专题01名词和主谓一致(精讲精练) -【中职专用】2025年对口升学英语二轮复习专项突破(全国通用)

2024-10-10
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专题01 名词与主谓一致 练习巩固答案及解析 1.The musician along with his band members _____ ten performances in the last three months. A. gives            B. has given   C. have given    D. give 【答案】B。 【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意:在过去的三个月里,这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由 “in the last three months” 可知,这句话的时态为现在完成时,故排除A、D选项。本句主语为the musician,为第三人称单数形式,句中的 “along with his band members” 是附加成分,故谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故选B。 2. He is one of the most selfish men that _____ ever lived; that’s why hardly _____ making friends with him. A.has; anyone likes   B. have; does anyone like C. has; no one likes  D. have; anyone likes 【答案】D 【解析】考查主谓一致。that 引导的定语从句修饰的是名词复数men,因此定语从句的谓语动词应用 have。第一个空考查的是定语从句中谓语动词的单复数形式,one of+复数名词+关系代词+复数形式动词,因此第一个空用have;后半句译为“那就是几乎没有任何人和他交朋友的原因”,hardly 表示“几乎不”,根据句意,后面应是肯定句,故排除 C 项;hardly 作为否定副词放在句首时,句子才使用倒装语序,因此排除 B 项。故选 D 项。 3. It is important to remember that success _____ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _____ years of achieve. A. is; takes  B. are; takes  C. are; take  D. is; take 【答案】A 【解析】主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。根据分析,第一空的谓语要填一个第三人称单数,因为处谓语动词的主语是success,故谓语要用is;后面的句子:often _____  years to achieve的主语也是success,故第二空的谓语也是一个单数形式。 句意:成功是将每天一点点的努力积累起来,也是需要多年的努力去获取的,记住这些很重要。 4. The father as well as his three children _____ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going      B. go C. goes          D. are going 【答案】C 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。当 as well as 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的数应与 as well as 前面的名词或代词保持一致。 本题的谓语动词应与 The father 保持一致,用第三人称单数形式; 由时间状语 every Sunday afternoon 可知,本句应用一般现在时。 故选 C 项。 句意:在冬天的每个星期天下午,这位父亲和他的三个孩子都去结冰的河面上滑冰。 5.  This is _________ room, and it is beautiful and lovely. A.  Betty and Sara B.  Betty’s and Sara’s C.  Betty and Sara’s D.  Betty’s and Sara 【答案】C 【解析】  考查’s所有格,两个人共同拥有,只需要在最后一个名词后加所有格。故选C。 6. —Whose umbrellas are these? —They are those _______. A.  men B.  men’s C.  man’s D.  man 【答案】B 【解析】  所有格,考查men复数名词的所有格。 7. This is a photo__________ my family. A. for B. in C. of D. at 【答案】 C. 【解析】  考查所有格。 8. Teddy is _________. A.  a student of my sister B.  a student of my sister’s C.  my sister’s students D.  student of sister 【答案】B 【解析】  考查双重所有格。句意:泰迪是我姐姐学生中的一名。符合双重所有格结构“限定词 + 名词 + of + 表人的所有格”,故选B。 9.  ---Excuse me, is the museum far from here? ---No, it’s about _________. A.5 minutes walk B.5 minute walk C. 5 minutes’ walk 【答案】C 【解析】  考查’s所有格表示时间。五分钟的路程,五分钟为复数用-s’的形式。 10.  There are some flowers on ______ desk. A.  Mr. Li B.  Mrs. Wang C.  Miss Green’s D.  She’s 【答案】C 【解析】  考察所有格。根据句意:在格林女士的桌子上有一些花儿。表示“……的”加’s,故选C。 11.Mr.Jackson keeps lots of ________ on his farm. A.sheep     B.chicken C.goose   D.pandas 【答案】A。 【解析】sheep 的单复数同形;chicken 当 “鸡” 讲时,复数是 chickens;goose 的复数是 geese;pandas 是 “熊猫”,一般不能在农场养。所以选 A。 12.All the ________ in our school enjoyed themselves on March 8th because it was their own holiday. A.men teachers  B.women teachers   C.women teacher  D.woman teachers 【答案】B。 【解析】“女教师” 的复数表达是 women teachers,当 man/woman 修饰名词变为复数时,两个词都要变成复数形式。 13.I like ________ best of all the vegetables. A.potatoes     B.tomato    C.breads    D.rice 【答案】A。 【解析】of all the vegetables 表明是在蔬菜中选择,tomato 是可数名词要用复数;bread 和 rice 不是蔬菜;potato 的复数是 potatoes。所以选 A。 14.Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of ________. A.knowledge    B.energy    B.change    D.courage 【答案】B。 【解析】take a lot of exercise 说明会充满能量,energy 意为 “能量”;knowledge 是 “知识”;change 是 “变化”;courage 是 “勇气”。所以选 B。 15.I have great ________ in learning math and I am so worried. A.trouble B.interest     C.fun D.idea 【答案】A。 【解析】have trouble in doing sth. 表示 “做某事有困难”;have interest in 是 “对…… 有兴趣”;have fun doing sth. 是 “做某事很开心”;idea 通常与 have an idea 搭配,表示 “有一个主意”。根据后文 “我很担心” 可知是学数学有困难,所以选 A。 16.—Do you like ________? —No.I like blue. A.orange    B.apples    B.flowers   D.Milk 【答案】A。 【解析】根据答语 “I like blue.” 可知是在问颜色,orange 可表示 “橙色”;apples 是 “苹果”;flowers 是 “花”;milk 是 “牛奶”。所以选 A。 17.Tomorrow is ________. The students want to buy some flowers for their teachers. A.Teacher Day      B.Teacher's Day   C.Teachers' Day D.the Teachers Day 【答案】C。【解析】“教师节” 是 Teachers' Day,固定表达。 18.—Are there any ________ in your school? —Yes, there are. A.Germen       B.Germans      C.German      D.Germens 【答案】B。【解析】German 的复数是 Germans。 19.—How far is your cousin's home from here? —It's about two ________ ride. A.hour's  B.hours   B.hours'        D.hour 【答案】C。【解析】two hours' ride 表示 “两小时的车程”,这里要用名词所有格形式。 20.The boy didn't sleep well last night because of the _____ from the factory. A.voice    B.noise    B.music    D.song 【答案】B。 【解析】noise 表示 “噪音”;voice 一般指人的声音;music 是 “音乐”;song 是 “歌曲”。工厂发出的一般是噪音,所以选 B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题01名词和主谓一致 名词 一、名词复数练习 I.名词变复数变形规则 1.一般情况直接加--s newspaper --- ______________ 2. 以s, x, sh, ch结尾加--es dress ---_______, box ---________, dish ---______ watch--______ 3. 以o结尾 有生命的加—es tomato________, potato________, hero_______ 无生命的加 –s photo _______, radio_______, video --______ 4. 辅音字母加y结尾,改y为i+es candy__________, family __________ 5. 以f/ fe结尾,改f/ fe为v+es life________, knife_______ wife________ leaf _________ 6. 单复数同形 sheep_________ fish__________deer__________ 7. 不规则 man _________, tooth -- ____________ II.各国人的复数变化分三种情况: 1. 瑞士人、中国人、日本人单数、复数形式相同 a Japanese , two _______ a Chinese, two __________ 2. 荷兰人、英国人、法国人变词尾的man为men an Englishman , some ________ a Frenchman , two ________ 3. 其它各国人词尾加s a German , five ______ a Italian, ten _______ an American , three ________ III.复合名词的复数形式(4种) 1.中间没有连字符,也没有间隔的复合名词将最后一个词变成复数形式 birthday–birthdays blackboard ________ bookshelf _______ gentleman _______ 2.中间有连字符或间隔的复合名词,将其中主要的词变成复数形式 daughter-in-law — daughters-in-law book worm _________ living room ________ 3. 组成复合名词的单词中没有名词时,在最后一个个单词的词尾加s go-between -- go-betweens 中间人 forget-me-not 勿忘我(草) ____________ 4.由man,woman作为第一部分的复合名词,将两部分皆变成复数形式 man cook–men cooks男厨师 woman doctor ________ man teacher ________ 二、名词所有格 I.重难点:  1. 表示几个人共有一个物体,在最后一个名词词尾加-’s, 如: Tony and Tommy’s room is not very big. 托尼和吉姆的房间不是很大。(表示共有) 2.表示几个人各自所有,在每个名词词尾都加-’s, 如: Jane ‘s and Lily’s mothers are both teachers. 简的妈妈和莉莉的妈妈都是老师。(表示各自所有) II.易错点: “of+’s所有格”和“of+名词”所表达的意义不同, 如: This is a photo of Jane’s. 这是简的一张照片。 (指照片归简所有,但照片里是什么不清楚,可能是简,也可能不是) This is a photo of Jane. 这是一张简本人的照片。(指照片上是简本人) 主谓一致 一、概念: 主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致,遵循以下4个原则: 1.语法一致: 谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致 2.意义一致: 谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致 3.就近原则: 谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致 4.就前原则:谓语动词要和最前面的主语部分保持一致 一、语法一致原则: 1. 主语【不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句等】+谓语单数 2. 主语(可数名词复数、复数代词)+谓语(复数) 3. A number of+名词复数+谓语(复数) 4. the number of+名词复数+谓语(单数) 5. each,each...,every...+谓语(单数) 6. One of the +名词附属+谓语(单数) 7. 不定代词either,neither以及复合不定代词+谓语(单数) 8. And,both...and...+谓语(复数) 二、意义一致原则: 1. 表示时间/距离/金钱/重量/价格/长度等复数名词(词组)作主语+谓语单数 2. politics、physics、works、the United States、news、maths等做主语+谓语(单数) 3. people、police、cattle、clothes等做主语+谓语(单数) 4. 集体名词family、team、group、class、crowd、company等做主语+ 5. ①谓语复数(个人行为感受) 6. ②谓语单数(整体概念) 7. The ++形容词+谓语复数 8. 分数、百分数+of+名词;a lot of/ lots of /plenty of/ half of/ the rest of/ a part of做主语(看名词中心词是否可数)+谓语(单数/复数) 9. The+姓氏复数+谓语复数 10. and并列链接的主语表同一个人或物+谓语单数 三、就近和&就前(远)原则用词归类 v 就近原则: not only... but also..., either... or..., neither... nor..., there be句型  v 就前(远)原则: with, along with, together with, except (for), but,as well as 练习巩固 1.The musician along with his band members _____ ten performances in the last three months. A. gives            B. has given   C. have given    D. give 2. He is one of the most selfish men that _____ ever lived; that’s why hardly _____ making friends with him. A.has; anyone likes   B. have; does anyone like C. has; no one likes  D. have; anyone likes 3. It is important to remember that success _____ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _____ years of achieve. A. is; takes  B. are; takes  C. are; take  D. is; take 4. The father as well as his three children _____ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going      B. go C. goes          D. are going 5.  This is _________ room, and it is beautiful and lovely. A.  Betty and Sara B.  Betty’s and Sara’s C.  Betty and Sara’s D.  Betty’s and Sara 6. —Whose umbrellas are these? —They are those _______. A.  men B.  men’s C.  man’s D.  man 7. This is a photo__________ my family. A. for B. in C. of D. at 8. Teddy is _________. A.  a student of my sister B.  a student of my sister’s C.  my sister’s students D.  student of sister 9.  ---Excuse me, is the museum far from here? ---No, it’s about _________. A.  5 minutes walk B.  5 minute walk C.  5 minutes’ walk 10.  There are some flowers on ______ desk. A.  Mr. Li B.  Mrs. Wang C.  Miss Green’s D.  She’s 11.Mr.Jackson keeps lots of ________ on his farm. A.sheep     B.chicken C.goose   D.pandas 12.All the ________ in our school enjoyed themselves on March 8th because it was their own holiday. A.men teachers  B.women teachers   C.women teacher  D.woman teachers 13.I like ________ best of all the vegetables. A.potatoes     B.tomato    C.breads    D.rice 14.Jennifer takes a lot of exercise every day and she is always full of ________. A.knowledge    B.energy    B.change    D.courage 15.I have great ________ in learning math and I am so worried. A.trouble B.interest     C.fun D.idea 16.—Do you like ________? —No.I like blue. A.orange    B.apples    B.flowers   D.Milk 17.Tomorrow is ________. The students want to buy some flowers for their teachers. A.Teacher Day      B.Teacher's Day   C.Teachers' Day D.the Teachers Day 18.—Are there any ________ in your school? —Yes, there are. A.Germen       B.Germans      C.German      D.Germens 19.—How far is your cousin's home from here? —It's about two ________ ride. A.hour's  B.hours   B.hours'        D.hour 20.The boy didn't sleep well last night because of the _____ from the factory. A.voice    B.noise    B.music    D.song 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题01名词和主谓一致(精讲精练) -【中职专用】2025年对口升学英语二轮复习专项突破(全国通用)
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专题01名词和主谓一致(精讲精练) -【中职专用】2025年对口升学英语二轮复习专项突破(全国通用)
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