精品解析：上海市建平中学2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考英语试卷

2024学年度第一学期高三9月教学质量检测 英语学科 2024.9 考生注意：考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. $20. B. $32. C. $40. D. $60. 2. A. Tailor and customer. B. Hairdresser and customer. C. Husband and wife. D. Housekeeper and host. 3. A. At a hospital. B. At a restaurant. C. In a handicraft shop. D. In stationery store. 4. A. The woman mistook someone else for Smith. B. The man promised to meet Smith in Shanghai. C. The lecture was given by Mr. Smith just now. D Smith would come to attend the lecture next Friday. 5. A. She will go to see the play with the man. B. She has no interest in this play. C. She will attend a wedding ceremony with her sister. D. She has no time to keep the man company. 6. A. The man misunderstood what the sign said. B. The man bought the cigarette for free. C. The sign allows people to smoke in the room. D. The man annoyed the woman purposely. 7. A. The slow delivery. B. The flawed product. C. The broken parcel. D. The possible discount. 8. A. He worked last night. B. He was recovering from his jet lag. C. He had some difficulty in falling asleep. D. He was knocked down by the car. 9. A. The man doesn’t agree with the woman’s idea. B. The woman never takes the responsibility of supporting the home. C The man suggests that the woman is lazy in house keeping. D. The woman is busy with her work so that she neglects the family. 10. A. They are talking about a football match. B. The school soccer team has been set up. C. The man doesn’t want to be a substitute. D. The man doesn’t think the bench is comfortable. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Because Jobs suffered from the cancer. B. Because Jobs himself kept quiet about that. C. Because he was not rich enough to donate money. D. Because his wife prevented the public from knowing that. 12. A. The update of smartphones. B. The development of medicine. C. The building of Apple’s headquarters. D. Some Tech companies in California. 13. A. Mean. B. Creative. C. Charitable. D. Rich. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage 14. A. It can identify different flowers through its built- in sensors. B. It can record various smells digitally and reproduce them. C. It can make sweet smells by mixing flowers with vapour. D. It can create smells and give them off to any scene. 15. A. It helps shoppers locate the right brand of perfume. B. It helps shoppers check out the perfumes before they buy. C. It helps make sure that perfumes are truly genuine. D. It can recommend right perfumes to shoppers. 16. A. The device is made small enough to be easily carried. B. The device is sensitive to any smell the human nose can detect. C. Smells are programmed to accompany movie scenes. D. The device has recreated the smells of fish and gasoline. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Because he didn’t have her number. B. Because he thought it was unnecessary. C. Because he wished his luggage would be found soon. D. Because he had to attend a business meeting. 18. A. His flight number and arrival time. B. The cause of the flight’s late arrival. C. The number of his luggage check. D. The description of his luggage. 19. A. On the plane ticket. B. At the information desk. C. At the check- in counter. D. From the record of his flight. 20. A. Missing luggage is unlikely to be found. B. There are important documents in his luggage. C. It is possible for the man to get his luggage today. D. The man thinks it is difficult to find his baggage. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Trouble with Friends On a daily basis, I teach kids. ___1___ “kids”, I mean teens to college- age, sometimes mid - twenties. Kids talk a lot about their friends, but don’t usually talk about their families. Sometimes I’m taken completely by surprise when, months into our knowing each other, a student mentions ___2___ (have) a twin. I suppose hearing the constant chatter about friends has made me consider my own, and how hard it can be ___3___ (maintain) these bonds as an adult. Mostly, what I notice is that I lose more friends than I make. An obvious reason for that is marriage. Friends get married and their spouses become their ___4___ (close) friends. My husband is now the person I spend the most time with. I tell him everything because I trust him with my thoughts, ___5___ stupid they may be. I used to be the same way with friends, but when I tell friends something now, I must accept the possibility that they will tell their spouses, ___6___ I’m friendly but not friends. A friendship is truly strained when you don’t like the spouse. Sometimes this new person is so far removed from ___7___ you imagined for your friend that you wonder if you knew your friend at all. After marriage, a friend who used to discuss things with you stops doing so, and ___8___ (update) you only on definitive good news, never the bad, the ugly, or the in- progress. She saves all of that for her partner. In other words, you’re no longer included in the problem- solving. Of course, some matters belong first to the marriage: the stuff of intimacy, finance, family. Increasingly, my friends leave me out of these big conversations, and vice versa, but when ___9___ outcome is certain, we do update one another, which reminds us that we’re still friends, but with the friendship ____10____ (reduce) to a PowerPoint. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. appealing B. bargains C. credited D. identical E. intentionally F. items G. limited H. missteps I. pioneered J. gratefully K. scored Dupes are wearing out Lululemon Athletica Dupes are the products that cost less than the premium (高端的) versions but are of similar style and quality. Less expensive versions of premium products have become a(n) ____11____ alternative, particularly for younger shoppers. That is becoming a problem for Lululemon Athletica, the company that ____12____ high- end sportswear and made $100 leggings the norm. “The brand logo doesn’t hold as much appeal as it used to,” said Mikayla Kitsopoulos, a 22- year- old college student. “Finding ____13____ is the new status symbol.” When Kitsopoulos was in high school, she wore Lululemon leggings, which cost about $100. Now, she buys her leggings on Amazon for about $30. She said the quality and fit is almost ____14____, so why pay more? The heightened competition comes as Lululemon has made a series of ____15____ that have turned off even some of its most devoted fans. Not long ago, it removed a new type of leggings from its stores and website after customers complained about the fit. Other mistakes have included a color palette that was too ____16____ and not having enough of some products such as smaller size leggings. The misfires have pushed people such as Natalie Assink to ____17____ seek out different brands. The20- year- old college student said she switched from Lululemon to Gymshark and AYBL not just because their leggings cost less, but also because they have more color varieties. Buying cheaper versions of premium products isn’t new. Boasting about it is. Ellyn Briggs, Moring Consult’s brands analyst, ____18____ the growing popularity of dupes to inflation but also to the rise of social media. The No. I reason people said they bought dupes was to save money, according to Morning Consult’s survey. They also wanted to test out whether the cheaper versions were as good as the premium ____19____ and then post about them on TikTok or other platforms. “It’s more than just a transaction,” Briggs said. “They want to share the fact that they have ____20____ a success.” III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. People’s relationship with work is complex and complicated. ____21____ complaining about the boredom and bureaucracy, the power-crazed bosses and disobedient colleagues, individuals need the security of a job. A century of research has shown that ____22____ is bad for mental health, leading to depression, anxiety and reduced self-esteem. On average, it has an even greater effect than divorce. But how much work do you need to do? A recent paper by the Centre for Business Research at Cambridge University found that people working reduced working hours or being ____23____ do not have poorer mental health. What was particularly surprising is how little work was needed to keep people happy. The threshold for good mental health was just one day a week — after that, it seemed to make little difference to individuals’ well-being if they worked eight hours or 48 hours a week. The ____24____ from working clearly comes from the feeling of purpose, from the social status it creates and from the camaraderie of colleagues engaged in the same tasks. A little bit of work may be ____25____ but too much is not. An enterprising junior analyst at Goldman Sachs recently surveyed his ____26____. The survey found those first-year analysts had worked an average 98 hours a week since the start of 2021, and only managed five hours of sleep a night. It found that 77% of them had been the subject of ____27____, that 75% had sought, or considered seeking counselling, and that, on average, they had suffered sharp declines in mental and physical health. Nevertheless, the general reaction to the story was remarkably ____28____. In some people’s eyes, the young analysts should have expected to be ____29____ in such a fashion; after all, that is why they were being paid so well. The well-experienced analysts of the investment- banking industry thought “It was the same in my day. Never did me any harm.” ____30____, it is still hard to see why young analysts should expect to suffer. They joined a bank, not the Mafia. Nor does it make much ____31____ sense to have employees working so long that they only get to sleep five hours a night They can hardly be operating ____32____ when they are dog-tired. That junior professional staff have always worked long hours is not a good explanation for ____33____ stress on young people at the start of their careers. It smacks of the legendary navy motto: “The beatings will continue until morale improves.” Clearly, economy cannot ____34____ if everyone works one day a week. The need to limit excessive working hours was realised back in Victorian times. For much of the 20th century the length of the average working week fell while output continued to climb. There will be occasions when people have to work late or rise early to finish a project. Day after day, however, a long-hours lifestyle is bad for workers’ health. Some organizations may see the ____35____ for work as a sign of an employee’s willingness to put their job ahead of their families and friends. If so, they don’t need to have better employees. They need better managers. 