Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Understanding ideas-【新课程能力培养】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册学习手册（外研版2019）

Unit5 Adelicateworld 学 文 脉 梳 理 Macquarie Island: From Chaos to Conver鄄 sation 这篇文章是按着时间顺序陈述人类在 麦夸里岛的每一次行为及这些行为背后的目 的及其导致的意外的结果， 进而表明人类之 前的干预活动给麦夸里岛带来的严重后果。 请根据课文， 选出每段段意。 A. The solutions to the problem after the island became an nature reserve. B. Why I am on the island. C. The introduction of the island. D. Without cats, the mouse and rats start鄄 ed to increase. E. The rabbits were introduced to the is鄄 land and its result. F. The sad story began. Para. 1: Para. 2: Para. 3: Para. 4: Para. 5: Para. 6: 品 鉴 语 言 在完成汉译英的过程中， 体验和感悟文 章中语言表达的准确、 生动与细腻。 MACQUARIE ISLAND: from Chaos to Conservation I am standing on Macquarie Island, in the South鄄west Pacific Ocean, halfway between Australia and Antarctica. Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long, thin shape. The green grass and bare rock of its landscape 1. （反差巨大） , giv鄄 ing it a wild and natural beauty. No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants, including royal penguins, king penguins, and elephant seals 2. （完美地和谐 共存 ） their natural habitat for thousands of years. But the island蒺s more recent history tells Section Ⅱ Understanding ideas 学习目标 1. 精读文章， 了解麦夸里岛上发生的事情并分析人类对麦夸里岛的介入行为、 目的及对该 岛造成的影响， 能够使用流程图呈现重要信息， 提高学习效率。 2. 通过思考开发性问题来提升思辨能力， 认识到人类应该对自然保持一颗赤子之心， 培养 与自然和谐相处的意识。 必备 知识 单词 halfway dramatically inhabitant habitat subsequently appetite multiply chaos conservation virus decrease trap departure immunity explode collapse substantial incident intervention owe postscript ecology 短语 fail to do develop a close friendship with in turn owe it to sb. to do sth. 关键能力 读 59 高中英语选择性必修 第二册 （外研版） 精编版 学 a different story. It蒺s tragic story that began in 1810 when humans arrived on the island. In their ships they 3. （不经意间 带来了 ） rats and mice. These small animals quickly 4. （占领了岛屿） , eat鄄 ing the birds蒺 eggs and attacking baby birds. Cats were brought to the island to control the rats and mice. Unfortunately, the cats subse鄄 quently 5. （以鸟为食） , too. Meanwhile, rabbits were introduced to the island as 6. （食物来源） for humans. Loose on the island, they did what rabbits do best — they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and 7. （挖洞） , which caused soil erosion. The 8. （爆炸式增长的兔子数 量 ） provided plentiful food for the cats, meaning that the number of cats also increased. This 9. （反过来， 继而） led to more cats hunting the birds. The end result was that parakeets, once large in number and native to the island, 10. （灭 绝） in 1891. Even after Macquarie Island became 11. （国家自然保护区） in the 1970s, the rabbits remained 12. （不 受 控 制 ） . Experts felt it necessary to 13. （提出方案） to remove all the rabbits from the island. 