Unit 1 Science and Scientists Listening and Speaking 分层练习 -【大单元教学】高中英语同步备课系列(人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit 1　Science and Scientists Period 3 Listening and Speaking 培优层级1——基础多维巩固 ●Ⅰ 单词拼写 1．Customs officials have made a series of __________(相互矛盾的) statements about the equipment. 2．You have to have__________(证据；证明)of residence in the state of Texas, such as a Texas ID card. 3．He is __________(沮丧的) that his work has not gone very well recently. 4．The boy died of __________(数量多的) injuries, and everyone here felt sad for him. 5．We import ___________(生的；未加工的) materials and energy and export mainly industrial products. 6．The media put their every decision under the ___________(显微镜)． 7．Many poor ___________(家庭) are experiencing real hardship. 8．Population growth is __________(减少) by 1．4% each year. 9．In remote regions, the air is __________(纯的；干净的) and the crops are free of poisonous insecticides. 10．Official __________(数据) show real wages declining by 24%. ●Ⅱ 单句语法填空 1．Instead of __________ (blame) the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go. 2．After he grew up to be a __________ (science), he liked to do scientific experiments to test his ideas. 3．See, your computer has broken down again！__________ doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. 4．This phenomenon is neither good __________ bad; it is a fact of college life，today and in the past. 5．She __________(suspect) that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. 6．Join in the holiday fun at the Powerhouse this month __________ (link) to our new exhibition. 7．However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she __________(handle) the call. 8．On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence，“Anyone who experts a source of power in the __________(transform) of these atoms is taking moonshine. ” 9．Their child is at the stage __________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 10．Don’t be too severe __________ others’ errors. ●Ⅲ 短语填空 gift, fault, concept, outstanding, abstract, rainbow, assist, leader, shadow, concrete 1. Kalan called his ________, Hashim, to take over while he went out. 2. ________ in science now went to theUnited States. 3. He was clever, amusing and ________ with a sharp business brain. 4. A(n) ________ can appear in the sky when there is both sun and rain. 5. Derartu is a(n) ________ researcher and has received many awards. 6. Let me give you a(n) ________ example of what I mean. 7. This debate is becoming too ________ — let's have some hard facts! 8. The ________ lay with the organizers, who failed to make the necessary arrangements for dealing with so many people. 9. It's important that children learn to understand the ________ of sharing. 10. The children were playing, jumping on each other's ________. ●Ⅳ 英汉互译 1. The tree cast a long shadow on the grass. 2. The wind shifted from east to north. 3.那狗扑向我时，我用棍子自卫。 4.虽然我倒油时很小心，但还是洒了一些。 5.科技改变了我们的生活方式。 (transform) 6.学生人数减少了500名。 (decrease) 7.我对她的研究结论表示怀疑。 (suspect) 培优层级2 ——多维训练提能 Ⅰ.阅读理解 The living room is cleared. The host taps a wine glass with a knife, and people file in, filling the sofas and chairs that are pushed up against the walls. Soon every seat in the house is taken, and a bottle of schnapps is passed around. Lyon Hansen, who minutes before was knocking about in the kitchen, walks over and picks up a guitar and starts to play. Hoyma has begun. For one night, homeowners primarily in Sydrugota, a small town on the Faroe Islands, open their doors, inviting friends, family and tourists in to enjoy intimate (亲密的) concerts by local artists. The tradition dates back nearly 500 years to a time when Faroese life had to move underground due to Danish rule. The culture and the language was kept alive in people’s living rooms, where they gathered to sing and tell stories. The modern Hoyma concert series started as an offshoot (分支) of the G! Festival, an annual musical event on the beaches of Eysturoy every summer since 2002. Around 2007, G! Festival’s creator Jón Tyril, exhausted by all the red tape (繁文缛节) that came with putting on a big music festival, started to dream a little smaller. Specifically, he started to think about tiny concerts held in living rooms—no sound systems or spotlights, the audience made up of as many people as can fit inside a house. The idea resounded in his mind, not only because it didn’t involve any heavy lifting, physically or mentally, but also because it went back to the longstanding Faroese tradition. Since 2007, Hoyma has featured 20 concerts in ten different family homes in Sydrugota. For Laksá, hosting the concerts is not only fun, but a way to give back, and to ensure the islands survive in the modern world. As in many families, her daughters grew up and left the Faroes. “They studied in the U. K. for nine years, but both came back,” she says. “I actually think that Hoyma is partly the reason why many children from this village that go abroad come back. They are proud of it.” 4. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By presenting a scene. B. By evaluating an argument. C. By clarifying a concept. D. By making an assumption. 5. When can the tradition of Hoyma be traced to? A. A stage when the G! Festival was needed by the Faroese. B. A period when only local artists were allowed to perform. C. An occasion when people celebrated the encounters with tourists. D. A time when freedom of the Faroese was limited because of Danish rule. 6. What does Jón Tyril think of home concerts? A. Economical and varied. B. Convenient and entirely original. C Accessible and profitable. D. Simple and culturally attached. 7. What does the author indicate by mentioning Laksá and her daughters? A. Hoyma contributes to the survival of the islands. B Hoyma reflects the affection between mother and children. C. Hoyma is gaining popularity across the globe in modern times. D. Hoyma becomes enter training with the involvement of the young. Ⅱ.七选五 Although many of us may accept in theory that failure is a necessary component of all learning and growth, in practice, ___16___. We may know that we need a growth mindset in order to develop, but failure remains an experience that is often associated with shame. There are various reasons why we may fear failure. ___17___. When we fail at something, our self-image suffers. We may feel worthless, and we may criticize ourselves for our failure. If we fail publicly, our failure will be visible to others. We may fear other people’s judgment. We may fear that our failure will impact or end our career, or else that it will damage our fame. How, then, can we overcome our fear of failure so that we can truly benefit from what failing has to teach us? ___18___. Reminding yourself that there is no growth without failure — no learning, no development, no new experiences — can help you see what you dislike in a new light. Be open to learning from failure for overall development. ___19___. Try to learn a new skill or hobby — a sport, cooking, dancing, drawing, playing an instrument — and be kind to yourself in the learning process. Mindfully allow yourself to fail, to try again, to fail again but better, and try again, until you get somewhere. Keep a little diary in which you record what your failures have taught you. Instead of feeling sorry for yourself when you fail, ask yourself: What can I learn from this experience? And remember: ___20___. A. we can easily make the most of it B. Look at your attitudes about failing C. we often struggle greatly with failing D. Build your failure muscle gently in a safe space E. Fear may prevent you from seeking new experiences F. While it is hard to fail, it is much worse never to have tried to succeed G. Perhaps the most common is that our self-worth tends to be tied to success Ⅲ.完形填空 I grew up in a small North Dakota town. Dad was a farmer, so we kids were taught ___21___ to drive farm vehicles. I started driving the tractor (拖拉机) at age 15 . One summer day, Dad asked me to back his truck up. ___22___, I backed it into a tree, damaging the truck. I was ___23___ because I wasn’t sure how Dad would react. Luckily, Dad wasn’t ___24___, and moved the truck himself. As a teenager, I usually worked part-time on Uncle Jim’s farm in my ___25___ time. One day, I drove the tractor to get gas from the farmyard fuel tank, which was ___26___ on a big metal shelf 12 feet high. I ___27___ the shelf, bending one of the vehicle’s wooden bars. I stopped the vehicle anxiously and got off. I ___28___ Uncle Jim would help me. To my ___29___, he said, “Get back up on that tractor and you can do it.” And I did! During harvest, Jim had me do farming chores with that tractor, which made my confidence ____30____ greatly. The “can do” ____31____ Uncle Jim had toward me carried me through ____32____ times in life. Whenever I encountered difficulties, the ____33____ on the summer day on the farm came flooding back to my mind and my spirit wasn’t ____34____ ! It just goes to show what a huge impact can be created by small gestures of ____35____ in a person. 21. A. early B. hard C. recently D. fast 22. A. Frankly B. Skillfully C. Intentionally D. Unfortunately 23. A. curious B. scared C. embarrassed D. hesitant 24. A. mad B. pleased C. worried D. proud 25. A. entire B. quality C. spare D. limited 26. A. emptied B. operated C. placed D. transformed 27. A. built up B. ran into C. tore down D. passed by 28. A. claimed B. doubted C. worried D. assumed 29. A. disappointment B. surprise C. fright D. satisfaction 30. A. decline B. suffer C. grow D. change 31. A. admiration B. judgment C. affection D. attitude 32. A. tough B. confusing C. relaxing D. valuable 33. A. comment B. expectation C. reflection D. plan 34. A. broken B. recognized C. refreshed D. raised 35. A. justice B. belief C. interest D. courage 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1　Science and Scientists Period 3 Listening and Speaking 培优层级1——基础多维巩固 ●Ⅰ 单词拼写 1．Customs officials have made a series of __________(相互矛盾的) statements about the equipment. 2．You have to have__________(证据；证明)of residence in the state of Texas, such as a Texas ID card. 3．He is __________(沮丧的) that his work has not gone very well recently. 4．The boy died of __________(数量多的) injuries, and everyone here felt sad for him. 5．We import ___________(生的；未加工的) materials and energy and export mainly industrial products. 6．The media put their every decision under the ___________(显微镜)． 7．Many poor ___________(家庭) are experiencing real hardship. 8．Population growth is __________(减少) by 1．4% each year. 9．In remote regions, the air is __________(纯的；干净的) and the crops are free of poisonous insecticides. 10．Official __________(数据) show real wages declining by 24%. ●Ⅱ 单句语法填空 1．Instead of __________ (blame) the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go. 2．After he grew up to be a __________ (science), he liked to do scientific experiments to test his ideas. 3．See, your computer has broken down again！__________ doesn’t make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. 4．This phenomenon is neither good __________ bad; it is a fact of college life，today and in the past. 5．She __________(suspect) that one of her three daughters—then ten, eight, and six—had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn’t. 6．Join in the holiday fun at the Powerhouse this month __________ (link) to our new exhibition. 7．However, when she hung up, she regretted the way she __________(handle) the call. 8．On September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence，“Anyone who experts a source of power in the __________(transform) of these atoms is taking moonshine. ” 9．Their child is at the stage __________ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 10．Don’t be too severe __________ others’ errors. ●Ⅲ 短语填空 gift, fault, concept, outstanding, abstract, rainbow, assist, leader, shadow, concrete 1. Kalan called his ________, Hashim, to take over while he went out. 2. ________ in science now went to theUnited States. 3. He was clever, amusing and ________ with a sharp business brain. 4. A(n) ________ can appear in the sky when there is both sun and rain. 5. Derartu is a(n) ________ researcher and has received many awards. 6. Let me give you a(n) ________ example of what I mean. 7. This debate is becoming too ________ — let's have some hard facts! 8. The ________ lay with the organizers, who failed to make the necessary arrangements for dealing with so many people. 9. It's important that children learn to understand the ________ of sharing. 10. The children were playing, jumping on each other's ________. ●Ⅳ 英汉互译 1. The tree cast a long shadow on the grass. 2. The wind shifted from east to north. 3.那狗扑向我时，我用棍子自卫。 4.虽然我倒油时很小心，但还是洒了一些。 5.科技改变了我们的生活方式。 (transform) 6.学生人数减少了500名。 (decrease) 7.我对她的研究结论表示怀疑。 (suspect) 参考答案： Ⅰ.1．contradictory　2．proof　3．Frustrated 4．multiple　5．raw　6．microscope　7．households 8．decreasing　9．pure　10．statistics Ⅱ.1．blaming　2．scientist　3．It　4．nor 5．suspected　6．linked　7．had handled 8．transformation　9．where　10．on Ⅲ.1. assistant 2. Leadership 3. gifted 4. rainbow 5. outstanding 6. concrete 7. abstract 8. fault 9. concept 10. shadows Ⅳ.1.树在草地上投下长长的影子。 2.风由东转向北。 3. When the dog attacked me, I defended myself with a stick. 4. Although I poured it carefully, I spilt some of the oil. 5.科技改变了我们的生活方式。 (transform) 6.学生人数减少了500名。  (decrease) 7.我对她的研究结论表示怀疑。  (suspect) 培优层级2 ——多维训练提能 Ⅰ.阅读理解 The living room is cleared. The host taps a wine glass with a knife, and people file in, filling the sofas and chairs that are pushed up against the walls. Soon every seat in the house is taken, and a bottle of schnapps is passed around. Lyon Hansen, who minutes before was knocking about in the kitchen, walks over and picks up a guitar and starts to play. Hoyma has begun. For one night, homeowners primarily in Sydrugota, a small town on the Faroe Islands, open their doors, inviting friends, family and tourists in to enjoy intimate (亲密的) concerts by local artists. The tradition dates back nearly 500 years to a time when Faroese life had to move underground due to Danish rule. The culture and the language was kept alive in people’s living rooms, where they gathered to sing and tell stories. The modern Hoyma concert series started as an offshoot (分支) of the G! Festival, an annual musical event on the beaches of Eysturoy every summer since 2002. Around 2007, G! Festival’s creator Jón Tyril, exhausted by all the red tape (繁文缛节) that came with putting on a big music festival, started to dream a little smaller. Specifically, he started to think about tiny concerts held in living rooms—no sound systems or spotlights, the audience made up of as many people as can fit inside a house. The idea resounded in his mind, not only because it didn’t involve any heavy lifting, physically or mentally, but also because it went back to the longstanding Faroese tradition. Since 2007, Hoyma has featured 20 concerts in ten different family homes in Sydrugota. For Laksá, hosting the concerts is not only fun, but a way to give back, and to ensure the islands survive in the modern world. As in many families, her daughters grew up and left the Faroes. “They studied in the U. K. for nine years, but both came back,” she says. “I actually think that Hoyma is partly the reason why many children from this village that go abroad come back. They are proud of it.” 4. How does the author introduce the topic? A. By presenting a scene. B. By evaluating an argument. C. By clarifying a concept. D. By making an assumption. 5. When can the tradition of Hoyma be traced to? A. A stage when the G! Festival was needed by the Faroese. B. A period when only local artists were allowed to perform. C. An occasion when people celebrated the encounters with tourists. D. A time when freedom of the Faroese was limited because of Danish rule. 6. What does Jón Tyril think of home concerts? A. Economical and varied. B. Convenient and entirely original. C Accessible and profitable. D. Simple and culturally attached. 7. What does the author indicate by mentioning Laksá and her daughters? A. Hoyma contributes to the survival of the islands. B Hoyma reflects the affection between mother and children. C. Hoyma is gaining popularity across the globe in modern times. D. Hoyma becomes enter training with the involvement of the young. 参考答案： 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了法罗群岛的小型家庭音乐会——Hoyma音乐会。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The living room is cleared. The host taps a wine glass with a knife, and people file in, filling the sofas and chairs that are pushed up against the walls. Soon every seat in the house is taken, and a bottle of schnapps is passed around. Lyon Hansen, who minutes before was knocking about in the kitchen, walks over and picks up a guitar and starts to play. Hoyma has begun.(客厅被清空了。主人用刀敲了敲酒杯，人们鱼贯而入，填满了靠墙的沙发和椅子。很快，房子里的每个座位都被占满了，一瓶杜松子酒被传来传去。几分钟前正在厨房里闲逛的Lyon Hansen走了过来，拿起吉他开始演奏。Hoyma已经开始了。)”可知，第一段描写了一场Hoyma小型家庭音乐会开始的场景，从而引出本文要谈论的对象——Hoyma音乐会。故填A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The tradition dates back nearly 500 years to a time when Faroese life had to move underground due to Danish rule.(这一传统可以追溯到近500年前，当时由于丹麦的统治，法罗群岛的生活不得不转入地下。)”可知，Hoyma音乐会的传统可以追溯到丹麦统治时期，当时法罗群岛的人们被限制了自由，不得不转入地下。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Specifically, he started to think about tiny concerts held in living rooms—no sound systems or spotlights, the audience made up of as many people as can fit inside a house. The idea resounded in his mind, not only because it didn’t involve any heavy lifting, physically or mentally, but also because it went back to the longstanding Faroese tradition.(具体来说，他开始考虑在客厅里举行的小型音乐会——没有音响系统或聚光灯，观众由可容纳进房子的尽可能多的人组成。这个想法在他的脑海中回响，不仅因为它不涉及任何身体或精神上吃力的工作，还因为它回到了长期的法罗群岛传统。)”可知，Jón Tyril考虑到了家庭音乐会的简单和文化相关性。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Laksá, hosting the concerts is not only fun, but a way to give back, and to ensure the islands survive in the modern world. As in many families, her daughters grew up and left the Faroes. ‘They studied in the U. K. for nine years, but both came back,’ she says. ‘I actually think that Hoyma is partly the reason why many children from this village that go abroad come back. They are proud of it.’(对Laksá来说，举办音乐会不仅很有趣，也是一种回馈和确保这些岛屿在现代世界中生存下来的方式。和许多家庭一样，她的女儿们长大后离开了法罗群岛。‘他们在英国学习了九年，但都回来了，’她说。‘事实上，我认为Hoyma是这个村庄许多出国的孩子回来的部分原因。他们为此感到骄傲。’)”可知，Laksá认为举办Hoyma音乐会不仅很有趣，也是一种回馈和确保这些岛屿在现代世界中生存下来的方式，并讲述了她的女儿们出国留学后又回到法罗群岛的事情，认为这与Hoyma有密切的关系，由此可推测出，作者提到Laksá和女儿们的事情是为了表明Hoyma帮助法罗群岛在现代生活中生存下来。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 Although many of us may accept in theory that failure is a necessary component of all learning and growth, in practice, ___16___. We may know that we need a growth mindset in order to develop, but failure remains an experience that is often associated with shame. There are various reasons why we may fear failure. ___17___. When we fail at something, our self-image suffers. We may feel worthless, and we may criticize ourselves for our failure. If we fail publicly, our failure will be visible to others. We may fear other people’s judgment. We may fear that our failure will impact or end our career, or else that it will damage our fame. How, then, can we overcome our fear of failure so that we can truly benefit from what failing has to teach us? ___18___. Reminding yourself that there is no growth without failure — no learning, no development, no new experiences — can help you see what you dislike in a new light. Be open to learning from failure for overall development. ___19___. Try to learn a new skill or hobby — a sport, cooking, dancing, drawing, playing an instrument — and be kind to yourself in the learning process. Mindfully allow yourself to fail, to try again, to fail again but better, and try again, until you get somewhere. Keep a little diary in which you record what your failures have taught you. Instead of feeling sorry for yourself when you fail, ask yourself: What can I learn from this experience? And remember: ___20___. A. we can easily make the most of it B. Look at your attitudes about failing C. we often struggle greatly with failing D. Build your failure muscle gently in a safe space E. Fear may prevent you from seeking new experiences F. While it is hard to fail, it is much worse never to have tried to succeed G. Perhaps the most common is that our self-worth tends to be tied to success 参考答案： 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. D 20. F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些面对失败的方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Although many of us may accept in theory that failure is a necessary component of all learning and growth, in practice(虽然我们中的许多人可能在理论上接受失败是所有学习和成长的必要组成部分，但在实践中)”以及后文“We may know that we need a growth mindset in order to develop, but failure remains an experience that is often associated with shame.