Unit 1 Science and Scientists Learning About Language 分层作业 -2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 Period 2 Learning About Language (分层作业) Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. (2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷) __________ worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. 2. (2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)This is __________ Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. 3. You can now reference the nickname in your application as if it __________ a local table. 4. Perhaps it is __________ I am the youngest child and the only sister they have. 5. This is different from the hard disk, which is __________ files and stuff are permanently stored. 6. The trouble is __________ I never get through the weekly reading list though some books are quite interesting.  7. The doubt remains __________ the house-owner or somebody else hid it there. 8. The burning question in this year’s debate over the federal budget is __________ taxes should be raised. 9. The actual question we debate is __________ should pay for people to go to college.  10. The reason __________ the injection needs repeating every year is that the virus changes.  Ⅱ.从下列方框中选择一个短语，并用其正确形式填空： be linked to, be transformed into, blame...for, in time, once and for all, subscribe to, suspect...of, thanks to, in general, as a result (of) 1. Marriages usually break down __________ the shortcomings of both partners.  2. If I had seen the advertisement __________ I would have applied for the job. 3. Why don’t you negotiate directly with him and solve this issue __________? 4. Calorie consumption __________ the amount of snacks one eats. 5. The food industry has, __________, been firmly opposed to such direct government action. 6. The energy released by the nuclear reaction __________ heat. 7. Don’t __________ him __________ not working out the problem. After all, he is 8 years old. 8. __________ the automobile, Americans soon had a freedom of movement previously unknown. 9. The authorities no longer __________ the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers. 10. What evidence made you __________ her __________ having taken your money? I.语法与写作 1. But the bottom line is ______________________________. 但底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。 2. China has risen, and she is no longer ____________________.  中国站起来了，她不再是从前那个中国了。 3. The problem is ________________________________________ .  问题是我们如何保护野生动植物。 4. That’s ______________________________ over their children. 那就是家长能够也有权利帮助自己的孩子的地方。 5. He walked painfully and it looked ______________________________ to even carry him.  他走起路来很痛苦，两条腿似乎连支撑他的力量都没有了。 6. That’s ________________________________________ of China.  那是因为很多人搬到中国的南部去了。 II.根据课文内容，用适当的连接词完成下面短文： Last week, we read an article whose title is “ 1 John Snow defeats ‘King Cholera’”. Cholera, a severe disease, used to be 2 many people extremely feared in the world. Severe diarrhoea, dehydration and even death are 3 this disease causes. The greatest pity was 4 no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera 5 an outbreak of cholera hit Europe in the early 19th century. And that was 6 millions of people died from the disease, for 7 John Snow became frustrated; however, Snow’s desire was 8 he should destroy cholera once and for all. In those days, doctors had two theories to explain how cholera spread, one of 9 was 10 bad air caused it while the other was 11 it was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. The second one was also 12 Snow subscribed to. Later, through Snow’s tireless efforts, the truth he found out was 13 the infected water was to blame. So his suggestion to water companies was 14 they should sell clean water and examine the water. What’s more, 15 Snow used his maps and statistics transformed the way scientists study diseases. Ⅰ.阅读理解 What are the biggest problems that the society will have to deal with in the new age? There are diseases like AIDS and cancer. There’s climate change, of course. And what about producing enough cheap food and energy for the world’s growing population? Who’s going to handle all these terrible problems? Yes, politicians and world leaders will have a big part to play. Yes, businesses will need to create the economic wealth to pay for some of these things. But who’s going to make a much greater difference to something like AIDS or climate change? It’s going to be a scientist. It is the scientists who can transform some new results of science into new technologies to solve these problems. If you like thinking about the world around you, why