精品解析：江苏省徐州市铜山区第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月学情调研英语试卷

铜山区第一中学 2024-2025学年高二年级第一学期学情调研 英语试卷 (考试时间: 120分钟 试卷满分: 150分) 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共5小题； 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman looking for? A. A company. B. A hotel. C. A bus station. 2. What is the man doing? A. Practicing speaking. B. Asking for help. C. Giving advice. 3. Where does the man usually have dinner on weekends? A. In his friend's pub. B. At his home. C. In a Chinese restaurant. 4. What are the speakers going to do? A. Have a barbecue. B. Rest in the car. C. Take an exam. 5. Why does the man call the woman? A. To book a table. B. To delay dinner. C. To order foods. 第二节 (共15 小题； 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Give her a raise. B. Hire employees. C. Join the company. 7. When will the man reply? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. When is the man supposed to meet his friend for lunch? A. At 12: 10. B. At 12:15. C. At 12:20. 9. How did the man plan to go to A &B Restaurant? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By taxi. 10. What is the man going to do? A. Repair his car. B. Send the woman home. C. Contact his friend. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. How often does Rose have her teeth cleaned? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 12. What do both Rose and Mike like? A. Coffee. B. Sugar. C. Smoking. 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Eating habits. B. Sweet food. C. Tooth health. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. At a concert. B. At a party. C. At a conference. 15. What's the possible relationship between Tom and Molly? A. Relatives. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates. 16. What do we know about Tom? A. He is out of job. B. He likes to exercise. C. He is not easy- going. 17. What is Joe? A A coach. B. A student. C. A manager. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18 How long will the tourists spend in the Golden Pavilion? A. One hour. B. Half an hour. C. An hour and a half. 19. Which of the following is known for its rock garden? A. Gion. B. Golden Pavilion. C. Ryoanji Temple. 20. What does the Kyoto National Museum mainly exhibit? A. Japanese tea. B. Japanese art. C. Japanese architecture. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题； 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A Each year, Boston University proudly celebrates the very best in academics, innovation, and teaching through the awarding of University-wide honors and in our support of applicants for prestigious (赫赫有名的) national scholarships. The following showcases the growing list of opportunities and resources Boston University provides. Harold C. Case scholarship The Harold C. Case scholarship is offered to outstanding Boston University juniors for support of their senior year. Case scholarships recognize scholarly accomplishment and potential as well as extracurricular activities that contribute to the university. Scholarship recipients receive between $1.000 and full tuition depending on financial needs. Funds can only be applied to undergraduate study. In most application cycles 10- 12 recipients are selected. Dean Elsbeth Melville scholarship The Dean Elsbeth Melville scholarship was established in 1978 by the Trustees of Boston University to honor Dean Melville’s “splendid and varied contribution” to the education and lives of women at Boston University. Only two scholarships are awarded each year to top-ranked women in the junior class who are representatives of the qualities stressed by Dean Melville. Scholarship recipients receive a minimum of $1,000 depending on financial need. Funds can only be applied to undergraduate study. Clare Boothe Luce scholar awards The Clare Boothe Luce program of the Henry Luce Foundation supports a limited number of Undergraduate Scholarships for women students in the fields of the physical and life sciences, mathematics, engineering, and computer science. Provost’s scholars award The Provost’s scholars awards celebrate the achievements of students who have demonstrated the spirit of a true scholar at a research university. Up to 20 awards are given annually, each carrying $1000 of funding for research creative activity expenses such as travel to conferences and archives (档案馆) or for research-related equipment and supplies. Awards are distributed through the Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program (UROP). Winners are selected in the Spring Semester, and recognized at the Provost’s academic awards ceremony during Parents’ Weekend in October. 1. Who does the Harold C. Case scholarship recognize? A. Top ranked women in senior years. B. Freshmen who explore the unknown. C. Juniors who are academically successful. D. Undergraduates active in extracurricular activities. 2. Which is specifically for female students studying engineering? A. Provost’s scholars award. B. Harold C. Case scholarship C. Clare Boothe Luce scholar awards. D. Dean Elsbeth Melville scholarship 3. What can Provost’s scholars award winners do with the funding? A. Buy research facilities. B. Pay tuition fees. C. Attend business conferences. D. Go on an adventure travel B 15-year-old Jacob Grosberg walked the streets of down town on Saturday to try and help people dealing with health problems, especially mental issues. The Toronto teenager carried bags full of donated clothes and hygiene (卫生) products for people living on the streets or in shelters. Grosberg’s father once suffered a lot from depression and mental illness. After his death, Grosberg decided he wanted to help others dealing with the same problem. His solution was the Conan Fund, so-called after his father’s high school nickname for his strength and popularity. According to the fund’s website, the money raised is donated to charities, hospitals and organizations to make a chance and improve resources. It didn’t take long for people living in the shelter on Wellington Street in Liberty Village to come out to receive what Grosberg was offering. From bags of socks, to hats, gloves, jeans and winter jackets, the people were excited and appreciative of the generosity. Martuia Archibald, 30, had a huge smile on her face as she put on a winter jacket and turned up the collar. She didn’t have a winter jacket until Grosberg arrived, and was touched by the gesture. “It means that there are people out there that still consider that I need warm clothing as well,” she said. Grosberg’s mother said her son’s spirit and kindness motivated her. “He inspires me,” she said. “He shows me the way to move forward after his father is gone. He shows me the way to turn something terrible into something really positive.” That’s exactly what Grosberg is trying to achieve. “I think that doing this is not only inspiring more changes in myself, but hopefully can inspire a lot of others to do the exact same thing I’m doing,” Grosberg said. 4. What inspired Grosberg to set up the Conan Fund? A. His father’s suffering. B. His mother’s suggestion. C. The story of another teenager. D. The hope to cure mental illness. 5. What does the author want to show by mentioning Martuia Archibald? A. The change the Conan Fund brought to shelters. B. The most urgently needed supplies for the locals. C. The warmth needy people received from Grosberg. D. The greatest contribution Grosberg made to the world. 6. What can be inferred about Grosberg’s mother? A. She is a very optimistic person. B. She considers her son an inspiration. C. She co-founded the Conan Fund. D. She is always ready to lend a helping hand. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Inspiring People Around Oneself B. Seeing the Positive Side of Everything C. Becoming a Teenager with Great Confidence D. Turning a Struggle into a Charitable Movement C There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees; another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters. The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing. The relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include a hierarchy (等级) of responsibilities and unconditional love, which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends. Marina, 27 years old, said, “I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend. Best friends don’t pay for your wedding. Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friends don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying. This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common, which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of work and technology, which may bring them even closer together. Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking. Sometimes this is not an equal relationship. Daughters don’t always feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being. But mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers always “trump (胜过)” friends. 8. What can we learn from what Marina said? A. Best friends will not spend money on her wedding. B. Best friends will not remind her of important issues in life. C. Her mother is wiser on account of her age. D. Her mother is anything but her best friend. 9. Why can a mother and a daughter build a closer relationship? A. Because they share advanced technology with each other. B. Because they work together to support the whole family. C. Because they experience the same values and traditions. D. Because they have common experience in life and work. 10. What do we know from the text? A. The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend. B. A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship. C. Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother. D. The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friendship. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. How to build a good mother and daughter relationship. B. A mother-daughter relationship is irreplaceable. C. Mothers want to be daughters’ friends. D. A daughter is a mother’s best friend. D Plants might be able to hear their neighbors, according to a study that suggests plants use the sound signal to communicate with one another. “We have shown that plants can recognize when a good neighbor is growing next to them,” said study co-author Monica Gagliano, an evolutionary ecologist at the University of Western Australia. “We found that this communication can be based upon an acoustic (声音的) exchange.” The findings suggest that plants can not only “smell” the chemicals and “see” the reflected light of their neighbors, they may also “listen” to the plants around them. “Plants are more intricate organisms than we’ve given them credit for,” Gagliano said. In the study, Gagliano and her workmate Michael Renton showed that chili plants sprouted faster and were healthier, compared with those grown in isolation, when they were grown next to “good neighbors”, such as basil. Remarkably, the scientists got the same result even when the plants were separated by black plastic so that they could not exchange light or chemical signals. The scientists said the study is groundbreaking but still in its early days, and admitted there are still many unanswered questions. For example, are plants intentionally (有意地) communicating with one another? And if they are, do they all speak in a universal (通用的) “plant language”? To these questions and more, Gagliano said, the answer is “we don’t know”. Gagliano thinks learning the secrets of plant communication could have practical applications (应用) that could benefit humans. She imagines farmers using music to encourage or discourage the growth of certain plants, reducing the need for pesticides. Study co-author Renton warned, however, that the effects in their study were fairly small. “Whether it would be economically viable (经济上可行的),” he said, “for a farmer to play music to get that little extra growth speed, I think it’s pointless and costly.” 12. What did the study find out about plants? A. They have a great influence on their neighboring animals. B. They can sense their surroundings through sounds. C. They can control their own growth in the dark. D. They grow much healthier in isolation. 13. What does the underlined word “intricate” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Endangered. B. Natural. C. Complex. D. Productive. 14. What did the scientists think of their study? A. It is inspiring but the findings are limited. B. It is a failure but the methods deserve praise. C. It can help plants send signals more effectively. D. It will draw public attention to the protection of plants. 15. What is Renton’s attitude to the idea of using music to influence the growth of plants? A. Hopeful. B. Supportive. C. Uncaring. D. Opposed. 第二节 (共5 小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why Boundaries at Work Are Essential What is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. ___16___ If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries. Letting co-workers know you are not comfortable shaking their hands or hugging them at a holiday party, especially with Covid at this time, is another example of setting a physical boundary. It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler(更微妙的). ___17___ Emotional boundaries are related to our feelings and how something or someone’s behavior affects us. For example, if a boss treats you disrespectfully by yelling at you or a colleague frequently interrupts you in meetings, you are likely to feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a courageous conversation with both your boss and co-worker about their behavior, the impact it has on you, and your expectations regarding future behavior, you are setting healthy emotional boundaries for yourself at work. Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one. ___18___ One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout over time. Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics(道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent(始终如一的)with this. ___19___ Over time, this may lead to significant stress and physical symptoms within. ___20___ . Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace. A. Why are boundaries important? B. However, they are equally, if not more, important. C. Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them. D. Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful. E. Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible. F. Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time. G. Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal discomfort, even conflict. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) “WELCOME TO HELL, LADIES!” says Mr. Smith, the ____21____ of the adult ballet class. I force a smile as he presses down on my stiff (僵硬的)back, attempting to be a little more ____22____ . When I was a little girl I ____23____ elegantly dancing across the stage like the Swan Princess. With several reasons, my hopes of taking ballet lessons were killed. But every so often, usually while watching a brilliant performance of Swan Lake, those little ____24____ of unfulfilled desire would speak up and say that I should take lessons before it’s too late. And here I am — more than 50 years — finally ____25____ for it. I’m an absolute ____26____ but 30 years older than the rest of the participants in the adult class. We are practising “port de bras”, a ballet term for the ____27____ of the arms. I flutter (挥动)my arms, awakening my inner ____28____ , “Your hands, they look like claws of a chicken,” Mr. Smith ____29____ , “No one wants to look at that. It’s ugly.” He points his finger at various body parts while _____30_____ giving feedback, “Head up, neck long, chest proud, stomach in, back straight, bottom tight.” Every time he looks at me, I instantly know that I’ve missed something. So I take note of every previous adjustment to gain his approval. After a few sessions, I find myself looking forward to taking ballet classes with a mix of anxiety and excitement. Between classes, I _____31_____ my posture in every window I pass. I’m _____32_____ . My hands are less claw-like and my posture a little more straight. And I constantly imagine I’m on stage, holding the audience entirely in my _____33_____ . Learning ballet as an adult has been a much bigger _____34_____ than I expected, but I’m glad that I took action and that ballet still _____35_____ to me as it did when I was a little girl. 21. A. leader B. instructor C. receptionist D. representative 22. A. amused B. steady C. flexible D. comfortable 23. A. set about B. insisted on C. gave up D. dreamed of 24. A. misfortunes B. regrets C. complaints D. pressures 25. A. longing B. competing C. struggling D. applying 26. A. senior B. beginner C. amateur D. lover 27. A. stretch B. shape C. function D. movement 28. A. swan B. voice C. angel D. thought 29 A. sighs B. reminds C. criticizes D. announces 30. A. strictly B. hurriedly C. impatiently D. cautiously 31. A. design B. check C. assess D. value 32. A. progressing B. thinking C. succeeding D. waiting 33. A. energy B. power C. strength D. force 34. A. practice B. achievement C. campaign D. challenge 35. A. appeals B. attends C. anticipates D. attaches 第二节 (共10小题: 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lai Xuanzhi graduated from Wuhan Sports University, majoring in basketball. In 2010, the new graduate ___36___ (employ) as a PE teacher at a village school. Back then, it was challenging for him. Lacking facilities and funds, the school wasn’t set up ___37___ (hold) ordinary PE courses, such as basketball, soccer and track and field, so the ___38___ (ambition) young teacher had to shift his focus to something that was cheaper and easier to organize. He discovered rope-jumping. With it, he led the students from a village school to participate in many highly competitive international competitions. The very beginning was ___39___ first World Inter-School Rope Competition, which took place in Dubai in 2015. Lai’s team skipped through, winning 27 of the total of 28 gold ___40___ (medal). Lai watched the teens standing on the podium (领奖台) singing the national anthem with tears ___41___ (run) down their faces. It was at that moment ___42___ Lai came to realize that for students who are educated in a village school, rope-jumping could not only be part of physical education but also provide access ___43___ more opportunities. Now, Lai’s jump-rope team has over 200 members. “Children are the future of the country and the hope of the nation,” Lai says. “I hope the effort I ___44___ (put) into physical education can help them to gain a much ____45____ (bright) future.” 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Charles最近对学习汉语成语很感兴趣，特来信交流。请你用英文给他回一封信，内容包括： 1. 学习成语的好处； 2. 学习成语的方法； 3. 盼望多交流。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Charles, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (共1 小题, 25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，’使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Birthday Surprise I stood at the kitchen window watching Papa as he sat in the old, wooden lawn chair staring out at the lake. Ralph, his old black dog, lay on the ground at his side. Papa’s hand absently stroked (抚摩) the head of his old companion as they dreamed the dreams of old men and old dogs in the evening sun. “He does this day after day?” I asked Mama. She nodded, sadness filling her eyes. “I don’t know what to do for him. There is a strong desire in his eyes that I can’t satisfy -a desire for the past. The past can’t be brought back to the present. Once days are gone, they are gone forever,” Mama sighed. “I’m going down to talk to him,” I said. I called out to Papa and handed him a cup of coffee. “What are you and Ralph thinking about all these hours you spend out here?” I asked, “We’re not thinking,” he said softly. “We’re wishing.” I sat on the grass beside his chair. “Wishing for what?” “For the impossible, I suppose,” he sighed. “You always told me that nothing was impossible if you wanted it badly enough and were willing to work hard for it,” I reminded him. He laughed softly, but there was no amusement in the sound. “But Ralph and I have come to learn that when you reach our age, some things are actually impossible.” “Maybe I can help you. What do you want so badly?” I asked. Papa grinned (咧嘴大笑), and his eyes shone brightly at the thought of his dream becoming a reality. “Ralph and I want to fix up the old boat and go out on the lake again. We used to spend all day out on the lake, fishing, drinking beer and eating sandwiches,” Papa said. Yes, I remember. When I was young, Papa and Ralph often enjoyed themselves on the lake on weekends. They’d start for home when the sun went down, totally satisfied with themselves and with life. Now, Papa was almost eighty-five years old and had a heart condition, so Mama was horrified by the idea of him going out on the lake again at first. But eventually I managed to convince her. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After Mama agreed, I persuaded my friends to join in my secret plan. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the day of Papa’s birthday, we were all eager to give him a surprise. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 铜山区第一中学 2024-2025学年高二年级第一学期学情调研 英语试卷 (考试时间: 120分钟 试卷满分: 150分) 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共5小题； 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman looking for? A. A company. B. A hotel. C. A bus station. 2. What is the man doing? A. Practicing speaking. B. Asking for help. C. Giving advice. 3. Where does the man usually have dinner on weekends? A. In his friend's pub. B. At his home. C. In a Chinese restaurant. 4. What are the speakers going to do? A. Have a barbecue. B. Rest in the car. C. Take an exam. 5. Why does the man call the woman? A. To book a table. B. To delay dinner. C. To order foods. 第二节 (共15 小题； 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Give her a raise. B. Hire employees. C. Join the company. 7. When will the man reply? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. When is the man supposed to meet his friend for lunch? A. At 12: 10. B. At 12:15. C. At 12:20. 9. How did the man plan to go to A &B Restaurant? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By taxi. 10. What is the man going to do? A. Repair his car. B. Send the woman home. C. Contact his friend. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. How often does Rose have her teeth cleaned? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 12. What do both Rose and Mike like? A. Coffee. B. Sugar. C. Smoking. 13. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Eating habits. B. Sweet food. C. Tooth health. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. At a concert. B. At a party. C. At a conference. 15. What's the possible relationship between Tom and Molly? A. Relatives. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates. 16. What do we know about Tom? A. He is out of job. B. He likes to exercise. C. He is not easy- going. 17. What is Joe? A. A coach. B. A student. C. A manager. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. How long will the tourists spend in the Golden Pavilion? A. One hour. B. Half an hour. C. An hour and a half. 19. Which of the following is known for its rock garden? A. Gion. B. Golden Pavilion. C. Ryoanji Temple. 20. What does the Kyoto National Museum mainly exhibit? A. Japanese tea. B. Japanese art. C. Japanese architecture. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题； 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A Each year, Boston University proudly celebrates the very best in academics, innovation, and teaching through the awarding of University-wide honors and in our support of applicants for prestigious (赫赫有名的) national scholarships. The following showcases the growing list of opportunities and resources Boston University provides. Harold C. Case scholarship The Harold C. Case scholarship is offered to outstanding Boston University juniors for support of their senior year. Case scholarships recognize scholarly accomplishment and potential as well as extracurricular activities that contribute to the university. Scholarship recipients receive between $1.000 and full tuition depending on financial needs. Funds can only be applied to undergraduate study. In most application cycles 10- 12 recipients are selected. Dean Elsbeth Melville scholarship The Dean Elsbeth Melville scholarship was established in 1978 by the Trustees of Boston University to honor Dean Melville’s “splendid and varied contribution” to the education and lives of women at Boston University. Only two scholarships are awarded each year to top-ranked women in the junior class who are representatives of the qualities stressed by Dean Melville. Scholarship recipients receive a minimum of $1,000 depending on financial need. Funds can only be applied to undergraduate study. Clare Boothe Luce scholar awards The Clare Boothe Luce program of the Henry Luce Foundation supports a limited number of Undergraduate Scholarships for women students in the fields of the physical and life sciences, mathematics, engineering, and computer science. Provost’s scholars award The Provost’s scholars awards celebrate the achievements of students who have demonstrated the spirit of a true scholar at a research university. Up to 20 awards are given annually, each carrying $1000 of funding for research creative activity expenses such as travel to conferences and archives (档案馆) or for research-related equipment and supplies. Awards are distributed through the Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program (UROP). Winners are selected in the Spring Semester, and recognized at the Provost’s academic awards ceremony during Parents’ Weekend in October. 1. Who does the Harold C. Case scholarship recognize? A. Top ranked women in senior years. B. Freshmen who explore the unknown. C. Juniors who are academically successful. D. Undergraduates active in extracurricular activities. 2. Which is specifically for female students studying engineering? A. Provost’s scholars award. B. Harold C. Case scholarship C. Clare Boothe Luce scholar awards. D. Dean Elsbeth Melville scholarship 3. What can Provost’s scholars award winners do with the funding? A. Buy research facilities. B. Pay tuition fees. C. Attend business conferences. D. Go on an adventure travel 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了波斯顿大学的奖学金情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Harold C. Case scholarship”部分的“The Harold C. Case scholarship is offered to outstanding Boston University juniors for support of their senior year(Harold C.Case奖学金提供给波士顿大学杰出的大三学生，以支持他们的大四学习)”可知Harold C.Case奖学金用于奖励成绩优异的大三学生，故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Clare Boothe Luce scholar awards”部分的“The Clare Boothe Luce program of the Henry Luce Foundation supports a limited number of Undergraduate Scholarships for women students in the fields of the physical and life sciences, mathematics, engineering, and computer science. (亨利·卢斯基金会的Clare Boothe Luce项目为物理和生命科学、数学、工程和计算机科学领域的女学生提供了数量有限的本科生奖学金)”可知，该奖项特别为学习工程的女性提供奖学金，故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Provost’s scholars award”部分的“Up to 20 awards are given annually, each carrying $1000 of funding for research creative activity expenses such as travel to conferences and archives (档案馆) or for research-related equipment and supplies(每个奖项都有1000美元的资金用于研究创意活动，如会议和档案馆的差旅或用于购买与研究相关的设备和用品)”可知，奖学金获得者可以使用资金购买研究用品，故选A项。 B 15-year-old Jacob Grosberg walked the streets of down town on Saturday to try and help people dealing with health problems, especially mental issues. The Toronto teenager carried bags full of donated clothes and hygiene (卫生) products for people living on the streets or in shelters. Grosberg’s father once suffered a lot from depression and mental illness. After his death, Grosberg decided he wanted to help others dealing with the same problem. His solution was the Conan Fund, so-called after his father’s high school nickname for his strength and popularity. According to the fund’s website, the money raised is donated to charities, hospitals and organizations to make a chance and improve resources. It didn’t take long for people living in the shelter on Wellington Street in Liberty Village to come out to receive what Grosberg was offering. From bags of socks, to hats, gloves, jeans and winter jackets, the people were excited and appreciative of the generosity. Martuia Archibald, 30, had a huge smile on her face as she put on a winter jacket and turned up the collar. She didn’t have a winter jacket until Grosberg arrived, and was touched by the gesture. “It means that there are people out there that still consider that I need warm clothing as well,” she said. Grosberg’s mother said her son’s spirit and kindness motivated her. “He inspires me,” she said. “He shows me the way to move forward after his father is gone. He shows me the way to turn something terrible into something really positive.” That’s exactly what Grosberg is trying to achieve. “I think that doing this is not only inspiring more changes in myself, but hopefully can inspire a lot of others to do the exact same thing I’m doing,” Grosberg said. 4. What inspired Grosberg to set up the Conan Fund? A. His father’s suffering. B. His mother’s suggestion. C. The story of another teenager. D. The hope to cure mental illness. 5. What does the author want to show by mentioning Martuia Archibald? A. The change the Conan Fund brought to shelters. B. The most urgently needed supplies for the locals. C. The warmth needy people received from Grosberg. D. The greatest contribution Grosberg made to the world. 6. What can be inferred about Grosberg’s mother? A. She is a very optimistic person. B. She considers her son an inspiration. C. She co-founded the Conan Fund. D. She is always ready to lend a helping hand. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Inspiring People Around Oneself B. Seeing the Positive Side of Everything C. Becoming a Teenager with Great Confidence D. Turning a Struggle into a Charitable Movement 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了15岁的Jacob Grosberg为了帮助那些有健康问题，尤其是精神问题的人，他在街头分发捐赠的衣物和卫生用品，并设立了Conan Fund基金。