必修第2册 Unit 4 History and Traditions(Word练习)-【创新教程】2025年高考英语艺考生文化课总复习（人教版2019）

Ⅰ.阅读理解 [话题：维京船只，帝国支柱] Today, the Vikings are mostly known as violent pirates (海盗)．But they were also traders.At their height, the Vikings attacked, settled or traded on four continents. All of their travel, trade and warfare were made possible by Viking ships, which were far more advanced than anything else sailing around Europe at the time.The most famous, and most feared, was the drekar.At sea, these ships could move quickly thanks to their large sails.The hulls (船体) of the ships were shallow and fat, which made them ride high in the water.The ships were also light enough that they could be carried from one body of water to another over short sections of land.This greatly extended their range. But Viking ships weren't just built for warfare.Another type, called the knarr, had cargo (货物) holds built in the hull.One such cargo ship was capable of carrying 24 tons.The knarrs would have looked similar to the drekars except they were longer, fatter and taller.These were the backbones of the Viking empire, which they used to carry everything from gold coins to spices and fine fabrics. Both the drekar and the knarr were built using the same method.Traditionally, oceangoing ships have used a keel (龙骨), shaped like the fin of a fish.The keel sinks into the water below the hull.It helps the ship maintain a straight line through the water and counters the force of the wind against the sail, which otherwise might blow the ship over.Viking ships had no deep keel.Instead, they were built fat enough to carry lots of soldiers or pieces of cargo whose weight helped keep the ship planted in the water. Viking ships were so advanced for their time that they often were the biggest, tallest and most striking ships many people had ever seen.A monk at the St.Omar Monastery, in Franco, wrote this description of a royal Viking ship in 1013. “On one side lions molded in gold were to be seen on the ships, on the other birds on the tops of the poles indicated by their movements the winds as they blew...” The Vikings built a wealthy empire through trade as well as robbery and used their wealth to continuously improve their ships. 1．What does the author intend to tell us? A．The Vikings were not violent pirates but traders. B．The Vikings used to take a lead in the world trade. C．Viking ships could carry more cargo than ships today. D．Viking ships contributed to the extension of their empire. 2．What can we infer about the knarrs? A．They were not designed for warfare. B．They were faster than the drekars. C．They were designed to carry soldiers. D．They served the same purpose as drekars. 3．What do the Vikings' ships and the traditional oceangoing ships have in common? A．They both use a deep keel shaped like the fin of a fish. B．They both make the hull shallow and fat with large sails. C．They both take measures to keep the ship planted in water. D．They both install something to counter the force of wind. 4．Why does the author refer to a monk's description of a Viking ship? A．To show how advanced Viking ships were for their time. B．To show how interested the monk was in traveling by sea. C．To show that Viking ships were designed in a strange way. D．To show that Viking ships were continuously improved. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是维京人所建的两种船drekar和knarr的相关情况。 1．D　[推理判断题。根据第二段的“All of their travel, trade and warfare were made possible by Viking ships, which were far more advanced than anything else sailing around Europe at the time.(他们所有的旅行、贸易和战争都是由维京船只实现的，这些船只比当时在欧洲航行的任何船只都先进得多。)”和最后一段的“The Vikings built a wealthy empire through trade as well as robbery and used their wealth to continuously improve their ships.(维京人通过贸易和抢劫建立了一个富有的帝国，并利用他们的财富不断改进他们的船只。)”可知，作者想告诉我们北欧海盗船只为他们帝国的扩张做出了贡献。] 2．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段的“But Viking ships weren't just built for warfare.Another type, called the knarr, had cargo (货物) holds built in the hull.One such cargo ship was capable of carrying 24 tons.The knarrs would have looked similar to the drekars except they were longer, fatter and taller.These were the backbones of the Viking empire, which they used to carry everything from gold coins to spices and fine fabrics.(但维京船只不仅仅是为战争而建造的。另一种类型，称为knarr，在船体中建造了货舱。一艘这样的货船能载重24吨。knarrs看起来和drekars很相似，只是它们更长、更宽、更高。这些是维京帝国的支柱，他们用来运输从金币到香料和高级织物的所有东西。)”可知，knarrs不是为战争而设计的。] 3．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段的“Both the drekar and the knarr were built using the same method.Traditionally, oceangoing ships have used a keel (龙骨), shaped like the fin of a fish.The keel sinks into the water below the hull.It helps the ship maintain a straight line through the water and counters the force of the wind against the sail, which otherwise might blow the ship over.(drekar和knarr都是用同样的方法建造的。传统上，远洋船只使用龙骨，形状像鱼鳍。龙骨沉入船体下面的水中。它可以帮助船只在水中保持一条直线，并抵消风对帆的力量，否则可能会把船吹翻。)”可知，维京人的船和传统的远洋船的共同之处在于，它们都采取措施让船停在水里。] 4．A　[推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Viking ships were so advanced for their time that they often were the biggest, tallest and most striking ships many people had ever seen.A monk at the St.Omar Monastery, in Franco, wrote this description of a royal Viking ship in 1013.(维京船在当时是如此先进，以至于它们往往是许多人见过的最大、最高和最引人注目的船只。佛朗哥圣奥马尔修道院的一位僧侣在1013年写下了对皇家维京船的描述。)”可知，作者提到了一个僧侣对维京船的描述是为了展示当时维京船只的先进程度。] Ⅱ.完形填空 [话题：公路探险，终生难忘] Pennsylvania is full of mysterious places! One of those is an old turnpike(收费高速公路)　　__1__　 for decades.My dad loves history, and he learned it was open to the public.　　__2__　， when I was 14, we took a bike trip to 　　__3__　 this road! My dad chose a 16­mile 　　__4__　 of the road for us to ride.Part of it included an old tunnel called Sideling Hill which is over a mile long! To 　　__5__　， we checked our tires and made sure our lights had batteries.In the morning, we loaded our bikes into the car and set off.As we approached the tunnel, I felt 　　__6__　 as it was absolutely black inside! But Dad encouraged me.He said he would be beside me.He reminded me to stay 　　__7__　 and keep my light on! When we 　　__8__　 the tunnel, the sound of our bikes was heard through the darkness.I shined my flash light around and saw walls 　　__9__　 in graffiti(涂鸦)．And I felt like I was being 　　__10__　！ I was pretty scared, but 　　__11__　 on following Dad helped me relax.After riding half­way through, I could see light coming from the other end, motivating me to keep going.And I was so delighted to ride out into the bright afternoon! Whenever going through 　　__12__　 in life, I remember this trip.It reminds me that my father is always beside me.He turns on the light of hope in my 　　__13__　 as well as gives me 　　__14__　 to keep riding through life's 　　___15__　 tunnels. 1．A.locked　　　　　 B．abandoned C．destroyed D．designed 2．A.Meanwhile B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．However 3．A.repair B．build C．protect D．explore 4．A.course B．section C．block D．tunnel 5．A.prepare B．register C．cooperate D．participate 6．A.exhausted B．nervous C．annoyed D．excited 7．A.positive B．curious C．cautious D．silent 8．A.approached B．