精品解析：江苏省南京市第九中学2024-2025学年高一上学期教学质量调研（一）英语试题

2024-2025学年度高一年级第一学期教学质量调研（一） 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上指定位置，在其他位置作答一律无效。 3. 本卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is the letter now? A. In the living room. B. In the bedroom. C. In the kitchen. 2. What will the speakers do tomorrow? A. Go for a run. B. Play tennis. C. Cook their lunch together. 3. What’s the reason for the man to get the car for the woman? A. She has hurt her foot. B. She has a broken shoe. C. She’s changing her shoes. 4. What is the man unable to decide? A. When to go to France. B. Which language to study. C. What to do in his free time. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Waiter and customer. B. Manager and cook. C. Husband and wife. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the woman planning to leave the party early? A. She will meet friends. B. She will write a report. C. She will play tennis the next day. 7. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. In a bar. C. In a restaurant. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the woman offer to help the man? A. He cannot walk. B. He has a heavy bag. C. He broke his walking stick. 9. Where is the man’s house? A. Opposite a park. B. Next to a school. C. Across from a flower shop. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How is the woman feeling? A. Excited. B. Sorry. C. Sad. 11. What does the man encourage the woman to do? A. Join a group. B. Keep trying. C. Go for another role. 12. How long did the man wait for the lead role? A. One year. B. Two years. C. Three years. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the man come to the talk about Maryport? A. He has a project about it. B. His family lived around there. C. He wants to learn American history. 14. Where does the man live? A. In Cambria. B. In Boston. C. In Maryport. 15. When should the woman visit Boston according to the man? A. In spring. B. In autumn. C. In winter. 16. What has caused difficulties for the man’s team? A. The sea. B. The public. C. The weather. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the main topic of the talk? A. The benefits of computers. B. The importance of books. C. The art of learning. 18. What can reading help children develop according to the speaker? A. Their writing talent. B. Their social skills. C. Their imagination. 19. Why are libraries magical places for children without books? A. They’ll become heroes in real life. B. They’ll get better grades in school. C. They’ll find a new world through reading books. 20. What does the speaker suggest people do to support their local library? A. Donate some money. B. Work as a volunteer. C. Give away some books. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Online events are virtual and highly interactive, where people come together to learn and have a good time on the web. Find an online event to enjoy. No matter what you’ re looking for, there’s one that’s just right for you. ·Chocolate Donuts- Free Workshop Organizer: BAKE IT UP! & Lorena Price: Free Time: 3:00 pm — 4:30 pm, March 10 Join me and learn how to make this super easy dessert. These chocolate donuts baked with a cake y texture (口感) are soft and of course delicious. Dipped (蘸) in some chocolate, these donuts will be just the perfect gift for your friends or family! The workshop will be live on Facebook & Instagram. ·Sweet Dreams PJ Party Organizer: Secret Dance Addiction Price: Free Time: 9:00 pm — 12:00 pm, March 9 Feel healthier, more energetic and more alive as you rediscover what it means to DREAM with an expert- led session on the power of rest. Recharge your batteries and then dance yourself into a dream state with an exciting dance party. Wear your pajamas (睡衣). This is a PJ party, after all! ·Chamber Music Concert Organizer: Sands Films Music Room Price: Free Time: 4:00 pm — 6:00 pm, March 8 As spring brings hope of warmer days, Sands Films celebrates International Woman’s Day with a program of music from women composers (作曲家) inspired by the spirit of the Belle Epoque. 1. What can you do if you join the Chocolate Donuts event? A. Get a chocolate donut for free. B. Learn how to make chocolate donuts. C. Share your experience of making donuts. D. Make friends with people who love chocolate donuts. 2. What is the main purpose of the “Sweet Dreams PJ Party”? A To teach baking skills. B. To host a dance competition. C. To contribute to healthy sleep habits. D. To celebrate International Women’s Day. 3. What is the common feature of the three events? A. They are all free of charge. B. They all involve physical activities. C. They all take place during the daytime. D. They are all related to food and drinks. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三个有趣的免费在线活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据•Chocolate Donuts- Free Workshop中“Join me and learn how to make this super easy dessert. These chocolate donuts baked with a cake y texture are soft and of course delicious.”（和我一起学习如何制作这个超级简单的甜点。这些巧克力甜甜圈烤得像蛋糕一样柔软，当然也很美味。）可知，如果你参加巧克力甜甜圈活动，你能学习如何做巧克力甜甜圈。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据•Sweet Dreams PJ Party 中“Feel healthier, more energetic and more alive as you rediscover what it means to DREAM with an expert- led session on the power of rest. Recharge your batteries and then dance yourself into a dream state with an exciting dance party.”（在专家主持的关于休息的力量的会议中，当你重新发现做梦的意义时，你会感觉更健康、更有活力、更有活力。给自己充电，然后参加一场令人兴奋的舞会，让自己进入梦幻状态。）可推知，“甜蜜之梦PJ派对”的主要目的是促进健康的睡眠习惯。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据这三个活动中共同的信息Price: Free（价格：免费）可知，这三个活动的共同特点是都是免费的。故选A项。 B My breakout fashion moment happened in the fourth grade. On this particular day, I was really feeling myself. I pulled on wildly colorful tights (紧身衣) and a black ruffled (有褶边的) skirt, followed by a light green T-shirt with dark purple dots. Then I added my final touch… a pair of yellow rain boots. I climbed onto the school bus, smiling and feeling like a total star. But when I got off the bus, my friend John looked me up and down and said, “What are you wearing!?” Everyone turned and looked at me, and I was discouraged. To be fair, John wasn’t trying to be mean. He was just shocked. But while my ego (自尊) took a minute to recover, a rebellious (叛逆的) voice in the back of my mind said, “No, I’m not showing up like everyone else.” Style has always lit me up and felt key to my life on this planet. And through all my years, that little voice has remained. “I’m not showing up like everyone else.” But the truth is, it isn’t about clothes. It’s about a powerful need to be accepted by the world as my true self. Personal style isn’t about being rebellious in order to draw attention. It is deeply rooted in a desire to be seen, not looked at, to be taken in as a whole and unique person by others. But somehow, society can fall short of honoring and understanding this. There is a saying that states, “To be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to make you into something else is the greatest achievement.” When it comes to style and clothes, this world very much has ideas on the “something else” we should be. Wear the clothes you love. Let others do the same and accept the fact that in our short time here in this life together, it’s a beautiful honor to be human kaleidoscopes (万花筒). 4. What does the underlined word “mean” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Unkind. B. Anxious. C. Tough. D. Concerned. 5. What is the main message the author wants to express about personal style? A. It is important to dress in a rebellious way to attract attention. B. Clothing choices are not important as long as one is true to oneself. C. Society would never approve and understand everyone’s fashion choices. D. Personal style is rooted in the desire to be fully and uniquely seen by others. 6. Why does the author quote a saying in Paragraph 6? A. To argue readers into following the footsteps of the others. B. To prove it is challenging to stay true to oneself in today’s society. C. To encourage readers to make continuous efforts to move forward. D. To strengthen the idea that one should try to change himself to fit in. 7. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. A Unique Childhood Fashion Incident B. The Importance of Being Different in Fashion C. The Way to Create a Bold and Unique Fashion Style D. The Journey of Self-Acceptance Through Personal Style 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述作者四年级时的一次时尚选择及其引发的内心感受和外界反应，展现了个人风格与自我认同的重要性。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章划线单词上文“But when I got off the bus, my friend John looked me up and down and said, “What are you wearing!?”(但当我下车时，我的朋友John上下打量着我，问道：“你穿的是什么啊？！”)”以及划线单词下文“He was just shocked.(他只是感到震惊。)”可知，约翰并不想刻薄。所以mean为“不友善；不和善的”之意。选项A“Unkind (不和善的)”；选项B“Anxious (焦虑的)”；选项C“Tough (强硬的)”；选项D“Concerned (担忧的)”。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“But the truth is, it isn’t about clothes. It’s about a powerful need to be accepted by the world as my true self. Personal style isn’t about being rebellious in order to draw attention. It is deeply rooted in a desire to be seen, not looked at, to be taken in as a whole and unique person by others.(但事实是，这不仅仅关乎衣服。这是关于我作为真实的自我被这个世界接受的强烈需求。个人风格不是为了吸引注意力而叛逆，它深深植根于一种渴望，即被别人看作一个完整而独特的人，而不仅仅是被注视。)”可知，作者认为个人风格不仅仅是关于穿着打扮，更是关于作为一个真实、独特的人被世界接受和看到的渴望。虽然衣服是表达个人风格的一种方式，但更重要的是通过个人风格来展现自己的独特性和真实性。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第六段“But somehow, society can fall short of honoring and understanding this. There is a saying that states, “To be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to make you into something else is the greatest achievement.” When it comes to style and clothes, this world very much has ideas on the “something else” we should be.(但不知何故，社会在这方面往往缺乏尊重和理解。有一句话说：“在一个总是试图把你变成另一个样子的世界里保持自我，是最大的成就。”当谈到风格和衣服时，这个世界对我们“应该成为的样子”有着很多想法。)”可知，作者通过引用这句谚语想要强调的是在当今社会保持真实自我是很难的，因为社会往往有既定的期望和标准，而个体需要努力才能不被这些外部因素所影响，保持真实的自我。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“My breakout fashion moment happened in the fourth grade.(我的时尚突破时刻发生在四年级。)”、最后一段“Wear the clothes you love. Let others do the same and accept the fact that in our short time here in this life together, it’s a beautiful honor to be human kaleidoscopes(万花筒).(穿你喜欢的衣服。也让别人这样做，并接受这样一个事实：在我们短暂的一生中，能够成为人类万花筒是一种美丽的荣耀。)”以及全文内容可知，文章从作者小时候的一次时尚选择出发，探讨了个人风格与自我认同之间的关系，强调了被世界接受为真实自我的重要性，并最终呼吁人们穿自己喜欢的衣服，接受自己作为人类万花筒的荣耀。选项D“The Journey of Self- Acceptance Through Personal Style(通过个人风格的自我接纳之旅)”准确地概括了文章的主题，即通过个人风格实现自我接受的过程。最能体现文章的核心内容和主旨。故选D。 C We are now having face- to- face chats with friends instead of talking online. But have you ever been in a conversation that you wish you could run away from? Scientists have proved that you might not be alone. A research team surveyed 806 participants (参与者) about a recent conversation they had with someone close to them. The participants were asked about the actual length and their expected length of the conversation and how long they thought the other person wanted to talk for. About one-third of the conversation length was unwanted, according to the team’s paper published in the journal PNAS. Also, more participants believed that they wanted to end the conversation first. On average, they continued talking for 3.87 minutes before they found that the other speaker wished the same thing. Situations are similar when it comes to strangers. Only about 1.6 percent of the conversations ended when both parties wanted them to. The paper pointed out that when they talk to strangers, what makes people “mask their desires” may be their politeness. When talking to close friends and family, it may be their kindness as ending the chat too soon may hurt the other’s feelings. So, what is the best way to end a conversation? Saying you only have a certain amount of time to talk at the start of the chat is a good place to start. “Remember conversations don’t end because people don’t know when the other person wants to go,” Adam Mastroianni who led the study told the Inverse website. You should make your partner feel good about the end of the chat by “clearly communicating that you had a nice time and would like to talk again”. Mastroianni also suggested that the difficulty in ending conversations may be a “coordination (协调) problem”. It’s hard to tell your grandma you want to get off the phone just because you want the conversation to be over, for example. However, in some ways, this dilemma (困境) may not be a bad thing. People need social connections, and conversation is a good way to make these connections happen. 8. What did the researchers find out in their survey? A. Most conversations ended when both speakers wanted. B. Nearly half of the length of conversations was unwanted. C. Ending conversations with strangers was easier than with friends. D. Many people want to escape the conversation longer than they expect. 9. Why do people tend to hide their desire to end the conversation with strangers? A. To show their politeness. B. To gain social connections. C. To avoid hurting others’ feelings. D. To make the conversation last longer. 10. According to Adam Mastroianni, what is an effective way to end a conversation? A. Saying goodbye immediately. B. Clearly communicating your desire. C. Expressing your eagerness to talk again. D. Reminding the other of your limited time. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the dilemma of ending conversations? A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现很多人在聊天时都会有想要结束谈话的想法，但还是会坚持尬聊一会儿，分析了其原因并给出了结束对话的建议。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Also, more participants believed that they wanted to end the conversation first. On average, they continued talking for 3.87 minutes before they found that the other speaker wished the same thing.(此外，更多的参与者认为他们想先结束谈话。平均来说，在他们发现另一个说话者希望同样的事情之前，他们继续说了3.87分钟)”可推测出，许多人想逃避谈话的时间比他们预期的要长。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The paper pointed out that when they talk to strangers, what makes people “mask their desires” may be their politeness.(论文指出，当人们与陌生人交谈时，让人们“掩饰欲望”的可能是他们的礼貌)”可知，人们在与陌生人交谈时倾向于隐藏他们想要结束对话的欲望是为了表示礼貌，故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“You should make your partner feel good about the end of the chat by “clearly communicating that you had a nice time and would like to talk again”. (你应该让你的伴侣在谈话结束时感觉良好，“清楚地表达你过得很愉快，想再谈谈”。)”可知，你应该表达你想下次再聊的愿望，让对方对结束聊天感到满意。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, in some ways, this dilemma (困境) may not be a bad thing. People need social connections, and conversation is a good way to make these connections happen.(然而，在某些方面，这种困境可能不是一件坏事。人们需要社会联系，而交谈是建立这些联系的好方法)”可知，作者对结束对话的困境持积极态度，故选B。 D As summer gives way to autumn, many of us long for warmth and sunlight. It is common for some of us to feel upset when the days get shorter. People call this phenomenon autumn sadness. While autumn sadness is a common seasonal feeling we have as sunlight comes in shorter supply, for some people, it takes on a more serious form known as seasonal affective disorder, or SAD. SAD, a form of depression (抑郁症), mostly starts in late autumn or early winter and goes away in spring and summer. People who have SAD typically oversleep, overeat, and lose interest in activities they once enjoyed. Generally, almost all people suffering from SAD feel sad, helpless, and even desperate. The exact cause of SAD is not yet completely understood, but several factors have been linked to its development. Johns Hopkins University suggests that reduced exposure (接触) to natural light during the autumn and winter months may disrupt the body’s internal clock and the hormones (荷尔蒙) produced, such as melatonin (褪黑素) and serotonin (血清素), which are related to sleep and emotions, respectively. This disruption can lead to depression. Addressing SAD often requires medical help. Light therapy is a common and effective treatment. Patients are advised to expose themselves to sunlight or man-made light that imitates natural sunlight. Light therapy can help regulate patients’ hormones and get their lives back on track. Moreover, living a healthier life, such as maintaining a regular sleep schedule, taking part in regular physical activity, and having a balanced diet, can help manage SAD. But it’s also important that people seek help from a medical professional to determine the most suitable treatment plan for their specific needs. It is worth noticing that, according to the National Institute of Mental Health of the US, in most cases, SAD begins in young adulthood. So, while embracing (接受) knowledge in books and classes, don’t forget to embrace the sunlight outdoors and get energy from nature! 12. What do we know about SAD? A. It usually starts in early autumn. B. It can lead to long- term depression. C. Its main symptoms include feeling sad. D. It is most commonly found in older people. 13. According to Johns Hopkins University, what is a possible cause of SAD? A. An unbalanced diet. B. A lack of sunlight. C. An irregular sleep schedule. D. A lack of physical exercise. 14. What do paragraphs 5 and 6 mainly talk about? A. How people can deal with SAD. B. What people with SAD have in common. C. Who people with SAD can turn to for help. D. Why medical help is needed for people with SAD. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Young adults are the only group affected by SAD. B. Embracing nature’s sunlight is enough to prevent SAD. C. It’s important for young adults to take outdoor activities. D. It’s never too late to embrace the beauty that nature offers. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了季节性情绪失调（SAD）这一心理现象，包括其症状、可能的成因、治疗方法以及预防建议。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“People who have SAD typically oversleep, overeat, and lose interest in activities they once enjoyed. Generally, almost all people suffering from SAD feel sad, helpless, and even desperate.(患有SAD的人通常会睡过头，吃得过饱，对曾经喜欢的活动失去兴趣。一般来说，几乎所有患有SAD的人都会感到悲伤、无助，甚至绝望)”可知，SAD的主要症状包括悲伤，故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Johns Hopkins University suggests that reduced exposure (接触) to natural light during the autumn and winter months may disrupt the body’s internal clock and the hormones (荷尔蒙) produced, such as melatonin (褪黑素) and serotonin (血清素), which are related to sleep and emotions, respectively. This disruption can lead to depression.(约翰霍普金斯大学认为，秋冬季节减少自然光照射可能会扰乱人体的生物钟和产生的激素，如褪黑激素和血清素，这两种激素分别与睡眠和情绪有关。这种混乱会导致抑郁)”可知，约翰斯·霍普金斯大学认为SAD的一个可能原因是缺乏阳光，故选B。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Addressing SAD often requires medical help. Light therapy is a common and effective treatment.(解决SAD通常需要医疗帮助。光疗是一种常见而有效的治疗方法)”以及第六段“Moreover, living a healthier life, such as maintaining a regular sleep schedule, taking part in regular physical activity, and having a balanced diet, can help manage SAD.(此外，过健康的生活，如保持有规律的睡眠时间，参加有规律的体育活动，均衡的饮食，可以帮助控制SAD)”可知，第五段和第六段主要讲的是人们如何应对SAD，故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is worth noticing that, according to the National Institute of Mental Health of the US, in most cases, SAD begins in young adulthood. So, while embracing (接受) knowledge in books and classes, don’t forget to embrace the sunlight outdoors and get energy from nature!(值得注意的是，根据美国国家心理健康研究所的数据，在大多数情况下，SAD始于成年初期。所以，在书本和课堂上接受知识的同时，别忘了拥抱户外的阳光，从大自然中获取能量！)”可推断出，对年轻人来说，参加户外活动很重要，故选C。 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In an air-conditioned office, you may see men with sporting shorts while their female co-workers wear jackets to keep warm. Why do women feel cold more easily than men? The accepted answer is that men and women feel temperature differently. ___16___ One of the key factors of the metabolic (新陈代谢的) rate is our muscles. Generally speaking, men have more muscles than women, leading to a higher metabolic rate. ___17___ As a result, men, on average, do not feel cold as easily as women. Yes, women and men have physical differences. But why is it women, in most cases, who feel more uncomfortable in a room set to a “comfortable” temperature? The answer lies in the data bias (数据偏见) behind the model of temperature setting in buildings. In a 2015 article in the journal Nature, Boris Kingma, a human thermal performance researcher in the Netherlands, pointed out that most office buildings set the temperature in light of a model based on men’s metabolic rate. ___18___ In other words, temperatures for comfort in office buildings are mainly comfortable for men, not women. In his article, Kingma called for the end of this so-called “bias in thermal comfort”. ___19___ In her book, Caroline Perez gave more examples in which women were ignored (忽视) in data collecting for scientific and technological research and design. Women are more likely to die from a serious car accident because a car’s safety equipment is designed for the typical body of a man. The medicine aspirin shows better performance in men since it was developed on data collected mostly from males. ___20___ A. It means that more heat is created. B. This is just one example of data bias. C. Our bodies produce heat through metabolism. D. Female data were not considered when setting the model. E. Usually, the men feel more comfortable under such temperatures. F. Therefore, men usually don’t feel cold in an air- conditioned office. G. Women, who form half of the world’s population, seem to be ignored in these cases. 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在科学技术研究开发的产品设计数据收集中，男性和女性因为身体的差异，产生的数据偏差的几个例子。 【16题详解】 根据下文“One of the key factors of the metabolic（新陈代谢的）rate is our muscles.”（新陈代谢率的关键因素之一是我们的肌肉。）可知，此处讲的是新陈代谢率的相关内容。由此可知，空格处内容应为引出新陈代谢这一话题。C项“Our bodies produce heat through metabolism.（我们的身体通过新陈代谢产生热量。）”符合此推断，和下文内容紧密连接，符合语境。故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Generally speaking, men have more muscles than women, leading to a higher metabolic rate.”（一般来说，男性比女性有更多的肌肉，导致更高的新陈代谢率。）可知，选项承接上文继续解释新陈代谢和热量的关系。A项“It means that more heat is created.（这意味着会产生更多的热量。）”承接上文，说明新陈代谢会产生更高的热量，符合语境。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“In a 2015 article in the journal Nature, Boris Kingma, a human thermal performance researcher in the Netherlands, pointed out that most office buildings set the temperature in light of a model based on men’s metabolic rate.”（在2015年发表在《自然》（Nature）杂志上的一篇文章中，荷兰人体热性能研究员鲍里斯·金玛（Boris Kingma）指出，大多数办公楼都是根据男性代谢率的模型来设定温度的。）可知，提到大多数办公楼都是根据男性代谢率的模型来设定温度的，而不是根据女性数据来设定的。D项“Female data were not considered when setting the model.（在建立模型时未考虑女性数据。）”符合语境。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“In her book, Caroline Perez gave more examples in which women were ignored（忽视）in data collecting for scientific and technological research and design.”（卡洛琳·佩雷斯在她的书中列举了更多女性在科学技术研究和设计数据收集中被忽视的例子。）可知，讲的是列举了更多女性在科学技术研究和设计数据收集中被忽视的例子。结合B项”This is just one example of data bias.（这只是数据偏差的一个例子。）“可知，下文是对空格处内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。符合语境。故选B项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“The medicine aspirin shows better performance in men since it was developed on data collected mostly from males.”（阿司匹林在男性中表现更好，因为它是根据主要从男性收集的数据开发的。）可知，提到阿司匹林是根据主要从男性收集的数据开发的，所以选项要说明实际上忽略了女性的相关数据。G项”Women, who form half of the world’s population, seem to be ignored in these cases.（占世界人口一半的妇女在这些情况下似乎被忽视了。）“符合语境。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分55分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Why did she spill the beans?” I thought regretfully. I’ll always remember that day, when I was so surprised by all the ___21___ looks everyone was giving me. I couldn’t believe I would lose the friendship of the person I ___22___ the most. Five years back, we ___23___ as classmates, but after a few months, we were like best friends. So, I never expected her to ___24___ me in such a big way. I don’t know what made me tell Sally about my personal ___25___. She made the matter bigger than it was, adding her own ___26___ and telling everyone at school. It was like someone had stabbed me in the ___27___. After she ___28___ my secrets, everyone at school started laughing at me. After this terrible situation, I ___29___ schools. Sally ___30___ me many times, but I didn’t answer. My heart was broken. I tried hard to ___31___ from the suffering I experienced. I started a new school life. But one day five years later, I met Anna at the market. She was my classmate from 3rd grade. She told me that Sally wasn’t the one who ___32___ my secrets to light. Mary was. I was all at a loss. I wished I could have asked Sally about this. I wished I could go back in time and ___33___ my mistakes. From that, I learned a life ___34___ that we should trust those we love because one little mistake could ___35___ damage our lives. 21. A. friendly B. satisfied C. strange D. anxious 22. A. trusted B. desired C. attracted D. reminded 23. A. acted B. started C. played D. gathered 24. A. pressed B. challenged C. angered D. hurt 25. A. income B. effort C. life D. effect 26. A. details B. proposals C. figures D. performances 27. A. back B. head C. neck D. foot 28. A. gave up B. gave in C. gave off D. gave away 29. A. escaped B. changed C. skipped D. attended 30. A. reminded B. alarmed C. called D. visited 31. A. improve B. think C. draw D. recover 32. A. brought B. took C. carried D. fetched 33. A. exchange B. rate C. fix D. argue 34. A. experience B. course C. knowledge D. lesson 35. A. hardly B. really C. mentally D. slowly 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者误会是曾经的好友泄露了自己的秘密，而一直不肯原谅对方，后来当得知真相后，作者才意识到了自己所犯的错误。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我永远记得那一天，每个人都用奇怪的目光看着我，我感到很惊讶。A. friendly友好的；B. satisfied满足的；C. strange奇怪的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据后文“everyone at school started laughing at me (学校每个人开始嘲笑我)”可知，每个人都用奇怪的目光看着作者。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不敢相信我会失去我最信任的人的友谊。A. trusted信任；B. desired渴望；C. attracted吸引；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“we should trust those we love”此处指最信任的人。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：五年前，我们刚开始是同学，但几个月后，我们就像最好的朋友一样。A. acted行动；B. started开始；C. played玩耍；D. gathered聚集。根据上文“Five years back, we”可知，五年前她们以同学的身份开始认识彼此。故选B。 24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我从没想过她会如此伤害我。A. pressed按压；B. challenged挑战；C. angered生气；D. hurt伤害。根据后文可知，作者以为她泄露了自己的秘密，伤害了自己。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道是什么让我把我的个人生活告诉了莎莉。A. income收入；B. effort努力；C. life生活；D. effect影响。根据上文“I don’t know what made me tell Sally about my personal”以及作者被嘲笑，推测告知了自己的私生活。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把事情夸大了，加上她自己的细节，告诉学校里的每个人。A. details细节；B. proposals建议；C. figures人物；D. performances表现。根据上文“She made the matter bigger than it was, adding her own”可知，作者以为莎莉把事情夸大了，加上她自己的细节，告诉学校里的每个人。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像有人在我背后捅了一刀。A. back后背；B. head头；C. neck脖子；D. foot脚。根据上文“It was like someone had stabbed me in the”可知，朋友的行为就像背后捅刀子。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她泄露了我的秘密后，学校里的每个人都开始嘲笑我。A. gave up放弃；B. gave in屈服；C. gave off发出；D. gave away泄露。根据后文“my secrets, everyone at school started laughing at me”可知，朋友泄露了作者的秘密，让作者被同学嘲笑。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这种可怕的情况下，我逃离了学校。A. escaped逃走；B. changed改变；C. skipped跳跃；D. attended参加。根据上文“After this terrible situation”可知，作者被嘲笑而逃学了。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：莎莉给我打了很多次电话，但我没有接。A. reminded提醒；B. alarmed报警；C. called打电话；D. visited拜访。根据后文“me many times, but I didn’t answer”以及上文作者逃学，可知莎莉打电话联系作者。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力从我所经历的痛苦中恢复过来。A. improve改善；B. think思考；C. draw绘画；D. recover恢复。根据后文“from the suffering I experienced”指作者努力从所经历的痛苦中恢复过来。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我莎莉不是那个揭露我秘密的人。A. brought带来；B. took带走；C. carried携带；D. fetched取来。根据后文“Mary was. I was all at a loss. I wished I could have asked Sally about this. (是玛丽。我完全不知所措。我真希望我能问莎莉这件事。)”可知，莎莉不是那个泄密的人，此处为短语bring sth. to light表示“揭露”。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我能回到过去改正我的错误。A. exchange交换；B. rate评价；C. fix改正；D. argue争论。根据后文“mistakes”指改正错误应用fix。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我学到了人生的一课，我们应该相信我们所爱的人，因为一个小小的错误几乎不会破坏我们的生活。A. experience经历；B. course课程；C. knowledge知识；D. lesson教训。后文“that we should trust those we love because one little mistake could”是作者从这件事中学到的教训，要信任我们所爱的人。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我学到了人生的一课，我们应该相信我们所爱的人，因为一个小小的错误几乎不会破坏我们的生活。A. hardly几乎不；B. really真地；C. mentally心理地；D. slowly缓慢地。根据上文“we should trust those we love because one little mistake could”可知，应该信任我们所爱的人，因为一个小小的错误几乎不会破坏我们的生活。故选A。 第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 根据提示，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 36. I missed my train, but ______ (fortunate), there was another one leaving in an hour. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】fortunately 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：我错过了火车，但幸运的是，一个小时后还有一班。空处需用副词fortunately“幸运的是”，作状语，修饰but后的句子。故填fortunately。 37. Achieving academic excellence is admirable, but of equal importance ______(be) developing a strong sense of social responsibility. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：取得优异的学业成绩令人钦佩，但同样重要的是培养强烈的社会责任感。空格处所在部分是部分倒装，主语是动名词短语developing a strong sense of social responsibility，由前面的is可知，句子时态是一般现在时，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，因此空格处是is。故填is。 38. The article he wrote ______(base) on interviews with several experts in the field. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was based 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：他写的这篇文章是基于对该领域几位专家的采访。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，主语The article与 base为被动关系，且这里时态应与定语从句中wrote保持一致，用一般过去时表示过去情况。故填was based。 39. Learning a new language can be ______(challenge), but it’s also a great way to broaden your horizons. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】challenging 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：学习一门新语言可能很有挑战性，但它也是拓宽视野的好方法。空格处用形容词作表语，challenge的形容词是challenging，意为“有挑战性的”。故填challenging。 40. So nervous was he ______ he forgot his speech during the presentation. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查结果状语从句和倒装。句意：他太紧张了，以至于在演讲时忘记了演讲。根据“So nervous was he”可知，本句是so...that...引导的结果状语从句的倒装结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，因此空格处是that，故填that。 41. Time management is the key to ______ (balance) work and personal life. (所给词适当形式填空) 【答案】balancing 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：时间管理是平衡工作和个人生活的关键。the key to…意为“……的关键”，to是介词，后接动名词-ing形式。故填balancing。 42. Her voice has ______ unique quality that sets her apart from other singers. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：她的声音有一种独特的品质，使她有别于其他歌手。此处quality为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 43. Learning effective study ______（technique）helped me improve my grades significantly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】techniques 【解析】 【详解】考查名词复数形式。句意：学习有效的学习技巧帮助我显著提高了成绩。technique是名词，意为“技巧，技能”，是可数名词，根据句意可知，“有效的学习技巧”应该不止一种，所以应该用名词的复数形式。故填techniques。 44. People who have similar opinions or ways of thinking see eye to eye ______ many things. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】on 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：有相似观点或思维方式的人在很多事情上看法一致。see eye to eye on sth.意为“在……上看法一致”。故填on。 45. The journey was long, ______ the view from the top of the mountain was worth it. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】but 【解析】 【详解】考查并列连词。句意：旅途漫长，但山顶的景色是值得的。结合题意，本句前后表示转折关系，应用连词but连接。故填but。 第三节 翻译句子（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分） 按要求用必修一 Unit1-2所学的词汇、短语、句式翻译下列句子。 46. 如果我们竭尽全力，我们就能有所作为。（make a difference）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】If we do our best, we can make a difference. 【解析】 【详解】考查条件状语从句，时态，主谓一致和固定短语。“如果我们竭尽全力”用if引导的条件状语从句，表客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“竭尽全力”是do our best，主语we是复数，do用原形，“我们就能”是we can，“有所作为”是make a difference，make用原形，因此整句话翻译为“If we do our best, we can make a difference”。故答案为If we do our best, we can make a difference. 47. 无法轻松应对压力与焦虑（anxiety）是完全正常。（struggle with）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is completely normal to struggle with the stress and anxiety. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和固定句式。“做某事是完全正常的”为it is completely normal to do sth, it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。“应对压力与焦虑”为struggle with the stress and anxiety。故翻译为：It is completely normal to struggle with the stress and anxiety. 48. 你可以浏览（look through）这些文章来找到解决你问题的建议。（不定式作目的状语）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】You can look through these articles to find advice on solving your problem.   【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词、非谓语动词、固定短语。表示“你”用you，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。表示“可以”用情态动词can，表示“浏览”用look through，位于can后，用动词原形。表示“这些文章”用these articles，作宾语。表示“找到”用find，用不定式，作目的状语。表示“建议”用advice，作find的宾语。表示“关于”用介词on，表示“解决”用solve，用动名词，作on的宾语。表示“你的问题”用your problem，作solving的宾语，故翻译为You can look through these articles to find advice on solving your problem. 49. 我很高兴有机会体验这种不同的生活方式。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I’m glad to have the chance to experience this different way of life. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。根据句意可知，句子时态用一般现在时，表示现在的事实，“我很高兴做某事”是I’m glad to do sth.，“有机会做某事”是have the chance to do，“体验”是experience，用原形，“这种不同的生活方式”是this different way of life，因此整句话翻译为I’m glad to have the chance to experience this different way of life. 50. 我发现数学很简单，很有趣，因为教材难度没那么高（less advanced）。（find+宾+补）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I found maths quite easy and enjoyable because the material was less advanced. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定结构和时态。主语为I；此处为find+宾语+宾补结构，maths作宾语；表示“很简单，很有趣”为quite easy and enjoyable；because引导原因状语从句，主语为the material；表示“难度没那么高”翻译为less advanced。为一般过去时。故翻译为I found maths quite easy and enjoyable because the material was less advanced. 51. 我希望我的父母能更灵活一些，这样我就可以在自己的空闲时间里做出自己的选择。（… so that …）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I wish my parents would be more flexible so that I could make my own choices in my own free time. 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句，形容词和目的状语从句。“我希望”是I wish，其后跟that引导的宾语从句，可省略that，“我的父母”是my parents，“能更灵活一些”是would be more flexible，“这样”是so that，引导目的状语从句，“我就可以”是I could，“在自己的空闲时间里”是in my own free time，“做出自己的选择”是make my own choices，因此整句话翻译为I wish my parents would be more flexible so that I could make my own choices in my own free time. 52. 你们自己要肩负起发挥自身巨大潜能的责任。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】You must shoulder the responsibility of unleashing your enormous potential on your own. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、动名词、介词短语和情态动词。根据句意以及句子结构可知，表示“肩负责任”应为动词短语shoulder the responsibility；表示“……的”为介词of，后接动名词短语作宾语，表示“发挥自身巨大潜能”应为动词短语unleash your enormous potential；表示“靠自己”应为介词短语on your own；表示“必须”为情态动词must。故翻译为：You must shoulder the responsibility of unleashing your enormous potential on your own. 53. 随着时间的推移，日常的小习惯可以引起生活中的重大改变。（the small daily habits）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Over time, the small daily habits can cause major changes in your life. 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语、名词短语和动词短语。根据句意以及句子的提示词组可知，表示“随着时间的推移”应为介词短语Over time；表示“日常的小习惯”应为名词短语the small daily habits；表示“引起生活中的重大改变”应为动词短语cause major changes in your life。故翻译为：Over time, the small daily habits can cause major changes in your life. 54. 他们就最佳解决方案进行了激烈的争论。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】They had a heated argument about the best solution. 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词和时态。“就……进行了激烈的争论”是固定短语have a heated argument about，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，have用过去式had，“最佳解决方案”是the best solution，因此整句话翻译为“They had a heated argument about the best solution”。故答案为They had a heated argument about the best solution. 55. 我真的很期待下个月的假期。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I’m really looking forward to my vacation next month. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，固定短语和主谓一致。“期待”是固定短语look forward to，“真的很”用副词really，句子描述现在的事实，时态用现在进行时，主语是I，be动词用am，“下个月的假期”是my vacation next month，因此整句话翻译为“I’m really looking forward to my vacation next month”。故答案为I’m really looking forward to my vacation next month. 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 56. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack听说中国正在实行“双减”政策，来信询问新政策下中国的中学生应如何规划自己的学习和课余生活。请根据以下要点给他回信，内容包括： 1. 你的规划及建议； 2. 你对该政策的感想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear Jack, I’m writing to share with you my thoughts on how to arrange our academic and extracurricular activities under the policy of “double- lightening the burden”. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jack, I’m writing to share with you my thoughts on how to arrange our academic and extracurricular activities under the policy of “double- lightening the burden”. Firstly, make full use of the time at school. Concentrating on our lessons and solving all the problems in time can help us better manage our time. Secondly, finish homework effectively, which helps us develop the ability of being attentive. Lastly, take up some healthy and meaningful hobbies to enrich our after-school life and gain some useful life skills. Hopefully, the policy will relieve our study pressure, helping us grow up healthily and happily. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给你的美国朋友Jack写一份回信，关于他询问在“双减”新政策下中国的中学生们应如何规划自己的学习和课余生活。 【详解】1.词汇积累 充分利用：make full use of→make the most of 集中注意力于：concentrate on→focus on 开始做：take up→start to engage in 压力：pressure→stress 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Concentrating on our lessons and solving all the problems in time can help us better manage our time. 拓展句：If we Concentrate on our lessons and solve all the problems in time, it can help us better manage our time. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Secondly, finish homework effectively, which helps us develop the ability of being attentive.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Hopefully, the policy will relieve our study pressure, helping us grow up healthily and happily.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年度高一年级第一学期教学质量调研（一） 英语试题 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上指定位置，在其他位置作答一律无效。 3. 本卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is the letter now? A. In the living room. B. In the bedroom. C. In the kitchen. 2. What will the speakers do tomorrow? A. Go for a run. B. Play tennis. C. Cook their lunch together. 3. What’s the reason for the man to get the car for the woman? A. She has hurt her foot. B. She has a broken shoe. C. She’s changing her shoes. 4. What is the man unable to decide? A. When to go to France. B. Which language to study. C. What to do in his free time. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Waiter and customer. B. Manager and cook. C. Husband and wife. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the woman planning to leave the party early? A. She will meet friends. B. She will write a report. C. She will play tennis the next day. 7. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. In a bar. C. In a restaurant. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the woman offer to help the man? A. He cannot walk. B. He has a heavy bag. C. He broke his walking stick. 9. Where is the man’s house? A. Opposite a park. B. Next to a school. C. Across from a flower shop. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10 How is the woman feeling? A. Excited. B. Sorry. C. Sad. 11. What does the man encourage the woman to do? A. Join a group. B. Keep trying. C. Go for another role. 12. How long did the man wait for the lead role? A. One year. B. Two years. C. Three years. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Why does the man come to the talk about Maryport? A. He has a project about it. B. His family lived around there. C. He wants to learn American history. 14. Where does the man live? A. In Cambria. B. In Boston. C. In Maryport. 15. When should the woman visit Boston according to the man? A. In spring. B. In autumn. C. In winter. 16. What has caused difficulties for the man’s team? A. The sea. B. The public. C. The weather. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the main topic of the talk? A. The benefits of computers. B. The importance of books. C. The art of learning. 18. What can reading help children develop according to the speaker? A. Their writing talent. B. Their social skills. C. Their imagination. 19. Why are libraries magical places for children without books? A. They’ll become heroes in real life. B. They’ll get better grades in school. C. They’ll find a new world through reading books. 20. What does the speaker suggest people do to support their local library? A. Donate some money. B. Work as a volunteer. C. Give away some books. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Online events are virtual and highly interactive, where people come together to learn and have a good time on the web. Find an online event to enjoy. No matter what you’ re looking for, there’s one that’s just right for you. ·Chocolate Donuts- Free Workshop Organizer: BAKE IT UP! & Lorena Price: Free Time: 3:00 pm — 4:30 pm, March 10 Join me and learn how to make this super easy dessert. These chocolate donuts baked with a cake y texture (口感) are soft and of course delicious. Dipped (蘸) in some chocolate these donuts will be just the perfect gift for your friends or family! The workshop will be live on Facebook & Instagram. ·Sweet Dreams PJ Party Organizer: Secret Dance Addiction Price: Free Time: 9:00 pm — 12:00 pm, March 9 Feel healthier, more energetic and more alive as you rediscover what it means to DREAM with an expert- led session on the power of rest. Recharge your batteries and then dance yourself into a dream state with an exciting dance party. Wear your pajamas (睡衣). This is a PJ party, after all! ·Chamber Music Concert Organizer: Sands Films Music Room Price: Free Time: 4:00 pm — 6:00 pm, March 8 As spring brings hope of warmer days, Sands Films celebrates International Woman’s Day with a program of music from women composers (作曲家) inspired by the spirit of the Belle Epoque. 1. What can you do if you join the Chocolate Donuts event? A. Get a chocolate donut for free. B. Learn how to make chocolate donuts. C. Share your experience of making donuts. D. Make friends with people who love chocolate donuts. 2. What is the main purpose of the “Sweet Dreams PJ Party”? A. To teach baking skills. B. To host a dance competition. C. To contribute to healthy sleep habits. D. To celebrate International Women’s Day. 3. What is the common feature of the three events? A. They are all free of charge. B. They all involve physical activities. C. They all take place during the daytime. D. They are all related to food and drinks. B My breakout fashion moment happened in the fourth grade. On this particular day, I was really feeling myself. I pulled on wildly colorful tights (紧身衣) and a black ruffled (有褶边的) skirt, followed by a light green T-shirt with dark purple dots. Then I added my final touch… a pair of yellow rain boots. I climbed onto the school bus, smiling and feeling like a total star. But when I got off the bus, my friend John looked me up and down and said, “What are you wearing!?” Everyone turned and looked at me, and I was discouraged. To be fair, John wasn’t trying to be mean. He was just shocked. But while my ego (自尊) took a minute to recover, a rebellious (叛逆的) voice in the back of my mind said, “No, I’m not showing up like everyone else.” Style has always lit me up and felt key to my life on this planet. And through all my years, that little voice has remained. “I’m not showing up like everyone else.” But the truth is, it isn’t about clothes. It’s about a powerful need to be accepted by the world as my true self. Personal style isn’t about being rebellious in order to draw attention. It is deeply rooted in a desire to be seen, not looked at, to be taken in as a whole and unique person by others. But somehow, society can fall short of honoring and understanding this. There is a saying that states, “To be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to make you into something else is the greatest achievement.” When it comes to style and clothes, this world very much has ideas on the “something else” we should be. Wear the clothes you love. Let others do the same and accept the fact that in our short time here in this life together, it’s a beautiful honor to be human kaleidoscopes (万花筒). 4. What does the underlined word “mean” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Unkind. B. Anxious. C. Tough. D. Concerned. 5. What is the main message the author wants to express about personal style? A. It is important to dress in a rebellious way to attract attention. B. Clothing choices are not important as long as one is true to oneself. C. Society would never approve and understand everyone’s fashion choices. D. Personal style is rooted in the desire to be fully and uniquely seen by others. 6. Why does the author quote a saying in Paragraph 6? A. To argue readers into following the footsteps of the others. B. To prove it is challenging to stay true to oneself in today’s society. C. To encourage readers to make continuous efforts to move forward. D. To strengthen the idea that one should try to change himself to fit in. 7. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. A Unique Childhood Fashion Incident B. The Importance of Being Different in Fashion C. The Way to Create a Bold and Unique Fashion Style D. The Journey of Self-Acceptance Through Personal Style C We are now having face- to- face chats with friends instead of talking online. But have you ever been in a conversation that you wish you could run away from? Scientists have proved that you might not be alone. A research team surveyed 806 participants (参与者) about a recent conversation they had with someone close to them. The participants were asked about the actual length and their expected length of the conversation, and how long they thought the other person wanted to talk for. About one-third of the conversation length was unwanted, according to the team’s paper published in the journal PNAS. Also, more participants believed that they wanted to end the conversation first. On average, they continued talking for 3.87 minutes before they found that the other speaker wished the same thing. Situations are similar when it comes to strangers. Only about 1.6 percent of the conversations ended when both parties wanted them to. The paper pointed out that when they talk to strangers, what makes people “mask their desires” may be their politeness. When talking to close friends and family, it may be their kindness as ending the chat too soon may hurt the other’s feelings. So, what is the best way to end a conversation? Saying you only have a certain amount of time to talk at the start of the chat is a good place to start. “Remember conversations don’t end because people don’t know when the other person wants to go,” Adam Mastroianni who led the study told the Inverse website. You should make your partner feel good about the end of the chat by “clearly communicating that you had a nice time and would like to talk again”. Mastroianni also suggested that the difficulty in ending conversations may be a “coordination (协调) problem”. It’s hard to tell your grandma you want to get off the phone just because you want the conversation to be over, for example. However in some ways, this dilemma (困境) may not be a bad thing. People need social connections, and conversation is a good way to make these connections happen. 8. What did the researchers find out in their survey? A. Most conversations ended when both speakers wanted. B. Nearly half of the length of conversations was unwanted. C. Ending conversations with strangers was easier than with friends. D. Many people want to escape the conversation longer than they expect. 9. Why do people tend to hide their desire to end the conversation with strangers? A. To show their politeness. B. To gain social connections. C. To avoid hurting others’ feelings. D. To make the conversation last longer. 10. According to Adam Mastroianni, what is an effective way to end a conversation? A. Saying goodbye immediately. B. Clearly communicating your desire. C. Expressing your eagerness to talk again. D. Reminding the other of your limited time. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the dilemma of ending conversations? A. Negative. B. Positive. C. Indifferent. D. Doubtful. D As summer gives way to autumn, many of us long for warmth and sunlight. It is common for some of us to feel upset when the days get shorter. People call this phenomenon autumn sadness. While autumn sadness is a common seasonal feeling we have as sunlight comes in shorter supply, for some people, it takes on a more serious form known as seasonal affective disorder, or SAD. SAD, a form of depression (抑郁症), mostly starts in late autumn or early winter and goes away in spring and summer. People who have SAD typically oversleep, overeat, and lose interest in activities they once enjoyed. Generally, almost all people suffering from SAD feel sad, helpless, and even desperate. The exact cause of SAD is not yet completely understood, but several factors have been linked to its development. Johns Hopkins University suggests that reduced exposure (接触) to natural light during the autumn and winter months may disrupt the body’s internal clock and the hormones (荷尔蒙) produced, such as melatonin (褪黑素) and serotonin (血清素), which are related to sleep and emotions, respectively. This disruption can lead to depression. Addressing SAD often requires medical help. Light therapy is a common and effective treatment. Patients are advised to expose themselves to sunlight or man-made light that imitates natural sunlight. Light therapy can help regulate patients’ hormones and get their lives back on track. Moreover, living a healthier life, such as maintaining a regular sleep schedule, taking part in regular physical activity, and having a balanced diet, can help manage SAD. But it’s also important that people seek help from a medical professional to determine the most suitable treatment plan for their specific needs. It is worth noticing that, according to the National Institute of Mental Health of the US, in most cases, SAD begins in young adulthood. So, while embracing (接受) knowledge in books and classes, don’t forget to embrace the sunlight outdoors and get energy from nature! 12. What do we know about SAD? A. It usually starts in early autumn. B. It can lead to long- term depression. C. Its main symptoms include feeling sad. D. It is most commonly found in older people. 13. According to Johns Hopkins University, what is a possible cause of SAD? A. An unbalanced diet. B. A lack of sunlight. C. An irregular sleep schedule. D. A lack of physical exercise. 14. What do paragraphs 5 and 6 mainly talk about? A. How people can deal with SAD. B. What people with SAD have in common. C. Who people with SAD can turn to for help. D. Why medical help is needed for people with SAD. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Young adults are the only group affected by SAD. B. Embracing nature’s sunlight is enough to prevent SAD. C. It’s important for young adults to take outdoor activities. D. It’s never too late to embrace the beauty that nature offers. 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In an air-conditioned office, you may see men with sporting shorts while their female co-workers wear jackets to keep warm. Why do women feel cold more easily than men? The accepted answer is that men and women feel temperature differently. ___16___ One of the key factors of the metabolic (新陈代谢的) rate is our muscles. Generally speaking, men have more muscles than women, leading to a higher metabolic rate. ___17___ As a result, men, on average, do not feel cold as easily as women. Yes, women and men have physical differences. But why is it women, in most cases, who feel more uncomfortable in a room set to a “comfortable” temperature? The answer lies in the data bias (数据偏见) behind the model of temperature setting in buildings. In a 2015 article in the journal Nature, Boris Kingma, a human thermal performance researcher in the Netherlands, pointed out that most office buildings set the temperature in light of a model based on men’s metabolic rate. ___18___ In other words, temperatures for comfort in office buildings are mainly comfortable for men, not women. In his article, Kingma called for the end of this so-called “bias in thermal comfort”. ___19___ In her book, Caroline Perez gave more examples in which women were ignored (忽视) in data collecting for scientific and technological research and design. Women are more likely to die from a serious car accident because a car’s safety equipment is designed for the typical body of a man. The medicine aspirin shows better performance in men since it was developed on data collected mostly from males. ___20___ A. It means that more heat is created. B. This is just one example of data bias. C. Our bodies produce heat through metabolism. D. Female data were not considered when setting the model. E. Usually, the men feel more comfortable under such temperatures. F. Therefore, men usually don’t feel cold in an air- conditioned office. G. Women, who form half of the world’s population, seem to be ignored in these cases. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分55分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Why did she spill the beans?” I thought regretfully. I’ll always remember that day when I was so surprised by all the ___21___ looks everyone was giving me. I couldn’t believe I would lose the friendship of the person I ___22___ the most. Five years back, we ___23___ as classmates, but after a few months, we were like best friends. So, I never expected her to ___24___ me in such a big way. I don’t know what made me tell Sally about my personal ___25___. She made the matter bigger than it was, adding her own ___26___ and telling everyone at school. It was like someone had stabbed me in the ___27___. After she ___28___ my secrets, everyone at school started laughing at me. After this terrible situation, I ___29___ schools. Sally ___30___ me many times, but I didn’t answer. My heart was broken. I tried hard to ___31___ from the suffering I experienced. I started a new school life. But one day five years later, I met Anna at the market. She was my classmate from 3rd grade. She told me that Sally wasn’t the one who ___32___ my secrets to light. Mary was. I was all at a loss. I wished I could have asked Sally about this. I wished I could go back in time and ___33___ my mistakes. From that, I learned a life ___34___ that we should trust those we love because one little mistake could ___35___ damage our lives. 21. A. friendly B. satisfied C. strange D. anxious 22. A. trusted B. desired C. attracted D. reminded 23. A. acted B. started C. played D. gathered 24. A. pressed B. challenged C. angered D. hurt 25. A. income B. effort C. life D. effect 26. A. details B. proposals C. figures D. performances 27. A. back B. head C. neck D. foot 28. A. gave up B. gave in C. gave off D. gave away 29. A. escaped B. changed C. skipped D. attended 30 A. reminded B. alarmed C. called D. visited 31. A. improve B. think C. draw D. recover 32. A. brought B. took C. carried D. fetched 33. A. exchange B. rate C. fix D. argue 34. A. experience B. course C. knowledge D. lesson 35. A. hardly B. really C. mentally D. slowly 第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 根据提示，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 36. I missed my train, but ______ (fortunate), there was another one leaving in an hour. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37. Achieving academic excellence is admirable, but of equal importance ______(be) developing a strong sense of social responsibility. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38. The article he wrote ______(base) on interviews with several experts in the field. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39. Learning a new language can be ______(challenge), but it’s also a great way to broaden your horizons. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40. So nervous was he ______ he forgot his speech during the presentation. (用适当的词填空) 41. Time management is the key to ______ (balance) work and personal life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 42. Her voice has ______ unique quality that sets her apart from other singers. (用适当的词填空) 43. Learning effective study ______（technique）helped me improve my grades significantly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 44. People who have similar opinions or ways of thinking see eye to eye ______ many things. (用适当的词填空) 45. The journey was long, ______ the view from the top of the mountain was worth it. (用适当的词填空) 第三节 翻译句子（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分） 按要求用必修一 Unit1-2所学的词汇、短语、句式翻译下列句子。 46. 如果我们竭尽全力，我们就能有所作为。（make a difference）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 47. 无法轻松应对压力与焦虑（anxiety）是完全正常的。（struggle with）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 48. 你可以浏览（look through）这些文章来找到解决你问题的建议。（不定式作目的状语）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 49. 我很高兴有机会体验这种不同的生活方式。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 50. 我发现数学很简单，很有趣，因为教材难度没那么高（less advanced）。（find+宾+补）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 51. 我希望我的父母能更灵活一些，这样我就可以在自己的空闲时间里做出自己的选择。（… so that …）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 52. 你们自己要肩负起发挥自身巨大潜能的责任。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 随着时间的推移，日常的小习惯可以引起生活中的重大改变。（the small daily habits）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 他们就最佳解决方案进行了激烈的争论。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 我真的很期待下个月的假期。（汉译英） ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 56. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack听说中国正在实行“双减”政策，来信询问新政策下中国的中学生应如何规划自己的学习和课余生活。请根据以下要点给他回信，内容包括： 1. 你的规划及建议； 2. 你对该政策的感想。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 请按如下格式作答。 Dear Jack, I’m writing to share with you my thoughts on how to arrange our academic and extracurricular activities under the policy of “double- lightening the burden”. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$