Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation？单元知识点过关（精讲课件）-2024-2025学年八年级英语上册单元语法精讲精练（人教版）

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 人教版初中英语8年级上 （单元知识点过关） CONTENTS 03 04 01 02 05 短语识记过关 词汇辨析过关 词汇变形过关 重点词汇过关 课本语篇过关 06 重点句型过关 01 重点词汇过关 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 重点词汇过关 根据图片填写单词 1．Drinking warm ________before bed can help you sleep well.   2．We have ________ on Mondays.   3．Daming gets a ________ on his birthday.   4．This is a ________ of Tony’s family.   5．The ________ is cute and it loves eating bamboo.   6．Lily is ________ for the bus to school.   7．My uncle is a ________. He works in a hospital.   milk math bike photo panda 液体-不可数名词，无复数形式 waiting doctor 单词识记 语文:Chinese ;数学:Maths ;英语:English ;物理:Physics ;体育:PE 化学:Chemistry ;生物:Biology;历史:History ;地理:Geography  by bike; by car; by plane; on foot 复数 photos-以o结尾的名词变复数的 基本规则是：有生命的加es，无生命的加s‌ 复数 pandas-大多数以“a”结尾的名词, 其复数形式是通过在词尾添加“-s”来构成的 现在进行时，表示正在等公交车 单词拓展-园丁gardener；接线员operator；清洁工 dustman； 魔术师magician；裁缝tailor；水手sailor；运动员athlete ‌ 4 重点词汇过关 根据汉语填写单词。 1．He always ________ (尝试) to get up early every morning. 2．It’s going to rain, don’t forget to take your ________ (伞), Linda. 3．The company doesn’t have ________ (足够) money. 4．Did you go ________ (某个地方) interesting last summer vacation? 5．Tom didn’t have breakfast this morning, so he feels _______(饥饿的) now. 6．On the ________ (顶部) of the mountain, we could see the whole city. 7．It’s very cold outside. The temperature (温度) is _______ (在…以下) zero. 8．He wants to keep a ________(鸟), for example, a parrot. tries umbrella enough anywhere hungry top below bird try to do sth. an+ umbrella enough+名词；形容词、副词或动词+enough anywhere‌指的是“任何一个地方”，没有局限性， 可以在疑问句、否定句和一些肯定句中出现。 on the top of…在…的上面  The temperature is two degrees below zero. 温度是零下 2 度 5 重点词汇过关 9．Kate and her parents had a(n) ________ (精彩的) time in South Africa. 10．Do you often keep a ________ (日记)? 13．There are many sheep eating the grass on the ________ (小山). 14．In my class, ________ (大多数) of the boys like playing soccer. 15．It ________ (似乎) that almost everyone can play the easy game. 16．I made ________ (我自己) a cup of tea last Sunday. 18．Sally ________ (不喜欢) jazz because it is too loud. 19．I ________ (想知道) where my father is now. I need his help. wonderful diary hill most seems myself dislikes wonder wonder 想知道 diary 复数形式 diaries  on the hill Most+名词(可数或不可数) :跟可数名词时,谓语动词要用复数形式 it seems表达一种不确定信息的推测，使说话者提出观点或假设 反身代词做宾语- yourself, himself, herself, themselves, ourselves dis否定前缀+like- dis--order无秩序（dis+order顺序→没有顺序） dis--honest不诚实的（dis+honest诚实的） 形容词 wonderful,副词wonderfully 7 去度假____________________ 待在家里__________________ 出去____________________ 相当多__________________ 大多数时候_______________ 当然____________________ 玩儿的高兴_______________ 给…的感觉________________ go on vacation stay at home go out quite a few most of the time of course enjoy oneself feel like 拍照____________________ 记日记___________________ 为某人买东西______________ 决定做某事_________________ 重要的事情_________________ 找出____________________ 在过去____________________ 产生影响；起作用________________ take photos keep a diary buy sth. for sb. decide to do sth something important find out in the past make a difference = take/have a vacation  短语识记过关 go out for a walk 散步 ‌quite a few‌修饰可数名词-“相当多”， ‌quite a little‌修饰不可数名词-“有一点” 复数 photos-以o结尾的名词变复数的 基本规则是：有生命的加es，无生命的加s‌ = buy sb. sth. 形容词修饰不定代词放在后面 ‌find‌+接宾语，表示找到某物或某人。 ‌find out‌-接宾语+宾补，弄清楚某个事实或情况 enjoy myself,enjoy herself, enjoy themselves 8 1. go on vacation 去度假 2. stay at home 待在家里 3. go to the mountains 去爬山 4. go to the beach 去海滩 5. visit museums 参观博物馆 6. go to summer camp 去参加夏令营 7. quite a few 相当多 8. most of the time 大部分时间 9. taste good 尝起来很好吃 10. have a good time 玩得高兴 11. of course 当然 到达_______________________ 在过去 ____________________ 喜欢做某事 ________________ 四处走走 __________________ 走向 ______________________ 乘火车 ____________________ 尝试做某事 ________________ 等候 _______________________ 因为 _______________________ 找出；查明 _________________ 上上下下___________________ 第二天 ____________________ 兴奋地 ____________________ 一碗米饭 __________________ 忘记做某事________________ 另外两个小时 ______________ 短语识记过关 arrive in/at in the past enjoy doing sth. walk around walk up to take the train try doing sth. wait for because of find out up and down the next day in excitement one bowl of rice forget to do sth. another two hours arrive in+大地点 arrive at+小地点 walk out走出; walk on继续行走; walk along沿着…走 walk away走开; walk into走进；walk the dog 遛狗 take a bus 坐公交; take the subway 坐地铁 take a plane坐飞机; take the train 坐火车 try to do‌侧重于‌努力‌，强调为了达到某个目的而进行的尝试 ‌try doing‌则侧重于‌尝试‌，强调进行一种新的尝试 1. here and there  到处 2. far and near  远近，到处 3. high and low  到处 4. back and forth 前前后后 5. in and out  进进出出 a bag of rice a bar of soaf a bowl of soup a slice of bread a bottle of juice  9 1. go on vacation 去度假 2. stay at home 待在家里 3. go to the mountains 去爬山 4. go to the beach 去海滩 5. visit museums 参观博物馆 6. go to summer camp 去参加夏令营 7. quite a few 相当多 8. most of the time 大部分时间 9. taste good 尝起来很好吃 10. have a good time 玩得高兴 11. of course 当然 喂母鸡_______________________ 备考 _______________________ 去爬山 _______________________ 去海滩 _______________________ 参观博物馆 _______________________ 去参加夏令营 _______________________ 去某个有趣的地方 ________________________ 短语识记过关 feed hens study for test/tests go to the mountains go to the beach go to the museum go camping go to an interesting place go swimming‌：去游泳 ‌go fishing‌：去钓鱼 ‌go hiking‌：去徒步 ‌go camping‌：去野营 ‌go cycling‌：去骑自行车 ‌go dancing‌：去跳舞 ‌go for a drive‌：开车出去 ‌go for a picnic‌：去野餐 ‌go on vacation‌：去度假 ‌go to the beach‌：去海滩 ‌go to the mountains‌：去爬山 ‌go to the summer camp‌：去夏令营 11 boring 1. wonder (v. 想知道) —_________(adj. 精彩的) ______________ (adv. 精彩地) 2. bore (v. 使……厌烦) — ________(adj.厌倦的）— ___________(adj.令人厌倦的） 3. diary (n. 日记) — ___________(复数) 4. enjoy (v. 喜爱) — ____________(adj. 有乐趣的；令人愉快的) 5. activity (n. 活动) —________________(复数) 6. decide (v. 决定) — ______________(n. 决定) 7. build (v. 建造) — ___________(n. 建筑物；房子) 8. trade (n/v贸易；买卖) — __________(n. 商人) 词汇变形过关 wonderful wonderfully bored boring diaries enjoyable activities decision building trader wonderful dislike 9. difference (n. 差别；差异) —____________(adj. 不同的) 10. wait(v. 等候) — _________(n. 男服务员) —________ (n. 女服务员) 11. like（v. 喜欢）—_________反义词(v.不喜欢) 12. Can you tell me some _____________(different) between the two pictures? 13. I think it will be a very ____________(enjoy) trip for you to travel to Beijing. 14. This film is _____________ (wonder). I like to see it very much. 15. The TV show is really__________ (bore). I don’t want to watch it. 16. His cousin is a___________ (trade), selling fruit and vegetables. 词汇变形过关 different waiter waitress dislike differences enjoyable wonderful boring trader 14 little few a few few 很少;几乎没有表示否定意义,修饰可数名词复数; Few people can live up to be 100. a little little很少;几乎没有表示否定意义,修饰不可数名词 Tom has little money, but few students want to help him. a little一点;一些表示肯定意义,修饰不可数名词 There is a little milk and a few apples at home. a few几个;一些表示肯定意义,修饰可数名词复数；There are a few apples, so I don't have to go to the market. 词汇辨析过关 15 over below above “在…之下”，斜下方（不接触）;此外below+zero表示零下。 The sun sank below the horizon. 太阳落到了地平线下。 The temperature is ten below zero today. It’s so chilly. 今天是零下十度。好冷啊。 “在…正上方”，垂直之上（不接触）： There is a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥。 “在…正下方”，垂直下方（不接触）： They sat under a big tree. 他们坐在一棵大树下。 “在…之上”，斜上方（不接触）： A plane flew above our heads. 一架飞机从我们头上飞过。 词汇辨析过关 under 16 词汇辨析 any one anyone 代词, 可以单独使用做主语或表语;只指人，不指物，后面不接of短语,指所有的人都是如此，没有出现例外的个人。  If anyone calls, tell him I'll be back about three o'clock. 如果有人来电话,就说我三点左右回来。 形容词词组, 既可指人，又可指物，表示＂任何一个＂，后面可接of短语, 指一个群体中的任意一个成员。 You may take any one of these gifts.这些礼物你可以任选一个。‌ 17 词汇辨析 boring bored 厌倦的；烦闷的，作表语，用来描述人的感受。 There were several young people sitting around looking bored. 有几个年青人闲坐着，一副无聊的样子。 令人厌倦的，作表语或定语，用来描述事物。 Her husband is about the most boring person I've ever met. 她丈夫是我见过的最没趣的人。 18 词汇辨析 arrive in arrive at arrive at + 小地点（如城镇、机场、火车站等） When I arrived at the station, it was seven o’clock. arrive in + 大地点（如国家、大城市等） I’ll phone you when I arrive in New York. arrive at/in + 地点 = get to + 地点 = reach + 地点 19 词汇辨析 much too too many too much “太多”，后跟可数名词复数。 I have too many books on the bookshelf. “太多”，后跟不可数名词。 There is too much ice on the road. “太……”，后跟形容词或副词。 It’s much too cold outside. , 与 20 词汇辨析 because of because “因为”连词，because+句子，because不能与so同时出现在一个句子中。 I did it because he told me to. 是他吩咐我才做的。 “因为；由于”，介词短语，because+名词/代词/短语。I didn’t go to the mountains because of the bad weather. 21 1．Shanghai is a beautiful city and we took quite _____ photos there. A．a little B．little C．a few D．few 2．Susan has ________ friends in China, she’s very lonely. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 3．When the temperature stays _____ zero, it’ll be warm, when it falls ______ zero, it’ll be cold. A．on, under B．above, under C．on, below D．above, below 4．John and I live in the same building. But I live _____ the ground floor. He lives two floors _______ me. A．on; over B．in; under C．in; below D．on; above C A D D 词汇辨析过关 22 5．These books are nice. You can take ________ of them. A．someone B．everyone C．anyone D．any one 6．—Who is in the kitchen? —_________. A．None B．No one C．Anyone D．Any one 7．Thank you for ________ me funny jokes. I never feel ________ with you. A．telling; bored B．telling; boring C．speaking; bored D．saying; boring 8．The book is ________, so it makes the boy________. A．boring; bored B．bored; boring C．boring; boring D．bored; bored D B A A 词汇辨析过关 23 9．The girl eats _________ meat, so she is _________ fat. A．too much; much too B．much too; too much C．too many; much too 10．Don’t let him eat ________ snacks. He’s ________ fat. A．too much; much too B．too many; much too C．too many; many too 11．Don’t go out. It’s raining and there is ________ water on the ground. A．too many B．many too C．too much D．much too 12．________ it is raining heavily, the policemen are still working in the street. A．Because B．Although C．If D．Because of B A B C 词汇辨析过关 24 25 Section A 课本语篇过关 Rick:嗨，海伦。好久不见。 Helen:嗨，里克。是的，我上个月在度假。 Rick：哦，你去任何有趣的地方了吗？ Helen:是的，我和我的家人去了贵州。 Rick:哇哦！你看到黄果树瀑布了吗？ Helen:是，我看到了。它非常的好。我们在那里拍了很多照片。你呢？你上个月做了什么特别的事情吗？ Rick: 并没有。我只是大多数时间待在家里读书和放松。  26 Section B 课本语篇过关 7月15日，星期一      今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚的槟城。天气晴朗而又炎热，因此我们决定到旅馆附近的海滩上去。姐姐和我尝试了滑翔伞运动。我感觉自己就像一只小鸟。太刺激了！午饭我们吃了非常特别的东西——马来西亚黄面条。它们好吃极了！下午我们骑自行车到了乔治市。现在那里有许多新的建筑物，但是仍然有许多老式的建筑物。在乔治市的海墘，一个很古老的地方。我们能看到来自100年前中国商人住过的房屋。我想知道在这儿过去的生活是什么样的。我真的很喜欢在镇上到处走走。 27 Section B 课本语篇过关 7月16日，星期二 一天的变化有多大呀！我和爸爸决定今天到槟城山。我们想步行爬到山顶，但是天开始下起了小雨，因此我们决定乘火车去。因为我们决定乘火车去。因为人太多，我们等了一个多小时的火车。当我们到达山顶的时候，雨下得很大。我们没有雨伞，因此我们（全身）又湿又冷。真是太糟糕了！而且因为坏天气，我们也没能看到下面的任何景色。我爸爸没带足够的钱，所以我们仅吃了一碗米饭和一些鱼肉。这些食物尝起来真好吃，因为我很饿！ 28 29 课本句子梳理 句式要点 1.We took a few photos there. 我们在那里拍了很多照片。 quite a few意为“相当多；不少”，相当于many，修饰可数名词复数。 Quite a few students took part in the sports meeting held in our school. 很多学生参加了在我们学校举办的运动会。 quite a little也表示“相当多；不少”，但它相当于much，修饰不可数名词 We have quite a little bread for breakfast.我们有相当多的面包作早餐。 2.I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.我大部分时间只是待在家里读书、休息。 most 在该短语中作代词，意为“最多，大多数”，most of+可数名词复数/不可数名词，表示“……中的大多数”。 Most of the students in our class like English. 我们班的大多数学生喜欢英语。 most of…做主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与of后面的名词的单复数保持一致。 Most of my friends like pop music. Most of the building is yellow. 3. Everything tasted really good! 所有的食物尝起来都很好吃！ taste为感官动词，在此处作系动词，后接形容词作表语，不用于进行时。（感官动词+adj） “五个感官动词”-look, sound, smell, taste, feel 30 课本句子梳理 句式要点 4.How did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样？ How do you like ...?意为“你觉得……怎么样？”，用于询问对方的观点或看法。 How do you like ... ? = What do you think of ...? —How do you like this new movies? = What do you think of this new movies? 你觉得这部新电影怎么样？—It’s wonderful！非常棒！ 5. Still no one seemed to be bored. 不过似乎没有人感到厌烦。 seem（to be）+ n/adj 似乎……；好像……，用于说明主语的特征或状态 The movie seems very interesting .这部电影好像很有趣。 seem的其他用法： seem like + n “似乎……”;seem to do sth. “似乎做某事”; It seems/seemed that +句子 “看来好像/似乎……” 6.It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. 这里天气晴朗并且炎热，因此我们决定去旅馆附近的海滩。 decide to do sth. decide （not）to do sth. 决定（不）做某事 He decided not to go himself. 他决定不亲自去。 decide的名词形式为 decision-make a decision 31 课本句子梳理 句式要点 7.My sister and I tried paragliding. 我和妹妹尝试了滑翔伞运动。 try to do sth 与 try doing sth try to do sth尽力做某事指努力去做 try doing sth尝试做某事含有看看某种方法是否能成功的意思，不一定付出努力. They are trying to solve this problem.他们正在努力解决这个问题。 Tom is trying solving this problem in this way. 汤姆正在尝试用这种方法解决这个问题。 8.I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉自己像一只鸟。 feel like 意为“给……的感觉；感觉像”，此处的like为介词，后常接名词或从句。 feel like 还有“想要”的意思，构成固定结构： feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 “三个想要”：want to do sth.= would like to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 9.I really enjoyed walking around the town. 我真的很喜欢在这个镇上到处走走。 enjoy作及物动词，意为“喜欢；享受……的乐趣”，后常接名词、 代词或动词ing 形式。 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快 = have a good time / have fun . 32 课本句子梳理 句式要点 10. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多，我们等了一个多小时的火车。 1. wait to do sth. 等着做某事 2. wait for sb.等候某人 3. wait for a bus 等公交车。 4. wait for about twenty minutes:等了大约 20 分钟。 5.wait +时间段+for+sb. /sth.。 6. wait a long time for the... 11. My father didn’t bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. 我的爸爸没有带足够的钱，因此我们只吃了一碗米饭和一些鱼肉。 1.enough 用作形容词，意为“充足的”，在句中可作定语或表语。作定语时， 它的位置较灵活，既可放在所修饰词前，也可放在所修饰词后。 We have enough time（time enough）to finish the work. 我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。 2.enough 用作副词，意为“充分地；足够地；十分”，修饰形容词、 副词或动词，位于所修饰词之后。 Are you warm enough in such a light jacket？ 你穿这么薄的夹克够暖和吗？ enough往往用在“be+ 形容词+enough+ for+sb. +to do”结构中， 注意do后面不接宾语。 33 课本句子梳理 句式要点 12. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多，我们等了一个多小时的火车。 1. wait to do sth 等着做某事 2. wait for sb.等候某人 3. wait for a bus 等公交车。 4. wait for about twenty minutes:等了大约 20 分钟。 5.wait +时间段+for+sb./sth。 6. wait a long time for the... 13. My father didn’t bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. 我的爸爸没有带足够的钱，因此我们只吃了一碗米饭和一些鱼肉。 1．enough 用作形容词，意为“充足的”，在句中可作定语或表语。作定语时，它的位置较灵活，既可放在所修饰词前，也可放在所修饰词后。 We have enough time（time enough）to finish the work. 我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。 2．enough 用作副词，意为“充分地；足够地；十分”， 修饰形容词、副词或动词，位于所修饰词之后。 Are you warm enough in such a light jacket？ 你穿这么薄的夹克够暖和吗？ enough往往用在“be+ 形容词+enough+ for+sb. +to do”结构中， 注意do后面不接宾语。 34 1．wait;   the;   on;   can;     pavement;   you ______________________________________. 2．I, my, of, am, drawing, map, neighbourhood, a ______________________________________. 3．took, they, quite a few, good photos ______________________________________. 4．role, deciding, people, a, usually, in, the, play, winner ______________________________________. 5．exciting, did, anything, last, you, weekend, see ______________________________________. 重点句型过关 连词成句 You can wait on the pavement I am drawing a map of my neighbourhood They took quite a few good photos People usually play a role in deciding the winner Did you see anything exciting last weekend 35 重点句型过关 1．Peter went somewhere cool this summer vacation. （改为一般疑问句） 2．There are some birds in the picture.（改为一般疑问句） 3．I went somewhere this summer vacation. (改为否定句) 4．The song and dance shows are wonderful in Disneyland. The fireworks are also wonderful. (合并为一句) Did Peter go anywhere cool this summer vacation? Are there any birds in the picture? I didn’t go anywhere this sumnmer vacation. The fireworks are as wonderful as the song and dance shows in Disneyland. 36 THE END $$