not become a scientist? It doesn’t mean you have to wear a white coat and plastic glasses and spend all your time in a lab as most people often imagine! Scientists do multiple amazing things that are actually interesting! Military scientists develop not only new weapons but new military technologies that could help make wars out of date. Forensic (法医的) scientists work with the police to find quite small clues to catch criminals. Scientists work in schools and colleges as the teachers and professors who will train tomorrow’s scientists. Don’t think a scientist is far away! Maybe you like cooking. You could be a food technologist helping to keep fruit and vegetables fresh for longer. Perhaps sport is your thing. Do you know that most top athletes work with sports scientists in order to improve their performance? You could even be a science writer who gets to spend the life studying the latest advances and sharing them with the world. Looking for something to do for the rest of your life? My advice? Take a long and hard look at science. It is ever so interesting. 1. Why are many problems mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To suggest they are impossible to be solved. B. To introduce the causes of these problems. C. To show the author’s worry about the future world. D. To show scientists play an important part in solving them. 2. What do most people think the life of scientists? A. Amazing. B. Boring. C. Colourful. D. Unreal. 3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. Military technologies could help prevent wars in the future. B. For those interested in cooking, food technology may be a choice. C. Forensic scientists play an important part in dealing with crimes. D. Politicians and world leaders can solve all the social problems. 4. Who is the passage intended for? A. People who haven’t decided on their career. B. People who have no interest in science. C. People who hope for the world peace. D. People who have little knowledge of science. Ⅱ.语法填空 Chinese scientists have created the world’s first light­based quantum (量子) computer, called Jiuzhang. It’s 1 breakthrough in the field after Google completed its quantum computer in 2019. 2 (compare) with today’s best supercomputers, Jiuzhang can calculate 100,000 billion times faster. Usually, data 3 (handle) in binary bits (二进位) by classical computers, presenting itself as either 0s or 1s. However, quantum computers process data using qubits (量子位), 4 is identified as 0s, 1s or everything in between. As a result, as the number of qubits 5 (increase), the computing ability of quantum computers rises too. Another advantage of Jiuzhang is that it’s 6 (easy) to make and maintain. Superconducting quantum computers must be kept at ultra­cold temperatures 7 (ensure) their materials can conduct electricity without any resistance. But most parts of Jiuzhang can operate at room temperature except its sensory equipment and it must be kept at -269.1℃. With advantages 8 traditional computers, quantum computers have a wide range of 9 (apply). The calculations carried out by Jiuzhang can 10 (potential) be applied to machine learning, quantum chemistry and graph theory. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Period 2 Learning About Language (分层作业) Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. (2024·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. 2. (2024·新课标全国Ⅱ卷)This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now — several decades before these developments are expected to take place. 3. You can now reference the nickname in your application as if it were a local table. 4. Perhaps it is because I am the youngest child and the only sister they have. 5. This is different from the hard disk, which is where files and stuff are permanently stored. 6. The trouble is that I never get through the weekly reading list though some books are quite interesting.  7. The doubt remains whether the house-owner or somebody else hid it there. 8. The burning question in this year’s debate over the federal budget is whose taxes should be raised. 9. The actual question we debate is who should pay for people to go to college.  10. The reason why the injection needs repeating every year is that the virus changes.  Ⅱ.从下列方框中选择一个短语，并用其正确形式填空： be linked to, be transformed into, blame...for, in time, once and for all, subscribe to, suspect...of, thanks to, in general, as a result (of) 1. Marriages usually break down as a result of the shortcomings of both partners.  2. If I had seen the advertisement in time I would have applied for the job. 3. Why don’t you negotiate directly with him and solve this issue once and for all? 4. Calorie consumption is linked to the amount of snacks one eats. 5. The food industry has, in general, been firmly opposed to such direct government action. 6. The energy released by the nuclear reaction is transformed into heat. 7. Don’t blame him for not working out the problem. After all, he is 8 years old. 8. Thanks to the automobile, Americans soon had a freedom of movement previously unknown. 9. The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers. 10. What evidence made you suspect her of having taken your money? I.语法与写作 1. But the bottom line is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. 但底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。 2. China has risen, and she is no longer what she used to be.  中国站起来了，她不再是从前那个中国了。 3. The problem is how we can protect the wild plants and animals.  问题是我们如何保护野生动植物。 4. That’s where parents can and do have some authority over their children. 那就是家长能够也有权利帮助自己的孩子的地方。 5. He walked painfully and it looked as if / though his legs had no strength to even carry him.  他走起路来很痛苦，两条腿似乎连支撑他的力量都没有了。 6. That’s because many people move to the southern part of China.  那是因为很多人搬到中国的南部去了。 II.根据课文内容，用适当的连接词完成下面短文： Last week, we read an article whose title is “ 1 John Snow defeats ‘King Cholera’”. Cholera, a severe disease, used to be 2 many people extremely feared in the world. Severe diarrhoea, dehydration and even death are 3 this disease causes. The greatest pity was 4 no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera 5 an outbreak of cholera hit Europe in the early 19th century. And that was 6 millions of people died from the disease, for 7 John Snow became frustrated; however, Snow’s desire was 8 he should destroy cholera once and for all. In those days, doctors had two theories to explain how cholera spread, one of 9 was 10 bad air caused it while the other was 11 it was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. The second one was also 12 Snow subscribed to. Later, through Snow’s tireless efforts, the truth he found out was 13 the infected water was to blame. So his suggestion to water companies was 14 they should sell clean water and examine the water. What’s more, 15 Snow used his maps and statistics transformed the way scientists study diseases. 【答案】1. How 2.what 3.what 4.that 5.when 6. why 7.which 8.that 9.which 10.that 11. that 12.what 13.that 14.that 15.how Ⅰ.阅读理解 What are the biggest problems that the society will have to deal with in the new age? There are diseases like AIDS and cancer. There’s climate change, of course. And what about producing enough cheap food and energy for the world’s growing population? Who’s going to handle all these terrible problems? Yes, politicians and world leaders will have a big part to play. Yes, businesses will need to create the economic wealth to pay for some of these things. But who’s going to make a much greater difference to something like AIDS or climate change? It’s going to be a scientist. It is the scientists who can transform some new results of science into new technologies to solve these problems. If you like thinking about the world around you, why not become a scientist? It doesn’t mean you have to wear a white coat and plastic glasses and spend all your time in a lab as most people often imagine! Scientists do multiple amazing things that are actually interesting! Military scientists develop not only new weapons but new military technologies that could help make wars out of date. Forensic (法医的) scientists work with the police to find quite small clues to catch criminals. Scientists work in schools and colleges as the teachers and professors who will train tomorrow’s scientists. Don’t think a scientist is far away! Maybe you like cooking. You could be a food technologist helping to keep fruit and vegetables fresh for longer. Perhaps sport is your thing. Do you know that most top athletes work with sports scientists in order to improve their performance? You could even be a science writer who gets to spend the life studying the latest advances and sharing them with the world. Looking for something to do for the rest of your life? My advice? Take a long and hard look at science. It is ever so interesting. 1. Why are many problems mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To suggest they are impossible to be solved. B. To introduce the causes of these problems. C. To show the author’s worry about the future world. D. To show scientists play an important part in solving them. 2. What do most people think the life of scientists? A. Amazing. B. Boring. C. Colourful. D. Unreal. 3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. Military technologies could help prevent wars in the future. B. For those interested in cooking, food technology may be a choice. C. Forensic scientists play an important part in dealing with crimes. D. Politicians and world leaders can solve all the social problems. 4. Who is the passage intended for? A. People who haven’t decided on their career. B. People who have no interest in science. C. People who hope for the world peace. D. People who have little knowledge of science. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者建议人们当科学家，科学家的工作事实上也很有趣。 答案　DBDA 1.解析　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“It is the scientists who can transform some new results of science into new technologies to solve these problems.”可知，科学家能够将新的科学成果变成新技术来解决这些问题。由此可推断，第一段提到诸多社会问题的目的是说明科学家在解决这些问题中起到的重要作用。故选D。 2.解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“It doesn't mean you have to wear a white coat and plastic glasses and spend all your time in a lab as most people often imagine！”可知，成为科学家并不像人们想象的那样：要穿上白大褂，带着塑料眼镜，把所有时间都花费在实验室里。由此可推断，大多数人认为科学家的工作是枯燥无趣的。故选B。 3.解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前两句“Military scientists develop not only ... clues to catch criminals.”以及第五、六句“Maybe you like cooking. You could be a food technologist helping to keep fruit and vegetables fresh for longer.”可知，军事科学家不仅开发新的武器，而且开发新的帮助阻止战争的军事技术。法医与警方合作，寻找细微的线索来抓捕罪犯。食品技术专家帮助保持水果和蔬菜新鲜的时间更长。而选项D“政治家和世界领袖可以解决所有社会问题”说法太绝对，且与文意不符。故选D。 4.解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Looking for something to do for the rest of your life? (你正在找余生可做的事情吗？)”可推断，文章是写给那些还没有决定自己职业的人。故选A。 Ⅱ.语法填空 Chinese scientists have created the world’s first light­based quantum (量子) computer, called Jiuzhang. It’s 1 breakthrough in the field after Google completed its quantum computer in 2019. 2 (compare) with today’s best supercomputers, Jiuzhang can calculate 100,000 billion times faster. Usually, data 3 (handle) in binary bits (二进位) by classical computers, presenting itself as either 0s or 1s. However, quantum computers process data using qubits (量子位), 4 is identified as 0s, 1s or everything in between. As a result, as the number of qubits 5 (increase), the computing ability of quantum computers rises too. Another advantage of Jiuzhang is that it’s 6 (easy) to make and maintain. Superconducting quantum computers must be kept at ultra­cold temperatures 7 (ensure) their materials can conduct electricity without any resistance. But most parts of Jiuzhang can operate at room temperature except its sensory equipment and it must be kept at -269.1℃. With advantages 8 traditional computers, quantum computers have a wide range of 9 (apply). The calculations carried out by Jiuzhang can 10 (potential) be applied to machine learning, quantum chemistry and graph theory. 【答案与解析】1. a 2. Compared 3. is handled 4. which 5. increases 6. easier 7. to ensure 8. over 9. applications 10. potentially 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家成功创造了世界上第一台光子的量子计算机“九章”，并介绍了它的工作原理和优势。 1. a　考查冠词。breakthrough意为“突破；重大进展”，为可数名词，句中泛指“一个突破”，应用不定冠词修饰，且breakthrough的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2. Compared　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词can calculate，且两者之间无连词，所以此处compare应用非谓语动词形式；句子主语Jiuzhang与compare之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用compare的过去分词形式在句中作状语，且位于句首，单词首字母大写，故填Compared。 3. is handled　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境和句中的Usually可知，句子表示的是经常性、习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时；句子主语data与handle之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且data用作“数据”时为不可数名词，故填is handled。 4. which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为qubits，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。 5. increases　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处为as引导的时间状语从句，且陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；increase意为“增加”，句中the number of意为“……的数量”，后接名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，故填increases。 6. easier　考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处是在介绍九章的优点，把九章和其他计算机进行比较，应用比较级，故填easier。 7. to ensure　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词must be kept，且与设空处之间无连词，所以此处ensure为非谓语动词。“确保其材料能够在没有任何电阻的情况下导电”是“超导量子计算机必须保持在超低温下”的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to ensure。 8. over　考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示的是“量子计算机的优势超过传统计算机”。advantages over意为“优于……”，故填over。 9. applications　考查名词和名词的数。分析句子可知，a wide range of意为“广泛的……”，后接可数名词复数作宾语，故填applications。 10. potentially　考查副词。be applied to意为“应用于”，为动词短语，前面应用副词修饰，故填potentially。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$