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Grosberg’s father once suffered a lot from depression and mental illness. After his death, Grosberg decided he wanted to help others dealing with the same problem. His solution was the Conan Fund, so-called after his father’s high school nickname for his strength and popularity.”（Grosberg的父亲曾经因为抑郁症和精神疾病受苦。他去世后，Grosberg决定帮助其他有同样问题的人。他的解决方案是建立Conan Fund，这个名字来源于他父亲高中时的绰号，因为他的实力和知名度。）可知，是父亲的痛苦激发了Grosberg设立Conan Fund。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“She didn’t have a winter jacket until Grosberg arrived, and was touched by the gesture. “It means that there are people out there that still consider that I need warm clothing as well,” she said.”（直到Grosberg来了，她才有了一件冬季外套，她被这个举动感动了。‘这意味着还有人在考虑我也需要温暖的衣物，’她说。）可知，作者提到马Martuia Archibald是想要表达，需要帮助的人从Grosberg那里得到温暖。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Grosberg’s mother said her son’s spirit and kindness motivated her. “He inspires me,” she said.”（Grosberg的母亲说，她儿子的精神和善良激励了她。‘他激励了我，’她说。）可知，Grosberg的母亲认为她的儿子是她的激励，故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“I think that doing this is not only inspiring more changes in myself, but hopefully can inspire a lot of others to do the exact same thing I’m doing,” Grosberg said.”（格罗斯伯格说：‘我认为这样做不仅能激励我自己做出更多改变，而且希望能激励很多其他人做我正在做的事情。’）并结合Grosberg的经历可知，他在经历了父亲因病去世后，将艰难化作帮助他人的力量，创办Conan Fund去帮助有需要的人。D选项“把艰难变成慈善运动”能够概括本文主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选D。 C There is an old Chinese proverb that states “One generation plants the trees; another gets the shade,” and this is how it should be with mothers and daughters. The relationship between a mother and a daughter is sometimes confusing. The relationship can be similar to friendship. However, the mother and daughter relationship has unique characteristics that distinguish it from a friendship. These characteristics include a hierarchy (等级) of responsibilities and unconditional love, which preclude mothers and daughters from being best friends. Marina, 27 years old, said, “I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend. Best friends don’t pay for your wedding. Best friends don’t remind you how they carried you in their body and gave you life! Best friends don’t tell you how wise they are because they have been alive at least 20 years longer than you.” This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying. This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common, which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of work and technology, which may bring them even closer together. Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking. Sometimes this is not an equal relationship. Daughters don’t always feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being. But mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers always “trump (胜过)” friends. 8. What can we learn from what Marina said? A. Best friends will not spend money on her wedding. B. Best friends will not remind her of important issues in life. C. Her mother is wiser on account of her age. D. Her mother is anything but her best friend. 9. Why can a mother and a daughter build a closer relationship? A. Because they share advanced technology with each other. B. Because they work together to support the whole family. C. Because they experience the same values and traditions. D. Because they have common experience in life and work. 10 What do we know from the text? A. The mother and daughter relationship can be replaced by a best friend. B. A mother’s love brings her and her daughter a close friendship. C. Marina has a troubled relationship with her mother. D. The mother and daughter relationship goes beyond best friendship. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. How to build a good mother and daughter relationship. B. A mother-daughter relationship is irreplaceable. C. Mothers want to be daughters’ friends. D. A daughter is a mother’s best friend. 【答案】8. D 9. D 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了母女关系，认为母女关系独具特点，不同于友谊，母亲与女儿不可能成为最好的朋友。作者认为母女之间有许多共同之处，母女关系永存，不可替代，而友谊是双向的，但是母亲永远希望保护女儿。为女儿负责，女儿却不必为母亲的幸福承担责任。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Marina, 27 years old, said, “I love spending time with my mom, but I wouldn’t consider her my best friend.”（27岁的玛丽娜说：“我喜欢和妈妈在一起，但我不认为她是我最好的朋友。”）可知，玛丽娜的母亲绝不是她最好的朋友。故选D项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“This doesn’t mean that the mother and daughter relationship can’t be very close and satisfying. This generation of mothers and adult daughters has a lot in common, which increases the likelihood of shared companionship. Mothers and daughters have always shared the common experience of being homemakers, responsible for maintaining and passing on family values and traditions. Today contemporary mothers and daughters also share the experience of work and technology, which may bring them even closer together.”（这并不意味着母女关系不能非常亲密和令人满意。这一代的母亲和成年女儿有很多共同点，这增加了共同陪伴的可能性。母亲和女儿一直都有做家庭主妇的共同经历，负责维护和传承家庭价值观和传统。今天，当代的母亲和女儿也分享工作和技术的经验，这可能使她们更加亲密。）可推知，母亲和女儿可以建立更亲密的关系是因为他们在生活和工作中有共同的经历。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Best friends may or may not continue to be best friends, but for better or worse, the mother and daughter relationship is permanent, even if for some unfortunate reason they aren’t speaking. Sometimes this is not an equal relationship.”（最好的朋友可能会继续做最好的朋友，也可能不会继续做最好的朋友，但不管是好是坏，母女关系是永久的，即使因为一些不幸的原因她们不说话。）以及“The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers always “trump(胜过)” friends.”（母女关系是任何其他关系都无法替代的。母亲总是“胜过”朋友。）可推知，母女关系不同于朋友关系但超越朋友关系。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“Sometimes this is not an equal relationship. Daughters don’t always feel responsible for their mother’s emotional well-being. But mothers never stop being mothers, which includes frequently wanting to protect their daughters and often feeling responsible for their happiness. The mother and daughter relationship is a relationship that is not replaceable by any other. Mothers always “trump(胜过)” friends.”（有时这不是一种平等的关系。女儿们并不总是觉得要为母亲的情感健康负责。但母亲们从未停止过母亲的角色，这包括她们经常想要保护自己的女儿，并经常对自己的女儿的幸福负责。母女关系是任何其他关系都无法替代的。母亲总是“胜过”朋友。）可知，文章主要讲的是女儿和母亲之间亲密又奇怪的关系，虽然母亲永远无法和女儿成为最亲近的朋友，但他们之间的关系无可替代。故选B项。 D Plants might be able to hear their neighbors according to a study that suggests plants use the sound signal to communicate with one another. “We have shown that plants can recognize when a good neighbor is growing next to them,” said study co-author Monica Gagliano, an evolutionary ecologist at the University of Western Australia. “We found that this communication can be based upon an acoustic (声音的) exchange.” The findings suggest that plants can not only “smell” the chemicals and “see” the reflected light of their neighbors, they may also “listen” to the plants around them. “Plants are more intricate organisms than we’ve given them credit for,” Gagliano said. In the study, Gagliano and her workmate Michael Renton showed that chili plants sprouted faster and were healthier, compared with those grown in isolation, when they were grown next to “good neighbors”, such as basil. Remarkably, the scientists got the same result even when the plants were separated by black plastic so that they could not exchange light or chemical signals. The scientists said the study is groundbreaking but still in its early days, and admitted there are still many unanswered questions. For example, are plants intentionally (有意地) communicating with one another? And if they are, do they all speak in a universal (通用的) “plant language”? To these questions and more, Gagliano said, the answer is “we don’t know”. Gagliano thinks learning the secrets of plant communication could have practical applications (应用) that could benefit humans. She imagines farmers using music to encourage or discourage the growth of certain plants, reducing the need for pesticides. Study co-author Renton warned, however, that the effects in their study were fairly small. “Whether it would be economically viable (经济上可行的),” he said, “for a farmer to play music to get that little extra growth speed, I think it’s pointless and costly.” 12 What did the study find out about plants? A. They have a great influence on their neighboring animals. B. They can sense their surroundings through sounds. C. They can control their own growth in the dark. D. They grow much healthier in isolation. 13. What does the underlined word “intricate” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Endangered. B. Natural. C. Complex. D. Productive. 14. What did the scientists think of their study? A. It is inspiring but the findings are limited. B. It is a failure but the methods deserve praise. C It can help plants send signals more effectively. D. It will draw public attention to the protection of plants. 15. What is Renton’s attitude to the idea of using music to influence the growth of plants? A. Hopeful. B. Supportive. C. Uncaring. D. Opposed. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究表明植物可以利用声音信号与周围环境进行交流，并想象了该研究可能给农业带来的实际应用。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Plants might be able to hear their neighbors, according to a study that suggests plants use the sound signal to communicate with one another.”（根据一项研究，植物可能能够听到它们邻居的声音，这表明植物利用声音信号彼此交流。）可知，关于植物，这项研究发现了它们能通过声音感知周围的环境。故选B项。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段“The findings suggest that plants can not only “smell” the chemicals and “see” the reflected light of their neighbors, they may also “listen” to the plants around them.”（研究结果表明，植物不仅可以“闻到”化学物质，“看到”邻居的反射光，它们还可以“听到”周围植物的声音。）由此可知，此处为植物比我们认为的要复杂得多。故可猜测划线单词intricate为“复杂的”意思，结合选项C项Complex“复杂的”意思一致。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第七段中“The scientists said the study is groundbreaking but still in its early days, and admitted there are still many unanswered questions.”（科学家们表示，这项研究具有开创性，但仍处于早期阶段，并承认仍有许多未解决的问题。）可推知，科学家认为这项研究是鼓舞人心的，但研究结果是有限的。故选A项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Whether it would be economically viable(经济上可行的),” he said, “for a farmer to play music to get that little extra growth speed, I think it’s pointless and costly.””（不管从经济上看是否可行，”他说，“对农民来说，通过播放音乐来获得一点额外的生长速度，我认为这是毫无意义的，而且代价高昂。”）可推知，Renton对用音乐影响植物生长的想法持反对的态度。故选D项。 第二节 (共5 小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why Boundaries at Work Are Essential What is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. ___16___ If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries. Letting co-workers know you are not comfortable shaking their hands or hugging them at a holiday party, especially with Covid at this time, is another example of setting a physical boundary. It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler(更微妙的). ___17___ Emotional boundaries are related to our feelings and how something or someone’s behavior affects us. For example, if a boss treats you disrespectfully by yelling at you or a colleague frequently interrupts you in meetings, you are likely to feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a courageous conversation with both your boss and co-worker about their behavior, the impact it has on you, and your expectations regarding future behavior, you are setting healthy emotional boundaries for yourself at work. Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one. ___18___ One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout over time. Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics(道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent(始终如一的)with this. ___19___ Over time, this may lead to significant stress and physical symptoms within. ___20___ . Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace. A. Why are boundaries important? B. However, they are equally, if not more, important. C. Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them. D. Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful. E. Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible. F. Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time. G. Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal discomfort, even conflict. 【答案】16. E 17. B 18. F 19. G 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了工作场所中设置界限的重要性，包括身体界限、情感界限和心理界限，以及这些界限如何影响工作满意度和员工健康。 【16题详解】 根据空前内容“What is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something.(你可能会问，什么是界限？界限是定义你与某人或某事之间关系的界限。)”可知，上文引入概念界限。选项E“Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible.(界限可以是身体上的、精神上的、情感上的、有形的或无形的。)”对界限进行了分类。与下文“If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries.(如果你告诉别人这是你的办公空间，你的桌子，或者你的椅子，你已经试图设置物理边界。)”内容一致，故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler(更微妙的).(物理边界通常更容易理解。情感或精神上的界限可能更微妙。)”可知，上文提到了物理界限和精神上的界限。选项B“However, they are equally, if not more, important.(然而，它们同样重要，如果不是谁更重要的话。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是两种界限同样重要。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据空后内容“One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout over time. (这方面的一个例子是在周末或假期被反复要求工作到很晚。另一个例子是被要求看太多的客户或病人，以至于我们在一天结束时感到疲倦，到周五就筋疲力尽了。通常，以上工作场所的要求会导致压力增加，并且随着时间的推移，很有可能会精疲力竭。)”可知，下文讲述的是我们会被要求做一些超出我们能力范围的事情。选项F“Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time. (这种界限通常包括在很长一段时间内被要求做超出我们能力范围的事情。)”与下文内容相一致，指的都是我们被要求做超出我们能力范围的事情。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文内容“For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent(始终如一的)with this.(例如，你看重一种尊重员工和客户、尊重尊严、道德行事的职场文化。六个月后，你意识到公司领导一再以与此不一致的方式行事。)”以及常识可知，当个人价值观和公司不一致时，可能就会有冲突。选项G“Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal discomfort, even conflict.(你的价值观和道德标准与公司不一致，这可能会导致内部不适，甚至冲突。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是当你的价值观和道德标准与公司不一致，这可能会导致内部不适，甚至冲突。故选G。 【20题详解】 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace. (边界有很多功能。他们帮助保护我们，明确我们的责任，保持我们的身体和情感能量，并实践我们的价值观和标准。学习设定界限的技能有助于我们优先考虑我们的价值观和幸福，更好地管理我们的压力。识别、设定和保持界限是很有价值的技能，不幸的是，我们在学校或工作场所往往没有学到这些技能。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是界限的重要性。选项A“Why are boundaries important?(为什么界限很重要？)”可以统领本段内容。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) “WELCOME TO HELL, LADIES!” says Mr. Smith, the ____21____ of the adult ballet class. I force a smile as he presses down on my stiff (僵硬的)back, attempting to be a little more ____22____ . When I was a little girl, I ____23____ elegantly dancing across the stage like the Swan Princess. With several reasons, my hopes of taking ballet lessons were killed. But every so often, usually while watching a brilliant performance of Swan Lake, those little ____24____ of unfulfilled desire would speak up and say that I should take lessons before it’s too late. And here I am — more than 50 years — finally ____25____ for it. I’m an absolute ____26____ , but 30 years older than the rest of the participants in the adult class. We are practising “port de bras”, a ballet term for the ____27____ of the arms. I flutter (挥动)my arms, awakening my inner ____28____ , “Your hands, they look like claws of a chicken,” Mr. Smith ____29____ , “No one wants to look at that. It’s ugly.” He points his finger at various body parts while _____30_____ giving feedback, “Head up, neck long, chest proud, stomach in, back straight, bottom tight.” Every time he looks at me, I instantly know that I’ve missed something. So I take note of every previous adjustment to gain his approval. After a few sessions, I find myself looking forward to taking ballet classes with a mix of anxiety and excitement. Between classes, I _____31_____ my posture in every window I pass. I’m _____32_____ . My hands are less claw-like and my posture a little more straight. And I constantly imagine I’m on stage, holding the audience entirely in my _____33_____ . Learning ballet as an adult has been a much bigger _____34_____ than I expected, but I’m glad that I took action and that ballet still _____35_____ to me as it did when I was a little girl. 21. A. leader B. instructor C. receptionist D. representative 22. A. amused B. steady C. flexible D. comfortable 23. A. set about B. insisted on C. gave up D. dreamed of 24. A. misfortunes B. regrets C. complaints D. pressures 25. A. longing B. competing C. struggling D. applying 26. A. senior B. beginner C. amateur D. lover 27. A. stretch B. shape C. function D. movement 28. A. swan B. voice C. angel D. thought 29. A. sighs B. reminds C. criticizes D. announces 30. A. strictly B. hurriedly C. impatiently D. cautiously 31. A. design B. check C. assess D. value 32. A. progressing B. thinking C. succeeding D. waiting 33. A. energy B. power C. strength D. force 34. A. practice B. achievement C. campaign D. challenge 35. A. appeals B. attends C. anticipates D. attaches 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候梦想着学芭蕾舞，但由于种种原因，没能实现，虽然现在年纪大了，但为了不留遗憾，参加了芭蕾舞课，为了自己的梦想而努力，并取得了进步。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“欢迎来到地狱，女士们！”成人芭蕾舞班的教练史密斯先生说。A. leader领导；B. instructor教练；C. receptionist接待员；D. representative代表。根据后文““Your hands, they look like claws of a chicken,” Mr. Smith…”可知，史密斯先生在对“我们的”动作进行指导，由此可知，他是芭蕾舞班的教练。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他压在我僵硬的背上时，我强颜欢笑，试图变得更灵活一点。A. amused好笑的；B. steady稳定的；C. flexible灵活的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据句中“he presses down on my stiff back”和后文“more than 50 years”可知，“我”年纪已经很大了，身体僵硬，由此可知，当史密斯先生压在“我”僵硬的背上时，“我”想让身体更灵活一点。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我梦想着像天鹅公主一样优雅地在舞台上跳舞。A. set about开始；B. insisted on坚持；C. gave up放弃；D. dreamed of梦想。根据后文“With several reasons, my hopes of taking ballet lessons were killed.”可知，由于种种原因，“我”上芭蕾舞课的希望破灭了，由此可知，“我”想上芭蕾舞课，因为“我”梦想着像天鹅公主一样优雅地在舞台上跳舞。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有时，通常在看《天鹅湖》的精彩表演时，那些对未实现的愿望的小小的遗憾会大声地说，我应该趁现在还来得及的时候上课。A. misfortunes不幸；B. regrets遗憾；C. complaints抱怨；D. pressures压力。根据上文“With several reasons, my hopes of taking ballet lessons were killed.”可知，虽然“我”梦想着优雅地在舞台上跳舞，但由于种种原因，“我”没有上芭蕾舞课，由此可知，这对“我”来说是小小的遗憾。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在这里——50多年了——终于为之奋斗。A. longing渴望；B. competing竞争；C. struggling奋斗；D. applying申请。根据句中“And here I am”和文章内容可知，“我”开始上芭蕾舞课了，而跳芭蕾舞是“我的”梦想，由此可知，“我”在为梦想奋斗。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个绝对的初学者，比成人班的其他学员大30岁。A. senior级别较高者；B. beginner初学者；C. amateur业余爱好者；D. lover爱好者。根据上文内容可知，“我”小时候由于种种原因，没有上芭蕾舞课，为了不留遗憾，直到现在才开始上课，由此可知，“我”是一个绝对的初学者。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们正在练习“port de bras”，这是一个芭蕾术语，用于表示手臂的运动。A. stretch舒展；B. shape形状；C. function功能；D. movement运动。根据下文“I flutter (挥动) my arms”可知，“我”挥动我的手臂，由此可知，“port de bras”是芭蕾舞中一个手臂的运动。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我挥动手臂，唤醒内心的天鹅，“你的手，它们看起来像鸡爪，”史密斯先生批评道，“没人想看。它很难看。”A. swan天鹅；B. voice嗓音；C. angel天使；D. thought想法。根据文章内容可知，“我”在学习芭蕾舞，再结合上文提到的“When I was a little girl, I ____3____ elegantly dancing across the stage like the Swan Princess.”可知，“我”在模仿天鹅的动作，由此可知，“我”想唤醒内心的天鹅。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挥动手臂，唤醒内心的天鹅，“你的手，它们看起来像鸡爪，”史密斯先生批评道，“没人想看。它很难看。”A. sighs叹气；B. reminds提醒；C. criticizes批评；D. announces宣布。根据史密斯先生的话“Your hands, they look like claws of a chicken”可知，他认为学员的手看起来像鸡爪，由此可知，他在批评学员的动作。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他用手指指着身体的各个部位，同时严格地给出反馈，“抬头，脖子伸长，挺胸，收腹，背部挺直，臀部绷紧。”A. strictly严格地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据句中“Head up, neck long, chest proud, stomach in, back straight, bottom tight.”可知，史密斯先生让学员“抬头，脖子伸长，挺胸，收腹，背部挺直，臀部绷紧”，由此可知，他是严格地给出反馈。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：课间，我在经过的每扇窗户上都会检查自己的姿势。A. design设计；B. check检查；C. assess评估；D. value珍视。根据句中“my posture in every window I pass”可知，“我”是看着窗户中自己的身影，检查自己的姿势是否正确。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在进步。我的手不那么像爪子了，我的姿势更直了一些。A. progressing进步；B. thinking思考；C. succeeding成功；D. waiting等待。根据句中My hands are less claw-like and my posture a little more straight.”可知，“我的”手不那么像爪子了，姿势更直了一些，由此可知，与之前相比，“我”正在进步。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常想象我在舞台上，使观众完全被我的力量所震撼。A. energy能量；B. power能力；C. strength力量；D. force武力。根据语境可知，这里指“我”想象自己站在舞台上跳舞，观众被自己的舞蹈所震撼，“hold sb. in one’s power”意为“使某人被……的力量所震撼”。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为成年人学习芭蕾舞的挑战比我想象的要大得多，但我很高兴我采取了行动，芭蕾舞仍然像我小时候一样吸引着我。A. practice实践；B. achievement成就；C. campaign运动；D. challenge挑战。根据上文内容可知，因为年龄很大，“我”身体僵硬，动作不够灵活，由此可知，作为成年人学习芭蕾舞给“我”带来了很大挑战。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为成年人学习芭蕾舞的挑战比我想象的要大得多，但我很高兴我采取了行动，芭蕾舞仍然像我小时候一样吸引着我。A. appeals对……有吸引力；B. attends出席；C. anticipates预料；D. attaches把……固定。根据上文内容可知，当“我”还是个小女孩的时候，“我”梦想着像天鹅公主一样优雅地在舞台上跳舞，由此可知，这里指芭蕾舞仍然像“我”小时候一样吸引着我。故选A项。 第二节 (共10小题: 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lai Xuanzhi graduated from Wuhan Sports University, majoring in basketball. In 2010, the new graduate ___36___ (employ) as a PE teacher at a village school. Back then, it was challenging for him. Lacking facilities and funds, the school wasn’t set up ___37___ (hold) ordinary PE courses, such as basketball, soccer and track and field, so the ___38___ (ambition) young teacher had to shift his focus to something that was cheaper and easier to organize. He discovered rope-jumping. With it, he led the students from a village school to participate in many highly competitive international competitions. The very beginning was ___39___ first World Inter-School Rope Competition, which took place in Dubai in 2015. Lai’s team skipped through, winning 27 of the total of 28 gold ___40___ (medal). Lai watched the teens standing on the podium (领奖台) singing the national anthem with tears ___41___ (run) down their faces. It was at that moment ___42___ Lai came to realize that for students who are educated in a village school, rope-jumping could not only be part of physical education but also provide access ___43___ more opportunities. Now, Lai’s jump-rope team has over 200 members. “Children are the future of the country and the hope of the nation,” Lai says. “I hope the effort I ___44___ (put) into physical education can help them to gain a much ____45____ (bright) future.” 【答案】36. was employed 37. to hold 38. ambitious 39. the 40. medals 41. running 42. that 43. to 44. have put 45. brighter 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一位小学体育老师通过跳绳运动带领乡村学校的孩子们走向国际竞技舞台的故事。 【36题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：2010年，这位应届毕业生被聘为一所乡村学校的体育老师。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语In 2010可知，时态需用一般过去时，结合句意可知，主语the new graduate和谓语动词employ之间构成被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was employed。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于缺乏设备和资金，学校并没有开设普通的体育课程，比如篮球、足球和田径，所以这位雄心勃勃的年轻老师不得不把注意力转移到更便宜、更容易组织的项目上。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以此处应使用不定式形式作目的状语，且表示主动意义。故填to hold。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于缺乏设备和资金，学校并没有开设普通的体育课程，比如篮球、足球和田径，所以这位雄心勃勃的年轻老师不得不把注意力转移到更便宜、更容易组织的项目上。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词teacher，ambition的形容词为ambitious意为“雄心勃勃的，有野心的”符合句意。故填ambitious。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：最初是2015年在迪拜举行的第一届世界校际绳索比赛。