内容正文:
高中英语选择性必修 第一册 (外研版) 精编版
学
文 脉 梳 理
The Secret Language of Plants
的语篇类
型为说明文, 文章具体介绍了自然界中不同
植物之间的交流方法, 帮助学生通过了解神
奇的自然增长知识, 进一步产生对自然的好
奇心。 文章主要通过三个方面介绍植物之间
是如何交流的: 通过释放化学物质、 通过利
用声音以及通过植物间的特殊的万维网。
结合文章内容, 回答以下问题。
1. What do the plants use to communicate with
each other according to the text?
2. What can a bean plant do when it is attacked
by insects?
3. Why do we have so many legends and stories
about talking trees?
4. What蒺s the most surprising thing for plants?
5. How can a chilli plant tell if its neighbouring
plants are helpful?
6. Why
“
wood wide web
”
is similar to the
Internet we use?
重 点 知 识
1. detect v.
发现, 察觉 (尤指不易察觉到的
事物)
The dentist could detect no decay in her teeth.
牙科医生检查了她的牙, 没有发现龋齿。
The tests are designed to detect the disease
early.
这些检查旨在早期查出疾病。
Section Ⅳ Developing ideas
学习目标 读懂课文, 准确把握课文结构, 厘清观察日志的写作脉络。
必备
知识
单词
myth legend detect pesticide root link
短语
communicate with be said to it appears that... drive away get attacked be similar to
be linked by
关键能力 读
68
Unit 5 Revealing nature
学
拓展:
detect sb. in doing sth.
发现某人正在
做某事 (坏事)
detective n.
侦探
detection n.
侦查, 发现, 发觉
誅
牛刀小试
①He was detected in
(
cheat
)
in the
exam.
②The
(
detect
)
was trying to winkle
information out of her.
③Last year the
(
detect
)
rate for car
theft was just 13%.
2. link v./n.
(
1
)
v.
把……连接起来; 联系
短语:
be linked with/to...
同……联系起来,
连接起来; 与……有关
link up
(
with sb./sth.
) (与某人
/
某物) 连接
起来, 联系起来
A long bridge links Venice and the mainland.
一座长桥把威尼斯和大陆连接了起来。
Yellow is linked with confidence, self鄄respect
and friendliness.
黄色与自信、 自尊和友好相关。
(
2
)
n.
联系, 关系, 纽带
Is there a link between smoking and lung
disease?
吸烟和肺病之间有联系吗?
誅
牛刀小试
①I can hardly link the small animal
the accident.
②The two spacecraft will one another
in orbit.
③The two cities by a railway.
文 化 趣 谈
木薯根部会向土壤中释放出一系列液态
和气态的氰化物, 邻近的花生感知到这些物
质, 会相应释放出气态分子乙烯。 在乙烯影
响下, 花生植株会主动缩减地上部分的繁茂
程度, 优先保证果实的养分供给。 同时, 乙
烯还能作为 “召集信号”, 聚集土壤中的有
益微生物到花生根部, 提高氮、 磷等有效养
分的吸收率, 以进一步提高花生果实的饱满
程度和产量。
参 考 译 文
植物密语
会说话的植物一直是神话传说中的一大
元素。 在许多种文化中流传下来的故事里,
会说话的树给予人们忠告和警示。 据说亚历
山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过一棵会
说话的树。 在一些现代故事——例如电影
《阿凡达》 ——中, 树可以与人类和动物沟
通交流。
我们一直认为会说话的植物只存在于幻
想之中, 但最新研究有了令人惊奇的发现:
植物间似乎确实可以交流。
人们早就知道植物可以利用化学物质进
行交流。 当一株植物——比如豆科植物——
被昆虫袭击时, 就会发生这种情况。 正遭受
啃食的叶子会释放出微量的化学物质, 这像
是警示, 抑或求救: “我被攻击了
!
” 当另
一株豆类植物察觉到附近受伤同伴释放的化
学物质时, 它自身便开始释放不同的化学物
质, 其中一些能驱赶昆虫, 而另一些则会吸
引另一种昆虫——黄蜂
!
黄蜂会杀死那些啃
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高中英语选择性必修 第一册 (外研版) 精编版
学
食豆类植物的昆虫。 科学家希望能进一步了
解这种植物警报系统, 从而将其应用于不用
使用农药的农作物的种植。
更不可思议的是, 植物也能用声音交
流。 虽然人类听不到, 但植物确实正在发出
声音。 有些植物通过根部发出声响, 比如玉
米和辣椒。 它们还能 “听见” 其他植物发出
的声响。 由此, 辣椒可以知道自己附近的植
物是敌是友。 还有些树木在水分不足时会发
出咔嗒声, 以示干旱就要来了。
然而最令人惊奇的是, 植物拥有一套神
奇的信息交流系统, 几乎可以连接起森林中
所有的植物。 科学家们称之为 “植物万维
网”。 在某种程度上, 它很像人类使用的互
联网。 互联网是通过电缆和卫星连接的全球
计算机网络, 而植物万维网则是在地下通过
真菌连接而成的。 这个真菌网络将不同植物
的根彼此连接, 通过它, 植物可以互相分享
信息甚至是食物。 比如, 某些松树会通过真
菌网络向松树幼苗输送养分, 帮助它们生
长。 但是, 像互联网一样, 植物万维网也会
发生 “网络犯罪”。 植物会偷取同伴的养分,
或散播有毒物质攻击其他植物。 也许未来某
一天, 科学家会研究出建造 “防火墙” 的方
法来阻止植物万维网中的这些攻击。
科学家们每天都在增进对植物间相互沟
通的秘密方式的了解。 谁知道呢? 说不定哪
一天, 我们就能足够了解植物沟通的知识,
从而亲自和植物 “聊天” 了。
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Unit 5 Revealing nature
学
例 文 鉴 赏
完成
Activity 5
中的三个问题, 提炼概
述水仙花的栽培方式、 生长环境以及开放状
态和样子。
参 考 范 文
对照
Activity 6,
根据提供的内容和结构
框架, 进行知识和思维能力的迁移, 能够掌
握完成关于某种植物的生长过程的描写。
An Observational Journal
about the Sunflower
1 June
Covered with 1
—
2 cm of moist soil, the
sunflower seed takes a few days to come up
after being planted. Water has been added
regularly and the hard seed coat softens in the
damp soil to allow the first root to pierce
downwards and the first leaves to push to the
soil surface.
6 July
The root continues to grow downwards.
The single stem grows hollow and smooth,
revealing large spade鄄shaped leaves from the
growing tip. Gradually, the plant蒺s growing tip
reveals the first hints of development of the
flower bud. The plant stem becomes more
woody.
26 July
About three weeks after the flower bud
first becomes visible at the tip of the
sunflower stem, it enlarges and begins to
reveal a flattened disc. Over the course of one
week, the yellow ray florets, the disc florets
bloom across the core of the sunflower
blossom. It is yellow, looking beautiful.
Section Ⅴ Presenting ideas
学习目标
1.
了解水仙花的生长过程, 梳理日志中的主要信息。
2.
能够掌握并恰当地使用本单元所学, 学会记录和描述植物的生长过程。
必备
知识
单词
centimetre prevent contain
短语
as time goes on grow into come out
关键能力 写
Way to plant
Living environment
The appearance
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参 考 答 案
Unit 6 Nurturing nature
Section Ⅰ Starting out
精听练习
1. future generations 2. maintained 3. cultural or
natural 4. agreement 5. cultural 6. natural 7. mixed
8. more than eight hundred 9. its pyramids 10. puzzling
sculpture 11. lion 12. man 13. the Seven Wonders
14. existence 15. natural beauty 16. habitats for endan鄄
gered species 17. less than one percent 18. unfrozen
fresh water 19. many unusual life forms 20. great scien鄄
tific 21. over thirty 22. sources of inspiration 23. hu鄄
man activity 24. climate change 25. awareness 26.
appreciation 27. protect them 28. pass them on
重点知识
1. ①profits ②from/by ③fell in profit
2. ①distance ②in ③at
3. ①of ②taking ③suspect the truth of
4. ①to select ②in
Section Ⅲ Using language
重点语法
①had known ②hadn蒺t told ③had lived ④had
gone ⑤was; had already learnt
重点知识
1. ①for; on ②to blame
2. ①on ②by
话题词块
1. The largest animal species so far found on our pla鄄
net is the blue whale, which can grow up to almost 30 me鄄
tres in length and weigh over 130,000 kilos.
2. The toughest species is probably the water bear.
This tiny organism can survive temperatures from 150 ℃ to
a below freezing -272 ℃.
3. The Giant Tortoise Reserve on Santa Cruz is home
to several species of giant tortoise.
4. Mangroves are one of the coastal plants which serve
as the habitats for various birds and fish.
5. Iguanas can be found on San Cristóbal. They have
developed from more primitive ones and share a common
appearance.
精听练习
1. teens 2. biodiversity 3. three and a half billion
4. microscope 5. cell 6. bricks 7. consist of 8. single鄄
celled microorganisms 9. average 10. thirty trillion 11.
around thirty鄄nine trillion 12. turn 13. digestion 14. the
food production process 15. your waste 16. other orga鄄
nisms 17. break down 18. soil 19. diseases
Section Ⅳ Developing ideas
文脉梳理
1. They use their chemicals to communicate with each
other.
2. It releases chemical to drive the insects away.
3. Many cultures have stories of talking trees that give
advice as well as warning to people.
4. They can link nearly every plant in a forest.
5. By sounds.
6. Because it is linked together.
重点知识
1. ①cheating ②detective ③detection
2. ①with/to ②link up with ③will be linked
Section Ⅴ Presenting ideas
例文鉴赏
Way to plant
1. covered with 1
—
2 cm of moist soil
2. water regularly 3. soften the hard seed
coat in the damp soil
Living environ鄄
ment
The single stem grows hollow and smooth,
revealing large spade鄄shaped leaves from
the growing tip.
The appearance
1. Three weeks after first becomes visi鄄
ble, it enlarges and begins to reveal.
2. Then the yellow ray florets and the
disc florets bloom.
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