10 第一部分 选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（北师大版）

RELATIONSHIPS 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(心理描写)(2024·葫芦岛市模拟)A ripple of fear crept up on him as he cast a glance there． 2．(神态描写)(2024·株洲市质量检测)Justin grinned from ear to ear with the huge load off his mind． 3．(背景描写)(2024·湖北省七市调研测试)Near the top，thick snow blanketed the path． (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day．How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．____ vt．主办；做……的东道主 n．主人；主持人 2．_____ vi．& vt．推迟，延期 3．_________ adj．实际的；实践的；切实可行的 4．___________ n．刺激 5．__________ adj．值得做的；重要的；有益的 6．_____ adj．烦恼的，心烦意乱的 vt．使生气，使心烦意乱 7．_________ adj．要求严格的；费力的 8．______ vi．应在(某处)；适应 9．____ vt．缺乏 10．______ n．方式，方法 1．The house ________ (belong) to her family，who moved here three years ago． 2．Japan ______ (host) the Olympic Games in Tokyo in 2021． 3．I don't see how musical instruments can help improve _______ (manner) in public． 4．Though _______(lack) money，his parents，making their living by working abroad，managed to send him to a key middle school． 5．She is going to be all alone in that big house next Friday，which ______ (upset) me． 6．The train ___________ (delay) because a tree had fallen across the line． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．occasion n．适当的机会；时机→__________ adj．偶尔的；偶然的→____________ adv．偶尔；偶然 2．complain vi．&vt．抱怨；不满；发牢骚→_________ n．抱怨；不满 3．access n．进入；接触的机会→__________ adj．可到达的，可使用的→____________ adj．难达到的；难以理解的 4．shame n．羞耻；羞愧→________ adj．可耻的；丢脸的→_________ adj．无耻的；不知羞耻的→_______ adj．羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的 5．distract vt．使分心→__________ adj．心神不定的，精神无法集中的→___________ n．使人分心的事物 6．real adj．真正的→______ adv．真正地→_______ n．现实；真实 7．associate vt．与某人交往→__________ adj．有联系的→___________ n．联系；协会；社团 8．appoint v．任命，委派；安排；确定→_________ adj．指定的→___________ n．约定；约会 9．humour n．幽默感→________ adj．幽默的 10．grateful adj．感激的，感谢的→_________ n．感激→__________ adv．感激地 1．This is my __________ visit to the theme park，in which I ____________ meet the cartoon characters I like most．(occasion) 2．Free Internet ______ at home is a huge step in making online education __________ to everybody．(access) 3．After a serious illness，he ______ understood the ____ meaning of _______．(real) 4．She was __________ last night with so many ____________ around her．(distract) 5．You should be _______ of your ________ behavior or you will be a _________ man．(shame) 6．Now that you have decided to keep the ___________，why not go at the _________ time？(appoint) 7．One of her traits is that she has a sense of ______ so she can explain much knowledge in a ________ way．(humour) 8．We all thought it incredible that the boy who barely __________ with others should apply to join the student ___________．(associate) 9．I'm __________ writing to express my sincere _________ for your timely help．(grateful) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏中短语的适当形式填空) 1．__________________ 初次，第一次 2．_________ 投入(倒)……于某物 3．______________ 与某人交往 4．___________ 对……过分担心 5．____________ 喋喋不休 6．________________代表某人 7．______________ 和……对比 8．_________ 总计达到 9．_______ 引爆；出发 10．__________________ 在……方面缺乏信心 11．______________ 获许进入；具有使用或接触……的机会或权利 12．_____________ 仔细检查；核对 13．__________ 事实上 14．___________ 追逐 15．_________ 伏在……上面 1．While she was in Paris，she _______________ many well-known artists． 2．When he got a job，he _____________ being out of work because he didn't have a passbook． 3．Online networks，______________ the old kind，are open to all and easy to join． 4．____________ my company，I must express my thanks to you again and again for your generous help when we were in great trouble． 5．As technology develops，we can _____________the information swiftly． 6．Jamie looked on John as his only real friend，but __________ John often spoke ill of him． 7．The women doctors and women nurses in the hospital _________ two hundred and five． 8．There is no feeling on earth like winning___________________． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．what引导的同位语从句 I had no idea what hydrogen was，and I didn't really want to know，either！ 将会发生什么的困惑使我无法入睡。 The confusion ________________ makes me unable to sleep．(续写之情节描写) 2．if only引导的虚拟条件句 Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion！ 要是我有一个永不感到疲惫的身体就好了。 ____________________ that never felt tired．(应用文之叙事句) 3．not all部分否定 However，I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham． 不是所有的人都适合从事那类工作。 _________________________ that kind of work．(应用文之建议信) 4．it作形式宾语 According to research，over two-thirds of young people find it easier to make friends online than it is “in real life”． 他发现戒烟很困难。 He found _____________________．(续写之情节描写) 1．grateful adj．感激的，感谢的 ①I will be deeply grateful __ you for your kindness for the rest of my life． ②She was grateful ___ everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her． ③When knowing that my niece was saved，I bowed again and again with _________ (grateful)． 如果你能就如何发表演讲给我一些建议，我将不胜感激。 ____________________if you could give me some advice on how to deliver a speech． ◎be grateful to sb．(for sth．)(因某事)感激某人 ◎be grateful to do sth．因做某事而感激 ◎I would be grateful if you could do...如果你能做……，我将不胜感激。 ◎gratitude n．感激 ◎with gratitude感激地 ◎be grateful to all the teachers for their help 感谢所有老师的帮助 ◎give him a grateful smile感激地对他笑了笑 2．practical adj．实际的；实践的；切实可行的 ①Listen! Someone is practicing _______ (play) the piano． ②The app makes our _________ (practice)language lessons available． 我想谈谈关于我们如何在实践中应用这些原则。 I want to speak about how we apply these principles ___________． ◎practice n．实践；实际行动；惯例；习惯 v．练习；实习；从事 ◎in practice实际上；事实上，在实践中 ◎practice (doing) sth．练习(做)某事 ◎a practical method一个实用的方法 ◎for (all) practical purposes事实上，其实 3．lack [课本义] vt．缺乏　[增补义]vt．缺少；没有 n．缺乏；短缺 ①Because of their lack __ self-discipline，they're more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games． ②It is obvious that the young girl is _______ (lack) in useful skills． 尽管缺乏经验，他们还是设法有效地组织了救援。 _________________________，they managed to organise the rescue effectively． ◎lack sth．没有/缺乏某物 ◎(a) lack of缺少…… ◎for/through lack of因缺少…… ◎lacking adj．不足的；缺乏的 ◎be lacking in在……方面缺乏 ◎(a) lack of knowledge about the computer对电脑知识缺乏了解 ◎be completely lacking in originality 完全没有创意 4．access [课本义]n．进入；接触的机会　[增补义]vt．访问；登录；到达；进入；使用 ①Kids shouldn't have access __ violent films because they might imitate the things they see． ②5G technology is not __________ (access) to millions of people living in rural areas． 通过在线学习，学生们可以轻松地获得优秀教师的讲座。 By studying online，students can _____________________________________ given by excellent teachers． ◎have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有/获得……的机会；可以到达 ◎give access to准许进入(接近) ◎accessible adj．可到达的；可使用的 ◎be accessible to可进入的；可见到的；可使用的 ◎the only access to the village通往那个村庄的唯一通道 ◎allow easy access for wheelchairs便于轮椅进出 5．upset [课本义] adj．烦恼的，心烦意乱的 vt．使生气，使心烦意乱 　[增补义]v．打乱；搅乱 ①Seeing his children were upset ___________ the mess，the father encouraged them to try again． ②The mother was upset _______(know) that her son often got distracted in class． 让我不安的是你很快就要回你的国家了。 ______________ is that you will return to your country soon． ◎be upset by/about/at sth．为某事心烦 ◎be upset to do sth．/that...对做某事感到不安/为……感到不安 ◎What upsets sb．is that...让某人心烦的是…… ◎It upsets sb．to do sth．/that...做某事让人心烦/让某人心烦的是…… upset the ecological balance of the area破坏这个地区的生态平衡 6．ashamed adj．羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的 ①“Ouverture des portes．”is the only French phrase I mastered，and __ is a shame that I don't have much use for it． ②We are often ashamed __ our shortcomings，our mistakes and our failures． 他既尴尬又羞愧，低下头，一动不动。 _____________________，he lowered his head，motionless． ◎be ashamed to do...耻于做……；因做……而羞愧 ◎be/feel ashamed of...对……感到惭愧/羞耻 ◎shame n．羞耻；羞愧 ◎It's a shame that...……是令人遗憾的事 ◎bring shame on her family使她的家人蒙羞 ◎be a crying shame to waste food浪费食物真不像话 7．manner n．[课本义]方式，方法　[增补义]举止；态度；礼貌；礼仪；习俗 ①The teacher told the students to work out the problem____a different manner． ②It is bad _______ (manner) to give feedback by chattering away constantly． 以下是我对在中国如何注意你的餐桌礼仪的建议。 The following are my suggestions __________________________________________． ◎in a/an...manner以……的方式 ◎It's bad/good manners to do sth．做某事是没有/有礼貌的。 ◎table manners餐桌礼仪 ◎try to adopt a more relaxed manner试着用一种更加放松的方式 ◎conduct oneself in a professional manner 以专业的态度行事 8．associate vt．[课本义]与某人交往　[增补义]联想；联系 ①As a result，she says，some of the injuries __________ (associate) with running，such as runner's knee，are uncommon among race walkers． ②We often associate social networking ____ Internet addiction in reality． ③The____________ (associate) was formed to represent the interests of women artists． 如果你与思想积极的人交往，你也会变得乐观。 ________________________________________，you will also become optimistic． ◎associate...with...把……和……联系在一起 ◎associate with sb．与某人交往；参与…… ◎associated adj．有联系的；相关的 ◎be associated with...与……有关 ◎association n．协会；关联；交往；联盟 ◎in association with...与……合作；与……有关联 ◎join educational associations in an attempt to better themselves加入各种教育协会，以求上进 ◎be associated with the project 参与这个项目 9．complain vi．& vt．抱怨；不满；发牢骚 ①I'm going to complain __ the council about this! ②All the guests complained ________ the noise． ③We received a number of __________ (complain) from customers about the lack of parking facilities． 我要向经理投诉他的服务。 I'm going to ____________________________________________． ◎complain about/of抱怨…… ◎complain to向……投诉 ◎complaint n．抱怨；不满 ◎make a complaint about/of抱怨…… ◎it's no good complaining抱怨毫无用处 ◎can't complain没的抱怨 ◎complain about the excessive noise 抱怨噪声过大 10．appointment n．[课本义]约定；约会　[增补义]任命；委任；职务；职位 ①They appointed him __ captain of the England team． ②We must appoint someone ______ (act) as secretary． ③The time _________ (appoint) for the meeting was 10：30． 如果你打电话预约，你就不用等了。 _______________________________，it'll save you waiting． ◎appoint vt．任命，委任，确定(时间、地点等) ◎appoint sb．任命某人 ◎appoint sb．(as/to be)...任命某人为…… ◎appoint sb．to do sth．指派某人做某事 ◎make/fix an appointment with与……约会 ◎keep/break one's appointment守约/失约 ◎keep an appointment守约 ◎at the appointed time在约定的时间 11．approval n．赞许；同意 My niece wanted to associate with her boyfriend known online，but my sister didn't approve __ it．The girl was desperate for her mother's ________ (approve) and asked me for help．However，I ___________ (approve) of the dangerous relationship as well． 如果您能批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。 ① We would be grateful _________________________________．(approve) ② We would be grateful ______________________________________．(approval) ◎approve v．同意；批准；通过 ◎disapprove v．不赞成，反对 ◎approve of赞成，同意 ◎give one's approval to sth．批准某事 ◎approving adj．赞成的 ◎will be submitted to the committee for official approval将送交委员会获正式批准 ◎not approve of me leaving school this year不同意我今年离校 ◎give him an approving look对他投以赞许的目光 12．used to 过去经常，曾经 ①Now he has got used to _____ (go) to work by bike． ②Knives are used ______ (cut) things． ①这个可以用来做相同的事情。 It can ____________________________． ②她将会习惯于早起。 She will ___________________________． ③我过去经常在清晨去取邮件。 I __________________________ in the morning． ◎used to do sth．表示“过去经常做某事”，现在已经不再做了。 ◎be/get used to (doing) sth．表示“习惯于(做)某事”，现在依旧在做。 ◎be used to do sth．表示“被用于做某事”，是被动语态。 ◎not what it used to be不是以前那个样子了 ◎used to go sailing on the lake in summer从前在夏天经常泛舟湖上 13．take up [课本义]占据　[增补义]开始做；继续 ①Technology is here to help us，but we should not allow it to take ____ our lives． ②These promises are a trap and I won't be taken___． ③Don't take __ more responsibilities than you can handle． 我知道你一定很忙，当然我不想占用你太多时间。 I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to __________________． ◎take in吸收；收留；欺骗；领会 ◎take on雇用；承担(工作、责任)；呈现 ◎take over接管；控制 ◎take...for granted认为……理所当然 ◎take up a position in the centre of the room占据了房间中心的位置 ◎take it for granted that they would approve of the idea想当然地认为他们会同意这个想法 ◎offer to take in the poor homeless stranger 愿意收容这个无家可归的可怜的陌生人 14．[教材原句]Sometimes I think，if only I could call him and ask for his opinion！有时我想，要是我能打电话给他，征求他的意见就好了！ ①The salesgirl feels upset．If only there ____ (be) more kind customers and fewer complaints． ②If only we ________(have)your help and professional instructions，we would have done more brilliantly in the oral English competition． ①如果我能永远陪伴你就好了。 If only I ___________________________． ②只有听从医生的建议，你才能很快康复。 Only if you follow the doctor's advice ____________________． ◎if only...意为“要是……就好了”，句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气。 ◎if only...did...表示与现在事实相反的愿望。 ◎if only...had done...表示与过去事实相反的愿望。 ◎only if意为“只要；只有”，引导条件状语从句。only if位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。 If only I could stop all the bad things in the world and make all families happy．要是我能阻止这个世界上一切不美好的事情，让所有的家庭都幸福就好了。 15．[教材原句]But he's also never felt more alone．但他也从未感到如此孤单。 ①I couldn't agree with you ____ (much)． ②No other book has had a _______ (great) effect on my life． 李洋在班里学习最努力。 ①Li Yang studies harder than __________________ in his class．(the other) ②Li Yang studies harder than _________________ in his class．(any other) ③Li Yang studies harder than _________________________ in his class．(any of the other) ④Li Yang studies harder than ___________ in his class．(anyone),句中never...more... 句中never...more...为比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义。比较级表最高级含义的表达法通常有以下几种： ◎否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than) ◎否定词＋so/as ＋形容词/副词原级＋as ◎比较级＋ than＋the other＋名词复数/any other＋名词单数/any of the other＋名词复数/anyone else At that moment，nothing could be more beautiful than her smile．在那一刻，没有什么能比她的微笑更美的了。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．The writer of this book criticized some political issues in a ________ (humour) way． 2．Husband and wife should switch roles with each other ____________ (occasion)． 3．It is bad _______(manner) to argue with your teachers or parents in public． 4．My sister's recommendation was that I should apply to join the student ____________(associate)． 5．If only I _____________(not ignore) the advice that my partner offered to me! 6．The young couple used to drink coffee，but now they get used to_________(drink) tea． 7．With the _________ (intend) of making a fortune，more and more people intended to invest here． 8．In some cases people have had to wait several weeks for an ___________(appoint)． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．I was grateful ___ his timely help and expressed my gratitude to him in person． 2．A lack __ evidence made it difficult for him to prove his innocence． 3．Though we are a little upset ___________ the unpleasant feedback，it can help us in many ways． 4．I didn't work out the maths problem on the blackboard，and I felt ashamed __ it． 5．This is a lot easier when you associate ____ positive people． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．There was a flood of water _______ (pour) into the basement． 2．All babies need quiet times on their own and get grizzly if they've had too much ___________ (stimulate)． 3．Many people expressed a strong __________ (prefer) for the original plan． 4．You have no idea how _________ (depress) it made me． 5．TV can be a welcome ___________ (distract) after a hard day's work． 6．An English Drama Competition will ____________ (organise) in our school next week． 7．As is known to us all，China is a developing country _________ (belong) to the Third World． 8．It is a technically__________ (demand) piece of music to play． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．This is __ effective method for Chinese students to learn English well． 2．I find __ easy to work this math problem out with this method． 3．I set________ for a new adventure in the United States on the first day of the new year． 4．The classroom teacher must be sensitive __ a child's needs． 5．Whenever these girls get together，they chatter ____ non-stop． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2022·全国甲卷)The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions． _ A．处理(难题)　　B．(用手)拿　　C．应付(局面) 2．(2020·浙江卷)Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children． _ A．提高　 B．筹集　 C．抚养 3．(2019·全国Ⅲ卷)...with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries． _ A．增加；刺激 B．给……提供燃料 C．给(交通工具)加油 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语) 1．(2023·全国乙卷)Not only do they look beautiful，but studies have shown that they can promote people's well-being by improving their mood，reducing stress and helping their memory． 本句是复合句，句子主干是Not only do they...well-being。not only位于句首时，其所在的分句采用部分倒装。but后的分句中that引导宾语从句，by improving...为____。 [尝试翻译]_________________________________________________________ 2．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)When John Todd was a child，he loved to explore the woods around his house，observing how nature solved problems． 本句是复合句，句子主干是he loved...his house。when引导时间状语从句，observing how nature solved problems为____，其中how nature solved problems为observing的__。 [尝试翻译]_________________________________________________________ 3．(2022·全国甲卷)What people forget is that the Italians，when they came to Australia，brought 2，000 years of their culture，the Greeks some 3，000 years，and the Chinese more still． 本句是复合句，句子主干是What people forget is that the Italians，brought...the Chinese more still。其中that引导__从句。when they came to Australia 是____从句，the Greeks some 3，000 years和the Chinese more still是省略句，为了避免重复，均省略了brought和of their culture。 [尝试翻译]_________________________________________________________ Graham used to be not very good at most school 1．________(subject)．But when he was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class，he really became interested 2．__ science for the first time．Before Mr Jenkins taught him，science had 3．______(simple) been a subject full of strange words to Graham．He found it all so 4．______(bore) and difficult．But Mr Jenkins made everything 5．___________(interest) with lots of practical examples and in simple language．Graham wasn't a willing student，but he wasn't slow 6．________(learn) new things．The problem was that he lacked 7．__________(confident) in himself．Mr Jenkins made him feel that he had his own strengths．Mr Jenkins once asked him 8．_______ (give) a presentation of the stars and planets to the class．That was really 9．___ first time he had tried to explain science to an audience and now it's his job! Although Graham hasn't seen Mr Jenkins 10．_____ he left school，he often thinks of Mr Jenkins． Step 1．要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①马克一直都在和网友交往，查看所有的社交网络应用软件，阅读电子邮件，回复短信。 Mark never stops ________________ his friends online，________________ all his social networking apps，reading his emails and answering text messages． ②社交网络在很多方面支配着他的生活。 Social networking __________________ in so many ways． ③由于他花了很多时间在线社交，他总是拖延一些在现实生活中很重要的事情。 Since he ______________________________________，he ______________ things that are important in his real life． ④他和朋友们经常在网上喋喋不休，但最终他们见面时却无话可说。 His friends and he ____________ online so much，but they _____________________ when they meet． ⑤他甚至无法想象一个星期不使用社交网络的情景。真是个网虫！ He can't even _____________________ social networking for a week．What an Internet addict! Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 情感描写 grateful；upset；ashamed；distracted；depressed 动作描写 drag；chase；chatter；bend；complain；defend；pour 其他 fuel；acid Step 2．续写练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 我们的地理老师正在解释为什么化石燃料导致酸雨，这时天开始下起倾盆大雨。我很沮丧，因为我没有雨衣，并和我的同桌抱怨这场大雨。突然，老师弯下腰，拉拉我的袖子，告诉我不要喋喋不休。我羞愧地站起来，脸变得通红。老师告诉我不要分心。 尽管有点郁闷，我真的很感激他提醒我。 Our geography teacher was explaining ___________________________．I was upset because I didn't have a raincoat and _______________________________ with my deskmate．Suddenly，the teacher _________，pulled my sleeve and told me not to ____________．_______，I stood up with blood rushing to my face．My teacher told me ____________________．Though _______________，I was really _______________ for reminding me． 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 选择性必修第一册　UNIT 1 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．host　2．delay　3．practical　4．stimulation　5．worthwhile　6．upset　7．demanding　8．belong　9．lack　10．manner 语境运用 1．belonged　2．hosted　3．manners　4．lacking　5．upsets　6．was delayed 派生单词 1．occasional；occasionally　2．complaint　3．accessible；inaccessible　4．shameful；shameless；ashamed　5．distracted；distraction　6．really；reality　7．associated；association　8．appointed；appointment　9．humorous　10．gratitude；gratefully 语境运用 1．occasional；occasionally　2．access；accessible　3．really；real；reality　4．distracted；distractions　5．ashamed；shameful；shameless　6．appointment；appointed　7．humour；humorous　8．associated；association　9．gratefully；gratitude 高频短语 1．for the first time　2．pour into　3．associated with　4．obsess over　5．chatter away　6．on behalf of sb．7．in contrast to　8．add up to　9．set off　10．lack confidence in　11．have access to　12．check through　13．in reality　14．chase after　15．bend over 语境运用 1．associate with　2．obsessed over　3．in contrast to　4．On behalf of　5．have access to　6．in reality　7．add up to　8．for the first time 写作佳句背诵 1．what will happen　2．If only I had a body　3．Not all men are suitable for　4．it very hard to break the cigarette habit 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①to　②for　③gratitude [完美写作]I would be grateful 2．①playing　②practical [完美写作]in practice 3．①of　②lacking [完美写作]Though lacking experience 4．①to　②accessible [完美写作]have/get/obtain/gain easy access to lectures 5．①about/by/at　②to know [完美写作]What upsets me 6．①it　②of [完美写作]Embarrassed and ashamed 7．①in 　②manners [完美写作]on how to mind your table manners in China 8．①associated　②with　③association [完美写作]If you associate with positive­thinking people 9．①to　②about/of　③complaints [完美写作]complain to the manager about/of his service 10．①as　②to act　③appointed [完美写作]If you phone for an appointment 11．of；approval；disapproved [完美写作]①if you could approve our proposal　②if you could give your approval to our proposal 12．①going　②to cut [完美写作]①be used to do the same thing　②be used to getting up early　③used to get the mail early 13．①over　②in　③on [完美写作]take up too much of your time 14．①were　②had had　 [完美写作]①could accompany you forever　②can you recover soon 15．①more　②greater [完美写作]①the other students　②any other student　③any of the other students　④anyone else 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．humorous　2．occasionally　3．manners　4．association　5．hadn't ignored　6．drinking　7．intention　8．appointment Ⅱ．1．for　2．of　3．about/by/at　4．of　5．with 层级二 Ⅰ．1．pouring　2．stimulation　3．preference　4．depressed　5．distraction　6．be organised　7．belonging　8．demanding Ⅱ．1．an　2．it　3．off/out　4．to　5．away 层级三 Ⅰ．1．B　2．C　3．A Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：方式状语 尝试翻译：它们不仅看起来很漂亮，而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助记忆来促进人们的健康。 2．化繁为简：伴随状语；宾语 尝试翻译：当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索他房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。 3．化繁为简：表语；时间状语 尝试翻译：人们忘记的是，当意大利人来到澳大利亚时，带来了他们2 000年的文化，希腊人带来了大约3 000年的文化，中国人带来了更加悠久的文化。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．subjects　2．in　3．simply　4．boring　5．interesting　6．to learn　7．confidence　8．to give　9．the　10．since 维度二 Step 1． ①associating with；checking through　②dominates his life　③spends so much time socialising online；keeps delaying　④chatter away；end up having nothing to say　⑤imagine going without Step 2． Mark never stops associating with his friends online，checking through all his social networking apps，reading his emails and answering text messages．In reality，social networking dominates his life in so many ways．Since he spends so much time socialising online，he keeps delaying things that are important in his real life．It's funny that his friends and he chatter away online so much，but they end up having nothing to say when they meet．He can't even imagine going without social networking for a week．What an Internet addict! 维度三 Step 2． why fossil fuels led to acid rain when it began pouring；complained about the heavy rain；bent over；chatter away；Ashamed；not to be distracted；a bit depressed；grateful to him $$ 课时分层作业(十九) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款远程协作应用软件。 1．C　[细节理解题。根据Process Street部分中的“Those who use Process Street like the way it securely keeps all members aware of exactly what they need to do and by when．”可知，该软件帮助团队成员知晓任务的内容和截止时间。故选C项。] 2．B　[细节理解题。根据Skype部分中的“The only downside with Skype is that you need a Microsoft login in order to use it．”可知，在使用Skype之前需要注册微软账户。故选B项。] 3．A　[推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Thanks to a select few remote collaboration apps，it's now easier than ever to realize the goal regardless of where they are located on the globe．”以及下文对这四个应用软件的介绍可知，这四个软件可以帮助使用者更好、更快地完成工作，提高使用者的工作效率。故选A项。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现：对许多孩子来说，幼儿期是与人建立友谊的重要时期。 4．C　5．D　6．A　7．C 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了做梦和睡眠之间的关系，以及缺乏做梦给我们带来的损害。 8．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Dreams，according to ...during waking consciousness．”可知，Carl Jung认为梦揭示了在清醒意识中一些被隐藏的现实，即梦会反映现实。故选D。] 9．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段第一句内容可知，你可能认为这只是睡眠问题，但做梦与夜间休息是分不开的。再结合第三段最后两句“The longer we ...level of REM．”可知，我们睡得越久，在快速眼动阶段(做梦)花费的时间就越多，这就是我们早上醒来时经常在做梦的原因。然而，如果我们的睡眠时间少于7小时，就很难达到这种程度的快速眼动。由此可推知，我们是否做梦，与睡眠时长及睡眠过程中的快速眼动是有直接关系的，所以第三段对睡眠过程进行解释，是为了证明做梦问题和睡眠问题是有关联的。故选C。] 10．A　[推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“Volunteers that experienced ...requiring creative solutions．”可知，经历了更多快速眼动睡眠的志愿者更善于解决需要创造性解决方案的问题。由此可推知，做梦能让人更具有创造力。故选A。] 11．B　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段阐述了做梦的重要性，缺乏做梦会给我们带来损害；第二段介绍了缺乏做梦会对我们的免疫系统、新陈代谢系统和记忆造成损害；第四段说睡眠和做梦结合起来可以起到稳定情绪的作用；第五段说我们正以许多方式为缺乏做梦付出代价。由此可推知，本文主要介绍了缺乏做梦对于我们来说是可怕的。故选B。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。Amy Jandrisevits用玩具娃娃来帮助孩子们适应他们不断变化的医疗状况，并帮助他们建立自信。 1．A　[根据下文的“using dolls to ...medical situations”可知，玩具娃娃可用来帮助孩子们，所以此处是说它们有一种我们不完全理解的力量。] 2．B　[根据语境可知，这是她在做社会工作者时得到的灵感(inspiration)。] 3．B　[根据下文的“their changing medical situations”可知，此处表示“适应不断变化的医疗状况”。adapt to“适应”。] 4．D　[根据下文的“looked like her friend's child”可知，一个朋友说她的孩子遭遇了一场车祸。] 5．B　[根据上文的“her child was ...on his face”可知，此处表示帮助这个年轻人度过这个充满挑战的时期。unforgettable“令人难忘的”；challenging“有挑战性的”；complex“复杂的”；impressive“给人印象深刻的”。] 6．D　[根据下文的“tell a kid，‘You are perfect in the way you are．’”并结合常识可知，那个孩子脸上留疤了，所以要告诉一个孩子“你这样就很完美”并以这样的方式树立起信心是很难的。] 7．A　[参见上题解析。] 8．D　[根据下文的“She made a doll ...sent it off．”可知，Jandrisevits着手改变这种状况。] 9．D　[根据下文的“a photo online”可知，此处表示在网上公布了一张照片。post“公布，张贴，发布”。] 10．C　[根据下文的“soon Jandrisevits was ...photos sent by parents”可知，很多人都知道了这件事情。由此可知，消息传开了，故空处应表示“传播”。] 11．B　[根据下文的“started a non­profit organization”可知，她辞掉了之前的工作，创办了一家非营利性机构。] 12．A　[根据上下文的“non­profit organization”可知，她从来没有对一个玩具娃娃收费。charge“收费，(向……)要价”。] 13．C　[根据上文的“The waiting list is long but”可知，等候名单很长，但Jandrisevits是坚定的。determined“坚定的”。] 14．A　[根据语境可知，此处表示“每个孩子，无论性别、年龄、药物问题还是体型，都应该看到玩具娃娃可爱的脸，并看到自己的脸”。regardless of“不管，不顾”符合语境。] 15．C　[根据下文的“face of a doll”及常识可知，玩具娃娃的脸是可爱的。sweet“惹人喜爱的，可爱的”。] Ⅲ．【参考范文】 Dear David， I'm Li Hua，chief editor of the school English newspaper．I'd like to invite you to join our talks at 8 pm next Sunday． Our school English newspaper enjoys great popularity among students in our school，which provides a platform for us to have a deeper insight into English learning，English culture and customs．We'd like you to talk about your teaching experience and share with us your opinions on how to improve our English listening and speaking skills． I am looking forward to your early reply． Yours sincerely， Li Hua 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(十九) 选择性必修第一册　UNIT 1　RELATIONSHIPS Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 篇(限时6分钟) In today's fast-paced world，it's no surprise that everyone is on the hunt for better ways to accomplish more with less online．Thanks to a select few remote collaboration apps，it's now easier than ever to realize the goal regardless of where they are located on the globe． G Suite G Suite is a term used to describe Google's collection of productivity apps．They include Google Does (similar to Microsoft Word)，Google Sheets (similar to Microsoft Excel)，and Google Hangouts，which is a web-based meeting platform． Process Street Using Process Street helps keep everyone responsible．Those who use Process Street like the way it securely keeps all members aware of exactly what they need to do and by when．Team members can track activity from the dashboard and get noted when tasks are done． Loom Loom is a web-based ad hoc video platform that allows users to record their screens for quick replaying by others．This is great for how-to videos，webinars，and instructional guides．The best part about Loom is that it's free to use． Skype Skype is the tried and trusted chatting/video conferencing platform that has stood the test of time over and over again．Skype，a Microsoft product，allows for fast communication with anyone else who has a login，and it even supports international calling with video．The only downside with Skype is that you need a Microsoft login in order to use it． 1．Which app can keep a team well informed of assigned tasks? A．G Suite．　　 B．Loom． C．Process Street． D．Skype． 2．What should one do before using Skype? A．Specialize in Microsoft office． B．Apply for a Microsoft login． C．Update the Microsoft system． D．Record the Microsoft screens． 3．What do the four apps have in common? A．They can improve efficiency． B．They need to be replayed． C．They are difficult to access． D．They are free of charge． B 篇(限时7分钟) (2024年1月，九省联考)For lots of kids，toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship．Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships，the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults．Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors，such as kindness，sharing，and cooperation． Even so，how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament (性格)．Some toddlers are very social，but others are shy．In addition，the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship．Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying “I like you”during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior． This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior．Regardless of how much they like a playmate，they may still grab his toys，refuse to share，and get bossy．But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age．Through play experiences，toddlers learn social rules．That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are．When you establish these guidelines，explain the reasons behind them． Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying．What's making him so sad？”)，then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball．”)．When your child shares or shows empathy (同理心) toward a friend，praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better．”)． Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words — not fists — to express how they feel．It's also important to be mindful of how your child's personality affects playtime．Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry，so schedule playtime when they're refreshed． 4．What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates' behavior? A．They are interested in acting． B．They are shy with the strangers． C．They are fond of their playmates． D．They are tired of playing games． 5．What does the author suggest parents do for their kids? A．Design games for them． B．Find them suitable playmates． C．Play together with them． D．Help them understand social rules． 6．What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4? A．Giving examples． B．Explaining concepts． C．Providing evidence． D．Making comparisons． 7．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．How Children Adapt to Changes B．How to Be a Role Model for Children C．How Your Baby Learns to Love D．How to Communicate with Your Kid C 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·广东省六校联盟联考)Dreams，according to Carl Jung，reveal a certain amount of reality hidden during waking consciousness．In Jungian philosophy，the conflict and chaos experienced in dreams finally bring order to our lives．While Jung's mystical theories were debatable，he was not mistaken about the importance of dreaming．A growing number of reports show that a continuous lack of dreaming is damaging our waking hours in many ways． This trend is causing damage to our immune and metabolic(新陈代谢的)systems，let alone the electronic products that keep us up late at night are ruining our sleep patterns，which has long-term consequences for our memory system．One study showed that not allowing mice to have adequate amounts of REM(Rapid Eye Movement)sleep，the stage in which we dream，the mice couldn't strengthen memories． You might think this is just a sleep problem，but dreaming is inseparable from our nighttime rest．We sleep in cycles(周期)，each lasting about 90 minutes; in a sleep cycle，we go through non-REM sleep before hitting REM．As the night progresses，REM sleep periods increase in length while deep sleep (one of the stages of non-REM sleep)decreases．The longer we sleep，the more time we spend in REM，which is why we are often dreaming when waking up in the morning．If we sleep less than seven hours，however，it becomes harder to achieve this level of REM． The combination of sleeping and dreaming acts as an emotional stabilizer．We recover from emotional hurt faster when we sleep and dream properly．However，we're not getting enough sleep to cycle through the stages to take advantage of this natural circadian anti-depressant(抗抑郁药)—dreams．Instead，we get depressed and turn to alcohol or medicines to get to sleep，which only makes things worse because even one drink leads to late REM while anti-depressants promote deep sleep at the expense of REM． We're paying for this lack of dreaming in many ways．For example，a 2021 study stated that compared with quiet rest and non-REM sleep，REM promoted the formation of associative networks and the integration(整合)of unassociated information．Volunteers that experienced more REM sleep were better equipped for solving problems requiring creative solutions． Rowan Hooper，the managing editor at New Scientist，writes that dreams that include an “emotional core”appear to be a main function of REM sleep and that we should look at sleep patterns as seriously as we look at diet and exercise habits． 8．What's Carl Jung's view about dreams? A．They cause chaos． B．They damage immunity． C．They reveal secrets． D．They mirror reality． 9．Why is the sleep process explained in paragraph 3? A．To show a dream mainly occurs during REM sleep． B．To prove the minimum sleep time should be seven hours． C．To prove dream problems and sleep problems are attached． D．To show people often dream when waking up in the morning． 10．What conclusion can be inferred from paragraph 5? A．Dreaming promotes creativity． B．Dreaming helps fight depression． C．The brain still receives new information during REM sleep． D．The brain is paying the price for having more non-REM sleep． 11．What's the main idea of the passage? A．The importance of sleep lies in dreams． B．The absence of dreams is terrible for us． C．Dreaming patterns are more important than we realize． D．Dreaming has mystical power of strengthening memories． Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟) (2024·青岛市调研)Amy Jandrisevits knows the value of a good doll．“Dolls have 1 we don't completely understand，”she said．It's a(n) 2 she got while she was working as a social worker using dolls to help young kids 3 their changing medical situations． Seven years ago，a 4 said that her child was involved in a car accident，leaving a scar(伤疤)on his face．Jandrisevits knew what might help the youth through this 5 period．“It's 6 to tell a kid，‘You are perfect in the way you are．’and to build 7 that way，”she says． Jandrisevits went about 8 that．She made a doll by hand that looked like her friend's child and sent it off．After the friend 9 a photo online of the happy child and doll，another woman asked Jandrisevits to make a doll for her baby，who was missing a leg． Word 10 and soon Jandrisevits was making dolls for children with birthmarks or facial deformities(畸形)，from photos sent by parents．She 11 her previous job and started a non-profit organization，A Doll Like Me．She hasn't 12 for a doll since she began her non-profit organization． In all she's made more than 400 dolls．The waiting list is long but Jandrisevits is 13 ．As she explains，“Every kid， 14 gender，age，medical issues or the body type，should look into the 15 face of a doll and see their own．” 1．A．power　　　 B．theme C．system D．fashion 2．A．lesson B．inspiration C．reward D．experience 3．A．turn to B．adapt to C．realize D．ignore 4．A．worker B．patient C．volunteer D．friend 5．A．unforgettable B．challenging C．complex D．impressive 6．A．natural B．generous C．helpful D．hard 7．A．confidence B．connection C．trust D．communication 8．A．following B．blessing C．explaining D．changing 9．A．took B．sent C．saw D．posted 10．A．came B．failed C．spread D．read 11．A．loved B．quit C．began D．lost 12．A．charged B．gone C．asked D．paid 13．A．tired B．curious C．determined D．famous 14．A．regardless of B．instead of C．apart from D．according to 15．A．restored B．beautified C．sweet D．funny Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟) 假定你是校英文报的编辑李华，打算对你校外教David 做一次关于如何提升学生英语听说能力的访谈。为此，请给外教写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．校英文报介绍； 2．访谈的时间和内容。 注意：1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear David， Yours sincerely， Li Hua 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$