可知，第一段可描写艾米丽在迷路的过程中如何保持冷静。 ②由第二段首句内容“爱米丽急切地点点头，向当地人解释了她的处境。”可知，第二段可描写艾米丽在老人的带领下来到那棵高大的老松树前，并且对老人表示感谢。 2.续写线索：意识到保持冷静的重要性——在相对清晰的地方等待——拍照捕捉森林之美——一位老人从迷雾中走出——急切地点头，向老人解释处境——老人介绍自己——老人一边走一边分享森林的故事——来到高大的老松树前——艾米丽拍下松树以提醒自己——对老人表示感谢 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①保持冷静：keep calm/stay calm/keep one’s head ②继续：resume/continue/go on ③到达：arrive at/reach/get to 情绪类 ①宽慰/安慰： relief/ease/ comfort ②感谢：thank/show gratitude to 【点睛】[高分句型1] She found a relatively clear spot and decided to wait, hoping that a ranger who takes care of forest or another hiker might pass by.（运用了现在分词作状语，that引导的宾语从句，who引导的定语从句） [高分句型2] The man, who introduced himself as a local historian and knew the forest like the back of his hand.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三英语10月考试题 2024-10-11 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Choose Your One-Day Tours! Tour A — Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge — ￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter. Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey, the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum. Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years. Tour B — Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary’s Church Tower and Anne Hathaway’s house — ￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter. Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England’s oldest university city and colleges. Look over the “city of dreaming spires (尖顶)” from St Mary’s Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder. Tour C — Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace — ￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry VIII’s favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze (迷宫) where it is easy to get lost! Tour D — Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great — ￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter. Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century. 1. Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city? A. Tour A. B. Tour B. C. Tour C. D. Tour D. 2. Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March? A. Cambridge. B. Oxford & Stratford. C. Bath & Stonehenge. D. Windsor Castle & Hampton Court. 3. Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction? A. It is a world-famous castle. B. It is the oldest palace in Britain. C. It used to be a well-known maze. D. It used to be the residence of royal families. B They talk about the straw that broke the camel's back, but really it should be the password that wiped out my memory bank. I was going along the -with instant recall of my bank PIN（密码）, my mobile phone number and the date of my cousin's birthday before I downloaded a gas station payment app for its new customer discount. It asked me to create a password. When I typed in “gas 1”, it was rejected for not being complex enough. I tried again: “I Hate Hearless Oil Companies@”. But that was too long and didn’t include “at least one number”. But here is the thing: as soon as 1 added the fresh password into my memory, I instantly forgot all the others. My brain had hit its limit for passwords. I now know nothing. I had entered some passwords in a notebook. Of course, I didn't write down the actual passwords, in case it fell into the wrong hands. Instead, I masked them in a way that only a family member could figure them out. For example, I combined my bank PIN with our postal code, then added it to a list of phone numbers. It would fool even Albert Einstein. Maybe we need a system like the one we use to remember people's names. You know, you form an association between a person's characteristics and their name by whispering “Skinny George, Skinny George”in heart after meeting them. The risk is that, upon seeing him, you’ll burst out the phrase. “Skinny George” might not mind, but it’s possible “Boring Betty” will. As for remembering passwords as you change them, you could simply use the first and last letters of your favorite singer's greatest hits, together with the year of their release. Maybe I’ll try that one out—but only after describing the system in the notebook. Then I'll hide it in a place so secret that I'll never remember where it is. 4. What can we learn about the author from the first two paragraphs? A. He fell for a marketing trick. B. He was driven mad by passwords. C. He had a serious memory disorder. D. He was rejected by the gas station. 5. By mentioning Albert Einstein in paragraph 3, the author intends to ______ . A. show how secure his passwords were B. challenge the intelligence of scientists C. prove the uselessness of his passwords D. promote a more scientific password system 6. What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A. To encourage readers to use password notebooks. B. To recommend a password-remembering method. C. To complain about the trouble caused by passwords. D. To point out the importance of using complex passwords. 7. What is the tone of the text? A. Inspiring. B. Indifferent. C. Humorous. D. Serious. C New technologies tend to cause a cycle of concern, disorder, and conflict before eventually being accepted. Recent writings about artificial intelligence (AI) and other advances in computer science suggest that we are preparing to welcome the final stage of this latest round of invention. The Last Human Job, sociologist Allison Pugh’s new book centered on caregiving and human connection in the age of automation, warns readers against unreserved acceptance of these technological advances, citing “connective labor” as valuable human work that will not be easily replaced by algorithms (算法). “Absent from discussions about AI and automation,” Pugh argues, “is the impact that these systems might have on the emotional understandings we build of ourselves and others.” Pugh sets the stage by arguing for the value of human connection and the importance of both seeing and being seen by others. “Practitioners (从业者) said they gained a sense of purpose simply from the opportunity of observing people at their most defenseless,” she observes. She then provides a summary of how care work is being increasingly automated, showing how quantification and measurement have taken over many aspects of human-facing jobs, leaving little room for doctors, teachers, and others to build connection. “When one goes to a doctor or a teacher, the encounter is full of the potential for shame, a risk that makes it all the more powerful when practitioners show empathic (同理心的) reflection,” writes Pugh. In chapter 8, she explains how such interactions can be done right. Research conducted by herself and others identifies three key aspects supporting connective labor: “relational design”, or how people are set up to interact with one another; “connective culture,” or shared practices and beliefs that influence how people interact; and “resource distribution,” which includes time given for interaction, worker-to-client rates, and the extent of technology and data use, among other factors. Pugh concludes by arguing that we need a social movement for connection. “We need to fight for what we might call our ‘social health’,” she maintains. 8. What is the main concern of Allison Pugh’s new book? A. The impact of AI on future employment. B. The approach to living and working with AI. C. The increasing role of technology in caregiving. D. The value of connective labor in the age of automation. 9. Why does the author mention “practitioners” in paragraph 3? A. To explain how to do care work. B. To argue against the automation technology. C. To prove the significance of human connection. D. To discuss the challenges of privacy in caregiving. 10. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. The encounter. B. The shame. C. The risk. D. The potential. 11. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The overview of chapter 8. B. The effective way to interact. C. The new trend of caregiving. D. The factors of avoiding shame. D In recent decades, experiments have begun to catch up with what people who work closely with animals have always known—that animals have an inner life, and consciousness isn’t uniquely human. Consciousness is a concept that is extremely difficult to define. There have been many attempts: is it awareness, or awareness of that awareness, or self-awareness instead? But a useful working definition might be that it is any kind of subjective experience, ranging from how we perceive the external world to our inner thoughts and emotions. Because you can never be inside another living being’s head, questions of consciousness are both hard to answer and open to bias (偏见). Findings of experiments inspired a group of scientists in April to write The New York Declaration Animal Consciousness, which now has over 300 supporters. It states that there is “strong scientific support for conscious experience” in mammals and birds and “at least a realistic possibility of conscious experience” in fish and other species. That animals have some form of inner life must surely be self-evident to many people who live or work with them, just as I would guess that most carers of newborn babies don’t see these infant as senseless automatic machines. The experiences of people with thorough knowledge of either have historically, been viewed as subjective and biased, as emotional connection tends to influence logical reasoning. Our consciousness leads us to over-empathize with others we cannot truly know, the argument goes. But, as the biologist Marc Bekoff wrote, if we humans have something, then other animals are likely to have it too. I personally feel that attempts to divorce emotion, feeling and experience from how we see animals can be as unscientific. For too long, we assumed that humans are unique and animals don’t feel pain or emotions the way that we do, a convenient but cruel null hypothesis (无效假设), when we could have started from the position that perhaps they do instead. 