Unit 1 Science and Scientists Discovering Useful Structures 课件 -【大单元教学】高中英语同步备课系列(人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit 1 Science and Scientists Predicative Clauses 1 ①His dream is to defeat Cholera. ②He finally became a successful scientist. ③The causes of the disease remain unknown to the public. ④The results of the experiment sound reasonable. Learn about something about John Snow and analyze what part does the underlined part serve as in each sentence. 表语 The outdoor activity seems attractive. The boy remains puzzled. This is a diligent student. His job is to teach chemistry. His diarrhoea seems severe. The two policies are contradictory. This is a water pump. His job is to handle the problem. What do the sentences have in common in their structures? predicative 表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当。 His diarrhoea seems severe. The two policies are contradictory. This is a water pump. His job is to handle the problem. 状态类：be 感官类：feel/look/sound/taste/smell 持续类：stand/remain/keep/stay 变化类：become/get/grow/turn/go/come/run/fall 似乎类：seem/appear 结果类：prove/turn out 是... 可以接表语从句系动词有： ......起来 保持... 变得... 似乎、好像... 结果是...;证明是... 可以接表语从句系动词有： 表从的连接词 1. 从属连词that引导的表语从句 The fact is that he was lying. The reason is that they never give up. His suggestion is that we should tell him. One idea is that fish is the best brain food. that 仅起_______作用，______(有/无)词义，______(是/否)充当句子成分，通常________(能/不能)省略。 无 不能 不 连接 内容页 图表 面积图 8 2.从属连词whether 引导的表语从句 The question is if we can finish our work. The question is whether the film is worth watching. The doctor’s doubt is whether she will survive. whether起 _________ 作用，意为“_______”，在句中_________(是/否)作成分。 (注意：if ______(能/不能)引导表语从句)。 连接 是否 不 不能 内容页 图表 面积图 9 3.从属连词as if/ as though/ because 引导的表语从句 It sounds as if / though someone is knocking at the door. She looked as if she had been hit by lightning. It seems as if she were mad. He did not see the film last night. That is because he had seen it before. as if/though 在从句中________(是/否)充当成分，意为“______________”;若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用_________(主句一般现在时，从句用_________时；主句过去式，从句___________时)；because在从句中_______(是/否)充当成分，意为“______________” 不 似乎；好像 虚拟语气 一般过去 过去完成 不 因为 表语从句的虚拟语气 一坚持（insist) 二命令（order, command) 三建议（advise, suggest, propose) 四要求（ask, require, request, demand) 当主句的主语是表示建议、命令、要求等后面的表语，那么表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略。 His suggestion is that she ________________(keep) quiet. My advice is that we _______________(ride) to the park. (should) keep (should) ride 内容页 图表 面积图 11 4. 连接代词what(ever), which, who(ever), whom(ever), whose等引导的表语从句 My hometown is no longer what it used to be. The problem is who we can get to replace her. The problem is whose work is the best. The question is what caused the accident, the poor whether or the heavy traffic? 连接代词在句中起_______作用，还在从句中还充当______、______、______、_______,______(有/无)意义，________(能/不能)省略。 连接 表语 宾语 定语 主语 有 不能 5. 连接副词when, where, how, why引导的表语从句 The problem is how we can find him. That is where I first met her. That's why I object to the plan. Thanksgiving is when people celebrate the harvest. 连接副词在句中起________作用,还在从句中充当_______, _______，______，_______状语，________(能/不能)省略。 连接 方式 地点 原因 时间 不能 内容页 图表 面积图 13 That’ why... That’s because... The reason(why...) is that... I didn’t phone her. That ’s why she got angry with me . I didn’t phone her .That ’s because I got angry with her . 3.She got angry with me ,and the reason was ____ I didn’t phone her . The reason why she got angry with me was that I didn’t phone her. 用法归纳： a. That’s why … 那是…的原因 强调结果 b. That’s because … 那是因为… 强调原因 c. The reason is / was that … 不可用because或者why. that By Contrast when where why how what/whatever which/whichever who/whoever whom,whose... that,whether as if/as though because Summary 表语从句的引导词 从属连词 在从句中不作句子成分 连接代词 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语 连接副词 在从句中作状语 小试身手 The problem is ___________we can finish the task or not. The question is ________we can get in touch with him. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________one can be entirely free from dust. Running means doing the same thing for a while. That is ________ I did’t enjoy running. The question is _________ caused the accident. The most important thing is ___________ responsibility it is. whether how that why what whose Test for goals 1. This is________ I want. 2. My English is limited. This is_______I hate reading English books. 3. The village is_________I used to spend my holiday 4. He is my favorite singer. It is_________ I really love the way he behaves. 5. The trouble is _______we are short of funds. 6. My problem is________coat is suitable for me. 7. I'd like to start my own business---that's________ I want to do if I had the money. 8. What I want to know is______will support me. 9. He looked _________he were ill. 10. Please put the medicine on the top of the shelf. It’s _______our children can’t reach it. 11. The problem is ________we can find to finish this task. what why where because that which what who as if where who 【单句语法填空】 https://www.ypppt.com/ 17 Complete the following ideas by famous scientists with a word or expression that introduces a predicative clause and translate them in your own words. Research is _________ I’m doing when I don’t know what I’m doing. (Werner von Braun) what as though because that what whoever why Practice and Apply 研究就是当我不知道自己在做什么的时候我在做的事。 ——布劳恩（徳裔美籍火箭科学家） 2. The saddest aspect of life right now is _______ science gathers knowledge faster than society gathers wisdom. (Isaac Asimov) that as though because that what whoever why Practice and Apply 当下生活最可悲的一面就是科学积累知识的速度超过了社会积累智慧的速度。——艾萨克·阿西莫夫 （美国科幻小说作家、化学家） 3. An expert can be _________ has made all the mistakes that can be made in a very narrow field. (Niles Bohr) whoever as though because that what whoever why Practice and Apply 专家可能是在一个非常狭窄的领域里犯了所有可能犯的错误的人。 ——尼耳斯·玻尔 （丹麦物理学家） 4. When different experiments give you the same result, it is no longer subject to your opinion. That’s the good thing about science: It is true whether or not you believe in it. That’s _________ it works. (Neil deGrasse Tyson) why as though because that what whoever why Practice and Apply 当不同的实验呈现出相同的结果时，它就不再受制于你的意见。这就是科学的好处: 不管你信不信它都是真的。这就是科学工作的原理。 ——奈尔·德葛拉司·泰森 （美国天文学家） 5. This applied science, which saves work and makes life easier, brings us little happiness. That is _________ we have not yet learnt to make sensible use of it! (Albert Einstein) because as though because that what whoever why Practice and Apply 这种节约工作量，使生活更容易的应用科学，给我们带来的快乐很少。那是因为我们还没有学会合理地利用它! —— 爱因斯坦 6. There are only two ways to live your life. One is ____________ nothing is a miracle. The other is ____________ everything is a miracle. (Albert Einstein) as though as though as though because that what whoever why Practice and Apply 你的生活只有两种方式。一种是好像什么都不是奇迹。另一种是好像一切都是奇迹。 —— 爱因斯坦 Predicative clauses 表语从句 引导词 dreams 作用 说明主语是什么或者怎么样。 主语+系动词+表语从句(引导词+其他) 从属连词：_______,____________; 连接代词:______________________ _______________________________; 连接副词:________________________ ; 其他词:_________________________. what, who, whom, whose, which ... when, where, why, how... because, as if, as though ... that whether 结构 $$