精品解析：安徽省绩溪中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题

安徽省绩溪中学2024-2025学年第一学期 高二第一次段考英语试题 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman usually use the bigger car for? A. Holidays. B. Work. C. Shopping. 2. What will the speakers probably do on Saturday? A. Borrow books. B. Attend a book sale. C. Visit a children’s park. 3 What is probably the woman’s hobby? A. Dancing. B. Taking pictures. C. Growing house plants. 4. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Prepare for the presentation. B. Work late into the night. C. Get enough sleep. 5. What has the woman greatly improved according to the man? A. Her use of words. B. Her handwriting. C. Her story ideas. 第二节 (共15 小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Why does the woman want to replace the kitchen window? A. It’s old. B. It’s broken. C. It’s out of style. 7. When will the new window probably be fitted and ready? A. By noon. B. By mid- afternoon. C. By evening. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In a hotel. C. In a national park. 9. How long will the speakers stay in the Everglades? A. 2days. B. 10 days. C. 12 days. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What does the man think of the job suggested by the woman? A. It doesn’t fit him. B. It is dangerous. C. It is well- paid. 11. What does the man want to be? A. An accountant. B. A fisherman. C. A doctor. 12. Why does the man consider doing a summer job? A. To support the village tradition. B. To earn money for school. C. To pass the time. 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Working on fishing boats. B. Considering a college major. C. Applying for a work- study program. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What made the woman worried about moving as a child? A. Making new friends. B. Leaving her parents. C. Packing up things. 15. What amazed the woman about her father? A. His super strength. B. His cooking skills. C. His talent for voices. 16. What will the woman probably do tonight? A. Listen to a story. B. Ask her father to dance. C. Cook dinner for her parents. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18 What does the Film Club do weekly? A. Make films. B. Promote new films. C. Talk about films. 19. Who funds the Film Club’s film- making equipment? A. The Film Club members. B. The National Film Society. C. The International Film Festival’s organizers. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To get film funding. B. To teach film- making techniques. C. To encourage new students to join a club. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When it comes to choosing where to go for a vacation, what we’re going to eat and drink can be a big part of making travel plans. Of course, it’s subjective according to personal tastes, but this is TV Travel’s take on some of the best food cultures and destinations around the world. So, as you dream about where you’ll go next, which top 10 cuisines rule? American Food Many of the popular foods in the USA originate in some other cuisine. The pizza slice is Italian. Fries are Belgian or Dutch. Hamburgers and frankfurters? Likely German. But in the kitchens of the United States, they have been improved and added to-becoming global icons for food lovers everywhere. Chinese Food The people who greet each other with “Have you eaten yet?” are arguably the most food-obsessed in the world. But the Chinese don’t just cook and sell anything; they also make it taste great. China’s regional cuisines are so different and it’s hard to believe they’re from the same nation. It’s not a food culture you can easily summarize except to say you’ll certainly want to taste. French Food If you’re one of those people who don’t like to eat because “there’s more to life than food,” then visit Paris. It’s a city known for its picky consumers, but they all believe in the importance of good food. Two-hour lunch breaks for three-course meals are common. Italian Food Italian food has been popular around the world for centuries, with its tasty tomato sauces, those clever things they do with wheat flour and desserts that are basically vehicles for cream. It’s all so simple. Get some noodles, get some olive oil, and get some garlic, maybe a tomato or a slice of bacon. Bam! You have a party on a plate. And it is all so easy to cook and eat. From the cheesy risottos to the crisp fried meats, Italian cuisine is a collection of crowd-pleasing comfort food. Many people have welcomed it into their homes, especially green hand cooks. There lies the real genius-Italian food has become everyman’s food. 1. Which food mainly comes from other cultures? A. American food B. Chinese Food C. French Food D. Italian Food 2. In which country are the foods very different from each other? A. In USA B. In China C. In France D. In Italy 3. Who likes Italian food best? A. Housewives B. Chefs C. Foreigners D. New cooks B Traditionally, China’s astronauts are selected from among fighter plane pilots with enough flying experience, as they can control the machinery and have the training to stay calm in space. Yet among the three astronaut s aboard Shenzhou XVI, which is taking them to Tiangong, China’s space station, is Gui Haichao, a professor from Beihang University. He is the first civilian that China has sent into space, and will conduct space science experiments, collect and analyze data and maintain the lab devices on the space station. That’s good news for the nation’s space science, as he will be more professional in carrying out research experiments on the space station. It is also good news for China’s astronautics sector, as it shows that the nation is confident enough to send persons other than military pilots into space. It means that the level for traveling into space is being lowered, offering hope that one day ordinary people will be able to buy a ticket for a trip into space. Besides Gui, there is also Zhu Yangzhu, a space flight engineer from China’s astronaut team, who will serve as a profession al rather than a pilot. Zhu’s teaching experience in college, similar to that of Gui, is also evidence of Chinese astronauts’ educational background being raised. Twenty years after Shenzhou V took China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei out of the Earth’s atmosphere, China already has a full team of astronauts ready to further our understanding of the cosmos(宇宙). Mission commander Jing Haipeng is on his fourth trip into space, making him the Chinese astronaut with the richest experience in space travel. In the 15 years between his first mission and this one, China has progressed from sending astronauts into space to supporting their stay for half a year on its newly constructed space station. 