分析句子结构可知，空后为序数词first，表示“第一届”，所以应为定冠词。故填the。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：赖的队伍跳过了比赛，赢得了28枚金牌中的27枚。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，medal为可数名词单数，空前有28修饰，所以此处应使用名词复数。故填medals。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：赖看着这些青少年站在领奖台上唱着国歌，泪流满面。分析句子结构可知，此处应为“with的复合结构”，此空处为非谓语动词作宾语补足语，run与宾语tears之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填running。 【42题详解】 考查强调句型。句意：就在那一刻，赖开始意识到，对于在乡村学校接受教育的学生来说，跳绳不仅可以成为体育教育的一部分，还可以提供更多的机会。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句型“it was…that/who…”，强调的是时间状语at that time，用that。故填that。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：就在那一刻，赖开始意识到，对于在乡村学校接受教育的学生来说，跳绳不仅可以成为体育教育的一部分，还可以提供更多的机会。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语access to，意为“……的机会或权利”符合句意。故填to。 【44题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：我希望我在体育教育上付出的努力能帮助他们获得更光明的未来。分析句子结构可知，此处为限制性定语从句谓语动词，结合句意可知，说话时事情已经发生，应用完成时态，又因为主句的时态为一般现在时，所以此空应填现在完成时态表示该动作对现在造成的影响，且与从句主语I之间为主动关系，句子主语为第一人称。故填have put。 【45题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：我希望我在体育教育上付出的努力能帮助他们获得更光明的未来。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰名词future，空前有much修饰，所以此处应使用形容词比较级brighter。故填brighter。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Charles最近对学习汉语成语很感兴趣，特来信交流。请你用英文给他回一封信，内容包括： 1. 学习成语的好处； 2. 学习成语的方法； 3. 盼望多交流。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Charles, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Charles, Knowing you are keen on Chinese idioms, I’m writing to share with you something about them. Learning Chinese idioms can help you develop a high level of competence in your communication skills. To have a better understanding of Chinese idioms, you should know how they originated, which can help you grasp them more precisely. Besides, practice makes perfect. It’s better for you to use them in the daily conversations and literary creation. I hope we can exchange ideas with each other as often as possible. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给笔友Charles写封邮件，交流学习汉语成语的好处和方法。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量现在进行时。 结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1.介绍学习成语好处； 2.建议学习成语的方法； 3.盼望多交流。 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组） be keen on Chinese idioms; develop a high level of competence; have a better understanding of; practice makes perfect;in the daily conversations and literary creation; exchange ideas with each other 第三步：连词成句 1.Knowing you are keen on Chinese idioms, I’m writing to share with you something about them. 2.Learning Chinese idioms can help you develop a high level of competence in your communication skills. 3.To have a better understanding of Chinese idioms, you should know how they originated, which can help you grasp them more precisely. 4.Besides, practice makes perfect. 5.It’s better for you to use them in the daily conversations and literary creation. 6.I hope we can exchange ideas with each other as often as possible. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表并列补充关系：Besides 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型1]Knowing you are keen on Chinese idioms, I’m writing to share with you something about them.（现在分词作状语） [高分句型2]To have a better understanding of Chinese idioms, you should know how they originated, which can help you grasp them more precisely. （不定式作目的状语以及which引导的非限定性定语从句） [高分句型3]I hope we can exchange ideas with each other as often as possible.（省略连接词that的宾语从句） 第二节 (共1 小题, 25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，’使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A Birthday Surprise I stood at the kitchen window watching Papa as he sat in the old, wooden lawn chair staring out at the lake. Ralph, his old black dog, lay on the ground at his side. Papa’s hand absently stroked (抚摩) the head of his old companion as they dreamed the dreams of old men and old dogs in the evening sun. “He does this day after day?” I asked Mama. She nodded, sadness filling her eyes. “I don’t know what to do for him. There is a strong desire in his eyes that I can’t satisfy -a desire for the past. The past can’t be brought back to the present. Once days are gone, they are gone forever,” Mama sighed. “I’m going down to talk to him,” I said. I called out to Papa and handed him a cup of coffee. “What are you and Ralph thinking about all these hours you spend out here?” I asked, “We’re not thinking,” he said softly. “We’re wishing.” I sat on the grass beside his chair. “Wishing for what?” “For the impossible, I suppose,” he sighed. “You always told me that nothing was impossible if you wanted it badly enough and were willing to work hard for it,” I reminded him. He laughed softly, but there was no amusement in the sound. “But Ralph and I have come to learn that when you reach our age, some things are actually impossible.” “Maybe I can help you. What do you want so badly?” I asked. Papa grinned (咧嘴大笑), and his eyes shone brightly at the thought of his dream becoming a reality. “Ralph and I want to fix up the old boat and go out on the lake again. We used to spend all day out on the lake, fishing, drinking beer and eating sandwiches,” Papa said. Yes, I remember. When I was young, Papa and Ralph often enjoyed themselves on the lake on weekends. They’d start for home when the sun went down, totally satisfied with themselves and with life. Now, Papa was almost eighty-five years old and had a heart condition, so Mama was horrified by the idea of him going out on the lake again at first. But eventually I managed to convince her. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After Mama agreed, I persuaded my friends to join in my secret plan. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the day of Papa’s birthday, we were all eager to give him a surprise. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version After Mama agreed, I persuaded my friends to join in my secret plan. I decided to fix up the old boat. The boat didn’t fall apart, and the paint had faded and cracked. We spent several weekends repairing and painting the boat. I replaced the faded and cracked seat cushions while my friends repaired the motor. We expected Papa to be proud of the boat a s he and Ralph went out on the lake again. Tired as we were, we were happy to complete the restoration. I wouldn’t let off the secret until Papa’s birthday. Then came the day and we were all eager to give him a surprise. He could hardly believe his eyes when we showed him the new boat. Then we said “Happy birthday” to him in chorus, and he was so touched that tears blurred his eyes. After that, we put sandwiches and dog biscuits on it while Mama also bought Papa a new hat. Soon, we all stood by the lake and watched as Papa and Ralph sailed away, Papa waving and laughing. Seeing him so happy, I felt that everything I did for him was rewarding. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者为了让父亲开心，于是和朋友一起把父亲的旧船修好，让父亲可以和朋友出海，父亲也非常感动。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“妈妈同意后，我说服我的朋友们加入我的秘密计划。”可知，第一段可描写作者和朋友修理船的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“到了那天，我们都迫不及待地想给他一个惊喜”可知，第二段可描写父亲看到惊喜的反应。 2.续写线索：开始修理船——完成修复工作——给父亲惊喜——父亲感动——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①看到：see/spot ②修理：repair/fix up ③完成：complete/finish 情绪类 ①高兴：happy/glad ②值得的：rewarding/worthy 【点睛】[高分句型1] Tired as we were, we were happy to complete the restoration. (运用了as引导的让步状语从句的半倒装结构) [高分句型2] Seeing him so happy, I felt that everything I did for him was rewarding. (运用了现在分词作状语、that引导的宾语从句以及省略关系代词that的定语从句修饰先行词everything ) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$