12. Which is a key characteristic of consciousness according to the passage? A. It means any emotional experience of humans. B. It refers to individual’s subjective experience. C. It is all about how we perceive the external world. D. It refers to a common quality shared by all animals. 13. Why are the carers of newborn babies mentioned? A. To show that animals are just as conscious as human babies. B. To help readers understand why animals possess consciousness. C. To argue against the view of people living or working with animals. D. To explain why animal carers would assume animals have an inner life. 14. What might be the author’s attitude towards Marc Bckoff’s assumption about animal emotions? A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Uncertain. 15. which can be the best title of the passage? A. Consciousness Improved Through Practice B. Questions of Human Consciousness Answered C. Factors Affecting Animal Consciousness Discovered D. Conscious Experience Found in Certain Animal Species 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why are Police Officers Called Cops? Police officers are often referred to as cops. ____16____ Some argue the term is shortened from “copper” and comes from copper badges (徽章) worn by a policeman. Others say that it stands for “Constabulary of Police”. General agreement on the word origins of “cop”, however, suggests that the term is based more on the policeman’s job than on his clothing or job title. In Latin, the verb capere can be defined as “to capture.” In French, the verb is caper. “To cop” in English is to seize or to take. ____17____ Some also believe that the Dutch word kapen, which also loosely translates to “to steal or take”, is related to policemen being called coppers or cops. Essentially, the police force was there to take criminals off the streets. ____18____ And since American English especially draws from German, French, and Latin, the specific language origin of kapen or capere creates a ready path to the term “cop”. ____19____ And it is no longer considered rude. However, certain other terms for police officers are definitely unwelcome. While British Police might not mind being called “bobbies”, no police members like to be referred to as “pigs” or the “fuzz”. Some don’t mind the term the “heat” as applied to the whole police force, but the police force does not generally take kindly to terms given to them by criminals. The term “cop” is in such common usage now that a show documenting their work on the job is called Cops. Even though J. Edgar Hoover once highly objected to the term, it is now fine to refer to a policeman or a police woman as a cop. ____20____ A. The term is slightly less familiar to people. B. So, the Latin, Dutch, and French terms are all similar. C. These words define some of what a police officer does. D. The profession of a police officer was not respected then. E. But the origins of this nickname are something of a debate. F. However, the term “police officer” is generally most correct. G. Today it is appropriate to call members of the police force cops. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Here I was, sitting in the roller coaster (过山车) cart of Kingda Ka in New Jersey, the tallest and second fastest roller coaster on Earth. My friends shouted in excitement, while I shakily ___21___ my hands on my shorts. “How can you be so excited when...” My words caught in my throat and melted into screams as the roller coaster suddenly ___22___ forward. It was the fastest ___23___ I had ever experienced in my life: 128 miles per hour. I screamed at the top of my ___24___ as fear froze me up from inside. We rapidly moved up the skinny hump (驼峰) rising into the clouds at a ninety degree angle, having crossed the track bringing us forward in mere ___25___. ___26___, close to the highest part of the hump, I ___27___ a little. My screams became less terrified and more energetic. Once we reached the ___28___ of the hump, I could almost touch the sky. And then we were spiraling (盘旋) downwards, curving and twisting and ___29___ towards Earth at the same speed. ____30____ I realized it, we had already met the ground. It was a thirty-second-long ride. I managed to ____31____ the entire ride without a breakdown. I gasped in surprise. It was over. I had not only survived the ride—I had ____32____ it. My friend turned to me, her eyes ____33____. “Are you ready for the next roller coaster?” My head felt light as we walked away from the ride spinning with something I didn’t ____34____ recognize. It took me a few minutes to put a name to it — thrill. “I’m ready for anything.” Until today, that ____35____ ride that I went on 20 years ago is still kept alive in my memory. 21. A. wiped B. waved C. joined D. cleaned 22. A. removed B. rocketed C. struggled D. marched 23. A. launch B. operation C. ride D. flight 24. A. cheeks B. throat C. heart D. lungs 25. A. minutes B. hours C. seconds D. occasions 26. A. Instead B. Meanwhile C. Therefore D. However 27. A. broke down B. calmed down C. made up D. dressed up 28. A. top B. point C. track D. location 29. A. swinging B. escaping C. shooting D. roaring 30. A. After B. Though C. Before D. While 31. A. take off B. carry on C. go through D. get through 32. A. enjoyed B. deserved C. hated D. confirmed 33. A. bright B. wet C. closed D. open 34. A. gradually B. absolutely C. immediately D. eventually 35. A. romantic B. thrilling C. alarming D. awkward 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The recent opening of a new exhibition building at the Sanxingdui Museum, in Guanghan, in Sichuan province, made the place ____36____ instant tourist hot spot. The bronze heads, golden masks, holy trees and various statues reveal the ____37____ (mystery) faces of a culture dating back more than 3,000 years. For those who cannot make it to Guanghan, where the extensive site of Sanxingdui is located, an immersive exhibition ____38____ (equip) with digital technology, titled Hello Sanxingdui, ____39____ (offer) an alternative means to be awed by the magnificence of this Bronze Age culture. It is running at the Longfu Art Museum in Beijing until Dec. 29. It provides a time-travel experience for both an educational and artistic appeal. The journey begins ____40____ a brief timeline of texts, photos and videos, showing how Sanxingdui was first discovered in the 1920s, ____41____ objects were found by farmers digging an irrigation ditch (灌溉沟渠); and it highlights the important moments in the past century’s continued archaeological efforts, to reveal the myths surrounding Sanxingdui and the secrets yet ____42____ (uncover). On show ____43____ (be) life-size reproductions of dozens of astonishing artifacts, supervised by Sanxingdui Museum, such as 2.6-meter bronze statues, 3.8-meter-wide bronze masks and “the holy tree” standing nearly 4 meters. Images of these objects found at Sanxingdui and their ____44____ (pattern) have been digitalized, animated and projected on screens, leading the audience into the ancient kingdom of Shu, a _____45_____ (civilize) that thrived for centuries in the southwest during the Zhou Dynasty, and disappeared suddenly, leaving many myths and legends. 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节：应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假设你是李华，你的新西兰笔友 Noah正在策划一项主题为“探寻中国文化”的课外实践 活动，写信征询你的建议。请你给他回一封信，内容包括： 1. 活动建议及理由; 2. 鼓励与祝愿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Noah, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一篇完整的故事。 As the golden sun was sailing higher and higher in the east, casting its warm glow over the town, Emily, a keen photographer, started a solo journey to the famed Old Pine Scenic Area, well known for its centuries-old pine forests and winding paths. She anticipated a day filled with peaceful beauty and the opportunity to touch nature in its purest form. Upon arrival, Emily was charmed by the quietness and splendidness of the overgrown pines that towered above, their branches whispering tales of old in the gentle morning breeze. With her camera in hand, she ventured deeper into the heart of the forest, each step further immersing her in the lively picture of greens and earthy browns. The paths of Old Pine were many, weaving through the forest like threads of a vast, tangled (缠结的) web. Initially, Emily followed the marked trails, snapping photos of dew-kissed (带着露珠的) spider webs and squirrels dashing through the underbrush. However, as the morning turned into afternoon, she decided to stray from the beaten path to explore a more hidden area, rumored to house the eldest and most majestic pine in the reserve. The deeper she wandered, the quieter the forest grew, except for the occasional rustle of leaves and distant birds. Focused intently on her photography, Emily scarcely noticed the shifting shadows and the subtle change in the forest. She then realized it was getting late but she had not yet found the eldest pine. And she had not only strayed off the path but was now thoroughly lost. Panic fluttered in her chest. She attempted to backtrack, hoping to find familiar landmarks, but the forest seemed to have rearranged itself behind her. The trees stood pitiless, their trunks like silent guards that offered no guidance. With her phone’s signal frustratingly absent in the thick forest, Emily felt a surge of helplessness. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Emily remembered reading about the importance of staying calm when lost. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Nodding eagerly, Emily explained her situation to the local man. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $