精品解析：江苏省南京市中华中学2024-2025学年高二9月月考英语试卷

江苏省南京市中华中学2024-2025学年 高二上学期英语9月月考试卷 全卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）（略） 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。 A Jitterbug Flip2. Our easiest Jitterbug phone ever. The Jitterbug Flip2, from the makers of the original easy-to-use cell phone, has big buttons and a Urgent Response button on the keypad. EASY TO USE Today, cell phones are hard to hear, difficult to dial (拨号) and overloaded with features you may never use. That’s not the case with the Jitterbug Flip2. A large screen, big buttons, and one-touch speed dialing make it easy to call family and friends, and the powerful speaker ensures every conversation will be loud and clear. EASY TO ENJOY Wherever you go, a built-in camera makes it easy and fun for you to film and share your favorite memories. Plus, the flashlight and built-in magnifier (放大镜) help you see in dark areas. EASY TO BE PREPARED Life has a way of being unpredictable, but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained Agent who can confirm your location, judge your situation and get you the help you need, 24/7. The Jitterbug Flip2 is one of the most affordable cell phones on the market and comes with reliable nationwide coverage. With no long-term contracts or cancellation fees, you can switch plans anytime. 1. How can you get help with Jitterbug Flip2 in face of danger? A. By monitoring around the clock. B. By checking your present location. C. By judging your future uncertainty. D. By pressing a button and speaking. 2. Who may favor Jitterbug Flip2 most? A. The students. B. The elderly. C. The disabled. D. The leaders. 3. What is one of the features of the plans of Jitterbug Flip2? A. Zero hidden monthly fees. B. Not many long-term contracts. C. Most reliable international coverage. D. Mainly U. S. -based customer service. B It has been five years since I left my staff job and became self-employed. I remember my terror as I walked out of the office for the last time and the excitement when I sold my first piece days later. Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days. When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the central heating and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me — after masses of work, I earned none. I shared my fears with some businesswomen I knew — what if the reality would be more like what I was experiencing? Whether through choice or circumstance, the number of freelancers is rising and, if you’re just starting out, it is scary. I’ve been lucky that these women making money their own way shared key lessons about what it takes. You can’t feel half-hearted about what you do because, at some point, you’re going to have painful days. When that happens, you have to remember why you wanted this life in the first place. Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about. Setting up a business is tough. Rather than waiting until all is perfect, go for the moment when it feels as if momentum (势头) is with you. Look after yourself. There is no sick pay when you are self-employed. You can’t do a bad day’s work and blame it on your boss. You are the backbone of your business and you need to prioritize your health and well-being. Rest regularly and find like-minded people to support you and lift you up when things get hard. Finally enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better. 4. What does the underlined word “blissful” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Pleasant. B. challenging. C. Awful. D. Boring. 5. What bothered the author when winter came? A. The cold weather influenced her working performance. B. She eventually realized freelancing wasn’t to her taste. C. Masses of freelancing work brought her much anxiety. D. She couldn’t even earn enough to meet daily basics. 6. According to the author, why should we quit for a new job? A. To escape from the current pain. B. To satisfy our temporary interests. C. To explore where our strength lies. D. To pursue what we really desire. 7. What’s author’s probable attitude towards becoming freelancers? A. Critical. B. Favorable. C. Cautious. D. Unclear. C Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes— like swapping a frozen meat lasagne (宽面条) for the vegetarian option— could push the reduction to as much as 71%. Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high- income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options. Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households in The George Institute’s FoodSwitch database and global environmental impact datasets. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub- categories of foods(e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub- categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equivalent to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%. The results of the study show the potential to significantly reduce our environmental impact by switching like- for- like products. “It showed that you can switch to lower emissions products while still enjoying nutritious foods,” Dr Gaines added. A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star(high emissions) to five stars (low emissions). “While ecoSwitch is a much- needed first step in providing environmental transparency (透明度) for grocery shoppers, the vision is for compulsive display of a single, standardised sustainability rating system on all supermarket products,” concluded prof Neal, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at Imperial College London. 8. What does the author want to show by listing numbers in paragraph 1? A. The impact of food industry. B. The need of changing daily diet. C. The status of environmental problems. D. The influencing factors of gas emissions. 9. Why do researchers make a detailed classification for products? A. To set up a comprehensive database. B. To figure out the detailed food categories. C. To identify emissions reduced by switching food. D. To ensure less air pollution caused by food options. 10. What do we know about ecoSwitch? A. It is popular in high- income countries. B. It checks the emissions of star products. C. It is a measurement system for a supermarket. D. It ensures wiser choices for food purchase. 11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. EcoSwitch makes customers aware of food risk. B. Food swaps contribute to environmental sustainability. C. Environmental problems account for less food nutrition. D. Greenhouse gas emissions have an effect on food safety. D One by one, prejudices are disappearing in the West. People may hold private suspicions that other people’s race or sex makes them inferior — but to say so openly is totally taboo (禁忌). One old prejudice remains undisturbed, though. Just ask a childless person. They are not charged to special taxes, as they were in Soviet Russia; nor are they driven from their homes, as they still are in some poor countries. The childless nonetheless come in for a lot of criticism. Some point out that non-parents are failing to produce the future workers who will pay for their pensions. Childless politicians are charged with not having a proper stake in society. “He talks to us about the future, but he doesn’t have children!” complained Jean-Marie Le Pen, co-founder of the National Front party, of Emmanuel Macron, who went on to win the French presidency. Similar attacks on Theresa May and Angela Merkel also failed but researchers find that many voters quietly agree. If non-breeders are selfish, they have a strange way of showing it. They are more likely to set up charitable foundations than people with children, and much more likely to donate money to good causes. According to one American estimate, the mere fact of not having children raises the amount a person leaves to charity by a little over $10,000. The childless are thus a small but useful counterweight to the world’s parents, who stop social stability by passing on their social and economic advantages to their children. The charge that childless people fail to pull their weight in population is correct, but is less serious than it appears. Those who do not have children do put pressure on public pension systems. Governments have to do unpopular things like making pensions less generous, as Japan has done, or accepting more immigrants, as some Western countries have done. But to sustain public pensions in the long term, countries do not actually need more parents. What they need instead is more babies. It is possible to combine a high rate of childlessness with a high birth rate, provided people who become parents have more than one or two children. That was the pattern in many Western countries a century ago. Ireland, yet another country with a childless leader, still manages it today. The childless also do everyone else a favor by creating wonderful works of art. British novelists have been especially likely to have no offspring: think of Hilary Mantel, P.G Wodehouse and the Bronte sisters. In September last year Britain put Jane Austen on its ten-pound note. That decision was controversial, though it was hard to see why. Few people have written as shrewdly about money or about families even though Austen did not marry, and had no children. 12. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. The childless often come under sharp criticism. B. Childlessness is to future workers’ disadvantage. C. Many highly successful people have no children D. The childless politicians get attacked in society. 13. The childless are prejudiced because people think the childless ______. A. have a strange way to show selfishness B. set a bad example for young people C. are not as generous as those with children D. are the government’s financial burden 14. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A Accepting more immigrants. B. Reducing the pensions for the aged. C. Encouraging parents to have more children. D. Supporting the political leaders with no children. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. In defense of the childless. B. Prejudice against non-breeders. C. Why don’t they have children? D. Measures to address childlessness. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Keep current with facts about electric cars Sales of electric vehicles (EV) grew 40 percent last year worldwide. Stateside, nearly a third of drivers want their next car to be electric. ____16____ Almost 100 pure-electric vehicles are set to come into the market by the end of 2024. Many manufacturers, including GM, Jeep, and Volvo, have promised to offer fully electric lineups before this decade is done. ____17____ Tesla's upcoming reimagined Roadster will start at $200000, while Tesla's current cheapest model is $41,000. Plenty of other EVs are even more affordable. Chevy, Nissan, and Hyundai all offer models for around S30,000. When assessing the cost of an EV, keep in mind that some models will even qualify you for a federal tax credit (联邦税收抵免) of up to $7,500. ____18____ A typical EV owner spends between $6,000 and $10,000 less than a conventional car owner on vehicle maintenance. One reason: EVs don’t have transmissions or clutches, two of the costliest parts to repair. There are about 22,000 public charging ports nationwide, a number that is expected to be more than three times by 2023. But for most EV owners, charging at home is the way to go. ____19____ The average EV gets about 250 miles from a full charge, which is far less than the distance most gas-powered cars can go on a full tank. But EVs are catching up. Tesla comes the closest. Its newer 2021 version gets closer to 500. ____20____ BMW makes a fast-charging system that adds about 60 miles of drive time in about six minutes. A. They'll have options. B. But electric cars are nothing new. C. Then there are the long-term savings. D. Chargingg technology is also improving. E. Some EVs are still eye-wateringly expensive. F. The battery is usually the entire floor of the vehicle. G. It takes longer, but you can do it overnight when electricity is cheapest. 第三部分：语言应用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 What guides my successful teaching career comes from my Dad’s tire shop. He____21____the tire business when I was in high school. I began working for him. Although I had little____22____ with things connected with motor vehicles, I____23____to learn and work hard. My main motivation was to have customers____24____him because of my work ethic (职业道德). When I was in the shop, I was____25____, not sitting around chatting with the other guys. The work was exhausting but____26____. I had to remove the tires and____27____a new one to the vehicles outside even in the hot summers. Two of my dad’s____28____were sanitation (公共卫生)companies. I well remember times when garbage trucks, full of the morning’s collection,____29____my dad’s lot with a flat tire on the way to the rubbish dump. It was my job to_____30_____underneath the ill-smelling truck to set the jack, often while a(an)_____31_____liquid fell on me. After a day at the tire shop, I was often_____32_____, covered in dirt._____33_____, employment in the tire shop afford life lessons in meaning, perseverance, and fulfillment. Now, whenever I return and visit the tire shop, I_____34_____the cars and trucks I serviced, and the thousands of wheels I fixed. More importantly, I also remember the great feeling of_____35_____that accompanies honest labor, no matter where it is accomplished. 21. A. predicted B. purchased C. assessed D. abandoned 22. A. trouble B. experiment C. experience D. luck 23. A. pretended B. promised C. regretted D. resolved 24. A. get hold of B. tend to C. think well of D. get along with 25. A. engaged B. stressed C. quiet D. anxious 26. A. rewarding B. simple C. demanding D. enjoyable 27. A. deliver B. fit C. repair D. locate 28. A. friends B. partners C. regulars D. companions 29. A. pulled out of B. squeezed into C. stopped by D. pulled into 30. A. crawl B. kneel C. slide D. stretch 31. A. fragrant B. unpleasant C. thick D. colorless 32. A. worn out B. confused C. left out D. upset 33. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise 34. A. describe B. recognize C. spot D. recall 35. A. curiosity B. ambition C. relief D. satisfaction 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What’s old is new again. The mamianqun or horse-face skirt is being worn in cities like Shanghai, Beijing and Chengdu as young people in China are giving the dress a progressive and modern twist, with ______36______ (convention) matches and choices of fabrics. The mamianqun ______37______ (originate) in the Song Dynasty. It is a traditional dress, ______38______ design features colourful pleated (起褶的) silk that creates an amazing visual effect. The ______39______ (popular) of the skirt has been wrapped into a broader trend called xinzhongshi, or new Chinese style - which integrates all manners of contemporary design with traditional Chinese aesthetics (美学). On Chinese social media platforms Weibo and Xiaohongshu, ______40______ (search) for new Chinese style and new Chinese style clothes labels have exceeded 100 million since early April 2024. On Xiaohongshu, a 33-year-old user ______41______ (name) Liumei frequently gives tips on how to style Chinese clothing. In one post, she demonstrated how you can top an oversized pink sweatshirt with a black mamianqun, ______42______ (pair) it with a matching baseball cap and sneakers. “More and more young people are willing ______43______ (apply) traditional cultures as a new way to express their attitudes. That’s very cool,” she said. The tides (潮流) she believes have turned in the last decade or so with young Chinese becoming more aware of their place in the world ______44______ hugging China’s culture and history. A report released by Douyin, China’s TikTok, in March 2024, showed an 841% increase in the sale of the mamianqun skirts on its e-commerce platform compared ______45______ the year before. 第四部分 词汇运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节：单词填空（共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分） 46. Although red foxes are n____________ to Europe and Asia, they have migrated to other continents. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. By carefully f____________ the broth (肉汤) with fresh herbs, the chef created a harmony of tastes. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. Daily exercise such as stretching develops flexibility as o____________ to strength. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49. It is our duty to carefully e____________ research method to ensure reliable results in the experiment. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. In the concert, the singer was a____________ on the piano by her sister. (根据首字母单词拼写) 51. It is 2,300 metres above sea level, so a given v____________ of air contains only about one-third as much oxygen as it would at sea level. (根据首字母单词拼写) 52. The latest smartphone with its advanced feature is g____________ most attention from teen enthusiasts and media alike. (根据首字母单词拼写) 53. Storms s____________ along New Mexico’s border with Texas this morning, destroying homes and other buildings. (根据首字母单词拼写) 54. A small colour television was ____________ (调频) to an afternoon soap opera. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. The new policy document included several ____________ (重视) on reducing the environmental impact while optimizing operations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 56. She gathered ____________ (疏松) soil and let it filter slowly through her fingers. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 57. In a year marked by renewed ____________ (热情) for outdoor activities China’s urban landscapes have changed into vibrant hubs of social engagement. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. Most of his poems are ____________ (变体) on the theme of love. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 59. The company ____________ (统治) the market for operating system software in the past three decades. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 60. Counselling can teach people to handle negative ____________ (情绪) such as fear and anger. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第二节：单句语法填空（共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分） 61. In recent years, the movie industry has undergone a dramatic _____________ (transform). (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. To uphold the truth that we are all worthy ____________ (notice), the organization strives to ensure that every individual’s voice and contribution are recognized. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. Engage some volunteers in the Hope Project, and your________(combine)efforts may reap rich rewards. （所给词的适当形式填空） 64. To guarantee the security of the sensitive data, there is no choice but ____________(surround) the system with advanced encryption measures and continuous monitoring. (所给词的适当形式填空) 65. ____________ (strike) by the beauty of the painting, he was deeply impressed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 66. The police found the lost treasure in an __________(abandon) well. (所给词的适当形式填空) 67. The picture drawn by Qi Baishi is just one of the treasures in their ____________(possess). (所给词的适当形式填空) 68. The curriculum allows ____________ (adapt) the lessons to meet the diverse needs of the students. (所给词的适当形式填空) 69. It was in the final rehearsal that they fully grasped what they meant ____________ (compose) a piece of romance for the final competition. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70. The breakup was as ____________ (upset) as the realization that they had grown apart over the years, despite all the good memories they shared. (所给词适当形式填空) 71. Roy told his ____________ (sorrow) tale with simple words anybody could understand. (所给词的适当形式填空) 72. ____________(occupy) with scientific research, he couldn’t spare time to contact his family. (所给词的适当形式填空) 73. ____________ (compare) those renowned people, you’ll find that they have much in common. (所给词的适当形式填空) 74. ____________ (overcome) by a burst of inspiration leads her to sketch out what is in her vision. (所给词的适当形式填空) 75. Her performance on stage was marked by such ____________(brilliant) that the audience was captivated by her every move and note. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第五部分：写作（共一节，满分25分） 第一节 （满分25分） 76. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After flying all night, I was tired as I arrived in Denver to hold an event on positive thinking. As I entered the lecture hall, Dr. Fred Vogt asked me, “Do you know about the Make-A-Wish Foundation?” “Yes,” I replied. “Well, a 17-year-old girl Amy Graham has been diagnosed as having terminal (晚期的) cancer. Doctors gave her three days. Her dying wish was to attend your lecture.” I was shocked. I felt a combination of awe and doubt. I couldn’t believe it. I thought kids who were dying would want to go see Disneyland, or suchlike. Why would a kid with only a few days to live want to spend their final days listening to a motivational speaker? Suddenly my thoughts were interrupted… “Here’s Amy.” Before me stood a girl wearing a bright red hat to cover her head, which was bald from all of the treatments. Her weak body was a bit bent. She said, “My two goals were to graduate from high school and to attend your lecture. My doctors didn’t believe I could do either and they didn’t think I’d have enough energy. I have to rely on my parents now.” Tears welled in my eyes; I was choked up. My mind was being shaken. I cleared my throat and smiled, “Thanks for wanting to come.” We hugged, wiped our eyes and separated. That Sunday afternoon I held the workshop that Amy and her parents attended. The audience was packed to overflowing with over a thousand attendees eager to learn, grow and become more fully human. I humbly asked the audience if they wanted to learn a healing process that might serve them for life. From the stage it appeared that everyone’s hand was raised high in the air. I taught the audience how to vigorously (用力地) rub their hands together, separate them by two inches and feel the healing energy. Then I paired them off with a partner to feel the healing energy from themselves to another, explaining that everyone had healing potential to support others. 注意： 1. 续写短文词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 At that point an idea struck me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With a round of applause, Amy’s dad led her off the stage. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江苏省南京市中华中学2024-2025学年 高二上学期英语9月月考试卷 全卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）（略） 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项选出最佳选项。 A Jitterbug Flip2. Our easiest Jitterbug phone ever. The Jitterbug Flip2, from the makers of the original easy-to-use cell phone, has big buttons and a Urgent Response button on the keypad. EASY TO USE Today, cell phones are hard to hear, difficult to dial (拨号) and overloaded with features you may never use. That’s not the case with the Jitterbug Flip2. A large screen, big buttons, and one-touch speed dialing make it easy to call family and friends, and the powerful speaker ensures every conversation will be loud and clear. EASY TO ENJOY Wherever you go, a built-in camera makes it easy and fun for you to film and share your favorite memories. Plus, the flashlight and built-in magnifier (放大镜) help you see in dark areas. EASY TO BE PREPARED Life has a way of being unpredictable, but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained Agent who can confirm your location, judge your situation and get you the help you need, 24/7. The Jitterbug Flip2 is one of the most affordable cell phones on the market and comes with reliable nationwide coverage. With no long-term contracts or cancellation fees, you can switch plans anytime. 1. How can you get help with Jitterbug Flip2 in face of danger? A. By monitoring around the clock. B. By checking your present location. C. By judging your future uncertainty. D. By pressing a button and speaking. 2. Who may favor Jitterbug Flip2 most? A. The students. B. The elderly. C. The disabled. D. The leaders. 3. What is one of the features of the plans of Jitterbug Flip2? A. Zero hidden monthly fees. B. Not many long-term contracts. C. Most reliable international coverage. D. Mainly U. S. -based customer service. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了智能机Jitterbug Flip2的有关信息，包括其性能介绍、订阅服务以及促销活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据EASY TO BE PREPARED中的“but you can be prepared in an uncertain or unsafe situation with Urgent Response Service. Simply press the Urgent Response button to speak with a highly trained Agent who can confirm your location, judge your situation and get you the help you need, 24/7.(但你可以在不确定或危险的情况下做好准备，使用紧急响应服务非常有用。只需按下紧急响应按钮，即可与经过训练有素的代理通话，他可以确认您的位置，评估你的情况，每时每刻为你提供帮助。)”可知，危险情况下，只需摁下紧急反应键与受过高级训练的经纪人讲话。故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段对Jitterbug Flip2的描述“The Jitterbug Flip2, from the makers of the original easy-to-use cell phone, has big buttons and a Urgent Response button on the keypad.(Jitterbug Flip2是最早的易用手机制造商生产的，它有大按键，键盘上还有一个紧急响应按键。)”以及打折图标中“GRANDPARENT’S DAY”可推知，老年人会最喜爱这款智能机。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据套餐服务图标部分的“No hidden monthly fees(没有隐藏的每月费用)”可知，Jitterbug Flip2无隐藏资费。故选A。 【点睛】 B It has been five years since I left my staff job and became self-employed. I remember my terror as I walked out of the office for the last time and the excitement when I sold my first piece days later. Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days. When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the central heating and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me — after masses of work, I earned none. I shared my fears with some businesswomen I knew — what if the reality would be more like what I was experiencing? Whether through choice or circumstance, the number of freelancers is rising and, if you’re just starting out, it is scary. I’ve been lucky that these women making money their own way shared key lessons about what it takes. You can’t feel half-hearted about what you do because, at some point, you’re going to have painful days. When that happens, you have to remember why you wanted this life in the first place. Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about. Setting up a business is tough. Rather than waiting until all is perfect, go for the moment when it feels as if momentum (势头) is with you. Look after yourself. There is no sick pay when you are self-employed. You can’t do a bad day’s work and blame it on your boss. You are the backbone of your business and you need to prioritize your health and well-being. Rest regularly and find like-minded people to support you and lift you up when things get hard. Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better. 4. What does the underlined word “blissful” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Pleasant. B. challenging. C. Awful. D. Boring. 5. What bothered the author when winter came? A. The cold weather influenced her working performance. B. She eventually realized freelancing wasn’t to her taste. C. Masses of freelancing work brought her much anxiety. D. She couldn’t even earn enough to meet daily basics. 6. According to the author, why should we quit for a new job? A. To escape from the current pain. B. To satisfy our temporary interests. C. To explore where our strength lies. D. To pursue what we really desire. 7. What’s author’s probable attitude towards becoming freelancers? A. Critical. B. Favorable. C. Cautious. D. Unclear. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者离开了稳定的工作，成为了一个自由职业者，并通过其在离职后经历的困难为那些打算成为自由职业者的人们提供了自己的建议，并明确支持自由就业。 【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段的“It has been five years since I left my staff job and became self-employed. I remember my terror as I walked out of the office for the last time and the excitement when I sold my first piece days later. Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days.(自从我离开我的员工工作成为个体户已经五年了。我还记得最后一次走出办公室时的恐惧，以及几天后卖出第一件作品时的兴奋。为自己工作，设定自己的时间，对自己的成功或失败负责，这些都是令人兴奋的。夏天刚开始，我就离开了我的工作，我的头几个月就像晴天一样blissful。)”可知，作者做自由职业者的初始几个月是很顺利的，因此心情很愉快。blissful意为“快乐的，愉悦的”，与Pleasant意思一致。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the central heating and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers, and it was no different for me — after masses of work, I earned none.(当冬天来临的时候，一间由别人支付中央供暖费用并保证我的工资的办公室似乎很有吸引力。一月对于自由职业者来说是艰难的，对我来说也一样——在做了大量的工作之后，我一无所获。)”可知，作者在1月的冬天遭遇了挫折，做了大量的工作之后一无所获，甚至挣不到足够的钱来维持供暖这样的日常基本生活开支。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about.(不要因为你认为可能更有趣的事情而辞职，要因为你无法停止思考的事情而辞职。)”可知，作者认为辞职去找一份新工作是因为心中放不下自己想做的事情，即要去追求我们真正渴望的东西。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better.(最后，享受它。自由是你的，如果你能让它发挥作用，那就再好不过了。)”可知，作者对从事自由职业持支持态度。故选B。 C Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes— like swapping a frozen meat lasagne (宽面条) for the vegetarian option— could push the reduction to as much as 71%. Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high- income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options. Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households in The George Institute’s FoodSwitch database and global environmental impact datasets. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub- categories of foods(e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub- categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equivalent to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%. The results of the study show the potential to significantly reduce our environmental impact by switching like- for- like products. “It showed that you can switch to lower emissions products while still enjoying nutritious foods,” Dr Gaines added. A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star(high emissions) to five stars (low emissions). “While ecoSwitch is a much- needed first step in providing environmental transparency (透明度) for grocery shoppers, the vision is for compulsive display of a single, standardised sustainability rating system on all supermarket products,” concluded prof Neal, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at Imperial College London. 8. What does the author want to show by listing numbers in paragraph 1? A The impact of food industry. B. The need of changing daily diet. C. The status of environmental problems. D. The influencing factors of gas emissions. 9. Why do researchers make a detailed classification for products? A. To set up a comprehensive database. B. To figure out the detailed food categories. C. To identify emissions reduced by switching food. D. To ensure less air pollution caused by food options. 10. What do we know about ecoSwitch? A. It is popular in high- income countries. B. It checks the emissions of star products. C. It is a measurement system for a supermarket. D. It ensures wiser choices for food purchase. 11. What does the text mainly talk about? A. EcoSwitch makes customers aware of food risk. B. Food swaps contribute to environmental sustainability. C. Environmental problems account for less food nutrition. D. Greenhouse gas emissions have an effect on food safety. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了一项新的澳大利亚研究，该研究探讨了通过选择更环保的食品和饮料替代品来减少家庭杂货购买所产生的温室气体排放。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes— like swapping a frozen meat lasagne (宽面条) for the vegetarian option— could push the reduction to as much as 71%. (根据乔治研究所发表在《自然食品》上的一项新的澳大利亚研究，将食品和饮料的购买转向非常相似但更环保的替代品，可以将家庭杂货的温室气体排放量减少四分之一以上(26%)。做出更大的改变——比如把冷冻肉千层面换成素食——可能会使碳排放减少多达71%。)”可知，作者在第一段列举数字是想说明改变日常饮食的需要。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub- categories of foods(e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub- categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equivalent to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%. (超过22,000种产品被分配到食品的主要、次要和次类别(例如“面包和烘焙”、“面包”和“白面包”)，以量化通过在组内和组间转换而节省的排放量。在相同的食品子类中进行转换可以使澳大利亚的排放量减少26%，相当于减少190万辆汽车的排放量。在较小类别的食品中进行转换可能会导致更大的71%的减排。)”可知，研究人员对产品进行详细的分类是为了确定通过转换食物减少的排放量。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star(high emissions) to five stars (low emissions). (基于这项研究，澳大利亚开发了一款名为ecoSwitch的免费应用程序。购物者可以用他们的设备扫描产品条形码，查看产品的“行星健康评级”，这是一种衡量产品排放的指标，从半星(高排放)到五星(低排放)不等。)”以及最后一段““While ecoSwitch is a much- needed first step in providing environmental transparency (透明度) for grocery shoppers, the vision is for compulsive display of a single, standardised sustainability rating system on all supermarket products,” concluded prof Neal, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at Imperial College London. (伦敦帝国理工学院临床流行病学教授尼尔教授总结道：“虽然ecoSwitch是为杂货店购物者提供环境透明度的急需的第一步，但其愿景是在所有超市产品上强制展示单一、标准化的可持续性评级系统。”)”可知，ecoSwitch保证了购买食物时更明智的选择。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes— like swapping a frozen meat lasagne (宽面条) for the vegetarian option— could push the reduction to as much as 71%. (根据乔治研究所发表在《自然食品》上的一项新的澳大利亚研究，将食品和饮料的购买转向非常相似但更环保的替代品，可以将家庭杂货的温室气体排放量减少四分之一以上(26%)。做出更大的改变——比如把冷冻肉千层面换成素食——可能会使碳排放减少多达71%。)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了食物交换有助于环境的可持续性。故选B项。 D One by one, prejudices are disappearing in the West. People may hold private suspicions that other people’s race or sex makes them inferior — but to say so openly is totally taboo (禁忌). One old prejudice remains undisturbed, though. Just ask a childless person. They are not charged to special taxes, as they were in Soviet Russia; nor are they driven from their homes, as they still are in some poor countries. The childless nonetheless come in for a lot of criticism. Some point out that non-parents are failing to produce the future workers who will pay for their pensions. Childless politicians are charged with not having a proper stake in society. “He talks to us about the future, but he doesn’t have children!” complained Jean-Marie Le Pen, co-founder of the National Front party, of Emmanuel Macron, who went on to win the French presidency. Similar attacks on Theresa May and Angela Merkel also failed but researchers find that many voters quietly agree. If non-breeders are selfish, they have a strange way of showing it. They are more likely to set up charitable foundations than people with children, and much more likely to donate money to good causes. According to one American estimate, the mere fact of not having children raises the amount a person leaves to charity by a little over $10,000. The childless are thus a small but useful counterweight to the world’s parents, who stop social stability by passing on their social and economic advantages to their children. The charge that childless people fail to pull their weight in population is correct, but is less serious than it appears. Those who do not have children do put pressure on public pension systems. Governments have to do unpopular things like making pensions less generous, as Japan has done, or accepting more immigrants, as some Western countries have done. But to sustain public pensions in the long term, countries do not actually need more parents. What they need instead is more babies. It is possible to combine a high rate of childlessness with a high birth rate, provided people who become parents have more than one or two children. That was the pattern in many Western countries a century ago. Ireland, yet another country with a childless leader, still manages it today. The childless also do everyone else a favor by creating wonderful works of art. British novelists have been especially likely to have no offspring: think of Hilary Mantel, P.G Wodehouse and the Bronte sisters. In September last year Britain put Jane Austen on its ten-pound note. That decision was controversial, though it was hard to see why. Few people have written as shrewdly about money or about families even though Austen did not marry, and had no children. 12. What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A. The childless often come under sharp criticism. B. Childlessness is to future workers’ disadvantage. C Many highly successful people have no children D. The childless politicians get attacked in society. 13. The childless are prejudiced because people think the childless ______. A. have a strange way to show selfishness B. set a bad example for young people C are not as generous as those with children D. are the government’s financial burden 14. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Accepting more immigrants. B. Reducing the pensions for the aged. C. Encouraging parents to have more children. D. Supporting the political leaders with no children. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. In defense of the childless. B. Prejudice against non-breeders. C. Why don’t they have children? D. Measures to address childlessness. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了当今社会对不生孩子的偏见，并认为对无子女者的指控应当驳回，他们的存在为社会产生很多好处。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“The childless nonetheless come in for a lot of criticism. (尽管如此，没有孩子的人还是受到了很多批评。)”并结合下文可知，本段主要讲述了无子女者常常遭受尖锐批判。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Some point out that non-parents are failing to produce the future workers who will pay for their pensions. (一些人指出，非父母者无法培养出未来的工人来支付养老金。)”和倒数第二段中的“Those who do not have children do put pressure on public pension systems. Governments have to do unpopular things like making pensions less generous, as Japan has done, or accepting more immigrants, as some Western countries have done. (那些没有孩子的人确实给公共养老金系统带来了压力。政府不得不做一些不受欢迎的事情，比如像日本那样降低养老金的慷慨程度，或者像一些西方国家那样接受更多的移民。)”可知，由于无子女者没有生孩子来为养老金系统作贡献，这会给公共养老金系统带来压力，政府不得不做一些不受欢迎的事情。由此可推测出，无子女者遭受人们的偏见是因为人们认为他们成为政府的经济负担。故选D。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词it所在句的前文“It is possible to combine a high rate of childlessness with a high birth rate, provided people who become parents have more than one or two children. That was the pattern in many Western countries a century ago. (如果成为父母的人有一个或两个以上的孩子，就有可能把高无子女率和高出生率结合起来。这是一个世纪前许多西方国家的模式。)”可知，画线词it指代前文的内容，即一个世纪前许多国家采取的模式是鼓励成为父母的人生孩子，从而兼顾高无子女率与高出生率。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段最后一句“One old prejudice remains undisturbed, though. Just ask a childless person. (然而，一种古老的偏见仍然受人尊敬。问问一个没有孩子的人就知道了。)”引出话题：无子女者遭受偏见；第二段具体讲述了无子女者面对的批判；接下来几段作者分别从慈善、政治能力、人口增长、艺术文学贡献等方面讲述无子女者的贡献。由此可推测出，本文主要指出人们对无子女者的偏见，并为无子女者辩护，由此可推测出，A项“为无子女者辩护”最适合作本文标题。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Keep current with facts about electric cars Sales of electric vehicles (EV) grew 40 percent last year worldwide. Stateside, nearly a third of drivers want their next car to be electric. ____16____ Almost 100 pure-electric vehicles are set to come into the market by the end of 2024. Many manufacturers, including GM, Jeep, and Volvo, have promised to offer fully electric lineups before this decade is done. ____17____ Tesla's upcoming reimagined Roadster will start at $200,000, while Tesla's current cheapest model is $41,000. Plenty of other EVs are even more affordable. Chevy, Nissan, and Hyundai all offer models for around S30,000. When assessing the cost of an EV, keep in mind that some models will even qualify you for a federal tax credit (联邦税收抵免) of up to $7,500. ____18____ A typical EV owner spends between $6,000 and $10,000 less than a conventional car owner on vehicle maintenance. One reason: EVs don’t have transmissions or clutches, two of the costliest parts to repair. There are about 22,000 public charging ports nationwide, a number that is expected to be more than three times by 2023. But for most EV owners, charging at home is the way to go. ____19____ The average EV gets about 250 miles from a full charge, which is far less than the distance most gas-powered cars can go on a full tank. But EVs are catching up. Tesla comes the closest. Its newer 2021 version gets closer to 500. ____20____ BMW makes a fast-charging system that adds about 60 miles of drive time in about six minutes. A. They'll have options. B. But electric cars are nothing new. C. Then there are the long-term savings. D. Chargingg technology is also improving. E. Some EVs are still eye-wateringly expensive. F. The battery is usually the entire floor of the vehicle. G. It takes longer, but you can do it overnight when electricity is cheapest. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【分析】文章是一篇说明文，介绍了当今电动汽车的现状，以及未来的发展趋势。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Stateside, nearly a third of drivers want their next car to be electric.”（在美国，有大约三分之一司机的下一辆汽车会选择电动车）和下文“Almost 100 pure-electric vehicles are set to come into the market by the end of 2024.”（到2024年末，有将近100辆纯电动汽车进入市场）可知，选项承接上文，说明消费者面临的选择更多了。They指代的是上文的drivers。故A选项“因此他们会有更多的选择”切题。故选A。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Tesla's upcoming reimagined Roadster will start at $200,000, while Tesla's current cheapest model is $41,000.”（特斯拉即将推出的新款Roadster起价为20万美元，而特斯拉目前最便宜的车型为4.1万美元）可知，选项承接下文说明现在的电动车价格都很贵。E选项“一些电动汽车仍然昂贵得令人瞠目结舌”，和下文呼应，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据下文“A typical EV owner spends between $6,000 and $10,000 less than a conventional car owner on vehicle maintenance.（一个普通的电动汽车车主在汽车维护上的花费比普通汽车车主少6000到10000美元）可知，将电动车主和传统车主花费的钱对比，凸显电动汽车花费的少。故C选项“而且还能长期的省钱”呼应下文，故选C。 【19题详解】 根据上文“But for most EV owners, charging at home is the way to go.”（对大多数电动车车主来说，在家充电会是一个好办法）可知，选项这里要介绍在家充电的好处，故G选项“这会花更多的时间，但是你可以在电费最便宜的时候充一整晚”切题。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“The average EV gets about 250 miles from a full charge, which is far less than the distance most gas-powered cars can go on a full tank. But EVs are catching up. Tesla comes the closest. Its newer 2021 version gets closer to 500.”（电动汽车的平均充电里程约为250英里，远低于大多数汽油动力汽车在油箱加满后的行驶里程。但电动汽车正在迎头赶上。特斯拉最接近。新的2021版本接近500英里）可知，选项承接上文说明技术在不断进步。故D选项“充电技术还在不断创新”切题。且呼应下文BMW公司对于充电方面所付出的努力和创新。故选D项。 第三部分：语言应用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 What guides my successful teaching career comes from my Dad’s tire shop. He____21____the tire business when I was in high school. I began working for him. Although I had little____22____ with things connected with motor vehicles, I____23____to learn and work hard. My main motivation was to have customers____24____him because of my work ethic (职业道德). When I was in the shop, I was____25____, not sitting around chatting with the other guys. The work was exhausting but____26____. I had to remove the tires and____27____a new one to the vehicles outside even in the hot summers. Two of my dad’s____28____were sanitation (公共卫生)companies. I well remember times when garbage trucks, full of the morning’s collection,____29____my dad’s lot with a flat tire on the way to the rubbish dump. It was my job to_____30_____underneath the ill-smelling truck to set the jack, often while a(an)_____31_____liquid fell on me. After a day at the tire shop, I was often_____32_____, covered in dirt._____33_____, employment in the tire shop afford life lessons in meaning, perseverance, and fulfillment. Now, whenever I return and visit the tire shop, I_____34_____the cars and trucks I serviced, and the thousands of wheels I fixed. More importantly, I also remember the great feeling of_____35_____that accompanies honest labor, no matter where it is accomplished. 21. A. predicted B. purchased C. assessed D. abandoned 22. A. trouble B. experiment C. experience D. luck 23. A. pretended B. promised C. regretted D. resolved 24. A. get hold of B. tend to C. think well of D. get along with 25. A. engaged B. stressed C. quiet D. anxious 26. A. rewarding B. simple C. demanding D. enjoyable 27. A. deliver B. fit C. repair D. locate 28. A. friends B. partners C. regulars D. companions 29. A. pulled out of B. squeezed into C. stopped by D. pulled into 30. A. crawl B. kneel C. slide D. stretch 31. A. fragrant B. unpleasant C. thick D. colorless 32. A. worn out B. confused C. left out D. upset 33. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise 34. A. describe B. recognize C. spot D. recall 35. A. curiosity B. ambition C. relief D. satisfaction 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆起自己曾经在父亲的轮胎店工作的事情，作者认为正是那段经历给了自己人生的意义、毅力和成就感。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在我上高中的时候买下了轮胎店。A. predicted预测；B. purchased购买；C. assessed评估；D. abandoned放弃。根据上文“What guides my successful teaching career comes from my Dad’s tire shop.”可知，轮胎店是作者父亲的，因此在作者高中的时候，他的爸爸买下了轮胎店。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我在汽车方面的经验很少，但我决心努力学习和工作。A. trouble麻烦；B. experiment实验；C. experience经历、经验；D. luck好运。根据下文“I____3____to learn and work hard.”说明作者在汽车方面的经验不足。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我在汽车方面的经验很少，但我决心努力学习和工作。A. pretended假装；B. promised承诺；C. regretted后悔；D. resolved解决、决定。根据下文“My main motivation was to have customers____4____him because of my work ethic (职业道德).”可知，作者的动力是希望顾客对自己父亲的店满意，所以他是决心努力学习和工作。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我的主要动力是让客户因为我的职业道德而对他有好评。A. get hold of抓住；B. tend to倾向于；C. think well of对……高度评价；D. get along with与……相处。根据常理推测，作者的父亲买下了一个轮胎店，作者为自己的父亲工作，并决定努力学习，他的动力就是希望顾客能对自己父亲的店有好评。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我在店里的时候，我很忙碌，而不是坐在那里和其他人聊天。A. engaged忙碌的；B. stressed有压力的；C. quiet安静的；D. anxious担忧的、相关的。根据下文“not sitting around chatting with the other guys.”以及下文的“After a day at the tire shop, I was often____12____, covered in dirt.”可知，作者从不和别人聊天，所以他是在忙着工作。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这工作很累，但这一切是值得。A. rewarding值得的；B. simple简单的；C. demanding要求多的；D. enjoyable有趣的。根据下文“employment in the tire shop afford life lessons in meaning, perseverance, and fulfillment.”可知，这份工作教给了作者生活的意义、坚持的价值和满足感，所以尽管工作很累，但是在作者看来这一切都是值得的。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在炎热的夏天，我也不得不把外面的车的轮胎卸下来，再换上一个新的。A. deliver递送；B. fit适合、安装；C. repair修理；D. locate位于。根据上文“I had to remove the tires”可知，作者需要把轮胎卸下来，那么自然要安装个新的。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父亲的两个常客是卫生公司的。A. friends朋友；B. partners搭档；C. regulars常客；D. companions伴侣。根据下文“I well remember times when garbage trucks, full of the morning’s collection, ____9____my dad’s lot with a flat tire on the way to the rubbish dump.”可知，这两个人是作者父亲店里的常客。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我清楚地记得，有几次，装满上午收集的垃圾的垃圾车，在去垃圾场的路上，轮胎漏气了，驶入我父亲的停车场里。A. pulled out of退出；B. squeezed into挤进；C. stopped by偶然拜访；D. pulled into驶入。根据空后的宾语“my dad’s lot”再根据作者需要帮忙换轮胎可知，垃圾车是驶入作者父亲的轮胎店。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是爬到臭气熏天的卡车下面去安装千斤顶，经常有一种难闻的液体落在我身上。A. crawl爬行；B. kneel跪；C. slide滑动；D. stretch延伸。根据下文“underneath the ill-smelling truck to set the jack”可知，作者需要到卡车下面去安装千斤顶，所以是爬到卡车下面。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的工作是爬到臭气熏天的卡车下面去安装千斤顶，经常有一种难闻的液体落在我身上。A. fragrant芬香的；B. unpleasant令人不愉快的、讨厌的；C. thick厚的；D. colorless无色的、苍白的。根据上文“I well remember times when garbage trucks, full of the morning’s collection”以及“the ill-smelling truck”可知，卡车的里面装满了垃圾，所以滴落的液体也是难闻的。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词及短语词义辨析。句意：在轮胎店干了一天之后，我常常精疲力竭，满身是土。A. worn out穿破的、疲惫的；B. confused困惑的；C. left out被遗弃；D. upset心烦的、不适的。根据上文内容可知，作者在轮胎店里上班很累，所以干完一天活后，通常是精疲力竭。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，轮胎店的工作给了我们人生的意义、毅力和成就感。A. Besides此外；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文“After a day at the tire shop, I was often____12____, covered in dirt.”可知，作者上完一天班后通常是精疲力竭，而下文“employment in the tire shop afford life lessons in meaning, perseverance, and fulfillment.”则说明工作虽然很累，作者却感到很有收获。两句间存在转折关系。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当我回到轮胎店，我都会想起我维修过的汽车和卡车，以及我修理过的成千上万个轮子。A. describe描述；B. recognize认出；C. spot注意到；D. recall回忆。根据上文“whenever I return and visit the tire shop”可知，下文是作者在重新回到轮胎店的时候的感想，所以作者是回想起自己曾经的工作。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我还记得诚实劳动所带来的巨大满足感，无论在哪里完成。A. curiosity好奇；B. ambition野心；C. relief救济、减轻；D. satisfaction满足、满意。根据上文“employment in the tire shop afford life lessons in meaning, perseverance, and fulfillment.”可知，工作可以带来满足感。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What’s old is new again. The mamianqun or horse-face skirt is being worn in cities like Shanghai, Beijing and Chengdu as young people in China are giving the dress a progressive and modern twist, with ______36______ (convention) matches and choices of fabrics. The mamianqun ______37______ (originate) in the Song Dynasty. It is a traditional dress, ______38______ design features colourful pleated (起褶的) silk that creates an amazing visual effect. The ______39______ (popular) of the skirt has been wrapped into a broader trend called xinzhongshi, or new Chinese style - which integrates all manners of contemporary design with traditional Chinese aesthetics (美学). On Chinese social media platforms Weibo and Xiaohongshu, ______40______ (search) for new Chinese style and new Chinese style clothes labels have exceeded 100 million since early April 2024. On Xiaohongshu, a 33-year-old user ______41______ (name) Liumei frequently gives tips on how to style Chinese clothing. In one post, she demonstrated how you can top an oversized pink sweatshirt with a black mamianqun, ______42______ (pair) it with a matching baseball cap and sneakers. “More and more young people are willing ______43______ (apply) traditional cultures as a new way to express their attitudes. That’s very cool,” she said. The tides (潮流) she believes have turned in the last decade or so with young Chinese becoming more aware of their place in the world ______44______ hugging China’s culture and history. A report released by Douyin, China’s TikTok, in March 2024, showed an 841% increase in the sale of the mamianqun skirts on its e-commerce platform compared ______45______ the year before. 【答案】36. unconventional 37. originated 38. whose 39. popularity 40. searches 41. named 42. pairing 43. to apply 44. and 45. with 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了马面裙在中国年轻人中复兴，并融入现代元素，成为新中式风格的一部分。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：马面裙(或称为马面裙)正在上海、北京和成都等城市流行起来，中国的年轻人正在通过非常规的搭配和面料选择，赋予这种服饰以现代和进步的气息。根据空后“matches and choices of fabrics”可知，空处需用形容词unconventional“非常规的”作定语修饰名词。故填unconventional。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：马面裙起源于宋代。空处是句子的谓语动词，originate是动词，表示“起源”，根据句意和空后in the Song Dynasty可知，句子陈述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填originated。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这是一种传统服饰，其设计特点是用色彩斑斓的褶皱丝绸制成，营造出惊人的视觉效果。根据空前谓语动词“is”和空后谓语动词“features”可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a traditional dress，关系词在从句中作定语修饰名词design，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种裙子的流行已经被纳入到一个更广泛的趋势中，被称为新中式，或新中式风格——它将所有当代设计与中国传统美学相结合。根据空前“The”空后“of the skirt”可知，空处需用名词popularity“流行”作主语，表示“裙子的流行”。故填popularity。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：自2024年4月初以来，在微博和小红书等中国社交媒体平台上，对新中式风格和新中式服装标签的搜索已超过1亿次。根据空后谓语动词“have exceeded”可知，空处需用名词作主语，search“搜索”为可数名词，句中表示“多次搜索”，应用复数形式searches。故填searches。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在小红书上，一位名叫刘梅的33岁用户经常分享如何搭配中式服装的技巧。句中已有谓语动词“gives”可知，空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词user，user和动词name“给……取名；称呼”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词named作后置定语。故填named。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在一篇帖子中，她展示了如何将一件超大的粉色运动衫与黑色马面裙搭配，并配以棒球帽和运动鞋。空处需用非谓语动词作状语，动词pair“使成对”与逻辑主语you之间为主动关系，需用现在分词pairing作状语。故填pairing。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她说：“越来越多的年轻人愿意将传统文化作为一种新的方式来表达他们的态度，这很酷。”根据空前“are willing”可知，空处应用to apply，构成固定短语be willing to do sth.，意为“愿意做某事”。故填to apply。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：她认为，在过去的十年左右的时间里，随着中国年轻人更加意识到他们在世界上的位置，并拥抱中国文化与历史，潮流已经发生了转变。根据空前“becoming more aware of their place in the world”和空后“hugging China’s culture and history”可知，空处前后为并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：中国的TikTok抖音在2024年3月发布的一份报告显示，与去年相比，其电商平台上马面裙的销量增长了841%。根据空前“compared”和空后“the year before”可知，空处需用介词with，构成固定搭配compared with，意为“与……相比”。故填with。 第四部分 词汇运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节：单词填空（共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分） 46. Although red foxes are n____________ to Europe and Asia, they have migrated to other continents. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】native##ative 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然红狐原产于欧洲和亚洲，但它们已经迁移到其他大陆。根据句意及首字母提示可知，native“本地的，原产于某地的”，形容词，在句中作表语，故填native。 47. By carefully f____________ the broth (肉汤) with fresh herbs, the chef created a harmony of tastes. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】flavoring##flavouring 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：厨师用新鲜的香草仔细调味肉汤，创造了一种和谐的味道。根据空后的名词broth可知，此处要用动词表示“给某物调味”，结合首字母提示，用动词flavor或者flavour，有根据空前的介词by可知，需用动名词作介词的宾语。故填flavoring或flavouring。 48. Daily exercise such as stretching develops flexibility as o____________ to strength. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】opposed##pposed 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：日常锻炼，如拉伸，可以培养灵活性，而不是力量。本题考查固定短语as opposed to，意为“与……相对比；而不是”。故填opposed。 49 It is our duty to carefully e____________ research method to ensure reliable results in the experiment. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】employ##mploy 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们有责任谨慎采用研究方法，以确保实验结果的可靠性。这里考查动词employ，意为“采用，利用”，前面是动词不定式符号to，后面用动词原形。故填employ。 50. In the concert, the singer was a____________ on the piano by her sister. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】accompanied##ccompanied 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和语态。句意：在音乐会上，这位歌手由她的姐姐用钢琴伴奏。根据单词首字母以及句意“伴奏”，可知应填动词accompany，accompany与句子主语the singer之间构成动宾关系，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，空处应填过去分词。故填accompanied。 51. It is 2,300 metres above sea level, so a given v____________ of air contains only about one-third as much oxygen as it would at sea level. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】volume##olume 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这是在海拔2,300米的高空，因此一定体积空气的含氧量只有海平面处的约1/3。根据句意和所给的首字母v，应该填入名词volume，表示“体积”，作主语，不定冠词a表明用单数，故填volume。 52. The latest smartphone with its advanced feature is g____________ most attention from teen enthusiasts and media alike. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】grabbing##rabbing 【解析】 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：拥有先进功能的最新款智能手机吸引了青少年爱好者和媒体的大部分注意力。根据句意及首字母提示，可知为grab“攫取，抢夺”。设空处为句子的谓语，叙述正在发生的事，时态为现在进行时，空前为is，填入现在分词形式符合题意。故填grabbing。 53. Storms s____________ along New Mexico’s border with Texas this morning, destroying homes and other buildings. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】swept##wept 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：今天早上，风暴席卷了新墨西哥州与德克萨斯州的边界，摧毁了房屋和其他建筑。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用动词sweep“席卷，扫过”，根据后文this morning可知发生在过去，句子时态为一般过去时。故填swept。 54. A small colour television was ____________ (调频) to an afternoon soap opera. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】tuned 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：一台小型彩色电视机被调到了一个下午播放的肥皂剧频道。根据汉语提示可知应用动词tune，与主语构成被动关系，根据上文的was可知句子使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填tuned。 55. The new policy document included several ____________ (重视) on reducing the environmental impact while optimizing operations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】emphases 【解析】 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：新的政策文件包括在优化运营的同时减少环境影响的几个重点。这里考查“重视”对应的名词emphasis的复数形式emphases，表示泛指，作宾语。故填emphases。 56. She gathered ____________ (疏松) soil and let it filter slowly through her fingers. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】loose 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她收集了一些疏松的土壤，让它慢慢从她的手指间滤过。soil为名词，需用形容词作定语来修饰名词，故空处需填入形容词。结合所给汉语提示“疏松”，其对应的英文单词为loose。故填loose。 57. In a year marked by renewed ____________ (热情) for outdoor activities, China’s urban landscapes have changed into vibrant hubs of social engagement. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】enthusiasm 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在一个充满了对户外活动的重新热情的一年里，中国的城市景观已经变成了充满活力的社会交往中心。“热情”为enthusiasm，名词形式作介词by的宾语，符合题意。故填enthusiasm。 58. Most of his poems are ____________ (变体) on the theme of love. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】variation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的大部分诗歌都以爱情为主题。根据汉语提示和前文are可知，应用名词variation作表语，此处不可数。故填variation。 59. The company ____________ (统治) the market for operating system software in the past three decades. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】has dominated 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：在过去的三十年里，该公司一直主导着操作系统软件市场。根据汉语提示可知，这里应用及物动词dominate。结合时间状语in the past three decades可知，这里应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去一直持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去，且主语The company为单数，助动词应用has。故填has dominated。 60. Counselling can teach people to handle negative ____________ (情绪) such as fear and anger. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】emotions##moods 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：咨询可以帮助人们处理诸如恐惧和愤怒等负面情绪。根据句意及汉语提示“情绪”可知，此处应填写名词emotion/mood作宾语，结合后文的“such as fear and anger”可知用复数形式表示泛指。故填emotions/moods。 第二节：单句语法填空（共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分） 61. In recent years, the movie industry has undergone a dramatic _____________ (transform). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】transformation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：近年来，电影业经历了一场戏剧性的变革。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要名词作宾语，表示“转换，变化”的意思，前面有a，名词用单数。故填transformation。 62. To uphold the truth that we are all worthy ____________ (notice), the organization strives to ensure that every individual’s voice and contribution are recognized. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to notice 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了坚持我们都值得注意的真理，该组织努力确保每个人的声音和贡献都得到认可。that从句中已有are，设空处为的非谓语动词，be worthy to do sth值得做某事，所以设空处使用动词不定式形式。故填to notice。 63. Engage some volunteers in the Hope Project, and your________(combine)efforts may reap rich rewards. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】combined 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：让一些志愿者参与希望工程，这样你们共同的努力可能会得到丰厚的回报。空处在句中为定语，修饰名词efforts，combine为及物动词, 与名词efforts为被动关系。所以此处用过去分词combined，combined efforts意为“共同的努力”，故填combined。 64. To guarantee the security of the sensitive data, there is no choice but ____________(surround) the system with advanced encryption measures and continuous monitoring. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to surround 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：为了保证敏感数据的安全，别无选择，只能用先进的加密措施和持续监控来包围系统。这里考查there is no choice but to do，表示“别无选择，只能做某事”，为固定句型。故填to surround。 65. ____________ (strike) by the beauty of the painting, he was deeply impressed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Struck 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他被这幅画的美丽打动了，他印象非常深刻。本句的谓语是was，所以空处应用非谓语动词。strike和逻辑主语he之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词，作状语。故填Struck。 66. The police found the lost treasure in an __________(abandon) well. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】abandoned 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：警方在一口废弃的井中发现了丢失的宝藏。分析句子可知，设空处需填形容词充当定语修饰名词。故填abandoned。 67. The picture drawn by Qi Baishi is just one of the treasures in their ____________(possess). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】possessions 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：齐白石所画的这幅画只是他们最珍贵的财产之一。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，possession“财产”，是可数名词，常用复数形式，故填possessions。 68. The curriculum allows ____________ (adapt) the lessons to meet the diverse needs of the students. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】adapting 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：课程安排允许调整课程以满足学生的多样化需求。所给词adapt为动词，含义为调整。动词allow后面跟动词作宾语时通常使用动名词形式，故需要把adapt变为其动名词形式adapting。故填adapting。 69. It was in the final rehearsal that they fully grasped what they meant ____________ (compose) a piece of romance for the final competition. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to compose 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在最后的排练中，他们完全领会了他们为决赛创作一首浪漫曲子的意义。根据句意可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，具有将来含义。故填to compose。 70. The breakup was as ____________ (upset) as the realization that they had grown apart over the years, despite all the good memories they shared. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】upsetting 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：分手让人沮丧，就像他们意识到这么多年来他们已经渐行渐远，尽管他们有过许多美好的回忆。句中用形容词作表语。主语breakup指物，所以用-ing形式形容词。故填upsetting。 71. Roy told his ____________ (sorrow) tale with simple words anybody could understand. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】sorrowful 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：罗伊用任何人都能理解的简单语言讲述了他的悲伤故事。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词tale，sorrowful“悲伤的”，形容词，故填sorrowful。 72. ____________(occupy) with scientific research, he couldn’t spare time to contact his family. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Occupied 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：他忙于科学研究，无暇与家人联系。此空考查非谓语，occupy与其逻辑主语he为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故选Occupied。 73. ____________ (compare) those renowned people, you’ll find that they have much in common. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Comparing 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：比较那些名人，你会发现他们有很多共同之处。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语you与compare之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填Comparing。 74. ____________ (overcome) by a burst of inspiration leads her to sketch out what is in her vision. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Being overcome 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：灵感的爆发使她勾勒出她心中的景象。句中已有谓语动词leads，空处应构成动名词短语作句子的主语，结合句意和空后“by a burst of inspiration”可知，此处指“被灵感的爆发所激发”，强调的是一个被动的状态，故空处应用动名词的被动形式being overcome作主语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Being overcome。 75. Her performance on stage was marked by such ____________(brilliant) that the audience was captivated by her every move and note. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】brilliance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她在舞台上的表演光彩夺目，观众被她的一举一动和音符迷住了。such+n.+that，表示“如此……以致于……”。故填brilliance。 第五部分：写作（共一节，满分25分） 第一节 （满分25分） 76. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After flying all night, I was tired as I arrived in Denver to hold an event on positive thinking. As I entered the lecture hall, Dr. Fred Vogt asked me, “Do you know about the Make-A-Wish Foundation?” “Yes,” I replied. “Well, a 17-year-old girl Amy Graham has been diagnosed as having terminal (晚期的) cancer. Doctors gave her three days. Her dying wish was to attend your lecture.” I was shocked. I felt a combination of awe and doubt. I couldn’t believe it. I thought kids who were dying would want to go see Disneyland, or suchlike. Why would a kid with only a few days to live want to spend their final days listening to a motivational speaker? Suddenly my thoughts were interrupted… “Here’s Amy.” Before me stood a girl wearing a bright red hat to cover her head, which was bald from all of the treatments. Her weak body was a bit bent. She said, “My two goals were to graduate from high school and to attend your lecture. My doctors didn’t believe I could do either and they didn’t think I’d have enough energy. I have to rely on my parents now.” Tears welled in my eyes; I was choked up. My mind was being shaken. I cleared my throat and smiled, “Thanks for wanting to come.” We hugged, wiped our eyes and separated. That Sunday afternoon I held the workshop that Amy and her parents attended. The audience was packed to overflowing with over a thousand attendees eager to learn, grow and become more fully human. I humbly asked the audience if they wanted to learn a healing process that might serve them for life. From the stage it appeared that everyone’s hand was raised high in the air. I taught the audience how to vigorously (用力地) rub their hands together, separate them by two inches and feel the healing energy. Then I paired them off with a partner to feel the healing energy from themselves to another, explaining that everyone had healing potential to support others. 注意： 1. 续写短文词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 At that point an idea struck me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With a round of applause, Amy’s dad led her off the stage. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】At that point an idea struck me. I said to the audience, “This morning I was introduced to Amy Graham, a 17-year-old. I want to bring her up here and let you all send healing life energy toward her.” Supported by her father, Amy stepped onto the stage, looking frail from an absolute lack of exercise. She talked about what she was suffering from and her final wish to be at this workshop. Touched by her story, the audience spontaneously warmed up their hands and engaged in the simple exercise, after which they gave her a tearful standing ovation. With a round of applause, Amy’s dad led her off the stage. At that moment, the workshop became more than just a lecture on positive thinking — it showed the power of hope and the resilience of the human spirit. After the workshop concluded, attendees lingered, sharing stories and exchanging contact information. Many approached Amy and her parents, offering words of encouragement. It was clear that something extraordinary had taken place — a blend of hope, belief, and the courage to confront adversity with positivity. Before leaving, Amy thanked me for the unexpected invitation, which was a real bonus for her and gave her the healing power beyond physical remedies. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一次讲座前认识了一个身患绝症的女孩，女孩和家人来参加作者的讲座。在研讨会上，作者谈论起疗愈，并向大家介绍了这个女孩，女孩谈及了自己的故事，让听众感动。这次研讨会对女孩产生了真正疗愈的力量。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在那时，我突然有了一个主意。”可知，第一段可描写作者邀请女孩上台演讲，观众被感动。 ②由第二段首句内容“伴随着一阵热烈的掌声，Amy的爸爸领着她走下了舞台。”可知，第二段可描写研讨会结束，与会者相互交换故事和信息，研讨会对女孩的意义重大。 2.续写线索：介绍Amy上台——Amy分享自己的故事——观众感动——研讨会之后的活动——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①参与：engage in/participate in ②支持：support/back up 情绪类 ①感动：touched/moved ②感激：thank/be grateful to 【点睛】[高分句型1]. She talked about what she was suffering from and her final wish to be at this workshop.（由连接词what引导的宾语从句和不定式作后置定语） [高分句型2]. It was clear that something extraordinary had taken place — a blend of hope, belief, and the courage to confront adversity with positivity.（由It作形式主语，that引导的主语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$