精品解析：浙江省新阵地联盟考试2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

浙江省新阵地教育联盟2025届第一次联考 英语试题卷 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Which animal does the man think is most special? A．Birds. B．Ducks. C．Horses. 2．Where is the woman going tonight? A．The stadium. B．The library. C．The café. 3．What will the man have for tomorrow’s breakfast? A．Egg rolls. B．Fried eggs. C．Boiled eggs. 4．What does the man think of the new towels? A．They’re quite useful. B．They’re a bit expensive. C．They’re very comfortable. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A science fiction movie. B．A new GPS device. C．A chat program. 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What did Max do this morning? A．He had a walk. B．He ate some beef. C．He cleaned the floor. 7．How does the woman sound? A．Sorry. B．Happy. C．Angry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is the man’s major concern about using gas? A．It costs too much in winter. B．It will cause environmental pollution. C．It involves a risk of blowing up the house. 9．What source of energy will the speakers use to heat the house? A．Coal. B．Solar power. C．Wind energy. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Why does the woman find the poems hard? A．They focused on some difficult topics. B．They are written in different languages. C．They have existed for quite a long time. 11．What day is it today? A．Saturday. B．Sunday. C．Monday. 12．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Father and daughter. C．Husband and wife. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Where are the speakers? A．On a beach. B．In the woods. C．At their home. 14．What did the woman do in the morning? A．She stored water in the vehicle. B．She took a picture of the vehicle. C．She filled the vehicle up with gas. 15．What season is it now in Scotland? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Winter. 16．What will the man do next? A．Take a shower. B．Turn the heat on. C．Check the amount of gas. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What is the speaker doing? A．Reporting a study on novels. B．Introducing some books. C．Teaching a writing class. 18．When will The Dark be published? A．In 7 days. B．In 10 days. C．In 13 days. 19．Which country does John Clarke come from? A．Japan. B．Australia. C．The U. S. 20．Where can the listeners get more information? A．From a library. B．From the Internet. C．From a bookstore. 第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节：(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As the excitement of the Summer Olympics attracts audiences worldwide, it presents a golden opportunity to inspire our younger generation not just in sports but in the fields of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Here, we explore a series of innovative STEM challenges designed for both lower elementary and upper elementary students, aimed at sparking their curiosity and fostering a love for learning. Surfing STEM Challenge The Surfing STEM Challenge invites students to explore the fascinating world of magnetic forces (磁力) by keeping a surfer suspended in mid-air. Using a magnetic stick. students guide the surfer’s track mirroring the fluid movements of surfing waves. Basketball STEM challenge The Basketball STEM challenge attracts students by tasking them with inventing a basketball game tailored for one-handed play, making use of materials at hand. The activity highlights the importance of creativity, engineering capability, and collaborative effort, all within the vibrant atmosphere of the Summer Olympics. Skateboarding STEM Activity The Skateboarding STEM Activity challenges students to craft a small skateboard, along with constructing a skatepark to demonstrate their fingerboarding skills. It’s an engaging way to connect with the dynamic world of skateboarding in the Summer Olympics, encouraging teamwork, innovation, and hands-on learning. Golf STEM Challenge The Golf STEM Challenge tasks students with the exciting project of designing and building a mini golf course, along with creating their own golf club. This innovative approach to learning not only brings the spirit of the Summer Olympics into the classroom but also fosters teamwork, problem-solving, and a deeper understanding of the scientific concepts behind the game of golf. Click Here to find out more information. 1. What is the main goal of the STEM challenges described in the passage? A. To train students for future careers in STEM. B. To encourage students’ curiosity and love for learning. C. To help students understand complex scientific theories. D. To promote the importance of sports and physical activity. 2. Which two STEM challenges encourage students to build something physical? A. Surfing STEM Challenge and Golf STEM Challenge. B. Surfing STEM Challenge and Basketball STEM Challenge. C. Skateboarding STEM Activity and Golf STEM Challenge. D. Basketball STEM Challenge and Skateboarding STEM Activity. 3. Where is this passage most likely to be found? A. A sports magazine. B. A travel blog. C. A scientific report. D. An educational website. B As Elizabeth Stone once said, “Having children is like having your heart go walking around outside of your body.” You send them off to school and hope that the world treats them kindly because when they hurt, you hurt. Surely it’s inevitable that your child will experience hurt feelings at some point. So, it’s wise to be ready for those moments. But what truly prepares you for the moment when the child you love so much unexpectedly heals the wounds of your own inner child? A mom, who goes by Soogia, posted a video on TikTok explaining a phone call she received from a parent in her daughter’s classroom. The mom called to inform Soogia that their kids had been sharing lunch with each other. Soogia wasn’t prepared for what came next. The classmate’s mother informed her that her son loved the food Soogia’s daughter brought to school and wanted to learn how to cook it too. That may seem like a small thing to some, but the small gesture healed a little bit of Soogia’s inner child. Growing up as a Korean kid in California, Soogia had different experiences from her children. “I guess I just never thought that my kids would be the generation of kids that could go to school and not just proudly eat, but share their food with other kids that were just so open and accepting to it,” Soogia said through tears. “They don’t sit there eating their food alone, feeling ashamed and wishing that their fried rice was a bagel instead or something like that. And I know, it sounds so small and it sounds so stupid, but knowing that their experience at school is so different from mine in such a positive way is just so hopeful.” Soogia’s tearful video pulled at the heartstrings of her viewers who shared their thoughts in the comments. “These Gen Alpha babies really are a different, kinder generation. I love them so much,” someone revealed. 4. What is the purpose of quoting at the beginning of the passage? A. To illustrate the hard work of being a parent. B. To stress parents’ consistent concerns about their children. C. To introduce the story about a child’s growth that follows. D. To contrast the different feelings between parents and children. 5. Why did the classmate’s mother call Soogia? A. To ask for the lunch recipe her son loved. B. To invite Soogia to prepare lunch for the children together. C. To inform Soogia of her daughter’s understanding behavior at school. D. To express her appreciation for the lunch Soogia’s daughter brought. 6. What makes Soogia feel comforted? A. Her child can finally fit in with American society. B. Her child has gained friendship and recognition at school. C. Her child needn’t feel ashamed of their cultural background. D. Her child can share their favorite food with their classmates. 7. What can we infer about Soogia’s opinion of the new generation of children? A. Open-minded and inclusive. B. Adventurous and open-minded. C. Tolerant and ambitious. D. Friendly and ambitious. C Over the past few years, the health and wellness industry has experienced a significant boom, driven in part by the pandemic prompting individuals to prioritize their well-being. This surge has led to a notable increase in the interest surrounding vitamins and supplements. Sales of dietary supplements in the US surged by 50% between 2018 and 2020, amounting to over $220 billion in 2020 as revealed by a study published in the journal Nutrients. Amid this trend, social media influencers are actively promoting various vitamins and supplements as a quick fix for various health issues. Vitamins and supplements can be a beneficial addition to a person’s health and wellness routine — if used and obtained correctly. However, experts caution that this promotion can sometimes perpetuate misinformation and potentially lead to harmful health consequences due to blanket statements lacking scientific backing. Dietitian Caroline Thomason warns against blanket recommendations, emphasizing the importance of personalized advice. The question of “What vitamins should I take?” lacks a one-size-fits-all answer. Navigating the world of vitamins requires individualized guidance. Experts recommend consulting a primary care physician or dietitian. Conducting blood tests to assess vitamin levels is crucial before determining specific supplement needs. Personalized recommendations are essential as there is no universal approach to vitamin intake. If you don’t have a deficiency, prioritizing a diverse diet to meet your nutritional needs rather than relying solely on supplements is advisable. It’s vital to exercise caution when considering daily vitamin intake. Certain vitamins, such as fat- soluble vitamins A, D, E, K, along with minerals like iron and calcium, should not be consumed regularly without professional guidance. Excessive intake of these nutrients without a deficiency can lead to toxicity and adverse interactions. It’s vital to be aware of potential health risks, including liver damage, high calcium levels, bleeding, and kidney stones, which may arise from improper supplements. In conclusion, while vitamins and supplements can enhance one’s health routine when used appropriately, excessive intake without medical supervision can pose serious health risks. Individualized guidance from healthcare professionals is essential to ensure optimal well-being and avoid potential complications. 8. Why do experts caution against blanket recommendations for vitamin intake? A. Because they are gaining popularity. B. Because they lack scientific evidence. C. Because they are personalized suggestions. D. Because they are influenced by social media. 9. What is emphasized as essential before deciding specific supplements needed? A. Consulting social media influencers. B. Increasing vitamin intake. C. Using universal approaches. D. Taking blood tests. 10. According to the text, what does the underlined term “deficiency” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. A treatment plan B. Lack of vitamins C. An inadequate diet D. Intake of supplements 11. What does this passage mainly focus on? A. Potential risks of improper diet B. Influencer culture in the wellness industry C. Dietary guidelines for ideal health D. Importance of tailored supplement consumption D Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes — like swapping a frozen meat lasagne (宽面条) for the vegetarian option — could push the reduction to as much as 71%. Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options. Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households in The George Institute’s FoodSwitch database and global environmental impact databasets. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods (e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub-categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equivalent to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%. The results of the study show the potential to significantly reduce our environmental impact by switching like-for-like products. “It showed that you can switch to lower emissions products while still enjoying nutritious foods,” Dr Gaines added. A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions). “While ecoSwitch is a much-needed first step in providing environmental transparency (透明度) for grocery shoppers, the vision is for compulsive display of a single, standardised sustainability rating system on all supermarket products,” concluded pro f Neal, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at Imperial College London. 12. What’s the function of paragraph 2? A. To set the stage for further explanation. B. To summarize the previous paragraph. C. To give supporting details for the writer’s argument. D. To make a comparison between different countries. 13. Why do researchers make a detailed classification for products? A. To set up a comprehensive database. B. To figure out the detailed food categories. C. To measure emissions reduced by switching food. D. To ensure less air pollution caused by food options. 14 What do we know about ecoSwitch? A. It is popular in high- income countries. B. It checks the emissions of star products. C. It is a measurement system for a supermarket. D It ensures wiser choices for food purchase. 15. What’s the best title of the text? A. EcoSwitch—a Reminder of Food Safety B. Dietary habits—a Factor of Physical Health C. Food swaps—a Way of Environmental Sustainability D. Greenhouse gas emissions—a Cause of Environmental Crisis 第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Human activities have made global rainfall more unstable over the past century, a new study suggests. ____16____. Published Friday in the journal Science, it shows that rainfall variability has increased since the 20th century, ranging from global to regional scales and from daily to seasonal. Rainfall variability refers to the unevenness of rainfall timing and rainfall amount. ____17____ For example, some places may receive a year’s rainfall in just a few days, experience downpours after long dry periods, or rapidly change between droughts and floods. By analyzing a wide range of observational data, the researchers found that rainfall variability has increased by about 75% since the 20th century across the land areas studied, especially in Europe, Australia and eastern North America. ____18____ ____19____ They identified the dominant role of anthropogenic (人为的) emissions of greenhouse gases. “The increase in rainfall variability is mainly due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, which have led to a warmer and more humid atmosphere,” said Wenxia Zhang, lead author of the study. This means that even if the atmospheric circulation remains unchanged, the extra moisture in the air will lead to more intense rainfall events. Large and rapid fluctuations (波动) between extreme climates not only challenge the existing capabilities of contemporary weather and climate prediction systems, but also have chain effects on human society, threatening the economic development, ecosystem functions and terrestrial carbon sinks. ____20____ A. Immediate adaptation measures are crucial to meet these challenges. B. Higher variability may bring more rain in a certain region. C. The study was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. D. To understand the causes of increased rainfall variability, the team furthered the research. E. Higher variability means that rainfall is more unevenly distributed over a period of time, leading to wet and dry periods. F. It was also found that daily variability in global rainfall has increased by 1.2% per decade. G. The study indicates that global rainfall will still increase in the next century. 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was seated in the aisle (过道) seat of a three-seater row on the plane to Portugal. A girl, about 5 years old, sat to my right, and her father ____21____ the window seat to her right. I noticed the little girl looking at me and the screen in front of me with a ____22____ expression from time to time. To ____23____ her, I switched to an animated motion picture. I chose Portuguese subtitles (字幕) to ____24____ my language skills and in case the little girl wanted to ____25____ along. It was a good move since the child became ____26____ on my screen. The little one ____27____ resting her head on me and hugging my arm. Her father would ____28____ her toward him whenever he realized what she was doing. ____29____, her restless little body would find its way back to me. After several ____30____ of this pattern, I motioned that I was OK with the little girl claiming my arm as her personal body pillow for the ____31____ of the flight. He smiled gratefully and fell into sleep. I have a ____32____ of flying, but having a little one to care for put my mind at ease. Honestly, it felt great to be ____33____ by both the child and her father. Our ____34____ willingness to treat each other simply as friendly people created a safe, respectful, and engaging environment among ____35____ during a nine-hour flight. 21. A. won B. adjusted C. occupied D. moved 22. A. simple B. curious C. similar D. clear 23. A. engage B. frighten C. persuade D. praise 24. A. call out for B. make away with C. brush up on D. get down to 25. A. sing B. read C. walk D. play 26. A. connected B. recognized C. focused D. informed 27. A. suggested B. minded C. admitted D. kept 28. A. shift B. follow C. point D. wave 29. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Nevertheless 30 A. examples B. attempts C. services D. attacks 31. A. destination B. safety C. departure D. duration 32. A. dream B. fear C. cost D. future 33. A. trusted B. invited C. favored D. tolerated 34. A. recent B. average C. collective D. changeable 35. A. strangers B. neighbors C. pilots D. attendants 第Ⅱ卷 第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Atbai Desert, a part of the Sahara Desert, is one of the ____36____ (dry) places on Earth, with a sandy and barren landscape that averages zero millimeters of rainfall each year. So, archaeologists were surprised when they discovered rock art showing boats and cattle in an area ____37____ is 60 miles away from the closest body of water. “It was surprising to find cattle ____38____ (carve) on desert rock walls as they require plenty of water and wide-open grassland, and would not survive in Sahara today,” said Julien Cooper, an archaeologist from Macquarie University. “The discovery of boat ____39____ (image) in the rock art this distant from lakes and rivers was also surprising.” Archaeologists believe the discovery provides clear evidence supporting the theory of ____40____ once “Green Sahara” around 3,000 B. C. E. During this period, the area was a grassy plain with lakes and rivers ____41____ (sustain) a variety of wildlife and human activities such as cattle herding. However, changes in African monsoon (季风) patterns transformed the Sahara ____42____ the barren desert we know today. ____43____ (current), only hardy animals like camels and goats can survive there. The rock art’s detailed carvings suggest that the creators spent plenty of time in the area, further indicating that the region ____44____ (be) once supportive of human life. As the climate grew unforgiving many residents were forced to migrate closer to the Nile, contributing to the formation of early urban states and culture in Egypt and Nubia. The discovery offers valuable insight into the changes that _____45_____ (occur) in the Sahara over the past thousands of years. 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节：(满分15分) 46. 随着社会的发展，心理健康越来越受到人们的关注。10月10日是“世界精神卫生日”。假定你是李华，请你给校长就如何改善学生心理健康状况写一封信。 内容包括：(1)心理健康的重要性；(2)你的建议及理由。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Principal, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节：(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My pulse quickened as my feet took me closer and closer to the door. In my head I could hear the words my father kept telling me, “Do it, Stephanie. You never do anything for yourself. Just set it up.” I felt my lungs filled with air and released it. “Did you sign up?” my father asked. When he saw the drumsticks in my hand, he smiled and then came to hug me. Wednesday came, and along with it was my first drum lesson. I walked through the door and headed directly to the seating area in the back. My hands kept fidgeting (摆弄) with the sticks. I kept nervously looking at the time. I tried to slow down my breath. I knew the teacher would say I was not the right type of person to play the drums. I turned around to see an old man looking at me. “Stephanie? I’m Mike, the drum teacher,” he said. He led me to a room. There were two drum sets, and he told me to sit at the one close to the door. Out of the door gathered the crowd, chatting and chuckling. People made me nervous. That’s the way I’d always been. But Mike had a very calm manner, so I relaxed just slightly. Not only did he not tell me that I was the wrong type of person to play the drums, but he praised me on how well I held the sticks and followed along with him. I learned how to read simple sheets of music, but then my thirty- minute lesson was over. Walking back to my father’s car, I felt the energy beaming from within me. It was the first time that I had done something purely for my enjoyment, something just for myself. I practiced as much as I could throughout the week. Even my four-year-old dog Pluto often complained that I never played with it. My second lesson came, and I played the sheets of music for Mike. I noticed as I played that Mike’s concentration became more and more apparent. When I finished the whole lesson, Mike said “You played that perfectly!” 注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右；(2)开头已给出。 Paragraph 1: After months of playing, one day, Mike invited me to play at a small concert. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Walking up on the stage, I took a deep breath and sat at the drum set. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 浙江省新阵地教育联盟2025届第一次联考 英语试题卷 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．Which animal does the man think is most special? A．Birds. B．Ducks. C．Horses. 2．Where is the woman going tonight? A．The stadium. B．The library. C．The café. 3．What will the man have for tomorrow’s breakfast? A．Egg rolls. B．Fried eggs. C．Boiled eggs. 4．What does the man think of the new towels? A．They’re quite useful. B．They’re a bit expensive. C．They’re very comfortable. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A science fiction movie. B．A new GPS device. C．A chat program. 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What did Max do this morning? A．He had a walk. B．He ate some beef. C．He cleaned the floor. 7．How does the woman sound? A．Sorry. B．Happy. C．Angry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is the man’s major concern about using gas? A．It costs too much in winter. B．It will cause environmental pollution. C．It involves a risk of blowing up the house. 9．What source of energy will the speakers use to heat the house? A．Coal. B．Solar power. C．Wind energy. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Why does the woman find the poems hard? A．They focused on some difficult topics B．They are written in different languages. C．They have existed for quite a long time. 11．What day is it today? A．Saturday. B．Sunday. C．Monday. 12．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Father and daughter. C．Husband and wife. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Where are the speakers? A．On a beach. B．In the woods. C．At their home. 14．What did the woman do in the morning? A．She stored water in the vehicle. B．She took a picture of the vehicle. C．She filled the vehicle up with gas. 15．What season is it now in Scotland? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Winter. 16．What will the man do next? A．Take a shower. B．Turn the heat on. C．Check the amount of gas. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What is the speaker doing? A．Reporting a study on novels. B．Introducing some books. C．Teaching a writing class. 18．When will The Dark be published? A．In 7 days. B．In 10 days. C．In 13 days. 19．Which country does John Clarke come from? A．Japan. B．Australia. C．The U. S. 20．Where can the listeners get more information? A．From a library. B．From the Internet. C．From a bookstore. 第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节：(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As the excitement of the Summer Olympics attracts audiences worldwide, it presents a golden opportunity to inspire our younger generation not just in sports but in the fields of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). Here, we explore a series of innovative STEM challenges designed for both lower elementary and upper elementary students, aimed at sparking their curiosity and fostering a love for learning. Surfing STEM Challenge The Surfing STEM Challenge invites students to explore the fascinating world of magnetic forces (磁力) by keeping a surfer suspended in mid-air. Using a magnetic stick. students guide the surfer’s track, mirroring the fluid movements of surfing waves. Basketball STEM challenge The Basketball STEM challenge attracts students by tasking them with inventing a basketball game tailored for one-handed play, making use of materials at hand. The activity highlights the importance of creativity, engineering capability, and collaborative effort, all within the vibrant atmosphere of the Summer Olympics. Skateboarding STEM Activity The Skateboarding STEM Activity challenges students to craft a small skateboard, along with constructing a skatepark to demonstrate their fingerboarding skills. It’s an engaging way to connect with the dynamic world of skateboarding in the Summer Olympics, encouraging teamwork, innovation, and hands-on learning. Golf STEM Challenge The Golf STEM Challenge tasks students with the exciting project of designing and building a mini golf course, along with creating their own golf club. This innovative approach to learning not only brings the spirit of the Summer Olympics into the classroom but also fosters teamwork, problem-solving, and a deeper understanding of the scientific concepts behind the game of golf. Click Here to find out more information. 1. What is the main goal of the STEM challenges described in the passage? A. To train students for future careers in STEM. B. To encourage students’ curiosity and love for learning. C. To help students understand complex scientific theories. D. To promote the importance of sports and physical activity. 2. Which two STEM challenges encourage students to build something physical? A. Surfing STEM Challenge and Golf STEM Challenge. B. Surfing STEM Challenge and Basketball STEM Challenge. C. Skateboarding STEM Activity and Golf STEM Challenge. D. Basketball STEM Challenge and Skateboarding STEM Activity. 3. Where is this passage most likely to be found? A. A sports magazine. B. A travel blog. C. A scientific report. D. An educational website. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四项结合夏季奥运会的STEM挑战活动，旨在通过体育运动激发小学生对科学、技术、工程和数学的兴趣和学习热情，同时培养他们的创造力、团队合作能力和解决问题的能力。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Here, we explore a series of innovative STEM challenges designed for both lower elementary and upper elementary students, aimed at sparking their curiosity and fostering a love for learning. (在这里，我们探索了一系列为小学低年级和小学高年级学生设计的创新STEM挑战，旨在激发他们的好奇心，培养他们对学习的热爱)”可知，文章描述的STEM挑战的主要目标是激发学生的好奇心并培养他们对学习的热爱。故选B项。 2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The Skateboarding STEM Activity challenges students to craft a small skateboard, along with constructing a skatepark to demonstrate their fingerboarding skills. (滑板STEM活动挑战学生制作一个小滑板，同时建造一个滑板公园来展示他们的指板技巧)”和第五段中的“The Golf STEM Challenge tasks students with the exciting project of designing and building a mini golf course, along with creating their own golf club. (高尔夫STEM挑战赛为学生们提供了一个令人兴奋的项目，即设计和建造一个迷你高尔夫球场，以及创建自己的高尔夫俱乐部)”可知，滑板STEM活动和高尔夫STEM挑战都鼓励学生制作实体物品，即滑板和迷你高尔夫球场。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Here, we explore a series of innovative STEM challenges designed for both lower elementary and upper elementary students, aimed at sparking their curiosity and fostering a love for learning. (在这里，我们探索了一系列为小学低年级和小学高年级学生设计的创新STEM挑战，旨在激发他们的好奇心，培养他们对学习的热爱)”可知，文章主要介绍了几个与奥运会相关的STEM挑战，旨在激发学生的好奇心和学习热情。这种内容更符合教育类网站的特点。故选D项。 B As Elizabeth Stone once said, “Having children is like having your heart go walking around outside of your body.” You send them off to school and hope that the world treats them kindly because when they hurt, you hurt. Surely it’s inevitable that your child will experience hurt feelings at some point. So, it’s wise to be ready for those moments. But what truly prepares you for the moment when the child you love so much unexpectedly heals the wounds of your own inner child? A mom, who goes by Soogia, posted a video on TikTok explaining a phone call she received from a parent in her daughter’s classroom. The mom called to inform Soogia that their kids had been sharing lunch with each other. Soogia wasn’t prepared for what came next. The classmate’s mother informed her that her son loved the food Soogia’s daughter brought to school and wanted to learn how to cook it too. That may seem like a small thing to some, but the small gesture healed a little bit of Soogia’s inner child. Growing up as a Korean kid in California, Soogia had different experiences from her children. “I guess I just never thought that my kids would be the generation of kids that could go to school and not just proudly eat, but share their food with other kids that were just so open and accepting to it,” Soogia said through tears. “They don’t sit there eating their food alone, feeling ashamed and wishing that their fried rice was a bagel instead or something like that. And I know, it sounds so small and it sounds so stupid, but knowing that their experience at school is so different from mine in such a positive way is just so hopeful.” Soogia’s tearful video pulled at the heartstrings of her viewers who shared their thoughts in the comments. “These Gen Alpha babies really are a different, kinder generation. I love them so much,” someone revealed. 4. What is the purpose of quoting at the beginning of the passage? A. To illustrate the hard work of being a parent. B. To stress parents’ consistent concerns about their children. C. To introduce the story about a child’s growth that follows. D. To contrast the different feelings between parents and children. 5. Why did the classmate’s mother call Soogia? A. To ask for the lunch recipe her son loved. B. To invite Soogia to prepare lunch for the children together. C. To inform Soogia of her daughter’s understanding behavior at school. D. To express her appreciation for the lunch Soogia’s daughter brought. 6. What makes Soogia feel comforted? A. Her child can finally fit in with American society. B. Her child has gained friendship and recognition at school. C. Her child needn’t feel ashamed of their cultural background. D. Her child can share their favorite food with their classmates. 7. What can we infer about Soogia’s opinion of the new generation of children? A. Open-minded and inclusive. B. Adventurous and open-minded. C. Tolerant and ambitious. D. Friendly and ambitious. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过一个妈妈Soogia分享的故事，讲述了她的孩子在学校分享午餐的经历，以及这一小事如何治愈了她内心的创伤，并引发了对新一代孩子开放和包容特质的思考。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“As Elizabeth Stone once said, ‘Having children is like having your heart go walking around outside of your body.’ You send them off to school and hope that the world treats them kindly because when they hurt, you hurt. Surely it’s inevitable that your child will experience hurt feelings at some point. So, it’s wise to be ready for those moments.(正如伊丽莎白·斯通曾经说过，“有了孩子就像你的心在体外行走。”你把他们送去学校，希望世界善待他们，因为当他们受伤时，你也会受伤。当然，你的孩子迟早会经历一些伤心的时刻。所以，为这些时刻做好准备是明智的)”可推知，文章开头引用Elizabeth Stone的话是为了强调父母对孩子持续的关心，即孩子受伤时父母也会感到伤心。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A mom, who goes by Soogia, posted a video on TikTok explaining a phone call she received from a parent in her daughter’s classroom. The mom called to inform Soogia that their kids had been sharing lunch with each other.(一位名叫Soogia的妈妈在TikTok上发布了一段视频，解释了她在女儿的教室里接到一位家长的电话。这位母亲打电话告诉苏吉亚，他们的孩子们一直在一起吃午饭)”及第三段中“The classmate’s mother informed her that her son loved the food Soogia’s daughter brought to school and wanted to learn how to cook it too.(同学的妈妈告诉她，她的儿子很喜欢Soogia的女儿带到学校的食物，也想学做这道菜)”可知，同学的母亲打电话给Soogia，对Soogia女儿带来的午餐表示感谢。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Growing up as a Korean kid in California, Soogia had different experiences from her children.(作为一个在加州长大的韩国孩子，Soogia的经历与她的孩子们不同)”及第五段中““I guess I just never thought that my kids would be the generation of kids that could go to school and not just proudly eat, but share their food with other kids that were just so open and accepting to it,” Soogia said through tears.(“我想我从来没有想过我的孩子们会成为这一代的孩子，他们上学时不仅骄傲地吃饭，而且还和其他孩子分享他们的食物，他们是如此开放和接受，”Soogia流着泪说)”和“They don’t sit there eating their food alone, feeling ashamed and wishing that their fried rice was a bagel instead or something like that.(他们不会独自坐在那里吃东西，感到羞愧，希望他们的炒饭是百吉饼或类似的东西)”可知，妈妈Soogia因为自己的韩国文化背景，曾经没有自信，而且时常为自己的饭菜感到羞愧，而女儿与之截然不同的行为，这让她倍感治愈。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“I guess I just never thought that my kids would be the generation of kids that could go to school and not just proudly eat, but share their food with other kids that were just so open and accepting to it(我想我从来没有想过我的孩子们会成为这样的一代孩子，他们在上学的时候不仅自豪地吃东西，而且还和其他孩子分享他们的食物，他们是如此开放和欣然接受)”、最后一段中“‘These Gen Alpha babies really are a different, kinder generation. I love them so much,’ someone revealed.( “这些阿尔法世代的孩子们真的是一个不同的、更善良的一代。我非常爱他们，”有人说)”和前文提到的Soogia的女儿与同学分享午餐，以及同学想要学习做这道菜的事情，可推知Soogia认为新一代的孩子是开放和包容的。故选A项。 C Over the past few years, the health and wellness industry has experienced a significant boom, driven in part by the pandemic prompting individuals to prioritize their well-being. This surge has led to a notable increase in the interest surrounding vitamins and supplements. Sales of dietary supplements in the US surged by 50% between 2018 and 2020, amounting to over $220 billion in 2020 as revealed by a study published in the journal Nutrients. Amid this trend, social media influencers are actively promoting various vitamins and supplements as a quick fix for various health issues. Vitamins and supplements can be a beneficial addition to a person’s health and wellness routine — if used and obtained correctly. However, experts caution that this promotion can sometimes perpetuate misinformation and potentially lead to harmful health consequences due to blanket statements lacking scientific backing. Dietitian Caroline Thomason warns against blanket recommendations, emphasizing the importance of personalized advice. The question of “What vitamins should I take?” lacks a one-size-fits-all answer. Navigating the world of vitamins requires individualized guidance. Experts recommend consulting a primary care physician or dietitian. Conducting blood tests to assess vitamin levels is crucial before determining specific supplement needs. Personalized recommendations are essential as there is no universal approach to vitamin intake. If you don’t have a deficiency, prioritizing a diverse diet to meet your nutritional needs rather than relying solely on supplements is advisable. It’s vital to exercise caution when considering daily vitamin intake. Certain vitamins, such as fat- soluble vitamins A, D, E, K, along with minerals like iron and calcium, should not be consumed regularly without professional guidance. Excessive intake of these nutrients without a deficiency can lead to toxicity and adverse interactions. It’s vital to be aware of potential health risks, including liver damage, high calcium levels, bleeding, and kidney stones, which may arise from improper supplements. In conclusion, while vitamins and supplements can enhance one’s health routine when used appropriately, excessive intake without medical supervision can pose serious health risks. Individualized guidance from healthcare professionals is essential to ensure optimal well-being and avoid potential complications. 8. Why do experts caution against blanket recommendations for vitamin intake? A. Because they are gaining popularity. B. Because they lack scientific evidence. C. Because they are personalized suggestions. D. Because they are influenced by social media. 9. What is emphasized as essential before deciding specific supplements needed? A. Consulting social media influencers. B. Increasing vitamin intake. C. Using universal approaches. D. Taking blood tests. 10. According to the text, what does the underlined term “deficiency” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. A treatment plan B. Lack of vitamins C. An inadequate diet D. Intake of supplements 11. What does this passage mainly focus on? A. Potential risks of improper diet B. Influencer culture in the wellness industry C. Dietary guidelines for ideal health D. Importance of tailored supplement consumption 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文，文章介绍了维生素和补充剂在健康和保健行业中的增长趋势，以及社交媒体影响者对它们的推广可能导致的误解和潜在健康风险。文章强调了个性化建议的重要性，并警告过度摄入某些维生素和矿物质可能带来的健康问题。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, experts caution that this promotion can sometimes perpetuate misinformation and potentially lead to harmful health consequences due to blanket statements lacking scientific backing.（然而，专家警告说，这种推广有时会传播错误信息，并可能导致有害的健康后果，因为一概而论的说法缺乏科学依据。）”可知，专家警告不要对维生素摄入进行一概而论的推荐，因为这些推荐缺乏科学依据。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Conducting blood tests to assess vitamin levels is crucial before determining specific supplement needs.（在确定特定补充剂需求之前，进行血液测试以评估维生素水平至关重要。）”可知，在决定特定补充剂需求之前，强调进行血液测试是必要的。故选D。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“Personalized recommendations are essential as there is no universal approach to vitamin intake.(个性化推荐至关重要，因为维生素摄入没有通用的方法)”以及“If you don’t have a …, prioritizing a diverse diet to meet your nutritional needs rather than relying solely on supplements is advisable.（如果你没有……，建议优先考虑多样化饮食以满足你的营养需求，而不是仅仅依赖补充剂。）”可知，建议优先考虑多样化饮食以满足你的营养需求，所以这指的地维生素不缺乏的情况下。所以“deficiency”指的是维生素的缺乏。故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Over the past few years, the health and wellness industry has experienced a significant boom, driven in part by the pandemic prompting individuals to prioritize their well-being. This surge has led to a notable increase in the interest surrounding vitamins and supplements. Sales of dietary supplements in the US surged by 50% between 2018 and 2020, amounting to over $220 billion in 2020 as revealed by a study published in the journal Nutrients.( 在过去几年中，健康和保健行业经历了显著的增长，部分原因是疫情促使人们更加重视自己的健康。这种增长导致人们对维生素和补充剂的兴趣显著增加。根据《营养》杂志发表的一项研究，美国膳食补充剂的销售额在2018年至2020年间激增了50%，2020年达到了超过2200亿美元)”以及最后一段“In conclusion, while vitamins and supplements can enhance one’s health routine when used appropriately, excessive intake without medical supervision can pose serious health risks. Individualized guidance from healthcare professionals is essential to ensure optimal well-being and avoid potential complications(总之，尽管维生素和补充剂在适当使用时可以增强健康，但未经医疗监督的过量摄入可能会带来严重的健康风险。获得医疗保健专业人士的个性化指导对于确保最佳健康和避免潜在并发症至关重要)”可知，文章主要讨论了维生素和补充剂的摄入问题，强调了个性化建议的重要性，以及在没有医疗监督的情况下过量摄入可能导致的健康风险。因此，这篇文章主要关注的是定制补充剂消费的重要性。故选D。 D Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes — like swapping a frozen meat lasagne (宽面条) for the vegetarian option — could push the reduction to as much as 71%. Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options. Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households in The George Institute’s FoodSwitch database and global environmental impact databasets. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods (e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub-categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equivalent to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%. The results of the study show the potential to significantly reduce our environmental impact by switching like-for-like products. “It showed that you can switch to lower emissions products while still enjoying nutritious foods,” Dr Gaines added. A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions). “While ecoSwitch is a much-needed first step in providing environmental transparency (透明度) for grocery shoppers, the vision is for compulsive display of a single, standardised sustainability rating system on all supermarket products,” concluded pro f Neal, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at Imperial College London. 12. What’s the function of paragraph 2? A. To set the stage for further explanation. B. To summarize the previous paragraph. C. To give supporting details for the writer’s argument. D. To make a comparison between different countries. 13. Why do researchers make a detailed classification for products? A. To set up a comprehensive database. B. To figure out the detailed food categories. C. To measure emissions reduced by switching food. D. To ensure less air pollution caused by food options. 14. What do we know about ecoSwitch? A. It is popular in high- income countries. B. It checks the emissions of star products. C. It is a measurement system for a supermarket. D. It ensures wiser choices for food purchase. 15. What’s the best title of the text? A. EcoSwitch—a Reminder of Food Safety B. Dietary habits—a Factor of Physical Health C. Food swaps—a Way of Environmental Sustainability D. Greenhouse gas emissions—a Cause of Environmental Crisis 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的澳大利亚研究，该研究探讨了通过选择更环保的食品和饮料替代品来减少家庭杂货购买所产生的温室气体排放。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options.(首席作者艾莉森·盖恩斯博士说：“如果我们想要达到全球排放目标，特别是在像澳大利亚、英国和美国这样的高收入国家，饮食习惯需要发生重大变化。”然而，尽管消费者越来越意识到食品系统对环境的影响，但他们缺乏可靠的信息来识别更环保的选择)”可知，第二段引用了研究的主要作者艾莉森·盖恩斯博士的话，并提到消费者缺乏可靠的信息来识别更环保的选择，为接下来的研究细节和ecoSwitch应用程序的介绍做了铺垫。故选A项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods (e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups.(超过22,000种产品被分配到了主要、次要和子类别的食品(例如“面包和烘焙”、“面包”和“白面包”)以量化通过在同一类别内或跨类别更换产品所节省的排放量)”可知，研究人员对产品进行详细的分类是为了测量更换产品所节省的排放量。故选C项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions).(基于这项研究，目前在澳大利亚已经开发出了一款名为ecoSwitch的免费应用程序。购物者可以使用他们的设备扫描产品的条形码，并检查其‘行星健康评级’，这是一个衡量其排放的指标，以半颗星(高排放)到五颗星(低排放)之间的评分表示)”可知，ecoSwitch是一款免费的应用程序，它允许购物者扫描产品的条形码并检查其“行星健康评级”，从而帮助他们做出更加环保的食物购买决定。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文及文章第一段“Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in  Nature Food . Making bigger changes—like swapping a frozen meat lasagne for the vegetarian option— could push the reduction to as much as 71%.(根据澳大利亚乔治研究所发表在《自然食品》上的一项新研究，将食物和饮料购买转向非常相似但更环保的替代品可以减少家庭杂货产生的温室气体排放超过四分之一(26%)。进行更大的改变——比如用素食选项替换冷冻肉酱宽面条——可以将减排量提高到高达71%)”可知，文章主要讨论的是通过替换相似但更环保的食物选项来减少家庭杂货产生的温室气体排放的可能性，故C项“食物替换——一种环境可持续性的方式”适合作为文章的标题。故选C项。 第二节：(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Human activities have made global rainfall more unstable over the past century, a new study suggests. ____16____. Published Friday in the journal Science, it shows that rainfall variability has increased since the 20th century, ranging from global to regional scales and from daily to seasonal. Rainfall variability refers to the unevenness of rainfall timing and rainfall amount. ____17____ For example, some places may receive a year’s rainfall in just a few days, experience downpours after long dry periods, or rapidly change between droughts and floods. By analyzing a wide range of observational data, the researchers found that rainfall variability has increased by about 75% since the 20th century across the land areas studied, especially in Europe, Australia and eastern North America. ____18____ ____19____ They identified the dominant role of anthropogenic (人为的) emissions of greenhouse gases. “The increase in rainfall variability is mainly due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, which have led to a warmer and more humid atmosphere,” said Wenxia Zhang, lead author of the study. This means that even if the atmospheric circulation remains unchanged, the extra moisture in the air will lead to more intense rainfall events. Large and rapid fluctuations (波动) between extreme climates not only challenge the existing capabilities of contemporary weather and climate prediction systems, but also have chain effects on human society, threatening the economic development, ecosystem functions and terrestrial carbon sinks. ____20____ A. Immediate adaptation measures are crucial to meet these challenges. B. Higher variability may bring more rain in a certain region. C. The study was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. D. To understand the causes of increased rainfall variability, the team furthered the research. E. Higher variability means that rainfall is more unevenly distributed over a period of time, leading to wet and dry periods. F. It was also found that daily variability in global rainfall has increased by 1.2% per decade. G. The study indicates that global rainfall will still increase in the next century. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. D 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇科学研究类说明文。文章主要介绍了人类活动对全球降雨稳定性的影响以及由此带来的挑战。 【16题详解】 上文“Human activities have made global rainfall more unstable over the past century, a new study suggests.(一项新的研究表明，人类活动在过去一个世纪里使全球降雨更加不稳定)”提出了一项新的研究及其发现。C选项“The study was conducted by researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.(这项研究是由中国科学院大气物理研究所的研究人员进行的)”紧接着介绍了这项研究的实施者，为下文详细介绍研究内容做了铺垫，上下文语意衔接自然。故选C项。 【17题详解】 上文“Rainfall variability refers to the unevenness of rainfall timing and rainfall amount.(降雨变异性指的是降雨时间和降雨量的不均匀性)”定义了降雨变异性。E选项“Higher variability means that rainfall is more unevenly distributed over a period of time, leading to wet and dry periods.(更高的变异性意味着降雨在一段时间内分布更加不均匀，导致湿润和干燥的时期)”进一步解释了降雨变异性的含义，即降雨在时间上分布更加不均匀，导致湿润和干燥时期的出现，与上文语意紧密相连。故选E项。 【18题详解】 上文“By analyzing a wide range of observational data, the researchers found that rainfall variability has increased by about 75% since the 20th century across the land areas studied, especially in Europe, Australia and eastern North America.(通过分析广泛的观测数据，研究人员发现，自20世纪以来，在所研究的陆地地区，尤其是欧洲、澳大利亚和北美东部，降雨变异性增加了约75%)”介绍了研究人员通过分析数据得出的发现。F选项“It was also found that daily variability in global rainfall has increased by 1.2% per decade.(还发现，全球日降雨变异性每十年增加1.2%)”继续介绍了研究人员的另一项发现，即全球日降雨变异性的增加情况，与上文内容紧密相关。故选F项。 【19题详解】 下文“They identified the dominant role of anthropogenic (人为的) emissions of greenhouse gases.(他们确定了人为排放温室气体的主导作用)”介绍了研究人员对降雨变异性增加原因的研究发现。D选项“To understand the causes of increased rainfall variability, the team furthered the research.(为了了解降雨变异性增加的原因，研究小组进一步进行了研究)”引出了下文的内容，即研究人员对降雨变异性增加原因的深入研究，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 【20题详解】 上文“Large and rapid fluctuations (波动) between extreme climates not only challenge the existing capabilities of contemporary weather and climate prediction systems, but also have chain effects on human society, threatening the economic development, ecosystem functions and terrestrial carbon sinks.(极端气候之间的大幅度快速波动不仅挑战了当代天气和气候预测系统的现有能力，而且对人类社会产生了连锁效应，威胁到经济发展、生态系统功能和陆地碳汇)”介绍了极端气候之间的大幅度快速波动带来的挑战和威胁。A选项“Immediate adaptation measures are crucial to meet these challenges.(立即采取适应措施对于应对这些挑战至关重要)”提出了应对这些挑战的措施，即立即采取适应措施，与上文内容紧密相关，且为文章结尾提供了合理的建议。故选A项。 第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was seated in the aisle (过道) seat of a three-seater row on the plane to Portugal. A girl, about 5 years old, sat to my right, and her father ____21____ the window seat to her right. I noticed the little girl looking at me and the screen in front of me with a ____22____ expression from time to time. To ____23____ her, I switched to an animated motion picture. I chose Portuguese subtitles (字幕) to ____24____ my language skills and in case the little girl wanted to ____25____ along. It was a good move since the child became ____26____ on my screen. The little one ____27____ resting her head on me and hugging my arm. Her father would ____28____ her toward him whenever he realized what she was doing. ____29____, her restless little body would find its way back to me. After several ____30____ of this pattern, I motioned that I was OK with the little girl claiming my arm as her personal body pillow for the ____31____ of the flight. He smiled gratefully and fell into sleep. I have a ____32____ of flying, but having a little one to care for put my mind at ease. Honestly, it felt great to be ____33____ by both the child and her father. Our ____34____ willingness to treat each other simply as friendly people created a safe, respectful, and engaging environment among ____35____ during a nine-hour flight. 21. A. won B. adjusted C. occupied D. moved 22. A. simple B. curious C. similar D. clear 23. A. engage B. frighten C. persuade D. praise 24. A. call out for B. make away with C. brush up on D. get down to 25. A. sing B. read C. walk D. play 26. A. connected B. recognized C. focused D. informed 27. A. suggested B. minded C. admitted D. kept 28. A. shift B. follow C. point D. wave 29. A. Therefore B. Besides C. Otherwise D. Nevertheless 30. A. examples B. attempts C. services D. attacks 31. A. destination B. safety C. departure D. duration 32. A. dream B. fear C. cost D. future 33. A. trusted B. invited C. favored D. tolerated 34. A. recent B. average C. collective D. changeable 35. A. strangers B. neighbors C. pilots D. attendants 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在飞往葡萄牙的飞机上，遇到了一个5岁的小女孩，女孩对作者的屏幕感兴趣，一直挨着作者，女孩的父亲也逐渐信任了作者。能同时得到孩子和她父亲的信任作者感激很棒。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个大约5岁的女孩坐在我的右边，她的父亲坐在她右边靠窗的座位上。A. won赢得；B. adjusted调整；C. occupied占据；D. moved移动。根据后文“the window seat to her right”指女孩的父亲占据了右边靠窗的座位。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我注意到那个小女孩不时带着好奇的表情看着我和我面前的屏幕。A. simple简单的；B. curious好奇的；C. similar相似的；D. clear清楚的。根据上文“I noticed the little girl looking at me and the screen in front of me”可知，女孩因为好奇时不时看作者的屏幕。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了吸引她，我换了一部动画电影。A. engage吸引；B. frighten使害怕；C. persuade说服；D. praise赞美。根据后文“I switched to an animated motion picture.”可知，换动画电影是为了吸引女孩注意。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我选择了葡萄牙语字幕来提高我的语言技能，以防小女孩想跟着我一起读。A. call out for召唤；B. make away with偷走；C. brush up on复习；D. get down to开始做。根据上文“I was seated in the aisle seat of a three-seater row on the plane to Portugal.(在飞往葡萄牙的飞机上，我坐在一排三个座位的靠过道的座位上)”可知，作者选择葡萄牙语字幕是为了复习自己的语言技能，因为马上要去葡萄牙了。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我选择了葡萄牙语字幕来提高我的语言技能，以防小女孩想跟着我一起读。A. sing唱歌；B. read阅读；C. walk散步；D. play玩耍。根据上文“I chose Portuguese subtitles to”可知，切换字幕是为了方便小女孩阅读。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个很好的举动，因为孩子开始把注意力集中在我的屏幕上。A. connected连接的；B. recognized被认可得；C. focused集中的；D. informed有知识的。根据上文“It was a good move since the child became”指女孩开始把注意力集中在屏幕上。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个小家伙一直把头靠在我身上，搂着我的胳膊。A. suggested建议；B. minded介意；C. admitted承认；D. kept保持。根据后文“resting her head on me and hugging my arm”可知，小女孩一直把头靠在作者身上，搂着作者的胳膊，此处为短语keep doing sth.表示“不停做某事，一直做某事”。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当她的父亲意识到她在做什么时，他就会把她转移到他身边。A. shift转移，转换；B. follow跟随；C. point指出；D. wave挥动。根据后文“her toward him whenever he realized what she was doing”可知，女孩的父亲看到女孩一直挨着作者，就把女孩转移到自己身边。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她那躁动不安的小身体总会找到回到我身边的路。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. Otherwise否则；D. Nevertheless然而。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用nevertheless，故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种模式下尝试了几次之后，我示意小女孩在飞行期间把我的手臂当作她的私人身体枕头，我可以接受。A. examples例子；B. attempts尝试；C. services服务；D. attacks攻击。根据后文“of this pattern”以及上文可知，指女孩想要挨着作者，而父亲不让她这么做，所以是指在这种模式下尝试了几次之后，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种模式下尝试了几次之后，我示意小女孩在飞行期间把我的手臂当作她的私人身体枕头，我可以接受。A. destination目的地；B. safety安全；C. departure离开；D. duration持续，期间。根据上文“I motioned that I was OK with the little girl claiming my arm as her personal body pillow for the”指作者让女孩在飞行期间把自己的手臂当做身体枕头，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我害怕坐飞机，但有了一个小家伙，我就放心了。A. dream梦想；B. fear恐惧；C. cost花费；D. future未来。根据后文“but having a little one to care for put my mind at ease”中but表示转折，说明作者一开始是害怕坐飞机的，有了小女孩作者就放心了。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老实说，能同时得到孩子和她父亲的信任感觉很棒。A. trusted信任；B. invited邀请；C. favored支持；D. tolerated忍受。根据上文“it felt great to be”以及女孩和作者之间的互动，女孩挨着作者，把作者的手当做枕头可知，父女很信任作者。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在9个小时的飞行中，我们把彼此当作友好的人来对待的共同的意愿为陌生人创造了一个安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。A. recent最近的；B. average平均的；C. collective共同的；D. changeable可变的。根据后文“willingness to treat each other simply as friendly people created a safe, respectful, and engaging environment”可知，作者与小女孩之间的帮助与安慰，这里是指把彼此当作友好的人来对待的共同意愿为陌生人创造了一个安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在9个小时的飞行中，我们把彼此当作友好的人来对待的共同意愿为陌生人创造了一个安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。A. strangers陌生人；B. neighbors邻居；C. pilots飞行员；D. attendants服务员。根据上文“treat each other simply as friendly people”以及作者并不认识这对父女，所以此处指为陌生人创造了安全、尊重和吸引人的环境。故选A。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Atbai Desert, a part of the Sahara Desert, is one of the ____36____ (dry) places on Earth, with a sandy and barren landscape that averages zero millimeters of rainfall each year. So, archaeologists were surprised when they discovered rock art showing boats and cattle in an area ____37____ is 60 miles away from the closest body of water. “It was surprising to find cattle ____38____ (carve) on desert rock walls as they require plenty of water and wide-open grassland, and would not survive in Sahara today,” said Julien Cooper, an archaeologist from Macquarie University. “The discovery of boat ____39____ (image) in the rock art this distant from lakes and rivers was also surprising.” Archaeologists believe the discovery provides clear evidence supporting the theory of ____40____ once “Green Sahara” around 3,000 B. C. E. During this period, the area was a grassy plain with lakes and rivers ____41____ (sustain) a variety of wildlife and human activities such as cattle herding. However, changes in African monsoon (季风) patterns transformed the Sahara ____42____ the barren desert we know today. ____43____ (current), only hardy animals like camels and goats can survive there. The rock art’s detailed carvings suggest that the creators spent plenty of time in the area, further indicating that the region ____44____ (be) once supportive of human life. As the climate grew unforgiving many residents were forced to migrate closer to the Nile, contributing to the formation of early urban states and culture in Egypt and Nubia. The discovery offers valuable insight into the changes that _____45_____ (occur) in the Sahara over the past thousands of years. 【答案】36. driest 37. that##which 38. carved 39. images 40. a 41. sustaining 42 into 43. Currently 44. was 45. have occurred 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述在撒哈拉沙漠的Atbai Desert发现了岩画，这些岩画展示了船只和牛群，尽管该地区距离最近的水体有60英里远。这一发现支持了关于公元前3000年左右曾经存在“绿色撒哈拉”的理论。 【36题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：阿特拜沙漠是撒哈拉沙漠的一部分，是地球上最干燥的地方之一，平均每年降雨量为零毫米。one of the后应跟形容词的最高级形式，表示“最……之一”。dry的最高级是driest。故填driest。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：因此，当考古学家在距离最近的水源60英里的地区发现描绘船只和牛的岩石艺术时，他们感到惊讶。此处需要一个关系代词来引导定语从句，先行词是an area，在从句中做主语，因此使用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“在沙漠岩壁上发现牛的雕刻令人惊讶，因为它们需要大量的水和广阔的草地，而在今天的撒哈拉沙漠中无法生存，”麦克里大学的考古学家朱利安·库珀说。空白处在句子中作定语，carve(雕刻)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语cattle之间是动宾关系，表示“牛被雕刻在沙漠岩壁上”，因此使用过去分词carved作后置定语。故填carved。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：“在离湖泊和河流这么远的地方，岩石艺术中发现船只的图象也令人惊讶。”image是可数名词，根据语境可知，此处指的是多艘船的图象，因此使用复数形式images。故填images。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：考古学家认为这一发现清楚地证明了公元前3000年左右曾经存在一个“绿色撒哈拉”的理论。此处需用不定冠词a/an泛指一个“绿色撒哈拉”的理论，辅音音素单词前需用不定冠词a。故填a。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在这一时期，该地区是一个长满草的平原，拥有湖泊和河流，支撑着各种野生动物和人类活动，如放牧牛群。was是谓语动词，sustain(支撑)作后置定语，与其逻辑主语lakes and rivers之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此使用现在分词sustaining表主动，作后置定语。故填sustaining。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：然而，非洲季风模式变化将撒哈拉变成了我们今天所知的荒芜沙漠。transform...into...是固定短语，意为“把……变成……”。故填into。 43题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前，只有像骆驼和山羊这样耐寒的动物才能在那里生存。此处需要一个副词来修饰整个句子，表示时间上的“目前”，用副词currently，句首单词首字母大写。故填Currently。 【44题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：岩石艺术的精细雕刻表明创作者在该地区花费了大量时间，进一步表明该地区曾经能够支持人类生活。提示词作宾语从句谓语，此处描述的是过去的情况，因此使用一般过去时态。region是单数名词，因此be动词使用was。故填was。 【45题详解】 考查时态。句意：这一发现为过去几千年撒哈拉沙漠发生的变化提供了宝贵的见解。提示词作定语从句谓语，根据时间状语over the past thousands of years可知，此处描述的是过去几千年间发生的事情对现在的影响，因此使用现在完成时。主语that(即先行词changes)是复数名词，因此助动词使用have。故填have occurred。 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节：(满分15分) 46. 随着社会的发展，心理健康越来越受到人们的关注。10月10日是“世界精神卫生日”。假定你是李华，请你给校长就如何改善学生心理健康状况写一封信。 内容包括：(1)心理健康的重要性；(2)你的建议及理由。 注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)可以适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Principal, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Principal, I hope this letter finds you well. As we observe World Mental Health Day on October 10th, I would like to bring to your attention the critical issue of student mental health. In today’s fast-paced and competitive environment, maintaining good mental health is essential for our overall well-being and academic success. To support our mental health, I suggest implementing regular mental health awareness programs. These could include workshops led by professionals that teach coping strategies and stress management techniques. Additionally, establishing a school counseling center where students can seek help confidentially would provide a safe space for those in need. Such initiatives not only foster a supportive community but also reduce the stigma associated with seeking help. Thank you for considering these suggestions. I believe they will contribute positively to our school environment. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就如何改善学生心理健康状况给校长写一封信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 意识：awareness →consciousness 此外：additionally →besides/furthermore/moreover 与……相关的：associated with→related to 有助于：contribute to → lead to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To support our mental health, I suggest implementing regular mental health awareness programs. 拓展句：To support our mental health, I suggest that we implement regular mental health awareness programs. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As we observe World Mental Health Day on October 10th, I would like to bring to your attention the critical issue of student mental health. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】Additionally, establishing a school counseling center where students can seek help confidentially would provide a safe space for those in need. (运用了动名词作主语和where引导的定语从句) 第二节：(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My pulse quickened as my feet took me closer and closer to the door. In my head, I could hear the words my father kept telling me, “Do it, Stephanie. You never do anything for yourself. Just set it up.” I felt my lungs filled with air and released it. “Did you sign up?” my father asked. When he saw the drumsticks in my hand, he smiled and then came to hug me. Wednesday came, and along with it was my first drum lesson. I walked through the door and headed directly to the seating area in the back. My hands kept fidgeting (摆弄) with the sticks. I kept nervously looking at the time. I tried to slow down my breath. I knew the teacher would say I was not the right type of person to play the drums. I turned around to see an old man looking at me. “Stephanie? I’m Mike, the drum teacher,” he said. He led me to a room. There were two drum sets, and he told me to sit at the one close to the door. Out of the door gathered the crowd, chatting and chuckling. People made me nervous. That’s the way I’d always been. But Mike had a very calm manner, so I relaxed just slightly. Not only did he not tell me that I was the wrong type of person to play the drums, but he praised me on how well I held the sticks and followed along with him. I learned how to read simple sheets of music, but then my thirty- minute lesson was over. Walking back to my father’s car, I felt the energy beaming from within me. It was the first time that I had done something purely for my enjoyment, something just for myself. I practiced as much as I could throughout the week. Even my four-year-old dog Pluto often complained that I never played with it. My second lesson came, and I played the sheets of music for Mike. I noticed as I played that Mike’s concentration became more and more apparent. When I finished the whole lesson, Mike said “You played that perfectly!” 注意：(1)续写词数应为150左右；(2)开头已给出。 Paragraph 1: After months of playing, one day, Mike invited me to play at a small concert. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Walking up on the stage, I took a deep breath and sat at the drum set. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 After months of playing, one day, Mike invited me to play at a small concert. Practicing drumming became an essential part of my daily routine. The hours spent honing my skills were not just about mastering the instrument; they’re about discipline and love. My father, watching with a gentle smile, often stood by the door. His words of encouragement soothed my anxiety. With each nod of his head and every proud grin, my determination skyrocketed. Finally, the big day came. Walking up on the stage, I took a deep breath and sat at the drum set. Lights flashing, I began to play. My hands moved swiftly, striking the drumheads with precision and power, each hits ending vibrations through the air that seemed to capture the audience’s hearts. The rhythm intensified, building like a storm, and the crowd watched in awe, their eyes glued to my every move. As the final beat hit, the air was filled with an electrifying energy, and the yard erupted in applause. Their applause was recognition to the power of music and me. “Stephanie, yes, you can do anything that you like!” I grinned with delight, drumsticks in my hands. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者喜欢打鼓，但父亲并不看好作者。最后是迈克老师鼓励了作者，邀请作者参加音乐会演奏，作者通过不懈努力，最后证明了自己。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“演奏了几个月后，有一天，迈克邀请我在一个小型音乐会上演奏”可知，第一段可描写作者为了音乐会坚持练习，父亲也鼓励作者。 ②由第二段首句内容“走上舞台，我深吸了一口气，坐在架子鼓前”可知，第二段可描写作者演出的结果以及作者对此感悟。 2.续写线索：邀请去演奏——花时间练习——父亲鼓励——下定决心——完成演出——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①爆发：erupt in/burst into ②充满：be filled with /be full of ③捕捉：capture/catch 情绪类 ①爱：love/affection ②高兴：delight/joy 【点睛】[高分句型1] Practicing drumming became an essential part of my daily routine. (运用了动名词作主语) [高分句型2] As the final beat hit, the air was filled with an electrifying energy, and the yard erupted in applause. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$