4. What do we know about Gui Haichao? A. He is selected from fighter plane pilots. B. He is on board Shenzhou XV. C. He is the first Chinese into space. D. He is a college professor. 5. What is special about Shenzhou XVI? A. It can carry out space science experiments. B. It will fly to Tiankong. C. It has the first Chinese civilian. D. It will stay in space for half a year. 6. What can be inferred from the text? A. Only people from the army in China can fly into space. B. More common Chinese will fly into space in the future. C. The commander of Shenzhou XVI is Yang Liwei. D. There’s only one college professor on Shenzhou XVI. 7. What does this passage mainly focus on? A. It mainly focuses on Chinese space pilots. B. It mainly focuses on Shenzhou XVI and its astronauts. C. It mainly focuses on Chinese space research. D. It mainly focuses on Shenzhou V and its research. C When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 8. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 9. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 10. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 11. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. D Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a “vocabulary” of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges. Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member. “That’s what’s so amazing about chimp gestures,” she said. “They’re the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.” Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal’s call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said. Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling: “Climb on me.” The youngster immediately jumps on to its mothers back and they travel off together. “The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there. that is meaningful in its communication, so that’s not unique to humans,” said Dr Hobaiter. Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing”. “The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animal convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains. ” 12. What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter? A. Memorizing specific words. B. Understanding complex information. C. Using voices to communicate. D. Communicating messages on purpose. 13. What did Dr Shultz think of the study? A. It was well designed but poorly conducted. B. It was a good try but the findings were limited. C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable. D. It was a failure but the methods deserved praise. 14. What does the underlined word “gulf” in the last paragraph mean? A. Difference. B. Conflict. C. Balance. D. Connection. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough B. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills C. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdom D Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Letting Go of What Holds You Back The truth is, we all only have a limited amount of time and energy each day. ___16___ Does that sound familiar? We’ve all been there — feeling overwhelmed, as if carrying a heavy load on our backs. Whether it’s physical stuff in your living space or metaphorical (比喻的) trash in life, it’s time for a spring cleaning. ___17___ To do one thing well, you must have the concentration and go all out. Once Warren Buffet famously said,“ Really successful people say no to almost everything.” He accumulated wealth by focusing laser- like on one thing — investing, and excelled in it by declining every other shiny distraction that crossed his path. Reflecting on our life, we’ve unconsciously collected mental and emotional “junk”. Maybe it’s excessive TV watching, continuous gaming, tiring friendships, aimless social media consumption. Honestly, I’ll bet we could all name at least one TV show we’ve been absorbed in out of boredom instead of doing something productive. So the first step is taking stock of exactly what’s weighing you down each day. Then it’s time to start de-junking, but go slow. ___18___ Try dumping one thing per week so it’s manageable. Another sneaky trick is to replace bad habits with good alternatives like switching from endless browsing on social media to learning a new skill instead. ___19___ Once the unnecessary weight is lifted off, you will have so much extra mental space and energy. ___20___ So say bye-bye to all the things holding you back and watch your success skyrocket as a result. Your future self will thank you. A. Detail the time you spend on activities each week. B. As a saying goes, jack (千斤顶) of all trades, master of none. C. Throwing everything out at once will just leave you stressed out. D. Or put away your phone while working, so you’ re not distracted. E. When it comes to letting go of trouble causers, you have many alternatives. F. Suddenly barriers seem not so tough when you’ re not battling ten things at once. G. If we shoulder more than we can, we’ll end up exhausted and going nowhere. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Music can make us happy, peaceful or sad. As an orchestra(管弦乐队) conductor, Amy Anderson brings music to life, allowing people experience many ______21______ that music can give. Anderson fell in love with music when she was a child. She began playing the piano at seven and started composing at nine. She bought many videos ______22______ by the world’s great orchestras and conductors and listened to them for hours on end. During a concert, the audience see the ______23______ of a conductor and the arm movements he or she makes. What audiences do not see is all the work the conductor has done before the ______24______. Months before a concert, Anderson studies the music by ______25______ it on the piano. She listens to recordings, reads about the composer’s life, and reviews historical events that would have influenced the composer. Her goal is to recreate the music as the composer ______26______. While conducting, Anderson uses her whole body to ______27______ how the music should sound and feel. Her ______28______ are dramatic(激动人心的) when the music is ______29______ and gentle when the music is peaceful. To help young musicians better ______30______ how to play the music, Anderson might tell them to imagine a ______31______ and leisurely walk or a ship being tossed(颠簸) by waves. “It is music’s ability to reach people that I value most,” said Anderson. She has seen audiences at her concerts ______32______, clap together in rhythm, and shout “Bravo!” ______33______, audiences are moved to tears. After one concert in Serbia, audiences ______34______ around the orchestra’s buses and cheered for the young musicians as they climbed aboard. Anderson is happy, knowing that she and the musicians have changed lives for the better, ______35______ spirits and brought joy to people. 21. A. thoughts B. changes C. feelings D. characters 22. A. caught B. directed C. invented D. recorded 23. A. shadow B. back C. chest D. nose 24. A. task B. game C. schedule D. performance 25. A. playing B. repeating C. making D. beating 26. A. recommended B. encouraged C. expected D. intended 27. A. judge B. express C. prove D. explain 28 A. movements B. voices C. gestures D. manners 29. A. quiet B. sad C. energetic D. magical 30. A. plan B. understand C. decide D. respond 31. A. calm B. violent C. short D. sensitive 32. A. touch B. escape C. applaud D. nod 33. A. Regularly B. Hopefully C. Fortunately D. Hardly 34. A. collected B. approached C. surrounded D. gathered 35. A. took up B. tuned up C. lifted up D. gave up 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Vincent van Gogh was one of the most gifted artists of his generation. He began working in ___36___ art gallery when he was 16 years old. However, it was not until more than a decade later that he started to ___37___ (serious) consider being an artist himself. In 1880, he took up painting, from which he ___38___ (draw) much comfort. As he began to display a talent ___39___ painting, he realized that art was his true calling. He ___40___ (impress) by the artworks of the master painter Rembrandt when he laid eyes on them. In 1886, he moved to Paris to live with his brother, ___41___ introduced him to some Impressionist artists. He began to form his own style, ___42___ (employ) thick, unmixed paint. This resulted in vivid colours, similar to ___43___ in the Impressionist paintings. However, Van Gogh’s ___44___ (work) had strong lines, as opposed to the softer edges of Impressionism. He made friends with Paul Gauguin and they became ____45____ (know) as Post-Impressionists. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国好友Jack了解到你在十一假期出去旅游，给你写邮件想知道你的旅途感受，请你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 讲述你的旅途所见及所想； 2. 邀请他有机会到中国旅游。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：国庆假期The National Day Holiday Dear Jack, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 (满分25) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was terribly cold and nearly dark on the last evening of the old year, and the snow was falling down. In the cold and the darkness, a poor boy was selling goods door to door. He wanted to make some money to pay for his school in the coming new term. He was walking helplessly on the road when he found that he had only one dime (一角钱) left. He was hungry so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house. Lights were shining from every window. Every house must have a family getting together to enjoy a big dinner happily. He was afraid that he would disturb their warm moment. But he was extremely hungry. With his heart beating fast, he slowly put his hand on the door. It was the first time that he had begged for something. He lost his courage when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal, he just asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him some milk and bread. He swallowed them down in a flash, and then asked, “How much do I have to pay you?” “You don’t need to give me anything,” she replied. “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” He said, “Thank you, and I will never forget about your kindness.” As Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt stronger physically, but it also increased his faith in life. No one knew that he was about to give up and quit before this point. Years later, the woman became seriously ill. The local doctors could not figure out a proper treatment. They had no option but to send her to the big city, where specialists could be called in to study her rare disease. Dr. Howard Kelly, now a famous expert in this field, was having an urgent meeting with his colleagues in the consultation room (咨询室), listening carefully to the report of her condition. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: She didn’t know Dr. Kelly had paid her bill in hospital and this morning an envelope with the bill and a note came to her. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 安徽省绩溪中学2024-2025学年第一学期 高二第一次段考英语试题 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman usually use the bigger car for? A. Holidays. B. Work. C. Shopping. 2. What will the speakers probably do on Saturday? A. Borrow books. B. Attend a book sale. C. Visit a children’s park. 3. What is probably the woman’s hobby? A. Dancing. B. Taking pictures. C. Growing house plants. 4. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Prepare for the presentation. B. Work late into the night. C. Get enough sleep. 5. What has the woman greatly improved according to the man? A. Her use of words. B. Her handwriting. C. Her story ideas. 第二节 (共15 小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Why does the woman want to replace the kitchen window? A. It’s old. B. It’s broken. C. It’s out of style. 7. When will the new window probably be fitted and ready? A By noon. B. By mid- afternoon. C. By evening. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In a hotel. C. In a national park. 9. How long will the speakers stay in the Everglades? A. 2days. B. 10 days. C. 12 days. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. What does the man think of the job suggested by the woman? A. It doesn’t fit him. B. It is dangerous. C. It is well- paid. 11. What does the man want to be? A. An accountant. B. A fisherman. C. A doctor. 12. Why does the man consider doing a summer job? A. To support the village tradition. B. To earn money for school. C. To pass the time. 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Working on fishing boats. B. Considering a college major. C. Applying for a work- study program. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. What made the woman worried about moving as a child? A. Making new friends. B. Leaving her parents. C. Packing up things. 15. What amazed the woman about her father? A. His super strength. B. His cooking skills. C. His talent for voices. 16. What will the woman probably do tonight? A. Listen to a story. B. Ask her father to dance. C. Cook dinner for her parents. 17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What does the Film Club do weekly? A. Make films. B. Promote new films. C. Talk about films. 19. Who funds the Film Club’s film- making equipment? A. The Film Club members. B. The National Film Society. C. The International Film Festival’s organizers. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To get film funding. B. To teach film- making techniques. C. To encourage new students to join a club. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When it comes to choosing where to go for a vacation, what we’re going to eat and drink can be a big part of making travel plans. Of course, it’s subjective according to personal tastes, but this is TV Travel’s take on some of the best food cultures and destinations around the world. So, as you dream about where you’ll go next, which top 10 cuisines rule? American Food Many of the popular foods in the USA originate in some other cuisine. The pizza slice is Italian. Fries are Belgian or Dutch. Hamburgers and frankfurters? Likely German. But in the kitchens of the United States, they have been improved and added to-becoming global icons for food lovers everywhere. Chinese Food The people who greet each other with “Have you eaten yet?” are arguably the most food-obsessed in the world. But the Chinese don’t just cook and sell anything; they also make it taste great. China’s regional cuisines are so different and it’s hard to believe they’re from the same nation. It’s not a food culture you can easily summarize except to say you’ll certainly want to taste. French Food If you’re one of those people who don’t like to eat because “there’s more to life than food,” then visit Paris. It’s a city known for its picky consumers, but they all believe in the importance of good food. Two-hour lunch breaks for three-course meals are common. Italian Food Italian food has been popular around the world for centuries, with its tasty tomato sauces, those clever things they do with wheat flour and desserts that are basically vehicles for cream. It’s all so simple. Get some noodles, get some olive oil, and get some garlic, maybe a tomato or a slice of bacon. Bam! You have a party on a plate. And it is all so easy to cook and eat. From the cheesy risottos to the crisp fried meats, Italian cuisine is a collection of crowd-pleasing comfort food. Many people have welcomed it into their homes, especially green hand cooks. There lies the real genius-Italian food has become everyman’s food. 1. Which food mainly comes from other cultures? A. American food B. Chinese Food C. French Food D. Italian Food 2. In which country are the foods very different from each other? A. In USA B. In China C. In France D. In Italy 3. Who likes Italian food best? A. Housewives B. Chefs C. Foreigners D. New cooks 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了我们在度假时需要考虑饮食问题，并且介绍了几种美食。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章“American Food”部分中的“Many of the popular foods in the USA originate in some other cuisine. The pizza slice is Italian. Fries are Belgian or Dutch. Hamburgers and frankfurters? Likely German. But in the kitchens of the United States, they have been improved and added to-becoming global icons for food lovers everywhere.(在美国，许多受欢迎的食物起源于其他一些烹饪方法。披萨片是意大利的。薯条是比利时的或荷兰的。汉堡和法兰克福香肠？可能德国。但在美国的厨房里，它们得到了改进和添加，成为全球各地美食爱好者的标志。)”可知，美国食物大多来自其他文化。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Chinese Food”部分中的“China’s regional cuisines are so different and it’s hard to believe they’re from the same nation. It’s not a food culture you can easily summarize except to say you’ll certainly want to taste.(中国的地方菜系如此不同，很难相信它们来自同一个国家。这不是一种你可以轻易总结的饮食文化，除了说你肯定想尝尝。)”可知，在中国，菜系非常不同，很难让人相信这些菜系是来自同一个国家。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Italian Food”部分中的最后一段“Many people have welcomed it into their homes, especially green hand cooks.(许多人都欢迎它进入他们的家庭，尤其是新手厨师。)”可知，意大利菜最受新手厨师的欢迎。故选D。 B Traditionally, China’s astronauts are selected from among fighter plane pilots with enough flying experience, as they can control the machinery and have the training to stay calm in space. Yet among the three astronaut s aboard Shenzhou XVI, which is taking them to Tiangong, China’s space station, is Gui Haichao, a professor from Beihang University. He is the first civilian that China has sent into space, and will conduct space science experiments, collect and analyze data and maintain the lab devices on the space station. That’s good news for the nation’s space science, as he will be more professional in carrying out research experiments on the space station. It is also good news for China’s astronautics sector, as it shows that the nation is confident enough to send persons other than military pilots into space. It means that the level for traveling into space is being lowered, offering hope that one day ordinary people will be able to buy a ticket for a trip into space. Besides Gui, there is also Zhu Yangzhu, a space flight engineer from China’s astronaut team, who will serve as a profession al rather than a pilot. Zhu’s teaching experience in college, similar to that of Gui, is also evidence of Chinese astronauts’ educational background being raised. Twenty years after Shenzhou V took China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei out of the Earth’s atmosphere, China already has a full team of astronauts ready to further our understanding of the cosmos(宇宙). Mission commander Jing Haipeng is on his fourth trip into space, making him the Chinese astronaut with the richest experience in space travel. In the 15 years between his first mission and this one, China has progressed from sending astronauts into space to supporting their stay for half a year on its newly constructed space station. 4. What do we know about Gui Haichao? A. He is selected from fighter plane pilots. B. He is on board Shenzhou XV. C. He is the first Chinese into space. D. He is a college professor. 5. What is special about Shenzhou XVI? A. It can carry out space science experiments. B. It will fly to Tiankong. C. It has the first Chinese civilian. D. It will stay in space for half a year. 6. What can be inferred from the text? A. Only people from the army in China can fly into space. B. More common Chinese will fly into space in the future. C. The commander of Shenzhou XVI is Yang Liwei. D. There’s only one college professor on Shenzhou XVI. 7. What does this passage mainly focus on? A. It mainly focuses on Chinese space pilots. B. It mainly focuses on Shenzhou XVI and its astronauts. C. It mainly focuses on Chinese space research. D. It mainly focuses on Shenzhou V and its research. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了神舟十六号上的三名宇航员中，除了中国太空旅行经验最丰富的宇航员景海鹏，还有来自北京航空航天大学的教授桂海潮和来自中国航天员队的太空飞行工程师朱杨柱，表明航天领域对军事飞行员以外的人开放。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Yet among the three astronaut s aboard Shenzhou XVI, which is taking them to Tiangong, China’s space station, is Gui Haichao, a professor from Beihang University.（然而，在神舟十六号上的三名宇航员中，有一位是来自北京航空航天大学的教授桂海潮。）”可知，桂海潮是一个大学教授。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“He is the first civilian that China has sent into space, and will conduct space science experiments, collect and analyze data and maintain the lab devices on the space station.（他是中国第一个进入太空的平民，将进行空间科学实验，收集和分析数据，并维护空间站上的实验室设备。）”可知，神舟十六号的特别之处是它上面乘坐着第一个中国平民。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“It is also good news for China’s astronautics sector, as it shows that the nation is confident enough to send persons other than military pilots into space. It means that the level for traveling into space is being lowered, offering hope that one day ordinary people will be able to buy a ticket for a trip into space.（这对中国航天部门来说也是个好消息，因为这表明中国有足够的信心将军事飞行员以外的人送入太空。这意味着进入太空旅行的水平正在降低，有一天普通人也能买到太空旅行的票，这给人们带来了希望。）”可知，将来会有更多的普通中国人飞上太空。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Yet among the three astronaut s aboard Shenzhou XVI, which is taking them to Tiangong, China’s space station, is Gui Haichao, a professor from Beihang University. He is the first civilian that China has sent into space, and will conduct space science experiments, collect and analyze data and maintain the lab devices on the space station.（然而，在神舟十六号上的三名宇航员中，有一位是来自北京航空航天大学的教授桂海潮。神舟十六号将把他们带到中国的天宫空间站。他是中国第一个进入太空的平民，将进行空间科学实验，收集和分析数据，并维护空间站上的实验室设备。）”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了神舟十六号及其宇航员。故选B。 C When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 8. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 9. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 10. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 11. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。 【点睛】 D Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a “vocabulary” of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges. Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member. “That’s what’s so amazing about chimp gestures,” she said. “They’re the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.” Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal’s call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said. Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling: “Climb on me.” The youngster immediately jumps on to its mothers back and they travel off together. “The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there. that is meaningful in its communication, so that’s not unique to humans,” said Dr Hobaiter. Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing”. “The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animal convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains. ” 12. What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter? A. Memorizing specific words. B. Understanding complex information. C. Using voices to communicate. D. Communicating messages on purpose. 13. What did Dr Shultz think of the study? A. It was well designed but poorly conducted. B It was a good try but the findings were limited. C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable. D. It was a failure but the methods deserved praise. 14. What does the underlined word “gulf” in the last paragraph mean? A. Difference. B. Conflict. C. Balance. D. Connection. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough B. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills C. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdom D. Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们通过跟踪和拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群，翻译出了黑猩猩用来交流的手势含义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.(她说，只有人类和黑猩猩有一个交流系统，它们故意向其他成员发送信息)”可知，根据Dr Hobaiter，黑猩猩和人类的共同点在于故意传递信息。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were a little disappointing.(曼彻斯特大学的进化生物学家苏珊娜·舒尔茨博士说，这项研究是值得称赞的，它试图丰富我们对人类语言进化的知识。但是，她补充说，结果有点令人失望)”可知，这项研究是一个好的尝试，但是发现的结果是有限的。故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。首先根据第三段中的“They’re the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.(在这方面，它们是唯一看起来像人类语言的东西)”可知，黑猩猩的手势交流很像我们人类语言的交流方式。但是根据最后一段中的“Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communications.(此外，这些含义似乎并不超越其他动物通过非语言交流所传达的信息)”可知，黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和我们语言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“So, it seems the gulf remains.(所以，看来差异依然存在)”。由此可知，划线词gulf与difference意思接近。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees use to communicate.(研究人员表示，他们已经翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义)”以及文章对这方面的讨论可知，文章主要讲科学家们对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果。