精品解析：河南省项城市第三高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次段考英语试卷

项城三高2024—2025学年度上期第一次考试 高三英语试卷 （满分120分，考试时间110分钟。） 本试卷分第I卷 （选择题） 和第II卷非选择题两部分。第I和第II卷的答案都写在答题卷上。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分 略） 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分。满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A. B. C. D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Into the Wild — Get to know some of the mammals that call Yellowstone home Bison Bison can weigh up to 2,000 pounds and are herbivores (食草动物). Despite their size, they are very mobile and can run up to 30 mph and jump up to six feet vertically. In1902, America’s wild bison had decreased to only two dozen due to overhunting. Conservation efforts increased the Yellowstone bison population to 4,800 in 2023. See them in Hayden, Lamar and Pelican valleys. Gray Wolf Gray wolves had gone extinct in Yellowstone until 14 were reintroduced in 1995. Today approximately 108 wolves live here. These social animals live in groups and can be gray, white or black. They hunt elk, deer and bison near dawn and dusk thanks to their excellent night vision. For your best chance of seeing them, head to Lamar or Hayden valleys or Blacktail Deer Plateau in the early morning. Elk Up to 20,000 elk summer in Yellowstone, but most move to lower elevations in the winter months. Elk are a large member of the deer family and can be identified by their size and white rumps. Mating season, known as“ the rut”, occurs each fall when male elk fight with each other for females. It’s characterized by their haunting bugling sound. In the summer, see them in Cascade Meadows, Madison Canyon and Lamar Valley. Grizzly Bear One of two species of bears in Yellowstone, grizzlies are big. They can weigh up to 700 pounds and have a distinctive hump between their shoulders. Grizzlies are omnivores and will eat bugs, plants, fish and mammals. Approximately 150 live in Yellowstone and if you’ re lucky, you may spot them in the Hayden and Lamar valleys, north of Mount Washington and between Fishing Bridge and the East Entrance. 1. What contributed to the decline of America’s wild bison population by 1902? A. Disease. B. Climate change. C. Unsustainable hunting. D. Habitat loss. 2. Which of the following statements is TRUE about gray wolves in Yellowstone? A. They were reintroduced in 1902. B. They primarily hunt during the midday. C. They can only be found in Lamar Valley. D. They live in packs and can have various colors. 3. Where are you most likely to encounter all the four mammals in Yellowstone? A. Lamar Valley. B. Madison Canyon. C. Pelican Valley. D. Hayden Valley. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了美国黄石公园四种常见的野生哺乳动物。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句话“In 1902, America’s wild bison had decreased to only two dozen due to overhunting.(1902年，由于过度捕猎，美国野牛数量减少到只有24头。)”可知，1902年前美国野牛减少到只有24头是因为过度猎捕，即不可持续的猎捕。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“These social animals live in groups and can be gray, white or black.(这些群居动物生活在群体中，有灰色、白色或黑色。)”可知，灰狼是群居动物，有各种颜色。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Bison部分中的“See them in Hayden, Lamar and Pelican valleys.(在海登，拉马尔和鹈鹕山谷可以看到它们。)”、Gray Wolf部分中的“For your best chance of seeing them, head to Lamar or Hayden valleys or Blacktail Deer Plateau in the early morning.(想要看到它们的最佳机会，请在清晨前往拉马尔或海登山谷或黑尾鹿高原。)”、Elk部分中的“In the summer, see them in Cascade Meadows, Madison Canyon and Lamar Valley.(夏天，你可以在喀斯喀特草地、麦迪逊峡谷和拉马尔山谷看到它们。)”和Grizzly Bear部分中的“Approximately 150 live in Yellowstone and if you’ re lucky, you may spot them in the Hayden and Lamar valleys, north of Mount Washington and between Fishing Bridge and the East Entrance.(大约有150只生活在黄石公园，如果你幸运的话，你可以在海登和拉马尔山谷、华盛顿山以北、钓鱼桥和东入口之间看到它们。)”可知，在文章介绍的能看到这四种哺乳动物的地点中，拉马尔山谷（Lamar Valley）是都提到的，所以在拉马尔山谷才有可能见到文章提到的四种哺乳动物。故选A项。 B As a child, Darrin, who was born and raised in Cameroon, was fascinated by Chinese martial arts. He dreamed about learning the discipline and visiting China one day. In 2016, Darrin, who was a university student majoring in material science in Cameroon, started to learn Chinese at the Confucius Institute(孔子学院). Aside from martial arts, he got to know about the country through photos and videos. After a year of learning Chinese, Darin arrived in Kaifeng, as a language student at Henan University. “When I saw the kung fu masters practice, it was like a dream come true. I was told that martial arts is more than the powerful movements. Like self-defense, it is about a way of life, which is full of Chinese philosophy,” says Darrin. Since 2017, Darrin has entered many martial arts competitions, especially for tai chi, and won a number of awards. He says that tai chi helps him become strong and healthy, stay in good shape and develop excellent concentration, “Tai chi helps me gain my balance, physically and mentally,” says. “It changed me.” Besides tai chi, Darrin also learned to perform Yuju Opera, which is known for its melodic singing, amazing martial arts movements and stories. In 2017, Darrin watched a Yuju Opera performance, Hua Mulan, for the first time after arriving in Kaifeng. “The story is full of drama. The singing of the performers and the live band were full of energy,” recalls Darrin, who later studied Yuju Opera with artist Li Shujian, “Since Yuju Opera is performed in the Henan dialect, he had to learn the dialect first. He learned and practiced very hard,” says Li. In 2019, Dari performed Yuju Opera on the popular TV show, Li Yuan Chun, produced and broadcast by Henan TV. Under his Chinese name, Liu Banjing, Darrin won second place in one of the TV shows. Darrin notes that Kaifeng was formerly known as Bianjing in ancient China. “I have made lots of rinds here and I am considering living and working in China after graduation,” says Darrin. 4. How did Darrin know about China besides Chinese martial arts? A. By studying Chinese philosophy. B. By learning Chinese at a young age. C. By visiting China every four years. D. By enjoying photos and videos. 5. What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about? A. Martial arts’ influence on Darrin. B. Tai chi’s strict discipline. C. Darrin’s numerous awards. D. Darrin’s new dreams. 6. Why did Darrin use Liu Bianjing as his Chinese name? A. To honour his opera teacher. B. To express his love for the city. C. To show his achievements. D. To attract more fans. 7. Which of the following can best describe Darrin? A. Optimistic and generous. B. Humorous and determined. C. Ambitious and multi-talented. D. Adventurous and realistic. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在喀麦隆长大的Darrin从小对中国武术着迷。他梦想着有一天能学习中国武术并到访中国，最终他梦想成真。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Aside from martial arts, he got to know about the country through photos and videos.(除了武术，他还通过照片和视频了解了这个国家)”可知，除了武术，他还通过照片和视频了解了中国。故选D。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Since 2017, Darrin has entered many martial arts competitions, especially for tai chi, and won a number of awards. He says that tai chi helps him become strong and healthy, stay in good shape and develop excellent concentration, “Tai chi helps me gain my balance, physically and mentally,” says. “It changed me.”(自2017年以来，Darrin参加了许多武术比赛，特别是太极拳比赛，并获得了多个奖项。他说，太极拳帮助他变得强壮和健康，保持良好的状态，培养出色的注意力，“太极拳帮助我获得身体和精神上的平衡，”他说。“它改变了我。”)”可知，本段主要介绍的是太极拳对他的影响。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Under his Chinese name, Liu Banjing, Darrin won second place in one of the TV shows. Darrin notes that Kaifeng was formerly known as Bianjing in ancient China.(Darrin的中文名是刘汴京，他在一个电视节目中获得了第二名。Darrin指出，开封以前在中国古代被称为汴京)”可推知，他称自己为汴京，是表达对这座城市的热爱。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Since 2017, Darrin has entered many martial arts competitions, especially for tai chi, and won a number of awards.(自2017年以来，Darrin参加了许多武术比赛，特别是太极拳比赛，并获得了多个奖项)”；第五段“Besides tai chi, Darrin also learned to perform Yuju Opera, which is known for its melodic singing, amazing martial arts movements and stories.(除了太极，Darrin还学会了表演豫剧，豫剧以其优美的歌声、惊人的武术动作和故事而闻名)”以及“He learned and practiced very hard(他学习和练习都非常努力)”可知，喀麦隆的Darrin对中国武术着迷，并在武术领域取得很多奖项，后又潜心学习汉语、豫剧，并获奖。由此可知，他雄心勃勃又多才多艺。故选C。 C ”Everything happens for the best,” my mother said whenever I faced disappointment. “If you can carry on, one day something good will happen. And you’ll realize that it wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous(先前的)disappointment.” Mother was right, as I discovered after graduating from college in 1932. I had decided to try for a job in radio, then work my way up to sports announcer (体育播音员). I hitchhiked (搭便车) to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station-and got turned down every time. In one studio, a kind lady told me that in most cases big stations couldn’t risk hiring inexperienced person. “Go out in the remote areas and find a small station that’ll give you a chance,” she said. I went back home to Dixon, Illinois. While there was no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted a local athlete (运动员) to manage its sports department. Since Dixon was where I had played high school football, I applied. The job sounded just right for me. But I wasn’t hired. My disappointment must have shown. “Everything happens for the best,” Mom reminded me. Dad offered me the car to hunt for jobs. I tried WOC Radio in Davenport, Iowa. The program director, a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur, told me they had already hired an announcer. As I left his office, my frustration (挫败) boiled over (沸溢,发怒). I asked aloud, “How can a fellow get to be a sport announcer if he can’t get a job in a radio station?” I was waiting for the elevator when I heard MacArthur calling, “What was that you said about sports? Do you know anything about football?” Then he stood me before a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game. The preceding autumn, my team had won a game in the last 20 seconds with a 65-yard run. I did a 15-minute boost to that play, and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game! On my way home, as I have many times since, I thought of my mother’s words: “If you carry on, one day something good will happen. Something wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous disappointment”. 8. The reason why the author wasn’t hired in Chicago was probably that ________ A. he showed no confidence at the stations B. there were no job available at the stations C. he had no experience in radio broadcasting D. there were too many people competing with him 9. We learn from the passage that ________ A. the frustration of the author prevented him from performing well at WOC Radio B. both of the author’s parents showed support when he was trying to search for a job C. Peter MacArthur recognize the author’s talent in broadcasting after reading his resume. D. the author lost all his hope and courage when he was turned down by Montgomery Ward 10. What was most likely the author’s attitude towards Peter MacArthur? A. He was worried that Peter wouldn’t believe in his ability B. He was afraid that his loud inner calm would annoy Peter C. He was angry that Peter didn’t offer him a satisfying potential D He was grateful that Peter could notice his broadcasting potential 11. What lesson (教训) can you learn from the author’s experience in the passage? A. Well begun is half done B. Practice makes perfect C. No cross, no crown D. Rome was not built in a day 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己找工作所遇到的挫折，正好印证了作者母亲曾经说过的话“如果你坚持下去，总有一天会有好事发生。你会意识到，如果没有以前的挫折就不会有现在的一切。” 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“In one studio, a kind lady told me that in most cases big stations couldn't risk hiring inexperienced person.”（在一个演播室里，一位好心的女士告诉我，在大多数情况下，大电视台不会冒险雇用没有经验的人。）可知，他被拒绝的原因可能是没有工作经验，故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Everything happens for the best,” Mom reminded me. Dad offered me the car to hunt for jobs.”（一切都会好的，”妈妈提醒我。爸爸给了我一辆车，让我找工作。）可知，作者的父母都非常支持作者找工作，故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段开头“As I left his office, my frustration boiled over（沸溢，发怒）”（当我离开他的办公室时，我的挫败感爆发了）可知，作者开始时被拒绝，心情很沮丧。然后根据本段最后“Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game!”（彼得告诉我星期六的比赛由我来转播！）可知 Peter MacArthur最后给了作者这份工作机会。由此可以推出，作者的心情由怒转喜，作者对Peter MacArthur是感激的，故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据作者的经历及文章最后一段的“Something wouldn't have happened if not for that previous disappointment”（如果没有之前的失望，就不会有现在的一切）可知，作者的经历让我们懂得：没有苦难，就没有成功。A. Well begun is half done良好的开端是成功的一半； B. Prevention is better than cure与其补救于已然，不如防止于未然；C. No cross, no crown没有苦难，就没有成功；D.Rome was not built in a day 罗马不是一天建成的。故选C项。 D The idea that the normal human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator of whether someone is sick or well. However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years. Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm (标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Par-sonnet,MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening. For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct data sets from two historical periods. After going through 677,423 temperature measurements, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.6℃ lower than that of those born in the early 19th century while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.03℃ compared to those born in the 1890s. As to why this is happening, the researchers say that the most likely mechanism is a reduction in the human metabolic rate (代谢率) due to environmental factors: One possibility is that improvements in public health over 200 years have reduced the incidence of inflammations (炎症),which promote metabolism. This combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments means that the body doesn’t have to work as hard to stay warm, so the average temperature falls. ”The environment that we’re living in has changed, including the temperature in our homes, our contact with microorganisms (微生物) and the food that we have access to. All these things mean that although we consider human beings as the same for all of human evolution, we’re not the same. We’re actually changing physiologically,” Parsonnet said. 12. What is Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich’s achievement? A. He set up standards for human health services. B. He predicted trends in human body temperature. C. He first used body temperature as a health indicator. D. He proposed the standard human body temperature. 13. What can we learn about the Stanford team’s study? A It shows women have a lower body temperature than men. B. It proves human body temperature has dropped at a faster rate. C. It compared historical and current human body temperature data. D. It suggested updating the definition of the average body temperature. 14. Which of the following is thought to cause the decrease in human body temperature? A. The improved living conditions. B. The contact with other creatures. C. The decline in physically demanding work. D. The adaptation of humans to climate change. 15. Which one could be the best title for the text? A. What exactly is normal human body temperature? B. Why does human body temperature need measuring? C. Human body temperature has decreased over the years D. Human body temperature changes with the environment 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，人类的平均标准体温在下降，传统意义上的37℃的标准体温已经不适用于所有人。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The idea that the normal human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851.(1851年，德国医生Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich首次提出了正常人体温度约为37℃的观点。)”和第二段中的“Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm(最近的研究表明，与公认的标准相比，人群的体温记录往往较低)”可知，Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich提出人类标准体温大约是37℃。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm(标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Par-sonnet,MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening.(最近的研究表明，与公认的标准相比，人群的体温记录往往较低，因此，由医学、健康研究与政策教授Julie Par sonnet医学博士领导的斯坦福大学团队决定进行一项更深入的研究，将现代测量值与历史记录进行比较，试图确定体温趋势，揭示这种冷却现象发生的原因。)”及第三段关于两个不同历史时期体温的对比可知，该研究团队对比研究了历史和当前的人体体温数据。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“One possibility is that improvements in public health over 200 years have reduced the incidence of inflammations(炎症),which promote metabolism. This combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments means that the body doesn’t have to work as hard to stay warm, so the average temperature falls.(一种可能性是，200多年来公共卫生的改善降低了炎症的发生率，炎症可以促进新陈代谢。这与人们在更稳定的环境中过着更舒适的生活相结合，意味着身体不必为了保暖而努力工作，因此平均温度会下降。)”可推知，生活条件的改善使人类的标准体温降低。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段“The idea that the normal human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator of whether someone is sick or well. However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years.(1851年，德国医生Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich 首次提出了正常人体温度约为37℃的观点。从那时起，它被广泛接受，成为健康的试金石——医生和父母使用的诊断工具，作为判断某人是否生病或健康的基本指标。然而，事实证明，事实上，这个公认的事实是不正确的——或者，更准确地说，人类多年来一直在变冷。)”以及后文可知，本文介绍了斯坦福大学的一项研究：自19世纪末以来，人类的标准体温有所下降，由此推断，C项Human body temperature has decreased over the years(人体温度多年来一直在下降)为最佳标题。故选C项。 第二节 七选五 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Exercise needs differ from person to person due to a number of reasons. ___16___ Genetic (基因的) variability Genes play a very big role in determining a person’s response to exercise. ___17___ Some people may naturally prefer endurance activities (耐力训练), while others may have a genetic make-up that favours strength exercises. Therefore, different genes determine different reactions. Age ___18___ Children and adolescents may have different needs for growth and development compared to adults or older people focusing on bone density (密度) and functional abilities. When you are at different ages, you have to choose different exercise. Personal goals ___19___ Most people have their own goals when exercising and the plan they follow needs to meet those goals. Personal preferences also come into play, as some people prefer exercising in a team or class, while others prefer solo workouts. In between exercise Activity levels between workouts will also influence a person’s exercise needs and how much they eat. If you’re in an active job, for example, you might not need as much exercise as someone who often sits. Recovery is also important, as this is where the majority of your gains are made. ___20___ Recognizing and accepting these differences is vital for tailoring effective and sustainable exercise programmes that meet a person’s needs. A. Not everyone wants to get faster or be stronger. B. There are various ways to meet people’s needs. C. So what are the factors that contribute to varying needs? D. Motivation and stress level also affect your recovery often. E. Exercise requirements change over the course of a person’s life. F. Everyone has different recovery times, even after doing the same workout. G. Gene influences factors such as muscle fiber composition and other capacities. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍不同人因为基因，年龄等不同应该制定不同的运动方式。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Exercise needs differ from person to person due to a number of reasons.