(我们可能知道，为了发展，我们需要一种成长的心态，但失败仍然是一种经常与羞耻联系在一起的经历)”可知，上文although表示转折，说明许多人明白接受失败是所有学习和成长的必要组成部分，但是在实践中还是会因为失败感到痛苦。故C选项“我们经常为失败而苦苦挣扎”符合语境，故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“There are various reasons why we may fear failure.(我们害怕失败的原因有很多)”以及后文“When we fail at something, our self-image suffers. We may feel worthless, and we may criticize ourselves for our failure.(当我们在某件事上失败时，我们的自我形象就会受到影响。我们可能会觉得自己毫无价值，我们可能会因为自己的失败而批评自己)”可知，本句承接上文说明我们害怕失败的原因是什么。G选项中self-worth对应后文worthless。故G选项“也许最常见的是我们的自我价值倾向于与成功联系在一起”符合语境，故选G。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Reminding yourself that there is no growth without failure — no learning, no development, no new experiences — can help you see what you dislike in a new light. Be open to learning from failure for overall development.(提醒自己没有失败就没有成长——没有学习，没有发展，没有新的经历——可以帮助你以新的眼光看待你不喜欢的东西。为了全面的发展，愿意从失败中学习)”可知，后文主要说明了用新的眼光看待失败，从失败中学习，即用新的态度对待失败。故B选项“看看你对失败的态度”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据本段内容“Try to learn a new skill or hobby — a sport, cooking, dancing, drawing, playing an instrument — and be kind to yourself in the learning process. Mindfully allow yourself to fail, to try again, to fail again but better, and try again, until you get somewhere.(试着学习一项新技能或爱好——一项运动、烹饪、舞蹈、绘画、演奏乐器——在学习过程中善待自己。有意识地允许自己失败，再试一次，再试一次，但会更好，再试一次，直到你到达某个地方)”可知，后文提到“有意识地允许自己失败，再试一次，再试一次，但会更好，再试一次，直到你到达某个地方”，即通过练习逐渐锻炼面对失败时的心态。故D选项“在一个安全的空间里慢慢地锻炼你的失败肌肉”符合语境，故选D。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Keep a little diary in which you record what your failures have taught you. Instead of feeling sorry for yourself when you fail, ask yourself: What can I learn from this experience? And remember(写一个小日记，记录你从失败中学到的东西。当你失败时，不要为自己感到难过，而要问自己：我能从这次经历中学到什么？记住)”可知，本句主要说明了上文想要读者记住的事情，故F选项“虽然失败很痛苦，但从未尝试过成功更糟糕”符合语境，故选F。 Ⅲ.完形填空 I grew up in a small North Dakota town. Dad was a farmer, so we kids were taught ___21___ to drive farm vehicles. I started driving the tractor (拖拉机) at age 15 . One summer day, Dad asked me to back his truck up. ___22___, I backed it into a tree, damaging the truck. I was ___23___ because I wasn’t sure how Dad would react. Luckily, Dad wasn’t ___24___, and moved the truck himself. As a teenager, I usually worked part-time on Uncle Jim’s farm in my ___25___ time. One day, I drove the tractor to get gas from the farmyard fuel tank, which was ___26___ on a big metal shelf 12 feet high. I ___27___ the shelf, bending one of the vehicle’s wooden bars. I stopped the vehicle anxiously and got off. I ___28___ Uncle Jim would help me. To my ___29___, he said, “Get back up on that tractor and you can do it.” And I did! During harvest, Jim had me do farming chores with that tractor, which made my confidence ____30____ greatly. The “can do” ____31____ Uncle Jim had toward me carried me through ____32____ times in life. Whenever I encountered difficulties, the ____33____ on the summer day on the farm came flooding back to my mind and my spirit wasn’t ____34____ ! It just goes to show what a huge impact can be created by small gestures of ____35____ in a person. 21. A. early B. hard C. recently D. fast 22. A. Frankly B. Skillfully C. Intentionally D. Unfortunately 23. A. curious B. scared C. embarrassed D. hesitant 24. A. mad B. pleased C. worried D. proud 25. A. entire B. quality C. spare D. limited 26. A. emptied B. operated C. placed D. transformed 27. A. built up B. ran into C. tore down D. passed by 28. A. claimed B. doubted C. worried D. assumed 29. A. disappointment B. surprise C. fright D. satisfaction 30. A. decline B. suffer C. grow D. change 31. A. admiration B. judgment C. affection D. attitude 32. A. tough B. confusing C. relaxing D. valuable 33. A. comment B. expectation C. reflection D. plan 34. A. broken B. recognized C. refreshed D. raised 35. A. justice B. belief C. interest D. courage 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在成长过程中，在父亲和叔叔吉姆的鼓励和帮助下，克服驾驶农用车辆时遇到的困难和挑战，从而增强了自信心。文章表达了积极面对困难、勇于尝试的主题，并强调了他人鼓励和支持对个人成长的重要影响。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：爸爸是个农民，所以我们这些孩子很早就学会了驾驶农用车。A. early早；B. hard严重地；C. recently最近；D. fast快。根据上文“Dad was a farmer(父亲是个农民)”以及下文“I started driving the tractor (拖拉机) at age 15(我在15岁就开始驾驶拖拉机)”可知，作者很早就学会驾驶农用车，故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我倒车时撞上了一棵树，把卡车撞坏了。A. Frankly直率地；B. Skillfully熟练地；C. Intentionally故意地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文“I backed it into a tree, damaging the truck(我倒车时撞上了一棵树，把卡车撞坏了)”可知此处说的是一件不幸的事情，故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很害怕，因为我不知道爸爸会有什么反应。A. curious好奇的；B. scared害怕的；C. embarrassed局促不安的；D. hesitant犹豫的。根据下文“I wasn’t sure how Dad would react(我不知道爸爸会有什么反应)”可知，作者不确定爸爸对自己撞坏了车这件事是什么反应，感到害怕，故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，爸爸没有生气，他自己把卡车开走了。A. mad愤怒的；B. pleased高兴的；C. worried困恼的；D. proud自豪的。根据上文“I wasn’t sure how Dad would react(我不知道爸爸会有什么反应)”以及“Luckily(幸运的是)”可知，作者原本担心父亲生气，幸运的是父亲没有生气，故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：十几岁的时候，我经常利用业余时间在吉姆叔叔的农场做兼职。A. entire全部的；B. quality优质的；C. spare空闲的；D. limited有限的。根据上文“As a teenager, I usually worked part-time on Uncle Jim's farm(十几岁的时候，我经常在吉姆叔叔的农场做兼职)”可知，十几岁不是做农活的年龄，所以作者做兼职只能是在空闲时间，故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我开着拖拉机去农场的油箱加油，油箱放在一个12英尺高的大金属架上。A. emptied清空；B. operated操作；C. placed放；D. transformed改变。根据下文“on a big metal shelf 12 feet high(在一个12英尺高的大金属架上)”可知，油箱放在一个12英尺高的大金属架上，故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不小心撞上了架子，弄弯了拖拉机的一根木杆。A. built up逐步建立；B. ran into撞上；C. tore down拆除；D. passed by路过。根据下文“the shelf, bending one of the vehicle’s wooden bars(……架子，弄弯了拖拉机的一根木杆)”可推理出作者不小心撞上了架子，故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以为吉姆叔叔会帮我。A. claimed声称；B. doubted怀疑；C. worried担忧；D. assumed认为。根据下文“Uncle Jim would help me(吉姆叔叔会帮我)”可知，下文说的是作者自认为吉姆叔叔会提供帮助，故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，他说：“回到那辆拖拉机上，你能做到的。”A. disappointment失望；B. surprise惊奇；C. fright害怕；D. satisfaction满足。根据下文“To my surprise, he said, “Get back up on that tractor and you can do it.” And I did!( 令我惊讶的是，他说：“回到那辆拖拉机上，你能做到的。”然后我真的做到了！)”可知，吉姆叔叔没有帮助作者，而是认为作者能做好，这使作者感到惊奇，故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在收获季节，吉姆让我用那辆拖拉机做农活，这大大增强了我的信心。A. decline减少；B. suffer忍受；C. grow增加；D. change变化。根据上文“To my surprise, he said, “Get back up on that tractor and you can do it.” And I did!( 令我惊讶的是，他说：“回到那辆拖拉机上，你能做到的。”然后我真的做到了！)”以及“During harvest, Jim had me do farming chores with that tractor, which made my confidence … greatly(在收获季节，吉姆让我用那辆拖拉机做农活，这大大……了我的信心)”可知，吉姆叔叔认为作者能做好，而且作者也确实做好了，在收获期间，吉姆让作者使用拖拉机来完成农活，这个过程显著地增加了作者的信心，故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉姆叔叔对我的“能行”态度使我在人生中的艰难时刻得以度过。A. admiration赞赏；B. judgment判断；C. affection喜爱；D. attitude态度。根据上文“The “can do”(能行)”可知上文说的是吉姆对作者的能把事情做好的态度，故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. tough艰难的；B. confusing难以理解的；C. relaxing愉快的；D. valuable有价值的。根据下文“Whenever I encountered difficulties(每当我遇见困难的时候)”可知，是生活中的困难时刻，故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当我遇到困难时，我都会回想起那个农场上的夏日，我的精神就不会被打败！A. comment评论；B. expectation期待；C. reflection回忆；D. plan计划。根据下文“on the summer day on the farm(那个农场上的夏日)”可知，是对过去的回忆，故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. broken破坏；B. recognized公认；C. refreshed使……神清气爽；D. raised提高。根据上文“on the summer day on the farm came flooding back to my mind(回想起那个农场上的夏日)”可知，农场上的那个夏日，作者在吉姆的鼓励之下完成了任务，信心大增，现在回想起那个夏日，作者的精神应该是受到鼓舞，不会被打败（破坏）。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这恰恰说明了，一个人小小的信任姿态能产生多大的影响。A. justice正义；B. belief信任；C. interest兴趣；D. courage勇气。根据上文“ Get back up on that tractor and you can do it.”可知，此处指一个小小的信任能对人产生很大的影响，故选B项。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$