Unit4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures 同步小练-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

♣ 必修2第4单元同步练习2 第1版 ♣ →【答案】 必修2第4单元课时跟踪练2（第1版） Discovering Useful Structures→【答案】 【Part 1基础知识巩固篇】 I. 基础题型练 (单句语法填空) 1．chosen；2．spoken；3．finished；4．waiting；5．unlocked；6．missing； 7．bought；8．opened；9．sung；10．taken；11．seated；12．stolen； II. 语法与写作 1．known to everybody；2．made by the customers； 3．notice his wallet stolen；4．leave those dishes untouched； 5．had/got his tooth pulled out ；6．taken good care of； III. 语法与语篇 1.abandoned；2.retired；3.given；4.adopted；5.involved；6.given； 【Part 2素养能力提升篇】 Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A篇C；C；B；D； 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名的英国护士弗罗伦斯·南丁格尔的主要事迹。 1．解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Her parents were not pleased with her decision, as nursing was considered a job of the working class at that time.可知，南丁格尔的父母对她追逐护理事业的梦想不是很满意。 2．解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Then, she paid a visit to Pastor Theodor Fliedner in a hospital in Kaiserswerth, Germany.In 1851, she traveled to Kaiserswerth again to take up a 3­month nursing course at the Institute for Protestant Deaconesses.可知，南丁格尔于1851年在德国学习了护理的相关课程。 3．解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，克里米亚战争爆发后，南丁格尔尽力帮助英国军队改善医疗卫生条件。 4．解析：选D　推理判断题。南丁格尔背负着家庭的压力，辗转多地追寻自己的护理事业梦想，并尽全力帮助人们改善医疗条件，促进医学事业的发展。由此可知，南丁格尔是一名乐于助人、意志坚定的人。 B篇A；D；B；A； 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一项别开生面的船只比赛。 5．解析：选A　细节理解题。由第二段中的A loud voice comes out of the loudspeaker, welcoming everyone to the yearly Milk Carton Boat Race.可知，该比赛每年举办一次。 6．解析：选D　细节理解题。由第四段中的This is a community event where we can get people to plan how to build special boats—made with used milk containers可知，参赛船只比较特殊，由用过的牛奶容器建造。 7．解析：选B　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的He says that Cars inspired the building and designing of his boat可知，是一部电影启发了Connor设计建造他的船只。 8．解析：选A　写作目的题。本文报道了一次船只比赛，包括其历史简介、参赛船只特点、举办时间和地点以及部分获奖船只简介等。 Ⅱ. 阅读7选5 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章列举了一些关于如何使用睡眠冥想来入睡的小贴士。 1．选G　此空设于段中，与上文存在指代关系。G项中的this problem指代上文中people have trouble sleeping at night。研究发现，睡眠冥想可以帮助人们解决晚上睡不着觉这个问题。 2．选F　此空设于段中，与上文是解释关系。这里解释上文中提到的为什么要把房间调暗，把空调调低。这是因为黑暗环境和人的体温相对下降是使人入睡的必要条件。 3．选C　此空设于段中，是一个过渡句，与上下文呼应。C项中的Hold this position与前文的一系列动作相吻合。再根据空格后面的release可知，C项中的Hold与release形成呼应，即先保持这个动作，然后放松。 4．选A　此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。作者在本段强调了冥想时要把注意力放在呼吸上。 5．选D　此空设于段尾，与上文存在因果关系。上文提到我们要保持呼气量是吸气量的二倍，这样会增加神经系统的休息部分，最终让大脑接收到睡觉的消息。 Ⅲ. 应用文写作 →参考范文： Dear Mr White， I'm writing to invite you to take part in a reading activity about foreign literature. It is going to be held in the English Corner of our school at 4：00 p．m. this Tuesday. To begin with, all the participants will be divided into different groups to read the same book. After that, they will be allowed to share their own feelings on the book, such as the plot and their attitude towards the main character. At the end of the activity, I'd like you to teach us some reading skills and recommend several classics to us. Looking forward to your reply. Yours， Li Hua ♣ 必修2第4单元同步练习2 第1版 ♣ ，第2页（共4页）→【答案】 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ♣ 必修2第4单元同步练习2 第1版 ♣ 做题时间： 年 月 日 必修2第4单元课时跟踪练2（第1版） Discovering Useful Structures 【Part 1基础知识巩固篇】 I. 基础题型练 (单句语法填空) 1．The players (choose) from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer game. 2．To tell the truth, you must make every effort to improve your (speak) English. 3．No matter how busy she is, Lily manages to get her work (finish) on time. 4．I'm sorry for having kept you (wait) for such a long time. Let's talk about your problem now. 5．My brother rushed out of home with the door (unlock) when his friend called him. 6．I once found my cellphone (miss) during my stay in the city. 7．Prices of daily goods (buy) through a computer can be lower than store prices. 8．The yoga club, (open) last month in our school, is popular among women teachers. 9．I heard the song (sing) several times last week. 10．Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature (take). 11．When he came in, he found all the students (seat)there reading. 12．When she returned home, she found the window open and something (steal). II. 语法与写作 1．They're having a meeting to discuss the serious problem 他们正在开会讨论这个人人都知道的严重问题。 2．To solve the problem, we should meet the demand 为了解决这个问题，我们应该满足顾客提出的需求。 3．To his surprise, he didn't on the train. 使他吃惊的是，他没有注意到他的钱包在火车上被人偷了。 4．You'd better before all the guests are seated. 在所有客人就座之前，你最好不要动这些菜。 5．He went to the hospital and yesterday. 昨天他去医院把牙拔了。 6．The couple felt very satisfied to see their daughter in the new nursery. 这对夫妇看到女儿在这家新托儿所受到很好的照顾，感到很满意。 III. 语法与语篇 用所给词的适当形式填空。 Li Hong once hated cycling and his 1. (abandon) bicycle was in the corner of his room. Later his father invited a 2. (retire) bike instructor to give him some instructions. In order to make him strong, his coach required him to practice every day. He must finish the task in the 3. (give) time. He covered a long distance to improve his strength. The method 4. (adopt) by his coach was very scientific and he made rapid progress. In a cycle race Li Hong took part in, the cyclists 5. (involve) all longed to win medals. During the match, the audience beside the road waved at him and he was proud of himself. Finally, Li Hong won a gold medal. He thought the medal 6. (give) should belong to his coach. 【Part 2素养能力提升篇】 Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A篇 Florence Nightingale was born on the 12th of May, 1820 in Florence. She was a bright child who enjoyed learning from her father, and she developed much knowledge in history, foreign languages, math and so on.When she was 25 years of age, Nightingale told her parents that she wanted to follow her dream of nursing.Her parents were not pleased with her decision, as nursing was considered a job of the working class at that time. In 1849, Nightingale traveled around Europe and Egypt with Charles and Selina Bracebridge, who were friends of the family. During the tour, she had the chance to study the operational systems (运作系统) of several hospitals in different countries. One year later, she decided to study nursing at the Institute of St Vincent de Paul in Egypt. Then, she paid a visit to Pastor Theodor Fliedner in a hospital in Kaiserswerth, Germany.In 1851, she traveled to Kaiserswerth again to take up a 3­month nursing course at the Institute for Protestant Deaconesses.When Nightingale returned to England, she took control over a women's hospital in London. The Crimean War broke out in 1853.Nightingale, with a team of 38 nurses, made her way to Scutari, Turkey.Upon arrival, she found that the military (军队的) hospital was in bad condition, and this led to the increasing mortality rate of the soldiers (军人的死亡率).Nightingale used her influence to tell the British public the bad conditions in the military hospital, and as a result, she was given the power to rebuild the hospital.After she bettered conditions in the hospital, there was a decrease in the death rate of soldiers. In the year 1860, the Nightingale Training School for Nurses was set up in London's St.Thomas' Hospital. Nightingale also wrote two books, Notes on Hospitals and Notes on Nursing, to provide guidance for nurses. Nightingale died in 1910, and she will be remembered forever. 1．What was the attitude of Nightingale's parents to her decision? A．They were happy with it. B．They didn't care about it. C．They were unsatisfied with it. D．They gave her all their support. 2．When did Nightingale start to study in Germany? A．In 1849. B．In 1850. C．In 1851. D．In 1853. 3．What did Nightingale do after the Crimean War broke out? A．She set up a women's hospital. B．She went to help British soldiers. C．She gave out free medicines to soldiers. D．She went back to her home country at once. 4．Which of the following can best describe Nightingale? A．Honest and friendly. B．Warm­hearted and strict. C．Business­minded and brave. D．Helpful and strong­willed. B篇 On a bright Sunday at the Westmoreland Park pond (池塘) in Portland, Oregon, USA, boats are lining up for something special. A loud voice comes out of the loudspeaker, welcoming everyone to the yearly Milk Carton Boat Race.The event has been part of the Portland Rose Festival, a popular event that brings Oregonians together, since 1973.Teams excitedly compete for the People's Choice Award. Adam Baker, whose organization supports the event each year, says that this is an important race for all of Oregon, especially Portland. “This is a community event where we can get people to plan how to build special boats—made with used milk containers, to think long­term on how to build a better boat, how to collect materials (材料), and get everybody working together，” says Baker.“You can have single riders, grown­ups, youths, mixed ages.There's engineering.There's teamwork.” Colton Snook has been taking part in the Milk Carton Boat Race for 10 years.“It's our family tradition in the summer，” he says.Colton and his boat, “Chocolate Thunder”， end up winning first place in the grown­up races—and not for the first time. When the youth teams line up, there is a boat that looks just like a beloved movie character — Lightning McQueen from Pixar's Cars.Connor, the 8­year­old captain, rows across the pond for the first time at high speed and finishes second. Connor and his family built the boat together, making a wood frame (框架) first and then adding milk boxes to increase its ability to float.He says that Cars inspired the building and designing of his boat: “I really like the movie.” The event ends with a warm goodbye from Adam Baker and a promise to be back next year. 5．What can we learn about the Milk Carton Boat Race? A．It is held once a year. B．It has been held for 10 years. C．It is open to people across the US. D．It is older than the Portland Rose Festival. 6．What is special about the boats at the race? A．They are space­saving. B．They are created by children. C．They are offered by Adam Baker for free. D．They are made with used milk containers. 7．Connor got the idea of building his boat from ． A．Colton's boat B．a popular movie C．a family member D．a movie producer 8．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To report a boat competition. B．To introduce a traditional festival. C．To encourage people to learn boat building. D．To draw attention to community development. Ⅱ. 阅读7选5 Nowadays, lots of people have trouble sleeping at night, and some people usually try to fall asleep by counting sheep.But what if it doesn't work; what should we do? 1 And here are the tips on how to use sleep meditation (冥想) to fall asleep. Begin by creating an environment for sleep.Darken the room and remove all electronic devices.Consider turning down the air conditioning. 2 Studies have shown that a dark room is the most suitable for a quick sleep. Prepare for meditation by tightening all the muscles in your body.Lie down in bed on your back.Point your fingers and toes.Lift your arms, legs and head off the bed. 3 And then, when ready, release the body with a loud exhalation (呼气) through the mouth. 4 Lay one hand over the chest and one hand over the belly to feel the movement of the breath through the body.Feel the air passing through your nose.Notice the rise and fall of the chest and the belly. At last, notice the count of your inhalation (吸气).Whatever the count of your inhalation, you will stop at the top of the breath for the same count, and then exhale for double that count.For example, if you inhale for a count of three, you will stop for a count of three, and then exhale for a count of six.By doing that, you are turning off the fight­or­flight part of the nervous system and increasing the rest part of the nervous system. 5 If you still find it hard to fall asleep, simply lie down and repeat these tips until you fall asleep. A．Bring your focus to your breath. B．Meditation is not suitable for everyone. C．Hold this position while holding your breath as long as you can. D．Your brain then receives the message that it's safe to go to sleep. E．High­quality sleep at night will make us stay energetic the next day. F．Both darkness and a drop in body temperature are required to make people sleep. G．Research has discovered that sleep meditation may help people settle this problem. Ⅲ. 应用文写作 假定你是校英语角负责人李华，近期你打算在英语角举办一次外国文学读书活动。请你给外教Mr White写一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括： 1．写信目的；2．活动时间；3．活动内容。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ♣ 必修2第4单元同步练习2 第1版 ♣ ，第2页（共4页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$