constructed C．observed D．entered 9．A.covered B．buried C．absorbed D．dressed 10．A.forced B．abused C．watched D．judged 11．A.depending B．calling C．surviving D．focusing 12．A.accidents B．regulations C．hardships D．incidents 13．A.chest B．work C．trip D．heart 14．A.courage B．excitement C．pride D．enthusiasm 15．A.difficult B．dark C．distant D．long [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和爸爸的一次公路探险让作者终生难忘——每当生活中遇到困难时，它总会提醒作者，爸爸总是在身边，给作者战胜困难的希望和勇气。 1．B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个是废弃了几十年的收费高速公路。A.locked锁住；B.abandoned遗弃、废弃；C.destroyed破坏；D.designed设计。根据空后的“My dad loves history”可知，因为爸爸喜欢历史，我们才去探险，因此这条收费公路应该是废弃了几十年。] 2．C　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸喜欢历史，他了解到这条公路是对公众开放的，因此，在我14岁时，爸爸带我骑自行车去探索这条公路。A.Meanwhile同时；B.Otherwise否则；C.Therefore因此；D.However然而。根据句意可知，上文的“My dad loves history, and he learned it was open to the public.”和下文“we took a bike trip to 　　__3__　 this road！”是因果关系，此处表示结果。] 3．D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸喜欢历史，他了解到这条公路是对公众开放的，因此，在我14岁时，爸爸带我骑自行车去探索这条公路。A.repair修理；B.build建造；C.protect保护；D.explore探索。空前“My dad loves history”说爸爸喜欢历史，再结合下文作者和爸爸在这条公路上的经历可知，爸爸带作者骑自行车去探索这条公路。] 4．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸选了16英里长的一段路。A.course课程；B.section部分、路段；C.block街区；D.tunnel隧道。根据后文“Part of it included an old tunnel called Sideling Hill which is over a mile long！”说该路段包括一条超过一英里长的、名为锡岭山的古老隧道，因此此处是指“一段16英里长的路段”。] 5．A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了做好准备，我们检查了车胎，并确保车灯里装了电池。A.prepare准备；B.register登记；C.cooperate合作；D.participate参与。根据后文“we checked our tires and made sure our lights had batteries.”作者和父亲检查了车胎，并确保车灯里装了电池，结合常识可知，这些都是公路探险前的准备工作。] 6．B　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们接近隧道时，我非常紧张，因为里面一片漆黑！A.exhausted疲惫的；B.nervous紧张的；C.annoyed生气的；D.excited兴奋的。根据后文“as it was completely black inside”隧道里面一片漆黑，因此推断作者非常紧张。] 7．C　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他提醒我要小心看路，让车灯开着！A.positive积极的；B.curious好奇的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.silent寂静的。空前一句“it was completely black inside”隧道里一片漆黑，因此爸爸提醒作者要保持小心谨慎，仔细看路。] 8．D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们进入隧道时，我们骑车的叮当声在黑暗中回响。A.approached靠近；B.constructed建造；C.observed观察；D.entered进入。根据上文中的“we approached the tunnel”可知此处发生在“接近隧道”之后，是说我们进入了隧道。] 9．A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我用闪光灯照了照四周，看到墙上满是涂鸦。A.covered覆盖；B.buried埋葬；C.absorbed吸收；D.dressed穿衣。根据空前的“I shined my flash light around”和空后的“graffiti”可知，在闪光灯的照射下，作者发现墙壁被涂鸦所覆盖(满是涂鸦)。] 10．C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感觉自己被墙上的画像注视着。A.forced强迫；B.abused虐待；C.watched注视；D.judged审判。根据常识可知，涂鸦多是表情夸张或面目狰狞的人物画像，结合下文“I was pretty scared”可推断，作者感觉自己被墙上的画像注视着，非常害怕。] 11．D　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很害怕，但集中精力跟着爸爸走能让我放松下来。选项与下文的on构成短语。A.depending on依靠；B.calling on号召；C.surviving on靠……活下来；D.focusing on集中精力于。根据空前的“I was pretty scared”和空后的“on following Dad helped me relax”可推断，作者很害怕，但是集中精力跟着爸爸走能让作者放松下来。] 12．C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当生活中遇到困难时，我都会想起这次旅行。A.accidents事故；B.regulations规章；C.hardships艰难困苦；D.incidents事件。空后“I remember this trip.It reminds me that my father is always beside me.He turns on the light of hope in my 　　__13__　， as well as gives me 　　__14__　 to keep riding through life's 　　__15__　 tunnels.”说这次旅行提醒作者，爸爸总是在身边，点亮了作者心中的希望之光，也给了作者勇气，让作者继续穿过生命的黑暗隧道，此处用隧道比喻生活中的困难，因此推断此处说的是每当生活中遇到困难时，作者都会想起这次旅行。] 13．D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我，爸爸总是在我身边。他点亮了我心中的希望之光，也给了我勇气，让我继续穿过生活中的黑暗隧道。A.chest胸；B.work工作；C.trip旅行；D.heart内心。根据空前的“the light of hope”可知此处是指“心中的希望之光”。] 14．A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我，爸爸总是在我身边。他点亮了我心中的希望之光，也给了我勇气，让我继续穿过生活中的黑暗隧道。A.courage勇气；B.excitement兴奋；C.pride自豪；D.enthusiasm热情。根据上文中的“But Dad encouraged me.”可知，在作者紧张害怕时，爸爸鼓励作者，因此此处是指“给作者勇气”。] 15．B　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.difficult困难的；B.dark黑暗的；C.distant遥远的；D.long长的。根据上文中的“it was absolutely black inside！”可知，隧道里面一片漆黑，因此此处是指“生活中的黑暗隧道”。] Ⅲ.语法填空 [话题：哪种披萨，人们更爱] In Naples, Italy, 1.　　________　debate has begun about the city's famous traditional food, pizza. Billionaire Flavio Briatore criticized the low­cost, simple pizzas of Naples.He called them “bricks of dough (面团)”．The kind of pizza that Briatore was criticizing 2.　　________　 (call) the Neapolitan Margherita.It is a simple pizza, 3.　　________　(make) of only dough, tomato sauce (酱) and cheese. Briatore owns restaurants 4.　　________　 also serve pizza.Different 5.　　________　 the classic Margherita, the pizza in Briatore's restaurants 6.　　________　 (come) with many toppings (配料) and can cost as much as $68. Many chefs from Naples reacted to Briatore's comment with anger.Chef Sergio Miccu, president of the Neapolitan pizza maker association, said Briatore had betrayed the pizza's heritage.“For Italians, the Neapolitan Pizza has played an important role in 7.　　________　 (help) generations overcome war and cholera.” he added. Gino Sorbillo, one of Italy's most famous pizza chefs, also reacted 8.　　________　 (public) to Briatore's comments.He served free pizza in front of his family restaurant in central Naples as his answer.He said low­cost pizza could still be very good.Sorbillo also suggested Briatore let his cooks prepare food next to Margherita chefs in his restaurants, to let his 9.　　________　(customer), who are used to expensive pizza, taste a 10.　　________　(typically) Margherita one. [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述意大利人对于哪一种披萨更好吃的争论。 1．a　[考查不定冠词。句意：在意大利的那不勒斯，一场关于该市著名的传统食物——披萨的辩论已经开始。debate“辩论赛”，可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词。故填a。] 2．is called　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：Briatore正在批评的那种披萨叫那不勒斯玛格丽特披萨。主语pizza和动词call之间是被动关系，且此处是描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is，故填is called。] 3．made　[考查过去分词。句意：这是一种简单的披萨，只用生面团、番茄酱和奶酪做成。动词make和逻辑主语pizza之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填made。] 4．that/which　[考查定语从句。句意：Briatore的餐厅也提供披萨。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是restaurants，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which，故填that/which。] 5．from　[考查介词。句意：与经典的玛格丽特披萨不同，Briatore餐厅的披萨有很多配料，售价最高可达68美元。different from“和……不同，不同于”，固定搭配。故填from。] 6．comes　[考查时态和主谓一致。句意同上。句子是描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语pizza用作不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。] 7．helping　[考查动名词。句意：“对于意大利人来说，那不勒斯披萨在帮助几代人战胜战争和霍乱方面发挥了重要作用。”他补充道。此处作介词in的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填helping。] 8．publicly　[考查副词。句意：意大利最著名的披萨厨师Gino Sorbillo也公开回应了Briatore的评论。此处修饰动词reacted，应用副词形式。故填publicly。] 9．customers　[考查名词复数。句意：Sorbillo还建议Briatore让他的厨师在餐厅里的玛格丽特披萨厨师旁边准备食物，让习惯了昂贵披萨的顾客品尝到经典的玛格丽特披萨。customer“顾客”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填customers。] 10．typical　[考查形容词。句意同上。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰代词one。故填typical。] [日积月累]　阅读理解　 All of their travel, trade and warfare were made possible by Viking ships, which were far more advanced than anything else sailing around Europe at the time. 本句中，which 引导　　非限制性定语从句　；句意：　　他们所有的旅行、贸易和战争都是由维京船只实现的，这些船只比当时在欧洲航行的任何其他船只都要先进得多。　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$