06 第一部分 必修第二册 UNIT 6 THE ADMIRABLE-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（北师大版）

THE ADMIRABLE 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(心理描写)(2022·浙江1月卷)I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected． 2．(行为描写)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)As we all sat there helplessly，a fisherman pulled up，threw us a rope and towed(拖) us back． 3．(人物描写)(2024·“江南十校”联考)As a young girl I was outgoing and friendly，and even involved in after-school activities． (2022·浙江卷)I thought that we would just be passing out dinners to those in need，but I found out we would be doing everything from preparing to serving the dinner．We began preparing the food，from mixing salad dressing to separating frozen meat． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．____ vt．治好(疾病)；治愈 n．疗法 2．______ n．荣誉 vt．感到荣幸 3．______ vt．计划，设计 4．___________ n．机会；时机 5．__________ adv．最终；终于 6．_________ n．潜力；可能性 7．________ n．提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者 8．_____ vt．授予；给予 9．_____ vi．&vt．评价；判断 10．______ vt．认为，看作 11．______ vi．& vt．突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击 1．I thought I had finally _____ (cure) him of this annoying habit． 2．_______ (judge)by the company he kept，Mark must have been a wealthy man． 3．He ___________ (award) the Nobel Prize for achievements in physiology． 4．The collection gives students the opportunity _______ (read) works by well-known authors． 5．A good idea ______ (strike) me suddenly when I saw the program． 6．He ___________ (regard) as one of the best football players in the world． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．admire vt．钦佩；欣赏→_________ adj．令人钦佩的；极其出色的→__________ n．钦佩；赞赏；欣赏 2．generous adj．无私的；慷慨的；大方的→__________ adv．慷慨地→__________ n．大方；宽宏大量 3．effect n．效应；影响→_________ adj．有效的，产生预期效果的→___________ adv．有效地；实际上 4．limit n．极限；界限vt．限定→_______ adj．有限的 5．disable vt．使伤残→________ adj．残疾的；伤残的→__________ n．伤残，残障，障碍 6．respect vt．&n．尊敬；敬佩→___________ adj．值得尊敬的→__________ adj．恭敬的；有礼貌的→__________ adj．各自的，分别的 7．engage vi．参加，参与→___________n_约定；订婚→_______ adj．忙于……的；已订婚的 8．aware adj．意识到的→_________ n．认识；意识→_______ adj．没意识到的 9．promise v．承诺；答应→_________ adj．大有希望的 10．advance v．前进，促进 n．发展；进步→________ adj．高级的；先进的 1．Mr Li was my ___________ teacher and all of my classmates _________ him．(respect) 2．He is a great scientist who has made great contributions to agriculture，so everyone _______ his _________ achievements．(admire) 3．Thank you for contributing __________ to the scholarship fund and I really appreciate your __________ in the matter．(generous) 4．He was very polite but ___________ he was telling me that the training was much less _________ than expected．(effect) 5．Time is very _______，so your lecture should __________ to half an hour．(limit) 6．We shouldn't look down upon the people with ____________．The ________ should be treated with respect．(disable) 7．He has a number of social ___________ next week so he is _______ in preparation for them．(engage) 8．He made a _______ to stay with her forever，but couldn't guarantee her a _________ future．(promise) 9．We are fully _____ how important it is to raise the _________ of environmental protection．(aware) 10．It is recognized that ________ productivity will _______ the progress of society．(advance) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏中短语的适当形式填空) 1．_____________灭火 2．____________努力争取，为……斗争 3．______________心里已有…… 4．_____________除……之外 5．___________偶然发现；偶遇 6．______________被认为，被看作 7．______由于，因为 8．___________尽管……(仍……)；虽然；不顾 9．____________________对……产生影响 10．_______导致；通向 11．___________竞争；参加选拔 12．_____________支持，拥护 13．________主修 14．__________求助于…… 1．It was a difficult time．__________ everything else，we had financial problems． 2．Don't bother about me! _______ the fire first． 3．If you ___________ something or someone，you find them or meet them by chance． 4．______ the fact that they did not read English，the prisoners were unaware of what they were signing． 5．They went swimming ___________ all the danger signs． 6．They are raising a fund _____________ this good cause． 7．Eating too much sugar can _______ health problems． 8．You don't need to do much to___________________ others' lives． 9．I __________ psychology at Stanford then． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．not only...but also... Thus，not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films，but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life． 空气不仅占据空间，而且还具有重量。 Air ________ occupies space ___ it ____ has weight．(应用文之说明文) 2．动词-ing形式作状语 He also flew the flags of China and the United Nations，symbolising China's wish to explore and use space peacefully． 四个人进入房间，用好奇的目光环顾四周。 Four people entered the room _________________．(应用文之叙事句) 3．This was a time when...这是一段……时期 This was a time when the German Nazis were killing Jews． 那时的欧洲有着不可撼动的繁华与影响力。 ____________________ Europe seemed unchallenged in its prosperity and leadership．(续写之背景描写) 1．admire vt．[课本义]钦佩；欣赏 　[增补义]羡慕；赞美 ①Doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an _________ (admire) commitment． ②Molly is admired ___ her charming personality and remarkable ability． “多么漂亮的项链啊！”女孩羡慕地看着橱窗。 “What a beautiful necklace！”The girl _________________________________． ◎admire sb．for sth．因某事而羡慕/钦佩某人 ◎admiration n．[U]赞赏；羡慕 ◎with/in admiration羡慕地 ◎have/express admiration for sb．/sth．羡慕/钦佩某人/物 ◎admirable adj．令人钦佩的；极其出色的 one of the most admirable characters in the series剧中最值得赞赏的角色之一 2．effective adj．有效的，产生预期效果的 ①He has now taken _________ (effect)control of the country． ②The new law will come ____ effect next month． ③__ effect，the state decides how many students will go to university． 他热情洋溢的演讲对我们学校的学生产生了很大的影响。 His passionate speech ______________________the students in our school． ◎effect n．效应；功效；影响 ◎have an effect on对……产生影响 ◎come into effect开始实施；开始生效 ◎in effect实际上；事实上 ◎efficiency n．效率；功效 ◎have an actual effect 有实效 ◎have an negative effect产生负面影响 ◎highly effective treatment效果非常显著的治疗方法 3．award [课本义]vt．授予；给予 　[增补义]n．奖；奖品 ①He received an award ___ bravery from the police service． ②He awarded first prize __ the winner． ③The soldier was awarded ___ his great courage in the battle． 当他因出色的表现获得一等奖时，他激动得流下了眼泪。 ____________________________________________，he shed tears of excitement． ◎award sb．for sth．因某事颁奖给某人 ◎award sth．to sb．＝award sb．sth．把某物颁发给某人 ◎win/receive/get an award (for)...(因……而)赢得/得到/获得奖项 ◎present a bravery award to a schoolgirl颁发给一名女生英勇奖状 ◎be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize获得诺贝尔和平奖 4．honour [课本义]n．荣誉 vt．感到荣幸 　[增补义]n．尊敬；荣幸 v．尊敬，尊重；给予表扬 ①Zhang Zhongjing has been ________ (honour) as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty． ②A ceremony was held by local people __ honour of the Independence Day． 能有机会在这里演讲，我感到非常荣幸。 ①___________________________________ the opportunity to deliver a speech here．(it作形式主语) ②________________________________ the opportunity to deliver a speech here．(it作形式宾语) ◎It's an honour for sb．to do sth．对某人来说做某事很荣幸 ◎feel it an honour to do sth．为做某事感到荣幸 ◎in honour of...向……表示敬意；为纪念…… ◎be/feel honoured to do sth．做某事感到荣幸 ◎be honoured for their achievements in many different areas of life 他们因为在生活的许多不同领域取得成就而受到尊敬 ◎a distinguished and honoured name 一个著名的、令人尊敬的名字 5．advance [课本义]n．发展；进步 　[增补义]v．前进；进步；促进 ①The cooks arrived __ advance of the main party． ②________ (advance) technology was brought into the local factory last year． 尽管人类在某些领域取得了进步，但它们总是威胁着自然资源的存在。 _________________________________，they are always threatening the existence of natural resources． ◎in advance预先；提前 ◎in advance of sth．在……前；超前 ◎make an advance/advances取得进步 ◎advance on/towards/upon朝……前进 ◎advanced adj．先进的；高级的 ◎a man of advanced years一位年事已高的人 ◎be announced a week in advance提前一周宣布 6．inspiring adj．鼓舞人心的 ①And they inspire the country ____ their selflessness and their courage． ②His speech was _________ (inspire) and touched my heart． ③His brother's example inspired him ______ (try)out for the football team． ①根据课文改编的那部新戏剧是神来之笔。 The new play adapted from the text is ___________________． ②她是我见过的最鼓舞人心的人之一。 She was one of __________________________I've ever met． ◎inspire v．启发；鼓舞，鼓励；给(某人)创作灵感 ◎inspire sb．with sth．以……激励/鼓舞某人 ◎inspire sb．to do sth．激励某人做某事 ◎inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物) ◎inspired adj．能力卓越的；借助于灵感创作的 ◎inspire him with confidence 使他产生信心 ◎inspire me to pursue my dream 激励我追逐梦想 ◎a rich source of inspiration 灵感的丰富源泉 7．impressive adj．令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的 ①We left the __________ (impress) on audience that we were determined to win． ②He was well-built，but too fleshy to be __________ (impress)． ③Our teacher impressed the importance of knowledge __ us． (普通表达)I was impressed with your kindness most． ①(高级表达)______________________ was your kindness．(用含有impress的主语从句改写) ②(高级表达)_______________________________ was your kindness．(用含有impressive的主语从句改写) ◎impress vt．使留下深刻的好印象 ◎impress sb．with sth．使某人铭记某事；用某事打动某人 ◎impress sth．on sb．使某人铭记某事 ◎impression n．印象，感觉 ◎leave/make a deep impression on sb．给某人留下深刻的印象 ◎be very impressive in the interview在面试中表现得十分出色 ◎make a favourable impression on his parents给他的父母留下好印象 8．respect vt．& n．尊敬；敬佩 ①There are many ___________ (respect) people around us．They may be our teachers，parents or elders． ②We should show our respect ___ the journalist who revealed the truth with bravery． ③Please give my ________ (respect) to the staff of the academy． 我毕恭毕敬地向每一位顾客鞠躬，始终面带笑容。 ______________________________________，wearing a big smile all the time． ◎have/show respect for尊敬；尊重；重视 ◎give/send one's respects to 代某人向……问候 ◎in every respect/in all respects在各方面 ◎respect sb．for sth．因某事而尊重某人 ◎respectful adj．表示敬意的；尊敬的 ◎respectable adj．可敬的；体面的 ◎respect for life 尊重生命 ◎behave in a respectful way举止彬彬有礼 ◎a hard-working and respectable teacher一位勤勉可敬的老师 9．awareness n．认识；意识 ①Women are now aware __ their rights and are prepared to stand up to their employers． ②As a result of this new _________ (aware)，attitudes towards health are changing． 该运动旨在提高人们对环境保护的认识。 The campaign aims _____________________________________________________． ◎raise one's awareness of...加强某人对……的意识 ◎aware adj．知道的；明白的；意识到的 ◎be aware of...察觉到……；意识到…… ◎be aware that...意识到…… an awareness of the importance of having a healthy diet对健康饮食重要性的认识 10．design [课本义]vt．计划，设计 　[增补义]vt．意欲；制造 n．打算；目的；意图 ①The slope is an easy access which is specially designed ___ people with disability． ②This project is designed _______ (help) landless people． ③Since we decide __ design or accident to bring children into the world，with that comes the duty to care for them． 为了庆祝春节，人们贴上了一些特别设计的剪纸。 _________________________________ are put up to celebrate the Spring Festival． ◎be designed for sth．/sb．为某事/某人而设计 ◎be designed to do sth．为做某事而设计 ◎by design＝on purpose故意地 ◎designer n．设计者 ◎special new design features特别的新型设计风格 ◎abstract designs抽象图案 ◎a badly designed kitchen一个设计糟糕的厨房 11．come across [课本义]偶然发现；偶遇 　[增补义]被理解，被弄懂；给人以……印象 ①Can you tell me how the accident came ______? ②When the right opportunity comes _____，she'll take it． ③Many people can use a computer，but when it comes to _________ (repair) them，most of them really know nothing． 每次我遇到难题，我都会向布莱克先生求助。 __________________________________________，I would turn to Mr Black for help． ◎come about发生，产生 ◎come off除去，脱掉；掉下来；成功 ◎come over突然感到；短暂造访 ◎come to达到；总共，总计 ◎come along到达；出现 ◎when it comes to...当谈到…… ◎come across well in the interview 面试中给人留下好印象 ◎come off it别胡扯；住口 ◎come over for a chat请来一叙 12．[教材原句]When thanking the Committee for the honour，Tu Youyou said，“This is not only an honour for myself，but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China．”屠呦呦感谢委员会授予她如此殊荣时说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。” ①He opened his mouth as if ______ (say) something grateful． ②While _______ (work)，I realized how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun． (普通表达)If I am accepted，I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors．It can help them know more about Chinese culture． (高级表达)___________，I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors，___________________________________________________．(状语从句的省略、定语从句) 状语从句的省略有两种形式： ◎当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中谓语含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。 ◎当从句中含有“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。 If possible，I will always accompany my parents，watching the sunrise and sunset together！如果有可能，我将永远陪伴在父母身边，同看日出日落！ 13．[教材原句]He also flew the flags of China and the United Nations，symbolising China's wish to explore and use space peacefully．他还悬挂了中国和联合国的国旗，象征着中国希望和平探索和利用太空。 ①_______ (work) in the factory，I learned a lot from the workers． ②He sat in the armchair，_______ (read) a newspaper． ③________ (enter) the office，I picked up the telephone and called Jim． 她坐在窗边，一句话也不敢说。 She sat by the window，________________________． ◎动词-ing形式(短语)作时间、原因、条件状语时，多位于句首；作结果、方式、伴随状语时，通常位于句末。 ◎动词-ing形式作状语时，句子主语与动词-ing形式之间是主动关系；过去分词作状语时，句子主语与过去分词之间是被动关系。 Dancing in the forest，those leaves look like golden butterflies．那些树叶在林间翩翩飞舞，看上去就像金色的蝴蝶。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．The meeting is aimed at strengthening safety _________ (aware) of employees． 2．Only by improving education and high technology can a country become an ________ (advance) one． 3．The gold medal will __________ (award) to whoever wins first place in the bicycle race． 4．He said that the route was designed __________(relieve) traffic congestion． 5．I feel greatly ________(honour) to give a lecture about how to deal with greenhouse effect． 6．_______(walk) in the dark street alone，the girl looked back now and then． 7．When ______ (give) a lecture about ecology，he was interrupted by scary noises． 8．The firefighters rescued many people trapped in the ruins and their bravery was really ___________ (respect)． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．__ struck me that I could learn to conduct an experiment by observing the students ahead of me． 2．His vehicle broke down halfway to the shelter due __ lack of gas． 3．The brochure is specially designed ___ the women living in remote villages． 4．When he came ______ the polar bear，he was nearly frightened to death． 5．Noisy students have a distractive effect __ those who want to study． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity __________(display) their works． 2．Not only ____(do) she speak Spanish，but also she knows how to type． 3．We must have the patience to continue to work until we find a ________(peace) solution． 4．All my children are grown-ups and live _____________ (independent) now． 5．She worked so hard that __________ (eventual) she won first prize in the competition． 6．He was voted the most _________ (promise) new actor for his part in the movie． 7．The trade union ________ (move) is concerned with working conditions． 8．I advocate _______ (ban) trucks in the city centre because it will reduce air pollution and noise． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．We are prepared to fight ___ every inch of territory． 2．The reason ___ people become old is that their bodies produce T-cells． 3．These teams are going to try out ___ the Olympic Games． 4．He committed himself __ reforming health care last century． 5．It would be pointless to engage __ hypothesis before we have the facts． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents． _ A．外皮 B．皮肤　　　　 C．毛皮 2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves：nursing．_ A．发展　 B．促进　 C．行进 3．(2020·北京卷)In some respects，today's powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak． _ A．尊敬　 B．重视　 C．方面 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语) 1．(2023·全国甲卷)Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher's work in the context(背景) of one thing they can help us do better． 本句是复合句，句子主干是Weiner starts each chapter and then frames each philosopher's work。starts和frames是两个并列的__，they can help us do better是省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词one thing。____指代哲学家的作品。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ 2．(2023·全国乙卷)Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar，either farm fields or highways，sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes． 本句是复合句，句子主干是I find distinctive character。Although引导让步状语从句，either farm fields or highways作landscapes的___。 [尝试翻译]________________________________________________ 3．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them． 本句是复合句，句子主干是Naming each nature experience creates a usable language。which引导______从句，修饰先行词language，该定语从句中又包含另一个____that are most satisfying and meaningful to them。 [尝试翻译]_________________________________________________________ Christopher Reeve was born in 1952 to a novelist father and a journalist mother．From 1978 to 1987，he 1．_________(give) the lead role to star in four Superman films 2．_____ were very popular and successful．A terrible disaster in 1995 changed the course of his life forever．While horseback riding，he 3．_____ (break) his neck．As a result，he had no movement or feeling in his body and couldn't even breathe 4．_______ the help of a machine．His injuries were so severe 5．____ many doctors did not believe he would survive．At first，Reeve's being trapped in a broken body made him very 6．_________ (depress)，but eventually，he decided to recover as best as he could．He undertook an intense exercise programme 7．________ (design) to help him rebuild muscle．Alongside this，he became a passionate and 8．_________ (energy) advocate for others 9．_________ (suffer) from back injuries and disabilities．He inspired many people with his confidence to recover and his desire to help others．For that reason he 10．_____________ (remember) by many as a superhero in real life，as well as in films． Step 1．要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①1969年，屠呦呦被选中成立了一个小组，以找到治愈疟疾的方法，这种疾病每年夺去数百万人的生命。 In 1969，Tu Youyou _________________________________________________ malaria—a disease that killed ___________ people every year． ②他们测试了24万多种化学物质但都没有成功之后，屠呦呦研究了古代中医的医学文献，拜访了中医界的专家。 After they tested more than 240，000 chemicals________________，Tu Youyou studied ________________________ and visited____________________________． ③屠呦呦和她的团队开始运用现代研究方法，对这些中草药逐一进行研究，这不是一项容易的工作。 Tu Youyou and her team began using modern research methods _________________，which was not an easy task． ④他们资源有限，还没有足够的人手。 They had _________________ and they did not have ____________． ⑤经过数百次失败的实验，他们最终发现了一种很有希望的化学物质。现在它已经成为世界上抗击疟疾最有效的药物。 After hundreds of __________________，they eventually _____________________，which has now become ______________________ for fighting malaria． ⑥由于她杰出的贡献，屠呦呦已经成为中国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。 ___________________________________，Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese female scientist ______________________． Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 情感描写 admire；honour；respect；passionate；depression；What a shame！；inspiring 动作描写 pick out；protest；award；strike；undertake；gain 环境描写 stage；academy；peaceful Step 2．续写练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 在我们学院的报告厅，一场颁奖典礼在愉快而祥和的气氛中举行。他们感到很荣幸能得到这些奖项。我如此羡慕台上那些优秀的学生以至于我想象着自己是他们中的一员。然后我意识到我在做什么。多么遗憾啊！一时间，我很消沉。然后，我突然想到，我应该努力学习，以获得站在台上的机会！ In the lecture hall of ___________，________________________．They _____________ to be given these prizes．______________________________ so much that I imagined myself being one of them．Then I realized what I was doing．____________！For a while I was _____________．Then __________________ to stand on the stage！ 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 必修第二册　UNIT 6 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．cure　2．honour　3．design　4．opportunity　5．eventually　6．potential　7．advocate　8．award　9．judge　10．regard　11．strike 语境运用 1．cured　2．Judging　3．was awarded　4．to read　5．struck　6．is regarded 派生单词 1．admirable；admiration　2．generously；generosity　3．effective；effectively　4．limited　5．disabled；disability　6．respectable；respectful；respective　7．engagement；engaged　8．awareness；unaware　9．promising　10．advanced 语境运用 1．respectable；respected　2．admires；admirable　3．generously；generosity　4．effectively；effective　5．limited；be limited　6．disabilities；disabled　7．engagements；engaged　8．promise；promising　9．aware；awareness　10．advanced；advance 高频短语 1．put out fires　2．fight for..．3．have...in mind　4．apart from..．5．come across　6．be regarded as　7．due to　8．in spite of　9．make a difference to　10．lead to　11．try out for　12．in support of　13．major in　14．turn to... 语境运用 1．Apart from　2．Put out　3．come across　4．Due to　5．in spite of　6．in support of　7．lead to　8．make a difference to　9．majored in 写作佳句背诵 1．not only；but；also　2．looking around in a curious way　3．This was a time when 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①admirable　②for [完美写作]looked into the shop window with/in admiration 2．①effective　②into　③In [完美写作]had a great effect on 3．①for　②to　③for [完美写作]Whenawardedfirstprizefor his excellent performance 4．①honoured　②in [完美写作]①It is a great honour for me to have　②I feel it a great honour to have 5．①in　②Advanced [完美写作]While/Though humans make advances in some areas 6．①with　②inspiring　③to try [完美写作]①an inspired passage　②the most inspiring people 7．①impression　②impressive　③on [完美写作]①What impressed me most　②What's the most impressive for me 8．①respectable　②for　③respects [完美写作]I bowed respectfully to every customer 9．①of　②awareness [完美写作]to raise people's awareness of environmental protection 10．①for　②to help　③by [完美写作]Paper cuttings of special designs 11．①about　②along　③repairing [完美写作]Every time I came across difficult problems 12．①to say　②working [完美写作]If accepted；which can help them know more about Chinese culture 13．①Working　②reading　③Entering [完美写作]not daring to say a word 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．awareness　2．advanced　3．be awarded　4．to relieve　5．honoured　6．Walking　7．giving　8．respectable Ⅱ．1．It　2．to　3．for　4．across　5．on 层级二 Ⅰ．1．to display　2．does　3．peaceful　4．independently　5．eventually　6．promising　7．movement　8．banning Ⅱ．1．for　2．why　3．for　4．to　5．in 层级三 Ⅰ．1．A　2．B　3．C Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：谓语；they 尝试翻译：魏纳每一章都以城际火车旅行的场景开始，然后把每位哲学家的作品通过一件事来说明，而他们的作品能让我们把这件事做得更好。 2．化繁为简：同位语 尝试翻译：尽管中西部地区的景观往往很相似，要么是农田，要么是公路，但我有时会在山丘或湖泊中发现独特的风貌。 3．化繁为简：非限制性定语；定语从句 尝试翻译：为每种自然体验命名可以创造出一个可用的语言，这种语言有助于帮助人们认识和参与对他们来说非常令人满意和有意义的活动。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．was given　2．which　3．broke　4．without　5．that　6．depressed　7．designed　8．energetic　9．suffering 10．is remembered 维度二 Step 1． ①was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for；millions of　②with no success；ancient Chinese medical literature；experts in traditional Chinese medicine　③to study these Chinese herbs one by one　④limited resources；enough staff　⑤failed experiments；came across a promising chemical；the world's most effective drug　⑥Due to her outstanding contribution；to win the Nobel Prize Step 2． In 1969，Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria—a disease that killed millions of people every year．After they tested more than 240，000 chemicals with no success，Tu Youyou studied ancient Chinese medical literature and visited experts in traditional Chinese medicine．Then Tu Youyou and her team began using modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs one by one，which was not an easy task．They had limited resources and they did not have enough staff．However，after hundreds of failed experiments，they eventually came across a promising chemical，which has now become the world's most effective drug for fighting malaria．Due to her outstanding contribution，Tu Youyou has become the first Chinese female scientist to win the Nobel Prize． 维度三 Step 2． our academy；an award ceremony was held in a happy and peaceful atmosphere；felt honoured；I admired those excellent students on the stage；What a shame；in depression；it struck me that I should study hard to gain an opportunity $$ 课时分层作业(十一) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了在南俄勒冈大学住宿应该注意的一些事项。 1．C　[写作意图题。根据文章第一段中的“Every resident shares the responsibility of knowing and understanding our residence hall standards，so everyone can live in a positive environment．”并结合下文介绍的注意事项可知，本文主要介绍了在南俄勒冈大学住宿应该注意的一些事项。故选C项。] 2．A　[细节理解题。根据BICYCLES AND MOTORCYCLES部分中的“Bicycles may not be stored in hallways or any other public hall location，except Shasta and McLoughlin Hall，where bicycles can be stored within each room．”可知，Shasta的住户的自行车可以放在房间内。故选A项。] 3．B　[细节理解题。根据NOISE & QUIET HOURS部分中的“Friday and Saturday from midnight to 10 am．”可知，周五晚上 10：00 可以举行聚会活动。故选B项。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者和妻子返回伊丽莎白女王国家公园去看生态系统的变化，偶遇了一只鳄鱼。通过和鳄鱼的短暂接触，他们发现公园的生态系统维持得很好，最后作者呼吁我们在探索自然的过程中也要尊重自然。 4．C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We knew that time ...see how it was going．”可知，作者和妻子回来是想看看伊丽莎白女王国家公园的变化，结合文章内容，尤其是最后一段中的“a healthy ecosystem”可推测出他们主要是想看看公园的生态系统。] 5．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“She was familiar with...if needed．”可知，在这个特殊的地方她对这种鳄鱼很熟悉，况且她还有一个巨大的水下摄像机外壳，如果需要的话这个外壳可以充当强大的盾牌；据此可以推知，面对鳄鱼Jennifer感到轻松是因为她可以保护她自己。] 6．B　[句意理解题。根据最后一段中的“The crocodile is ...curious crocodile．”可知，鳄鱼是一种标志性动物，是可以支持顶级捕食性动物生存的健康生态系统的象征。维持生态旅游、探险和保护生态这三者之间的平衡至关重要。如果游客采用作者和妻子对待那只好奇的鳄鱼的相同理念，这种平衡是有可能达成的。再结合前文可知，作者和妻子对鳄鱼持尊重的态度，据此可推知，画线句应是说我们在旅游、探索自然时也要尊重自然。] 7．D　[标题归纳题。文章讲述了作者和妻子重返伊丽莎白女王国家公园，想看看生态系统的变化，后来在拍照过程中偶遇了一只鳄鱼。通过和鳄鱼的短暂接触，作者觉得生态系统维持得很好，最后作者呼吁我们在探索自然的过程中也要尊重自然。所以D项最适合作本文的标题。] 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。我们应该为澳大利亚“无碳周”感到兴奋吗？虽然一些人将其视为该国的环保举措，但从宏观角度上看，它却并不那么鼓舞人心。 8．A　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“renewables supplied only 23 per cent of ...while 45 per cent came from natural gas”可知，在“无碳周”，45%的电力来自天然气，故A项正确。] 9．C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Australia is off­track when it comes to meeting its long­term targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions”，并结合本段的陈述可以推断，在减少温室气体排放问题上，澳大利亚还需要付出更多努力，故C项正确。] 10．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Australia has now stopped the financial aid ...come to a stop in a decade．”可以推知，可再生能源的变革需要持续的资金援助，故D项正确。] 11．A　[观点态度题。根据第一段中的“Should we be thrilled that ...the bigger picture is less encouraging．”可知，作者对“无碳周”持怀疑态度，故A项正确。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一名在校大学生，在驾车外出途中汽车出了故障，她设法开到一家加油站，却发现汽车修理工不上班。后来，与她素不相识的一位老先生来加油，为她修好了汽车。 1．C　2．A　3．D　4．B　5．C　6．D　7．A　8．B　9．C　10．D 11．A　12．B　13．C　14．A　15．B Ⅲ．【参考范文】 Dear Sir or Madam， Knowing English volunteer guides for the Capital Museum are wanted during the summer vacation，I am writing to apply for this position．I am a Senior 3 student in Hongxing Middle School，and I believe I am qualified for the position． These years，I have been on several exchange programs in America，which makes me confident about my communication skills in English．Besides，as a fan of Chinese ancient history，I am sure my knowledge will prove helpful when I introduce Chinese culture to foreign guests．I would be very grateful if you could offer me the opportunity． Thank you for your consideration．Looking forward to your reply． Yours sincerely， Li Hua 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(十一) 必修第二册　UNIT 6　THE ADMIRABLE Ⅰ．阅读理解 A 篇(限时6分钟) Southern Oregon University(SOU) housing is not just a place to live．It is an educational environment in which we are committed to helping you learn outside of the classroom and preparing you for life beyond college．Every resident shares the responsibility of knowing and understanding our residence hall standards，so everyone can live in a positive environment． HEALTH AND SAFETY Actions which endanger the health and safety of residents are not permitted in the residence halls．Throwing any object from windows，fighting with water，lighting candles and engaging in sports or other physical activity inside the residence halls are not allowed． COOKING APPLIANCES Small appliances are acceptable if the heating element is enclosed，such as coffee makers and rice cookers．Anything with an open heating element is not permitted．You are not permitted to bring your own microwaves or fridges into the residence halls．McLoughlin Hall and Madrone apartments are equipped with full-size fridges and microwaves．Shasta and Green springs residents have the option of renting a mini fridge for the year for a reasonable rate． BICYCLES AND MOTORCYCLES There are bicycle stands conveniently located all over campus．Be sure to employ appropriate locks when parking outdoors．No motor vehicles are allowed in the residence halls．Bicycles may not be stored in hallways or any other public hall location，except Shasta and McLoughlin Hall，where bicycles can be stored within each room． NOISE & QUIET HOURS Quiet hours in housing： •Sunday through Thursday from 11 pm to 8 am． •Friday and Saturday from midnight to 10 am． Residents are expected to demonstrate consideration for others at all times．If a neighbor requests a reduction in the noise，whether it is during or outside the quiet hours，respect is expected． 1．What is the intention of the passage? A．To attract more students． B．To introduce SOU's commitment． C．To provide guide to residence life． D．To explain an educational environment． 2．What is allowed if you are a Shasta resident? A．Keeping your bicycle in the room． B．Renting a full-size fridge． C．Using a microwave． D．Storing your motor in the hallway． 3．Which time is proper for a residence get-together? A．7：30 am Sunday．　　　 B．10 pm Friday． C．11：30 pm Tuesday． D．9 am Saturday． B 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·南京市六校联合体联合调研)Queen Elizabeth National Park is a place of outstanding beauty and extreme biodiversity．On a previous underwater assignment with my wife and photographic partner，Jennifer Hayes，we'd documented healthy coral reefs surrounded with fish，sharks，and crocodiles．We knew that time，increased tourism and climate change could make the park different—so 15 years later，we returned to see how it was going． We were photographing some jellyfish．Jennifer，her back to me，was focused on something above her．Out of the corner of my viewfinder，I saw a sizable crocodile coming．As I began to take its photograph，I realized that the crocodile was going to swim directly between Jennifer and me．I started to make loud noises through my regulator and moved towards Jennifer，firing a burst of flash-lit shots to warn her that we had company．She quickly detected my signal and turned to meet our visitor． She gave me a quick thumbs-up，nodded OK，and said “Hello，handsome”as she bent closer to take its photos．I admired her for treating the crocodile with respect，calm curiosity，and absolute joy．She didn't feel threatened．She was familiar with this kind of crocodile in this particular place—and she had a big underwater camera housing that could double as a mighty shield(盾牌)if needed．After a few pictures the crocodile，unimpressed with us，swam downstream on its way to do other crocodile things．We continued our search for jellyfish． There is always risk in our line of work．But this encounter highlighted the good news that we saw all around us here．The crocodile is an indicator animal，a symbol of a healthy ecosystem that can support top predators(捕食性动物)．The easing of travel restrictions is bound to bring more tourists—so it's vital to maintain a balance among ecotourism，exploration，and conservation．That's possible if visitors adopt the same philosophy that we hold towards that curious crocodile．We enter Earth's oceans on their terms，not our own． 4．What was the author's purpose in returning to Queen Elizabeth National Park? A．To enjoy its beauty． B．To assess a document． C．To check its ecosystem． D．To photograph jellyfish． 5．Why did Jennifer feel at ease with the crocodile? A．She met it before． B．She trusted her husband． C．She could protect herself． D．She longed for its company． 6．What is the implied meaning of the underlined part in the last paragraph? A．Explore nature with curiosity． B．Respect nature while exploring it． C．Study nature while developing tourism． D．Protect nature through biological research． 7．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．A Narrow Escape B．A Risky Job C．An Underwater Assignment D．A Chance Meeting C 篇(限时7分钟) (2024·福州市名校调研考试)Should we be thrilled that，for the first time in a century，Australia went more than a week without using any coal to make electricity？While some are welcoming this as a sign that the country is going green，the bigger picture is less encouraging．For one thing，renewables supplied only 23 per cent of electricity during this coal-free period，while 45 per cent came from natural gas．In the past decade，the country has gone from getting a third of its electricity from coal to obtaining more than a third from renewables like onshore wind on average．Australia now gets 11 per cent of its electricity from “renewable”biomass(生物质能燃料)，much of it using imported wood．But forest campaigners say swapping coal for wood isn't truly renewable and is actually doing huge damage to the environment． For another，Australia is off-track when it comes to meeting its long-term targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions(排放)．Producing electricity without burning fossil fuels is relatively easy．But it is much harder to heat homes，to make cement and steel，to grow food and to power cars，ships and planes without producing any greenhouse gases．In view of this，we should handle the energy and climate crises at the same time by finding climate-friendly alternatives to coal． Australia has now stopped the financial aid that drove its renewables revolution．So growth in renewable energy is expected to come to a stop in a decade．The global renewables revolution seems to be following the same trend．The International Energy Agency(IEA) recently announced that the world added 180 gigawatts(吉瓦)of solar，wind，hydropower and bioenergy in 2018，the same as in 2017．But IEA said we must add 300 gigawatts a year to have a chance of limiting global warming to under 2 ℃ by 2100．So we should cheer the end of coal，but continue to worry about how it will be replaced． 8．In the“coal-free week”，what did Australia use most to make electricity? A．Natural gas．　 B．Onshore wind． C．Biomass． D．Wood． 9．What can be inferred about the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in paragraph 2? A．Positive results are tracked． B．Long-term goals are ambitious． C．Additional efforts are required． D．Climate change is unavoidable． 10．What can we learn about renewable energy in paragraph 3? A．It ought to be replaced． B．It will see an adequate increase． C．It starts a revolution in Australia． D．It needs constant financial aid． 11．What is the author's attitude towards the coal-free week? A．Skeptical． B．Optimistic． C．Thrilled． D．Ambiguous． Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟) (2024年1月，九省联考)I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down．My phone was 1 ，too．I managed to get to a gas station，but it was Sunday in the early fall，and there was no 2 on duty．I was working my way through university then and had little money for 3 the car． I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to 4 the heat when an older gentleman 5 to fuel his car．He asked about my car，and I 6 my predicament (困境)．To my 7 ，the gentleman told me that he had a daughter of my age，and then he opened his trunk and 8 a tool set． Right then and there，this total 9 examined my engine，explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn't been changed for so long that they were 10 to function．After about an hour，he 11 that my car was safe to finish the trip． 12 came at the hands of a stranger． 13 his clothes，working on a hot September afternoon，this man 14 a college student from disaster，just because she could have been his 15 ． 1．A．busy　　　 B．loud C．dead D．secure 2．A．mechanic B．policeman C．manager D．guide 3．A．washing B．parking C．purchasing D．maintaining 4．A．feel B．beat C．absorb D．produce 5．A．promised B．refused C．stopped D．volunteered 6．A．solved B．noticed C．escaped D．explained 7．A．surprise B．regret C．amusement D．disappointment 8．A．called up B．pulled out C．put down D．threw away 9．A．liar B．beginner C．stranger D．loser 10．A．free B．ready C．uncertain D．unable 11．A．pronounced B．agreed C．discovered D．doubted 12．A．Tiredness B．Kindness C．Loneliness D．Carefulness 13．A．Folding B．Drying C．Soiling D．Mending 14．A．saved B．called C．judged D．banned 15．A．friend B．daughter C．co-worker D．customer Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟) (2024·北京市房山区期末)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你获悉首都博物馆正在招募暑假期间做英文讲解的志愿者，向外国游客介绍中国文化。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信，内容包括： 1．说明写信原因； 2．介绍你的相关经验和优势； 3．希望能被录用。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir or Madam， Yours sincerely， Li Hua 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(十二) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现这些年人类对南极洲的频繁参观导致煤烟灰污染加重，而这正在加速南极洲的冰雪融化，这引发人们思考：如何保护这块脆弱的大陆免受越来越多想要来参观的人们的影响呢？ 1．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It really makes us question whether our presence is really needed”可推测出，Khan对于去南极洲表示怀疑；再根据后文的“We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica，which is enhancing snow and ice melting．”可知，Khan已经注意到我们已经给南极洲留下了大量的黑炭足迹，这会加速其冰雪融化。故Khan的话既表达了对人们去南极洲的怀疑，也表达了对所产生问题的担心，故选A。] 2．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Soot in Antarctica comes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships..．some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe．”可知，尽管一些污染是通过风从地球其他地区传播过来的，但是南极洲的煤烟灰主要来自游轮、车辆、飞机和发电机的废气。由此可知，南极洲煤烟灰的主要来源是游客使用的交通工具，故选B。] 3．A　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When those mirrors are covered in a film of dark bits..．speeding up melting and contributing to global warming．”可知，当南极洲表面被覆盖了一层煤烟灰之后，冰雪的反射效率就会降低，更多的热量就会被地球吸收，从而导致全球变暖，因此A项“它引起南极洲的表面温度上升”正确，故选A。] 4．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But then when we come to the conclusion like this ..．for example，or limiting the number of visitors each year．”可知，Khan在重新考虑要多久去一次南极洲，由此可推测出，为了保护当地环境，Khan会减少未来去南极洲的次数，故选D。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了运动后为什么要拉伸以及拉伸的好处。 1．F　[空前讲到了拉伸的好处。根据第二段和第三段的首句可知，空处承上启下，应该会讲到运动后不拉伸的坏处。故选F项“如果你运动后不做伸展运动，就会产生有害的副作用”。] 2．E　[根据空前的“it's just as important ...workout is over”可知，E项“这在健身界也被称为‘降温’”符合语境，且E项中的“This”指代“get your heart rate back to a normal level after the workout is over”。] 3．B　[空前提出一个问题：有没有方法可以帮助身体摆脱乳酸。接下来应该回答这个问题并呼应主题，故B项“你猜对了：拉伸”对空前的提问进行了回答。] 4．A　[根据第二段和第三段的首句可知，空处应与前两段在逻辑上保持一致，也应该讲不做拉伸的负面作用，再结合空后的“injury risk”可知，A项“你将会有受伤的危险”符合语境。] 5．G　[根据空前两句内容可知，灵活性差会导致你的肌肉更快疲劳，关节更易损伤。除此之外，运动范围的缩小会导致关节的血液和营养供应减少。G项“那就是人们的负重关节(如膝盖和髋关节)经常感到疼痛的原因”符合语境。] Ⅲ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，鲨鱼吃人是因为它们把人误认作海豹。 1．a　[考查冠词。句意：一个人被鲨鱼杀死的概率只有三百七十万分之一，但这种恐惧仍然足以让游泳者担心被其视为猎物。shark是可数名词，结合句意可知，此处表泛指，前面要用不定冠词修饰，且shark的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。] 2．being　[考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。about是介词，其后跟动词­ing形式作宾语。故填being。] 3．which　[考查定语从句。句意：现在，新的研究支持了一个存在已久的理论，该理论解释说，大白鲨咬人是 “认错身份”的情况。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为theory，指物，设空处应用关系代词which。故填which。] 4．compared　[考查时态。句意：一组生物学家比较了海豹和人类游泳的视频。设空处作谓语，且句子描述过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填compared。] 5．of　[考查介词。句意：然后，他们对这些片段进行编辑，模拟大白鲨的视角，发现从海洋生物的角度来看，人类确实与海豹非常相似。from one's point of view是固定短语，意为“从某人的角度看”。故填of。] 6．are regarded　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，大白鲨被视为“愚蠢的杀手”和“喜欢吃人肉”。regard和great white sharks之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语great white sharks是复数。故填are regarded。] 7．their　[考查代词。句意：……我们只是看起来像它们的食物……根据语境可知，此处修饰名词food表示 “它们的”，故用形容词性物主代词。故填their。] 8．extremely　[考查词性转换。句意：迈阿密大学的一位海洋科学家凯瑟琳·麦克唐纳说：“它们每天吃海豹，咬人的情况极为罕见。”设空处修饰形容词rare应用副词extremely。故填extremely。] 9．To hit　[考查非谓语动词。句意：为了击中正确的目标，鲨鱼可以依靠其他感官，比如气味。根据语境可知，设空处用不定式表目的，位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填To hit。] 10．additional　[考查词性转换。句意：如果是这样的话，关于大白鲨如何使用这些感官的进一步研究可能有助于防止更多的攻击。设空处作定语，修饰名词studies应用形容词additional。故填additional。] Ⅳ．【参考范文】 Just then Melvin walked slowly into the restaurant．Waiting customers smiled and cleared the way for him．A few shook his hand．Others patted his shoulder as he moved quietly from table to table，smiling and asking，“Do you need a broom today？”Several frequenters bought from him and rose to pile their new brooms near the doorway．He gestured toward his brooms by the door，“I'm grateful for what you did for me．” At the scene，I was deeply touched by this man and his story．I ordered him a breakfast and asked him to sit next to me． We chatted over the breakfast．From our interactions，I learned that he always chose the path of gratitude and service，even though there was much he could have complained about，not like the rest of us ...well，at least me，who complained just because we had to go shopping in the rain．He also shared that he was earning nearly enough to fund another orphan through college and that he was doing his bit to make the world better．He really made me feel humbled，and it was then that I decided to be intentionally positive and become a better person． 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(十二) 必修第二册　UNIT 6　THE ADMIRABLE Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟) (2024·湖北省六校期中)Soot (煤烟灰) pollution is speeding up climate-driven melting in Antarctica，a new study suggests，raising questions about how to protect the delicate continent from the increasing number of humans who want to visit． “It really makes us question whether our presence is really needed，”says Alia Khan，one of the authors of the new study．“We have quite a large black carbon footprint in Antarctica，which is enhancing snow and ice melting．” Black carbon is the leftover thing from burning plants or fossil fuels．Soot in Antarctica comes primarily from waste gases of cruise ships (游轮)，vehicles，airplanes and electrical generators，although some pollution travels on the wind from other parts of the globe．The dark particles (微粒) coat white snow and absorb heat from the sun the way a black T-shirt does on a warm day．The blanket of dark bits speeds up melting that is already happening more quickly because of global warming．When snow and ice are uncovered，they reflect an enormous amount of sunlight before it can turn into heat． “These are the mirrors on our planet，”says Sonia Nagorski，a scientist at the University of Alaska Southeast．“When those mirrors are covered in a film of dark bits，they are less reflective．That means more heat is trapped on Earth，speeding up melting and contributing to global warming．” As a scientist who personally visits Antarctica every year，Khan says she is troubled by her own research results．On the one hand，she goes to Antarctica to collect crucial data about how quickly the snow and ice there are disappearing．“But then when we come to the conclusion like this it really does make us think twice about how frequently we need to visit the continent，”she says，“and what kind of regulation should be placed on tourism as well．”That could mean requiring that cruise ships and vehicles be electric，for example，or limiting the number of visitors each year． 1．What are the feelings expressed in Khan's words in paragraph 2? A．Doubt and concern． B．Confidence and courage． C．Anger and disappointment． D．Optimism and certainty． 2．Which of the following is a major source of soot in Antarctica? A．Burnt plants． B．Tourist vehicles． C．Black carbon elsewhere． D．Fossil fuels underneath Antarctica． 3．What does Nagorski say about soot? A．It causes Antarctic surface temperature to rise． B．It is increasing in amount because of wind． C．It reflects a large volume of sunlight． D．It is like a big mirror on Earth． 4．What might Khan do in the future? A．Help design scientific research regulations． B．Use electric cars for her daily transportation． C．Collect more data about Antarctica． D．Reduce her visits to Antarctica． Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟) (2024·广东省六校联考)Science shows that stretching(伸展) is essential after exercise．Stretching lengthens and mobilizes the connective tissue around your muscles．What's more，stretching helps your blood flow and even relieves your stress． 1 You could feel sick．You won't be surprised to know that when you exercise，you raise your heart rate for a period of time．While it's great to get that blood flowing，it's just as important to get your heart rate back to a normal level after the workout is over． 2 As your heart is beating faster and your body temperature is higher，you could pass out or feel sick if you stop too fast．Stretching after physical activity allows a gradual decrease at the end of the episode． Your muscles will likely become stiffer and more sore．When you exercise your muscles，it produces lactic acid(乳酸)，which is actually what causes your muscles to become sore．When you rest between periods of exercise，your body naturally breaks down that lactic acid．Is there one thing that helps your body get rid of that lactic acid？ 3 Stretching helps you distribute oxygen throughout your body，which can reduce lactic acid production and rid your muscles of any accumulation of lactic acid． 4 Flexibility is closely related to injury risk．Poor flexibility will cause you to have muscles that get tired more quickly and joints that are more likely to suffer from injury．Besides，your weakened range of motion will lead to less blood and nutrients to your joints． 5 Sticking to stretching after physical activity can hopefully improve your flexibility． A．You'll be at risk of injury． B．You guessed it：stretching． C．You'll improve your flexibility by stretching． D．It does wonders for both your physical and mental health． E．This is also known in the fitness world as “cooling down”． F．There are harmful side effects if you don't stretch after exercise． G．That's why people often feel pain in their weight-bearing joints like knees and hips． Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟) (2024·湖南省名校联合体联考)There's just a 1-in-3，700，000 chance that a person will be killed by 1． shark，but the fear is still enough to have swimmers worrying about 2． (be) seen as prey (猎物)．Now，new research supports the long-standing theory，3． explains that it's a case of “mistaken identity”when great whites go in for a bite． A team of biologists 4． (compare) videos of seals swimming with those of humans swimming．They then edited the clips to simulate a great white's vision and found that from the ocean inhabitant's point 5． view，humans do indeed bear a strong resemblance to seals． “Usually，great white sharks 6． (regard) as ‘mindless killers’ and ‘fond of human flesh’．However，this does not seem to be the case; we just look like 7． (they) food，”Laura Ryan，lead author of the study，told Live Science． “They eat seals every day and bites on people are 8． (extreme) rare，”said Catherine Macdonald，a marine scientist at the University of Miami．“So if they're not solving the problem visually，then how do we think they're solving it? 9． (hit) the right targets，sharks could be relying on other senses，like the scent．If that's the case，10． (addition) studies on how great whites use those senses could help prevent further attacks．” Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·潍坊市模拟)On Black Friday，the busiest shopping day of the year，I went for breakfast in downtown Little Rock． Even at 8 am there was a waiting line at the cafe．Customers stood in groups，chatting and rubbing their cold hands together，waiting to share a hot breakfast and more conversation before pouring into the stores for bargains．I could feel the cheery excitement of the holidays，but it was tied with the usual stress that spoilt the season with layers of anxiety and tiredness． Finally，I was seated by a large window．I noticed that it had begun to rain lightly outside．“Oh，no，”I complained．“I'm going to be dashing around in the rain．Shopping will be messy today！”I heard others complaining，too． Then，out of the corner of my eye，I noticed an elderly man on the other side of the window，making his way carefully down the sidewalk．He was carrying a black umbrella in his left hand，sheltering himself from the rain，and balancing several brooms (扫帚) on his right shoulder．Beneath a thin gray coat，he was dressed in brown pants．A striped ski cap protected his head and thick glasses covered his eyes．As I watched，he smiled and stepped politely aside to allow a couple to rush by． “Who's that？”I asked the waitress． “That's Melvin．He's been walking these streets for years and years．I've heard he put several orphans through college by selling those brooms．He's almost blind and in his seventies，but he keeps on working．I don't know how he does it．Everybody buys brooms from him．He lives a poor life but he is a wonderful person．People here have always been good to him．” Suddenly I was curious．This dear man could hardly see．Selling brooms on the streets could not earn good money．Melvin was the one who needed help！“So how does he help people？”I asked frankly． 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Just then Melvin walked slowly into the restaurant． We chatted over the breakfast． 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$