由此可知，D项Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated(黑猩猩语言：翻译出来的交流手势)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Letting Go of What Holds You Back The truth is, we all only have a limited amount of time and energy each day. ___16___ Does that sound familiar? We’ve all been there — feeling overwhelmed, as if carrying a heavy load on our backs. Whether it’s physical stuff in your living space or metaphorical (比喻的) trash in life, it’s time for a spring cleaning. ___17___ To do one thing well, you must have the concentration and go all out. Once Warren Buffet famously said,“ Really successful people say no to almost everything.” He accumulated wealth by focusing laser- like on one thing — investing, and excelled in it by declining every other shiny distraction that crossed his path. Reflecting on our life, we’ve unconsciously collected mental and emotional “junk”. Maybe it’s excessive TV watching, continuous gaming, tiring friendships, aimless social media consumption. Honestly, I’ll bet we could all name at least one TV show we’ve been absorbed in out of boredom instead of doing something productive. So the first step is taking stock of exactly what’s weighing you down each day. Then it’s time to start de-junking, but go slow. ___18___ Try dumping one thing per week so it’s manageable. Another sneaky trick is to replace bad habits with good alternatives, like switching from endless browsing on social media to learning a new skill instead. ___19___ Once the unnecessary weight is lifted off, you will have so much extra mental space and energy. ___20___ So say bye-bye to all the things holding you back and watch your success skyrocket as a result. Your future self will thank you. A. Detail the time you spend on activities each week. B. As a saying goes, jack (千斤顶) of all trades, master of none. C. Throwing everything out at once will just leave you stressed out. D. Or put away your phone while working, so you’ re not distracted. E. When it comes to letting go of trouble causers, you have many alternatives. F. Suddenly barriers seem not so tough when you’ re not battling ten things at once. G. If we shoulder more than we can, we’ll end up exhausted and going nowhere. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章建议我们应该摆脱生活中那些阻碍我们前进的东西，从而拥有更多的精力和空间去追求成功。 【16题详解】 上文“The truth is, we all only have a limited amount of time and energy each day.(事实上，我们每天的时间和精力都是有限的)”指出我们每天的时间和精力有限，G项“如果我们承担的超出了我们的能力范围，我们最终会精疲力竭，一事无成”承接上文，说明过度承担的后果，与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选G项。 【17题详解】 下文“To do one thing well, you must have the concentration and go all out.(要做好一件事，你必须集中精力全力以赴)”表达的要专注于一件事，B项“俗话说，样样通，样样松”意思是如果做的事情太多太杂，就无法精通，与下文的观点一致。故选B项。 【18题详解】 上文“Then it’s time to start de-junking, but go slow.(然后是时候开始清理垃圾了，但要慢慢来)”提出要开始清理，但要慢慢来，C项“一次性把所有东西都扔掉只会让你压力山大”解释了为什么要慢慢来，上下文语意一致。故选C项。 【19题详解】 上文“Another sneaky trick is to replace bad habits with good alternatives, like switching from endless browsing on social media to learning a new skill instead.(另一个不错的技巧是用好的习惯来取代坏习惯，比如从无休止地浏览社交媒体转向学习一项新技能)”举例说明了用好习惯替代坏习惯，D项“或者在工作时把手机收起来，这样你就不会分心”也是一个用好习惯替代坏习惯的例子，与上文构成并列关系。故选D项。 【20题详解】 上文“Once the unnecessary weight is lifted off, you will have so much extra mental space and energy.(一旦不必要的负担被卸下，你就会有更多额外的精神空间和精力)”提到摆脱不必要的负担后会有更多的精神空间和精力，F项“当你不再同时处理十件事情时，突然之间障碍似乎就不那么难克服了”进一步说明摆脱负担后的好处，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Music can make us happy, peaceful or sad. As an orchestra(管弦乐队) conductor, Amy Anderson brings music to life, allowing people experience many ______21______ that music can give. Anderson fell in love with music when she was a child. She began playing the piano at seven and started composing at nine. She bought many videos ______22______ by the world’s great orchestras and conductors and listened to them for hours on end. During a concert, the audience see the ______23______ of a conductor and the arm movements he or she makes. What audiences do not see is all the work the conductor has done before the ______24______. Months before a concert, Anderson studies the music by ______25______ it on the piano. She listens to recordings, reads about the composer’s life, and reviews historical events that would have influenced the composer. Her goal is to recreate the music as the composer ______26______. While conducting, Anderson uses her whole body to ______27______ how the music should sound and feel. Her ______28______ are dramatic(激动人心的) when the music is ______29______ and gentle when the music is peaceful. To help young musicians better ______30______ how to play the music, Anderson might tell them to imagine a ______31______ and leisurely walk or a ship being tossed(颠簸) by waves. “It is music’s ability to reach people that I value most” said Anderson. She has seen audiences at her concerts ______32______, clap together in rhythm, and shout “Bravo!” ______33______, audiences are moved to tears. After one concert in Serbia, audiences ______34______ around the orchestra’s buses and cheered for the young musicians as they climbed aboard. Anderson is happy, knowing that she and the musicians have changed lives for the better, ______35______ spirits and brought joy to people. 21. A. thoughts B. changes C. feelings D. characters 22. A. caught B. directed C. invented D. recorded 23. A. shadow B. back C. chest D. nose 24. A. task B. game C. schedule D. performance 25. A. playing B. repeating C. making D. beating 26. A. recommended B. encouraged C. expected D. intended 27. A. judge B. express C. prove D. explain 28. A. movements B. voices C. gestures D. manners 29. A. quiet B. sad C. energetic D. magical 30. A. plan B. understand C. decide D. respond 31. A. calm B. violent C. short D. sensitive 32. A. touch B. escape C. applaud D. nod 33. A. Regularly B. Hopefully C. Fortunately D. Hardly 34. A. collected B. approached C. surrounded D. gathered 35. A. took up B. tuned up C. lifted up D. gave up 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。艾米·安德森是乐队的指挥，她对音乐有独特的理解，在指挥时她经常将音乐表现得淋漓尽致，看到音乐能改变人的人生、升华人的精神、并给人们带来快乐，她很高兴。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名乐队指挥，艾米·安德森将音乐带入生活，让人们体验音乐所能给予的许多感受。A. thoughts想法；B. changes变化；C. feelings感受、感觉；D. characters特征，人物角色。根据上文“Music can make us feel happy, peaceful or sad.(音乐可以使我们感到快乐，平静或悲伤)”可知，音乐能使人感到开心，平和或悲伤，这些都是音乐带给人的感受，此处用feelings符合语境。