14. （怀着这个目标 ） , a virus was released onto the island. But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130,000 to around 10,000, it also meant less food for the cats. The cats 15. （结果 ） turned their attention — and their stomachs — back to the native birds, killing up to 60,000 each year. In the 1980s, traps and dogs were used to catch the cats. The last Macquarie Is鄄 land cat was caught in 2000. But 16. （正如俗语所说） , “ While the cats away, the mice will play. ” With the departure of the cats from the island, the mouse and rat population started to in鄄 crease. And remember those 10,000 or so rab鄄 bits? It turned out that 17. （它 们对病毒产生了免疫） , and their numbers ex鄄 ploded once again. Then, in 2006, the rabbits蒺 digging caused some land to collapse, and killed a substantial number of penguins. This incident made it clear that the rat, mouse and rabbit problem 18. （需要被一 次彻底地解决） . So, I am here on Macquarie Island to par鄄 ticipate in the programme to tackle this very problem. The first step involved poison being dropped from helicopters. The next step is to 19. （清除所有的入侵物种） , and that蒺s where I come in — with my dogs. They have been trained to find every last one, without harming the native animals. This inter鄄 vention is a long, much鄄delayed ending to a sad story, but we humans 20. （亏欠这座岛屿一个快乐的结局） . 60 Unit5 Adelicateworld 学 重 点 知 识 1. fail （ 1 ） fail to do sth. 意为 “未能做成某事 ”， 和否定词连用时表示肯定概念。 The great bridge cannot fail to stop you in your tracks. 这座宏伟的大桥一定会让 你止步观赏。 （ 2 ） fail in sth./doing sth. He failed in persuading her to go there with him. 他没能说服她和自己一起去。 誅 牛刀小试 ① 找到你没能实现目标的原因很重要。 It is important to find out . ② 我通过了历史考试， 但是化学不及格。 I pass history but . 2. owe it to sb. to do sth. 表示 “应该为某人 做某事”。 We owe it to the heroes to build a memorial. 我们应该给这些英雄建一座纪念碑。 誅 牛刀小试 我们应该为孩子们治理环境。 We owe to our children （ clean ） up the environment. 3. develop 的用法 （ 1 ） develop a taste for 意为 “对……产生 兴趣”。 （ 2 ） develop an interest in 意为 “对……产生 兴趣”。 （ 3 ） develop a close friendship 意为 “ 与…… 产生了亲密的友谊”。 （ 4 ） develop the habit of 意为 “养成了…… 习惯”。 （ 5 ） develop （ an ） immunity to 意为 “对…… 产生免疫力”。 誅 牛刀小试 ①Suzy in violin when she was just a baby. Suzy 还是孩子的时候就对小提琴产生了 兴趣。 ②He before going to bed. 他已经养成了睡前阅读的习惯。 ③They to the virus. 他们已经对这种病毒产生了免疫力。 参 考 译 文 麦夸里岛： 从混乱不堪到精心保护 我正站在麦夸里岛上， 这里位于太平洋 的西南部， 澳大利亚和南极洲的中间。 强风 和惊涛骇浪将海岛塑成现在狭长的形状。 绿 草和光秃的岩石形成的景观反差巨大， 使海 岛呈现出种狂野和天然的美。 这座岛是联合 国教科文组织确立的世界遗产， 游客们都认 为其名副其实。 他们也不难想象出， 数千年 来， 包括帝企鹅、 王企鹅和象海豹在内的当 地动物是如何与其自然栖息地完美地和谐共 存的。 但是， 这座岛近些年的遭遇则是截然 不同的故事。 悲剧从人类 1810 年来到这座 岛屿开始。 他们不经意间随船带来了大鼠 和小鼠 。 这些小动物很快就占领了岛屿 ， 它们吃鸟蛋并攻击幼鸟。 为控制鼠患， 人 们带来了猫， 但不幸的是， 猫随后也开始 以鸟为食。 与此同时， 人们把兔子引进岛上作为食 物。 由于在岛上放任其生存， 兔子做了自己 61 高中英语选择性必修 第二册 （外研版） 精编版 学 最擅长的事——飞快地繁殖， 它们开始吃当 地植被并挖洞， 造成了土壤侵蚀。 爆炸式增 长的兔子数量给猫提供了充足的食物， 这意 味着猫的数量也增加了， 相应地就有更多猫 捕食鸟类。 最终结果是， 曾经数量众多的当 地物种长尾小鹦鹉在 1891 年灭绝。 即使在 20 世纪 70 年代麦夸里岛成为官 方自然保护区后， 兔子仍然不受控制。 专 家认为， 必须想办法清除岛上所有的兔子。 怀着这个目标， 人们投放了一种病毒到岛 上 。 然而 ， 虽然病毒使得兔子的数量从 130000 只降到约 10000 只， 但这也意味着 猫的食物变少了。 因此， 猫把注意力和胃 口重新转向了当地鸟类 ， 每年捕食多达 60000 只。 20 世纪 80 年代， 人们利用捕猎 夹和狗来抓猫。 2000 年， 麦夸里岛上的最 后一只猫被抓。 但正如俗语所说， “山中无老虎， 猴子 称大王”。 猫从岛上消失了， 小鼠和大鼠的 数量便开始增加。 还记得那 10000 只左右的 兔子吗？ 它们最终对病毒产生了免疫， 数量 又一次激增。 随后， 在 2006 年， 兔子挖的 洞造成一些土地坍塌， 导致大量企鹅死亡。 这一事件清楚地表明， 大鼠、 小鼠和兔子泛 滥的问题需要一次彻底的解决。 所以， 正是为了解决这个问题， 我来到 麦夸里岛上参与此项行动。 行动的第一步利 用直升机向岛上投放毒药。 下步是清除最后 残存的入侵物种， 这就是我的工作了——和 我的狗一起。 这些狗受训去寻找剩下的每一 只老鼠和兔子同时又不伤害当地动物。 这次 干预行动是这场悲剧漫长而屡被贻误的大结 局， 但这是我们人类应该做的， 我们亏欠这 座岛屿一个美好的结局。 附言： 2014 年麦夸里岛正式宣布已无 有害生物， 岛上的生态环境终于走上了恢复 之路。 62 高中英语选择性必修 第二册 （外研版） 精编版 SectionⅠ Startingout 精听练习 1. types 2. ecosystem 3. successful 4. sounds 5. fill 6. everywhere 7. non鄄 living 8. ecosystem 9. three quarters 10. successful 11. puzzle 12. depend 13. extinct 14. manage 15. careful 16. together 重点知识 affected SectionⅡ Understanding ideas 文脉梳理 CFEADB 品鉴语言 1. contrast dramatically 2. existed in perfect harmony with 3. unknowingly brought 4. took over the island 5. developed an appetite for the birds 6. a source of food 7. digging holes 8. exploding rabbit population 9. in turn 10. died out 11. an official nature reserve 12. out of control 13. come up with a plan 14. With this goal in mind 15. in consequence 16. as the saying goes 17. they developed an immunity to the virus 18. needed solving once and for all 19. remove the last remaining in鄄 vading species 20. owe it to the island to give it a happy ending 重点知识 1. ①why/the reason why you failed to achieve your goal ②failed in chemistry 2. it ； to clean 3. ①developed an interest ②has developed the habit of reading ③have developed an immunity SectionⅢ Usinglanguage 重点语法 ① I consider it no good playing computer games. ② I think it unpractical to expect the task to be finished in a week. ③ I owe it to you that I can make such a great achievement. ④The Internet makes it convenient for us to communicate with each other. 话题词块 1. Producers 2. absorbing light 3. Primary con鄄 Unit5 Adelicateworld pressions 9. over the last few decades 10. the words we use 11. in a large Asian supermarket 12. how to use chopsticks 13. go abroad to enjoy food 14. it isn蒺t a surprise 15 . not unusual 16 . connecting people 17. smaller and smaller 18. a global village SectionⅣ Developingideas 文脉梳理 1. The setting of the address is on 19 November 1863 ， in a field in Gettysburg ， Pennsylvania. The back鄄 ground of the address is the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863 ， which resulted in over 50,000 casualties. 2. It was a new nation conceived in Liberty and dedi鄄 cated to the proposition that all men are created equal./It aimed at bringing freedom to the people and was based on the principle that all men are created equal. 3. It would test whether a nation conceived in Liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal can long endure. 4. They gave their lives so that their nation might live. They were brave men whose struggles had consecrated the ground. 5. That this nation shall have a new birth of freedom ； and that this government of the people ， by the people ， for the people ， shall not perish from the earth. 6. The living should be dedicated to the task. 重点知识 1. ① 增加 ② 爬上 ③ 骑上 ④ 组织 ⑤ 山 2. ① It is really my honour to stand here to deliver an address. ② when he addressed me in fluent English 3. ① 部门 ② 除法 ③ 分配 ④ 分歧 SectionⅤ Presentingideas 例文鉴赏 Who the person is ： Edgar Snow ， an American jour鄄 nalist. What boundary he has broken ： He broke the ideolo鄄 gical boundaries. How he achieved this ： He spent time with... ， listened to their stories...and conducted interviews with... Comments on him ： He had special insight and bra鄄 very... 68