精品解析：福建省莆田第十五中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题

莆田第十五中学2024-2025学年上学期高二英语第一次月考试卷 注意事项： 1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman want to do? A．Catch up on much work. B．Go out for dinner. C．Visit Sarah with the man. 2．Where will Jenny further her study next year? A．To Britain. B．To America. C．To China. 3．What sport did Steve play? A．Basketball. B．Football. C．Tennis. 4．What is the man going to do? A．Stay at home. B．Go hiking. C．Visit a museum. 5．What will the weather probably be like tomorrow? A．Sunny. B．Snowy. C．Rainy. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．Which name was finally set on the student card? A．Alexander. B．Jonathan. C．Rutherford. 7．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In the reading room. B．In the dining hall. C．At the registration office. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．How long does Lisa probably spend playing the piano each day? A．One hour. B．Two hours. C．Three hours. 9．What does the boy mean in the end? A．He is very interested in drawing. B．He wants to have more flexible time. C．He doesn’t have time to play the guitar. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．Where does Mark usually read news now? A．In a newspaper B．In a magazine. C．On the Internet. 11．What makes the woman surprised about the machine? A．It has a small glass window. B．It can make a pizza in a short time. C．It offers four types of pizzas at a time. 12．What does the woman think of the machine? A．It might not be popular. B．It is quite necessary. C．It will certainly succeed. 13．What is an advantage of the machine? A．The 24-hour service. B．Tasty pizza made by it. C．The low production cost. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Host and housekeeper. C．Parent and babysitter. 15．What does the man expect the woman to do? A．Make herself feel at ease. B．Put on a performance. C．Help Rick with his homework. 16．What should the woman avoid doing? A．Using the dishwasher. B．Leaving the children alone. C．Giving cookies to the children. 17．What do we know about the man? A．He likes singing. B．He is familiar with Linette. C．He knows his children well. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．What has the dragon traditionally symbolized in Chinese culture? A．Wealth and wisdom. B．Power and mystery. C．Peace and harmony. 19．Which dynasties did the Forbidden City serve as the royal palace? A．Tang and Song Dynasties. B．Yuan and Ming Dynasties. C．Ming and Qing Dynasties. 20．What role do the dragons appear to fulfill? A．Guardians of the ancient palaces. B．Representations of annual festivals. C．Parent and babysitter. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four novels to read this winter To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee This classic novel explores racism in the American South through the eyes of a young girl named Scout Finch and her father, Atticus Finch, a just and sympathetic lawyer. To Kill a Mockingbird earned the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1961 and was made into an Academy Award-winning film in 1962, giving the story and its characters further life and influence over the American social sphere. For more, click here One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel García Márquez This novel tells the story of the Buendía family over seven generations in the town of Macondo, combining magic realism with the portrayal of Latin American culture and history. The novel won many awards for Márquez, leading the way to his eventual honor of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982 for his entire body of work, of which One Hundred Years of Solitude is often lauded as his most triumphant. For more, click here Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison This groundbreaking novel delves into the expression of identity for African American males, with the unnamed narrator facing adversity and discrimination as he moves from the South to New York City. The novel is renowned for its surreal and experimental style of writing that explores the symbolism surrounding African American identity and culture. Invisible Man won the U.S. National Book Award for Fiction in 1953. For more, click here Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf This novel describes one day in the life of a British socialite named Clarissa Dalloway, using a stream-of-consciousness style to provide a deeply personal look into the characters’ minds, focusing on their regrets, struggles with mental illness, and the impact of social pressures. The novel’s unique style, subject, and time setting make it one of the most respected and regarded works of all time. For more, click here 1. Which novel won the U. S. National Book Award for Fiction? A. Invisible Man. B. Mrs. Dalloway. C. To Kill a Mockingbird. D. One Hundred Years of Solitude. 2. What can we learn about One Hundred Years of Solitude? A. The author won the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1982. B. The author tells his true family story in this novel. C. The author uses a writing style called magic realism. D. The author explores the symbolism on African culture. 3. Where can we most probably find the passage? A. In a magazine. B. In a science report. C. On a movie poster. D. On the Internet. B For more than two decades, Elon Musk has focused SpaceX, his rocket company, on his lifelong goal of reaching Mars. Over the last year, he has also built up work on what will happen if he gets there. Mr. Musk, 53, has directed SpaceX employees to drill into the design and details of a Martian city, according to five people with knowledge of the efforts and documents viewed by The New York Times. One team is drawing up plans for small dome habitats, including the materials that could be used to build them. Another is working on spacesuits to combat Mars's hostile environment, while a medical team is researching whether humans can have children there. These initiatives, which are at their early stage, are a shift toward more concrete planning for life on Mars as Mr. Musk's timeline has hastened (加速). While he said in 2016 that it would take 40 to 100 years to have a self- sustaining civilization on the planet, Mr. Musk told SpaceX employees in April that he now expects one million people to be living there in about 20 years. Mr. Musk has long tried to defy(违抗) the impossible and has often managed to beat tough odds. But his vision for life on Mars takes his seemingly limitless ambitions to their most extreme — and some might say absurdist — point. No one has ever set foot on the planet. NASA doesn't expect to land humans on Mars until the 2040s. And if people get there they will be greeted by a barren terrain, icy temperatures, dust storms, and air that is impossible to breathe. Yet Mr. Musk is so wedded (执着) to the idea of creating a civilization on Mars — he once said he plans to die there — that it has pushed nearly every business endeavor he has undertaken on Earth. His vision for Mars underlies most of the six companies that he leads or owns, each of which could potentially contribute to a space colony, according to the documents and the people with knowledge of the efforts. The Boring Company, a private tunneling venture founded by Mr. Musk, was started in part to ready equipment to dig under Mars's surface, two of the people said. Mr. Musk has told people that he bought X, the social media platform, partly to help test how a citizen-led government that rules by consensus might work on Mars. He has also said that he envisions residents on the planet will drive a version of the steel-paneled Cybertrucks made by Tesla, his electric vehicle company. 4. What measures are being taken by SpaceX to realize their dream of Mars? A. Designing large spaceships and building hospitals. B. Planning for habitats and designing spacesuits. C. Developing technologies and training medical teams. D. Building space stations and inspiring employees to strive. 5. How do some people find Mr. Musk's vision for Mars? A. Practical and achievable. B. Unreasonable and time- consuming. C. Theoretical and promising. D. Over-ambitious and ridiculous. 6. Why did Mr. Musk purchase X social media platform? A. Because he intended to create a company on Mars. B. Because he was interested in promoting social network on Mars. C. Because he wanted to make profits by running it on Mars. D. Because he dream t of a resident- managed government for Mars. 7. What is the passage mainly about? A. Elon Musk's determination and initiatives to put people on Mars. B. Elon Musk's efforts to overcome the challenges of exploring Mars. C. Elon Musk's overall vision for the future development of Mars. D. Elon Musk's companies on Mars and their contributions. C I arrived home from work, my mind racing. I was scheduled to perform an experiment using a pricey piece of equipment, but I had spent the whole day worrying about the experiment which was on the top of my agenda, and I amazingly longed to shut off my anxious thoughts. So after dinner, I made a cup of hot chocolate, stretched myself on my sofa, and opened a page. Almost instantly, my mind left behind the details of experimental design and stepped into a land of monsters, magic dust, and man-like bears comprising a wonderful world distinct from my daily life. It was exactly what I needed. Growing up, I was virtually never a big fan of novels. My classmates would be crazy about the latest Harry Potter book, while my copy sat collecting dust on a shelf. Instead, I would choose to read through the reference books related to my disciplines for better grades. After I started graduate school, extracurricular reading didn’t appeal to me at all but I spent most of my time on campus digesting research papers and textbooks and my mind couldn’t handle processing fact-filled nonfiction books at home, too. So I knew that I needed to find a way to enjoy reading again. To help me stick with it, I made a New Year’s resolution: I would read two fiction books per month for the entire year. The result was an almost instant appreciation of fiction, along with many unexpected results including ones that have benefited my schoolwork. What surprised me the most was how much I learned. Some of the best books I read were historical fictional stories happening in a realistic historical setting. I learned about life in different countries as well as struggles people there faced during difficult periods in their histories. The books have helped me build sympathy and understanding, with an unexpected benefit: I’ve started to think more deeply about the diversity of issues in the scientific community and could serve it, heart and soul. 8 What did the author do to wipe out the anxiety? A. He drowned it in chocolate. B. He escaped into a fantasy world. C. He slept on the sofa leisurely. D. He conducted an experiment. 9. What does the author mean by the underlined part in Paragraph 2? A. Reading novels was a waste of time. B. Reading a good book was time well spent. C. He was too busy to take good care of his books. D. The Harry Potter book wasn’t as good as expected. 10. How did the New Year’s resolution benefit the author? A. More sympathy went out to him. B. His moral values were strengthened. C. He learned much about religious diversity. D. He gained new insight into his academic discipline. 11. What does the author think of the impact reading fiction books has on himself ? A. Overestimated B. Underestimated C. Favourable D. Temporary 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Laughing at Yourself Makes You Attractive Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and were laughed at for it? ___12___ And it’s okay — we should even have a laugh about them. Laughing at yourself means accepting who you really are. You may feel bad about yourself because of past misfortune. However, it’s normal to be imperfect. What’s important is that you should be honest with yourself about who you are. ___13___ You won’t be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance. Laughing at yourself helps increase your confidence. When you’re able to stay optimistic and laugh at yourself, you are likely to be more successful in life. ___14___ More importantly, it helps you realize your own weaknesses, so you know which areas to do better in. ___15___ Laughing at someone else may hurt their feelings even if you didn’t intend to, while laughing at yourself does not. You might even bring a smile to their faces. Don’t worry about losing respect from others, because people actually appreciate it when you laugh at yourself. Laughing at yourself shows that you have the courage to do so and you’re being real about your imperfections, making people think you are likable. As we all know, humans all make mistakes. So instead of blaming yourself, try to think of your mistakes in a positive way and accept yourself as you are. So please remember the above words. ___16___ A. Laughing at yourself makes you popular. B. Accept yourself despite your imperfections. C. You should try to understand yourself better. D. Chances are that we all have these kinds of experiences. E. Laughing at yourself changes an ideal image of yourself. F. Learn to laugh at yourself and you will be more attractive. G. This is because laughing at yourself helps lift your mood in face of difficulties. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节， 满分45分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 1973, I was teaching elementary school (小学). Each day, 27 kids ____17____ “The Thinking Laboratory”. That was the ____18____ students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too dull (枯燥的). Freddy was an average ____19____, but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情). He would ____20____ the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s misfortune. Before the school year ____21____, I gave the kids a special gift, T-shirts with the words “Verbs (动词) Are Your ____22____” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs may seem dull, most of the ____23____ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide ____24____ on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his ____25____ from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before. Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man _____26_____ in his truck. Another time, he _____27_____ a friend money to buy a house. Just last year, I was _____28_____ a classroom teaching when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman _____29_____ for the interruption (打扰) and handed me an envelope (信封). I stopped teaching and _____30_____ it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a _____31_____ from Freddy’s mother. “Freddy passed away. He wanted you to have this. ” 17. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran 18. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan 19. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker 20. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh 21. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended 22. A. Friends B. Awards C. Masters D. Tasks 23. A. simple B. unique C. fun D. clever 24. A. permission B. organizations C. determination D. updates 25. A. graduation B. independence C. signal D. intention 26. A. wait B. sleep C. study D. live 27. A. paid B. charged C. lent D. owed 28. A. booking B. printing C. designing D. organizing 29. A. regretted B. apologized C. excused D. ignored 30. A. opened B. packed C. gave D. held 31. A. picture B. bill C. note D. diary 第二节 语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 语法填空 Confucius was a famous teacher, politician and philosopher (哲学家) who lived in China over 2,600 years ago. Today, he is considered to be one of the world’s _____32_____ (great) teachers. Historians believe that Confucius _____33_____ (bear) in 551 BCE during China’s “Spring and Autumn Period” (771 — 476 BCE). During this period, many rulers were fighting across the country. Because of all the fighting, life was difficult for the poor. They worked hard for their rulers and received little money _____34_____ return. As Confucius grew up, his favorite thing to do was learning. His mother saw this and did her best _____35_____ (help) him learn. _____36_____ (eventual), wealthy families noticed how smart he was _____37_____ offered him jobs counting their money and keeping track of their crops. Confucius did this until he was 30 years old, but he always wanted to do more. For _____38_____ rest of his life, Confucius traveled and taught the people of China about self-discipline (自律) and the _____39_____ (important) of education. He even opened China’s first school in _____40_____ he taught both the poor and the wealthy as equals. In 479 BCE, Confucius died at the age of 72. His loyal students continued to travel around China long after his death, teaching all ______41______ (class) of people. 第三节 完成句子(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 42. 然而一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。 However, some scientists ________ ________ ________ help humans realise their dream to explore space. 43. 这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。 This is because people believe in the importance of ________________ space exploration despite the huge risks. 44. China has become the first country________(land) a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. （所给词的适当形式填空） 45. My parents desired that I________ (contribute) the money to my family’s household. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46. （语法填空）As ________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 47. The organization committee set a limit________ the number. (用适当的词填空) 48. Wearing a long red coat, she was easily ________ (spot) by her friend in the crowd. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. I will recommend this book without ________ (hesitate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. I was about to set off ________ he dropped in. (用适当的词填空) 51. You may be physically and __________(mental) exhausted after a long flight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 书面表达(满分35分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 52. 在英语口语课上, 外教 Chris 组织同学们讨论“Is it better to have siblings (兄弟姐妹)than to be an only child?”, 请你代表小组发言, 内容包括: 1.小组观点; 2.陈述理由. 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Hello, everyone. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening. 第二节 读后续写(满分20分) 53. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Missus Sommers one day found herself the unexpected owner of fifteen dollars. It seemed to her a very large amount of money. For a day or two she walked around in a dreamy state as she thought about her choices. Her daughter Janie was wearing worn shoes and needed new ones. She would buy cloth for new shirts for the boys. Her daughter Mag should have another dress. And still there would be enough left for new stockings for her children. The idea about how to spend the dollars made her restless with excitement. On the day she planned to go shopping with the money, she ate a light meal- no! Between getting the children fed and the house cleaned, and preparing herself to go shopping, she forgot to eat at all! When she arrived at the large department store, she spotted a pile of silk stockings at the entrance. A sign nearby announced that they had been reduced in price a young girl behind the counter asked her if she wished to examine the silky leg coverings. She smiled as if she had been asked to inspect diamond jewelry, and started to feel the soft, expensive items. Missus Sommers picked up a black pair and looked at them closely. Two red marks suddenly showed on her pale face. She looked up at the shop girl and said proudly, “Well, I will buy this pair.” Missus Sommers changed her cotton stockings for the new silk ones in the ladies’ rest area. She had let herself be controlled by some machine-like force that directed her actions and freed her of responsibility. How good was the touch of the silk on her skin! Then she put her shoes back on and put her old stockings into her bag. Next, she went to the shoe department, where she tried on a pair of new boots. Her foot and ankle looked lovely. She could not believe that they were a part of herself. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3.续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已为你写好； 4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1： After buying a pair of new boots, she walked into the clothing department. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： She was about to leave the store when a kid running around reminded her of something. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 莆田第十五中学2024-2025学年上学期高二英语第一次月考试卷 注意事项： 1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman want to do? A．Catch up on much work. B．Go out for dinner. C．Visit Sarah with the man. 2．Where will Jenny further her study next year? A．To Britain. B．To America. C．To China. 3．What sport did Steve play? A．Basketball. B．Football. C．Tennis. 4．What is the man going to do? A．Stay at home. B．Go hiking. C．Visit a museum. 5．What will the weather probably be like tomorrow? A．Sunny. B．Snowy. C．Rainy. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．Which name was finally set on the student card? A．Alexander. B．Jonathan. C．Rutherford. 7．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In the reading room. B．In the dining hall. C．At the registration office. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．How long does Lisa probably spend playing the piano each day? A．One hour. B．Two hours. C．Three hours. 9．What does the boy mean in the end? A．He is very interested in drawing. B．He wants to have more flexible time. C．He doesn’t have time to play the guitar. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10．Where does Mark usually read news now? A．In a newspaper. B．In a magazine. C．On the Internet. 11．What makes the woman surprised about the machine? A．It has a small glass window. B．It can make a pizza in a short time. C．It offers four types of pizzas at a time. 12．What does the woman think of the machine? A．It might not be popular. B．It is quite necessary. C．It will certainly succeed. 13．What is an advantage of the machine? A．The 24-hour service. B．Tasty pizza made by it. C．The low production cost. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Host and housekeeper. C．Parent and babysitter. 15．What does the man expect the woman to do? A．Make herself feel at ease. B．Put on a performance. C．Help Rick with his homework. 16．What should the woman avoid doing? A．Using the dishwasher. B．Leaving the children alone. C．Giving cookies to the children. 17．What do we know about the man? A．He likes singing. B．He is familiar with Linette. C．He knows his children well. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．What has the dragon traditionally symbolized in Chinese culture? A．Wealth and wisdom. B．Power and mystery. C．Peace and harmony. 19．Which dynasties did the Forbidden City serve as the royal palace? A．Tang and Song Dynasties. B．Yuan and Ming Dynasties. C．Ming and Qing Dynasties. 20．What role do the dragons appear to fulfill? A．Guardians of the ancient palaces. B．Representations of annual festivals. C．Parent and babysitter. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four novels to read this winter To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee This classic novel explores racism in the American South through the eyes of a young girl named Scout Finch and her father, Atticus Finch, a just and sympathetic lawyer. To Kill a Mockingbird earned the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1961 and was made into an Academy Award-winning film in 1962, giving the story and its characters further life and influence over the American social sphere. For more, click here One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel García Márquez This novel tells the story of the Buendía family over seven generations in the town of Macondo, combining magic realism with the portrayal of Latin American culture and history. The novel won many awards for Márquez, leading the way to his eventual honor of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982 for his entire body of work, of which One Hundred Years of Solitude is often lauded as his most triumphant. For more, click here Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison This groundbreaking novel delves into the expression of identity for African American males, with the unnamed narrator facing adversity and discrimination as he moves from the South to New York City. The novel is renowned for its surreal and experimental style of writing that explores the symbolism surrounding African American identity and culture. Invisible Man won the U.S. National Book Award for Fiction in 1953. For more, click here Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf This novel describes one day in the life of a British socialite named Clarissa Dalloway, using a stream-of-consciousness style to provide a deeply personal look into the characters’ minds, focusing on their regrets, struggles with mental illness, and the impact of social pressures. The novel’s unique style, subject, and time setting make it one of the most respected and regarded works of all time. For more, click here 1. Which novel won the U. S. National Book Award for Fiction? A. Invisible Man. B. Mrs. Dalloway. C. To Kill a Mockingbird. D. One Hundred Years of Solitude. 2. What can we learn about One Hundred Years of Solitude? A. The author won the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1982. B. The author tells his true family story in this novel. C. The author uses a writing style called magic realism. D. The author explores the symbolism on African culture. 3. Where can we most probably find the passage? A. In a magazine. B. In a science report. C On a movie poster. D. On the Internet. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是今年冬天要读的四本小说的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Invisible Man部分的“Invisible Man won the U.S. National Book Award for Fiction in 1953.(Invisible Man于1953年获得美国国家图书奖)”可知，Invisible Man获得了美国国家图书奖。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据One Hundred Years of Solitude部分的“This novel tells the story of the Buendía family over seven generations in the town of Macondo, combining magic realism with the portrayal of Latin American culture and history.(这部小说讲述了Buendía家族在Macondo镇七代人的故事，将魔幻现实主义与拉美文化和历史的刻画结合起来)”可知，One Hundred Years of Solitude的作者使用了一种叫做魔幻现实主义的写作风格。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据每一部分的“For more, click here(更多信息，请点击这里)”可推知，我们最有可能在网上找到这篇文章。故选D。 B For more than two decades, Elon Musk has focused SpaceX, his rocket company, on his lifelong goal of reaching Mars. Over the last year, he has also built up work on what will happen if he gets there. Mr. Musk, 53, has directed SpaceX employees to drill into the design and details of a Martian city, according to five people with knowledge of the efforts and documents viewed by The New York Times. One team is drawing up plans for small dome habitats, including the materials that could be used to build them. Another is working on spacesuits to combat Mars's hostile environment, while a medical team is researching whether humans can have children there. These initiatives, which are at their early stage, are a shift toward more concrete planning for life on Mars as Mr. Musk's timeline has hastened (加速). While he said in 2016 that it would take 40 to 100 years to have a self- sustaining civilization on the planet, Mr. Musk told SpaceX employees in April that he now expects one million people to be living there in about 20 years. Mr. Musk has long tried to defy(违抗) the impossible and has often managed to beat tough odds. But his vision for life on Mars takes his seemingly limitless ambitions to their most extreme — and some might say absurdist — point. No one has ever set foot on the planet. NASA doesn't expect to land humans on Mars until the 2040s. And if people get there, they will be greeted by a barren terrain, icy temperatures, dust storms, and air that is impossible to breathe. Yet Mr. Musk is so wedded (执着) to the idea of creating a civilization on Mars — he once said he plans to die there — that it has pushed nearly every business endeavor he has undertaken on Earth. His vision for Mars underlies most of the six companies that he leads or owns, each of which could potentially contribute to a space colony, according to the documents and the people with knowledge of the efforts. The Boring Company, a private tunneling venture founded by Mr. Musk, was started in part to ready equipment to dig under Mars's surface, two of the people said. Mr. Musk has told people that he bought X, the social media platform, partly to help test how a citizen-led government that rules by consensus might work on Mars. He has also said that he envisions residents on the planet will drive a version of the steel-paneled Cybertrucks made by Tesla, his electric vehicle company. 4. What measures are being taken by SpaceX to realize their dream of Mars? A. Designing large spaceships and building hospitals. B. Planning for habitats and designing spacesuits. C. Developing technologies and training medical teams. D. Building space stations and inspiring employees to strive. 5. How do some people find Mr. Musk's vision for Mars? A. Practical and achievable. B. Unreasonable and time- consuming. C. Theoretical and promising. D. Over-ambitious and ridiculous. 6. Why did Mr. Musk purchase X social media platform? A. Because he intended to create a company on Mars. B. Because he was interested in promoting social network on Mars. C. Because he wanted to make profits by running it on Mars. D. Because he dream t of a resident- managed government for Mars. 7. What is the passage mainly about? A. Elon Musk's determination and initiatives to put people on Mars. B. Elon Musk's efforts to overcome the challenges of exploring Mars. C. Elon Musk's overall vision for the future development of Mars. D. Elon Musk's companies on Mars and their contributions. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了Elon Musk致力于将人类送上火星的决心和举措。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“One team is drawing up plans for small dome habitats, including the materials that could be used to build them. Another is working on spacesuits to combat Mars's hostile environment, while a medical team is researching whether humans can have children there.(一个团队正在为小型圆顶栖息地制定计划，包括可以用来建造它们的材料。另一个正在研究宇航服，以对抗火星的恶劣环境，而一个医疗小组正在研究人类能否在火星上生育。)”可知，SpaceX正在计划建造栖息地和设计宇航服。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Mr. Musk has long tried to defy(违抗) the impossible and has often managed to beat tough odds. But his vision for life on Mars takes his seemingly limitless ambitions to their most extreme— and some might say absurdist— point. No one has ever set foot on the planet.(马斯克长期以来一直试图挑战不可能的事情，并经常成功地克服困难。但他对火星生活的愿景将他看似无限的野心推向了极端——有些人可能会说这是荒谬的。从来没有人踏足过这个星球。)”可知，一些人认为Musk的火星愿景是过于雄心勃勃和荒谬的。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Mr. Musk has told people that he bought X, the social media platform, partly to help test how a citizen- led government that rules by consensus might work on Mars.(马斯克告诉人们，他收购了社交媒体平台X，部分原因是为了帮助测试一个由公民领导、以共识治国的政府如何在火星上运作。)”可知，Musk购买X社交媒体平台是为了测试在火星上由居民管理的政府如何运作。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“For more than two decades, Elon Musk has focused SpaceX, his rocket company, on his lifelong goal of reaching Mars.( 20多年来，Elon Musk一直把他的火箭公司SpaceX专注于他的终身目标——登陆火星。)”，第二段的“Mr. Musk, 53, has directed SpaceX employees to drill into the design and details of a Martian city, according to five people with knowledge of the efforts and documents viewed by The New York Times.(据了解《纽约时报》看到的相关工作和文件的五名知情人士透露，现年53岁的马斯克指示SpaceX员工深入研究一座火星城市的设计和细节。)”并通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了Elon Musk致力于将人类送上火星的决心和举措。故选A。 C I arrived home from work, my mind racing. I was scheduled to perform an experiment using a pricey piece of equipment, but I had spent the whole day worrying about the experiment which was on the top of my agenda, and I amazingly longed to shut off my anxious thoughts. So after dinner, I made a cup of hot chocolate, stretched myself on my sofa, and opened a page. Almost instantly, my mind left behind the details of experimental design and stepped into a land of monsters, magic dust, and man-like bears comprising a wonderful world distinct from my daily life. It was exactly what I needed. Growing up, I was virtually never a big fan of novels. My classmates would be crazy about the latest Harry Potter book, while my copy sat collecting dust on a shelf. Instead, I would choose to read through the reference books related to my disciplines for better grades. After I started graduate school, extracurricular reading didn’t appeal to me at all but I spent most of my time on campus digesting research papers and textbooks and my mind couldn’t handle processing fact-filled nonfiction books at home, too. So I knew that I needed to find a way to enjoy reading again. To help me stick with it, I made a New Year’s resolution: I would read two fiction books per month for the entire year. The result was an almost instant appreciation of fiction, along with many unexpected results including ones that have benefited my schoolwork. What surprised me the most was how much I learned. Some of the best books I read were historical fictional stories happening in a realistic historical setting. I learned about life in different countries as well as struggles people there faced during difficult periods in their histories. The books have helped me build sympathy and understanding, with an unexpected benefit: I’ve started to think more deeply about the diversity of issues in the scientific community and could serve it, heart and soul. 8. What did the author do to wipe out the anxiety? A. He drowned it in chocolate. B. He escaped into a fantasy world. C. He slept on the sofa leisurely. D. He conducted an experiment. 9. What does the author mean by the underlined part in Paragraph 2? A. Reading novels was a waste of time. B. Reading a good book was time well spent. C. He was too busy to take good care of his books. D. The Harry Potter book wasn’t as good as expected. 10. How did the New Year’s resolution benefit the author? A. More sympathy went out to him. B. His moral values were strengthened. C. He learned much about religious diversity. D. He gained new insight into his academic discipline. 11. What does the author think of the impact reading fiction books has on himself ? A. Overestimated B. Underestimated C. Favourable D. Temporary 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者的阅读之旅，随着作者对阅读的投入，作者也真正爱上了阅读。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“So after dinner, I made a cup of hot chocolate, stretched myself on my sofa, and opened a page. Almost instantly, my mind left behind the details of experimental design and stepped into a land of monsters, magic dust, and man-like bears comprising a wonderful world distinct from my daily life. It was exactly what I needed.(晚饭后，我泡了一杯热巧克力，躺在沙发上伸伸懒腰，打开了一页书。顷刻之间，我的思绪离开了实验设计的细节，进入了一个充满怪物、魔尘和像人一样的熊的世界，这是一个与我日常生活截然不同的奇妙世界。这正是我所需要的)”可知，作者消除自己焦虑的方法就是打开一本书，远离现实，沉浸到一个幻想的世界之中。故选B。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线句子下一句“Instead, I would choose to read through the reference books related to my disciplines for better grades.(相反，我会选择阅读与我的学科相关的参考书，以获得更好的成绩)”可知，作者不是不阅读，而是只会阅读与自己学科相关的参考书。由此可知，划线句“My classmates would be crazy about the latest Harry Potter book, while my copy sat collecting dust on a shelf. (我的同学们会为最新的《哈利波特》而疯狂，而我的那本却在书架上积满了灰尘。)”说明作者觉得阅读诸如《哈利波特》这样的小说浪费时间。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的“To help me stick with it, I made a New Year’s resolution: I would read two fiction books per month for the entire year.( 为了帮助我坚持下去，我制定了一个新年计划:一整年每个月读两本小说。)”和最后一段“The books have helped me build sympathy and understanding, with an unexpected benefit: I’ve started to think more deeply about the diversity of issues in the scientific community and could serve it, heart and soul.(这些书帮助我建立了同情和理解，带来了一个意想不到的好处：我开始更深入地思考科学界问题的多样性，并可以全心全意地为之服务)”可推知，作者制定的新年计划，所阅读的书让他对自己的学科有了新的见解和看法。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“To help me stick with it, I made a New Year’s resolution: I would read two fiction books per month for the entire year. The result was an almost instant appreciation of fiction, along with many unexpected results including ones that have benefited my schoolwork.(为了帮助我坚持下去，我制定了一个新年计划：一整年每个月读两本小说。结果是，我几乎立刻就对小说产生了欣赏，还有许多意想不到结果，包括一些对我的学业有益的结果)”可知，作者开始阅读小说之后有了许多意想不到的结果，因此推断作者认为阅读小说对他是有益的。故选C。 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Laughing at Yourself Makes You Attractive Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and were laughed at for it? ___12___ And it’s okay — we should even have a laugh about them. Laughing at yourself means accepting who you really are. You may feel bad about yourself because of past misfortune. However, it’s normal to be imperfect. What’s important is that you should be honest with yourself about who you are. ___13___ You won’t be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance. Laughing at yourself helps increase your confidence. When you’re able to stay optimistic and laugh at yourself, you are likely to be more successful in life. ___14___ More importantly, it helps you realize your own weaknesses, so you know which areas to do better in. ___15___ Laughing at someone else may hurt their feelings even if you didn’t intend to, while laughing at yourself does not. You might even bring a smile to their faces. Don’t worry about losing respect from others, because people actually appreciate it when you laugh at yourself. Laughing at yourself shows that you have the courage to do so and you’re being real about your imperfections, making people think you are likable. As we all know, humans all make mistakes. So instead of blaming yourself, try to think of your mistakes in a positive way and accept yourself as you are. So please remember the above words. ___16___ A. Laughing at yourself makes you popular. B. Accept yourself despite your imperfections. C. You should try to understand yourself better. D. Chances are that we all have these kinds of experiences. E. Laughing at yourself changes an ideal image of yourself. F. Learn to laugh at yourself and you will be more attractive. G. This is because laughing at yourself helps lift your mood in face of difficulties. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. G 15. A 16. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章认为人应该学会自嘲，让自己更加有魅力，因为自嘲意味着接受自己，可以帮助增加自信，让自己更受欢迎。 【12题详解】 文“Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it? (你是否曾在公共场合出丑，并因此被嘲笑过？)”提出是否有被嘲笑经历的问题，后文“And it’s okay — we should even have a laugh about them. (没关系，我们甚至应该对此一笑置之。)”表示安慰，建议对此一笑了之，D项“Chances are that we all have these kinds of experiences. (很可能我们都有这样的经历。)”符合语境，说明大家可能都有被嘲笑的经历，回答前文的问题，引出后文的建议。故选D。 【13题详解】 前文“However, it’s normal to be imperfect. What’s important is that you should be honest with yourself about who you are. (然而，不完美是正常的。重要的是，你应该诚实地面对自己。)”建议接受不完美常态，诚实面对自己，后文“You won’t be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance. (如果不接受自己，你就无法自嘲。)”说明不接受自己的后果，B项“Accept yourself despite your imperfections. (接受你自己，尽管你不完美。)”符合语境，建议要接受自己，延伸前文的诚实面对自己，引出后文的后果，其中的imperfections与前文的imperfect呼应，Accept yourself与后文的self-acceptance呼应。故选B。 【14题详解】 前文“When you are able to stay optimistic and laugh at yourself, you are likely to be more successful in life. (当你能够保持乐观和自嘲时，你可能会在生活中更成功。)”说明自嘲有助于成功，后文“More importantly, it helps you realize your own weaknesses so you know which areas to do better in. (更重要的是，它可以帮助你认识到自己的弱点，这样你就知道在哪些方面可以做得更好。)”介绍“它”带来的好处，G项“This is because laughing at yourself contributes to your mental health. (这是因为自嘲有助于心理健康。)”符合语境，介绍自嘲有助于心理健康，解释前文自嘲和成功之间的关系，引出后文进一步的好处，其中的laughing at yourself是后文的it指代的对象。故选G。 【15题详解】 空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容，且需和其他段首句一样是以Laughing at yourself为主语的陈述句。后文“Laughing at someone else may hurt their feelings even if you didn’t intend to, while laughing at yourself does not. You might even bring a smile to their faces. Don’t worry about losing respect from others, because people actually appreciate it when you laugh at yourself. Laughing at yourself shows that you have the courage to do so and you’re being real about your imperfections, making people think you are likable. (嘲笑别人可能会伤害他们的感情，即使你不是故意的，而嘲笑自己却不会——你甚至可能会给他们带来微笑。人们会喜欢它，因为这表明你有勇气这样做，你在认真对待自己的不完美,让别人觉得你很可爱。)”介绍自嘲不会伤害他人的感情，甚至可以得到他人的喜爱，A项“Laughing at yourself makes you popular. (自嘲会让你受欢迎。)”符合语境，说明自嘲让人受欢迎，契合后文内容。故选A。 【16题详解】 空处是全文最后一句，需呼应文章整体内容。前文“Just remember that humans all make mistakes. So instead of blaming yourself, try to think of your mistakes in a positive way and accept yourself just as you are. (只要记住，人都会犯错。所以，与其责备自己，不如试着以积极的方式看待自己的错误，接受本来的自己。)”强调以积极的方式看待错误，接受自己，F项“Learn to laugh at yourself and you will be more attractive. (学会自嘲，你会更有吸引力。)”符合语境，建议学会自嘲，承接前文的接受自己，呼应文章的中心思想。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节， 满分45分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 1973, I was teaching elementary school (小学). Each day, 27 kids ____17____ “The Thinking Laboratory”. That was the ____18____ students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too dull (枯燥的). Freddy was an average ____19____, but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion (同情). He would ____20____ the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s misfortune. Before the school year ____21____, I gave the kids a special gift, T-shirts with the words “Verbs (动词) Are Your ____22____” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs may seem dull, most of the ____23____ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide ____24____ on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his ____25____ from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before. Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man _____26_____ in his truck. Another time, he _____27_____ a friend money to buy a house. Just last year, I was _____28_____ a classroom teaching when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman _____29_____ for the interruption (打扰) and handed me an envelope (信封). I stopped teaching and _____30_____ it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a _____31_____ from Freddy’s mother. “Freddy passed away. He wanted you to have this. ” 17. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran 18. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan 19. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker 20. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh 21. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended 22. A. Friends B. Awards C. Masters D. Tasks 23. A. simple B. unique C. fun D. clever 24. A. permission B. organizations C. determination D. updates 25. A. graduation B. independence C. signal D. intention 26. A. wait B. sleep C. study D. live 27. A. paid B. charged C. lent D. owed 28. A. booking B. printing C. designing D. organizing 29. A. regretted B. apologized C. excused D. ignored 30. A. opened B. packed C. gave D. held 31. A. picture B. bill C. note D. diary 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲了作者的一个学生Freddy既有趣又有同情心。作者在他高中毕业前送给他一件衬衫，上面写着告诫他“动词”在人生中的重要性。而他在毕业后也保持着乐于助人的品质，但是不幸的是他在若干年后去世了，而那件衬衫也回到了作者的手中，作者以及他的学生都从他身上学到了一些宝贵的品质。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天都有27个孩子进入“思维实验室”。A. built建造；B. entered进入；C. decorated装饰；D. ran跑。“The Thinking Laboratory (思维实验室)”是指后文的“Room 104”——104教室，所以孩子们（学生）每天都进入教室。故选B项。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们认为“104教室”太枯燥，于是投票给了这个名字。A. name名字；B. rule规则；C. brand品牌；D. plan计划。由下文“students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too dull”可知，“The Thinking Laboratory (思维实验室)”是指后文的“Room 104”——104教室，因为“104教室”这个名字太枯燥，“思维实验室”这个“名字”是同学们投票得来的。故选A项。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Freddy是一个普通的学生，但不是一个普通人。A. scholar学者；B. student学生；C. citizen市民；D. worker工人。由文章首句“In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. (1973年，我在小学教书)”可知，Freddy是作者的一名“学生”。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会因为好玩而笑得最大声，会因为任何人的不幸而悲伤。A. speak说；B. sing唱歌；C. question质问；D. laugh大笑。由下文“the loudest over fun”可知，对于好玩的事情，Freddy会笑得最大声。故选D项。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学年结束前，我给孩子们一份特别的礼物，T恤上写着“动词是你的朋友”。A. changed改变；B. approached接近；C. returned返回；D. ended结束。由下文“Through the years, I’d run into former students (这些年来，我遇到了以前的学生)”可知，此处指在学年结束前。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学年结束前，我给孩子们一份特别的礼物，T恤上写着“动词是你的朋友”。A. Friends朋友；B. Awards奖；C. Masters主人；D. Tasks任务。由下文“while verbs may seem dull, most of the ____ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs (虽然动词可能看起来很枯燥，但他们一生中做的大多数有趣的事情都是动词)”可知，动词对于人们来说很有趣、是朋友。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我曾建议孩子们，虽然动词可能看起来很枯燥，但他们一生中做的大多数有趣的事情都是动词。A. simple简单的；B. unique独特的；C. fun有趣的；D. clever聪明的。while表示“尽管”，前后让步转折关系，与“无聊的”dull相对的是“有趣的”fun。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些年来，我总会遇到以前的学生，他们会提供之前同学的最新情况。A. permission允许；B. organizations组织；C. determination决心；D. updates更新的信息。由下文“I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his ____ from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before. (我了解到，Freddy高中（毕业）后做了好几份工作，仍然是我四十年前遇到的那个充满爱心的人)”可知，作者从Freddy的同学那里了解到他的近况。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我了解到，Freddy高中毕业后做了好几份工作，仍然是我四十年前遇到的那个充满爱心的人。A. graduation毕业；B. independence独立；C. signal信号；D. intention意图。由下文“Freddy did several jobs”可知，Freddy做了好几份工作，因此是在高中毕业后。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，他在一家商店通宵工作，让一个无家可归的人睡在他的卡车里。A. wait等待；B. sleep睡觉；C. study学习；D. live居住。由上文“remained the same caring person I met forty years before”和“while working overnight at a store”可知，Freddy仍然是那个善良的人，所以他让无家可归的人睡在他的卡车上。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：还有一次，他借钱给朋友买房子。A. paid支付；B. charged收费，负责；C. lent借出；D. owed欠。由上文“remained the same caring person I met forty years before”可知，Freddy仍然是那个善良的人，所以他把钱借给别人买房子。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在去年，我正在主持一个讲习班，突然有人敲了教室的门。A. booking预定；B. printing印刷；C. designing设计；D. organizing组织。由下文“I stopped teaching (我停止了教学)”可知，当时作者正在教室里组织教学活动。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位女士为打扰请求原谅，递给我一个信封。A. regretted遗憾；B. apologized道歉；C. excused为……请求原谅；D. ignored忽视。由上文“Just last year, I was ____ a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. (就在去年，我正在主持一个讲习班，突然有人敲了教室的门)”和“I stopped teaching(我停止了教学)”可知，作者上课被打扰，这位女士为此请求原谅。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我停止了教学，把它打开了。A. opened打开；B. packed打包；C. gave给予；D. held握住。it指代前文中的envelope“信封”，作者停下教学打开了信封。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：里面是“动词”衬衫和Freddy妈妈的便条。A. picture图片；B. bill账单；C. note纸条，便笺；D. diary日记。由下文引号里的“Freddy passed away. He wanted you to have this. (弗雷迪去世了。他想把这个给你)”，可知衬衫上是一个便笺，上面写着弗雷迪妈妈写的话。故选C项。 第二节 语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 语法填空 Confucius was a famous teacher, politician and philosopher (哲学家) who lived in China over 2,600 years ago. Today, he is considered to be one of the world’s _____32_____ (great) teachers. Historians believe that Confucius _____33_____ (bear) in 551 BCE during China’s “Spring and Autumn Period” (771 — 476 BCE). During this period, many rulers were fighting across the country. Because of all the fighting, life was difficult for the poor. They worked hard for their rulers and received little money _____34_____ return. As Confucius grew up his favorite thing to do was learning. His mother saw this and did her best _____35_____ (help) him learn. _____36_____ (eventual), wealthy families noticed how smart he was _____37_____ offered him jobs counting their money and keeping track of their crops. Confucius did this until he was 30 years old, but he always wanted to do more. For _____38_____ rest of his life, Confucius traveled and taught the people of China about self-discipline (自律) and the _____39_____ (important) of education. He even opened China’s first school in _____40_____ he taught both the poor and the wealthy as equals. In 479 BCE, Confucius died at the age of 72. His loyal students continued to travel around China long after his death, teaching all ______41______ (class) of people. 【答案】32. greatest 33. was born 34. in 35. to help 36. Eventually 37. and 38. the 39. importance 40. which 41. classes 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了我国春秋时期著名的教育家、政治家、哲学家孔子。 【32题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：今天，他被认为是世界上最伟大的老师之一。空处需填形容词作定语，结合“one of the world’s”可知，使用形容词great最高级，修饰teachers。故填greatest。 【33题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：历史学家认为孔子出生于公元前551年，即中国的“春秋时代”（公元前771年—公元前476年）。根据空后的时间状语in 551 BCE during China’s “Spring and Autumn Period”(771—476 BCE)可知，此处用一般过去时；又因为动词bear与主语Confucius之间存在动宾关系，故此处填一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数概念，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was born。 【34题详解】 考查介词。句意：他们为统治者努力工作，但得到的报酬却很少。in return为固定搭配，意为“作为回报”。故填in。 【35题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的母亲看到这一点，尽她最大的努力帮助他学习。结合句意，空处需用动词不定式表目的，构成do one’s best to do，意思为：尽某人最大努力做。故填to help。 【36题详解】 考查副词。句意：最终，一些富裕的家庭注意到了他的聪明才智，并为他提供了计算金钱和记录农作物的工作。修饰整个句子，需用副词eventually，作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Eventually。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。空前的动词noticed和空后的动词offered属于并列关系，在句中作谓语，需用连词and连接。故填and。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：孔子的一生都在游历，教导中国人民自律和教育的重要性。the rest of为固定搭配，意为“其余的”。故填the。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。定冠词the修饰名词，空处需填名词importance，作介词about的宾语。故填importance。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他甚至开办了中国的第一所学校，在那里他平等地对待穷人和富人。此处引导的是一个限制性定语从句，从句缺少介词in的宾语，先行词为China’s first school，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。 41题详解】 考查名词。句意：他的忠实弟子在他死后很长一段时间里继续周游中国，教导各个阶层的人。根据空前的all以及class“阶级”为可数名词可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式。故填classes。 第三节 完成句子(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 42. 然而一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。 However, some scientists ________ ________ ________ help humans realise their dream to explore space. 【答案】 ①. were ②. determined ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。“决意要……”可用固定短语be determined to do...表示；be动词是句子谓语动词，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，主语是复数名词，be动词用were。故填were；determined；to。 43. 这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。 This is because people believe in the importance of ________________ space exploration despite the huge risks. 【答案】carrying on 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。根据中文提示可知，表示“太空探索”应用carry on space exploration，且介词of后应用动名词作宾语。故填carrying on。 44. China has become the first country________(land) a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to land 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国成为首个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家。当名词（country）前有序数词（the first）修饰时，常用动词不定式（to land）作后置定语。故填to land。 45. My parents desired that I________ (contribute) the money to my family’s household. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】contribute##should contribute 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我父母希望我把这笔钱贡献给家里。观察句子可知，desired意思为“希望”，that引导宾语从句，从句不是陈述事实，用(should) do结构表示虚拟语气，should可以省略。故填(should) contribute。 46. （语法填空）As ________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 【答案】a 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。固定短语as a result表示“结果”。故填a。 47. The organization committee set a limit________ the number. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：组委会对参赛人数设定了限制。set a limit to...“限制……”，固定短语，故填to。 48. Wearing a long red coat, she was easily ________ (spot) by her friend in the crowd. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】spotted 【解析】 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：穿着一件红色长大衣，她在人群中很容易被她的朋友认出来。spot与主语she之间是被动关系，所以动词使用过去分词形式，与was构成一般过去时的被动形式，故填spotted。 49. I will recommend this book without ________ (hesitate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】hesitation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我将毫不犹豫地推荐这本书。根据句意和所给提示词可知，此处应用名词hesitation，作介词without的宾语，without hesitation意为“毫不犹豫地”。故填hesitation。 50. I was about to set off ________ he dropped in. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我正要出发，他突然来访。此处为固定句型sb. be about to do sth. when表示“某人正要做某事，这时……”。故填when。 51. You may be physically and __________(mental) exhausted after a long flight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】mentally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：经过长途飞行后，你可能会感到身心疲惫。空格处用副词修饰形容词exhausted，mental的副词是mentally，意为“心理上地”。故填mentally。 第四部分 书面表达(满分35分) 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分) 52. 在英语口语课上, 外教 Chris 组织同学们讨论“Is it better to have siblings (兄弟姐妹)than to be an only child?”, 请你代表小组发言, 内容包括: 1.小组观点; 2.陈述理由. 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hello, everyone. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for listening. 【答案】Hello, everyone. After discussion, our group thinks it is better to have brothers and sisters than to be an only child. First, having siblings can make us less lonely and promote our physical and mental health. Secondly, when we are in trouble, they help us without conditions and make us feel warm. Third, it is the existence of family affection that makes our life perfect. I need them, so do they. Thank you for listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。在英语口语课上, 外教 Chris 组织同学们讨论“Is it better to have siblings (兄弟姐妹)than to be an only child?”, 请考生代表小组发言。 【详解】1.词汇积累 认为：think→figure 帮助：help→assist 提高：promote→improve 处于困难中：in trouble→in difficulty 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：Secondly, when we are in trouble, they help us without conditions and make us feel warm. 拓展句：Secondly, when we are in trouble, they help us without conditions , making us feel warm. 【点睛】【高分句型1】After discussion, our group thinks it is better to have brothers and sisters than to be an only child.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Third, it is the existence of family affection that makes our life perfect.（运用了强调句式） 第二节 读后续写(满分20分) 53. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Missus Sommers one day found herself the unexpected owner of fifteen dollars. It seemed to her a very large amount of money. For a day or two she walked around in a dreamy state as she thought about her choices. Her daughter Janie was wearing worn shoes and needed new ones. She would buy cloth for new shirts for the boys. Her daughter Mag should have another dress. And still there would be enough left for new stockings for her children. The idea about how to spend the dollars made her restless with excitement. On the day she planned to go shopping with the money, she ate a light meal- no! Between getting the children fed and the house cleaned, and preparing herself to go shopping, she forgot to eat at all! When she arrived at the large department store, she spotted a pile of silk stockings at the entrance. A sign nearby announced that they had been reduced in price a young girl behind the counter asked her if she wished to examine the silky leg coverings. She smiled as if she had been asked to inspect diamond jewelry, and started to feel the soft, expensive items. Missus Sommers picked up a black pair and looked at them closely. Two red marks suddenly showed on her pale face. She looked up at the shop girl and said proudly, “Well, I will buy this pair.” Missus Sommers changed her cotton stockings for the new silk ones in the ladies’ rest area. She had let herself be controlled by some machine-like force that directed her actions and freed her of responsibility. How good was the touch of the silk on her skin! Then she put her shoes back on and put her old stockings into her bag. Next, she went to the shoe department, where she tried on a pair of new boots. Her foot and ankle looked lovely. She could not believe that they were a part of herself. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1： After buying a pair of new boots, she walked into the clothing department. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： She was about to leave the store when a kid running around reminded her of something. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: After buying a pair of new boots, she walked into the clothing department. Coming to a dressing mirror, looking at herself in the mirror, “Won’t I look more beautiful if my shoe matches a perfect dress on my body?” thought Missus Sommers. She waving to the salesgirl of the department and asked her whether she could try on the fashionable dress styles. Her request was approved, Missus Sommers kept trying on. One dress after another tried on, she put them into her shopping cart fondly. Paragraph 2: She was about to leave the store when a kid running around reminded her of something. “Oh, My God! I forgot all about my kids!” yelled Missus Sommers, starting to blame herself. “Excuse me, salesgirl, would you be so kind as to let me put back all I had chosen, for I had intended to buy my daughter Janie a new pair of shoes, boy’s new shirts and all of them new stockings? I must have lost my head!” A sense of responsibility of caring about her kids drove her to think of the right idea where the money should go. 【解析】 【分析】本篇考察的作文类型是读后续写。 【详解】文章主要讲的是Sommers太太意外得到了15美元，非常高兴，想着给女儿和儿子们买鞋子和衬衫，结果在百货公司试穿衣服时逐渐忘了自己要给孩子们买东西，最后让售货小姐退还了购物车里所有的衣服的故事。在给的第一段开头中，“After buying a pair of new boots, she walked into the clothing department.”“the clothing department”是关键词，表示“服装部”，说明Sommers后来去了服装部，第一段应当围绕她在服装部发生的事情展开；在给的第二段开头中“She was about to leave the store when a kid running around reminded her of something.”此句中的kid为关键词，因为后文都围绕这个词在说。 【高分句型一】 After her request was approved, Missus Sommers kept trying on. 在她的请求被批准后，Sommers太太继续尝试。运用时间状语从句。 高分句型二】 Although she really liked these clothes, a sense of responsibility of caring about her kids drove her to think of the right idea where the money should go. 虽然她真的很喜欢这些衣服，但是一种照顾孩子的责任感驱使她去想钱应该花在哪里。运用让步状语从句。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $