精品解析：山东省泰安市泰山区泰安第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

泰安一中新校区2024—2025学年第一学期 高三教学质量检测 英语试题 2024年10月 （时间：120分钟，满分150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is Richard doing through the Internet? A. Chatting with his friends. B. Looking for job information. C. Checking ads about apartments. 2. Where will the woman probably go first? A. The grocery store. B. The city library. C. The professor’s office. 3. What will Karen do tonight? A. Eat out. B. Do some exercise. C. Go to the theater. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A comer store. B. The weather. C. Their favorite seasons. 5. When will the man arrive at the club? A. At 4:45pm. B. At 4:30pm. C. At 4:15pm. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where will the man meet Ben? A. In the park. B. In Ben’s house. C. At a club. 7. What does the woman ask the man to do first? A. Go to the library. B. Practice table tennis. C. Work on the bike. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What made a good impression on the teacher? A. Mona’s math homework. B. Mona’s physics project. C. Mona’s new book. 9 What does Mona plan to do this weekend? A. Visit her aunt. B. Go to the park. C. Do voluntary work. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When should the woman start work? A. At 8:00am. B. At 8:30am. C. At 9:00am. 11. Why does Steven turn down the woman’s request? A. There isn’t room left in the car. B. She doesn’t want to share parking fees. C. He doesn’t go in the same direction with her. 12. How is the woman advised to get to work on rainy days? A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By taxi. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. How does the man feel about the actor in the lead role? A. Pretty satisfied. B. Quite frightened. C. A bit disappointed. 14. What attracts the man most to the play? A. The director. B. The chorus. C. His classmate’s attendance. 15. What’s the relationship between the man and the woman playing Ophelia? A. Boss and secretary. B. Teacher and student. C. Former classmates. 16. What will the speakers do next? A. Continue to watch the play. B. Attend a party. C. Interview the cast. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How will the listeners go to the Isle of Man from Heysham? A. By train. B. By ferry. C. By plane. 18. What will the listeners do on Day 1? A. Do a little light shopping. B. Meet the tour manager. C. Climb mountains. 19. Where will the listeners go on Day 27? A. The town of Peel. B. The mountain Snaefell. C. The village of Laxey. 20. When will the listeners visit a small island? A. On Day 3. B. On Day 4. C. On Day 5. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Amazing Train Rides Taking a train in the winter is fun. The mountains turn from green to white. and you can enjoy them on the journey. Now many holiday-themed trains add fun. All aboard! ●Aurora Winter Train: Alaska This seasonal scenic train that heads north from Anchorage is popular. From the Winter Train you'll see a snow-white Denali, America's tallest peak(山峰)-and with any luck, a trackside moose(驼鹿).You can get off the train after three hours at Talkeetna to ski in Denali or continue on for another nine hours to Fairbanks for some northern lights viewing. There're few better places, as Fairbanks is America's northernmost city. ●The Ski Train, Colorado The Ski Train is a joyful ride even for non-skiers. The ride connects Denver's 1914 Beaux-Arts station with the Winter Park ski area. One minute you're in downtown Denver's Beaux-Arts Union Station and two hours later you're stepping off the train. 100 feet from a Winter Park ski lift. What a wonderful ride it is! ●Amtrak California Zephyr: Chicago to San Francisco Long-distance train travelers adore west wind in any season, but winter adds the appeal of sugary snow outside the window as you travel over the Rockies and Sierras. Departing daily all winter from both Chicago and San Francisco, the 51-hour journey offers hotel-level service in a bedroom. Or you can break up the trip with stops to sleep(and ski)in Denver or Salt Lake City. ●Canyon & Christmas trains: Arizona Snowbirds" who escape the Midwest cold in December by flying to Arizona wish for memories of a Christmas away from the desert. With a short drive from Phoenix to Clarkdale (near Sedona).they'll see small pines and red rock hills while hugging the Verde River on the four-hour Verde Canyon train in indoor and open-air cars. 1. What should you do if you go to Fairbanks from Anchorage to see northern lights? A. Change trains in Denali. B. Take a 12-hour train ride. C. Climb over the tallest peak. D. Travel through a moose farm. 2. On which ride can you enjoy comfortable accommodation? A. Aurora Winter Train. B. The Ski Train. C. Amtrak California Zephyr. D. Canyon ﹠Christmas trains. 3. What is the similarity of the four winter train rides? A. They are all available during the whole year. B. They are intended for young travel enthusiasts. C. They offer the passengers good chances of skiing. D. They provide access to winter scenery on the way. B “I never could have imagined this is how my life could turn out,” says Melody Mnisi. “Now it’s my dream to introduce young people to nature and to inspire young African women like me to believe anything is possible.” Melody is a 23-year-old South African and has just qualified as a field guide. Despite growing up very close to Kruger National Park, a world-famous safari (游猎) destination, she never had the chance to see or enjoy its wildlife. “This was something for white people, not poor black people like me,” she says. “I always wondered what was on the other side of the fence.” But everything changed for Melody when she completed a Wild Shots Outreach (WSO) photography course, learning how to use a camera and going on her first-ever game drive. “I could not believe my eyes, seeing all this wildlife and capturing my memories and stories,” she says. “It is such an honor to be in nature.” WSO is the educational outreach arm of Wild Shots, a photography conference in Africa that ran for nine years prior to 2020. Its aim is to engage disadvantaged young Africans in wildlife conservation through photography and by providing an introduction to the natural world, helping to nurture (培育) the conservationists of tomorrow. The initiative came about in 2015 and was the passion project of Mike Kendrick, a life-science teacher and photographer. Moving to the Greater Kruger area to live in the bush, Mike was discouraged to see the lack of engagement between young South Africans and their natural environment. Not only that, in six years of helping to run Wild Shots, he did not come across a single wildlife, landscape or outdoor photographer of color in South Africa. 4. What can we learn about Melody Mnisi? A. She helped set up WSO. B. She was born a photographer. C. She was grateful to be a field guide. D. She shared photos of wildlife online. 5. What has changed Melody’s life? A. WSO photography course. B. Her willingness to help others. C. Mike Kendrick’s encouragement. D. Her curiosity about the safari destination. 6. Which is among the reasons why WSO is held? A To raise money. B. To prevent illegal hunting. C. To stop wildlife trade. D. To nurture wildlife protectors. 7. What might be talked about following the last paragraph? A. Comments from Melody. B. The promotion of WSO. C. Poor life of South Africans. D. The details of photographs taking, C A new study suggests that identical twins are not exactly the same genetically. Identical twins are two babies that come from the same fertilized egg (受精卵). Scientists in Iceland examined DNA from 387 pairs of identical twins, their parents, children, husbands or wives. “The examinations led the team to find early mutations (突变) that separate identical twins,” lead researcher and geneticist Kari Stefansson said. He is a professor at the University of Iceland and founder of the company deCODE genetics. Mutations are small changes in DNA that can happen when a cell divides in an attempt to copy itself. These small changes can influence a person’s physical appearance or control a person’s ability to fight a disease. The newly-discovered mutations show that identical twins do have genetic differences, the researchers said. The results were recently published in Nature Genetics. On average, identical twins have 5.2 of these early genetic differences, the researchers found. But about 15 percent of identical twin pairs have more than that. Some may have as many as 100 genetic differences, Stefansson said. These differences represent a small part of each twin’s genetic material. But they could influence why one twin is taller or why one is at greater risk of some cancers than the other. In the past, many researchers believed physical differences seen in identical twins were related mostly to environmental influences, such as nutrition or lifestyle behaviors. Jan Dumanski is a geneticist at Sweden’s Uppsala University. He was not involved in the study. He praised the findings as a clear and important contribution to medical research. “It suggests we have to be very careful when we are using twins as a model for examining the influences of genetics or the environment,” Dumanski said. A 2008 paper in The American Journal of Human Genetics found some genetic differences between identical twins. The new study, however, goes beyond earlier work by including the DNA of parents, children, husbands and wives of identical twins. Studying family members permitted the researchers to examine when genetic mutations happened in two different kinds of cells: those present in only one individual and those passed on to the person’s children. Stefansson said his team found twins where a mutation is present in all cells of the body of one twin, but not in the other twin at all. “However, sometimes the second twin may show the mutation in some cells, but not all cells,” he added. The researchers said they also found mutations that came about before the developing embryo (胚胎) split in two. Nancy Segal is a psychologist who studies twins at California State University, Fullerton. She was not involved in the study. But she called the result “heroic and really significant”. Segal added that the research is likely to persuade more scientists to rethink the influences of genetics and environment on twins. “Twins are very alike, but it is not a perfect similarity,” she said. 8. What did the examinations of identical twins lead researchers to find? A. A cell changes a lot in an attempt to copy itself. B. Genetic mutations exist in identical twins very early. C. Mutations can influence a person’s physical appearance. D. It is possible to control a person’s ability to fight a disease. 9. What might the new research tell people? A. Doctors should use different ways to deal with twin patients. B. It is no use carefully examining the genetics of identical twins. C. There may be some better methods to distinguish identical twins. D. It is not just the environment that makes identical twins different. 10. What does Nancy Segal think of the new finding? A. She thinks it is the perfect finding. B. She thinks it deserves rethinking. C. She thinks it is confusing to others. D. She thinks it is meaningful and important. 11. What is the best title for this passage? A. Studies Have, Found Ways to Influence Twins B. There Are Differences Between Identical Twins C. Identical Twins Are Not Genetically Exact Copies D. Identical Twins Come, from the Same Fertilized Egg D A Swiss radio station recently carried out a social experiment on air, testing robot-created voices and content. The 13-hour experiment took place at the French-language station Couleur 3. During the period, listeners heard the cloned voices of five human presenters. The station’s programming also included music created by artificial intelligence (AI) methods. The programming informed listeners about the experiment every 20 minutes. “AI is taking your favorite radio by storm” a voice said. “Our voice clones and AI are here to unsettle, surprise and shake you. And for that matter, this text was also written by a robot.” Recent AI developments have led to the creation of a series of tools that permit robots to lead different human activities. These tools belong to a group of systems known as “generative AI”. The tools use machine learning methods to train AI systems on huge amounts of data to produce human-quality results. One of the most highly publicized generative AI tools is called ChatGPT. It received wide attention by demonstrating the ability to quickly produce written answers to questions at a level and quality similar to humans. However, the development of “generative AI” systems has led to some criticism of the technology. Critics have warned that such systems, if used incorrectly, could cause economic, cultural and social harms. The station said in a statement it received hundreds of messages on the day of the experiment, with some supporting and others opposing. One person complained of unfunny jokes. Another listener admitted to not recognizing the programming as an experiment. One critic called the project a waste of time for a station that gets public financing. Many listeners noted, “You can sense these are robots, and there are fewer surprises, less personality.” Some listeners were even more forceful, urging station officials to “give us back our humans!” The Swiss station’s chief, Antoine Multone, told The Associated Press that Couleur 3 was able to carry out the experiment because it is already known for doing provocative things. Multone defended the project as a lesson on how to live with AI. “I think if we become ostriches (鸵鸟) ... we put our heads in the sand and say, ‘Mon Dieu, there’s a new technology! We’re all going to die!’ then yeah, we’re going to die because it (AI) is coming, whether we like it or not,” Multone said by phone. “We want to master the technology so we can then put limits on it.” He added that about 90 percent of the listener reactions suggested the experiment was a good idea. 12. What did the social experiment test? A Audiences’ feedback. B. Robot-created systems. C. Human presenters’ voices. D. AI-generated programmes. 13. What does the word “provocative” underlined in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Stimulative. B. Conservative. C. Persuasive. D. Instructive. 14. What should we do with AI according to Antoine Multone? A. Limit and prevent its progress. B. Take human elements out of it. C. Take advantage of it without defence. D. Research and make use of it sensibly. 15. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Putting AI Voices on Radio B. Creating Generative AI Tools C. Exploring the Development of AI D. Replacing Announcers with AI 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 My, what a big beak you have! For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful. ____16____ In a paper published in Trends & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), legs and ears. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. ____17____ All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions. ____18____ Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins. Ms. Ryding is not the first researcher to take that approach. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might have been driving the changes. ____19____ The team combined data from different species in different places. Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. ____20____ That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might make feeding harder, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow. A. However, looking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer. B. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. C. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviors. D. It seems that the future world is going to be hotter than humans are used to. E. Therefore, the negative effects of a warmer world are visible in these animals’ bodies. F. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body helping it to release extra heat. G. Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice and bats evolving bigger ears, legs and wings. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On a hot summer day when I was 13, I was bored in my attic (阁楼) bedroom. Thinking about how to ____21____ that boredom, I leaned (斜靠) sideways, and my hand landed on a floorboard, which ____22____ up and almost hit me in the head. When I looked inside the open space ____23____, there was something like a book. I ____24____ it out. It was old and small: Bartlett’s Familiar Quotations. I wondered whom these quotations were supposed to be ____25____ to, because I’d never heard of this book. And ____26____ I was bored, I decided to see what was inside the book. I started to ____27____the pages, reading about different ____28____. I learned about comfort, hope, love and even loneliness. I began spending all my free time reading Bartlett’s. It felt like a new world ____29____before me. I learned about different quotes and phrases, and I got to _____30_____ how language could be used to _____31_____ complex emotions. I also realized how those emotions I’d felt while reading Bartlett’s became _____32_____ in the characters I encountered in novels. When I went to college, Bartlett’s came with me. Over the years, I’ve kept my _____33_____ copy, which I still often refer to. I’ve bought a few of the newer _____34_____, but the first one is the one that _____35_____ me, that helped me escape from the boredom, and see more than my young mind and heart could understand. 21. A. relieve B. knock C. experience D. defend 22. A. picked B. turned C. popped D. came 23. A. curiously B. patiently C. aimlessly D. secretly 24. A. let B. pulled C. reached D. kicked 25. A. challenging B. familiar C. important D. acceptable 26. A. although B. after C. supposing D. since 27. A. leaf through B. check over C. look for D. tear off 28. A. cultures B. emotions C. themes D. lessons 29. A. changing B. marching C. unfolding D. passing 30. A. mess B. grasp C. expect D. question 31. A. identify B. hide C. control D. express 32. A. a live B. misty C. mixed D. weak 33. A. original B. special C. handheld D. complete 34. A. works B. styles C. products D. editions 35. A. shocked B. sheltered C. liberated D. defined 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tanghulu(also known as bingtang hulu) is a traditional Chinese snack ___36___(consist)of hardened sugar-coated fruits on a stick. ___37___(classic), tanghulu is made of hawthorn berries ___38___ are rich in vitamin C. In recent times, tanghulu makers ___39___(add) variety to this traditional snack by using other fruits such as cherries, strawberries, pineapples or grapes. Tanghulu can taste sweet or sour, depending on your fruit. Traditional tanghulu using hawthorn berries is said to taste ___40___ a combination of both. You can, of course, make your own tanghulu using any fruit you desire. Tanghulu is easier to make at home than you might think. The trick is to use the correct water-to-sugar ratio(比例) and boil the mixture ___41___ its temperature reaches 150℃. Then quickly dip your fruit skewer(扦) into the mixture. This will result in fruit that’s coated in a thin layer of hard candy that cracks when ___42___(bite) into. Tanghulu is commonly eaten in the winter. You can find ___43___(travel)traders roaming in the streets, selling this unique snack. If you want to try the sticky treat yourself, you can find plentiful Tanghulu ___44___(stand) near most of the popular tourist attractions in China. Tanghulu isn’t expensive, as a skewer costs only $1. So what could possibly stop you from giving one ____45____ try? 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是某报编辑李华，昨天收到学生王林的来信。请根据来信的内容和所给的要点提示用英语写一封回信。 Dear editor, I’m a senior high school student. My parents love me very much. I deeply appreciate their love for me. However, sometimes they show me so much love that I feel uneasy, which really makes me worried. What should l do then? Best wishes. Yours, Wang Lin 写作要点：1. 跟父母倾诉心里话；2. 感恩父母，理解父母心。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数。 Dear Wang Lin, I have read your letter. It is nice of you to be grateful for your parents’ love. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’m from the fishing town of Kinsale, in Ireland. Life is pretty good there, but Dubai caught my attention when I was 18. I moved there myself 10 years ago as a 30-year-old film-maker. It’s been a wild ride, full of chaos and wonder. My wife, Christine, lives here with me; when her sister Angela came to visit in April this year, the three of us set off in my pickup truck. It was a cloudless day, touching 40 ℃. The heat and humidity were violent, so we had to sightsee from the car. We took the scenic route between Dubai and Ras al-Khaimah, a charming city in the north. A year earlier, while off-roading with a friend, I got stuck at a water crossing there, at the only inlet on the coast, where the sea flows into a swampy lagoon (咸水湖). I had to be rescued, and learned how quickly the tide (潮水) could come in. Christine spotted what looked like the Loch Ness monster stuck in the sand. We decided to investigate and drove up to where the sand met the lagoon. It was a camel, not moving. Since relocating here, I have always kept a shovel, rope, torches and knives in my car—getting stuck in the desert can be debilitating (耗费体力的). I got out my shovel and approached the camel. It was a female; we nicknamed her Stucky. It looked as if she had been trapped for hours—she was in quite deep. I’ve been around camels a lot in Dubai; they are massive. They can be friendly, but they can also be fierce. I approached Stucky slowly and started to gently dig away the sand around her. I kept patting her. I knew if she swung her head around quickly, she could injure herself, or me. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Christine filmed my rescue attempt and posted photos on social media. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Luckily, at that point, a pickup arrived carrying 7 guys with all sorts of apparatus(装备). ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 泰安一中新校区2024—2025学年第一学期 高三教学质量检测 英语试题 2024年10月 （时间：120分钟，满分150分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is Richard doing through the Internet? A. Chatting with his friends. B. Looking for job information. C. Checking ads about apartments. 2. Where will the woman probably go first? A. The grocery store. B. The city library. C. The professor’s office. 3. What will Karen do tonight? A. Eat out. B. Do some exercise. C. Go to the theater. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A comer store. B. The weather. C. Their favorite seasons. 5. When will the man arrive at the club? A. At 4:45pm. B. At 4:30pm. C. At 4:15pm. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where will the man meet Ben? A. In the park. B. In Ben’s house. C. At a club. 7. What does the woman ask the man to do first? A. Go to the library. B. Practice table tennis. C. Work on the bike. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What made a good impression on the teacher? A. Mona’s math homework. B. Mona’s physics project. C. Mona’s new book. 9. What does Mona plan to do this weekend? A. Visit her aunt. B. Go to the park. C. Do voluntary work. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. When should the woman start work? A. At 8:00am. B. At 8:30am. C. At 9:00am. 11. Why does Steven turn down the woman’s request? A. There isn’t room left in the car. B. She doesn’t want to share parking fees. C. He doesn’t go in the same direction with her. 12. How is the woman advised to get to work on rainy days? A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By taxi. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. How does the man feel about the actor in the lead role? A. Pretty satisfied. B. Quite frightened. C. A bit disappointed. 14. What attracts the man most to the play? A. The director. B. The chorus. C. His classmate’s attendance. 15. What’s the relationship between the man and the woman playing Ophelia? A. Boss and secretary. B. Teacher and student. C. Former classmates. 16. What will the speakers do next? A. Continue to watch the play. B. Attend a party. C. Interview the cast. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How will the listeners go to the Isle of Man from Heysham? A. By train. B. By ferry. C. By plane. 18. What will the listeners do on Day 1? A. Do a little light shopping. B. Meet the tour manager. C. Climb mountains. 19. Where will the listeners go on Day 27? A. The town of Peel. B. The mountain Snaefell. C. The village of Laxey. 20. When will the listeners visit a small island? A. On Day 3. B. On Day 4. C. On Day 5. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Amazing Train Rides Taking a train in the winter is fun. The mountains turn from green to white. and you can enjoy them on the journey. Now many holiday-themed trains add fun. All aboard! ●Aurora Winter Train: Alaska This seasonal scenic train that heads north from Anchorage is popular. From the Winter Train you'll see a snow-white Denali, America's tallest peak(山峰)-and with any luck, a trackside moose(驼鹿).You can get off the train after three hours at Talkeetna to ski in Denali or continue on for another nine hours to Fairbanks for some northern lights viewing. There're few better places, as Fairbanks is America's northernmost city. ●The Ski Train, Colorado The Ski Train is a joyful ride even for non-skiers. The ride connects Denver's 1914 Beaux-Arts station with the Winter Park ski area. One minute you're in downtown Denver's Beaux-Arts Union Station and two hours later you're stepping off the train. 100 feet from a Winter Park ski lift. What a wonderful ride it is! ●Amtrak California Zephyr: Chicago to San Francisco Long-distance train travelers adore west wind in any season, but winter adds the appeal of sugary snow outside the window as you travel over the Rockies and Sierras. Departing daily all winter from both Chicago and San Francisco, the 51-hour journey offers hotel-level service in a bedroom. Or you can break up the trip with stops to sleep(and ski)in Denver or Salt Lake City. ●Canyon & Christmas trains: Arizona Snowbirds" who escape the Midwest cold in December by flying to Arizona wish for memories of a Christmas away from the desert. With a short drive from Phoenix to Clarkdale (near Sedona).they'll see small pines and red rock hills while hugging the Verde River on the four-hour Verde Canyon train in indoor and open-air cars. 1. What should you do if you go to Fairbanks from Anchorage to see northern lights? A. Change trains in Denali. B. Take a 12-hour train ride. C. Climb over the tallest peak. D. Travel through a moose farm. 2. On which ride can you enjoy comfortable accommodation? A. Aurora Winter Train. B. The Ski Train. C. Amtrak California Zephyr. D. Canyon ﹠Christmas trains. 3. What is the similarity of the four winter train rides? A They are all available during the whole year. B. They are intended for young travel enthusiasts. C. They offer the passengers good chances of skiing. D. They provide access to winter scenery on the way. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了四条不可思议的冬季火车路线。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Aurora Winter Train Alaska中“This seasonal scenic train that heads north from Anchorage is popular.”及“You can get off the train after three hours at Talkeetna to ski in Denali or continue on for another nine hours to Fairbanks for some northern lights viewing.”可知,从安克雷奇到费尔班克斯看北极光需要乘坐12个小时的火车，故B项正确。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Amtrak California Zephyr: Chicago to San Francisco中“Departing daily all winter from both Chicago and San Francisco, the 51-hour journey offers hotel-level service in a bedroom.”可知,你可以在加州清风号上享受到酒店级的住宿，故C项正确。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The mountains turn from green to white, and you can enjoy them on the journey.”及接下来的介绍可知,这四条火车路线的相似之处是它们都可让人们沿途享受美丽的冬景，故D项正确。 B “I never could have imagined this is how my life could turn out,” says Melody Mnisi. “Now it’s my dream to introduce young people to nature and to inspire young African women like me to believe anything is possible.” Melody is a 23-year-old South African and has just qualified as a field guide. Despite growing up very close to Kruger National Park, a world-famous safari (游猎) destination, she never had the chance to see or enjoy its wildlife. “This was something for white people, not poor black people like me,” she says. “I always wondered what was on the other side of the fence.” But everything changed for Melody when she completed a Wild Shots Outreach (WSO) photography course, learning how to use a camera and going on her first-ever game drive. “I could not believe my eyes, seeing all this wildlife and capturing my memories and stories,” she says. “It is such an honor to be in nature.” WSO is the educational outreach arm of Wild Shots, a photography conference in Africa that ran for nine years prior to 2020. Its aim is to engage disadvantaged young Africans in wildlife conservation through photography and by providing an introduction to the natural world, helping to nurture (培育) the conservationists of tomorrow. The initiative came about in 2015 and was the passion project of Mike Kendrick, a life-science teacher and photographer. Moving to the Greater Kruger area to live in the bush, Mike was discouraged to see the lack of engagement between young South Africans and their natural environment. Not only that, in six years of helping to run Wild Shots, he did not come across a single wildlife, landscape or outdoor photographer of color in South Africa. 4. What can we learn about Melody Mnisi? A. She helped set up WSO. B. She was born a photographer. C. She was grateful to be a field guide. D. She shared photos of wildlife online. 5. What has changed Melody’s life? A. WSO photography course. B. Her willingness to help others. C. Mike Kendrick’s encouragement. D. Her curiosity about the safari destination. 6. Which is among the reasons why WSO is held? A. To raise money. B. To prevent illegal hunting. C. To stop wildlife trade. D. To nurture wildlife protectors. 7. What might be talked about following the last paragraph? A. Comments from Melody. B. The promotion of WSO. C. Poor life of South Africans. D. The details of photographs taking, 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕非洲女性Melody Mnisi加入WSO后获得新生展开，介绍了WSO通过提供摄影课程来促进非洲人参与野生动物保护。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“‘I could not believe my eyes, seeing all this wildlife and capturing my memories and stories,’ she says. ‘It is such an honor to be in nature.’(我无法相信我的眼睛，看到所有这些野生动物并捕捉到我的回忆和故事，她说。能够身处自然之中是如此的荣幸)”可知，Melody Mnisi对于能当一名野外向导心存感激。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“But everything changed for Melody when she completed a Wild Shots Outreach (WSO) photography course(但当Melody完成了Wild Shots Outreach(WSO)摄影课程后，一切都变了)”可知，是WSO摄影课程改变了Melody的生活。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Its aim is to engage disadvantaged young Africans in wildlife conservation through photography and by providing an introduction to the natural world, helping to nurture (培育) the conservationists of tomorrow.(它的目标是通过摄影让处于弱势的非洲年轻人参与到野生动物保护中来，并通过介绍自然世界，帮助他们培养成为未来的环保主义者)”可知，WSO的目的是通过摄影让弱势的非洲年轻人参与野生动物保护，帮助培养未来的野生动物保护者。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“The initiative came about in 2015 and was the passion project of Mike Kendrick, a life-science teacher and photographer. Moving to the Greater Kruger area to live in the bush, Mike was discouraged to see the lack of engagement between young South Africans and their natural environment. Not only that, in six years of helping to run Wild Shots, he did not come across a single wildlife, landscape or outdoor photographer of color in South Africa(这项倡议始于2015年，是生命科学教师兼摄影师Mike Kendrick的热情项目。搬到大克鲁格地区生活在灌木丛中，Mike看到年轻的南非人与自然环境之间缺乏互动感到沮丧。不仅如此，在帮助举办Wild Shots的六年里，他没有遇到一个来自南非的有色人种野生动物、风景或户外摄影师)”可知，文章介绍WSO的实质和目的，以及创立人发动WSO的最初动机，但是在南非却没有得到推广。由此可推知，接下来有可能谈论WSO的推广。故选B。 C A new study suggests that identical twins are not exactly the same genetically. Identical twins are two babies that come from the same fertilized egg (受精卵). Scientists in Iceland examined DNA from 387 pairs of identical twins, their parents, children, husbands or wives. “The examinations led the team to find early mutations (突变) that separate identical twins,” lead researcher and geneticist Kari Stefansson said. He is a professor at the University of Iceland and founder of the company deCODE genetics. Mutations are small changes in DNA that can happen when a cell divides in an attempt to copy itself. These small changes can influence a person’s physical appearance or control a person’s ability to fight a disease. The newly-discovered mutations show that identical twins do have genetic differences, the researchers said. The results were recently published in Nature Genetics. On average, identical twins have 5.2 of these early genetic differences, the researchers found. But about 15 percent of identical twin pairs have more than that. Some may have as many as 100 genetic differences, Stefansson said. These differences represent a small part of each twin’s genetic material. But they could influence why one twin is taller or why one is at greater risk of some cancers than the other. In the past, many researchers believed physical differences seen in identical twins were related mostly to environmental influences, such as nutrition or lifestyle behaviors. Jan Dumanski is a geneticist at Sweden’s Uppsala University. He was not involved in the study. He praised the findings as a clear and important contribution to medical research. “It suggests we have to be very careful when we are using twins as a model for examining the influences of genetics or the environment,” Dumanski said. A 2008 paper in The American Journal of Human Genetics found some genetic differences between identical twins. The new study, however, goes beyond earlier work by including the DNA of parents, children, husbands and wives of identical twins. Studying family members permitted the researchers to examine when genetic mutations happened in two different kinds of cells: those present in only one individual and those passed on to the person’s children. Stefansson said his team found twins where a mutation is present in all cells of the body of one twin, but not in the other twin at all. “However, sometimes the second twin may show the mutation in some cells, but not all cells,” he added. The researchers said they also found mutations that came about before the developing embryo (胚胎) split in two. Nancy Segal is a psychologist who studies twins at California State University, Fullerton. She was not involved in the study. But she called the result “heroic and really significant”. Segal added that the research is likely to persuade more scientists to rethink the influences of genetics and environment on twins. “Twins are very alike, but it is not a perfect similarity,” she said. 8. What did the examinations of identical twins lead researchers to find? A. A cell changes a lot in an attempt to copy itself. B. Genetic mutations exist in identical twins very early. C. Mutations can influence a person’s physical appearance. D. It is possible to control a person’s ability to fight a disease. 9. What might the new research tell people? A. Doctors should use different ways to deal with twin patients. B. It is no use carefully examining the genetics of identical twins. C. There may be some better methods to distinguish identical twins. D. It is not just the environment that makes identical twins different. 10. What does Nancy Segal think of the new finding? A. She thinks it is the perfect finding. B. She thinks it deserves rethinking. C. She thinks it is confusing to others. D. She thinks it is meaningful and important. 11 What is the best title for this passage? A. Studies Have, Found Ways to Influence Twins B. There Are Differences Between Identical Twins C. Identical Twins Are Not Genetically Exact Copies D. Identical Twins Come, from the Same Fertilized Egg 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现同卵双胞胎并非基因完全相同，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的有关发现。 8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The examinations led the team to find early mutations (突变) that separate identical twins(通过这些检查，研究小组发现了区分同卵双胞胎的早期突变)”可知，对同卵双胞胎的检查让研究人员发现基因突变很早就存在于同卵双胞胎中。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But they could influence why one twin is taller or why one is at greater risk of some cancers than the other.(但它们可能会影响双胞胎中为什么一个更高，或者为什么一个比另一个患某些癌症的风险更高)”；第四段“In the past, many researchers believed physical differences seen in identical twins were related mostly to environmental influences, such as nutrition or lifestyle behaviors.(过去，许多研究人员认为，同卵双胞胎的身体差异主要与环境影响有关，比如营养或生活方式行为)”以及““It suggests we have to be very careful when we are using twins as a model for examining the influences of genetics or the environment,” Dumanski said. (杜曼斯基说：“这表明，当我们把双胞胎作为研究遗传或环境影响的模型时，我们必须非常小心。”)”可知，新的研究可能告诉人们导致同卵双胞胎不同的不仅仅是环境。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nancy Segal is a psychologist who studies twins at California State University, Fullerton. She was not involved in the study. But she called the result “heroic and really significant”.(南希·西格尔是加州州立大学富勒顿分校研究双胞胎的心理学家。她没有参与这项研究。但她称这一结果“英勇且意义重大”)”可知，南希·西格尔认为这项新发现有意义和重要。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第一段“A new study suggests that identical twins are not exactly the same genetically.(一项新的研究表明，同卵双胞胎的基因并不完全相同)”可知，文章主要说明了研究发现同卵双胞胎并非基因完全相同，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的有关发现。因此C选项“同卵双胞胎并非基因完全相同”最符合文章标题。故选C。 D A Swiss radio station recently carried out a social experiment on air, testing robot-created voices and content. The 13-hour experiment took place at the French-language station Couleur 3. During the period, listeners heard the cloned voices of five human presenters. The station’s programming also included music created by artificial intelligence (AI) methods. The programming informed listeners about the experiment every 20 minutes. “AI is taking your favorite radio by storm,” a voice said. “Our voice clones and AI are here to unsettle, surprise and shake you. And for that matter, this text was also written by a robot.” Recent AI developments have led to the creation of a series of tools that permit robots to lead different human activities. These tools belong to a group of systems known as “generative AI”. The tools use machine learning methods to train AI systems on huge amounts of data to produce human-quality results. One of the most highly publicized generative AI tools is called ChatGPT. It received wide attention by demonstrating the ability to quickly produce written answers to questions at a level and quality similar to humans. However, the development of “generative AI” systems has led to some criticism of the technology. Critics have warned that such systems, if used incorrectly, could cause economic, cultural and social harms. The station said in a statement it received hundreds of messages on the day of the experiment, with some supporting and others opposing. One person complained of unfunny jokes. Another listener admitted to not recognizing the programming as an experiment. One critic called the project a waste of time for a station that gets public financing. Many listeners noted, “You can sense these are robots, and there are fewer surprises, less personality.” Some listeners were even more forceful, urging station officials to “give us back our humans!” The Swiss station’s chief, Antoine Multone, told The Associated Press that Couleur 3 was able to carry out the experiment because it is already known for doing provocative things. Multone defended the project as a lesson on how to live with AI. “I think if we become ostriches (鸵鸟) ... we put our heads in the sand and say, ‘Mon Dieu, there’s a new technology! We’re all going to die!’ then yeah, we’re going to die because it (AI) is coming, whether we like it or not,” Multone said by phone. “We want to master the technology so we can then put limits on it.” He added that about 90 percent of the listener reactions suggested the experiment was a good idea. 12. What did the social experiment test? A. Audiences’ feedback. B. Robot-created systems. C. Human presenters’ voices. D. AI-generated programmes. 13. What does the word “provocative” underlined in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Stimulative. B. Conservative. C. Persuasive. D. Instructive. 14. What should we do with AI according to Antoine Multone? A. Limit and prevent its progress. B. Take human elements out of it. C. Take advantage of it without defence. D. Research and make use of it sensibly. 15. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Putting AI Voices on Radio B. Creating Generative AI Tools C. Exploring the Development of AI D. Replacing Announcers with AI 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。瑞士一家广播电台进行了一项社会实验，测试人工智能创造的声音和内容，而对于人工智能，批评者们、该电台台长和许多人有不同的观点。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A Swiss radio station recently carried out a social experiment on air, testing robot-created voices and content. The 13-hour experiment took place at the French-language station Couleur 3. During the period, listeners heard the cloned voices of five human presenters.(瑞士一家广播电台最近在播放中进行了一项社会实验，测试机器人创造的声音和内容。这场为期13个小时的实验在法语站Couleur 3进行。在此期间，听众听到了五位人类主持人的克隆声音)”可知，瑞士这家广播电台在法语站Couleur 3测试机器人创造的声音和内容，播放了五位主持人的克隆声音。由此可知，实验的目的是测试机器人创造出来的声音。故选D。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“The 13-hour experiment took place at the French-language station Couleur 3.(这个13个小时的实验是在法语站“Couleur 3”进行的)”以及划线词上文“Couleur 3 was able to carry out the experiment because it is already known for doing”可知，Couleur 3已经进行了这项实验，是因为它已经以做激励性的事情而闻名，所以被指派进行这项实验。故划线词与Stimulative“激励的”意思一致。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“We want to master the technology so we can then put limits on it. (我们想要掌握这项技术，这样我们就可以对它加以限制)”可知，他认为我们应该研究人工智能技术，并理智使用它。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段引出下文对人工智能的讨论，根据第一段首句“A Swiss radio station recently carried out a social experiment on air, testing robot-created voices and content. (瑞士一家广播电台最近在播放中进行了一项社会实验，测试机器人创造的声音和内容)”可知，本文主要通过瑞士一家广播电台做的关于机器人创造的声音和内容的社会实验，引出不同的人对人工智能的不同看法。由此可知，A选项“在广播中播放人工智能声音”最适合作本文标题。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 My, what a big beak you have! For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help to make the effects of a warmer world less harmful. ____16____ In a paper published in Trends & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), legs and ears. In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. ____17____ All that is perfectly consistent with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger body parts than those in temperate (温带的) regions. ____18____ Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins. Ms. Ryding is not the first researcher to take that approach. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖学的) changes. All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might have been driving the changes. ____19____ The team combined data from different species in different places. Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, climate change is the most reasonable explanation. ____20____ That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might make feeding harder, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow. A. However, looking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer. B. For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. C. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behaviors. D. It seems that the future world is going to be hotter than humans are used to. E. Therefore, the negative effects of a warmer world are visible in these animals’ bodies. F. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body, helping it to release extra heat. G. Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice and bats evolving bigger ears, legs and wings. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了地球变暖正在改变动物的外貌，如嘴巴变大。 【16题详解】 根据上文“For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help mitigate the effects of a warm world. (对人类来说，适应气候变化将主要是技术问题。更多的空调、更好设计的房屋和更大的防洪系统可能有助于缓解全球变暖的影响)”可知，人类依靠的是科学技术来适应气候变化。选项C“动物将不得不依靠改变它们的身体或行为（去适应）。”承接上文，说明和人类不同，动物要适应气候变化就只能依靠它们的身体和行为。从而引出下文对于动物适应气候变化发生的变化的讲述，上下文通顺合理。故选C项。 【17题详解】 空处位于段末应承接上文。上文“In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, another bird, found the same pattern. (例如，在一些澳大利亚鹦鹉中，自1871年以来，喙的大小增加了4%到10%。另一项研究，这次是在另一种鸟类北美黑眼鹦鹉中，发现了同样的模式)”列举了一些动物因为天气变暖，喙变大的例子。由此推知，空处承接上文，继续举例。选项G“哺乳动物也有类似的趋势，老鼠、鼩鼱和蝙蝠进化出更大的耳朵、尾巴、腿和翅膀”符合语境，是动物应对天气变化外貌发生变化的例子。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“‘Allen’s rule’, named for Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded-animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附属物) than those in less hot regions. (“艾伦法则”是以Joel Asaph Allen的名字命名的，他在1877年提出了这一法则，认为在炎热地区的温血动物往往比在不那么炎热地区的动物有更大的附属物)”可知，炎热地区的温血动物往往长有更大的附属物，这是动物对气候的一种适应，选项F“这种适应性增加了动物相对于其身体体积的表面积，帮助它释放多余的热量。”解释了这种现象的产生原因。下文“Being richly filled with blood vessels, and not covered by feathers, beaks make an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat. Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sahara Desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.( 喙拥有丰富的血管，没有绝缘羽毛覆盖，是鸟类散热的理想场所。又比如，与它们的北极近亲相比，原产于撒哈拉沙漠的芬内克狐狸有着惊人的大耳朵)”举例说明动物的这种适应性。上下文通顺合理。故选F项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“The team combined data from different species in different places. (她的团队综合了来自不同地方不同物种的数据)”可知，团队综合了更多地方的数据，选项A“然而，从更大的角度来看，形式更清晰。”说明观察更多会更清楚地看到这种模式，符合语境，上下文通顺合理。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据下文“That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs (妥协), it is unclear how far the process might go. (随着气候变暖的加速，这种情况可能会改变。由于任何进化适应都会进行利弊权衡，因此尚不清楚这一过程会走多远)”可知，未来这种情况的变化，that指代上文提到的情况，选项B“至少就目前而言，增幅很小，从未超过10%。”说明现在的变化情况，上下文合理通顺，下文预测这种情况的发展,，且下文中的“That may change”指代选项B中的增长。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On a hot summer day when I was 13, I was bored in my attic (阁楼) bedroom. Thinking about how to ____21____ that boredom, I leaned (斜靠) sideways, and my hand landed on a floorboard, which ____22____ up and almost hit me in the head. When I looked inside the open space ____23____, there was something like a book. I ____24____ it out. It was old and small: Bartlett’s Familiar Quotations. I wondered whom these quotations were supposed to be ____25____ to, because I’d never heard of this book. And ____26____ I was bored, I decided to see what was inside the book. I started to ____27____the pages, reading about different ____28____. I learned about comfort, hope, love and even loneliness. I began spending all my free time reading Bartlett’s. It felt like a new world ____29____before me. I learned about different quotes and phrases, and I got to _____30_____ how language could be used to _____31_____ complex emotions. I also realized how those emotions I’d felt while reading Bartlett’s became _____32_____ in the characters I encountered in novels. When I went to college, Bartlett’s came with me. Over the years, I’ve kept my _____33_____ copy, which I still often refer to. I’ve bought a few of the newer _____34_____, but the first one is the one that _____35_____ me, that helped me escape from the boredom, and see more than my young mind and heart could understand. 21. A. relieve B. knock C. experience D. defend 22. A. picked B. turned C. popped D. came 23. A. curiously B. patiently C. aimlessly D. secretly 24. A. let B. pulled C. reached D. kicked 25. A. challenging B. familiar C. important D. acceptable 26. A. although B. after C. supposing D. since 27. A. leaf through B. check over C. look for D. tear off 28. A. cultures B. emotions C. themes D. lessons 29. A. changing B. marching C. unfolding D. passing 30. A. mess B. grasp C. expect D. question 31. A. identify B. hide C. control D. express 32. A. a live B. misty C. mixed D. weak 33. A. original B. special C. handheld D. complete 34. A. works B. styles C. products D. editions 35. A. shocked B. sheltered C. liberated D. defined 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是作者无意中发现的一本书，给作者打开了一个新的世界，也影响了作者的一生。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：想着如何缓解这种无聊，我侧身斜靠着，我的手落在地板上，地板突然弹起来，差点撞到我的头。A. relieve缓解；B. knock敲打；C. experience体验；D. defend防御。根据上文中的“On a hot summer day when I was 13, I was bored in my attic (阁楼) bedroom.”可知，作者在一个炎热的夏天感到有些无聊，结合下文中的“I leaned (斜靠) sideways”可知，作者侧身斜靠着，应该是为了“缓解”这种无聊，符合语境。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：想着如何缓解这种无聊，我侧身斜靠着，我的手落在地板上，地板突然弹起来，差点撞到我的头。A. picked捡拾；B. turned转向；C. popped冷不防冒出，砰砰响；D. came来。根据上文中的“my hand landed on a floorboard”可知，作者的手落到地板上，结合下文中的“and almost hit me in the head”可知，地板差点撞到作者的头，由此可知，此处应为地板“突然弹起”符合语境，pop up意为“弹起”。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我好奇地向里面看的时候，有一本书之类的东西。A. curiously好奇地；B. patiently耐心地；C. aimlessly漫无目的地；D. secretly秘密地。根据语境和上文中的“When I looked inside the open space”可知，作者应是“好奇地”向里面看。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把它拉了出来。A. let让；B. pulled拉；C. reached到达；D. kicked踢。根据上文中的“there was something like a book.”可知，作者看到里面有一本像书一样的东西，所以，此处指的是作者把书从地板下面“拉”出来。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想知道谁会熟悉这些语录，因为我从来没有听说过这本书。A. challenging具有挑战性的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. important重要的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据下文中的“because I’d never heard of this book.”可知，作者自己从未听说过这本书，所以想知道谁“熟悉”这些语录。符合语境。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：既然我很无聊，所以我决定看看书里有什么。A. although尽管；B. after在……之后；C. supposing假如；D. since既然。根据下文中的“I was bored”和“I decided to see what was inside the book.”为因果关系，所以此处应为“既然”符合逻辑。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始翻阅书页，读到不同的情绪。A. leaf through翻阅；B. check over仔细检查；C. look for寻找；D. tear off扯掉。根据下文中的“reading about different ____8____ .”以及“I learned about comfort, hope, love and even loneliness.”可知，此处指作者开始“翻阅”书籍。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始翻阅书页，读到不同的情绪。A. cultures文化；B. emotions情感；C. themes主题；D. lessons课，教训。根据下文中的“I learned about comfort, hope, love and even loneliness.”可知，作者在读书的时候，了解到了很多与情绪相关的知识。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：感觉一个新的世界在我面前展开。A. changing改变；B. marching行进；C. unfolding打开；D. passing通过。根据下文中的“I learned about different quotes and phrases, and I got to ____10____ how language could be used to ____11____ , complex emotions.”可知，作者通过阅读巴特利特的书，学到了很多不同的引语和短语等，此处指的是这本书为作者“打开”一个新的世界。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学到了不同的引语和短语，我掌握了语言如何被用来表达复杂的情感。A. mess弄乱；B. grasp精通，掌握；C. expect期望；D. question提问。根据上文中的“It felt like a new world ____9____ before me. I learned about different quotes and phrases”可知，这本书为作者打开了一个新世界，作者从中学到了很多不同的引语和短语，此处讲述的仍是作者在这本书中的收获，所以此处为“掌握”。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学到了不同的引语和短语，我掌握了语言如何被用来表达复杂的情感。A. identify识别；B. hide隐藏；C. control控制；D. express表达。根据上文中的“I learned about different quotes and phrases”以及下文中的“I also realized how those emotions I’d felt while reading Bartlett’s became ____12____ in the characters I encountered in novels.”可知，此处讲述的是作者在这本书中学到的很多知识，结合下文中的“complex emotions”可知，此处讲述的是作者学会了如何“表达”复杂感情。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也意识到，我在阅读巴特利特的作品时感受到的那些情感是如何在我遇到的小说人物身上变得生动起来的。A. alive有活力的；B. misty模糊的；C. mixed混合的；D. weak虚弱的。根据上文中的“I also realized how those emotions I’d felt while reading Bartlett’s”可知，此处讲述作者在阅读巴特利特的作品时的感受，结合下文中的“in the characters I encountered in novels.”可知，此处提到了作者以前在小说中遇到的一些人物角色，此处指的是作者受阅读巴特利特的作品里描述的不同情感内容的影响，能感受到那些情感是如何在他小说的人物身上变得“生动”的。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我一直保存着我的原始版本，我仍然经常引用它。A. original最初的；B. special特别的；C. handheld手持的；D. complete完全的。根据上文中的“When I went to college, Bartlett’s came with me.”可知，作者始终保存着巴特利特的作品，结合下文中的“which I still often refer to.”可知，作者经常用保存的巴特利特的作品来作为参考，所以此处指的是作者保存的“原始的”版本。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我买了几本更新的版本，但第一本是解放了我的，它帮助我摆脱了无聊，看到了我年轻的头脑和心灵无法理解的东西。A. works作品；B. styles风格；C. products产品；D. editions版本。根据上文中的“I’ve bought a few of the newer”以及下文中的“but the first one is the one”可知，此处指的是作者拿新买的“版本”与最早保存的那本巴特利特的作品作比较，来说明第一版对作者的影响深远。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我买了几本更新的版本，但第一本是解放了我的，它帮助我摆脱了无聊，看到了我年轻的头脑和心灵无法理解的东西。A. shocked使震惊；B. sheltered保护，掩蔽；C. liberated解放；D. defined阐明，明确。根据下文中的“that helped me escape from the boredom, and see more than my young mind and heart could understand.”可知，第一本巴特利特的作品让作者摆脱了无聊，看到了年轻的头脑和心灵无法理解的东西，此处指的是第一本巴特利特的作品“解放”了作者。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tanghulu(also known as bingtang hulu) is a traditional Chinese snack ___36___(consist)of hardened sugar-coated fruits on a stick. ___37___(classic), tanghulu is made of hawthorn berries ___38___ are rich in vitamin C. In recent times, tanghulu makers ___39___(add) variety to this traditional snack by using other fruits such as cherries, strawberries, pineapples or grapes. Tanghulu can taste sweet or sour, depending on your fruit. Traditional tanghulu using hawthorn berries is said to taste ___40___ a combination of both. You can, of course, make your own tanghulu using any fruit you desire. Tanghulu is easier to make at home than you might think. The trick is to use the correct water-to-sugar ratio(比例) and boil the mixture ___41___ its temperature reaches 150℃. Then quickly dip your fruit skewer(扦) into the mixture. This will result in fruit that’s coated in a thin layer of hard candy that cracks when ___42___(bite) into. Tanghulu is commonly eaten in the winter. You can find ___43___(travel)traders roaming in the streets, selling this unique snack. If you want to try the sticky treat yourself, you can find plentiful Tanghulu ___44___(stand) near most of the popular tourist attractions in China. Tanghulu isn’t expensive, as a skewer costs only $1. So what could possibly stop you from giving one ____45____ try? 【答案】36. consisting 37. Classically 38. which##that 39. have added 40. like 41. until 42. bitten 43. traveling##travelling 44. stands 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了糖葫芦的制作方法和吃法。 【36题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：糖葫芦（也被称为冰糖葫芦）是一种传统的中国小吃，由串在签子上的裹着硬糖的水果组成。此处表示“由……组成”，使用现在分词短语作后置定语修饰snack，tanghulu和consist of之间是主动关系，故填consisting。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：传统上，糖葫芦是由富含维生素C的山楂果制成。此处用副词修饰整个句子，表示“传统上”，所以用Classically。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：传统上，糖葫芦是由富含维生素C的山楂果制成。先行词是hawthorn berries，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which/that，故填which/that。 【39题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：近来，糖葫芦制作者通过使用樱桃、草莓、菠萝或葡萄等其他水果为这种传统小吃增添了多样性。根据In recent times可知，此处用现在完成时，表示“已经增加了”，主语tanghulu makers为复数，故填have added。 【40题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：传统的用山楂做的糖葫芦据说尝起来两者兼而有之。taste like是固定短语，表示“尝起来像”，故填like。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：诀窍是使用正确的水糖比例，并将混合物煮沸，直到温度达到150℃。空处表示“直到……”，引导时间状语从句，故填until。 【42题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：这将导致水果涂上一层薄薄的硬糖，咬进去时会开裂。此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略，完整的句子是when it is bitten into，it和bite之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词bitten。故填bitten。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：你可以看到流动商贩在街头游荡，售卖这种独特的小吃。空处应为形容词修饰空后名词traders，travel的形容词形式为traveling/travelling，意为“旅行的”，故填traveling/travelling。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：如果你想亲自尝尝这种黏糊糊的美食，在中国大多数热门旅游景点附近都能找到很多卖糖葫芦的摊位。此处表示“糖葫芦摊”为泛指，stand是可数名词，此处用复数形式stands。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：那么，有什么可能会阻止你去尝试一下呢？give sth. a try是固定短语，表示“试一试某物”，故填a。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是某报编辑李华，昨天收到学生王林的来信。请根据来信的内容和所给的要点提示用英语写一封回信。 Dear editor, I’m a senior high school student. My parents love me very much. I deeply appreciate their love for me. However, sometimes they show me so much love that I feel uneasy, which really makes me worried. What should l do then? Best wishes. Yours, Wang Lin 写作要点：1. 跟父母倾诉心里话；2. 感恩父母，理解父母心。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数。 Dear Wang Lin, I have read your letter. It is nice of you to be grateful for your parents’ love. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Wang Lin, I have read your letter. It is nice of you to be grateful for your parents’ love. When you feel uneasy due to their overabundant love, talk to them openly.  Firstly, engage in an honest heart-to-heart talk with them. This way, you open the channels of communication. What’s more, always keep in mind that parents’ love is like a warm shelter in the storm. Express your gratitude frequently and try to understand their intentions. After all, parents’ love is unconditional.  Remember, a good conversation can work wonders. Yours sincerely Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学生王林对父母的爱感到不安写一份回信。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 不安：uneasy→ nervous 其次：What’s more→ In addition 庇护所：shelter→ sanctuary 感激：gratitude→ thankful 2.句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：Express your gratitude frequently and try to understand their intentions. 同义句：Express your gratitude on a regular basis and attempt to comprehend their intentions. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When you feel uneasy due to their overabundant love, talk to them openly.  (运用了When引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】What’s more, always keep in mind that parents’ love is like a warm shelter in the storm. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I’m from the fishing town of Kinsale, in Ireland. Life is pretty good there, but Dubai caught my attention when I was 18. I moved there myself 10 years ago as a 30-year-old film-maker. It’s been a wild ride, full of chaos and wonder. My wife, Christine, lives here with me; when her sister Angela came to visit in April this year, the three of us set off in my pickup truck. It was a cloudless day, touching 40 ℃. The heat and humidity were violent, so we had to sightsee from the car. We took the scenic route between Dubai and Ras al-Khaimah, a charming city in the north. A year earlier, while off-roading with a friend, I got stuck at a water crossing there, at the only inlet on the coast, where the sea flows into a swampy lagoon (咸水湖). I had to be rescued, and learned how quickly the tide (潮水) could come in. Christine spotted what looked like the Loch Ness monster stuck in the sand. We decided to investigate and drove up to where the sand met the lagoon. It was a camel, not moving. Since relocating here, I have always kept a shovel, rope, torches and knives in my car—getting stuck in the desert can be debilitating (耗费体力的). I got out my shovel and approached the camel. It was a female; we nicknamed her Stucky. It looked as if she had been trapped for hours—she was in quite deep. I’ve been around camels a lot in Dubai; they are massive. They can be friendly, but they can also be fierce. I approached Stucky slowly and started to gently dig away the sand around her. I kept patting her. I knew if she swung her head around quickly, she could injure herself, or me. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Christine filmed my rescue attempt and posted photos on social media. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Luckily, at that point, a pickup arrived carrying 7 guys with all sorts of apparatus(装备). ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Christine filmed my rescue attempt and posted photos on social media. Angela gave Stucky water. I focused on digging out her back legs. When I tried to wipe the sweat from my eyes, I would get sand in them. An hour later, we still weren’t making much progress—whenever we nearly freed a leg, which took about 20 minutes, she would get sucked back into the sand. And the more she struggled to get free, the more stuck she became. We were worried it would get dark and the tide would come in. Luckily, at that point, a pickup arrived carrying 7 guys with all sorts of apparatus (装备). Someone saw posted photos of the camel rescue on social media. Word then quickly spread to the small farms a few kilometres away. They joined in and worked super-hard. Everyone was working on all four of the camel’s legs at the same time, using different techniques. When we finally got her out, Stucky’s legs were effectively dead. Then the guys massaged her legs to get the blood flowing. It took about 20 minutes for her to stand. Then she turned, stretched and gave us a wink goodbye. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和妻子以及妻子的姐姐一起在迪拜旅行，旅行途中遇到一只骆驼被困在沙滩中，作者奋力救助这只骆驼，但由于骆驼太大，作者耗费了很长时间也没能救出骆驼，作者的妻子把这件事发布到社交媒体上，引来几公里外小农场里的人来帮忙，最终救出被困的骆驼。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“克里斯汀拍下了我的营救过程并在社交媒体上发布了照片。”可知，第一段可描写作者营救骆驼的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“幸运的是，就在这时，一辆皮卡来了，载着7个人和各种各样的设备。”可知，第二段可描写来人帮忙，和作者共同营救骆驼，最终成功救出骆驼。 2.续写线索：发布在社交媒体上——作者费力营救——没能成功——来人帮忙——成功救出骆驼 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①关注：focus on/pay attention to ②.加入：join in/take part in ③.花费：take/cost 情绪类 ①.担心的：be worried/be concerned ②.麻木的：dead / numb 【点睛】 [高分句型1]. An hour later, we still weren’t making much progress—whenever we nearly freed a leg, which took about 20 minutes, she would get sucked back into the sand.（由which引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]. When we finally got her out, Stucky’s legs were effectively dead. （由when引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$