21. A. With B. Despite C. Against D. Like 22. A. unemployment B. divorce C. complaint D. prosecution 23. A. employed B. suspended C. criticized D. motivated 24. A. secrets B. fatigue C. boost D. assignment 25. A. stressful B. helpless C. creative D. satisfying 26. A. peers B. superiors C. relatives D. advocates 27. A. workplace abuse B. racial discrimination C. cyber bullying D. peer pressure 28. A. predictable B. inevitable C. normal D. unsympathetic 29. A. accommodated B. treated C. paid D. fired 30. A. Conversely B. Therefore C. However D. Likewise 31. A. education B. medicine C. fitness D. business 32. A. at full efficiency B. at a loss C. in others’ shoes D. in low spirits 33. A. relieving B. piling C. blaming D. experimenting 34. A. contract B. collapse C. prosper D. recover 35. A. appetite B. gift C. excuse D. strategy Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) This year, my two oldest sons asked me to sign them up for piano lessons. For certain reasons, I decided it would also be a good time for me to take up the piano again, after 30 years. As a child, I learned not just the piano, but the cello. I played in two orchestras and sang in the school choir. No one forced me to do any of it, but it wasn’t quite a free choice either. When you are the approval-addicted daughter of an over-invested mother, no one needs to apply force. My mom and I were well matched partners in the dance of unspoken expectation and approval-seeking. I did her forcing for her. For my mother, my musical industriousness wasn’t so much about achievement as identity. She was American by birth, and after marrying my university professor father and moving to London, she spent a decade working to be accepted into the impatient, fraught world of British intellectual society. In this environment, a diligent daughter lugging a giant cello was a tiny amount of cultural capital, a ticket to belonging. As much as anything could, music made me into the person my mother needed me to be, so that she could be the person she needed to be, in order to escape who she actually was. And for my part, although I never truly believed that my mother’s love was conditional, I did have the suspicion that there was a performance-related bonus in there. It was foolish to think that taking up the piano at the same time as my own children would be emotionally uncomplicated. Or perhaps the complication was exactly why I sought it out. Somehow, the piano lessons turn me into both my childhood self, seeking my mother’s approval, and into my mother herself, putting the same high expectations on my own children. My mother was lucky in that I was temperamentally (性情地) suited to the role she assigned me. My sons are not so much so. They are rambunctious and restless, not wired for lengthy sessions of sitting still and reflecting well on me. Unconditional love may be at the defining heart of parenthood, but sometimes it can feel impossible to accommodate unconditional love to the worldly practices of day-to-day parenting. The whole job seems set up for conditionality: It would be dishonest to pretend that we have no stake in wanting our children to reflect our own values and preferences. I’m disappointed when my sons won’t play their role in the script I have written for them, but deep down, I’m also a little thrilled. They are maddeningly, gloriously resistant to the pressure. A secret part of me is delighted by their raging demands for full personhood — beyond my projections and hopes and fears. By the life they claim. 36. The underlined sentence in paragraph two means ______. A. the author demanded to learn musical instruments out of pure love B. the author forced her mum to sign her up for piano lessons against her will C. the author’s mom pushed her to learn musical instruments for her own sake D. the author offered to learn musical instruments to obtain her mom’s approval 37. The author’s mother think of the author’s musical industriousness as ______. A. a symbol more of family achievement than of social identity B. a way for her to fit into the British intellectual society at that time C. proof of her ability to be a qualified mother in front of her husband D. a result of her selfless cultivation more than the author’s own diligence 38. Which of the following is TRUE from the author’s perspective? A. She doesn’t care about her sons’ levels of playing musical instruments. B. She has a mixed feeling towards her sons’ reluctance to practise musical instruments. C. She feels sorrowful because her sons are unlikely skilled at playing musical instruments. D. She is still convinced that her sons could be as talented on musical instruments as she was. 39. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Can Musical Talents Really be Inherited? B. Can We Really Force Our Children to Love Music? C. Can We Really Love Our Children Unconditionally? D. Can Playing Instruments Help Us Fit into Intellectual Society? (B) Universal Studios Singapore Have your fun multiplies across 6 themed zones. Universal Studios Singapore is Southeast Asia’s first and only Universal Studios theme park. Transported by adrenaline- pumping rides, you can enjoy interactive shows and a wide variety of exciting attractions based on the blockbuster movies and television series you know and love so well. Welcome in and enjoy the ride! Rides and Shows Operating hours may be subject to changes without prior notice. Street entertainment and selected experiences will not be available until further notice. Please click here to view the Rider’s Guide for Rider Safety and Guest with Disabilities. S. E. A. Aquarium Explore the wonders of the oceans’ diverse inhabitants and how to protect marine life. S. E. A. Aquarium is one of the world’s largest aquariums, home to more than 100,000 marine animals representing 1,000 species across more than 40 diverse habitats. The vast array of aquatic life is complemented by interactive programs, up- close animal encounters and immersive learning journeys to inspire visitors to protect the world’s oceans. S. E. A. Aquarium will be closed every Tue and Wed from 1 Jul to 31 Aug, 2 and 3 Sep, plus every Tue and Wed from 9 Sep to 30 Nov 2024. On 9 Sep, kindly be advised that S. E. A. Aquarium will be closed at 2:00 PM for the Teyvat SEA Exploration media preview. We seek your kind understanding for any inconvenience caused. Before Visit Advisory We encourage cashless payments. Tap and pay with your contactless cards or digital wallets at our attractions, hotels and RWS- owned dining establishments. Tickets Latest ticket price is available in Booking page. Please click here. Adventure Cove Waterpark “Water” way to play! From thrilling water slides full of high- speed twists and turns to appealing wonders of different coves, there’s an experience waiting just for you at Adventure Cove Waterpark. For the ultimate adrenaline seeker, Riptide Rocket is an irresistible pull and on the opposite side of it is the calming trip down Adventure River. Note: Adventure Cove Waterpark will be closed on September 15 for a private event. We appreciate your understanding and apologize for any inconvenience this may cause. We look forward to welcoming you soon. Important Information In the event of unpleasant weather, all outdoor attractions will be suspended for your safety. Most water attractions are physically demanding and is not recommended for pregnant mothers. No outside food and beverages will be permitted. Please click here for more information of accepted swimwear prior to your visit. 40. According to the passage which of the following statements is TRUE? A. The S. E. A. Aquarium accepts only cash payments for tickets and dining. B. Three attractions are friendly for all guests even those who have been pregnant. C. Universal Studios Singapore has 6 zones themed on famous films and TV series. D. Adventure Cove Waterpark is open every day without exception throughout the year. 41. Lydia, a fan of adventure but hates getting wet, is planning for a day trip on Thursday September 15th. The most suitable attraction for her is ______. A. Universal Studios Singapore B. S. E. A. Aquarium C. Adventure Cove Waterpark D. Riptide Rocket 42. Where can you most probably find this passage? A. The official website of a resort. B. A travel magazine. C. The newspaper’s entertainment section. D. An update on social media. (C) JULY 19TH was a day for help- desk heroes. A routine software update by CrowdStrike, a cyber-security company, caused computer breakdown in offices, hospitals and airports worldwide. Most white-collar workers looked miserably at their screens and realised just how useless they are if they cannot log in. People in IT came to the rescue of helpless colleagues and stranded passengers. Their work that day was full of stress — but also full of meaning. If machines can add purpose to some jobs when they fail, what about when they work properly? This is not a meaningless question. Technologies tend to spread in less dramatic ways, task by task rather than role by role. Before machines replace individuals, they change the nature of the work they do. A recent paper, from Milena Nikolova and Femke Cnossen looked at the prevalence of robots in industrial settings and how that affected workers. Robots reduced the perceived meaningfulness of jobs across the board, regardless of age, gender, skills and the type of work. In theory, machines can free up time for more interesting tasks; in practice, they seem to have had the opposite effect. In a separate paper, Ms Nikolova and Anthony Lepinteur of the University of Luxembourg, explore why this might be. They find that industrial robots make jobs less physically exhausting. But the number of tasks that remain open to humans decreases, hurting both the variety of work and people’s understanding of the production process. Work becomes more routine, not less. Machines need not have a dulling effect. In their research Ms Nikolova and her co-authors found that people did not perceive a loss of autonomy if they were working with computers, where they have more control of the machine than the other way round. And automation may well have a different impact on service industries like health caro, where less time spent on manual work might indeed mean more time with patients. A paper from 2011 by Michael Barrett of the University of Cambridge found that the introduction of drug-dispensing robots into hospital pharmacies had different effects. Pharmacists felt the quality of their jobs had improved because they had more time for patient counselling. Pharmacy assistants had a more miserable time of it, however, as their role shrank to loading medicine into the machines. It is still too early to know how AI will affect the quality of work. Some will surely enjoy using a bot to brainstorm ideas and take care of boring tasks, while others may not. The thing for managers to remember is that machines can make employees feel differently about their work. So it matters whether new technologies are introduced in collaboration with employees or imposed from above, and whether they enhance or weaken their sense of competence. 43. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the first and second paragraphs? A. Machines can sometimes add more purposes to jobs when they fail. B. Technologies typically spread across entire roles, replacing workers in one go. C. Potential demerits of introducing machines in the workplace have been recorded. D. A cyber-security company caused technological faults on purpose when testing the software. 44. What’s the conclusion of Ms Nikolova’s research in industrial settings? A. Workers feel more autonomous and in control when working with robots. B. Machines reduce the sense of purpose in human workers’ jobs in reality. C. Industrial robots replace human workers, eliminating their tasks and roles. D. Automation facilitates manual labor, increasing the variety of tasks. 45. We can infer from Barrett’s research that ______. A. the introduction of robots leads to a decrease in job quality for all hospital staff B. when robots are introduced, staff tend to feel more satisfied regardless of their roles C. in the same department, workers in different positions can feel differently to automation D. in some occupational areas, automation does constantly reduce the perceived meaningfulness 46. Which of the following studies will others in the last paragraph cite as their evidence? A. A paper from Boris Nikolaev illustrates that many employees put a higher premium on non-monetary than monetary rewards. B. Research by Pok Man Tang of the University of Georgia suggests that workers who interact more with AI assistants feel lonelier and long for more social contact. C. A recent Federal Reserve discussion paper surveyed American workers who had switched jobs; they found that interest in the work mattered more to people than pay and benefits. D. An experiment conducted by Eugina Leung states that a technology that cuts down on boring tasks is fine; one that threatens your sense of identity is not. Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How Many Devices Are You Wearing? The classic nightmare of suddenly realizing you are naked in public could soon get a futuristic twist: it might involve the horror of losing not just your modesty but also your pass codes. Scientists recently created magnetic garments that they say can store data, automatically unlock doors or control a nearby smartphone with gesture. The concept of interactive “smart clothing” has drawn attention in the past couple of years. ____47____ This and other smart garments are made with conductive thread and usually require an attached electronic device. To eliminate the need for such devices, researchers at the University of Washington recently took advantage of what is a previously untapped property of conductive thread: its ability to be magnetized. “Using magnetic instead of electric properties of the thread may seem like a small difference, but it is what makes this work interesting and exciting,” says Chris Harrison, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University. ____48____ The Washington team magnetized a patch of fabric embroidered with conductive thread, giving different parts of the cloth a north or south orientation that correspond to binary 1’s or 0’. This step allowed the researchers to store up to 33 million different combinations — such as pass codes for doors — on a shirt sleeve. ____49____ The team described its findings last October at a meeting of the Association for Computing Machinery. The garments still stored data after washing, drying and ironing, but they could not escape time’s eraser; after about a week, the threads’ magnetic fields had weakened by around30 percent. ____50____ But for now the clothes may be best suited for storing temporary codes, such as those found on hotel key cards or clothing tags in stores. Harrison says that it is “very unlikely you are ever going to achieve a comparable density to magnetic hard drives” with data- storing fabric, however. A. Custom- made thread has thus been designed so that the clothes are enabled to work longer. B. For example, Google and Levi’s created a touch- sensitive jacket that can operate a smartphone. C. Turning wearables into storage devices with the new technique was a unique thing the researchers bad done. D. The researchers suggest that using custom- made thread designed to hold stronger magnetic fields might work longer. E. The new technique allowed the researchers to do something they say is unique among wearables: turn them into storage devices. F. They also created magnetic gloves that could control a nearby smartphone with gestures. IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Work is just meeting now In 2016, a group of work researchers calculated that time spent in meetings had increased by 50 percent since the 1990s. Many workers were spending so much time in meetings, taking calls, and combing through their inbox that their most “critical work” often had to wait until they were home. Wall- to- wall meetings from 9 to 5 were pushing any creative or individual work to some period after dinner. In 2022, Microsoft researchers published a study that anonymously tracked workers using the company’s software. They discovered that about one-third of the workers in their study were as likely to work at 10 p. m. as they were at 8 a. m. The reason? When the pandemic sent knowledge workers home, official meetings replaced casual interactions and made it impossible for many people to get things done unless they found time to log back online after dinner. In further research, Microsoft has found that, since 2020, workers in their sample have tripled the time they spent in meetings. If someone had to defend this phenomenon, they might point out that as firms grow, they accumulate bureaucratic habits. Departments are born, and workers within those departments develop expertise that is alien to people just down the hall. Working across these divisions requires that people spend more time getting to know and understand what their colleagues- are doing. Recent cultural changes might also be driving the surge in meeting times. In the last few years, the business world has focused much more on inclusion— letting more people’s voices be heard in decision- making. A business culture that allows more people to say their piece is one that requires people to spend more time listening to other people talk. In some decisions, that might be appropriate. At extremes, an office that requests more input is an office where talking about work can disturb efficient decision making. Today, knowledge work is, quantitatively speaking, less about creating new things than it is about talking about those things. Luckily, artificial- intelligence tools have the potential for eliminating unnecessary meetings and allowing people to focus on their work— or, even better, to cut hours of meetings that they can instead devote to leisure. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 过去80年，浦江沿岸经历了翻天覆地的变化。(witness) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 我从未想到会和这位小有名气的网红一起滞留在机场。(strike) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 这些新推出的运动设备是否如广告宣传那样有所谓的保健功效，这仍有待观察。(remain) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 社交媒体推动了信息共享，提供了自我表达和探索世界的平台，因此极大吸引了年轻一代。(appeal) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学的李华，本学期你参加了英美文学选修课，老师提供了两种考核方式供大家选择。请给老师写一封邮件，说说你的选择。 你的邮件需包括： 1.你所选择的考核方式： 2.通过比较， 说明你选择的理由。 考核方式 课堂考试 学期论文(term paper) 完成时间 2小时 2周 内容 老师限定 可任选一个你感兴趣的课题 地点 课堂上 课外 完成方式 独立完成，不得带参考书 可讨论，并可查阅相关资料 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年度第一学期高三9月教学质量检测 英语学科 2024.9 考生注意：考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. $20. B. $32. C. $40. D. $60. 2. A. Tailor and customer. B. Hairdresser and customer. C. Husband and wife. D. Housekeeper and host. 3. A. At a hospital. B. At a restaurant. C. In a handicraft shop. D. In stationery store. 4. A. The woman mistook someone else for Smith. B. The man promised to meet Smith in Shanghai. C. The lecture was given by Mr. Smith just now. D. Smith would come to attend the lecture next Friday. 5. A. She will go to see the play with the man. B. She has no interest in this play. C. She will attend a wedding ceremony with her sister. D. She has no time to keep the man company. 6. A. The man misunderstood what the sign said. B. The man bought the cigarette for free. C. The sign allows people to smoke in the room. D. The man annoyed the woman purposely. 7. A. The slow delivery. B. The flawed product. C. The broken parcel. D. The possible discount. 8. A. He worked last night. B. He was recovering from his jet lag. C. He had some difficulty in falling asleep. D. He was knocked down by the car. 9. A. The man doesn’t agree with the woman’s idea. B. The woman never takes the responsibility of supporting the home. C. The man suggests that the woman is lazy in house keeping. D. The woman is busy with her work so that she neglects the family. 10. A. They are talking about a football match. B. The school soccer team has been set up. C. The man doesn’t want to be a substitute. D. The man doesn’t think the bench is comfortable. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Because Jobs suffered from the cancer. B. Because Jobs himself kept quiet about that. C. Because he was not rich enough to donate money. D. Because his wife prevented the public from knowing that. 12. A. The update of smartphones. B. The development of medicine. C. The building of Apple’s headquarters. D. Some Tech companies in California. 13. A. Mean. B. Creative. C. Charitable. D. Rich. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage 14. A. It can identify different flowers through its built- in sensors. B. It can record various smells digitally and reproduce them. C. It can make sweet smells by mixing flowers with vapour. D. It can create smells and give them off to any scene. 15. A. It helps shoppers locate the right brand of perfume. B. It helps shoppers check out the perfumes before they buy. C. It helps make sure that perfumes are truly genuine. D. It can recommend right perfumes to shoppers. 16. A. The device is made small enough to be easily carried. B. The device is sensitive to any smell the human nose can detect. C. Smells are programmed to accompany movie scenes. D. The device has recreated the smells of fish and gasoline. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Because he didn’t have her number. B. Because he thought it was unnecessary. C. Because he wished his luggage would be found soon. D. Because he had to attend a business meeting. 18. A. His flight number and arrival time. B. The cause of the flight’s late arrival. C. The number of his luggage check. D. The description of his luggage. 19. A. On the plane ticket. B. At the information desk. C. At the check- in counter. D. From the record of his flight. 20. A. Missing luggage is unlikely to be found. B. There are important documents in his luggage. C It is possible for the man to get his luggage today. D. The man thinks it is difficult to find his baggage. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Trouble with Friends On a daily basis, I teach kids. ___1___ “kids”, I mean teens to college- age, sometimes mid - twenties. Kids talk a lot about their friends, but don’t usually talk about their families. Sometimes I’m taken completely by surprise when, months into our knowing each other, a student mentions ___2___ (have) a twin. I suppose hearing the constant chatter about friends has made me consider my own, and how hard it can be ___3___ (maintain) these bonds as an adult. Mostly, what I notice is that I lose more friends than I make. An obvious reason for that is marriage. Friends get married and their spouses become their ___4___ (close) friends. My husband is now the person I spend the most time with. I tell him everything because I trust him with my thoughts, ___5___ stupid they may be. I used to be the same way with friends, but when I tell friends something now, I must accept the possibility that they will tell their spouses, ___6___ I’m friendly but not friends. A friendship is truly strained when you don’t like the spouse. Sometimes this new person is so far removed from ___7___ you imagined for your friend that you wonder if you knew your friend at all. After marriage, a friend who used to discuss things with you stops doing so, and ___8___ (update) you only on definitive good news, never the bad, the ugly, or the in- progress. She saves all of that for her partner. In other words, you’re no longer included in the problem- solving. Of course, some matters belong first to the marriage: the stuff of intimacy, finance, family. Increasingly, my friends leave me out of these big conversations, and vice versa, but when ___9___ outcome is certain, we do update one another, which reminds us that we’re still friends, but with the friendship ____10____ (reduce) to a PowerPoint. 【答案】1. By 2. having 3. to maintain 4. closest 5. however 6. with whom 7. what 8. updates 9. an 10. reduced 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要讨论了成年人维持友谊的挑战，尤其是在结婚之后。作者观察到，虽然朋友们经常讨论他们的社交生活，但他们往往很少分享他们的家庭和个人挣扎。当朋友结婚时，他们的配偶往往成为他们最亲密的知己，导致友谊的动态变化。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：我所说“孩子”是指十几岁到上大学的年龄，有时是二十五六岁。根据句意以及空后kids为名词可知，此处为介词By表示“就……而言，所谓”，满足句意要求。故填By。 【2题详解】 考查动名词。句意：有时，当我们认识几个月后，一个学生提到自己有一个双胞胎时，我完全感到惊讶。此处为动词短语mention doing“提及做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填having。 【3题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：我想，听到人们喋喋不休地谈论朋友，让我想到了自己的朋友，以及作为一个成年人，维持这些联系是多么困难。此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to maintain。 【4题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：朋友结婚，他们的配偶成为他们最亲密的朋友。根据句意以及空后的friends为名词可知，此处为形容词最高级closest“最亲密的”作定语修饰改名词，满足句意要求。故填closest。 【5题详解】 考查连词。句意：我把一切都告诉他，因为我相信他会把我的想法告诉他，不管这些想法有多愚蠢。根据上下句句意可知，此处为连词however表示“不管”引导让步状语从句，满足句意要求。故填however。 【6题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我过去对朋友也是这样，但现在当我告诉朋友一些事情时，我必须接受他们会告诉他们的配偶的可能性，我和他们是友好的，但不是朋友。此处为介词whom+关系代词whom引导的定语从句，先行词spouses在从句中作with的宾语成分。故填with whom。 【7题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：有时候，这个新认识的人与你想象中的朋友相去甚远，以至于你怀疑自己是否真正了解你的朋友。此处连接宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语成分，表示“什么”。故填what。 【8题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：结婚后，一个曾经和你讨论事情的朋友不再这样做了，他只告诉你一些确定的好消息，从不告诉你坏的、丑陋的或进展中的消息。此处为谓语动词的填入，由and连接的stops可知，此处也应为动词一般现在时的三单形式，保持并列结构。故填updates。 【9题详解】 考查冠词。句意：我的朋友们越来越多地把我排除在这些重要的谈话之外，反之亦然，但当结果确定时，我们确实会互相更新，这提醒我们，我们仍然是朋友，但友谊变成了PowerPoint。根据句意以及空后outcome为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一种结果”，结合outcome为首音节元音单词，所以为不定冠词an的填入。故填an。 【10题详解】 考查with的复合结构。句意：我的朋友们越来越多地把我排除在这些重要的谈话之外，反之亦然，但当结果确定时，我们确实会互相更新，这提醒我们，我们仍然是朋友，但友谊变成了PowerPoint。此处为with的复合结构，其中的动词应为非谓语形式，reduce和宾语the friendship为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填reduced。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. appealing B. bargains C. credited D. identical E. intentionally F. items G. limited H. missteps I. pioneered J. gratefully K. scored Dupes are wearing out Lululemon Athletica Dupes are the products that cost less than the premium (高端的) versions but are of similar style and quality. Less expensive versions of premium products have become a(n) ____11____ alternative, particularly for younger shoppers. That is becoming a problem for Lululemon Athletica, the company that ____12____ high- end sportswear and made $100 leggings the norm. “The brand logo doesn’t hold as much appeal as it used to,” said Mikayla Kitsopoulos, a 22- year- old college student. “Finding ____13____ is the new status symbol.” When Kitsopoulos was in high school, she wore Lululemon leggings, which cost about $100. Now, she buys her leggings on Amazon for about $30. She said the quality and fit is almost ____14____, so why pay more? The heightened competition comes as Lululemon has made a series of ____15____ that have turned off even some of its most devoted fans. Not long ago, it removed a new type of leggings from its stores and website after customers complained about the fit. Other mistakes have included a color palette that was too ____16____ and not having enough of some products such as smaller size leggings. The misfires have pushed people such as Natalie Assink to ____17____ seek out different brands. The20- year- old college student said she switched from Lululemon to Gymshark and AYBL not just because their leggings cost less, but also because they have more color varieties. Buying cheaper versions of premium products isn’t new. Boasting about it is. Ellyn Briggs, Moring Consult’s brands analyst, ____18____ the growing popularity of dupes to inflation but also to the rise of social media. The No. I reason people said they bought dupes was to save money, according to Morning Consult’s survey. They also wanted to test out whether the cheaper versions were as good as the premium ____19____ and then post about them on TikTok or other platforms. “It’s more than just a transaction,” Briggs said. “They want to share the fact that they have ____20____ a success.” 