Unit 3 Section Ⅳ Developing ideas&Section V Presenting ideas-【新课程能力培养】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册同步练习（外研版2019）

参 考 答 案 1. incredibly 2. sensitive; sensible; senseless 3. distance 4. basic; basically; basis; basement 5. army; 解 除 …… 的 武 装 6. security; insecure 7. cruelty 8. stably; stability 9. destructive; destruction 10. forgetful; forgettable; unforgettable 二、 单句语法填空 1. stability 2. is playing 3. is 4. was 5. are being taken 6. are dressed 7. is 8. is 9. is 10. was 三、 短语英汉互译 1. put down/hold down 2. refer to...as... 3. be reason enough to do sth. 4. play a role in 5. on standby 6. 影评 7. 使遭受打击 8. 恐怖性轰炸 9. 联合国维 和部队 10. 冲突地带 拓展训练 Ⅰ. 七选五 1~5 BDAFE Ⅱ. 完形填空 1~5 BDACC 6~10 DDABC 11~15 ACBDB SectionⅣ Developingideas 基础巩固 一、 词性转化 1. academic; academics; academically 2. aggressive 3. intellectual; intelligence; intelligent 4. associated; association 5. emergence 6. invader; invasion 7. glori鄄 ous 8. dedicated; dedication 9. representation; represen鄄 tative 10. collective; collector; collection 11. mountai鄄 nous 12. resistant; resistance 二、 单句语法填空 1. representative 2. invader 3. collective 4. dedi鄄 cation 5. academic 6. resistant 7. associated 8. moun鄄 tainous 9. glorious 10. aggression 三、 短语英汉互译 1. refer to 2. lay the foundation for 3. be occupied by 4. light up 5. due to 6. it is no wonder that 7. serve as 8. in the modern era 9. 巨大的挑战 10. 一段漫长 而艰辛的旅程 11. 殃及 ， 祸害 12. 压住 ， 使固定 13. 在交战状态中 14. 使命感 15. 至高无上的光荣 16. 集体记忆 四、 句子英汉互译 1. 他所说的是另一个巨大的挑战。 2. 她的工作是当一个看门人。 3. 那些羊被塞入一辆卡车运走， 不给吃也不给喝。 4. 这家酒店的点睛之笔是那座令人惊叹的屋顶花园。 5. 我们在找一个对这项工作真正负责的人。 6. 他拿着字典把试卷压了下来 ， 生怕试卷被风吹 走。 7. It is no wonder that they build a beautiful image in other蒺s heart. 8. What we are learning at school will lay the foundation for the future. 9. They can also refer to pop culture and new cultural trends. 10. But I think people want to see the kid蒺s face light up when they open their gift. 五、 句式转换 1. Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky, often lit up by exploding Japanese bombs. 2. They had to live in rough buildings, packed 40 to a room, like sardines. 3. A product of the war, Lianda is now physically gone. But it has become the crowning glory of China蒺s modern universities, not only because of its prominent professors and talented students, but also because of the school蒺s strong spirit of perseverance and dedication. 4. It has become part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation, with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era. 拓展训练 阅读理解 A: 1～４ ＡＣＤＤ B: 1~3 CAB SectionⅤ Presentingideas 基础巩固 一、 词性转化 1. summarize; summary 2. irrelevant; relevance 3. critical; criticism; criticize 4. loyalty 5. fiercely 二、 单句语法填空 1. irrelevant 2. loyalty 3. summarized 4. critical 5. into 三、 短语英汉互译 1. lack of 2. a large sum of 3. fight against 4. break through 5. track down 6. turn into 7. 一位抗 77 高中英语选择性必修 第三册 （外研版） 精编版 SectionⅠ Startingout 基础巩固 一、 词性转化 1. predict 2. limited; limit 3. incorrect 二、 短语英汉互译 1. make predictions 2. unlimited possibilities 3. come true/become reality 4. science fiction 5. 一瞥 6. 调查精神 7. 证明是， 结果是 8. 对未知事情的了解 三、 句子英汉互译 1. The future has unlimited possibilities. 2. What do you think the world will be like in the future? 3. 曾经做过哪些关于未来的预测？ 4. 它们讲述了关于未来世界的什么故事？ SectionⅡ Understanding ideas 基础巩固 一、 词性转化 1. assist; assistance 2. potential 3. capable 4. analysis; analyses 5. legal 6. moral 7. regulation 二、 单句语法填空 1. to become 2. doing 3. On; at 4. out 5. to regulate 6. to agree 7. to; in 8. solutions 9. As 10. to 三、 短语英汉互译 1. happen to sb. 2. so far 3. in contrast 4. lie in 5. agree on 6. be concerned about 7. on the whole 8. be capable of 9. be at risk 10. a solution to 11. 出 去玩， 闲逛 12. 易受影响 13. 消灭 14. 创造这个词 15. 出售， 发售 16. 上市 17. 长远来看 18. 出错 19. 落入坏人手中 20. 不得不， 别无选择只能做 四、 句子英汉互译 1. In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking, Artificial Intelligence will be “ either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity ” . 2. It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants. 3. As it is, almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years. 4. As they won蒺t be susceptible to human error, they蒺ll certainly be a lot safer. 5. The advantage of this new device lies in its simple structure. 6. I used to hang out with my friends at the weekends in the past. 7. 我们可能被视为解决更大问题道路上的一个 “小” 麻烦。 8. 如果幸运的话 ， 人工智能可能会认为我们足够 有价值 ， 可以留下来 。 否则 ， 它可能会扫清我们所有 人。 9. 我想大家都认可的一点就是， “这是我的 AI 做 的” 这句话不会成为非法行为或不道德行为的任何借 口！ 五、 句式转换 1. Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant. 2. Still, I do think that developments in AI will on the whole make doing day鄄to鄄day things a lot easier. 3. I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data, which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts. 4. But while super鄄intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it goes wrong of falls into the wrong hands, it could also be the most dangerous. 拓展训练 阅读理解 A: 1~4 BABC B: 1~4 CDAC Unit4 Aglimpseofthefuture 日英雄 8. 中国共产党 9. 游击战 10. 一个沉重的打 击 11. 一阵， 一大堆 12. 一粒米 四、 句子英汉互译 1. 这对日本汽车厂商是沉重的打击。 2. 他们获胜时， 帽子、 纸杯、 撕碎的纸片像一阵冰 雹似的落满了足球场。 3. She paid me a large sum of money for my services. 4. Scientists think they are beginning to break through when fighting against cancer. 5. She was disappointed by his lack of responsibility. 78 高中英语选择性必修 练 第三册 （外研版） 精编版 Section Ⅳ Developing ideas 基 础 巩 固 一、 词性转化 1. academy （ n. ） 学会， 研究院 → （ adj. ） 学术的 → （ n. ） 学术水 平 → （ adv. ） 学术上， 学业上 2. aggression （ n. ） 挑衅 ， 侵略 → （ adj. ） 好斗的， 挑衅的 3. intellect （ n. ） 智力， 思维能力 → （ adj. ） 智力的， 脑力的 → （ n. ） 智力 → （ adj. ） 智能的， 聪明的 4. associate （ v. ） 使……联系起来 → （ adj. ） 联合的 → （ n. ） 协会， 联 盟 5. emerge （ v. ） 出现 → （ n. ） 出现， 显现 6. invade （ v. ） 侵略 → （ n. ） 侵略 者， 侵略军 → （ n. ） 侵略， 入侵 7. glory （ n. ） 辉煌的成就， 荣耀 → （ adj. ） 光荣的， 辉煌的 8. dedicate （ v. ） 致力于， 献身于 → （ adj. ） 专注的， 献身的 → （ n. ） 奉献 9. represent （ v. ） 代表 ， 描绘 → （ n. ） 代表， 描绘 → （ n./adj. ） 代 表性人物 / 有代表性的， 典型的 10. collect （ v. ） 收集， 采集， 聚集 → （ adj. ） 集体的， 共同的 → （ n. ） 收藏家， 收集者 → （ n. ） 收藏 品， 收集物 11. mountain （ n. ） 山 ， 高 山 → （ adj. ） 多山的， 山一般的 12. resist （ v. ） 阻 挡 ， 抵 制 → （ adj. ） 抵制的， 反抗的 → （ n. ） 反对， 抵制 二、 单句语法填空 1. The singer is regarded as a （ rep鄄 resent ） of the youth of her generation. 2. Any new company is seen as an （ invade ） in an already competitive market. 3. Social science is a （ collect ） name, covering a series of individual sciences. 4. Your talent and （ dedicate ） to this project have been truly impressive. 5. The students return in October for the start of the new （ academy ） year. 6. Elderly people are not always （ resist ） to change. 7. These symptoms are particularly （ associate ） with headaches. 8. Nowadays tractors are used even in remote （ mountain ） regions. 9. We are now engaged in a great and most （ glory ） cause. 10. The research shows that computer games may cause （ aggressive ） . 三、 短语英汉互译 1. 指的是 2. 为……奠定基础 3. 被……占用 30 Unit3 Warandpeace 练 4. 照亮， 点亮 5. 因为， 由于 6. 难怪 7. 担任， 起……作用 8. 在现代 9. immense challenges 10. an epic journey 11. bring disaster to 12. hold down 13. at war 14. a sense of commitment 15. crowning glory 16. collective memory 四、 句子英汉互译 1. What he said was another immense cha鄄 llenge. 2. Her job was to serve as a gatekeeper. 3. The sheep had been packed into a truck and transported without food or water. 4. The hotel蒺s crowning glory was a stunning roof garden! 5. We are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment to the job. 6. He took a dictionary to hold down the test papers for fear that they might be blown away. 7. 难怪他们能在别人心里建立一个美好形 象。 8. 我们在学校学到的将为我们的将来打下基 础。 9. 它们也可以指流行文化和新文化趋势。 10. 但我认为人们希望看到孩子打开礼物时 脸上露出笑容。 五、 句式转换 想想看， 教材中是怎样表达相同意思 的？ 都使用了什么句子结构或表达方式？ 1. Along the journey to Lianda, professors and students had no place to live in and they had to sleep on the road. They were often threatened by the Japanese bombings, from which they had no protection. 2. They had to live in very basic buildings, with each room containing 40 people, so that there was very little space for each per鄄 son. 3. Lianda no longer exists, because it was the war that caused it to be created. But it has become China蒺s most respected university, not only because of the excellent professors and students, but also because of the school蒺s strong values of determination and duty. 31 高中英语选择性必修 练 第三册 （外研版） 精编版 4. All Chinese people have remembered Lian鄄 da. Modern Chinese universities are still in鄄 spired by Lianda today. 六、 小练笔 在你看来， 联大精神具体体现在哪些方 面？ 这些精神对你又有哪些帮助？ 请写到你 的小练笔本上。 拓 展 训 练 阅读理解 A （ 2021 年全国乙卷） During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction （干扰） in his open office, he said, “ That蒺s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus. ” His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout （布局） . But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works. The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels （ 分 贝 ） , 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise. But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one蒺s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “ distracted focus ” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks. So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can蒺t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others蒺 conversations while we蒺re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face鄄to鄄face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions. （ ） 1. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space? A. It helps him concentrate. 32 Unit3 Warandpeace 练 B. It blocks out background noise. C. It has a pleasant atmosphere. D. It encourages face鄄to鄄face inter鄄 actions. （ ） 2. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking a鄄 bility? A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels. C. 70 decibels. D. 85 decibels. （ ） 3. What makes an open office unwel鄄 come to many people? A. Personal privacy unprotected. B. Limited working space. C. Restrictions on group discussion. D. Constant interruptions. （ ） 4. What can we infer about the author from the text? A. He蒺s a news reporter. B. He蒺s an office manager. C. He蒺s a professional designer. D. He蒺s a published writer. B （ 2022 年北京卷） “ What would the world be if there were no hunger? ” It蒺s a question that Professor Crystal would ask her students. They found it hard to answer, she wrote later, because imagining something that isn蒺t part of real life鄄and learning how to make it real — is a rare skill. It is taught to artists and engineers, but much less often to scientists. Crystal set out to change that, and helped to create a global movement. The result — an approach known as systems thinking — is now seen as essential in meeting global challenges. Systems thinking is crucial to achieving targets such as zero hunger and better nutrition because it requires considering the way in which food is produced, processed, delivered and consumed, and looking at how those things intersect （交 叉 ） with human health, the environment, economics and society. According to systems thinking, changing the food system — or any other network — requires three things to happen. First, researchers need to identify all the players in that system; second, they must work out how they relate to each other; and third, they need to understand and quantify the impact of those relationships on each other and on those outside the system. Take nutrition. In the latest UN report on global food security, the number of undernourished （ 营 养 不 良 ） people in the world has been rising, despite great advances in nutrition science. Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships between calories, sugar, fat and the occurrence of common diseases. But using machine learning and artificial intelligence, some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26,000 biochemicals — and that the vast majority are not known. This shows that we have some way to travel before achieving the first objective of systems thinking which, in this example, is to identify more constituent parts of the nutrition system. 33 高中英语选择性必修 练 第三册 （外研版） 精编版 A systems approach to creating change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power. But as some researchers find, the food system is not an equal one. A good way to redress （修正） such power imbalance is for more universities to do what Crystal did and teach students how to think using a systems approach. More researchers, policymakers and repre鄄 sentatives from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach. Crystal knew that visions alone don蒺t produce results, but concluded that “ we蒺ll never produce results that we can蒺t envision ” . （ ） 1. The author uses the question under鄄 lined in Paragraph 1 to . A. illustrate an argument B. highlight an opinion C. introduce the topic D. predict the ending （ ） 2. What can be inferred about the field of nutrition? A. The first objective of systems thinking hasn蒺t been achieved. B. The relationships among players have been clarified. C. Machine learning can solve the nutrition problem. D. The impact of nutrition cannot be quantified. （ ） 3. As for systems thinking , which would the author agree with? A. It may be used to justify power imbalance. B. It can be applied to tackle chall鄄 enges. C. It helps to prove why hunger exists. D. It goes beyond human imagina鄄 tion. Section Ⅴ Presenting ideas 基 础 巩 固 一、 词性转化 1. sum （ n. ） 金额， 款项 → （ v. ） 总 结 → （ n. ） 总结 2. relevant （ adj. ） 有关的， 切题的 → （ adj. ） 不相关的 → （ n. ） 相关性 3. critic （ n. ） 批评家 ， 评论员 → （ adj. ） 批判的， 关键的， 严重的 → （ n. ） 批评， 意见 → （ v. ） 批评， 指责， 评论 4. loyal （ adj. ） 忠诚的 → （ n. ） 忠诚 5. fierce （ adj. ） 凶猛的， 激烈的 → （ adv. ） 猛烈地， 厉害地 二、 单句语法填空 1. The evidence was （ relevance ） to the case. It was useless. 2. They swore their （ loyal ） to the 34 Unit3 Warandpeace 练 king. 3. The results of the research are （ sum ） at the end of the chapter. 4. Your decision is （ critic ） to our future. 5. The fighting is threatening to turn full鄄scale war. 三、 短语英汉互译 1. 缺乏 2. 一大笔 （钱） 3. 与……作斗争 4. 突破 5. 追捕 6. 使变成 7. an anti鄄Japanese hero 8. Communist Party of China 9. guerrilla war 10. a huge blow 11. a hail of 12. a single grain of ice 四、 句子英汉互译 1. It is a huge blow for the Japanese carmaker. 2. A hail of hats, paper cups and torn paper fell on the football field when they won. 3. 她为我的服务付给我一大笔钱。 4. 科学家们认为他们在对抗癌症的研究中开 始有所突破。 5. 她对他的缺乏责任感感到失望。 五、 大练笔 你可以在以下两个题目中任选一个， 作 为本单元的写作大练笔。 1. 介绍一位抗日英雄及其主要事迹。 2. 写一篇关于 “战争与和平” 的演讲稿。 35