Unit 5 Section Ⅰ Starting out&Section Ⅱ Understanding ideas-【新课程能力培养】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习（外研版2019）

高中英语选择性必修 第三册 （外研版） 精编版 Unit5 Learningfromnature SectionⅠ Startingout 基础巩固 一、 词性转化 1. nature; natural; naturally 2. inspire; inspiration; in鄄 spiring; inspired 3. patience; patient; impatient; patiently 4. strong; strength; strengthen 二、 短语英汉互译 1. regard...as 2. be patient with 3. be stuck in 4. adopt a new approach 5. 灵感来源 6. 持续， 继续 7. 有关， 关于 8. 追上， 赶上 三、 句子英汉互译 1. The poem was inspired by the trip to Paris. 2. 他绝不会采纳任何一条建议。 SectionⅡ Understanding ideas 基础巩固 一、 词性转化 1. architect; architecture; architectural 2. associate; associated; association 3. surround; surrounding; sur鄄 roundings 4. nutrition 5. respond; response 6. harmo鄄 ny; harmonious 二、 单句语法填空 1. with 2. reading 3. it 4. in 5. amazed 6. surrounding 7. based 8. is constructed 9. to cover 10. to build 11. to work 12. that 三、 短语英汉互译 1. associate...with.../be associated with 2. be used to 3. take...for granted 4. a superb example of 5. re鄄 spond to 6. be in harmony with 7. 建筑学前沿 8. 被 引入 9. 目的是， 旨在 10. 被……所吸收 11. 以…… 为食， 用……喂养 12. 把……转换成…… 四、 句子英汉互译 1. Losing my job taught me never to take anything for granted. 2. He is an experienced driver and he is used to driving at night. 3. When the students saw the famous architect, they got so excited that they cried out. 4. They converted the old school into luxury flats. 5. 事实上， 我们已经习惯了它们的存在， 甚至可能 把它们视为理所当然， 却没有意识到它们给了我们多少 灵感。 6. 大自然体现在各式各样的建筑设计中。 7. 这些面板还可以吸收太阳的热量 ， 并转化为电 能， 给建筑物供电。 五、 句式转换 1. An open flower might make us think how closely it resembles an umbrella. 2. But of course it wasn蒺t the umbrella that inspired the flower or the roof that inspired the pine cone. 3. Today, architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms, to mimic the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building. 4. The insects built mounds covered in little holes designed to allow air to move freely in and out of the mounds. 5. The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less energy, but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy. 拓展训练 Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A: 1~4 BDCB B: 1~4 DCCB Ⅱ. 完形填空 1~5 DCBCA 6~10 BDCAD 11~15 CBADA SectionⅢ Usinglanguage 基础巩固 一、 词性转化 1. wisdom; wise 2. solution; solve 3. employ; em鄄 ployment; employer; employee 4. physician; physical; physically; 物理学家 二、 单句语法填空 1. cut 2. original 3. of 4. Observe 5. solving/to be solved 6. will be employed 7. to avoid 8. inspired 9. in 10. beneficial 三、 短语英汉互译 80 高中英语选择性必修 练 第三册 （外研版） 精编版 基 础 巩 固 一、 词性转化 1. （ n. ） 自然； 本性； 本质 → （ adj. ） 自然的 → （ adv. ） 自 然地 2. （ v. ） 启发； 激励， 鼓舞 → （ n. ） 灵感； 鼓舞人心的人 / 事 → （ adj. ） 鼓 舞 人 心 的 → （ adj. ） 受到鼓舞的 3. （ n. ） 耐心 → （ adj. ） 耐 心的 / （ n. ） 病人 → （ adj. ） 不耐烦 的 → （ adv. ） 耐心地 4. （ adj. ） 强壮的 → （ n. ） 力量 → （ v. ） 增强 , 加强 二、 短语英汉互译 1. 把……看作 2. 对……有耐心 3. 被困于 4. 采取新的方法 5. the source of inspiration 6. stick with 7. in/with regard to 8. keep pace with 三、 句子英汉互译 1. 这首诗是受巴黎之旅启发的。 2. In no way will he adopt any of the advice. 四、 小练笔 Nature is our best teacher. 请根据以下提 示， 结合 Activity 2 和你的自身经历， 谈谈 你曾经从大自然中获得的启示。 请写到你的 小练笔本上。 1. Have you ever observed nature carefully? 2. What catches your attention when you make an observation? 3. What can you learn from the observation? Share your feelings about it. Section Ⅰ Starting out Unit5 Learningfromnature Section Ⅱ Understanding ideas 基 础 巩 固 一、 词性转化 1. （ n. ） 建筑师 → （ n. ） 建筑， 建筑学 → （ adj. ） 建筑的 2. （ v. ） 联想 ， 联系 → （ adj. ） 有关的， 相关的 → （ n. ） 联系； 协会， 社团 48 Unit5 Learningfromnature 练 3. （ v. ） 环绕 ， 围绕 → （ adj. ） 周围的 → （ n. ） 环境， 周 围的事物 4. nutrient （ n. ） 养分 → （ n. ） 营养 5. （ v. ） 反应 ； 回复 → （ n. ） 反应； 回复 6. （ n. ） 和谐 , 协调 → （ adj. ） 和谐的 二、 单句语法填空 1. Bamboo plants are associated health, abundance and a happy home. 2. I was used to （ read ） the press digest on the bus and sometimes even missed my stop! 3. He seemed to take for granted that everyone understood him. 4. As we can see, she resembles her father character. 5. Little Tom sat （ amaze ） watching a monkey dancing in front of him. 6. With dark clouds （ surround ） the mountain tops, he lost his way and had to stop. 7. She works for a Beijing （ base ） advertisement agency. 8. Now with probes （探测器） on the moon, people have the chance to obtain informa鄄 tion about how the moon （ con鄄 struct ） . 9. The best reports were sent （ co鄄 ver ） the upcoming Olympic Games. 10. Algae panels are used （ build ） a completely self鄄sufficient building. 11. During the pandemic, access to the Inter鄄 net enables us （ work ） from home. 12. It was not until recently his pain鄄 ting talent was fully recognised. 三、 短语英汉互译 1. 与……有联系 2. 习惯于…… 3. 认为……理所当然 4. 极好的……例子 5. 对……作出回应 6. 与……和谐相处 7. architecture frontier 8. be drawn into 9. be designed to 10. be absorbed by 11. be fed with 12. convert...into... 四、 句子英汉互译 1. 失去工作教会我不要把任何事情当成理所 应当的。 （ take...for granted ） 2. 他是个有经验的司机而且习惯于在夜间开 车。 （ be used to ） 3. 当学生们看到这个知名建筑师时， 他们特 别激动地叫喊了起来。 （ so...that ） 4. 他们把这所老学校变成了豪华公寓 。 （ convert...into ） 5. In fact, we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realizing 49 高中英语选择性必修 练 第三册 （外研版） 精编版 how much inspiration they have given us. 6. Nature is presented in various architectural designs. 7. The panels also capture heat from the sun and convert it into energy that powers the building. 五、 句式转换 想想看， 教材中是怎样表达相同意思 的？ 都使用了什么句子结构或表达方式？ 1. People naturally think that an open flower is similar to an umbrella. 2. But in fact inspiration for the umbrella came from a flower and inspiration for the roof from a pine cone. 3. Today, architects continue to explore ways in which they absorb the beauty of natural forms, imitate how nature works or even use natural organisms in buildings. 4. The termites built mounds covered in little holes which were designed to make air in and out of the mounds. 5. Therefore, the building uses less energy, as well as responds to the environment. In addition, it can generate its own renewable energy, which is less damaging to the environment. 六、 小练笔 Nature in Architecture 一文中列举了三 个有代表性的建筑， 哪一个令你印象最深？ 简单谈谈理由。 如果你有机会设计一座建 筑， 你会从自然界中汲取什么灵感？ 写到你 的小练笔本上。 拓 展 训 练 Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A （ 2023 年全国新高考 Ⅱ 卷） As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is be鄄 coming harder to find. If you蒺re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it蒺s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and well鄄 ness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is ex鄄 tremely important for human well鄄being. The research team focused on a large ur鄄 ban park. They surveyed several hundred park鄄 goers, asking them to submit a written sum鄄 mary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding （编 码 ） experiences into different categories. For example, one participant蒺s experience of “ We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while ” was assigned the categories “ sitting at beach ” and “ listening to waves ” . Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of 50 Unit5 Learningfromnature 练 categories the researchers call a “ nature lan鄄 guage ” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an es鄄 tablished trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For exam鄄 ple, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young pro鄄 fessional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “ We蒺re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human鄄nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it, ” said Peter Kahn, a senior au鄄 thor of the study. （ ） 1. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A. Pocket parks are now popular. B. Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C. Many cities are overpopulated. D. People enjoy living close to na鄄 ture. （ ） 2. Why did the researchers code par鄄 ticipant submissions into categories? A. To compare different types of park鄄goers. B. To explain why the park attracts tourists. C. To analyze the main features of the park. D. To find patterns in the visitors ’ summaries. （ ） 3. What can we learn from the exam鄄 ple given in Paragraph 5? A. Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B. Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C. The same nature experience takes different forms. D. The nature language enhances work performance. （ ） 4. What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A. Language study. B. Environmental conservation. C. Public education. D. Intercultural communication. B When top engineers in Germany wanted to build a more energy鄄efficient car, they headed to the natural history museum to study dolphins and sharks. But it was the boxfish that interested them. “ We were surprised when this clumsy鄄 looking fish became our model for designing 51 高中英语选择性必修 练 第三册 （外研版） 精编版 an aerodynamic （空气动力学的 ） car ” , says Thomas Weber. He is the research and deve鄄 lopment chief for the car company Daimler. An aerodynamic design reduces wind drag and increases fuel efficiency. The boxfish may look clumsy, but it can start, stop, back up and zigzag （曲折前进 ） through the water with ease. And it does all this using surprisingly little energy. Daimler蒺s bionic （仿 生 学 的 ） car is modeled on the fish蒺s boxy skeletal （骨骼的 ） system. Like the fish, the car is fast and drives easily. It蒺s efficient too. The science behind nature鄄inspired inven鄄 tions is called biomimicry. Biologist Tanine Benvus came up with the term. As co鄄founder of the Biomimicry Guild, she has worked with cereal companies, sneaker designers and others to develop products based on Nature蒺s best ideas. This month, the Nature蒺s 100 Best List will be revealed at the World Conservation Congress （代表大会 ） in Barcelona, Spain. Benyus co鄄authored the list of nature鄄inspired designs with economist Gunter Pauli. In Zim鄄 babwe, a country in southern Africa, engineers designed energy鄄efficient buildings modeled on termite mounds. The buildings use holes to keep the air flowing and the temperature cool. A company in Atlanta, the US, developed a self鄄cleaning paint modeled on the lotus leaf. When the paint dries, it becomes bumpy （不 平的 ） , just like the lotus leaf. Rain drops form on the bumps and roll off, carrying dirt along with them. Nature has done billions of years of re鄄 search. Only the best designed products have survived. Companies owe Mother Nature a debt for all that hard work, says Benyus. For scientists and inventors, the possibili鄄 ties for copying nature are limitless. Techno鄄 logy may never be as efficient as nature, or as colorful. But that doesn蒺t mean we should stop trying to learn from the world around us. Take a walk outside. Watch a squirrel climb up a tree. Look closely at the veins （纹理 ） of a leaf. Hear the birds chirping in the trees. Such small details may help solve big problems in the future. （ ） 1. Which is true according to the pa鄄 ssage? A. In America a self鄄cleaning paint was modeled on the lotus flo鄄 wer. B. Zimbabwe engineers learned from termites to create highly advanced heating systems. C. After the boxfish , many other ideas of new products are bo鄄 rrowed from nature. D. Nature is a good source to turn to for improving technology. （ ） 2. Why did top engineers in Germany go to the natural history museum? A. They wanted to pay a visit to the animals there because they 52 Unit5 Learningfromnature 练 were so lovely. B. They wanted to carry out a re鄄 search of boxfish and dolphins. C. They wanted to search for a model to base on for building a more efficient car. D. They wanted to study the sci鄄 ence of survival. （ ） 3. The clumsy鄄looking boxfish inter鄄 ested the scientists because of the following reasons except that . A. it swims using little energy B. being boxy, it looks quite like a car C. some engineers had researched on how to swim easily in the water D. it is a speedy swimmer （ ） 4. What蒺s the main idea of the pa鄄 ssage? A. How Daimler蒺s bionic car came into being. B. Nature has inspired a lot of in鄄 ventions and will continue to. C. Scientists and inventors蒺 contri鄄 bution to modern industry comes from nature. D. The Nature蒺s 100 Best List. Ⅱ. 完形填空 （ 2023 年 1 月浙江） The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 1 a unique honey harvest. Here, in south鄄 east Ethiopia, hand鄄carved beehives （蜂 箱 ） are placed in the 2 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult — and often 3 . I 4 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 5 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 6 the bunch to create a torch （火把） . Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 7 . He stopped every few min鄄 utes to move the 8 higher up the tree trunk. 9 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sit鄄 ting on a branch, he 10 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he蒺d 11 the trunk （树干） and was back on the ground. It was too 12 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 13 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs （蜂巢 ） . The adult bees were 14 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right 15 to go back up. （ ） 1. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness （ ） 2. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves （ ） 3. A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless （ ） 4. A. searched B. recognized C. followed D. invited （ ） 5. A. gathered B. cleaned 53 高中英语选择性必修 练 第三册 （外研版） 精编版 C. dropped D. checked （ ） 6. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated （ ） 7. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing （ ） 8. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey （ ） 9. A. Finally B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Immediately （ ） 10. A. backed B. dived C. shouted D. inched （ ） 11. A. cut off B. gone up C. slid down D. held onto （ ） 12. A. high B. early C. fast D. close （ ） 13. A. hatching B. training C. sowing D. trading （ ） 14. A. curious B. hungry C. bored D. angry （ ） 15. A. moment B. equipment C. person D. order Section Ⅲ Using language 基 础 巩 固 一、 词性转化 1. （ n. ） 智慧 → （ adj. ） 明智的 2. （ n. ） 解决方法 → （ v. ） 解决 3. （ v. ） 使用， 运用； 雇佣 → （ n. ） 雇佣 → （ n. ） 雇主 → （ n. ） 雇员 4. （ n. ） 医生 → （ adj. ） 身体的； 物理学的 → （ adv. ） 身 体上地 →physicist （ n. ） 二、 单句语法填空 1. I like your new hairstyle. Where did you get your hair （ cut ） ? 2. The building has a very （ origin ） design and even wins the Pritzker Prize. 3. As a child, he couldn蒺t understand why the medal was great significance. 4. （ observe ） carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab. 5. This is an urgent issue that needs （ solve ） . 6. The positive qualities found in early child鄄 hood （ employ ） in children蒺s fu鄄 ture life and work. 7. Neighbours should do all they can （ avoid ） disturbing other people. 8. This piece of music was created （ inspire ） by dolphin sounds. 9. She was employed making a list of all the jobs to be done. 10. Gradually, I can see the （ bene鄄 fit ） results of rising early. 三、 短语英汉互译 1. 理应， 应当 2. 寻求解决方法 54