17 第一部分 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 8 LITERATURE-【名师导航】2025年高考英语一轮总复习讲义（北师大版）

LITERATURE 续写语料积累 背诵·句之美 欣赏·语之秀 1．(心理描写)(2024·镇江市模拟)Exhausted as she was，Bales felt a wave of happiness welled up inside． 2．(神态描写)(2024·梅州市质量检测)With anger written all on his face，he pushed his mum hard out of the hall． 3．(背景描写)(2024·南京市六校联合调研)One long-ago morning，the hot summer sun climbed to the top of the sky． (2024·重庆巴蜀中学模拟)Sweat pouring down my face and my backpack threatening to pull me to the ground，I stopped constantly to gasp for breath and throw up quite a bit—until we reached the high altitude tea house where we'd be staying the night． 核心单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．___________ adj．使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的 2．__________ adj．主观的；主语的 3．____ vi．溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒 4．______ vt．呈送，提交，呈递 5．______ prep．& adv．在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车) 6．_________ n．不信，怀疑 7．_____ n．挥动；打扫 vt．&vi．扫，打扫 8．______ vi．& vt．徘徊，闲逛；漫步于 9．_____ vt．(去)请来；(去)拿来；(去)找来 10．____ vi．& vt．下沉，沉没 11．_____ n．搁板，架子 12．________ adj．激动人心的；给人深刻印象的；巨大而突然的；表演的，戏剧的 1．An essay not _________ (submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late． 2．I helped him put up some________ (shelf) in his bedroom． 3．The inhabitants have to walk a mile ________ (fetch) water． 4．She _______ (slip) away just now without him being aware of it． 5．My heart ____ (sink) when I saw how much work there was left． 6．He moves the phone away from his face in a combination of _________ (belief) and disgust． 派生单词 语境运用(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．adventure n．历险，奇遇→___________ adj．勇于冒险的；惊险的 2．absorb v．吸引；吸收→_________ adj．十分吸引人的，引人入胜的→________ adj．全神贯注的；专心致志的 3．register vt．登记；注册→____________ n．登记，注册 4．freeze v．(使)冻结，结冰；严寒→________ adj．严寒的，极冷的→______ adj．(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的 5．desperate adj．绝望的；拼命的→___________ adv．绝望地，拼命地，不顾一切地；非常，极其→__________ n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切 6．evident adj．明显的→_________ adv．明显地，显然→________ n．证据，证明；迹象 7．construct vt．建设；建造→____________ n．建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑 8．contradict vt．&vi．反驳；相矛盾；相抵触→_____________ adj．矛盾的；抵触的→_____________ n．矛盾；不一致；反驳 9．continue v．延续，继续→__________ adj．持续的，不间断的，连续的→____________ n．延续，继续部分 10．preserve vt．保存；保护 n．保护区；禁猎地→____________ n．维护；保护；保持，维持；保存 1．The book was so _________ that he was ________ in it and didn't notice me come in．(absorb) 2．I will ________ at the training centre in a minute because ____________ will be closed very soon．(register) 3．In the ________ weather，it is not necessary to put the ______ meat in the fridge．(freeze) 4．_________，the new ________ will strengthen their case．(evident) 5．The film centres around some __________ of its handsome hero，Mike，who is an ___________ tourist from Canada．(adventure) 6．It really was ___________ unfortunate that this should have happened to her just now．In ___________，she called Louise and asked for her help．(desperate) 7．Our new teaching building is under ____________ over there，behind which our school plans to _________ a library next year．(construct) 8．The advice I received was often _____________ and I often don't know how to deal with the ______．(contradict) 9．It is a ______________ of culture _________，keeping some customs in that area．(continue) 高频短语 语境运用(选用左栏中短语的适当形式填空) 1．__________________ 视……为理所当然(而对其不重视) 2．________ 寻找 3．___________________试图做某事 4．___________ 对……厌烦/厌倦 5．________ 盯着看 6．_________________ 下定决心 7．_______________渴望做某事 8．__________________ 第一次 9．________ 落下 10．______________ 湿透 11．_________ 悄悄溜走 12．_______ 继续； 握住不放，不挂断电话，等一下；坚持住 13．______________ 绝望地 14．_________ 轻易地；毫不费力地 1．In fact，we are so used to them that we may even ____ them ___________ without realising how much inspiration they have given us． 2．If a student lacks the motivation to study，he or she will quickly ___________ studying． 3．She went on crying，and cried and cried until the pillow _______________． 4．He was ______________ when he found all his belongings missing． 5．Their help enabled me to finish the work _________． 6．All I can do is to tell her to _______，and that there's light at the end of the tunnel． 7．She was silent for a while，lost in thought，__________ the books littering the room． 8．He ________________ to join the army after graduation in 2023． 原句结构辨识 写作佳句背诵 1．though引导的部分倒装 The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates． 尽管他是个孩子，但当收获玉米时，他尽了自己的一份力。 ___________________，he did his part when the corn was harvested．(续写之情节描写) 2．否定词置于句首时的部分倒装 I couldn't say where I was，nor could I imagine． 他长大后不想住在乡下，也不想住在城里。 He doesn't want to live in the country when he grows up，________ he want to live in the city．(续写之心理描写) 1．absorbing adj．十分吸引人的，引人入胜的 ①Many small shops have been absorbed ____ big businesses due to the strike of the global financial crisis． ②The romance in the fiction was so _________ (absorb) and touching that I was moved to tears． ③The famous composer's music works absorb a lot ____ Chinese folk music． 汤姆全神贯注地工作，没有意识到天快黑了。 ____________________，Tom didn't realize it was getting dark． ◎absorb v．吸收(液体、气体等)；吸引全部注意力；使全神贯注；使并入，吞并；理解 ◎absorb one's attention吸引某人的注意 ◎absorb...into...使……并入…… ◎absorb...from...从……吸收…… ◎absorbed adj．全神贯注的；专心致志的 ◎be absorbed in全神贯注于 ◎an absorbing book一本引人入胜的书 ◎become so deeply absorbed in an activity 如此专注于一项活动 2．submit [课本义] vt．呈送，提交，呈递 [增补义]vt．&vi．顺从；屈服；投降 ①Submit your application __ the personnel department． ②She decided to resign from the company rather than submit herself __ the new rules． ③He is not the kind of child who is likely to be cowed into __________ (submit)． 对夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日前提交申请和相关材料。 Those who are interested in the summer camp _______________________________． ◎submit...to...把……提交给……；向……提出…… ◎submit to服从于/屈服于…… ◎submit oneself to使某人服从于/屈服于 ◎submission n．呈递，提交；屈服，投降 ◎submit an application as early as possible 尽早提交申请表 ◎refuse to submit to difficulties面对困难，拒不低头 ◎the final date for the submission of proposals 呈交提案的最后日期 3．frozen adj．(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的 ①These ______ (freeze) foods are the most convenient of all． ②The temperatures remained below ________ (freeze) point throughout the day． 听到这个消息，他的笑容凝固了，难以置信地摇头。 Hearing the news，_______________，shaking his head in disbelief． ◎freeze vt．(使)结冰；(使)冻住；惊呆；吓呆 ◎freeze (sb．/sth．) to death (把某人/物)冻死 ◎freezing adj．冰冷的；极冷的 ◎below/above freezing point冰点以下/上 ◎the freezing point冰点 ◎wear a frozen smile on one's face面带冰冷的微笑 ◎be frozen to death冻死 4．sweep [课本义]n．挥动；打扫 vt．&vi．扫，打扫　[增补义]vt．&vi．猛烈吹过；突然袭来；扫视；迅速传播 ①When spring comes，we usually sweep ___________ all the dirt from our garage． ②A wave of tiredness swept ____ her． 首先，我们打扫房子，扫除厄运，然后我们把门窗漆成红色。 First，we clean our house and ___________________，and then we paint doors and windows red． ◎sweep away席卷；冲走；消除；扫荡一空 ◎sweep out清除，扫掉 ◎sweep up 打扫，清扫 ◎sweep over 突然袭来 ◎sweep away the dead leaves in the yard打扫庭院里的落叶 ◎cold winds sweep over the barren，treeless plains寒风掠过贫瘠无树的荒原 5．desperation n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切 ①Frustration，anger and ___________ (desperate) have led to a series of wildcat strikes． ②Judging from what he has said，we can conclude that the scholar is desperate ___ fame． ③After sailing on the sea for two years，the seaman was desperate _________ (return) home． ④My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway．I ran ___________ (desperate) but failed to catch up． 在绝望中，这位老太太卖掉了她的戒指以获得一些饭钱。 ______________，the old woman sold her ring to get some money for food． ◎in desperation绝望地 ◎desperate adj．拼命的；绝望的 ◎be desperate to do...急切地想要做…… ◎be desperate for...渴望得到…… ◎in desperate need of极其需要 ◎desperately adv．绝望地，拼命地，不顾一切地；非常，极其 ◎make desperate efforts to do...拼命努力地做…… ◎a note of desperation in his voice听他的语气他急得要命 ◎fall into desperation on hearing the bad news 一听到这个不好的消息，便陷入了绝望 6．ease [课本义]n．轻易，毫不费劲 [增补义]n．舒适，悠闲 vt．减轻(痛苦、忧虑) ①The ease ____ which she learns language is astonishing． ②Retailers are creating shopping spaces meant to put customers __ ease． ③The new laws are intended _______(ease) the burden of social welfare costs． ④Please sit and take ____ (you) ease while enjoying a cup of coffee． 悠着些，因为前面的路会很长。 ______________，for the journey ahead will be long． ◎with ease容易地；不费力地 ◎at ease舒适，自由自在 ◎put/set sb．at ease使某人放松/自在 ◎take one's ease休息，使安心，放松 ◎ease sb．of...使某人消除/减轻…… ◎ease one's mind使某人安心 ◎they sprawling at ease across the sofa他们惬意地躺在沙发上 ◎pass the exam with ease轻而易举地通过了考试 7．strike [课本义]vi．& vt．打，击，撞；突然发生不幸 n．罢工；打击 [增补义]vi．& vt．划(火柴等)；突然想到；给(某人以……)印象；敲；鸣；报时 n．袭击 ①___struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team． ②He was struck __________ the artists' total absorption in their work． ③Last year this area __________ (strike) by floods and many people lost their lives． 露西被这美丽的景色所打动。 Lucy _________________________________of the scene． ◎strike sb．on/in＋the＋身体部位　击打某人某部位 ◎be struck by/on/with...被……打动；迷恋…… ◎It strikes sb．that...某人突然想起…… ◎be on strike在罢工 ◎go on strike举行罢工 ◎strike while the iron is hot趁热打铁 ◎strike her head against the side of the boat 她的头撞在船舷上 8．aboard prep．& adv．在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车) ①The hurricane was so strong that all the seamen ______ the ship fell into the sea． ②He checked their names as they went _______the plane． ③The passengers __ board are enjoying the picturesque scenery in the bay． 看到女儿登上开往远方城市的火车，我泪流满面。 _____________________________________ to a distant city，I burst into tears． ◎go aboard a ship(plane，train etc．)上船(飞机、火车等) ◎aboard the train/plane/ship在火车/飞机/船上 ◎board v．登上(船、火车、飞机等) ◎board a ship/plane/train登上船/飞机/火车 ◎on board在(船、火车、飞机等)上 ◎a small boat with no one on board一条没人的小船 ◎cars waiting to board the ship等候上船的汽车 9．make up one's mind 下定决心 ①Picasso made up his mind __________ (express) himself in his own way． ②We must bear __ mind what the coach tells us． ③In those days he could never fix his mind ___any subject． 你为什么不开心，吉姆？我能读懂你的心思。 Why are you unhappy，Jim? ____________________． ◎keep/bear...in mind记住 ◎come to (one's) mind突然记起或想到 ◎go/be out of one's mind发疯，发狂 ◎fix one's mind on把注意力集中于 ◎put one's mind to全神贯注于；专注于 ◎read one's mind看出某人的心思 ◎make up one's mind to quit smoking下定决心戒烟 ◎make up one's mind to study hard下定决心努力学习 10．take...for granted视 ……为理所当然(而对其不重视) ①Friends play an important part in our lives，although we may take friendship____ granted． ②I know you're not feeling well，so try to take ___easy today． 你不应该想当然地认为你能完美地完成这项工作。要认真对待，做好充分的准备。 You should not _________________ you can do the work perfectly．___________ and make enough preparations． ◎take it easy＝take things easy轻松；不紧张；从容 ◎take it seriously认真对待；当真 ◎take one's time 别着急；慢慢来 ◎not really to take it seriously不认真地对待它 ◎take having an endless supply of clean water for granted想当然地认为洁净水的供应无穷无尽而不予以珍惜 11．hold on 继续； 握住不放，不挂断电话，等一下；坚持住 ①She kept trying to hold ____ her tears． ②We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold ___． ③We were held __ for nearly an hour on our way by the traffic accident． 当我觉得自己无法继续努力的时候，你帮我坚持住了。 __________________________ at times when I didn't think I could even go on trying． ◎hold up举起；使耽搁，延迟 ◎hold back阻挡；阻拦；隐瞒；控制(感情等) ◎hold down压制；限制；保住(工作或位置) ◎hold out(在困境中)坚持；伸出手；提供；维持；抵抗 ◎hold on to the last坚持到最后 ◎be able to hold down a full-time job能够保住一份全职工作 12．[教材原句] I couldn't say where I was，nor could I imagine．我说不出自己身在何处，也无法想象。 ①Hardly ___ (have) he arrived home when it began to rain． ②Enviable _________ the cool kids may have seemed，Dr．Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences． ③Neither was the price satisfactory，____did the color agree with me． ①(普通表达)I will never forget the accident that happened in my own childhood，which left a deep impression on me． (高级表达)__________________________________________，which left a deep impression on me． ②(普通表达)She attaches great importance to reading．She spares at least 20 minutes every day to read． (高级表达)___________________________ ____________ at least 20 minutes every day to read．(用not only...but also...合并升级为倒装句) ◎never，seldom，rarely，little，hardly等表否定意义的词位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。 ◎only＋状语位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。 ◎not only...but also...连接并列复合句且not only位于句首时，not only部分用部分倒装。 ◎Hardly/Scarcely...when，No sooner...than，Not until...位于句首时用部分倒装。 ◎so...that.../such...that...句式中的“so＋形容词/副词”或“such＋名词”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。 ◎表示“也(不)……”时，“so/neither/nor＋助动词/情态动词/be＋主语”用部分倒装。 ◎as/though引导的让步状语从句用部分倒装。 We ask others not to judge people by their appearances in life，of course，nor can we do that ourselves．我们要求别人在生活中不要以貌取人，当然我们自己也不能那样做。 Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．The snow had melted，but the lake was still ______ (freeze) solid． 2．Their houses __________ (sweep) away by the flood，so they had to build new ones． 3．He fell，________ (strike) his head on the edge of the table． 4．The young man is desperate ______(get) a master's degree in order to get promoted in the company． 5．This assistant persuaded all the passengers ______(board) the bus to fasten their safety belts． 6．For a while he just absorbed _______(he)in short-term projects． 7．The plan will ____________ (submit) to the committee for official approval． 8．I wanted to tell him the truth，but something ____ (hold) me back． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．High _________ his salary was，he was quite thrifty and only spent money on necessities． 2．Hearing his son had adjusted to school life，the father finally felt __ ease． 3．Altogether，you shouldn't take it ___ granted that you are sure to be employed because you look intelligent． 4．Good appearance can't guarantee you a decent salary，nor ___ a bachelor's degree． 5．You should submit your application form __ the office as soon as possible． Ⅰ．用所给词的正确形式填空。 1．A warm and ___________ (stimulate) atmosphere allows children to grow and develop safely． 2．____________(register) for the course will take place a week before the start of the term． 3．The burning plastic gives off _________ (poison) gas，which is harmful to our health． 4．______(drive)by a greater demand for vegetables，farmers have built more greenhouses． 5．A huge cloud of dense smoke _________ (stretch) across the horizon that day． 6．His quality of life has improved ____________ (dramatic) since the operation． 7．The ball _______ (bounce) twice before he could reach it． 8．Be careful when crossing the bridge or you may get _______ (drown)． Ⅱ．在空白处填入一个适当的词。 1．He took to walking long distances___ an attempt to physically exhaust himself． 2．Detectives are hunting ___ thieves who broke into a warehouse yesterday． 3．Even the great speaker sometimes will be in panic and slip ____ a bathroom for practice before making a speech． 4．You may depend on __ that all the goods will be shipped abroad in time． 5．We were amazed，shocked，dumbfounded，shaking our heads __ disbelief． Ⅰ．熟词生义(选出黑体词在句中的汉语意思) 1．(2022·全国乙卷)The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing． _ A．清扫 B．绵延弯曲的地带 C．席卷 2．(2021·全国乙卷)The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander，without making it impossible to focus． _ A．徘徊 B．走神；(思想)开小差 C．走失 3．(2020·北京卷)But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described． _ A．撞击　 B．击打　 C．猛然意识到 4．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)You don't need to apologize for a minor slip． _ A．滑倒 B．差错 C．溜走 5．(2017·天津卷)Take filling up the kitchen sink as an example． _ A．洗碗池 B．降低 C．下沉 Ⅱ．长难语句(分析句子的结构并将句子翻译成汉语) 1．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors，those errors aren't always the same． 本句是复合句，句子主干是This effect capitalizes on the fact。句中同位语从句“that when people make errors，those errors aren't always the same”作____的同位语，对其进行解释说明，该从句本身又是___。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ 2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here． 本句是复合句，句子主干是We are looking forward to the benefits and fun。the project can bring to people here为省略了关系代词__________的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词________________。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ 3．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)A ground-breaking，five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages． 本句是复合句，句子主干是A study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds。that are now found in half the world's languages是____。 [尝试翻译]__________________________________________________________ The crash was violent and I had no idea how I fell from the boat．I swam towards the boat in 1．___________(desperate)．Suddenly，I 2．_________ (draw) up to the surface of the sea．It was Conseil 3．________ told me to hold onto his shoulder to swim 4．____ ease．Near one o'clock，I felt 5．________(terrible) tired and asked Conseil to leave me．As Conseil shouted for help，I thought a terrible animal came．I sank and 6．______(strike) onto a hard body． I was brought to the surface 7．___ unconscious．I soon woke up and I recognised Ned．He told me he was 8．_________(fortune)to find safety upon that large whale．But he found the creature was made of steel，which was smooth，9．________(polish)，nothing like an animal．When the daybreak appeared，a man appeared and then eight strong men，with their faces 10．_______(cover)，drew us down into their incredible machine． Step 1．要点提示(利用本单元知识补全所给英文句子) ①简和疾病已经斗争了两年，为此遭了不少罪。 Jane had _________________ the disease for two years，from which she suffered a lot． ②她无意中听到爸爸和医生之间的对话后，她内心充满了绝望。 After she overheard the talk between her father and the doctor，she ______________ desperation． ③她盯着病房的天花板，什么也不说。 She _________ the ceiling of the ward，saying nothing． ④妈妈告诉她要坚持，不要放弃。 Her mother told her __________ and never to give up． ⑤妈妈告诉她，他们会筹集足够的资金到大城市寻找更好的大夫，这让简充满了希望。 Her mother told her they would collect enough money ___________ a better doctor in big cities，which made Jane full of hope． ⑥听到妈妈的话，简下定决心配合治疗。 Hearing what Mom had said，Jane ________________ to coordinate the treatment． Step 2．衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 1．储备词汇(记牢本单元可用于描写的词汇) 情感描写 stimulating；absorbing；glee；desperation；forgive；blank 动作描写 stare；scan；slip；fetch；sweep；wander；glance；toss；sink；grab；strike；bounce 环境描写 icy；frozen；breeze；sparkling；fence Step 2．续写练笔(完成下面的续写片段并背诵) 昨天我读了一本令人兴奋的小说。故事情节太引人入胜了，以至于我忘了为英语考试复习功课。今天早上，当我看到试卷时，我的大脑一片空白。我绝望地浏览了一遍那张试卷，却没有发现我熟悉的任何问题。老师在桌子之间的通道里徘徊。为了答案，我扫了一眼托尼的试卷，但没有成功。然后我做了一个纸球，扔给了他。它击中了他的头，然后弹了起来。突然，一只手抓住了它。我的心一沉。老师已经盯着我看了一会儿了。作为惩罚，我不得不去清扫冰冷的院子，片片雪花落在我的头上。 Yesterday _________________．The plot _________________that I forgot to go over my lessons for the English examination．This morning，when I saw the test paper，_______________．____________________，only to find none of the problems was familiar to me．The teacher __________________between desks．_________________ for answers，but in vain．Then I made a paper ball and_____________ him．_________________．Suddenly ___________．____________．The teacher_______________．As a punishment，_________． 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 8 语基自主检测·目标确立 核心单词 1．stimulating　2．subjective　3．slip　4．submit　5．aboard　6．disbelief　7．sweep　8．wander　9．fetch　10．sink　11．shelf　12．dramatic 语境运用 1．submitted　2．shelves　3．to fetch　4．slipped　5．sank　6．disbelief 派生单词 1．adventurous　2．absorbing；absorbed　3．registration　4．freezing；frozen　5．desperately；desperation　6．evidently；evidence　7．construction　8．contradictory；contradiction　9．continuous；continuation　10．preservation 语境运用 1．absorbing；absorbed　2．register；registration　3．freezing；frozen　4．Evidently；evidence　5．adventures；adventurous　6．desperately；desperation　7．construction；construct　8．contradictory；contradiction　9．continuation；to continue 高频短语 1．take...for granted　2．hunt for　3．in an attempt to do sth．4．be tired of　5．stare at　6．make up one's mind　7．long to do sth．8．for the first time　9．drop off　10．be wet through　11．slip away　12．hold on　13．in desperation　14．with ease 语境运用 1．take；for granted　2．be tired of　3．was wet through　4．in desperation　5．with ease　6．hold on　7．staring at　8．made up his mind 写作佳句背诵 1．Child though he was　2．nor does 考点归纳探究·精准讲练 1．①into　②absorbing　③from [完美写作]Absorbed in his work 2．①to　②to　③submission [完美写作]must submit the applications and relevant materials by May 15 3．①frozen　②freezing [完美写作]his smile froze 4．①out/away/up　②over [完美写作]sweep away bad luck 5．①desperation　②for　③to return　④desperately [完美写作]In desperation 6．①with　②at　③to ease　④your [完美写作]Take your ease 7．①It 　②by/on/with　③was struck [完美写作]was struck by/on/with the beauty 8．①aboard　②aboard　③on [完美写作]Seeing my daughter boarding the train 9．①to express　②in　③on [完美写作]I can read your mind 10．①for　②it [完美写作]take it for granted that；Take it seriously 11．①back　②out　③up [完美写作]You helped me (to) hold on 12．①had　②as/though　③nor [完美写作]①Never will I forget the accident that happened in my own childhood　②Not only does she attach great importance to reading，but she also spares 三层强基固本·达标训练 层级一 Ⅰ．1．frozen　2．were swept　3．striking　4．to get　5．aboard 6．himself　7．be submitted　8．held Ⅱ．1．though/as　2．at　3．for　4．can　5．to 层级二 Ⅰ．1．stimulating　2．Registration　3．poisonous　4．Driven　5．stretched　6．dramatically　7．bounced　8．drowned Ⅱ．1．in　2．for　3．into　4．it　5．in 层级三 Ⅰ．1．B　2．B　3．C　4．B　5．A Ⅱ．1．化繁为简：fact；复合句 尝试翻译：这种效应利用了这样一个事实： 当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。 2．化繁为简：that/which；benefits and fun 尝试翻译：我们期待着这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣。 3．化繁为简：定语从句 尝试翻译：一项为期五年的突破性研究表明，在与饮食有关的人类咬合上的变化产生了新的现在世界上一半的语言中都有的语音。 三维提能培优·进阶训练 维度一 1．desperation　2．was drawn　3．who/that　4．with　5．terribly　6．struck　7．but　8．fortunate　9．polished　10．covered 维度二 Step 1． ①struggled against　②filled up with　③stared at　④to hold on　⑤to hunt for　⑥made up her mind Step 2． Jane had struggled against the disease for two years，from which she suffered a lot．Just now，after she overheard the talk between her father and the doctor，she filled up with desperation．She stared at the ceiling of the ward，saying nothing．Her mother told her to hold on and never to give up．In addition，her mother told her they would collect enough money to hunt for a better doctor in big cities，which made Jane full of hope．Hearing what Mom had said，Jane made up her mind to coordinate the treatment． 维度三 Step 2． I read a stimulating fiction；was so absorbing；my mind went blank；I scanned the paper in desperation；was wandering through the passages；I glanced at Tony's paper；tossed it to；It struck him on the head and bounced off；a hand grabbed it；My heart sank; had been staring at me for a while；I had to sweep the icy yard with the flakes of snow falling upon my head $$ 课时分层作业(二十六) Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。2018年“游戏成瘾”这一术语正式得到世界卫生组织的认可。游戏真的令人上瘾吗？不同的人有不同的看法。在现实生活中游戏行业应该认识到游戏成瘾已经是一个问题，而且是一个日益严重的问题。 1．D　[推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，“游戏成瘾”得到世界卫生组织的承认；中国——世界上最大的游戏市场——宣布了新的规定：限制孩子每天只玩一个小时的游戏。承诺治疗游戏成瘾患者的诊所出现在世界各地。接着第二段首句提出问题：游戏真的令人上瘾吗？由此可推知，第一段是为了展示公众对游戏问题日益增长的担忧。故选D项。] 2．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Psychologists have different opinions ...even novels．”可知，心理学家有不同的观点，他们认为这是另一场道德恐慌。曾经也有人对电视节目、摇滚乐、爵士乐、连环漫画杂志、甚至小说都发出了类似的警告。由此可以推知，文章在第二段中提到电视和其他媒体形式是为了证明心理学家的观点，即对游戏的恐慌也会逐渐消失。故选A项。] 3．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...games makers combine psychological theory and data，which helps them maximize the playtime ...That allows products to be constantly adjusted to increase spending on games．”可知，游戏开发者将心理学理论和数据结合起来，这有助于他们将游戏时间最大化。智能手机和现代电子游戏机使用它们的永久互联网连接将游戏可玩性数据传回给开发者，这使得产品能够不断得到调整以增加游戏支出。由此可知，游戏开发者根据接收到的数据调整产品以使人们对游戏上瘾。故选B项。] 4．C　[写作意图题。最后一段讲到游戏行业应该意识到，在现实世界中，游戏成瘾是已经存在的一个问题，而且这个问题正在加剧。而且如果公众将游戏与赌博联系在一起，这肯定不会给这个行业带来任何好处。由此可推知，作者在最后一段旨在发出警告。故选C项。] Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。人们在社交媒体上往往只展示生活中精彩的部分，让我们错误地认为别人的生活优于我们自己的生活，进而转化为一种强烈的嫉妒感，削弱了我们的自尊。我们可以通过适当的改变摆脱社交媒体对我们造成的负面影响。 1．A　[空前提到你是否感到生活离你而去，特别是当你浏览社交媒体网站，发现朋友们做的所有令人兴奋的事情时，且你经常对此感到沮丧。由此可知，A项“如果是这样，你不是个例”承上启下，符合语境。] 2．D　[根据上文中的“While feelings of envy ...fuel to the fire．”并结合下文内容可知，空处承接上一句，应该会发出疑问“社交媒体怎么会起到火上浇油的效果呢？”，故D项“它们为什么会有这样的刺激作用呢？”符合语境。] 3．G　[空前一句讲到了“Consider your own social media posts．”，结合下文内容可知，空处承接上一句，应该会讲到我们自己在社交媒体上展示生活时也会隐藏一部分不好的事实，只选择展示生活中最精彩的部分，故G项“你有没有选择过能让别人对你的生活得出最乐观结论的照片？”符合语境。] 4．C　[此处为本段主旨句。根据本段中的“but you have your health，a place to live and real friends who appreciate your presence in their lives”可知，你也要看到你所拥有的很多好的方面。故C项符合语境。] 5．E　[根据本段中的“We are all flooded ...but really，what does it matter？”可知，每天我们被其他人各种完美的照片淹没，但那又有什么关系呢？接下来应该是对这些照片进行否定，故E项符合语境。] Ⅲ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几十年前三江源地区生态开始恶化，之后国家采取了一系列措施保护该地区，并取得了成效。 1．wholly　[考查词性转换。句意：它是一个完全独特的高原湿地生态系统，是国家重要的生态防御。设空处修饰空后的形容词unique，应用副词。故填wholly。] 2．an　[考查冠词。句意见上一题解析。此处表示“一个重要的生态防御”，为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且空后important的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。] 3．which　[考查定语从句。句意：几十年前，气候变化和人类活动造成三江源环境严重恶化，这导致大量湖泊干涸，野生生物数量急剧下降。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为serious environmental degradation，指物，且设空处在从句中充当主语，应用which引导该从句。故填which。] 4．was launched　[考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：2016年，启动三江源国家公园管理体系试点项目。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语；主语为the pilot program，为单数，谓语动词也应用单数形式；根据时间状语“In 2016”可知，此处应用一般过去时，且主语和launch之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。] 5．to turn　[考查非谓语动词。句意：通过辛苦实践、发展和创新，(人们)努力使园区成为中国生态文明进步的象征。分析句子结构可知，have been made为谓语，且与设空处之间无连词连接，故此处应用非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表示目的，故应用不定式作目的状语。故填to turn。] 6．has experienced　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，青藏高原生态环境发生了全面变化。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语；根据时间状语“Over the past years”可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语the ecological environment of the Qinghai­Tibet Plateau为单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has experienced。] 7．by　[考查介词。句意：与10年前相比，该地区的节水率每年增长11%。rise by为固定搭配，其后常跟表示增幅的表达，表示增长多少，by后通常接分数、百分数、倍数等。此处表示增长11%。故填by。] 8．establishment　[考查词性转换。句意：当地居民享受大自然的馈赠，国家公园的建立使他们从开发自然转变为成为自然的保护者并从中受益。根据句意并结合空前冠词the及空后介词of可知，设空处应为名词。故填establishment。] 9．assisting　[考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人担任导游，协助来自国内外的游客。分析句子结构可知，work为本句中的谓语动词，动词assist与其之间无连词连接，此处应用非谓语动词形式作状语。assist与其逻辑主语Some之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用动词­ing形式。故填assisting。] 10．and　[考查连词。句意：如今，当人们走在三江源这片广袤的土地上，望着辽阔的山峦、冰川、湖泊和牧场，看到野生动物和鸟类时，不禁被大自然的浩瀚和美丽所折服。根据句意可知，句中“looking at the expansive mountains，glaciers，lakes and pastures”和“catching sight of wild animals and birds”为并列的动词­ing形式短语作伴随状语，应用and连接动词­ing形式短语。故填and。] Ⅳ．【参考范文】 Suddenly a long shadow came into the bedroom and she started crying．Panic at first，I then realized that it was just a car passing by．But she felt uneasy，her mouth wide opening，arms waving，and legs kicking．I thought she might be scared too，so I held out my hand to hold hers，patting her on the back with the other．I even moved a bit closer to her little bed，whispering my favorite song to her ears，just as my mom did when I got scared．Surprisingly，she seemed to understand me and stopped crying．Looking into her big eyes，I breathed a sigh of relief． After having comforted her，something slowly changed inside me．The sense of loneliness was replaced by the responsibility of being an elder brother．Even though her arrival took over the center of the whole family initially，she started to become the center of my attention too．With her cute round face and sparkling eyes，she also won my love and care for her．I looked around and found my parents，awake，smiling at me．With a shadow of a happy family cast on the window，I felt my little sister was the best gift I'd ever got． 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 课时分层作业(二十六) 选择性必修第三册　UNIT 8　LITERATURE Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟) (2024·广东省六校联考)In 2018，“gaming disorder”Ｋ—in which games are played uncontrollably，despite causing harm—gained recognition from the World Health Organization(WHO)．Last year，China，the world's biggest gaming market，announced new rules limiting children to just a single hour of play a day．Clinics are appearing around the world，promising to cure patients of their habit． Are games really addictive？Psychologists have different opinions．The ease for the defence is that this is just another moral panic．Similar warnings have been given about television，rock’n’roll，jazz，comic books，and even novels．As the newest form of mass media，gaming is merely enduring(忍受) its own time before it finally stops being controversial． However，some argue that unlike rock bands or novelists，games developers have both the motive and the means to engineer their products to make them addictive．For one thing，the business model has changed．In the old days games were bought once and for all．But these days，games are free and money is earned from purchases of in-game goods，which ties playtime directly to developers' income．For another，games makers combine psychological theory and data，which helps them maximize the playtime．Smartphones and modern video game machines use their permanent Internet connections to send gameplay data back to developers．That allows products to be constantly adjusted to increase spending on games． The gaming industry should realize that，in the real world，it has a problem，and that the problem is growing．Now that gaming addiction comes with an official WHO recognition，diagnoses(诊断)become more common．Clinics are already reporting booming business，as lockdowns have given gamers more time to spend with their hobby．And being put together in the public mind，fairly or not，with gambling will not do the industry any favour． 1．What is the function of paragraph 1? A．To arouse the readers' interest about the topic． B．To inform the readers of the harmful effects of games． C．To discuss whether it is necessary to panic about games． D．To show growing public concern about the problem of games． 2．Why is television，together with other media forms，mentioned in paragraph 2? A．To prove that the panic about games will fade away． B．To show that they are as highly addictive as games． C．To compare the differences among these media forms． D．To argue that these media forms are not harmful at all． 3．How do games developers make games addictive? A．They don't charge players for in-game goods． B．They adjust products based on received data． C．They reward top players with more playtime． D．They keep players' video game machines updated． 4．In the last paragraph，the author aims to ． A．offer a suggestion B．make a prediction C．give a warning D．put forward a solution Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟) (2024·广州市调研)Are you frequently depressed by the feeling that life is leaving you behind particularly when you look over social media sites and are faced with all the exciting things your friends are up to? 1 FOMO，or Fear of Missing Out，refers to the perception that other people's lives are superior to our own life．It appears as a deep sense of envy，and constant exposure to it can have a weakening effect on our self-esteem(自尊)． While feelings of envy and lack of confidence seem to be human nature，social media seem to have added fuel to the fire． 2 Social media，with their built-in appeal，allow us to share only the best presentations of our life，while leaving out the more boring aspects．Although this could be characterized as dishonesty，it is the atmosphere social media seem to demand．So how do we avoid being trapped into our own insecurities by social media? Consider your own social media posts． 3 Well，so have others．And what they've left hidden is the fact that boredom，loneliness and unpleasant chores are an unavoidable part of everyone's life，and you're not the only one feeling left out． 4 You may not be a regular at fancy parties or a climber of dizzying peaks，but you have your health，a place to live and real friends who appreciate your presence in their lives． Learn to shake it off．We are all flooded daily with photos of other people's perfection，but really，what does it matter？ 5 And even if you are more easily affected than others by social media envy，all you need to do is look around and acknowledge that you are doing pretty well after all． A．If so，you are not alone． B．Value your friends in real life． C．Learn to appreciate the positives． D．Why do they have such a stimulating effect? E．They are probably no more real than the funniest reality TV show． F．The feeling that we are left out has long-term damaging psychological consequences． G．Have you ever chosen photos that lead others to the rosiest conclusions about your life? Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟) (2024·南通市调研)Home to the headwaters of the Yangtze，Yellow，and Lancang rivers，the Sanjiangyuan area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) is known as “China's water tower”．It is a 1． (whole) unique plateau wetland ecosystem and serves as 2． important ecological defense for the country． Decades ago，serious environmental degradation (恶化) in Sanjiangyuan，3． was caused by climate change and human activities，resulted in a large number of lakes drying out and wildlife numbers falling sharply．In 2016，the pilot program of the Sanjiangyuan National Park management system 4． (launch)．Through painstaking practice，development and innovation，efforts have been made 5． (turn) the park into a symbol of the progress of China's ecological civilization． Over the past years，the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 6． (experience) comprehensive changes．Water conservation in the area has risen 7． 11 percent every year，compared with 10 years ago． Local residents enjoy the gifts given by nature，and the 8． (establish) of the national park has enabled them to transform from exploiting(开发) nature to becoming its protectors and benefiting from it．Some work as tour guides，9． (assist) visitors from home and abroad． Today，as people walk on the vast land of Sanjiangyuan，looking at the expansive mountains，glaciers，lakes and pastures，10． catching sight of wild animals and birds，they cannot help but be impressed by the vastness and beauty of nature． Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟) 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I still remember the day when we decorated the house．I was ten and it was two weeks before New Year．I was looking forward to my presents．Since I was the youngest in the family，all of the family members would give me a gift one way or another．Sometimes it was a cookie or a hug but it was always there．I was the only center of attention and it was feeling good． My uncles would usually ask me what I wanted before New Year and that year I knew what I wanted．It was the spaceship I saw in the ads．I was dreaming of opening a big gift box，and it was there．But that year it came in a way that I wasn't expecting． It was two weeks before New Year．Just two weeks．She couldn't wait．My dear mother told my father that it was time，and then we went to the hospital．After an hour，they told me that I had a sister now．But I didn't want a sister．I wanted a spaceship．The next few days went so fast．No one was caring about me．Everyone was talking about her and I knew that my life was never going to be the same ever again．I wasn't ready to grow up，to be a big brother．But it just happened in an instant． On the day before New Year，everyone was in our home，talking only about my newborn sister．My family was becoming hers．Even my uncles didn't ask me anything about the gift．She stole everything I'd ever had，my life and my presents．Thinking about this，I cried to sleep．I had a nightmare(噩梦) and woke up at the middle of the night．Shadows were all around me，and I was defenseless and so weak．I ran into my parents' bedroom but couldn't wake up my poor parents who were just too worn out．I was standing near their bed，trying not to cry when I saw her．She was awake and looking at me with her big eyes in her small bed． 注意：1．续写词数应为 150左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Suddenly a long shadow came into the bedroom and she started crying． After having comforted her，something slowly changed inside me． 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$