(由于一些原因，锻炼需求因人而异)”以及后文主要讲述的是为什么人与人之间要制定不同的运动计划，可知，本句引出后文关于需求不同的问题。故C选项“那么是什么因素导致了不同的需求？”符合语境，故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Genes play a very big role in determining a person’s response to exercise.(基因在决定一个人对运动的反应方面起着非常重要的作用)”可知，本句承接上文，说明基因对于运动的影响。故G选项“基因影响肌纤维组成和其他能力等因素”符合语境，故选G。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Children and adolescents may have different needs for growth and development compared to adults or older people focusing on bone density (密度) and functional abilities. When you are at different ages, you have to choose different exercise.(与成年人或老年人相比，儿童和青少年可能对骨密度和功能能力有不同的生长和发育需求。当你在不同的年龄，你必须选择不同的运动)”可知，后文内容告诉我们随着年龄的增长，运动需求会发生改变。故E选项“在人的一生中，运动需求会发生变化”符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Most people have their own goals when exercising and the plan they follow needs to meet those goals. Personal preferences also come into play, as some people prefer exercising in a team or class, while others prefer solo workouts.(大多数人在锻炼时都有自己的目标，他们遵循的计划需要实现这些目标。个人喜好也会起作用，因为有些人喜欢团队或班级锻炼，而另一些人喜欢单独锻炼)”可知，后文主要论述了不同人群的不同锻炼目标。故A选项“不是每个人都想变得更快或更强”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Recovery is also important, as this is where the majority of your gains are made.(恢复也很重要，因为这是你获得大部分收益的地方)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，继续就每个人的运动恢复进行说明。故F选项“每个人都有不同的恢复时间，即使在做了同样的锻炼之后”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Michael Surrell and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from their daughter: “The house next door is on fire!” He instantly went to ____21____ and saw an old woman cried. “The baby is inside!” “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman’s ____22____. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell ____23____ rushed into the burning house. The thick ____24____ caused him to stumble blindly around and made it impossible to ____25____. After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he moved outside to ____26____ his breath. “Where is Tiara?” he asked ____27____. “The second floor,” her grandma shouted back. Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time. Because the house had a ____28____ layout to his, he found the stairs easily and made it to the second floor. But the darkness was ____29____. All he could feel was the crackling and popping of burning wood. Then a soft but ____30____ moan emerged. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any ____31____ of the little girl. Finally, he ____32____ something. He scooped Tiara into his arms, ____33____ through the smoke. Fortunately, Surrell managed to help Tiara out, she was ____34____ from the hospital after a few days. However, The fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary (肺的) condition, which he suffered before, and he feels the effects even two years later. “It’s a small ____35____ to pay,” he says. “I would do it again without a second thought.” 21. A. investigate B. witness C. appreciate D. instruct 22. A. niece B. granddaughter C. cousin D. daughter 23. A. consciously B. immediately C. casually D. calmly 24. A. smoke B. mist C. dust D. smog 25. A. escape B. distinguish C. breathe D. see 26. A. hold B. save C. waste D. catch 27. A. randomly B. cautiously C. nervously D. desperately 28. A. opposite B. similar C. different D. familiar 29. A. thrilling B. challenging C. overwhelming D. threatening 30. A. firm B. loud C. distinct D. sharp 31. A. track B. symbol C. sound D. sign 32. A. touched B. found C. explored D. got 33. A. broke B. struggled C. went D. ran 34. A. rescued B. transported C. suspended D. released 35. A. price B. bill C. check D. fine 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了迈克尔·索雷尔不顾个人安危，冒险冲进邻居家着火的房子，救出了邻居孙女的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他立即去调查，看到一个老妇人在哭。A. investigate调查；B. witness目击；C. appreciate感激；D. instruct指导。根据上文“Michael Surrell and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from their daughter: “The house next door is on fire!”(迈克尔·索雷尔和他的妻子刚把车停好，就接到女儿的电话:“隔壁的房子着火了!”)”可知，上文提到隔壁房子着火，所以他前去查看情况，故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“那个孩子”是8岁的蒂亚拉·罗伯茨，她是这名女子的孙女。A. niece侄女；B. granddaughter孙女；C. cousin表亲；D. daughter女儿。根据后文“her grandma shouted back.”可知，孩子是孙女，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然已经呼叫了消防部门，索雷尔还是立即冲进了着火的房子。A. consciously故意地；B. immediately立即；C. casually随意地；D. calmly平静地。根据后文“caused him to stumble blindly around”可知，索雷尔还是立即冲进了着火的房子。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：浓烟使他盲目地跌跌撞撞，无法呼吸。A. smoke烟雾；B. mist水雾；C. dust灰尘；D. smog雾霾。根据后文“stumble blindly”以及上文提到发生了火灾，所以产生了浓烟。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：浓烟使他盲目地跌跌撞撞，无法呼吸。A. escape逃走；B. distinguish区别；C. breathe呼吸；D. see看见。根据后文“Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time.(索雷尔深吸一口气，第二次走了进去)”可知，浓烟让他无法呼吸。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在烟雾弥漫的房子里呆了几分钟后，他走到外面喘口气。A. hold拿着；B. save挽救；C. waste浪费；D. catch抓住。根据后文“Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time.(索雷尔深吸一口气，第二次走了进去)”可知，在烟雾弥漫的房子里呆了几分钟后，他走到外面喘口气，短语catch one’s breath表示“喘口气”。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“Tiara在哪儿？”他急切地问。A. randomly随机地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. nervously紧张地；D. desperately急切地，绝望地。根据上文“Where is Tiara?”可知，要救出孙女，因此很急切地询问位置。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为房子的布局和他的（房子）相似，他很容易就找到了楼梯，上了二楼。A. opposite相反的；B. similar相似的；C. different不同的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“he found the stairs easily”可知，很轻松找到楼梯是因为房子布局和自己的房子相似。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但黑暗是压倒性的。A. thrilling令人兴奋的；B. challenging挑战性的；C. overwhelming压倒性的；D. threatening威胁性的。根据后文“All he could feel was the crackling and popping of burning wood.(他所能感觉到的只有木柴燃烧的噼啪声和爆裂声)”可知，房子里的黑暗是压倒性的，即看不见东西。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接着传来一声轻柔而清晰的呻吟。A. firm坚固的；B. loud大声的；C. distinct清楚的；D. sharp尖锐的。根据后文“He crawled toward the sound”他凭借声音找到了人的位置，说明呻吟很清晰。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他爬向有声音的地方，寻找着小女孩的踪迹。A. track轨道；B. symbol象征；C. sound声音；D. sign迹象。根据上文“He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any”可知，他爬向有声音的地方，寻找着小女孩的踪迹。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他摸到了什么东西。A. touched触碰；B. found找到；C. explored探索；D. got得到。根据后文something以及“He scooped Tiara into his arms”可知，他最后触碰到了蒂亚拉，救了她。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把蒂亚拉抱在怀里，挣扎着穿过烟雾。A. broke打破；B. struggled努力；C. went去；D. ran奔跑。根据后文“through the smoke”可知，发生火灾，他把蒂亚拉抱在怀里，挣扎着穿过烟雾。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，索雷尔设法帮助了蒂亚拉，几天后她就出院了。A. rescued救援；B. transported运输；C. suspended暂停；D. released出院。根据后文“from the hospital after a few days”可知，女孩几天后出院了。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是一个很小的代价，”他说。A. price价格，代价；B. bill账单；C. check检查；D. fine罚款。根据上文“However, The fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary condition, which he suffered before, and he feels the effects even two years later.(然而，大火加剧了索雷尔的肺部疾病，他之前就患有这种疾病，甚至在两年后他还能感受到这种影响)”以及后文pay，可知他认为为此付出了很小的代价。故选A。 第二节 （共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___36___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___37___ (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___38___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___39___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___40___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___41___ (intend) for everyone. ___42___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___43___ saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___44___ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still _____45_____ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 【答案】36. to teach 37. sixth 38. as 39. where 40. borrowing 41. intended 42. Different 43. for 44. warning 45. be employed 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 【37题详解】 考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。 【45题详解】 考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的文字形式已经流传了几个世纪，今天仍然可以用来引起人们对重要真理的注意。从句主语a simple literal form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 【点睛】 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你班同学决定本周日下午为外教 Daniel举办生日聚会，你因故无法参加，请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示歉意； 2. 说明原因； 3. 表达祝愿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应的位置作答。 Dear Daniel, We’ re throwing a party for your birthday this Sunday afternoon. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Daniel, We’re throwing a party for your birthday this Sunday afternoon. But I am here to express my sincerest apologies for not being able to attend it. As scheduled, there is going to be a science competition on Sunday afternoon. This competition is so important to me that I do not want to miss out on it. You are an amazing teacher, from whom I feel fortunate to have the opportunity to learn. Once again, I apologize for not being able to join in the celebrations. May your birthday be filled with love, laughter, and wonderful memories. Wish you a fantastic birthday! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教 Daniel写封邮件，对自己因故无法参加周日下午举办生日聚会道歉，并说明原因，送上祝福。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：express →convey 幸运的：fortunate → lucky 参加：join in → take part in 充满：be filled with → be full of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：But I am here to express my sincerest apologies for not being able to attend it. 拓展句：But I am here to express my sincerest apologies because I am not able to attend it. 【点睛】【高分句型1】This competition is so important to me that I do not want to miss out on it.（运用了“so…that…”句型引导的结果状语从句） 【高分句型2】You are an amazing teacher, from whom I feel fortunate to have the opportunity to learn.（运用了“介词+whom”引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节 读后续写 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面文章，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整短文。 Once upon a time there was a great man who married the woman of his dreams. With their love, they created a little girl. She was a bright and cheerful little girl and the great man loved her very much. When she was very little, he would pick her up, hum a tune and dance with her around the room , and he would tell her, “I love you, little girl. ” When the little girl was growing up, the great man would hug her and tell her, “I love you, little girl.” The little girl would pout and say, “I’m not a little girl anymore.” Then the man would laugh and say, “But to me, you’ll always be my little girl.” The little, girl who-was-not-little-anymore left her home and went into the world. As she learned more about herself, she learned more about the man. She saw that he truly was great and strong, for now she recognized his strengths. One of his strengths was his ability to express his love to his family. It didn’t matter where she went in the world. The man would call her and say, “I love you, little girl.” The day came when the little girl who-was-not-little-anymore received a phone call. The great man was damaged. “He had had a stroke. He was aphasic,”they explained to the girl. He couldn’t talk anymore and they weren’t sure that he could understand the words spoken to him. He could no longer smile, laugh, walk , hug, dance or tell the little girl who-was-not-little-anymore that he loved her. And so she went to the side of the great man. When she walked into the room and saw him, he looked small and not strong at all. He looked at her and tried to speak, but he could not. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The little girl did what she had been longing to. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ And then she heard from within the man, the beat of his heart. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The little girl did what had longing to. She climbed up on the bed next to the great man. Tears ran from both of their eyes and she drew her arms around the weak shoulders of her father. Her head on his chest, many graceful memories crowded in her mind-the wonderful times they spent together and the happiness she had always felt when protected and cherished by the great man. Tears were welling up in her eyes when she recalled father’s past company and the simple yet warm words. She felt grief for the loss she was to endure, the words of love that had comforted her. How she wished time could be turned back. “I love you, Great Man,” the little girl murmured. And then she heard from within the man, the beat of his heart. The heart where the music and the words had always lived beat faster with her words. The heart beat on, steadily unconcerned about the damage to the rest of the body. The little girl felt from the beating heart as if the once great man was eager to express the long-time-no-heard word “I love you.” Excitement rushed through her and the little girl stuck her head closer on his chest. What she received was a clear, low and familiar voice, “I love you, little girl.” She heard what she had desired to hear. Enveloped by fragrant air, she felt as if she were in the wonderland. Cheerful atmosphere filled in the house. The magic happened, and love could indeed create a miracle. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了小女孩在父亲的爱下长大，女孩长大后不愿意再当父亲的小女孩。在父亲中风再也无法说出“我爱你”之后，女孩才意识到自己多么想听父亲说话。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“小女孩做了她想做的事。”可知，第一段可描写小女孩回忆起过去父亲对自己的爱并表达了自己对父亲的爱的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“然后她听到了他内心的声音，他的心跳声。”可知，第二段可描写父亲发出了声音，奇迹发生的过程。 2.续写线索：回忆父亲的爱——表达对父亲的爱——倾听父亲的心声——奇迹发生了——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 珍惜：cherish/treasure 回忆：recall/recollect 安慰：comfort/console 渴望：be eager to/long for 情绪类 精彩的：wonderful/brilliant 愉快的：cheerful/enjoyable 【点睛】[高分句型1] Tears were welling up in her eyes when she recalled father’s past company and the simple yet warm words.（运用了when引导时间状语从句） [高分句型2] She heard what she had desired to hear.（运用了what引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 项城三高2024—2025学年度上期第一次考试 高三英语试卷 （满分120分，考试时间110分钟。） 本试卷分第I卷 （选择题） 和第II卷非选择题两部分。第I和第II卷的答案都写在答题卷上。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分 略） 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分。满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A. B. C. D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Into the Wild — Get to know some of the mammals that call Yellowstone home Bison Bison can weigh up to 2,000 pounds and are herbivores (食草动物). Despite their size, they are very mobile and can run up to 30 mph and jump up to six feet vertically. In1902, America’s wild bison had decreased to only two dozen due to overhunting. Conservation efforts increased the Yellowstone bison population to 4,800 in 2023. See them in Hayden, Lamar and Pelican valleys. Gray Wolf Gray wolves had gone extinct in Yellowstone until 14 were reintroduced in 1995. Today, approximately 108 wolves live here. These social animals live in groups and can be gray, white or black. They hunt elk, deer and bison near dawn and dusk thanks to their excellent night vision. For your best chance of seeing them, head to Lamar or Hayden valleys or Blacktail Deer Plateau in the early morning. Elk Up to 20,000 elk summer in Yellowstone, but most move to lower elevations in the winter months. Elk are a large member of the deer family and can be identified by their size and white rumps. Mating season, known as“ the rut”, occurs each fall when male elk fight with each other for females. It’s characterized by their haunting bugling sound. In the summer, see them in Cascade Meadows, Madison Canyon and Lamar Valley. Grizzly Bear One of two species of bears in Yellowstone, grizzlies are big. They can weigh up to 700 pounds and have a distinctive hump between their shoulders. Grizzlies are omnivores and will eat bugs, plants, fish and mammals. Approximately 150 live in Yellowstone and if you’ re lucky, you may spot them in the Hayden and Lamar valleys, north of Mount Washington and between Fishing Bridge and the East Entrance. 1. What contributed to the decline of America’s wild bison population by 1902? A. Disease. B. Climate change. C. Unsustainable hunting. D. Habitat loss. 2. Which of the following statements is TRUE about gray wolves in Yellowstone? A. They were reintroduced in 1902. B. They primarily hunt during the midday. C. They can only be found in Lamar Valley. D. They live in packs and can have various colors. 3. Where are you most likely to encounter all the four mammals in Yellowstone? A. Lamar Valley. B. Madison Canyon. C. Pelican Valley. D. Hayden Valley. B As a child, Darrin, who was born and raised in Cameroon, was fascinated by Chinese martial arts. He dreamed about learning the discipline and visiting China one day. In 2016, Darrin, who was a university student majoring in material science in Cameroon, started to learn Chinese at the Confucius Institute(孔子学院). Aside from martial arts, he got to know about the country through photos and videos. After a year of learning Chinese, Darin arrived in Kaifeng, as a language student at Henan University. “When I saw the kung fu masters practice, it was like a dream come true. I was told that martial arts is more than the powerful movements. Like self-defense, it is about a way of life, which is full of Chinese philosophy,” says Darrin. Since 2017, Darrin has entered many martial arts competitions, especially for tai chi, and won a number of awards. He says that tai chi helps him become strong and healthy, stay in good shape and develop excellent concentration, “Tai chi helps me gain my balance, physically and mentally,” says. “It changed me.” Besides tai chi, Darrin also learned to perform Yuju Opera, which is known for its melodic singing, amazing martial arts movements and stories. In 2017, Darrin watched a Yuju Opera performance, Hua Mulan, for the first time after arriving in Kaifeng. “The story is full of drama. The singing of the performers and the live band were full of energy,” recalls Darrin, who later studied Yuju Opera with artist Li Shujian, “Since Yuju Opera is performed in the Henan dialect, he had to learn the dialect first. He learned and practiced very hard,” says Li. In 2019, Dari performed Yuju Opera on the popular TV show, Li Yuan Chun, produced and broadcast by Henan TV. Under his Chinese name, Liu Banjing, Darrin won second place in one of the TV shows. Darrin notes that Kaifeng was formerly known as Bianjing in ancient China. “I have made lots of rinds here and I am considering living and working in China after graduation,” says Darrin. 4. How did Darrin know about China besides Chinese martial arts? A. By studying Chinese philosophy. B. By learning Chinese at a young age. C By visiting China every four years. D. By enjoying photos and videos. 5. What does the fourth paragraph mainly talk about? A. Martial arts’ influence on Darrin. B. Tai chi’s strict discipline. C. Darrin’s numerous awards. D. Darrin’s new dreams. 6 Why did Darrin use Liu Bianjing as his Chinese name? A. To honour his opera teacher. B. To express his love for the city. C. To show his achievements. D. To attract more fans. 7. Which of the following can best describe Darrin? A. Optimistic and generous. B. Humorous and determined. C. Ambitious and multi-talented. D. Adventurous and realistic. C ”Everything happens for the best,” my mother said whenever I faced disappointment. “If you can carry on, one day something good will happen. And you’ll realize that it wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous(先前的)disappointment.” Mother was right, as I discovered after graduating from college in 1932. I had decided to try for a job in radio, then work my way up to sports announcer (体育播音员). I hitchhiked (搭便车) to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station-and got turned down every time. In one studio, a kind lady told me that in most cases big stations couldn’t risk hiring inexperienced person. “Go out in the remote areas and find a small station that’ll give you a chance,” she said. I went back home to Dixon, Illinois. While there was no radio-announcing jobs in Dixon, my father said Montgomery Ward had opened a store and wanted a local athlete (运动员) to manage its sports department. Since Dixon was where I had played high school football, I applied. The job sounded just right for me. But I wasn’t hired. My disappointment must have shown. “Everything happens for the best,” Mom reminded me. Dad offered me the car to hunt for jobs. I tried WOC Radio in Davenport, Iowa. The program director, a wonderful Scotsman named Peter MacArthur, told me they had already hired an announcer. As I left his office, my frustration (挫败) boiled over (沸溢,发怒). I asked aloud, “How can a fellow get to be a sport announcer if he can’t get a job in a radio station?” I was waiting for the elevator when I heard MacArthur calling, “What was that you said about sports? Do you know anything about football?” Then he stood me before a microphone and asked me to broadcast an imaginary game. The preceding autumn, my team had won a game in the last 20 seconds with a 65-yard run. I did a 15-minute boost to that play, and Peter told me I would be broadcasting Saturday’s game! On my way home, as I have many times since, I thought of my mother’s words: “If you carry on, one day something good will happen. Something wouldn’t have happened if not for that previous disappointment”. 8. The reason why the author wasn’t hired in Chicago was probably that ________ A. he showed no confidence at the stations B. there were no job available at the stations C. he had no experience in radio broadcasting D. there were too many people competing with him 9. We learn from the passage that ________ A. the frustration of the author prevented him from performing well at WOC Radio B. both of the author’s parents showed support when he was trying to search for a job C. Peter MacArthur recognize the author’s talent in broadcasting after reading his resume. D. the author lost all his hope and courage when he was turned down by Montgomery Ward 10. What was most likely the author’s attitude towards Peter MacArthur? A. He was worried that Peter wouldn’t believe in his ability B. He was afraid that his loud inner calm would annoy Peter C. He was angry that Peter didn’t offer him a satisfying potential D. He was grateful that Peter could notice his broadcasting potential 11 What lesson (教训) can you learn from the author’s experience in the passage? A. Well begun is half done B. Practice makes perfect C. No cross, no crown D. Rome was not built in a day D The idea that the normal human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator of whether someone is sick or well. However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years. Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm (标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Par-sonnet,MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening. For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct data sets from two historical periods. After going through 677,423 temperature measurements, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.6℃ lower than that of those born in the early 19th century while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.03℃ compared to those born in the 1890s. As to why this is happening, the researchers say that the most likely mechanism is a reduction in the human metabolic rate (代谢率) due to environmental factors: One possibility is that improvements in public health over 200 years have reduced the incidence of inflammations (炎症),which promote metabolism. This combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments means that the body doesn’t have to work as hard to stay warm, so the average temperature falls. ”The environment that we’re living in has changed, including the temperature in our homes, our contact with microorganisms (微生物) and the food that we have access to. All these things mean that although we consider human beings as the same for all of human evolution, we’re not the same. We’re actually changing physiologically,” Parsonnet said. 12. What is Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich’s achievement? A. He set up standards for human health services. B. He predicted trends in human body temperature. C. He first used body temperature as a health indicator. D. He proposed the standard human body temperature. 13. What can we learn about the Stanford team’s study? A. It shows women have a lower body temperature than men. B. It proves human body temperature has dropped at a faster rate. C. It compared historical and current human body temperature data. D. It suggested updating the definition of the average body temperature. 14. Which of the following is thought to cause the decrease in human body temperature? A. The improved living conditions. B. The contact with other creatures. C. The decline in physically demanding work. D. The adaptation of humans to climate change. 15. Which one could be the best title for the text? A. What exactly is normal human body temperature? B. Why does human body temperature need measuring? C. Human body temperature has decreased over the years D. Human body temperature changes with the environment 第二节 七选五 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Exercise needs differ from person to person due to a number of reasons. ___16___ Genetic (基因的) variability Genes play a very big role in determining a person’s response to exercise. ___17___ Some people may naturally prefer endurance activities (耐力训练), while others may have a genetic make-up that favours strength exercises. Therefore, different genes determine different reactions. Age ___18___ Children and adolescents may have different needs for growth and development compared to adults or older people focusing on bone density (密度) and functional abilities. When you are at different ages, you have to choose different exercise. Personal goals ___19___ Most people have their own goals when exercising and the plan they follow needs to meet those goals. Personal preferences also come into play, as some people prefer exercising in a team or class, while others prefer solo workouts. In between exercise Activity levels between workouts will also influence a person’s exercise needs and how much they eat. If you’re in an active job, for example, you might not need as much exercise as someone who often sits. Recovery is also important, as this is where the majority of your gains are made. ___20___ Recognizing and accepting these differences is vital for tailoring effective and sustainable exercise programmes that meet a person’s needs. A. Not everyone wants to get faster or be stronger. B. There are various ways to meet people’s needs. C. So what are the factors that contribute to varying needs? D. Motivation and stress level also affect your recovery often. E Exercise requirements change over the course of a person’s life. F. Everyone has different recovery times, even after doing the same workout. G. Gene influences factors such as muscle fiber composition and other capacities. 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Michael Surrell and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from their daughter: “The house next door is on fire!” He instantly went to ____21____ and saw an old woman cried. “The baby is inside!” “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman’s ____22____. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell ____23____ rushed into the burning house. The thick ____24____ caused him to stumble blindly around and made it impossible to ____25____. After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he moved outside to ____26____ his breath. “Where is Tiara?” he asked ____27____. “The second floor,” her grandma shouted back. Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time. Because the house had a ____28____ layout to his, he found the stairs easily and made it to the second floor. But the darkness was ____29____. All he could feel was the crackling and popping of burning wood. Then a soft but ____30____ moan emerged. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any ____31____ of the little girl. Finally, he ____32____ something. He scooped Tiara into his arms, ____33____ through the smoke. Fortunately, Surrell managed to help Tiara out, she was ____34____ from the hospital after a few days. However, The fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary (肺的) condition, which he suffered before, and he feels the effects even two years later. “It’s a small ____35____ to pay,” he says. “I would do it again without a second thought.” 21. A. investigate B. witness C. appreciate D. instruct 22. A. niece B. granddaughter C. cousin D. daughter 23. A. consciously B. immediately C. casually D. calmly 24. A. smoke B. mist C. dust D. smog 25. A. escape B. distinguish C. breathe D. see 26. A. hold B. save C. waste D. catch 27. A. randomly B. cautiously C. nervously D. desperately 28. A. opposite B. similar C. different D. familiar 29. A. thrilling B. challenging C. overwhelming D. threatening 30. A. firm B. loud C. distinct D. sharp 31. A. track B. symbol C. sound D. sign 32. A. touched B. found C. explored D. got 33. A. broke B. struggled C. went D. ran 34. A. rescued B. transported C. suspended D. released 35. A. price B. bill C. check D. fine 第二节 （共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___36___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___37___ (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___38___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___39___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___40___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___41___ (intend) for everyone. ___42___ (difference) from traditional fables Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___43___ saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___44___ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still _____45_____ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你班同学决定本周日下午为外教 Daniel举办生日聚会，你因故无法参加，请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示歉意； 2. 说明原因； 3. 表达祝愿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应的位置作答。 Dear Daniel, We’ re throwing a party for your birthday this Sunday afternoon. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面文章，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整短文。 Once upon a time there was a great man who married the woman of his dreams. With their love, they created a little girl. She was a bright and cheerful little girl and the great man loved her very much. When she was very little, he would pick her up, hum a tune and dance with her around the room , and he would tell her, “I love you, little girl. ” When the little girl was growing up, the great man would hug her and tell her, “I love you, little girl.” The little girl would pout and say, “I’m not a little girl anymore.” Then the man would laugh and say, “But to me, you’ll always be my little girl.” The little, girl who-was-not-little-anymore left her home and went into the world. As she learned more about herself, she learned more about the man. She saw that he truly was great and strong, for now she recognized his strengths. One of his strengths was his ability to express his love to his family. It didn’t matter where she went in the world. The man would call her and say, “I love you, little girl.” The day came when the little girl who-was-not-little-anymore received a phone call. The great man was damaged. “He had had a stroke. He was aphasic,”they explained to the girl. He couldn’t talk anymore and they weren’t sure that he could understand the words spoken to him. He could no longer smile, laugh, walk , hug, dance or tell the little girl who-was-not-little-anymore that he loved her. And so she went to the side of the great man. When she walked into the room and saw him, he looked small and not strong at all. He looked at her and tried to speak, but he could not. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The little girl did what she had been longing to. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ And then she heard from within the man, the beat of his heart. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $