Unit 14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7.（知识清单）英语人教版九年级全一册

Unit 14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade7 Unit 14 话题 School days (学校生活） 词汇 1. 调查n._______________ 2. 标准；水平n._______________ 3. 一排；一列；一行n._______________ 4. 键盘式电子乐器；键盘n._______________ 5. 指示；命令n._______________ 6. 加倍；是……的两倍v. 两倍的；加倍的adj._______________ 7. 将要；将会modal v._______________ 8. 克服；战胜 v. _______________ 9. 毕业；获得学位 v. _______________ 毕业n._______________ 10. 体贴人的；关心他人的adj. _______________ 11. 我们的pron._______________ 12. 级别高的adj. _______________ 13. 课文；文本n._______________ 教材；课本n. 14. 水平n._______________ 15. 学位；度数；程度n._______________学+科+网Z+X+X+K] 16. 经理；经营者n._______________ 经营；管理v. 17. 先生；绅士n._______________ 18. 典礼；仪式n._______________ 19. 祝贺v. _______________ 恭喜；祝贺n. 20. 渴望的；口渴的adj. _______________ 21. 感谢；感激adj. _______________ 感谢v. 22. 最后adv. _______________ 23. 任务；工作n._______________ 24. 向前面；在前面adv. _______________ 25. 有责任心的adj. _______________责任n. 26. 单独的；分离的adj.分开；分离v. _______________ 27. 翅膀；翼n._______________ 短语 1. 连续几次地___________________________ 2. 回首（往事）；回忆；回顾___________________________ 3. 弄得一团糟（一塌糊涂）___________________________ 4. 沉住气；保持冷静___________________________ 5. 高中___________________________ 6. （时间）逝去；过去___________________________ 7. 信任；信赖___________________________ 8. 首先___________________________ 9. 渴求；渴望___________________________ 10. 对某人心存感激___________________________ 11. 在……前面___________________________ 12. 连同；除……以外还___________________________ 13. 对……有责任；负责任___________________________ 14. 出发；启程___________________________ 15. 分离；隔开___________________________ 16. 做调查 17.对...有耐心 18.解决；计算出；外出健身 19.克服恐惧的骄傲 20. 做某事的关键 句型 1. I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7. 我记得在7年级见过你们所有人。 2. Someone was advised to take a break from running by a teacher. 有人被老师建议不要跑步，休息一下。 3. Which teachers will you miss the most after junior high school, Clara? 初中毕业后你最想念哪个老师？ 4. She helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter how difficult they were. 无论多么难的问题她总是帮助你自己算出答案。 5. He always took the time to explain things to me clearly whenever I couldn't understand anything. 每当我不能理解的时候，他总是花时间把事情对我解释清楚。 6. Because of her, I put more effort and my exam scores doubled. 因为她，我付出更多努力，所以我的考试分数翻倍提高。 7. The many long hours of training. Pride of overcoming fear. 无数个小时的训练。战胜恐惧后脸上的豪气。 8. First of all, I'd like to congratulate all the students who are here today. 首先，我要祝贺今天在这里所有的学生。 9. But today I see a room full of talented young adults who are full of hope for the future. 但今天我看到一屋子充满天赋的并对未来充满希望的年青人。 10. Although you’ve all worked very hard over the last three years, none of you did it alone. 在过去的三年里虽然你们已经非常的努力，但是你们中谁也不是独自就能成功的。 11. Please consider what they’ve done for you and what they mean to you. 请认真考虑他们为你们所做的，想想他们对你们意味着什么。 12. I don't need to tell you that life in senior high school will be harder that you have many difficult tasks ahead of you.我不需要告诉你们高中的生活会更加艰苦，在你们的面前有许多困难的任务。 13. Behind each door you open are chances to learn new things, and you have the ability to make your own choices.你们打开的每扇门的后面是你们学习新鲜事物的机会，你们有能力做出自己的选择。 14. Choose wisely and be responsible for your decisions and actions. Although you have to go your separate way now, I hope that in a few years’ time, you’ll come back to visit our school. 明智的选择并对自己的决定和行为负责。虽然现在你们不得不踏上分手之路， 但我希望几年以后你们能回来参观我们的学校。 15. As you set out on your new journey, you shouldn't forget where you came from. The future is yours. 当你们踏上新的旅程， 你们不应该忘记从哪里来。未来是你们的。 语法 非谓语动词； 写作 School days (学校生活） 答案：Ⅰ.Words 1. survey 2. standard 3. row 4. keyboard 5. instruction 6. double 7. shall 8. overcome 9. graduate,graduation 10. caring 11. ours 12. senior 13. text, textbook 14. level 15. degree 16.manager,manage 17. gentleman 18. ceremony 19.congratulate,congratulation 20. thirsty 21. thankful 22. lastly 23.task 24. ahead 25. responsible 26. separate 27. wing Ⅱ.Phrases & expressions 1. in a row 2. look back at 3. make a mess 4. keep one’s cool 5. senior high school 6. go by 7. believe in 8. first of all 9. be thirsty for 10. be thankful to sb 11. ahead of 12. along with 13. be responsible for 14. set out 15. separate from 16.make a survey 17.be patient with 18.work out 19.pride of overcoming fear 20.the key to doing 考点1 strict adj.严厉的；严格的 【例句】He grew up in a strict family.他在一个严格的家庭长大。 【辨析】be strict with 与be strict in be strict with 意为“对某人要求严格” be strict in (about) 意为“对某物/某事要求严格” Our teacher is strict with us and he is also strict in his work. 我们的老师对我们严格要求，并且他对他的工作也严格要求。 【经典练】 1．The teacher is strict ________ his students and ________ his work. A．in; with B．with; in C．in; in D．with; with 2．Miss Wang is very strict ________ us and she is strict ________ everything she does. A．with, in B．with, with C．at, in D．with, for 考点2 patience的用法 【教材原句】 I know that Ms.Lee was always patient with you in math class. 【句型剖析】be patient with 对……有耐心 patient adj. 忍耐的；有耐心的 n. 病人 patience [U]n. 耐心 be patient to do sth 耐心做某事 The doctor is very patient with his patients. 那位医生对他的病人十分有耐心。 He is patient to queue at the bus stop every day. 他每天都耐心地在公共汽车站排队。 My patience has completely run out. 我的耐心彻底没了。 【经典练】 1．He is a ________ teacher, and he explains every problem to his students with great ________. A．patiently; patience B．patiently; patient C．patient; patience D．patient; patient 2．— Mom, hurry up. We’ll be late for the party. — I’ll be downstairs in a minute. Have a little ________, please. A．time B．manner C．patience 考点3.no matter how的用法 【教材原句】She helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter how difficult they were. 【句型剖析】 no matter how意为＂无论怎样＂，相当于however，引导让步状语从句。 No matter how far we are from you, we will miss you. 不论我们离你多远，我们都会想念你。 【知识拓展】 ＂no matter疑问词＂结构 no matter who/what/when等引导让步状语从句时，可与whoever，whatever，whenever等转换。 No matter who/Whoever knocks, don’t open the door. 不管谁敲门，都不要开门。 No matter when you arrive, call me. 无论你何时抵达，打给我。 No matter what you think, he’s a nice person. 无论你怎么想，他是个好人。 No matter how hard it is, don’t give up. 无论有多难，都别放弃。 【经典练】 1．The boy doesn’t want to eat anything no matter ________ delicious the food is. A．what B．how C．that 2．________ you drive, you must drive carefully. A．No matter how well B．Even though C．Ever since 【写作佳句】 No matter how hard I tried, I still couldn’t do well in it and almost gave it up. 考点 4.shall的用法 【教材原句】Shall we get each of them a card and gift to say thank you? 我们给他们每人一张卡片和一份礼物来表示感谢，好吗？ 【句型剖析】（1）shall的主语必须是第一人称I或we，句型＂Shall/we...?＂表示建议或征求对方意见，意为＂我/我们可以……吗?＂或＂……好吗?＂。对此类表建议的句型作肯定回答时，常用＂Good idea./Sure./Certainly. /Yes, let’s...＂ 等。 Shall I open the window and close the door? 我把窗户打开，把门关上，好吗？ （2）shall作情态动词，意为＂将要；将会＂，其后接动词原形，表示一般将来时，用在陈述句中时其主语必须是第一人称。 Next week I shall be in Scotland. 下周我就在苏格兰了。 【经典练】 1．—Please tell me ________ Kong Fu Panda 4. —At ten o’clock. A．when shall we see B．when we shall see C．where shall we see D．where we shall see 2．— Shall we go to the park to skate? There’s thick ice on the lake. —________! I like skating. A．It’s bad luck B．Sounds great C．I can’t believe it D．That’s a pity 考点5. whenever的用法 【教材原句】 He always took the time to explain things to me clearly whenever I couldn’t understand anything. 【句型剖析】take the time to do sth.表示＂花费时间做某事＂；explain sth. to sb.表示＂给某人解释某事＂。 Our English teacher often takes the time to explain the text to us.我们的英语老师经常花费时间给我们解释课文。 whenever 作连词或副词，具体用法如下： (1) 作连词，意为“任何时候，不论何时”。例如： Come whenever you like. 你什么时候想来就来。 (2) 作连词，意为“每当、每逢、每次”。例如： Whenever we see him we speak to him. 每次见到他，我们都和他说话。 You seem to have a ready-made answer, whenever I ask you a question. 每逢我问你问题, 你总好像有现成的答案。 (3) 作副词，意为“任何时间”，“任何时候”。例如： On Monday, Wednesday or whenever. 星期一，星期三或随便什么时候。　 It’s not urgent，so we can do it next week or whenever. 不是急事，我们可以下星期做或其他时候做。 (4) 作副词，意为“究竟什么时候”。例如： Whenever did you buy that? 那你到底是什么时候买的? 【经典练】 1．________ you need help, please send me an e-mail or call me. A．However B．Whenever C．Wherever 2．_________ students make mistakes, we teachers should face them with patience. A．Whatever B．Whenever C．However D．Wherever 【写作佳句】 Whenever I meet a difficulty, I’ll look up in reference books or search for an answer online.. 考点6. cool用法 【教材原句】I’m trying to keep my cool. 【句型剖析】cool 作名词，表示“冷静”。keep one’s cool 意为“保持沉着，不让自己失去控制”。例如： Even when you argue, you should try to keep your cool. 即使在争辩时，你也要尽力保持冷静。 【拓展】 (1) cool 用作名词时，还可意为“凉爽；凉爽的时间(或地方)”。例如：　　 She walked into the cool of the hallway. 她走入了凉爽的过道。 (2) cool 用作形容词时，意为“凉爽的；冷静的，沉着的”，常做定语或表语。例如： The hall is nice and cool. 大厅既漂亮又凉爽。 Be cool. Everything will be all right. 冷静一点，一切都会没问题的。 (3) cool 也可用于口语中，意为“很棒的，极好的，酷”。例如： That singing star is really cool. 那位歌星实在很棒。 【经典练】 1．—I’m afraid of the coming exam. —________ Mr. Cheng said it would be easy for us. A．Keep your cool! B．Work hard! C．Good luck! 2．—I have applied to be a volunteer for the 2022 Asian Games. —________! It will be a meaningful experience and you can benefit a lot from it. A．You bet B．That’s cool C．Have fun 【写作佳句】 As for the weather, it’s a little hot in Beijing in summer, so please bring some cool clothes. 考点7.consider的用法 【教材原句】 Please consider what they’ve done for you and what they mean to you. 【句型剖析】consider作动词，意为“考虑，认为”。它的后面跟名词、动名词或者从句作宾语。例如： Please consider my suggestion. 请考虑我的建议。 Why don’t you consider visiting Qing Dao？你为什么不考虑去青岛参观？ I consider that he is a selfish man. 我认为他是一个自私的人。 【拓展】后接动名词作宾语的动词及短语可参考以下归纳： 完成，实践，值得，忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）； 考虑，建议，不禁，想（consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like）； 错过，习惯，（别）放弃（miss, be used to, give up）； 继续，喜欢，（要）介意（keep on, enjoy, mind）。 【经典练】 1．“I’m considering ________ to Hainan to spend the Spring Festival”, the woman said to her best friend. A．to fly B．flying C．fly D．few 2．—I’ve no idea where to spend my coming winter holiday. —Why not ________ visiting Sanya? It’s a perfect place for winter. A．suggest B．mind C．consider D．avoid 3．My family consider ________ a computer, which is considered ________ a great help in our work and study. A．to buy; to be B．buying; being C．to buy; being D．buying; to be 【写作佳句】 Second, I will keep watching English movies and it is considered to be the best way to learn about Western culture. 考点8.First of all的用法 【教材原句】 First of all, I’d like to congratulate all the students who are here today. 【句型剖析】first of all意为“首先，第一” 常常放在句首，后用逗号隔开，表示重要性上的先后。例如： First of all, let me tell you the news. 首先，让我告诉你这个消息。 【拓展】at first意为“开始，起初”，强调顺序上的先后。例如： At first, let me introduce my friend Mike to you. Then… 首先，我来给你介绍一下我的朋友Mike，然后…… At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing. 最初他拒不承认有任何责任, 到头来还是道了歉。 【经典练】 1．I think English is hard for me. ________, I don’t know the grammar. A．At first B．First of all C．Not at all D．On the other hand 2．—What rules do I have to keep while working here? —__________, you must always wear your uniform. A．By the way B．From then on C．First of all D．Believe it or not 【写作佳句】 First of all, Canton Tower is so grand and beautiful especially in the evening that you can't help being fascinated by it． 考点9.although的用法 【教材原句】 Although you have to go your separate ways now, I hope that in a few years’ time,you’ll come back to visit our school. 【句型剖析】although的意思是＂尽管，虽然＂，引导让步状语从句。 Although he is a little child, he knows a lot. 虽然他是个小孩子，但是他知道很多。 that引导的是宾语从句，作动词hope的宾语。 I hope that I can visit the Great Wall some day. 我希望有一天我能够去参观长城。 in a few years’ time的意思是＂在未来几年的时间里＂，采用了＂in+一段时间＂结构，在句中作状语，主句使用一般将来时。 I will leave in five hours. 五个小时后我将离开。 【经典练】 1．________ life is full of pressure, ________ learning to deal with pressure can lead to a brighter future. A．/; although B．Although; / C．Although; but D．But; although 2．Li Ming is always the first one to be in the classroom ________ he lives far from our school. He’s a hard-working student that we should learn from. A．although B．because C．when 【写作佳句】 Although I couldn't swim very well, I was very happy. 考点10.whom的用法 【教材原句】 It is always hard to separate from those whom you have spent so much time with for the past three years. 【句型剖析】 whom引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词those, whom在定语从句中作spent的宾语。 This is the man whom I talk with. 这就是我和他谈话的那个人。 【易混辨析】 separate... from...，divide... into... (1)separate...from...表示＂将……与……分开＂，指把原来连在一起或接近的部分分隔开来。 This patient should be separated from the others. 这个病人应该隔离。 (2)divide...into...表示把某个整块分割为若干部分。 The world is divided into seven continents. 世界被分成七大洲。 【经典练】 1．His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________ family was poor. A．of whom B．whom C．of whose D．whose 2．— Sam, come here. The exhibits are so beautiful! — No ________ in the museum, Lisa. You need to keep quiet. A．wonder B．shouting C．good 考点11.祈使句的用法 【教材原句】 Never fail to be thankful to the people around you. 【句型剖析】祈使句的否定表达： (1).Don't + 动词原形 Don't stand up. 别站起来。 Don't be careless. 别粗心。 Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 (2).Let's ( let sb ) + not + 动词原形 Let's not say anything about it. 对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。 Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 (3).在公共场合的提示语中,否定祈使句常用No+名词/V-ing形式结构,表示禁止做某事 NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照! (4).在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don't,构成Don't be+其它成分。 Don't be careless.不要粗心。 【经典练】 1．Friendship is like treasure. If a friend of yours is in need, ________ your best to help him or her to show your kindness. A．try B．to try C．trying 2．Be sure to do physical exercise from time to time, ________ you may get overweight again. A．and B．or C．but D．for 考点12.倒装的用法 【教材原句】 Behind each door you open are chances to learn new things, and you have the ability to make your own choice. 【句型剖析】 “you open”是省略that/which引导的定语从句。 此句为倒装句，原句顺序为：Chances to learn new things are behind each door you open，主语为chances属于复数形式，因此be动词用are，倒装句起强调作用，强调主语chances。 固搭：have the ability to do sth. 意为“有能力做某事。” 【经典练】 1．—Sam keeps cleaning the river once a week. —________. She usually cleans it on Sunday morning. A．So does Kate B．So can Sam C．So she does 2．Not only __________ a successful writer but _________ the greatest poet of his time. A．was he; was he B．was he; he was C．he was; he was D．he was; was he 【写作佳句】 Only in this way can we become a good Chinese learner. 要点13 look back at和 look forward to 1.look back at回首（往事）；回忆；回顾 Look back at the jobs you hated, and you can find them helpful in fact. 回想一下你不喜欢的那些工作，你会发现实际上它们都很有用。 I never look back at the old days with regret. 我从不怀着懊悔的心情回顾过去。 2.look forward to look forward to 意思是“期待，盼望”，to是介词，后面接名词或者动名词。例如： I look forward to being alone in the house. 我盼望能自己一人在这所房子。 We look forward to the return of spring. 我们期待着春天的到来。 【拓展】 与look有关的常用短语： look out 当心 look through 浏览 look over 仔细检查 look after 照顾 look for 寻找 look like 看起来像 look out of 向外看 look up 查阅 要点14 prepare for 为……做准备 They are preparing for the math test. 他们正忙为数学考试做准备。 【拓展】prepare的其他用法 （1）作为及物动词，其后接双宾语。即prepare sb. sth.= prepare sth. for sb., 意为“为某人准备某物”。其后也可接动词不定式作宾语，即prepare to do sth. 意为“准备做某事”。 The hostess prepared much food for the guests. 女主人为客人们准备了大量的食物。 We prepared to set out when it began to rain heavily. 我们正准备出发时，突然下起了大雨。 (2)作为不及物动词，意为“准备”，常用于prepare for sth., 意为“为……做准备”。 We are preparing for the coming exams. 我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。 （3）其名词形式为preparation，意为“准备；预备”。 You can’t make great progress in your study without good preparation. 不好好准备，你就不可能在学习方面取得巨大进步。 要点15 pride的词形变化级短语用法： ① pride (n.) 骄傲，自豪------->常用短语：take pride in……为……感到骄傲 ② proud (adj.) 骄傲的，自豪的------->常用短语：be proud of……为……感到骄傲 要点16 believe in 信任；信赖 believe in意为“信赖；信任”，其后接名词或代词作宾语，常表示“信任、信赖某人（的人格、力量等。）”或“相信某人/某事物的存在”。 辨析believe与believe in Believe 指相信某人说的话是真的或相信某事会发生(或已经发生)。 believe in 指信任某人或信仰某事物,表示“相信……的存在”或“相信……的价值”,接人作宾语指相信 某人的人格,强调品质。 例如: I could hardly believe my eyes.我几乎不能相信自己的眼睛。 We do not believe in ghosts.我们不信有鬼。 Mrs. Chen believes in all of them and tells them to “go for it”．P109 陈老师相信他们所有人，并告诉他们“放手向前” 3) believe in sb. 信任某人 believe sb. 相信某人说的话 The students believe in John. 学生信任约翰。 I believe what you said. 我相信你说的话。 拓展：believe it or not 信不信由你 belief n. 信任；信念；信仰 disbelief n. 不信；怀疑 in disbelief 难以置信地 believable adj. 可信的 unbelievable adj. 难以置信的 要点17 deal with处理；应付 deal with意为“处理；应付”，是固定搭配。 I think this problem should be dealt with quickly. 我认为这个问题应该尽快处理。 【拓展】do with和deal with两个短语可以进行互换。 I want to know how they deal with the problem. =I want to know what they do with the problem.我想知道他们如何处理这个问题。 【辨析】deal with与do with deal with 常与疑问词how连用 do with 常与疑问词what连用 What did you do with your old books? 你如何处理你的旧书？ How do you deal with your homework? 你如何处理你的家庭作业？ 要点18 separate （1）separate作形容词，意为“单独的；分开的”。例如： We offer separate classes for students to learn Chinese in different ways. 我们提供分班授课，让不同的学生以不同的方式学习中文。 （2）separate作动词，意为“分开；隔开”。例如： Even numerous mountains and rivers cannot separate our friendship. 纵然是万水千山也隔不断我们的情谊。 【拓展】 separately作副词，意为“单独地；分别地”。例如： Please be sure that you wrap each item separately. 请确保独立地包装每件物品。 辨析：separate和divide separate：把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来，separate… from… 把…与...分开 Please separate the white shirts from the colored ones. 请把白衬衫与彩色的衬衫分开。divide：划分，把整体分成若干部分，divide…into…把…分成… The apple is divided into two parts. 这个苹果被分成两部分。 拓展：go one’s separate ways 各奔东西；分道扬镳 separate… from… 把…与...分开 be separated from… 被与…分隔开 要点19 set out 出发；动身；启程 (set – set – set - setting) We set out for the Great Wall at 10:30. 我们十点半出发去长城。 They set out to build a new house for the old man. 他们着手给老人建新房子。 拓展：set out for + 地点 出发前往某地 set out to do sth. = set about (doing) sth 开始 / 着手做某事 set out on a new journey 动身踏上新旅程 set off 动身；出发；点燃 (set off fireworks 放烟火set off the alarm 使警报响起) set up 开办；建立 set down 写下；制定 set an example (to…) 给…树立榜样 set sb. free 释放某人 a set of sth 一套...；一组... tea set 一套茶具 要点20 effort Effort (1) 表示一般性的努力(即表泛指意义)，通常是不可数名词。若强调一次一次具体的努力，通常是可数名词，尤其与all, these等修饰语连用。例如： His success depends upon effort and ability. 他是否成功取决于他的努力和能力。 In spite of his efforts he failed. 他虽然做了努力，还是失败了。 （2）effort后接动词，通常用不定式，有时也用“at＋动名词”。例如： He made every effort to get it/ at getting it. 他竭尽全力想得到它。 （3）表示“做出努力”时，通常“make an effort” 这样的形式，该结构中的不定冠词(an)也可根据情况换成 another, every, one more, no 等限定词，但不能没有限定词。例如： She made every effort to be a good student. 她努力要做个好学生。 【注意】若没有限定词，effort 就应用复数。例如： The prisoner made efforts to escape, but he failed. 那个犯人企图越狱，但没有成功。 要点21 hope的用法 hope一词意为希望。在使用时应该注意以下几点： (1) 从说话语气上看，hope用于表示可能实现的事情，后接从句时，用陈述语序。如： I hope I shall see him again .我希望再次见到他。 (2) 从含义上看，hope多用于指对好事的盼望、预想；对坏事的预想则多用I’m afraid...。如： I hope it will be fine tomorrow.我希望买明天天气好。 (3) 从时间上看，hope所希望的一般指将来或现在的事情，不用于指过去的事情。如： I hope he will come.我希望他会来。 (4) 从句型结构上看，hope可用hope to do sth结构，而不能用hope sb to do sth结构。如： I hope to watch the football match again.我希望再看一场足球赛。 (5) hope后面还可以接that从句，意为：希望......;能......就好了。如： She hopes that I will pass the exam.她希望我能通过考试。 Wish的用法 I wish I were in Australia now.我希望我现在就在澳大利亚。 （1）这是一个虚拟语气的句子。它陈述的是一种与客观事实不相符或不能实现的确事情。虚拟语气中的be 不管主语是第几人称，都要用were。 1. wish 在这里用作动词，“希望","愿望",后面接不定式或"代词(名词)+不定式"结构。所表示的希望实 现的可能性较小。 1. 常用于以下几种结构：wish + to do sth ; wish sb + to do sth ; wish +that宾语从句（从句中的谓语动词需用虚拟语气）。 Wish 也可以做名词，“希望，愿望，祝愿” Thank you for your kind wish! 也可用于书信结尾、贺卡、过生日、过年和其他节日等的祝福，表示对对方的一种祝福和愿望。Wish you a merry Christmas.祝你圣诞快乐。 辨析wish 和hope wish 意为希望，愿望，一般用于难以实现或不可能实现的愿望，强调主语的主观愿望，指希望，愿，想，还常用于表示祝贺的句子中。 hope 表示希望，盼望，指有信心或有把握实现某一愿望。Hope后常跟动词不定式或宾语从句作宾语，不能用hope sb to do sth .或接双宾语。 一．语法精讲——非谓语动词 非谓语动词 知识点01 定义与结构 【语法详解】定义：非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫做非谓语动词。 非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。其中，每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。具体如下： 【语法详解】不定式 常用形式：①基本形式：to do（表示主动，并且一般表示将来） ②被动式：to be done（表示被动，并且一般表示将来） ③进行式：to be doing （表示主动和进行） ④完成时：to have done（表示主动和完成） ⑤完成被动式：to have been done（表示被动和完成） ⑥完成进行式：to have been doing （表示主动和完成进行） 语法功能： 1）主语：To master a foreign language is very important. 2）表语：My job is to drive them to the company every day. 3）宾语：Do you want to visit the Great Wall? Can you give us some advice on what to do next? 4）宾补：The teacher advised us to have a rest first. I didn´t notice them come in. 5）定语：不定式位于所修饰的名词，代词之后，如：Who was the first one to set to the top of the hill yesterday? /He is the man to depend on/to believe in. 6）状语： A．目的状语：She reads China Daily every day in order to/ so as to /to improve her English. 注：in order to 可以位于句首或句中，so as to 不能位于句首。 B．原因状语： I’m glad to see you . C．结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们一直活到见到家乡解放。 △在“too…to…”结构中表“太…结果不能”，如：He is too weak to do the work. 注：too之前如果有only, only too 表“非常”、“很”意，此时不定式不再表否定意，而表肯定意。如：They are only too lucky to go abroad for a visit. 他们很幸运去国外访问。另外，too后如果是happy, glad之类形容词时，不定式也表肯定意，如：She was too happy to meet her old friend in the street. △在“形容词/副词＋enough＋不定式”结构中表“足以能…”，如：He is strong enough to do the work . 4．疑问词＋不定式：可作主语、表语或宾语。 如：How to finish the work in time is a problem.（主语）We don’t know when and where to go .（宾语） 6．不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系： 1）一般式：表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动作之后，或没有时间限制。例如： She hopes to go there again.（在谓语动作之后） It is necessary and important to read English every day.（无时间限制） The factory to make radios is over there.（无时间限制） 2）完成式：表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 如：I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. /She seems to have been a teacher for many years. 3）进行式：表示正在发生的动作且与谓语动作同时发生. 如：She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I come in. 7．不定式的被动式如：What is to be done is unknown. /The bridge to be built there is very long. 【语法详解】动名词 常用形式：①基本形式：doing （表示主动） ②被动式：being done（表示被动） ③完成式：having done（表示主动和完成） ④完成被动式：having been done（表示被动和完成） 语法功能： 作主语：Your smoking too much will do harm to your health.（动名词的复合结构在句首作主语时，只能用sb’s的形式，此句中的Your不可改为You。） 作宾语：I don’t like his/him staying with us. 作表语：My joy is his winning the table－tennis game.（his不能改为him）. 在remember, forget, regret, excuse, apologize等动词之后，某些介词后，或某些习惯用语中，用动名词的一般式就可以表示完成式的概念。 如：I remember lending/ having lent him some money before. He forgot promising /having promised me that. /After finishing his homework,he went out for a walk. 动名词的被动式 如果动名词的逻辑主语为动名词所表示动作的承受者，这个动名词就要用被动式。 如：The problem is far from being settled. 动名词与不定式作主语、宾语的用法比较 作主语：(1)多数情况两者可以互换。例如：Seeing is believing.＝To see is to believe. Talking is easy and doing is difficult.＝To talk is easy and to do is difficult. (2)如果表示一种具体、短期的行为，或表示将来的行为，宜用不定式。 例如：It took him two hours to finish the work. To be a scientist is his desire（愿望）. (3)如果表示一种经常性、习惯性的行为，一般用动名词。例如：Getting up early is a good habit. 作宾语：有些动词跟不定式、动名词作宾语皆可，意义也差不多：begin, start, continue, love, prefer等。 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，主要有：wish, hope, expect, demand, refuse, decide.有些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语，已学过的这类词有：finish, imagine, insist on,enjoy, escape, consider, can´t help, admit, avoid, mind, miss, practise, put off（延迟）＝delay, suggest. feel like, look forward to, devote…to(doing),be worth. (4)有些动词后跟不定式、动名词意义有明显差别，主要有：forget, remember, regret, stop, mean, try, want, need, require, go on A.forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事＝forget having done sth.＝forget to have done sth. B.remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth.记住做过某事 C.regret to do sth. 遗憾（要）做某事 regret doing sth. 懊悔做了某事 D.stop to do sth. 停下（原事）去做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事 【语法详解】现在分词 常用形式：①基本形式：doing （表示主动和进行） ②被动式：being done（表示被动和进行） ③完成式：having done（表示主动和完成） ④完成被动式：having been done（表示被动和完成） 一般主动式用法： A．作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old.(＝The child who is sleeping is…)/The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well.(＝The girl who is writing a letter can…) The factory making TV sets is very large.(＝The factory which makes TV sets is very large.) B．作表语：The story sounds very interesting./The news is very exciting. C．作宾补：学用于see, watch, hear, feel, find, have, keep等动词之后。 如：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. /I saw Tom coming out of the house. /Don´t keep the students doing homework all day. 注：例如：I heard them singing in the room when I passed it.(singing不可改为sing) Do you often hear them sing in the room ?(sing不可改为singing) have sb. do sth. 与have sb. doing sth. 的区别：前者have＝let, 后者have 有时表“keep”意，有时表“employ（雇用）”意。如： I’ll have him go with me.我将让他和我一块去。 I’ll have him working in my company.我将雇用他在我的公司里工作。 Don’t have the machine working all day .不要让机器整天工作。 D．作状语： ①时间状语：Reading the letter, I couldn’t help thinking of my school life. ②原因状语：Being ill, I didn’t go to school yesterday. ③方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty. 2）完成主动式用法：这种分词所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用.如：Having finished her homework, she went to bed. /Not having received his letter, she wrote to him again. 3）一般被动式用法：表示正在发生的被动动作 如：The car being repaired is mine.(＝The car which is being repaired is mine.) /Being repaired,the car can’t be used.(＝As/Because it is being repaired, the car can’t be used.) 完成被动式用法：表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作 如：Having been praised a second time ,I decided to make still greater progress. 【语法详解】过去分词：done 及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成；不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。 polluted river 被污染的河流 fallen leaves 落叶 注意：非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。非谓语动词表示进行、将来和完成时是相对于谓语动作来说的：和谓语动作同时发生表示进行；发生在谓语动作之后表示将来；发生在谓语动作之前表示完成。 过去分词的基本用法： 1）作定语：The stolen car was found by the police last week. 2）作表语：The glass is broken. /When I got to the classroom,the door was locked. 3）作宾补：You must have/get your hair cut. 4）作状语：Given more time ,we can do the work much better. 知识点02 非谓语动词的作用 【语法详解】非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外，其它所有成分都可以做。具体如下。 1.不定式：做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。 To learn a foreign language is difficult .（作主语） 学会一门外语是很难的。 Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.（作宾语）汤姆想要喝杯啤酒。 His wish is to be a driver.（作表语）他的愿望是当一名司机。 I have nothing to say.（作定语）我没有什么可说的。 The teacher told us to do morning exercises .（作宾语补足语） 老师让我们做早操。 They went to see their aunt.（目的状语）他们去见他们的姑姑。 2.动名词：做主语、宾语、表语、定语和补语。 Learning English is very difficult .（作主语）学英语非常困难。 I enjoy dancing.（作动词宾语）我喜欢跳舞。 I have got used to living in the country.（作介词宾语）我已经习惯了住农村。 His job is driving a bus.（作表语）他的工作是开车。 3.现在分词：做表语、定语、状语和补语。 The story is interesting.这个故事有趣。 He sat there，reading a newspaper.（作状语）他坐在那里，读着一张报纸。 The area being studied may be rich in coal.（作定语）这个正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。 He saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.（作宾补）他看到小偷正在从银行偷钱。 4.过去分词：做表语、定语、状语和补语。 He is interested in the news.（作表语）他对这则消息很感兴趣。 polluted river（做定语） 被污染的河流 Given more time,I can do my work better.（做状语）如果再被多给些时间，我会把工作做得更好。 I found my watch stolen.（做宾补） 我发现我的手表被偷了。 知识点03 非谓语动词重、疑、难点 【语法详解】1.须用省去to 的不定式（do）作宾补的11个动词。 五看（see、watch、notice、observe、look at）两听（hear、listen to）三使（make、let、have）一感觉（feel）根据谐音记忆法，我们可以记做“吾看两厅三室一感觉”。 例如：I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the house yesterday. 昨天，我看到一只大鸟飞过了屋顶。 注意：以上11个动词，也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补，但在时间和语态上会有变化，我们以see为例来区分一下。 see sb.do sth.看到某人做了某事 see sb.doing sth.看到某人正在做某事see sb./sth.done 看到某人/某物被...... I see him make the phone call.我看到他打了电话。（他打电话的整个动作我都看见了） I see him making a phone call.我看到他正在打电话。（强调看到他正在打电话,并没有看见全过程.） We often see him surrounded by much work.我们常常看见他被大量的工作包围着. 2.只接不定式（不能接动名词）作宾语的25个常用动词 want、would like、wish、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、afford、agree、arrange、ask、beg、care、choose、decide、demand、determine、expect、fear、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse 3.只接动名词（不能接不定式）作宾语的28个常用动词 practice、consider、enjoy、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、admit、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excuse、fancy、forbid、mention、 mind、miss、permit、prohibit 4.既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8个动词 remember to do sth.记住要做某事（未做） remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做） forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做） forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（已做） regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事（未做） regret doing sth.后悔/抱歉做过某事（已做） try to do sth.努力做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 mean to do sth.计划做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 go on to do sth.继续做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth.停下正在做的事情 5.所有非谓语动词的完成形式都不能做定语，如to have done、to have been done、to have been doing、having done 和 having been done。 二．写作精讲——School days (学校生活） 本单元话题是“School days (学校生活）”，让学生回顾初中三年的学习生活并展望未来，叙述对自己有较大影响的某个人或某件事。以回忆自己或他人的学校生活为主线，以感恩为主题，主要描写人物或记叙事件。这类文章通常是提示性作文，同时又兼有开放性。此类话题源于实际生活，注意从平时的生活中提炼素材并写出自己的所感所想。学校活动通常从以下角度命题：学生学校生活，学校活动以及学校安全教育等。 体裁：说明文 时态：用一般现在时和一般过去时 人称：第一人称。 worry about tests 担心考试 be patient with sb. 对…有耐心 express/give thanks to sb. 表示感谢 be thankful for 对…感激 say "Thank you." to sb. 对某人说“谢谢。” take good care of 照顾 be in trouble 处于危险中 encourage sb. to do 鼓励去做 cheer me up 使我高兴 argue with friends 和朋友争论 solve the problem 解决问题 get good grades 取得好成绩 make much progress 取得了很大的进步 learn a lot 学到很多 make classes lively and interesting 使课堂生动有趣 be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求 allow sb. to do 允许某人做 be kind to sb. 对某人友善 make mistakes 犯错 work/study hard 努力学习 be good at/do well in 擅长 help sb. with sth. 在…帮助某人 keep in touch with sb. 保持联系 my pronunciation is not very good 我的发音不是很好 too shy to speak English in front of the class 太害羞不敢在全班面前说英语 one of the best teachers 最好的老师之一 pay attention to 注意 give sb. good advice 给某人好建议 make friends 交朋友 with your help 在你的帮助下 try one’s best to do 尽自己最大的努力去做 be weak in be/become interested in 对...感兴趣School life is always colorful. 学校生活总是丰富多彩的。 Now my English has greatly improved with his help. 在他的帮助下，我的英语有了很大的提高。 You teach us so well and you explain grammar so patiently and clearly that almost everyone can understand. 你教地很好，耐心、清楚地解释语法，以便每个人都能理解。 列提纲 写句子 我的老师 开头 1. The teacher I will never forget is Mr. Wang, my primary school math teacher. 介绍人物 2.年龄、外貌、喜好、性格方面：Mr. Wang is 30 years old. He is of medium build and has short hair. He likes sports and he is good at playing basketball. He is very patient and is never angry with us. 3.典型事例：I still remember one morning while I was copying my desk mate's math homework, Mr. Wang came into the classroom. I was so afraid that I didn't know what to do at that time. To my surprise, he wasn't angry with me. Instead, he told me copying homework wasn't good for me and then he said he could help me if I needed help. I was so moved that I decided not to copy anyone's homework anymore. From then on, I did my homework by myself. And with his help, I made great progress in math. 结束语 I will never forget Mr. Wang. I hope he will be happy and healthy in the future. The teacher I will never forget The teacher I will never forget is Mr. Wang, my primary school math teacher.Mr. Wang is 30 years old. He is of medium build and has short hair. He likes sports and he is good at playing basketball. He is very patient and is never angry with us.I still remember one morning while I was copying my desk mate's math homework, Mr. Wang came into the classroom. I was so afraid that I didn't know what to do at that time. To my surprise, he wasn't angry with me. Instead, he told me copying homework wasn't good for me and then he said he could help me if I needed help. I was so moved that I decided not to copy anyone's homework anymore.From then on, I did my homework by myself. And with his help, I made great progress in math.I will never forget Mr. Wang. I hope he will be happy and healthy in the future. 我永远不会忘记的老师 我永远不会忘记的老师是王老师，我的小学数学老师。王老师今年30岁。他中等身材，留着短发。他喜欢运动，擅长打篮球。他很有耐心，从不生我们的气。我还记得一天早上，当我抄同桌的数学作业时，王先生走进了教室。我当时非常害怕，不知道该怎么办。令我惊讶的是，他并没有生我的气。相反，他告诉我抄作业对我不好，然后他说如果我需要帮助，他可以帮助我。我非常感动，决定不再抄袭任何人的作业。从那时起，我自己做家庭作业。在他的帮助下，我在数学上取得了很大进步。我永远不会忘记王先生。我希望他将来快乐健康。 一、语块归纳 win a prize 获奖 do a survey 做一项调查 meet the standards of a strict teacher符合一位严师的标准 score two goals in a row 连续进两个球 play the keyboard 弹键盘式的电子乐器 join the school band 加入学校乐队 be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 work out the answers 计算出答案 put in more effort 付出更多的努力 look back at 回首(往事)；回忆；回顾 overcome fear 克服恐惧 explain sth. to sb. 给某人解释某事 prepare for ... 为……做准备 make a mess 弄得一团糟 keep one's cool 沉住气；保持冷静 senior high school 高中 go by (时间)逝去；过去 with sb.'s help 在某人的帮助下 get a business degree 获得商学位 believe in 信任；信赖 accept the invitation 接受邀请 junior high school 初中 look forward to 期望 attend the graduation ceremony 参加毕业典礼 first of all 首先 be thirsty for knowledge 渴求知识 grow up 成长 over the last three years 在过去的三年里 be thankful to sb. 对某人心存感激 the beginning of a new life新生活的开始 ahead of ... 在……前面 along with 连同；除……以外还 make your own choices做出你自己的选择 be responsible for ... 对……负责任 set out on your new journey踏上你的新征程 none of (三个或以上)都不 / 没有一个 separate from 分离；隔开 be proud of 为……骄傲；感到自豪 guide sb. to do sth. 指导某人做某事 remember doing sth. 记着做了某事 have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事 【重点句式】 1.Someone was advised to take a break from running by a teacher. 老师建议有些人暂停跑步,休息一下。 2.Which teachers will you miss the most after junior high school, Clara? 克拉拉,初中毕业之后你最想念哪些老师? 3.And now it’s time to graduate. 现在到了毕业的时候了。 4.I’m trying to keep my cool. 我在尽力保持冷静。 5.My time in junior high school has been enjoyable. 我在初中的日子过得很愉快。 6.I had problems with pronunciation and reading texts. 我在发音和阅读课文方面有问题。 7.I can’t believe how fast the time went by! 我真不敢相信时间过得这么快! 8.—What do you hope to do in the future? —I hope to get a business degree and become a manager. 你希望将来做什么? 我希望获得商科学位,成为一名经理。 9.What are you looking forward to? 你期待什么? 10.You were all so full of energy and thirsty for knowledge. 你们都充满活力,渴求知识。 11.You’ve all grown up so much and I’m so proud of you. 你们都长大了,我为你们感到骄傲。 12.Never fail to be thankful to the people around you. 永远都要对身边的人心存感激。 13.You’ll make mistakes along the way, but the key is to learn from your mistakes and never give up. 在人生的道路上你们会犯错误,但关键是要从错误中吸取教训,且永不放弃。 14....I hope that in a few years’ time, you’ll come back to visit our school.…… 我希望几年后你们会回来参观我们学校。 15.As you set out on your new journey, you shouldn’t forget where you came from. 在新的旅行启程之际,不应忘了你来自何处。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 14 I remember meeting all of you in Grade7 Unit 14 话题 School days (学校生活） 词汇 1. 调查n._______________ 2. 标准；水平n._______________ 3. 一排；一列；一行n._______________ 4. 键盘式电子乐器；键盘n._______________ 5. 指示；命令n._______________ 6. 加倍；是……的两倍v. 两倍的；加倍的adj._______________ 7. 将要；将会modal v._______________ 8. 克服；战胜 v. _______________ 9. 毕业；获得学位 v. _______________ 毕业n._______________ 10. 体贴人的；关心他人的adj. _______________ 11. 我们的pron._______________ 12. 级别高的adj. _______________ 13. 课文；文本n._______________ 教材；课本n. 14. 水平n._______________ 15. 学位；度数；程度n._______________学+科+网Z+X+X+K] 16. 经理；经营者n._______________ 经营；管理v. 17. 先生；绅士n._______________ 18. 典礼；仪式n._______________ 19. 祝贺v. _______________ 恭喜；祝贺n. 20. 渴望的；口渴的adj. _______________ 21. 感谢；感激adj. _______________ 感谢v. 22. 最后adv. _______________ 23. 任务；工作n._______________ 24. 向前面；在前面adv. _______________ 25. 有责任心的adj. _______________责任n. 26. 单独的；分离的adj.分开；分离v. _______________ 27. 翅膀；翼n._______________ 短语 1. 连续几次地___________________________ 2. 回首（往事）；回忆；回顾___________________________ 3. 弄得一团糟（一塌糊涂）___________________________ 4. 沉住气；保持冷静___________________________ 5. 高中___________________________ 6. （时间）逝去；过去___________________________ 7. 信任；信赖___________________________ 8. 首先___________________________ 9. 渴求；渴望___________________________ 10. 对某人心存感激___________________________ 11. 在……前面___________________________ 12. 连同；除……以外还___________________________ 13. 对……有责任；负责任___________________________ 14. 出发；启程___________________________ 15. 分离；隔开___________________________ 16. 做调查 17.对...有耐心 18.解决；计算出；外出健身 19.克服恐惧的骄傲 20. 做某事的关键 句型 1. I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7. 我记得在7年级见过你们所有人。 2. Someone was advised to take a break from running by a teacher. 有人被老师建议不要跑步，休息一下。 3. Which teachers will you miss the most after junior high school, Clara? 初中毕业后你最想念哪个老师？ 4. She helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter how difficult they were. 无论多么难的问题她总是帮助你自己算出答案。 5. He always took the time to explain things to me clearly whenever I couldn't understand anything. 每当我不能理解的时候，他总是花时间把事情对我解释清楚。 6. Because of her, I put more effort and my exam scores doubled. 因为她，我付出更多努力，所以我的考试分数翻倍提高。 7. The many long hours of training. Pride of overcoming fear. 无数个小时的训练。战胜恐惧后脸上的豪气。 8. First of all, I'd like to congratulate all the students who are here today. 首先，我要祝贺今天在这里所有的学生。 9. But today I see a room full of talented young adults who are full of hope for the future. 但今天我看到一屋子充满天赋的并对未来充满希望的年青人。 