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她买了许多世界上最伟大的管弦乐队和指挥家录制的录像带，一听就是几个小时。A. caught捕捉；B. directed指导；C. invented发明；D. recorded录音。根据“by the world’s great orchestras and conductors (许多世界上最伟大的管弦乐队和指挥家)”可知，videos 是由许多世界上最伟大的管弦乐队和指挥家录出来的，此处用recorded符合语境。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在音乐会上，观众可以看到指挥家的背影和他/她的手臂动作。A. shadow影子；B. back背；C. chest胸部、胸膛；D. nose鼻子。根据“of a conductor(指挥家的)”可知，音乐会上，指挥一般是背对着观众的，因此观众只能看到他的背部和手上的动作，此处用back符合语境。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：观众看不到的是指挥在演出前所做的所有工作。A. task任务；B. game游戏、比赛；C. schedule计划表、日程；D. performance表演。根据前面的“During a concert, the audience see the ______3______ of a conductor and the arm movements he or she makes.(在音乐会上，观众可以看到指挥家的背影和他/她的手臂动作)”以及前后逻辑可知，观众能看到音乐会上指挥的背和动作，但却看不到音乐会前他所作的准备工作，故此处指“音乐会表演前”，用performance符合语境。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在音乐会前的几个月，安德森通过在钢琴上弹奏这首曲子来研究它。A. playing演奏；B. repeating重复；C. making制作；D. beating敲击。根据前面的“Anderson studies the music(安德森研究音乐)”和后面的“on the piano(在钢琴上)”可知，安德森主要通过不断在钢琴师弹奏该曲子来研究，此处用play符合语境。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的目标是按照作曲家的想法再现音乐。A. recommended建议；B. encouraged鼓励；C. expected期待；D. intended意图，想法。根据“as the composer (按照作曲家)”可知，安德森不断弹奏曲子，是希望能按照作曲家们原本创作时的想法，把曲子再创作出来，此处用intended符合语境。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在指挥时，安德森用她的整个身体来表达音乐应该如何听和感觉。A. judge判断，认为；B. express表达，表露；C. prove证明；D. explain解释。根据“uses her whole body(用她的整个身体)”可知，在指挥时，安德森用她的整个身体来表达音乐。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当音乐充满活力时，她的动作是戏剧性的;当音乐平静时，她的动作是温柔的。A. movements运动，运转；B. voices声音；C. gestures手势，姿态；D. manners礼貌。根据“when the music is ______9______(当音乐充满活力时)”可知，当音乐充满活力时，她的动作很夸张。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当音乐充满活力时，她的动作很夸张；当音乐平静时，她的动作就很轻柔。A. quiet安静的；B. sad悲伤的；C. energetic充满活力的；D. magical神奇的、有魔力的。根据后面的“Her ______8______ are dramatic(激动人心的) (她的动作是戏剧性的)”可知，当音乐充满活力时，她的动作是戏剧性的。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助年轻的音乐家更好地理解如何演奏音乐，安德森可能会告诉他们想象一段平静悠闲的行走，或者一艘被海浪颠簸的船。A. plan计划；B. understand理解；C. decide决定；D. respond回应。根据后面的“Anderson might tell them to imagine a___11___ and leisurely walk or a ship being tossed (颠簸) by waves.(安德森可能会告诉他们想象一段平静悠闲的步行，或者一艘被海浪颠簸的船)”可知，此处是在教年轻音乐家们如何“更好地理解”音乐，用understand符合语境。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助年轻的音乐家更好地理解如何演奏音乐，安德森可能会告诉他们想象一段平静悠闲的步行，或者一艘被海浪颠簸的船。A. calm平静的；B. violent暴力的；C. short短暂的；D. sensitive敏感的、易受影响的。根据后面的“and leisurely walk (悠闲的步行)”可知，能与leisurely构成并列的词，只有calm，此处表示“平静悠闲地步行”。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的音乐会上，她看到观众们在鼓掌，一起跟着节奏拍手，并高喊“太棒了!”A. touch触碰；B. escape逃离；C. applaud鼓掌、称赞；D. nod点头。根据后面的“clap together in rhythm, and shout “Bravo!”(有节奏地鼓掌，高呼“好!”)”可知，她的音乐会很棒，经常受到观众们的鼓掌和欢呼，此处applaud符合语境。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常，观众会被感动得流下眼泪。A.Regularly经常地，有规律地；B. Hopefully 有希望地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Hardly几乎不。根据上句“clap together in rhythm, and shout “Bravo!”(有节奏地鼓掌，高呼“好!”)”可知，因为太好了，通常，观众会被感动得流下眼泪。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在塞尔维亚的一场音乐会结束后，当年轻的音乐家们上车时，观众们聚集在管弦乐队的巴士周围，为他们欢呼。 A. collected收集、聚集；B. approached接近；C. surrounded围绕、包围；D. gathered聚集。根据后面的“around the orchestra’s buses and cheered for the young musicians as they climbed aboard.(围着乐团的巴士，为登上巴士的年轻音乐家欢呼。)”可知，这些观众聚集在巴士周围，为他们欢呼， gather常与around搭配，表示“围在一起”。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：知道自己和音乐家们改变了人们的生活，让生活变得更好，鼓舞了人们的精神，给人们带来了快乐，安德森很高兴。A. took up拿起、从事；B. turned up出现；C. lifted up激励、鼓舞；D. gave up放弃。根据后面的“spirits(精神)”可知，此处指“鼓舞了人们的精神”，lifted up符合语境。故选C项。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Vincent van Gogh was one of the most gifted artists of his generation. He began working in ___36___ art gallery when he was 16 years old. However, it was not until more than a decade later that he started to ___37___ (serious) consider being an artist himself. In 1880, he took up painting, from which he ___38___ (draw) much comfort. As he began to display a talent ___39___ painting, he realized that art was his true calling. He ___40___ (impress) by the artworks of the master painter Rembrandt when he laid eyes on them. In 1886, he moved to Paris to live with his brother, ___41___ introduced him to some Impressionist artists. He began to form his own style, ___42___ (employ) thick, unmixed paint. This resulted in vivid colours, similar to ___43___ in the Impressionist paintings. However, Van Gogh’s ___44___ (work) had strong lines, as opposed to the softer edges of Impressionism. He made friends with Paul Gauguin and they became ____45____ (know) as Post-Impressionists. 【答案】36. an 37. seriously 38. drew 39. for 40. was impressed 41. who 42. employing 43. those 44. works 45. known 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了梵高成长经历。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他16岁时开始在一个美术馆工作。可数名词gallery在句中表示“一个美术馆”，泛指，art发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，直到十多年后，他才开始认真考虑自己成为一名艺术家。提示词修饰动词consider，用副词seriously作状语，意为“认真地”。故填seriously。 【38题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：1880年，他开始画画，从中得到了很多安慰。析句子可知，draw(得到)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语he之间是主动关系，全文讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填drew。 39题详解】 考查介词。句意：当他开始表现出绘画天赋时，他意识到艺术才是他真正的使命。talent for...是固定搭配，意为“在……方面有天赋”。故填for。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：大师伦勃朗的作品给他留下了深刻的印象。分析句子可知，impress(使铭记；给……留下深刻印象)是句中谓语动词，与主语He之间是被动关系，全文讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，主语是第三人称单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式。故填was impressed。 41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1886年，他搬到巴黎和他的兄弟住在一起，他的兄弟介绍他认识了一些印象派艺术家。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his brother，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他开始形成自己的风格，使用厚的、未混合的颜料。分析句子可知，“(employ) thick, unmixed paint”作伴随状语，employ(使用)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语He之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动和伴随。故填employing。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：这就产生了生动的色彩，类似于印象派画作中的色彩。根据句意，句中把“梵高画作中的色彩”和“印象派画作中的色彩”进行了比较，空格处指代复数名词“colours”，但特指印象派画作中的“colours”，同名异物，特指，用复数代词those。故填those。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，梵高的作品有强烈的线条，与印象派的柔和边缘相反。提示词作主语，结合所有格Van Gogh’s可知，表示“梵高的作品”，应用复数名词works，意为“作品”。故填works。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他与保罗·高更成为朋友，他们被称为后印象派画家。提示词作表语，用形容词known，意为“知名的”；become/be known as...“作为……而出名；被称为……”。故填known。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 46. 假设你是李华，你的英国好友Jack了解到你在十一假期出去旅游，给你写邮件想知道你的旅途感受，请你用英文给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 讲述你的旅途所见及所想； 2. 邀请他有机会到中国旅游。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：国庆假期The National Day Holiday Dear Jack, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours truly, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack, Having received your email concerning my National Day Holiday, I’m more than delighted to share with you my thoughts and experiences over journey. As for the seven-day-long holiday, my family scheduled a self-driving tour to Liaoning Province. Undoubtedly, scenic spots, and roads, even the public toilets were packed with tourists. However, we were hardly affected, because as far as we were concerned, it was travelling together that strengthened the family bonds. Moreover, the fascinating landscapes along the way couldn’t afford to be missed, which made all the troubles caused by the inconvenience cast to the winds. Do you feel like paying a visit to China when you’re available? I can’t wait to show you around to appreciate the charming scenery and diverse cultures. Looking forward to your early reply! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生给Jack写一封关于旅途感受的信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 开心的：delighted → pleased/happy 毫无疑问：Undoubtedly→ Without any doubt 在我们看来：as far as we were concerned →in our opinion 引人入胜的：fascinating → amazing 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Finally, I’m always ready to help others in need. 拓展句：Finally, I’m always ready to help others who are in need of help. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Having received your email concerning my National Day Holiday, I’m more than delighted to share with you my thoughts and experiences over journey.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】And I’ll be grateful if you could give me the chance.（运用了条件状语从句） 第二节 读后续写 (满分25) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was terribly cold and nearly dark on the last evening of the old year, and the snow was falling down. In the cold and the darkness, a poor boy was selling goods door to door. He wanted to make some money to pay for his school in the coming new term. He was walking helplessly on the road when he found that he had only one dime (一角钱) left. He was hungry so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house. Lights were shining from every window. Every house must have a family getting together to enjoy a big dinner happily. He was afraid that he would disturb their warm moment. But he was extremely hungry. With his heart beating fast, he slowly put his hand on the door. It was the first time that he had begged for something. He lost his courage when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal, he just asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him some milk and bread. He swallowed them down in a flash, and then asked, “How much do I have to pay you?” “You don’t need to give me anything,” she replied. “Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness.” He said, “Thank you, and I will never forget about your kindness.” As Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt stronger physically, but it also increased his faith in life. No one knew that he was about to give up and quit before this point. Years later, the woman became seriously ill. The local doctors could not figure out a proper treatment. They had no option but to send her to the big city, where specialists could be called in to study her rare disease. Dr. Howard Kelly, now a famous expert in this field, was having an urgent meeting with his colleagues in the consultation room (咨询室), listening carefully to the report of her condition. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: She didn’t know Dr. Kelly had paid her bill in hospital and this morning an envelope with the bill and a note came to her. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. His memory came flooding back to the cold evening and the warm face. “Would it be her?” he thought. Curious to know the answer, he found himself standing outside the patient’s room. Through the window of the door, he saw the face he would never forget. Silently, he turned around and was determined to do whatever he could to save her life. After a long struggle, her health was picking up day by day. She didn’t know Dr. Kelly had paid her bill in hospital and this morning an envelope with the bill and a note came to her. She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay off the bill. Taking a deep breath, she opened it with trembling hands, and the handwritten words on the note caught her attention first, which read, “Paid in full with the milk and bread, from Dr. Howard Kelly”. She was thinking hard to figure out the meaning of the words when Howard pushed the door open. He explained everything. With tears rolling down her face, she said, “Thank You!” 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索。文章讲述了在一个寒冷的年末傍晚，贫穷的男孩Howard Kelly为了筹集新学期的学费，挨家挨户推销商品。饥寒交迫时，一位女士给了他免费的牛奶和面包。多年后，这位男孩已成为名医，他救治了这位女士，并用“牛奶和面包已付清”的字条，默默回报了当年的恩情，令她感动不已。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“当他听到她来自的城镇的名字时，一种奇怪的光芒充满了他的眼睛。”可知，第一段可以描写Howard Kelly医生认出了病重的女人就是曾经帮助她的好心人，并且尽力医治她，帮助她恢复。 ②由第二段句首内容“她不知道凯利医生已经付了她在医院的账单，今天早上她收到了一个信封，里面装着账单和一张纸条。”可知，第二段可以病情好转的女人得知账单被付后的吃惊和两人相认的场景。 2.续写线索：听到城镇名字莫名好奇—认出好心人是病重的病号—努力医治—帮助付账单写便条—女人收到账单和便条—惊喜并感谢 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①决心做某事：be determined to do/ make up one’s mind to do ②吸引某人的注意力：catch one’s attention/absorb one’s attention ③弄清楚：figure out/make sense of/make out 情绪类 ①害怕的：afraid/scared/frightend ②眼泪顺着脸颊流下来：With tears rolling down her face/tears running down her cheeks 【点睛】【高分句型1】Silently, he turned around and was determined to do whatever he could to save her life.（运用了whatever引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】She was afraid to open it because she was sure that it would take the rest of her life to pay off the bill. （运用了because引导的原因状语从句和that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$