10. Although you’ve all worked very hard over the last three years, none of you did it alone. 在过去的三年里虽然你们已经非常的努力，但是你们中谁也不是独自就能成功的。 11. Please consider what they’ve done for you and what they mean to you. 请认真考虑他们为你们所做的，想想他们对你们意味着什么。 12. I don't need to tell you that life in senior high school will be harder that you have many difficult tasks ahead of you.我不需要告诉你们高中的生活会更加艰苦，在你们的面前有许多困难的任务。 13. Behind each door you open are chances to learn new things, and you have the ability to make your own choices.你们打开的每扇门的后面是你们学习新鲜事物的机会，你们有能力做出自己的选择。 14. Choose wisely and be responsible for your decisions and actions. Although you have to go your separate way now, I hope that in a few years’ time, you’ll come back to visit our school. 明智的选择并对自己的决定和行为负责。虽然现在你们不得不踏上分手之路， 但我希望几年以后你们能回来参观我们的学校。 15. As you set out on your new journey, you shouldn't forget where you came from. The future is yours. 当你们踏上新的旅程， 你们不应该忘记从哪里来。未来是你们的。 语法 非谓语动词； 写作 School days (学校生活） 答案：Ⅰ.Words 1. survey 2. standard 3. row 4. keyboard 5. instruction 6. double 7. shall 8. overcome 9. graduate,graduation 10. caring 11. ours 12. senior 13. text, textbook 14. level 15. degree 16.manager,manage 17. gentleman 18. ceremony 19.congratulate,congratulation 20. thirsty 21. thankful 22. lastly 23.task 24. ahead 25. responsible 26. separate 27. wing Ⅱ.Phrases & expressions 1. in a row 2. look back at 3. make a mess 4. keep one’s cool 5. senior high school 6. go by 7. believe in 8. first of all 9. be thirsty for 10. be thankful to sb 11. ahead of 12. along with 13. be responsible for 14. set out 15. separate from 16.make a survey 17.be patient with 18.work out 19.pride of overcoming fear 20.the key to doing 考点1 strict adj.严厉的；严格的 【例句】He grew up in a strict family.他在一个严格的家庭长大。 【辨析】be strict with 与be strict in be strict with 意为“对某人要求严格” be strict in (about) 意为“对某物/某事要求严格” Our teacher is strict with us and he is also strict in his work. 我们的老师对我们严格要求，并且他对他的工作也严格要求。 【经典练】 1．The teacher is strict ________ his students and ________ his work. A．in; with B．with; in C．in; in D．with; with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这位老师对学生和作业都很严格。 考查介词词义辨析。in在……里；with和。be strict with sb.“对某人要求严格”，固定词组；be strict in sth. “对某事严格要求”，固定词组。故选B。 2．Miss Wang is very strict ________ us and she is strict ________ everything she does. A．with, in B．with, with C．at, in D．with, for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：王小姐对我们要求很严格，她做任何事情都很严格。 考查固定搭配。be strict with sb.对某人严格；be strict in sth.对某事要求严格。故选A。 考点2 patience的用法 【教材原句】 I know that Ms.Lee was always patient with you in math class. 【句型剖析】be patient with 对……有耐心 patient adj. 忍耐的；有耐心的 n. 病人 patience [U]n. 耐心 be patient to do sth 耐心做某事 The doctor is very patient with his patients. 那位医生对他的病人十分有耐心。 He is patient to queue at the bus stop every day. 他每天都耐心地在公共汽车站排队。 My patience has completely run out. 我的耐心彻底没了。 【经典练】 1．He is a ________ teacher, and he explains every problem to his students with great ________. A．patiently; patience B．patiently; patient C．patient; patience D．patient; patient 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他是一个有耐心的老师，他非常耐心地向学生解释每一个问题。 考查词义辨析。patiently耐心地，副词；patience耐心，名词；patient耐心的，形容词。第一空形容词作定语修饰名词teacher，表示“耐心的老师”；第二空形容词great后修饰名词，表示“以极大的耐心”。故选C。 2．— Mom, hurry up. We’ll be late for the party. — I’ll be downstairs in a minute. Have a little ________, please. A．time B．manner C．patience 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，快点。我们晚会要迟到了。——我马上就下楼。请耐心点。 考查名词辨析。time时间；manner态度；patience耐心。根据“I’ll be downstairs in a minute”可知，让对方稍微有点耐心，故选C。 考点3.no matter how的用法 【教材原句】She helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter how difficult they were. 【句型剖析】 no matter how意为＂无论怎样＂，相当于however，引导让步状语从句。 No matter how far we are from you, we will miss you. 不论我们离你多远，我们都会想念你。 【知识拓展】 ＂no matter疑问词＂结构 no matter who/what/when等引导让步状语从句时，可与whoever，whatever，whenever等转换。 No matter who/Whoever knocks, don’t open the door. 不管谁敲门，都不要开门。 No matter when you arrive, call me. 无论你何时抵达，打给我。 No matter what you think, he’s a nice person. 无论你怎么想，他是个好人。 No matter how hard it is, don’t give up. 无论有多难，都别放弃。 【经典练】 1．The boy doesn’t want to eat anything no matter ________ delicious the food is. A．what B．how C．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不管食物多么美味，那个小男孩不想吃任何东西。 考查状语从句的连接词。what什么；how怎样；that那个。根据“no matter...delicious the food is”可知，此处表示“无论食物多么可口美味”，how符合题意。故选B。 2．________ you drive, you must drive carefully. A．No matter how well B．Even though C．Ever since 【答案】A 【详解】句意：无论你开车开得多么好，你都必须要小心驾驶。 考查连词辨析。no matter how well无论多么好；even though即使；ever since自从。根据“you must drive carefully”和整个句子可知此处应是表达无论技术多好，都要小心，故选A。 【写作佳句】 No matter how hard I tried, I still couldn’t do well in it and almost gave it up. 考点 4.shall的用法 【教材原句】Shall we get each of them a card and gift to say thank you? 我们给他们每人一张卡片和一份礼物来表示感谢，好吗？ 【句型剖析】（1）shall的主语必须是第一人称I或we，句型＂Shall/we...?＂表示建议或征求对方意见，意为＂我/我们可以……吗?＂或＂……好吗?＂。对此类表建议的句型作肯定回答时，常用＂Good idea./Sure./Certainly. /Yes, let’s...＂ 等。 Shall I open the window and close the door? 我把窗户打开，把门关上，好吗？ （2）shall作情态动词，意为＂将要；将会＂，其后接动词原形，表示一般将来时，用在陈述句中时其主语必须是第一人称。 Next week I shall be in Scotland. 下周我就在苏格兰了。 【经典练】 1．—Please tell me ________ Kong Fu Panda 4. —At ten o’clock. A．when shall we see B．when we shall see C．where shall we see D．where we shall see 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——请告诉我们什么时候去看《功夫熊猫4》。——十点。 考查宾语从句的用法。根据答句“At ten o’clock.”可知，问句应为询问时间，所以排除选项C和D；根据句子结构可知，“Please tell Me”后面接的是一个宾语从句，应使用陈述语序。故选B。 2．— Shall we go to the park to skate? There’s thick ice on the lake. —________! I like skating. A．It’s bad luck B．Sounds great C．I can’t believe it D．That’s a pity 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们去公园滑冰好吗？湖面上有很厚的冰。——听起来很好！我喜欢滑冰。考查交际用语。It’s bad luck它会带来厄运；Sounds great听起来很好；I can’t believe it我无法相信；That’s a pity真遗憾。根据“Shall we go to the park to skate?”和“I like skating”可知，此处表达“听起来很好”。故选B。 考点5. whenever的用法 【教材原句】 He always took the time to explain things to me clearly whenever I couldn’t understand anything. 【句型剖析】take the time to do sth.表示＂花费时间做某事＂；explain sth. to sb.表示＂给某人解释某事＂。 Our English teacher often takes the time to explain the text to us.我们的英语老师经常花费时间给我们解释课文。 whenever 作连词或副词，具体用法如下： (1) 作连词，意为“任何时候，不论何时”。例如： Come whenever you like. 你什么时候想来就来。 (2) 作连词，意为“每当、每逢、每次”。例如： Whenever we see him we speak to him. 每次见到他，我们都和他说话。 You seem to have a ready-made answer, whenever I ask you a question. 每逢我问你问题, 你总好像有现成的答案。 (3) 作副词，意为“任何时间”，“任何时候”。例如： On Monday, Wednesday or whenever. 星期一，星期三或随便什么时候。　 It’s not urgent，so we can do it next week or whenever. 不是急事，我们可以下星期做或其他时候做。 (4) 作副词，意为“究竟什么时候”。例如： Whenever did you buy that? 那你到底是什么时候买的? 【经典练】 1．________ you need help, please send me an e-mail or call me. A．However B．Whenever C．Wherever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：无论何时你需要帮助，请给我发电子邮件或打电话给我。 考查连词辨析。However不管怎样；Whenever无论何时；Wherever无论在哪里。根据“send me an e-mail or call me”可知，无论何时需要帮助，应用whenever引导让步状语从句，故选B。 2．_________ students make mistakes, we teachers should face them with patience. A．Whatever B．Whenever C．However D．Wherever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每当学生犯错时，我们老师都应该耐心面对。 考查词义辨析。Whatever无论什么；Whenever每当，无论何时；However然而，无论如何；Wherever无论什么地方。根据“students make mistakes, we teachers should face them with patience.”可知，此处表示每当学生犯错时，应用whenever引导让步状语从句。故选B。 【写作佳句】 Whenever I meet a difficulty, I’ll look up in reference books or search for an answer online.. 考点6. cool用法 【教材原句】I’m trying to keep my cool. 【句型剖析】cool 作名词，表示“冷静”。keep one’s cool 意为“保持沉着，不让自己失去控制”。例如： Even when you argue, you should try to keep your cool. 即使在争辩时，你也要尽力保持冷静。 【拓展】 (1) cool 用作名词时，还可意为“凉爽；凉爽的时间(或地方)”。例如：　　 She walked into the cool of the hallway. 她走入了凉爽的过道。 (2) cool 用作形容词时，意为“凉爽的；冷静的，沉着的”，常做定语或表语。例如： The hall is nice and cool. 大厅既漂亮又凉爽。 Be cool. Everything will be all right. 冷静一点，一切都会没问题的。 (3) cool 也可用于口语中，意为“很棒的，极好的，酷”。例如： That singing star is really cool. 那位歌星实在很棒。 【经典练】 1．—I’m afraid of the coming exam. —________ Mr. Cheng said it would be easy for us. A．Keep your cool! B．Work hard! C．Good luck! 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我害怕即将到来的考试。——保持冷静！程老师说这对我们来说很容易。 考查情景交际。Keep your cool!保持冷静；Work hard!努力工作；Good luck!祝你好运。根据“I’m afraid of the coming exam.”可知，面对即将到来的考试，要保持冷静，不要害怕。故选A。 2．—I have applied to be a volunteer for the 2022 Asian Games. —________! It will be a meaningful experience and you can benefit a lot from it. A．You bet B．That’s cool C．Have fun 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我已申请成为 2022 年亚运会志愿者。——太酷了！这将是一次有意义的经历，你可以从中受益匪浅。 考查情景交际。You bet当然；That’s cool太酷了；Have fun玩得高兴。根据“It will be a meaningful experience”可知，认为成为志愿者的经历真是太棒了，故选B。 【写作佳句】 As for the weather, it’s a little hot in Beijing in summer, so please bring some cool clothes. 考点7.consider的用法 【教材原句】 Please consider what they’ve done for you and what they mean to you. 【句型剖析】consider作动词，意为“考虑，认为”。它的后面跟名词、动名词或者从句作宾语。例如： Please consider my suggestion. 请考虑我的建议。 Why don’t you consider visiting Qing Dao？你为什么不考虑去青岛参观？ I consider that he is a selfish man. 我认为他是一个自私的人。 【拓展】后接动名词作宾语的动词及短语可参考以下归纳： 完成，实践，值得，忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）； 考虑，建议，不禁，想（consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like）； 错过，习惯，（别）放弃（miss, be used to, give up）； 继续，喜欢，（要）介意（keep on, enjoy, mind）。 【经典练】 1．“I’m considering ________ to Hainan to spend the Spring Festival”, the woman said to her best friend. A．to fly B．flying C．fly D．few 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“我正在考虑飞去海南过春节”，女人和她的最好朋友说道。 考查非谓语。此处是动词短语consider doing sth“考虑做某事”，应填flying。故选B。 2．—I’ve no idea where to spend my coming winter holiday. —Why not ________ visiting Sanya? It’s a perfect place for winter. A．suggest B．mind C．consider D．avoid 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道在哪里度过即将到来的寒假。——为什么不考虑去三亚呢？这是个过冬的好地方。考查动词辨析。suggest建议；mind介意；consider考虑；avoid避免。根据“I’ve no idea where to spend my coming winter holiday.”可知不知道去哪里度过寒假，此处建议考虑三亚。故选C。 3．My family consider ________ a computer, which is considered ________ a great help in our work and study. A．to buy; to be B．buying; being C．to buy; being D．buying; to be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的家人考虑买一台电脑，这被认为对我们的工作和学习有很大的帮助。 考查非谓语动词。consider doing sth“考虑做某事”；be considered to do sth“被认为做某事”。故选D。 【写作佳句】 Second, I will keep watching English movies and it is considered to be the best way to learn about Western culture. 考点8.First of all的用法 【教材原句】 First of all, I’d like to congratulate all the students who are here today. 【句型剖析】first of all意为“首先，第一” 常常放在句首，后用逗号隔开，表示重要性上的先后。例如： First of all, let me tell you the news. 首先，让我告诉你这个消息。 【拓展】at first意为“开始，起初”，强调顺序上的先后。例如： At first, let me introduce my friend Mike to you. Then… 首先，我来给你介绍一下我的朋友Mike，然后…… At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing. 最初他拒不承认有任何责任, 到头来还是道了歉。 【经典练】 1．I think English is hard for me. ________, I don’t know the grammar. A．At first B．First of all C．Not at all D．On the other hand 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我认为英语对我来说很难。首先，我不懂语法。 考查副词短语。At first起初；First of all首先；Not at all一点也不；On the other hand另一方面。根据“I think English is hard for me…I don’t know the grammar.”可知是指英语的困难有很多，首先是语法。故选B。 2．—What rules do I have to keep while working here? —__________, you must always wear your uniform. A．By the way B．From then on C．First of all D．Believe it or not 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——当在这儿工作的时候，我必须遵守什么制度。——首先，你必须总是穿你的制服。考查短语的辨析。By the way顺便说一下；From then on从那时起；First of all首先；Believe it or not信不信由你。根据“you must always wear your uniform.”可知是在介绍要遵守的规定。故选C。 【写作佳句】 First of all, Canton Tower is so grand and beautiful especially in the evening that you can't help being fascinated by it． 考点9.although的用法 【教材原句】 Although you have to go your separate ways now, I hope that in a few years’ time,you’ll come back to visit our school. 【句型剖析】although的意思是＂尽管，虽然＂，引导让步状语从句。 Although he is a little child, he knows a lot. 虽然他是个小孩子，但是他知道很多。 that引导的是宾语从句，作动词hope的宾语。 I hope that I can visit the Great Wall some day. 我希望有一天我能够去参观长城。 in a few years’ time的意思是＂在未来几年的时间里＂，采用了＂in+一段时间＂结构，在句中作状语，主句使用一般将来时。 I will leave in five hours. 五个小时后我将离开。 【经典练】 1．________ life is full of pressure, ________ learning to deal with pressure can lead to a brighter future. A．/; although B．Although; / C．Although; but D．But; although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然生活充满压力，但学会处理压力可以带来更光明的未来。考查连词辨析。although尽管，虽然；but但是。根据“life is full of pressure”以及“learning to deal with pressure can lead to a brighter future.”可知，前后句句意上是转折关系，前半句表示让步。第一空用although引导的让步状语从句。although“尽管”，不和but同时出现在一个句子中。故选B。 2．Li Ming is always the first one to be in the classroom ________ he lives far from our school. He’s a hard-working student that we should learn from. A．although B．because C．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：李明总是第一个到教室，尽管他住得离我们学校很远。他是一个勤奋的学生，我们应该向他学习。考查连词辨析。although尽管，虽然；because因为；when当……的时候。根据“Li Ming is always the first one to be in the classroom...he lives far from our school. ”可知，尽管李明住得离我们学校很远，但总是第一个到达教室，所以应用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。 【写作佳句】 Although I couldn't swim very well, I was very happy. 考点10.whom的用法 【教材原句】 It is always hard to separate from those whom you have spent so much time with for the past three years. 【句型剖析】 whom引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词those, whom在定语从句中作spent的宾语。 This is the man whom I talk with. 这就是我和他谈话的那个人。 【易混辨析】 separate... from...，divide... into... (1)separate...from...表示＂将……与……分开＂，指把原来连在一起或接近的部分分隔开来。 This patient should be separated from the others. 这个病人应该隔离。 (2)divide...into...表示把某个整块分割为若干部分。 The world is divided into seven continents. 世界被分成七大洲。 【经典练】 1．His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________ family was poor. A．of whom B．whom C．of whose D．whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他的父母不让他娶任何家庭贫穷的人。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本题定语从句的先行词是anyone，关系代词whose指代先行词在句中放在family的前面作定语。故选D。 2．— Sam, come here. The exhibits are so beautiful! — No ________ in the museum, Lisa. You need to keep quiet. A．wonder B．shouting C．good 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——山姆，过来。展品太漂亮了！——不要在博物馆里大喊大叫，丽莎。你需要保持安静。考查动名词。wonder想知道，动词；shouting呼喊，动名词；good好的。根据”You need to keep quiet.“可知，此处提醒丽莎不要大声喊叫，“No+名词或者动名词”为祈使句的否定句型，故选B。 考点11.祈使句的用法 【教材原句】 Never fail to be thankful to the people around you. 【句型剖析】祈使句的否定表达： (1).Don't + 动词原形 Don't stand up. 别站起来。 Don't be careless. 别粗心。 Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 (2).Let's ( let sb ) + not + 动词原形 Let's not say anything about it. 对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。 Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。 (3).在公共场合的提示语中,否定祈使句常用No+名词/V-ing形式结构,表示禁止做某事 NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照! (4).在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Don't,构成Don't be+其它成分。 Don't be careless.不要粗心。 【经典练】 1．Friendship is like treasure. If a friend of yours is in need, ________ your best to help him or her to show your kindness. A．try B．to try C．trying 【答案】A 【详解】句意：友谊就像财富。如果你的朋友需要帮助，尽你最大的努力去帮助他或她，以表达你的善意。 考查祈使句。try“试图；努力”，动词原形；to try动词不定式；trying动名词或现在分词。分析句子结构可知，从句为if引导的条件状语从句，主句为祈使句，所以应使用动词原形try。故选A。 2．Be sure to do physical exercise from time to time, ________ you may get overweight again. A．and B．or C．but D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一定要经常进行体育锻炼，否则你可能会再次超重。 考查连词辨析。and而且；or否则；but但是；for因为。根据“Be sure to do physical exercise from time to time, ... you may get overweight again.”可知，句式为“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”；再根据“you may get overweight again”可知，超重是不经常进行体育锻炼的结果，用or表示忠告，引出不好的结果。故选B。 考点12.倒装的用法 【教材原句】 Behind each door you open are chances to learn new things, and you have the ability to make your own choice. 【句型剖析】 “you open”是省略that/which引导的定语从句。 此句为倒装句，原句顺序为：Chances to learn new things are behind each door you open，主语为chances属于复数形式，因此be动词用are，倒装句起强调作用，强调主语chances。 固搭：have the ability to do sth. 意为“有能力做某事。” 【经典练】 1．—Sam keeps cleaning the river once a week. —________. She usually cleans it on Sunday morning. A．So does Kate B．So can Sam C．So she does 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——山姆每周清理一次河流。——凯特也是。她通常在星期天早上清理。 考查倒装句和助动词的用法。So does Kate凯特也是；So can Sam山姆也可以；So she does她的确如此。根据“Sam keeps cleaning the river once a week.”和“She usually cleans it on Sunday morning.”可知，此处表示凯特也是如此，用so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+人称，表示“某人也是(这样)”，原句含有实义动词“keeps”，此处需用助动词does。故选A。 2．Not only __________ a successful writer but _________ the greatest poet of his time. A．was he; was he B．was he; he was C．he was; he was D．he was; was he 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他不仅是一位成功的作家，而且是他那个时代最伟大的诗人。 考查倒装句。not only...but (also)...连接两个简单句时，not only放在句首，表示强调，这时句子要用部分倒装，而but (also)部分不倒装。故选B。 【写作佳句】 Only in this way can we become a good Chinese learner. 要点13 look back at和 look forward to 1.look back at回首（往事）；回忆；回顾 Look back at the jobs you hated, and you can find them helpful in fact. 回想一下你不喜欢的那些工作，你会发现实际上它们都很有用。 I never look back at the old days with regret. 我从不怀着懊悔的心情回顾过去。 2.look forward to look forward to 意思是“期待，盼望”，to是介词，后面接名词或者动名词。例如： I look forward to being alone in the house. 我盼望能自己一人在这所房子。 We look forward to the return of spring. 我们期待着春天的到来。 【拓展】 与look有关的常用短语： look out 当心 look through 浏览 look over 仔细检查 look after 照顾 look for 寻找 look like 看起来像 look out of 向外看 look up 查阅 要点14 prepare for 为……做准备 They are preparing for the math test. 他们正忙为数学考试做准备。 【拓展】prepare的其他用法 （1）作为及物动词，其后接双宾语。即prepare sb. sth.= prepare sth. for sb., 意为“为某人准备某物”。其后也可接动词不定式作宾语，即prepare to do sth. 意为“准备做某事”。 The hostess prepared much food for the guests. 女主人为客人们准备了大量的食物。 We prepared to set out when it began to rain heavily. 我们正准备出发时，突然下起了大雨。 (2)作为不及物动词，意为“准备”，常用于prepare for sth., 意为“为……做准备”。 We are preparing for the coming exams. 我们正在为即将到来的考试做准备。 （3）其名词形式为preparation，意为“准备；预备”。 You can’t make great progress in your study without good preparation. 不好好准备，你就不可能在学习方面取得巨大进步。 要点15 pride的词形变化级短语用法： ① pride (n.) 骄傲，自豪------->常用短语：take pride in……为……感到骄傲 ② proud (adj.) 骄傲的，自豪的------->常用短语：be proud of……为……感到骄傲 要点16 believe in 信任；信赖 believe in意为“信赖；信任”，其后接名词或代词作宾语，常表示“信任、信赖某人（的人格、力量等。）”或“相信某人/某事物的存在”。 辨析believe与believe in Believe 指相信某人说的话是真的或相信某事会发生(或已经发生)。 believe in 指信任某人或信仰某事物,表示“相信……的存在”或“相信……的价值”,接人作宾语指相信 某人的人格,强调品质。 例如: I could hardly believe my eyes.我几乎不能相信自己的眼睛。 We do not believe in ghosts.我们不信有鬼。 Mrs. Chen believes in all of them and tells them to “go for it”．P109 陈老师相信他们所有人，并告诉他们“放手向前” 3) believe in sb. 信任某人 believe sb. 相信某人说的话 The students believe in John. 学生信任约翰。 I believe what you said. 我相信你说的话。 拓展：believe it or not 信不信由你 belief n. 信任；信念；信仰 disbelief n. 不信；怀疑 in disbelief 难以置信地 believable adj. 可信的 unbelievable adj. 难以置信的 要点17 deal with处理；应付 deal with意为“处理；应付”，是固定搭配。 I think this problem should be dealt with quickly. 我认为这个问题应该尽快处理。 【拓展】do with和deal with两个短语可以进行互换。 I want to know how they deal with the problem. =I want to know what they do with the problem.我想知道他们如何处理这个问题。 【辨析】deal with与do with deal with 常与疑问词how连用 do with 常与疑问词what连用 What did you do with your old books? 你如何处理你的旧书？ How do you deal with your homework? 你如何处理你的家庭作业？ 要点18 separate （1）separate作形容词，意为“单独的；分开的”。例如： We offer separate classes for students to learn Chinese in different ways. 我们提供分班授课，让不同的学生以不同的方式学习中文。 （2）separate作动词，意为“分开；隔开”。例如： Even numerous mountains and rivers cannot separate our friendship. 纵然是万水千山也隔不断我们的情谊。 【拓展】 separately作副词，意为“单独地；分别地”。例如： Please be sure that you wrap each item separately. 请确保独立地包装每件物品。 辨析：separate和divide separate：把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来，separate… from… 把…与...分开 Please separate the white shirts from the colored ones. 请把白衬衫与彩色的衬衫分开。divide：划分，把整体分成若干部分，divide…into…把…分成… The apple is divided into two parts. 这个苹果被分成两部分。 拓展：go one’s separate ways 各奔东西；分道扬镳 separate… from… 把…与...分开 be separated from… 被与…分隔开 要点19 set out 出发；动身；启程 (set – set – set - setting) We set out for the Great Wall at 10:30. 我们十点半出发去长城。 They set out to build a new house for the old man. 他们着手给老人建新房子。 拓展：set out for + 地点 出发前往某地 set out to do sth. = set about (doing) sth 开始 / 着手做某事 set out on a new journey 动身踏上新旅程 set off 动身；出发；点燃 (set off fireworks 放烟火set off the alarm 使警报响起) set up 开办；建立 set down 写下；制定 set an example (to…) 给…树立榜样 set sb. free 释放某人 a set of sth 一套...；一组... tea set 一套茶具 要点20 effort Effort (1) 表示一般性的努力(即表泛指意义)，通常是不可数名词。若强调一次一次具体的努力，通常是可数名词，尤其与all, these等修饰语连用。例如： His success depends upon effort and ability. 他是否成功取决于他的努力和能力。 In spite of his efforts he failed. 他虽然做了努力，还是失败了。 （2）effort后接动词，通常用不定式，有时也用“at＋动名词”。例如： He made every effort to get it/ at getting it. 他竭尽全力想得到它。 （3）表示“做出努力”时，通常“make an effort” 这样的形式，该结构中的不定冠词(an)也可根据情况换成 another, every, one more, no 等限定词，但不能没有限定词。例如： She made every effort to be a good student. 她努力要做个好学生。 【注意】若没有限定词，effort 就应用复数。例如： The prisoner made efforts to escape, but he failed. 那个犯人企图越狱，但没有成功。 要点21 hope的用法 hope一词意为希望。在使用时应该注意以下几点： (1) 从说话语气上看，hope用于表示可能实现的事情，后接从句时，用陈述语序。如： I hope I shall see him again .我希望再次见到他。 (2) 从含义上看，hope多用于指对好事的盼望、预想；对坏事的预想则多用I’m afraid...。如： I hope it will be fine tomorrow.我希望买明天天气好。 (3) 从时间上看，hope所希望的一般指将来或现在的事情，不用于指过去的事情。如： I hope he will come.我希望他会来。 (4) 从句型结构上看，hope可用hope to do sth结构，而不能用hope sb to do sth结构。如： I hope to watch the football match again.我希望再看一场足球赛。 (5) hope后面还可以接that从句，意为：希望......;能......就好了。如： She hopes that I will pass the exam.她希望我能通过考试。 Wish的用法 I wish I were in Australia now.我希望我现在就在澳大利亚。 （1）这是一个虚拟语气的句子。它陈述的是一种与客观事实不相符或不能实现的确事情。虚拟语气中的be 不管主语是第几人称，都要用were。 1. wish 在这里用作动词，“希望","愿望",后面接不定式或"代词(名词)+不定式"结构。所表示的希望实 现的可能性较小。 1. 常用于以下几种结构：wish + to do sth ; wish sb + to do sth ; wish +that宾语从句（从句中的谓语动词需用虚拟语气）。 Wish 也可以做名词，“希望，愿望，祝愿” Thank you for your kind wish! 也可用于书信结尾、贺卡、过生日、过年和其他节日等的祝福，表示对对方的一种祝福和愿望。Wish you a merry Christmas.祝你圣诞快乐。 辨析wish 和hope wish 意为希望，愿望，一般用于难以实现或不可能实现的愿望，强调主语的主观愿望，指希望，愿，想，还常用于表示祝贺的句子中。 hope 表示希望，盼望，指有信心或有把握实现某一愿望。Hope后常跟动词不定式或宾语从句作宾语，不能用hope sb to do sth .或接双宾语。 一．语法精讲——非谓语动词 非谓语动词 知识点01 定义与结构 【语法详解】定义：非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫做非谓语动词。 非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。其中，每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。具体如下： 【语法详解】不定式 常用形式：①基本形式：to do（表示主动，并且一般表示将来） ②被动式：to be done（表示被动，并且一般表示将来） ③进行式：to be doing （表示主动和进行） ④完成时：to have done（表示主动和完成） ⑤完成被动式：to have been done（表示被动和完成） ⑥完成进行式：to have been doing （表示主动和完成进行） 语法功能： 1）主语：To master a foreign language is very important. 2）表语：My job is to drive them to the company every day. 3）宾语：Do you want to visit the Great Wall? Can you give us some advice on what to do next? 4）宾补：The teacher advised us to have a rest first. I didn´t notice them come in. 5）定语：不定式位于所修饰的名词，代词之后，如：Who was the first one to set to the top of the hill yesterday? /He is the man to depend on/to believe in. 6）状语： A．目的状语：She reads China Daily every day in order to/ so as to /to improve her English. 注：in order to 可以位于句首或句中，so as to 不能位于句首。 B．原因状语： I’m glad to see you . C．结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们一直活到见到家乡解放。 △在“too…to…”结构中表“太…结果不能”，如：He is too weak to do the work. 注：too之前如果有only, only too 表“非常”、“很”意，此时不定式不再表否定意，而表肯定意。如：They are only too lucky to go abroad for a visit. 他们很幸运去国外访问。另外，too后如果是happy, glad之类形容词时，不定式也表肯定意，如：She was too happy to meet her old friend in the street. △在“形容词/副词＋enough＋不定式”结构中表“足以能…”，如：He is strong enough to do the work . 4．疑问词＋不定式：可作主语、表语或宾语。 如：How to finish the work in time is a problem.（主语）We don’t know when and where to go .（宾语） 6．不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系： 1）一般式：表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动作之后，或没有时间限制。例如： She hopes to go there again.（在谓语动作之后） It is necessary and important to read English every day.（无时间限制） The factory to make radios is over there.（无时间限制） 2）完成式：表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 如：I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. /She seems to have been a teacher for many years. 3）进行式：表示正在发生的动作且与谓语动作同时发生. 如：She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I come in. 7．不定式的被动式如：What is to be done is unknown. /The bridge to be built there is very long. 【语法详解】动名词 常用形式：①基本形式：doing （表示主动） ②被动式：being done（表示被动） ③完成式：having done（表示主动和完成） ④完成被动式：having been done（表示被动和完成） 语法功能： 作主语：Your smoking too much will do harm to your health.（动名词的复合结构在句首作主语时，只能用sb’s的形式，此句中的Your不可改为You。） 作宾语：I don’t like his/him staying with us. 作表语：My joy is his winning the table－tennis game.（his不能改为him）. 在remember, forget, regret, excuse, apologize等动词之后，某些介词后，或某些习惯用语中，用动名词的一般式就可以表示完成式的概念。 如：I remember lending/ having lent him some money before. He forgot promising /having promised me that. /After finishing his homework,he went out for a walk. 动名词的被动式 如果动名词的逻辑主语为动名词所表示动作的承受者，这个动名词就要用被动式。 如：The problem is far from being settled. 动名词与不定式作主语、宾语的用法比较 作主语：(1)多数情况两者可以互换。例如：Seeing is believing.＝To see is to believe. Talking is easy and doing is difficult.＝To talk is easy and to do is difficult. (2)如果表示一种具体、短期的行为，或表示将来的行为，宜用不定式。 例如：It took him two hours to finish the work. To be a scientist is his desire（愿望）. (3)如果表示一种经常性、习惯性的行为，一般用动名词。例如：Getting up early is a good habit. 作宾语：有些动词跟不定式、动名词作宾语皆可，意义也差不多：begin, start, continue, love, prefer等。 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，主要有：wish, hope, expect, demand, refuse, decide.有些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语，已学过的这类词有：finish, imagine, insist on,enjoy, escape, consider, can´t help, admit, avoid, mind, miss, practise, put off（延迟）＝delay, suggest. feel like, look forward to, devote…to(doing),be worth. (4)有些动词后跟不定式、动名词意义有明显差别，主要有：forget, remember, regret, stop, mean, try, want, need, require, go on A.forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事＝forget having done sth.＝forget to have done sth. B.remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth.记住做过某事 C.regret to do sth. 遗憾（要）做某事 regret doing sth. 懊悔做了某事 D.stop to do sth. 停下（原事）去做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事 【语法详解】现在分词 常用形式：①基本形式：doing （表示主动和进行） ②被动式：being done（表示被动和进行） ③完成式：having done（表示主动和完成） ④完成被动式：having been done（表示被动和完成） 一般主动式用法： A．作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old.(＝The child who is sleeping is…)/The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well.(＝The girl who is writing a letter can…) The factory making TV sets is very large.(＝The factory which makes TV sets is very large.) B．作表语：The story sounds very interesting./The news is very exciting. C．作宾补：学用于see, watch, hear, feel, find, have, keep等动词之后。 如：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. /I saw Tom coming out of the house. /Don´t keep the students doing homework all day. 注：例如：I heard them singing in the room when I passed it.(singing不可改为sing) Do you often hear them sing in the room ?(sing不可改为singing) have sb. do sth. 与have sb. doing sth. 的区别：前者have＝let, 后者have 有时表“keep”意，有时表“employ（雇用）”意。如： I’ll have him go with me.我将让他和我一块去。 I’ll have him working in my company.我将雇用他在我的公司里工作。 Don’t have the machine working all day .不要让机器整天工作。 D．作状语： ①时间状语：Reading the letter, I couldn’t help thinking of my school life. ②原因状语：Being ill, I didn’t go to school yesterday. ③方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty. 2）完成主动式用法：这种分词所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用.如：Having finished her homework, she went to bed. /Not having received his letter, she wrote to him again. 3）一般被动式用法：表示正在发生的被动动作 如：The car being repaired is mine.(＝The car which is being repaired is mine.) /Being repaired,the car can’t be used.(＝As/Because it is being repaired, the car can’t be used.) 完成被动式用法：表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作 如：Having been praised a second time ,I decided to make still greater progress. 【语法详解】过去分词：done 及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成；不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。 polluted river 被污染的河流 fallen leaves 落叶 注意：非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。非谓语动词表示进行、将来和完成时是相对于谓语动作来说的：和谓语动作同时发生表示进行；发生在谓语动作之后表示将来；发生在谓语动作之前表示完成。 过去分词的基本用法： 1）作定语：The stolen car was found by the police last week. 2）作表语：The glass is broken. /When I got to the classroom,the door was locked. 3）作宾补：You must have/get your hair cut. 4）作状语：Given more time ,we can do the work much better. 知识点02 非谓语动词的作用 【语法详解】非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外，其它所有成分都可以做。具体如下。 1.不定式：做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。 To learn a foreign language is difficult .（作主语） 学会一门外语是很难的。 Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.（作宾语）汤姆想要喝杯啤酒。 His wish is to be a driver.（作表语）他的愿望是当一名司机。 I have nothing to say.（作定语）我没有什么可说的。 The teacher told us to do morning exercises .（作宾语补足语） 老师让我们做早操。 They went to see their aunt.（目的状语）他们去见他们的姑姑。 2.动名词：做主语、宾语、表语、定语和补语。 Learning English is very difficult .（作主语）学英语非常困难。 I enjoy dancing.（作动词宾语）我喜欢跳舞。 I have got used to living in the country.（作介词宾语）我已经习惯了住农村。 His job is driving a bus.（作表语）他的工作是开车。 3.现在分词：做表语、定语、状语和补语。 The story is interesting.这个故事有趣。 He sat there，reading a newspaper.（作状语）他坐在那里，读着一张报纸。 The area being studied may be rich in coal.（作定语）这个正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。 He saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.（作宾补）他看到小偷正在从银行偷钱。 4.过去分词：做表语、定语、状语和补语。 He is interested in the news.（作表语）他对这则消息很感兴趣。 polluted river（做定语） 被污染的河流 Given more time,I can do my work better.（做状语）如果再被多给些时间，我会把工作做得更好。 I found my watch stolen.（做宾补） 我发现我的手表被偷了。 知识点03 非谓语动词重、疑、难点 【语法详解】1.须用省去to 的不定式（do）作宾补的11个动词。 五看（see、watch、notice、observe、look at）两听（hear、listen to）三使（make、let、have）一感觉（feel）根据谐音记忆法，我们可以记做“吾看两厅三室一感觉”。 例如：I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the house yesterday. 昨天，我看到一只大鸟飞过了屋顶。 注意：以上11个动词，也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补，但在时间和语态上会有变化，我们以see为例来区分一下。 see sb.do sth.看到某人做了某事 see sb.doing sth.看到某人正在做某事see sb./sth.done 看到某人/某物被...... I see him make the phone call.我看到他打了电话。（他打电话的整个动作我都看见了） I see him making a phone call.我看到他正在打电话。（强调看到他正在打电话,并没有看见全过程.） We often see him surrounded by much work.我们常常看见他被大量的工作包围着. 2.只接不定式（不能接动名词）作宾语的25个常用动词 want、would like、wish、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、afford、agree、arrange、ask、beg、care、choose、decide、demand、determine、expect、fear、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse 3.只接动名词（不能接不定式）作宾语的28个常用动词 practice、consider、enjoy、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、admit、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excuse、fancy、forbid、mention、 mind、miss、permit、prohibit 4.既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8个动词 remember to do sth.记住要做某事（未做） remember doing sth.记得做过某事（已做） forget to do sth.忘记去做某事（未做） forget doing sth.忘记做过某事（已做） regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事（未做） regret doing sth.后悔/抱歉做过某事（已做） try to do sth.努力做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 mean to do sth.计划做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 go on to do sth.继续做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth.停下正在做的事情 5.所有非谓语动词的完成形式都不能做定语，如to have done、to have been done、to have been doing、having done 和 having been done。 二．写作精讲——School days (学校生活） 本单元话题是“School days (学校生活）”，让学生回顾初中三年的学习生活并展望未来，叙述对自己有较大影响的某个人或某件事。以回忆自己或他人的学校生活为主线，以感恩为主题，主要描写人物或记叙事件。这类文章通常是提示性作文，同时又兼有开放性。此类话题源于实际生活，注意从平时的生活中提炼素材并写出自己的所感所想。学校活动通常从以下角度命题：学生学校生活，学校活动以及学校安全教育等。 体裁：说明文 时态：用一般现在时和一般过去时 人称：第一人称。 worry about tests 担心考试 be patient with sb. 对…有耐心 express/give thanks to sb. 表示感谢 be thankful for 对…感激 say "Thank you." to sb. 对某人说“谢谢。” take good care of 照顾 be in trouble 处于危险中 encourage sb. to do 鼓励去做 cheer me up 使我高兴 argue with friends 和朋友争论 solve the problem 解决问题 get good grades 取得好成绩 make much progress 取得了很大的进步 learn a lot 学到很多 make classes lively and interesting 使课堂生动有趣 be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求 allow sb. to do 允许某人做 be kind to sb. 对某人友善 make mistakes 犯错 work/study hard 努力学习 be good at/do well in 擅长 help sb. with sth. 在…帮助某人 keep in touch with sb. 保持联系 my pronunciation is not very good 我的发音不是很好 too shy to speak English in front of the class 太害羞不敢在全班面前说英语 one of the best teachers 最好的老师之一 pay attention to 注意 give sb. good advice 给某人好建议 make friends 交朋友 with your help 在你的帮助下 try one’s best to do 尽自己最大的努力去做 be weak in be/become interested in 对...感兴趣School life is always colorful. 学校生活总是丰富多彩的。 Now my English has greatly improved with his help. 在他的帮助下，我的英语有了很大的提高。 You teach us so well and you explain grammar so patiently and clearly that almost everyone can understand. 你教地很好，耐心、清楚地解释语法，以便每个人都能理解。 列提纲 写句子 我的老师 开头 1. The teacher I will never forget is Mr. Wang, my primary school math teacher. 介绍人物 2.年龄、外貌、喜好、性格方面：Mr. Wang is 30 years old. He is of medium build and has short hair. He likes sports and he is good at playing basketball. He is very patient and is never angry with us. 3.典型事例：I still remember one morning while I was copying my desk mate's math homework, Mr. Wang came into the classroom. I was so afraid that I didn't know what to do at that time. To my surprise, he wasn't angry with me. Instead, he told me copying homework wasn't good for me and then he said he could help me if I needed help. I was so moved that I decided not to copy anyone's homework anymore. From then on, I did my homework by myself. And with his help, I made great progress in math. 结束语 I will never forget Mr. Wang. I hope he will be happy and healthy in the future. The teacher I will never forget The teacher I will never forget is Mr. Wang, my primary school math teacher.Mr. Wang is 30 years old. He is of medium build and has short hair. He likes sports and he is good at playing basketball. He is very patient and is never angry with us.I still remember one morning while I was copying my desk mate's math homework, Mr. Wang came into the classroom. I was so afraid that I didn't know what to do at that time. To my surprise, he wasn't angry with me. Instead, he told me copying homework wasn't good for me and then he said he could help me if I needed help. I was so moved that I decided not to copy anyone's homework anymore.From then on, I did my homework by myself. And with his help, I made great progress in math.I will never forget Mr. Wang. I hope he will be happy and healthy in the future. 我永远不会忘记的老师 我永远不会忘记的老师是王老师，我的小学数学老师。王老师今年30岁。他中等身材，留着短发。他喜欢运动，擅长打篮球。他很有耐心，从不生我们的气。我还记得一天早上，当我抄同桌的数学作业时，王先生走进了教室。我当时非常害怕，不知道该怎么办。令我惊讶的是，他并没有生我的气。相反，他告诉我抄作业对我不好，然后他说如果我需要帮助，他可以帮助我。我非常感动，决定不再抄袭任何人的作业。从那时起，我自己做家庭作业。在他的帮助下，我在数学上取得了很大进步。我永远不会忘记王先生。我希望他将来快乐健康。 一、语块归纳 win a prize 获奖 do a survey 做一项调查 meet the standards of a strict teacher符合一位严师的标准 score two goals in a row 连续进两个球 play the keyboard 弹键盘式的电子乐器 join the school band 加入学校乐队 be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 work out the answers 计算出答案 put in more effort 付出更多的努力 look back at 回首(往事)；回忆；回顾 overcome fear 克服恐惧 explain sth. to sb. 给某人解释某事 prepare for ... 为……做准备 make a mess 弄得一团糟 keep one's cool 沉住气；保持冷静 senior high school 高中 go by (时间)逝去；过去 with sb.'s help 在某人的帮助下 get a business degree 获得商学位 believe in 信任；信赖 accept the invitation 接受邀请 junior high school 初中 look forward to 期望 attend the graduation ceremony 参加毕业典礼 first of all 首先 be thirsty for knowledge 渴求知识 grow up 成长 over the last three years 在过去的三年里 be thankful to sb. 对某人心存感激 the beginning of a new life新生活的开始 ahead of ... 在……前面 along with 连同；除……以外还 make your own choices做出你自己的选择 be responsible for ... 对……负责任 set out on your new journey踏上你的新征程 none of (三个或以上)都不 / 没有一个 separate from 分离；隔开 be proud of 为……骄傲；感到自豪 guide sb. to do sth. 指导某人做某事 remember doing sth. 记着做了某事 have the ability to do sth. 有能力做某事 【重点句式】 1.Someone was advised to take a break from running by a teacher. 老师建议有些人暂停跑步,休息一下。 2.Which teachers will you miss the most after junior high school, Clara? 克拉拉,初中毕业之后你最想念哪些老师? 3.And now it’s time to graduate. 现在到了毕业的时候了。 4.I’m trying to keep my cool. 我在尽力保持冷静。 5.My time in junior high school has been enjoyable. 我在初中的日子过得很愉快。 6.I had problems with pronunciation and reading texts. 我在发音和阅读课文方面有问题。 7.I can’t believe how fast the time went by! 我真不敢相信时间过得这么快! 8.—What do you hope to do in the future? —I hope to get a business degree and become a manager. 你希望将来做什么? 我希望获得商科学位,成为一名经理。 9.What are you looking forward to? 你期待什么? 10.You were all so full of energy and thirsty for knowledge. 你们都充满活力,渴求知识。 11.You’ve all grown up so much and I’m so proud of you. 你们都长大了,我为你们感到骄傲。 12.Never fail to be thankful to the people around you. 永远都要对身边的人心存感激。 13.You’ll make mistakes along the way, but the key is to learn from your mistakes and never give up. 在人生的道路上你们会犯错误,但关键是要从错误中吸取教训,且永不放弃。 14....I hope that in a few years’ time, you’ll come back to visit our school.…… 我希望几年后你们会回来参观我们学校。 15.As you set out on your new journey, you shouldn’t forget where you came from. 在新的旅行启程之际,不应忘了你来自何处。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$