【答案】11. A 12. I 13. B 14. D 15. H 16. G 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. K 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了平价替代品（dupes）的流行，特别是针对高端运动品牌Lululemon Athletica的影响，以及消费者选择平价替代品的原因和动机。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：高档产品的低价版已成为一种颇具吸引力的选择，尤其是对年轻消费者而言。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，appealing意为“吸引人的”，符合语境。故选A项。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：这已成为Lululemon Athletica公司的一个问题，该公司率先推出了高端运动服装，并使100美元的打底裤成为常态。此处是that引导的定语从句，从句缺少谓语，空处应填动词，根据后文的made可知，用一般过去时，所以pioneered意为“开创”，符合语境。故选I项。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：“品牌标识已不再像过去那样具有吸引力，”22 岁的大学生Mikayla Kitsopoulos说道，“寻找物美价廉的商品才是新的身份象征。”空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，bargain意为“便宜货”，符合语境，为可数名词，根据句意，此处用复数形式。故选B项。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她说，质量和合身度几乎一样，为什么要多付钱呢?空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，identical意为“相同的”，符合语境。故选D项。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：竞争加剧之际，Lululemon犯下了一系列失误，甚至让一些最忠实的粉丝也失去了兴趣。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，此处指Lululemon犯了一系列错误，missteps意为“失误”，符合语境。故选H项。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其他错误还包括配色过于有限，以及一些产品(如小号打底裤)数量不足。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，此处指颜色调色板太有限，limited意为“有限的”，符合语境。故选G项。 【17题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些失败促使Natalie Assink等人有意寻找不同的品牌。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词修饰，此处指这些失误促使人们故意寻找不同的品牌，intentionally意为“故意地”，符合语境。故选E项。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：Moring Consult公司的品牌分析师Ellyn Briggs将冒牌服装越来越受欢迎归因于通货膨胀，但也归因于社交媒体的兴起。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，此处指将平价替代品的日益流行归因于通货膨胀，credit…to…意为“把……归因于……”，符合语境，根据句意，此处描述已发生的事，用一般过去时。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们还想测试一下便宜的版本是否和高级产品一样好，然后在TikTok或其他平台上发布有关它们的信息。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，此处指便宜版本是否和高端产品一样好，items意为“产品”，符合语境。故选F项。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：Briggs说：“这不仅仅是一笔交易。他们想分享他们取得成功的事实。”根据句意，此处表达已完成之事，用现在完成时，空前已有have，所以空处应填过去分词形式，此处指他们想分享他们取得成功的事实，scored意为“取得”，符合语境。故选K项。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. People’s relationship with work is complex and complicated. ____21____ complaining about the boredom and bureaucracy, the power-crazed bosses and disobedient colleagues, individuals need the security of a job. A century of research has shown that ____22____ is bad for mental health, leading to depression, anxiety and reduced self-esteem. On average, it has an even greater effect than divorce. But how much work do you need to do? A recent paper by the Centre for Business Research at Cambridge University found that people working reduced working hours or being ____23____ do not have poorer mental health. What was particularly surprising is how little work was needed to keep people happy. The threshold for good mental health was just one day a week — after that, it seemed to make little difference to individuals’ well-being if they worked eight hours or 48 hours a week. The ____24____ from working clearly comes from the feeling of purpose, from the social status it creates and from the camaraderie of colleagues engaged in the same tasks. A little bit of work may be ____25____, but too much is not. An enterprising junior analyst at Goldman Sachs recently surveyed his ____26____. The survey found those first-year analysts had worked an average 98 hours a week since the start of 2021, and only managed five hours of sleep a night. It found that 77% of them had been the subject of ____27____, that 75% had sought, or considered seeking counselling, and that, on average, they had suffered sharp declines in mental and physical health. Nevertheless, the general reaction to the story was remarkably ____28____. In some people’s eyes, the young analysts should have expected to be ____29____ in such a fashion; after all, that is why they were being paid so well. The well-experienced analysts of the investment- banking industry thought “It was the same in my day. Never did me any harm.” ____30____, it is still hard to see why young analysts should expect to suffer. They joined a bank, not the Mafia. Nor does it make much ____31____ sense to have employees working so long that they only get to sleep five hours a night. They can hardly be operating ____32____ when they are dog-tired. That junior professional staff have always worked long hours is not a good explanation for ____33____ stress on young people at the start of their careers. It smacks of the legendary navy motto: “The beatings will continue until morale improves.” Clearly, economy cannot ____34____ if everyone works one day a week. The need to limit excessive working hours was realised back in Victorian times. For much of the 20th century the length of the average working week fell while output continued to climb. There will be occasions when people have to work late or rise early to finish a project. Day after day, however, a long-hours lifestyle is bad for workers’ health. Some organizations may see the ____35____ for work as a sign of an employee’s willingness to put their job ahead of their families and friends. If so, they don’t need to have better employees. They need better managers. 21. A. With B. Despite C. Against D. Like 22. A. unemployment B. divorce C. complaint D. prosecution 23. A. employed B. suspended C. criticized D. motivated 24. A. secrets B. fatigue C. boost D. assignment 25. A. stressful B. helpless C. creative D. satisfying 26. A. peers B. superiors C. relatives D. advocates 27. A. workplace abuse B. racial discrimination C. cyber bullying D. peer pressure 28. A. predictable B. inevitable C. normal D. unsympathetic 29. A. accommodated B. treated C. paid D. fired 30. A. Conversely B. Therefore C. However D. Likewise 31 A. education B. medicine C. fitness D. business 32. A. at full efficiency B. at a loss C. in others’ shoes D. in low spirits 33. A. relieving B. piling C. blaming D. experimenting 34. A. contract B. collapse C. prosper D. recover 35. A. appetite B. gift C. excuse D. strategy 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述人和工作之间的关系，剑桥大学商业研究中心近日发表的一项研究显示，每周只需工作一天便能带来快乐。 【21题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管人们抱怨工作的无聊和官僚主义、疯狂追求权力的老板和不听话的同事，但人们还是需要一份工作的安全感。A. With具有，和……在一起；B. Despite尽管；C. Against反对；D. Like像，例如。结合句意可知，此处表示让步，使用despite，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：长达一个世纪的研究表明，失业对心理健康有害，会导致抑郁、焦虑和自尊心降低。A. unemployment失业，没有工作；B. divorce离婚；C. complaint抱怨；D. prosecution起诉。根据上文“individuals need the security of a job”可知，人们还是需要一份工作的安全感，故失业对心理健康有害，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：剑桥大学商业研究中心最近的一篇论文发现，工作时间缩短或者暂停工作的人的心理健康状况并不会更差。A. employed雇用；B. suspended暂停，中止；C. criticized批评；D. motivated激励。根据“working reduced working hours”以及下文“how little work”可知，此处是说缩短工作时间，或者暂停工作，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：工作的推动力显然来自于目标感，来自它所创造的社会地位，以及从事同样工作的同事之间的友情。A. secrets秘密；B. fatigue劳累；C. boost激励，推动力；D. assignment分配，任务。根据上文“it seemed to make little difference to individuals’ well-being if they worked eight hours or 48 hours a week(每周工作8小时或48小时对个人幸福感的影响似乎微乎其微)”可知，上文提到工作时长对个人幸福感的影响很小，此处指工作的推动力来自于别的方面，而不是工作时长，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：做一点点工作可能会令人满意，但做太多就不行了。A. stressful有压力的；B. helpless无助的；C. creative有创意的；D. satisfying令人满意的。根据上文“What was particularly surprising is how little work was needed to keep people happy.(特别令人惊讶的是，人们只需要很少的工作就能保持快乐)”可知，人们只需要很少的工作就能保持快乐，此处使用satisfying，呼应上文的happy，故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Goldman Sachs一位有事业心的初级分析师最近调查了他的同行。A. peers同辈，身份或地位相同的人；B. superiors上级，上司；C. relatives亲戚；D. advocates支持者，拥护者。根据下文“those first-year analysts”可知，这位初级分析师最近调查了他的同行，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：调查发现，其中77%的人曾在工作场所受到虐待，75%的人曾寻求或考虑寻求咨询，平均而言，这一群体的精神和身体健康状况急剧下降。A. workplace abuse工作场所虐待；B. racial discrimination种族歧视；C. cyber bullying网络暴力；D. peer pressure同辈压力。根据下文“had suffered sharp declines in mental and physical health(这一群体的精神和身体健康状况急剧下降)”以及下一段中“young analysts should expect to suffer(年轻的分析师会受折磨)”以及本文主题是工作时长和幸福感的关系可知，其中77%的人曾在工作场所受到虐待，故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，人们对这个故事的普遍反应还是非常冷淡。A. predictable可预测的；B. inevitable不可避免的；C. normal正常的；D. unsympathetic冷漠的，无同情心的。根据“In some people’s eyes, the young analysts should have expected to be ____9____ in such a fashion; after all, that is why they were being paid so well.”可知，很多人认为分析师薪酬丰厚，故职场压力是应该的，即他们的态度很冷漠，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一些人看来，这些年轻的分析师本应得到这样的对待；毕竟，这就是他们获得如此优厚薪酬的原因。A. accommodated容纳；B. treated对待；C. paid支付；D. fired解雇。根据“The survey found those first-year analysts had worked an average 98 hours a week since the start of 2021, and only managed five hours of sleep a night. It found that 77% of them had been the subject of ____7____”可知，分析师工作时间长，睡眠时间少以及遭遇职场虐待，此处指“这些年轻的分析师本应得到这样的对待”，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但仍然很难理解为什么年轻的分析师会受折磨。A. Conversely相反地；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Likewise同样地。根据上文内以及“It was the same in my day.”可知，年轻的分析师遭受很多职场压力，资深人士回忆说他们年轻时也一样，是描述这种现象的普遍性，与下文“it is still hard to see why young analysts should expect to suffer”之间是转折关系，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：让员工长时间工作，每晚只睡5个小时，在商业上也没有多大意义。A. education教育；B. medicine医疗；C. fitness健康；D. business商业。根据“have employees working so long”可知，此处是关于工作，故指让员工长时间工作没有什么商业意义，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：当他们疲惫不堪时，他们几乎不可能高效地工作。A. at full efficiency高效地；B. at a loss不知所措；C. in others’ shoes置身于别人的处境；D. in low spirits情绪低落。根据上文“Nor does it make much ____11____ sense”以及空后“when they are dog-tired”可知，让员工长时间工作没什么意义，他们疲惫不堪时不能高效工作，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：初级专业人员总是工作很长时间，这并不能很好地解释为什么年轻人在职业生涯刚开始就有压力。A. relieving减轻；B. piling堆放，过度施加；C. blaming责怪；D. experimenting做实验。第三段中“The survey found those first- year analysts had worked an average 98 hours a week since the start of 2021, and only managed five hours of sleep a night.(调查发现，自2021年初以来，这些第一年的分析师平均每周工作98个小时，每晚只睡5个小时)”提到年轻的分析师长时间工作，睡眠时间少，故年轻人在职业生涯刚开始被过度施加很多压力，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，如果每个人每周都工作一天，经济就不可能繁荣。A. contract收缩，订立合同；B. collapse倒塌；C. prosper繁荣；D. recover恢复。根据“if everyone works one day a week”可知，如果每个人每周都工作一天，经济就不可能繁荣，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些机构可能会将对工作的兴趣视为员工愿意把工作放在家人和朋友前面的一种表现。A. appetite强烈欲望；B. gift天赋；C. excuse借口；D. strategy策略。根据“an employee’s willingness to put their job ahead of their families and friends”可知，员工愿意把工作放在家人和朋友前面，故此处指员工对工作有兴趣，愿意工作，故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) This year, my two oldest sons asked me to sign them up for piano lessons. For certain reasons, I decided it would also be a good time for me to take up the piano again, after 30 years. As a child, I learned not just the piano, but the cello. I played in two orchestras and sang in the school choir. No one forced me to do any of it, but it wasn’t quite a free choice either. When you are the approval-addicted daughter of an over-invested mother, no one needs to apply force. My mom and I were well matched partners in the dance of unspoken expectation and approval-seeking. I did her forcing for her. For my mother, my musical industriousness wasn’t so much about achievement as identity. She was American by birth, and after marrying my university professor father and moving to London, she spent a decade working to be accepted into the impatient, fraught world of British intellectual society. In this environment, a diligent daughter lugging a giant cello was a tiny amount of cultural capital, a ticket to belonging. As much as anything could, music made me into the person my mother needed me to be, so that she could be the person she needed to be, in order to escape who she actually was. And for my part, although I never truly believed that my mother’s love was conditional, I did have the suspicion that there was a performance-related bonus in there. It was foolish to think that taking up the piano at the same time as my own children would be emotionally uncomplicated. Or perhaps the complication was exactly why I sought it out. Somehow, the piano lessons turn me into both my childhood self, seeking my mother’s approval, and into my mother herself, putting the same high expectations on my own children. My mother was lucky in that I was temperamentally (性情地) suited to the role she assigned me. My sons are not so much so. They are rambunctious and restless, not wired for lengthy sessions of sitting still and reflecting well on me. Unconditional love may be at the defining heart of parenthood, but sometimes it can feel impossible to accommodate unconditional love to the worldly practices of day-to-day parenting. The whole job seems set up for conditionality: It would be dishonest to pretend that we have no stake in wanting our children to reflect our own values and preferences. I’m disappointed when my sons won’t play their role in the script I have written for them, but deep down, I’m also a little thrilled. They are maddeningly, gloriously resistant to the pressure. A secret part of me is delighted by their raging demands for full personhood — beyond my projections and hopes and fears. By the life they claim. 36. The underlined sentence in paragraph two means ______. A. the author demanded to learn musical instruments out of pure love B the author forced her mum to sign her up for piano lessons against her will C. the author’s mom pushed her to learn musical instruments for her own sake D. the author offered to learn musical instruments to obtain her mom’s approval 37. The author’s mother think of the author’s musical industriousness as ______. A. a symbol more of family achievement than of social identity B. a way for her to fit into the British intellectual society at that time C. proof of her ability to be a qualified mother in front of her husband D. a result of her selfless cultivation more than the author’s own diligence 38. Which of the following is TRUE from the author’s perspective? A. She doesn’t care about her sons’ levels of playing musical instruments. B. She has a mixed feeling towards her sons’ reluctance to practise musical instruments. C. She feels sorrowful because her sons are unlikely skilled at playing musical instruments. D. She is still convinced that her sons could be as talented on musical instruments as she was. 39. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A. Can Musical Talents Really be Inherited? B. Can We Really Force Our Children to Love Music? C. Can We Really Love Our Children Unconditionally? D. Can Playing Instruments Help Us Fit into Intellectual Society? 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. B 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从自己的经历讲述了对于父母无条件的爱的看法。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段划线处上句“When you are the approval-addicted daughter of an over-invested mother, no one needs to apply force. My mom and I were well matched partners in the dance of unspoken expectation and approval-seeking. (如果你是过度投入的母亲的女儿，那么没有人需要使用武力。在无言的期待和寻求认同的舞蹈中，我和妈妈是非常般配的一对。)”可知，作者主动提出学习乐器以获得母亲的认可。故选D。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“For my mother, my musical industriousness wasn’t so much about achievement as identity. She was American by birth, and after marrying my university professor father and moving to London, she spent a decade working to be accepted into the impatient, fraught world of British intellectual society. (对我母亲来说，我在音乐上的勤奋与其说是成就，不如说是身份。她出生在美国，在嫁给我的大学教授父亲并搬到伦敦后，她花了10年的时间努力工作，以便被英国知识分子社会这个不耐烦、充满忧虑的世界所接受。)”可知，作者的母亲认为作者在音乐上的勤奋是她融入当时英国知识界的一种方式。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“I’m disappointed when my sons won’t play their role in the script I have written for them, but deep down, I’m also a little thrilled. (当我的儿子们不能在我为他们写的剧本中扮演他们的角色时，我很失望，但在内心深处，我也有点激动。)”可知，作者对于儿子们不愿练习乐器，一方面是失望，另一方面是激动，作者的心里感受是复杂的。故选B。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“And for my part, although I never truly believed that my mother’s love was conditional, I did have the suspicion that there was a performance- related bonus in there. (对我来说，虽然我从来没有真正相信我母亲的爱是有条件的，但我确实怀疑其中有与表现相关的好处。)”可知，作者从自己的学习乐器的经历讲述了对于父母无条件的爱的看法。C项：Can We Really Love Our Children Unconditionally? (我们真的能无条件地爱我们的孩子吗？)合乎题意。故选C。 (B) Universal Studios Singapore Have your fun multiplies across 6 themed zones. Universal Studios Singapore is Southeast Asia’s first and only Universal Studios theme park. Transported by adrenaline- pumping rides, you can enjoy interactive shows and a wide variety of exciting attractions based on the blockbuster movies and television series you know and love so well. Welcome in and enjoy the ride! Rides and Shows Operating hours may be subject to changes without prior notice. Street entertainment and selected experiences will not be available until further notice. Please click here to view the Rider’s Guide for Rider Safety and Guest with Disabilities. S. E. A. Aquarium Explore the wonders of the oceans’ diverse inhabitants and how to protect marine life. S. E. A. Aquarium is one of the world’s largest aquariums, home to more than 100,000 marine animals representing 1,000 species across more than 40 diverse habitats. The vast array of aquatic life is complemented by interactive programs, up- close animal encounters and immersive learning journeys to inspire visitors to protect the world’s oceans. S. E. A. Aquarium will be closed every Tue and Wed from 1 Jul to 31 Aug, 2 and 3 Sep, plus every Tue and Wed from 9 Sep to 30 Nov 2024. On 9 Sep, kindly be advised that S. E. A. Aquarium will be closed at 2:00 PM for the Teyvat SEA Exploration media preview. We seek your kind understanding for any inconvenience caused. Before Visit Advisory We encourage cashless payments. Tap and pay with your contactless cards or digital wallets at our attractions, hotels and RWS- owned dining establishments. Tickets Latest ticket price is available in Booking page. Please click here. Adventure Cove Waterpark “Water” way to play! From thrilling water slides full of high- speed twists and turns to appealing wonders of different coves, there’s an experience waiting just for you at Adventure Cove Waterpark. For the ultimate adrenaline seeker, Riptide Rocket is an irresistible pull and on the opposite side of it is the calming trip down Adventure River. Note: Adventure Cove Waterpark will be closed on September 15 for a private event. We appreciate your understanding and apologize for any inconvenience this may cause. We look forward to welcoming you soon. Important Information In the event of unpleasant weather, all outdoor attractions will be suspended for your safety. Most water attractions are physically demanding and is not recommended for pregnant mothers. No outside food and beverages will be permitted. Please click here for more information of accepted swimwear prior to your visit. 40. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. The S. E. A. Aquarium accepts only cash payments for tickets and dining. B. Three attractions are friendly for all guests even those who have been pregnant. C. Universal Studios Singapore has 6 zones themed on famous films and TV series. D. Adventure Cove Waterpark is open every day without exception throughout the year. 41. Lydia, a fan of adventure but hates getting wet, is planning for a day trip on Thursday September 15th. The most suitable attraction for her is ______. A. Universal Studios Singapore B. S. E. A. Aquarium C. Adventure Cove Waterpark D. Riptide Rocket 42. Where can you most probably find this passage? A. The official website of a resort. B. A travel magazine. C. The newspaper’s entertainment section. D. An update on social media. 【答案】40. C 41. A 42. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了三个可以进行冒险之旅的地方。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据Universal Studios Singapore部分中“Have your fun multiplies across 6 themed zones.(让你的乐趣在6个主题区域倍增)”和“Transported by adrenaline-pumping rides, you can enjoy interactive shows and a wide variety of exciting attractions based on the blockbuster movies and television series you know and love so well.(乘坐刺激的游乐设施，您可以欣赏互动表演和各种令人兴奋的景点，这些景点都是根据您所熟悉和喜爱的大片电影和电视剧改编的)”可知，新加坡环球影城有6个以著名电影和电视剧为主题的展区，故选C。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据Universal Studios Singapore部分中“Transported by adrenaline-pumping rides, you can enjoy interactive shows and a wide variety of exciting attractions based on the blockbuster movies and television series you know and love so well.(乘坐刺激的游乐设施，您可以欣赏互动表演和各种令人兴奋的景点，这些景点都是根据您所熟悉和喜爱的大片电影和电视剧改编的)”和S. E. A. Aquarium 部分中“The vast array of aquatic life is complemented by interactive programs, up- close animal encounters and immersive learning journeys to inspire visitors to protect the world’s oceans.(通过互动项目、近距离接触动物和身临其境的学习之旅，丰富多样的水生生物将激发游客保护世界海洋的热情)”以及Adventure Cove Waterpark 部分中“Adventure Cove Waterpark will be closed on September 15 for a private event.(冒险湾水上乐园将于9月15日因私人活动而关闭)”可知，S.E.A.海洋馆包含互动项目、近距离接触动物和身临其境的学习，包含“激流火箭”项目的冒险湾水上乐园将于9月15日关闭，故Lydia喜欢冒险，但讨厌被淋湿，她计划在9月15日周四进行一日游，最适合的是新加坡环球影城。故选A。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容以及“Please click here(请点击这里)”可知，文章主要介绍了三个可以进行冒险之旅的地方，可能来自度假胜地的官方网站，故选A。 (C) JULY 19TH was a day for help- desk heroes. A routine software update by CrowdStrike, a cyber-security company, caused computer breakdown in offices, hospitals and airports worldwide. Most white-collar workers looked miserably at their screens and realised just how useless they are if they cannot log in. People in IT came to the rescue of helpless colleagues and stranded passengers. Their work that day was full of stress — but also full of meaning. If machines can add purpose to some jobs when they fail, what about when they work properly? This is not a meaningless question. Technologies tend to spread in less dramatic ways, task by task rather than role by role. Before machines replace individuals, they change the nature of the work they do. A recent paper, from Milena Nikolova and Femke Cnossen looked at the prevalence of robots in industrial settings and how that affected workers. Robots reduced the perceived meaningfulness of jobs across the board, regardless of age, gender, skills and the type of work. In theory, machines can free up time for more interesting tasks; in practice, they seem to have had the opposite effect. In a separate paper, Ms Nikolova and Anthony Lepinteur of the University of Luxembourg, explore why this might be. They find that industrial robots make jobs less physically exhausting. But the number of tasks that remain open to humans decreases, hurting both the variety of work and people’s understanding of the production process. Work becomes more routine, not less. Machines need not have a dulling effect. In their research Ms Nikolova and her co-authors found that people did not perceive a loss of autonomy if they were working with computers, where they have more control of the machine than the other way round. And automation may well have a different impact on service industries like health caro, where less time spent on manual work might indeed mean more time with patients. A paper from 2011 by Michael Barrett of the University of Cambridge found that the introduction of drug-dispensing robots into hospital pharmacies had different effects. Pharmacists felt the quality of their jobs had improved because they had more time for patient counselling. Pharmacy assistants had a more miserable time of it, however, as their role shrank to loading medicine into the machines. It is still too early to know how AI will affect the quality of work. Some will surely enjoy using a bot to brainstorm ideas and take care of boring tasks, while others may not. The thing for managers to remember is that machines can make employees feel differently about their work. So it matters whether new technologies are introduced in collaboration with employees or imposed from above, and whether they enhance or weaken their sense of competence. 43. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the first and second paragraphs? A. Machines can sometimes add more purposes to jobs when they fail. B. Technologies typically spread across entire roles, replacing workers in one go. C. Potential demerits of introducing machines in the workplace have been recorded. D. A cyber-security company caused technological faults on purpose when testing the software. 44. What’s the conclusion of Ms Nikolova’s research in industrial settings? A. Workers feel more autonomous and in control when working with robots. B. Machines reduce the sense of purpose in human workers’ jobs in reality. C. Industrial robots replace human workers, eliminating their tasks and roles. D. Automation facilitates manual labor, increasing the variety of tasks. 45. We can infer from Barrett’s research that ______. A. the introduction of robots leads to a decrease in job quality for all hospital staff B. when robots are introduced, staff tend to feel more satisfied regardless of their roles C. in the same department, workers in different positions can feel differently to automation D. in some occupational areas, automation does constantly reduce the perceived meaningfulness 46. Which of the following studies will others in the last paragraph cite as their evidence? A. A paper from Boris Nikolaev illustrates that many employees put a higher premium on non-monetary than monetary rewards. B. Research by Pok Man Tang of the University of Georgia suggests that workers who interact more with AI assistants feel lonelier and long for more social contact. C. A recent Federal Reserve discussion paper surveyed American workers who had switched jobs; they found that interest in the work mattered more to people than pay and benefits. D. An experiment conducted by Eugina Leung states that a technology that cuts down on boring tasks is fine; one that threatens your sense of identity is not. 【答案】43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“机器和人工智能对工作质量和员工感受的影响”这一主题展开讨论，通过引用多个研究案例和分析，探讨了机器在出现故障和正常运转时对工作的影响，以及自动化和人工智能在不同行业中的应用对员工感受和工作质量的潜在影响。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Most white - collar workers looked miserably at their screens and realised just how useless they are if they cannot log in. People in IT came to the rescue of helpless colleagues and stranded passengers. Their work that day was full of stress— but also full of meaning. (大多数白领悲惨地盯着他们的屏幕，意识到如果无法登录，他们的工作将变得毫无意义。信息技术部门的人员前来解救那些无助的同事和被困的乘客。他们那天的工作充满了压力，但也充满了意义。)”以及第二段“If machines can add purpose to some jobs when they fail, what about when they work properly? (如果机器在出现故障时能给某些工作增添意义，那么当它们正常运转时又会怎样呢？)”可知，有时候机器出现故障的时候，会给一些工作增添意义。故选A。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A recent paper, from Milena Nikolova and Femke Cnossen looked at the prevalence of robots in industrial settings and how that affected workers. Robots reduced the perceived meaningfulness of jobs across the board, regardless of age, gender, skills and the type of work. In theory, machines can free up time for more interesting tasks; in practice, they seem to have had the opposite effect.( Milena Nikolova和Femke Cnossen撰写的一篇近期论文研究了工业环境中机器人的普及程度以及这对工人的影响。机器人普遍降低了工作的意义感，无论年龄、性别、技能水平和工作类型如何。理论上，机器可以腾出时间让人去做更有趣的任务；但实际上，它们似乎产生了相反的效果。)”可知，Nikolova女士的研究表明，机器减少了人类工作者工作中的意义感。故选B。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“A paper from 2011 by Michael Barrett of the University of Cambridge found that the introduction of drug- dispensing robots into hospital pharmacies had different effects. Pharmacists felt the quality of their jobs had improved because they had more time for patient counselling. Pharmacy assistants had a more miserable time of it, however, as their role shrank to loading medicine into the machines. (剑桥大学的Michael Barrett于2011年发表的一篇论文发现，在医院药房引入药物分发机器人产生了不同的影响。药剂师觉得他们的工作质量提高了，因为他们有更多的时间为患者提供咨询。然而，药房助理的日子就不好过了，因为他们的职责缩减为往机器里装药。)”可推测，即便都是在医院药房里工作，药剂师和药房助理的感受都不一样。故选C。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It is still too early to know how AI will affect the quality of work. Some will surely enjoy using a bot to brainstorm ideas and take care of boring tasks, while others may not. The thing for managers to remember is that machines can make employees feel differently about their work. So it matters whether new technologies are introduced in collaboration with employees or imposed from above, and whether they enhance or weaken their sense of competence. (目前还无法确定人工智能将如何影响工作质量。有些人肯定会喜欢使用机器人来集思广益和处理无聊的任务，而另一些人则可能不会。管理者要记住的一点是，机器会让员工对自己的工作产生不同的感受。因此，新技术是与员工合作引入还是从上面强加，以及它们是否增强了还是削弱了员工的胜任感，这些都是至关重要的。)”可知，员工的胜任感是非常重要的。故选D。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. How Many Devices Are You Wearing? The classic nightmare of suddenly realizing you are naked in public could soon get a futuristic twist: it might involve the horror of losing not just your modesty but also your pass codes. Scientists recently created magnetic garments that they say can store data, automatically unlock doors or control a nearby smartphone with gesture. The concept of interactive “smart clothing” has drawn attention in the past couple of years. ____47____ This and other smart garments are made with conductive thread and usually require an attached electronic device. To eliminate the need for such devices, researchers at the University of Washington recently took advantage of what is a previously untapped property of conductive thread: its ability to be magnetized. “Using magnetic instead of electric properties of the thread may seem like a small difference, but it is what makes this work interesting and exciting,” says Chris Harrison, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University. ____48____ The Washington team magnetized a patch of fabric embroidered with conductive thread, giving different parts of the cloth a north or south orientation that correspond to binary 1’s or 0’. This step allowed the researchers to store up to 33 million different combinations — such as pass codes for doors — on a shirt sleeve. ____49____ The team described its findings last October at a meeting of the Association for Computing Machinery. The garments still stored data after washing, drying and ironing, but they could not escape time’s eraser; after about a week, the threads’ magnetic fields had weakened by around30 percent. ____50____ But for now the clothes may be best suited for storing temporary codes, such as those found on hotel key cards or clothing tags in stores. Harrison says that it is “very unlikely you are ever going to achieve a comparable density to magnetic hard drives” with data- storing fabric, however. A. Custom- made thread has thus been designed so that the clothes are enabled to work longer. B. For example, Google and Levi’s created a touch- sensitive jacket that can operate a smartphone. C. Turning wearables into storage devices with the new technique was a unique thing the researchers bad done. D. The researchers suggest that using custom- made thread designed to hold stronger magnetic fields might work longer. E. The new technique allowed the researchers to do something they say is unique among wearables: turn them into storage devices. F. They also created magnetic gloves that could control a nearby smartphone with gestures. 【答案】47. B 48. E 49. F 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家最新创造的磁性服装，这种服装可以存储数据、自动解锁门或控制附近的智能手机等，并详细阐述了这种技术的原理、应用和潜在问题。 【47题详解】 根据空前内容“The concept of interactive “smart clothing” has drawn attention in the past couple of years.(在过去的几年里，交互式“智能服装”的概念引起了人们的关注。)”可知，智能服装引起了人们的关注。选项B“For example, Google and Levi’s created a touch- sensitive jacket that can operate a smartphone.(例如，谷歌和李维斯发明了一种可以操作智能手机的触摸感应夹克。)”给出了智能服装的一个具体例子，同时引出下文“This and other smart garments are made with conductive thread and usually require an attached electronic device.(这种智能服装和其他智能服装是由导电线制成的，通常需要附加电子设备。)”对这种服装的具体介绍。故选B。 【48题详解】 根据上文内容““Using magnetic instead of electric properties of the thread may seem like a small difference, but it is what makes this work interesting and exciting,” says Chris Harrison, a computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University.(卡耐基梅隆大学的计算机科学家Chris Harrison说：“使用磁性而不是电性能的线似乎是一个小小的区别，但这正是这项工作有趣和令人兴奋的地方。”)”指出这种智能服装使用磁性而不是电性能的线。选项E“The new technique allowed the researchers to do something they say is unique among wearables: turn them into storage devices.(这项新技术使研究人员能够做一些他们认为在可穿戴设备中独一无二的事情：把它们变成存储设备。)”延续上文内容，指出使用磁性而不是电性能的线可以将这种衣服变成存储设备。故选E。 【49题详解】 根据上文内容“The Washington team magnetized a patch of fabric embroidered with conductive thread, giving different parts of the cloth a north or south orientation that correspond to binary 1’s or0’. This step allowed the researchers to store up to 33 million different combinations — such as pass codes for doors — on a shirt sleeve.(华盛顿大学的研究小组对一块绣有导电线的织物进行磁化，使布料的不同部分具有南北方向，对应于二进制1或0 。这一步骤允许研究人员在衬衫袖子上存储多达3300万种不同的组合，比如门的密码。)”可知，研究人员可以在衬衫袖子上存储多达3300万种不同的组合。选项F“They also created magnetic gloves that could control a nearby smartphone with gestures.(他们还发明了磁性手套，可以用手势控制附近的智能手机。)”延续上文内容，指出研究人员除了可以在衬衫袖子上存储多达3300万种不同的组合，还发明了磁性手套。故选F。 【50题详解】 根据上文内容“The garments still stored data after washing, drying and ironing, but they could not escape time’s eraser; after about a week, the threads’ magnetic fields had weakened by around30 percent.(这些衣物在洗涤、干燥、熨烫之后仍然保存着数据，但它们无法逃脱时间的擦除；大约一周后，线的磁场减弱了大约30%。)”可知，时间久了之后，线的磁场会减弱。选项D“The researchers suggest that using custom- made thread designed to hold stronger magnetic fields might work longer.(研究人员建议使用定制的线来保持更强的磁场可能会工作更长时间。)”延续上文内容，指出由于线的磁场随着时间的流逝会减弱，因此研究人员建议使用定制的线来保持更强的磁场，从而使工作时间更长。故选D。 IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Work is just meeting now In 2016, a group of work researchers calculated that time spent in meetings had increased by 50 percent since the 1990s. Many workers were spending so much time in meetings, taking calls, and combing through their inbox that their most “critical work” often had to wait until they were home. Wall- to- wall meetings from 9 to 5 were pushing any creative or individual work to some period after dinner. In 2022, Microsoft researchers published a study that anonymously tracked workers using the company’s software. They discovered that about one-third of the workers in their study were as likely to work at 10 p. m. as they were at 8 a. m. The reason? When the pandemic sent knowledge workers home, official meetings replaced casual interactions and made it impossible for many people to get things done unless they found time to log back online after dinner. In further research, Microsoft has found that, since 2020, workers in their sample have tripled the time they spent in meetings. If someone had to defend this phenomenon, they might point out that as firms grow, they accumulate bureaucratic habits. Departments are born, and workers within those departments develop expertise that is alien to people just down the hall. Working across these divisions requires that people spend more time getting to know and understand what their colleagues- are doing. Recent cultural changes might also be driving the surge in meeting times. In the last few years, the business world has focused much more on inclusion— letting more people’s voices be heard in decision- making. A business culture that allows more people to say their piece is one that requires people to spend more time listening to other people talk. In some decisions, that might be appropriate. At extremes, an office that requests more input is an office where talking about work can disturb efficient decision making. Today, knowledge work is, quantitatively speaking, less about creating new things than it is about talking about those things. Luckily, artificial- intelligence tools have the potential for eliminating unnecessary meetings and allowing people to focus on their work— or, even better, to cut hours of meetings that they can instead devote to leisure. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The amount of time spent in meetings has increased significantly recently, which slows down creative or individual work. As companies grow, employees need to spend more time knowing what their colleagues are doing. Recent cultural changes may also have contributed to the surge in meeting time. Artificial intelligence tools have the potential to help solve this problem 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最近花在会议上的时间显著增加，这减慢了创造性或个人工作的速度。随着公司的发展，员工需要花更多的时间了解同事在做什么。另一方面，最近的文化变化可能也促成了会议时间的激增。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Many workers were spending so much time in meetings, taking calls, and combing through their inbox that their most “critical work” often had to wait until they were home. ②They discovered that about one- third of the workers in their study were as likely to work at 10 p. m. as they were at 8 a. m. ③Recent cultural changes might also be driving the surge in meeting times. In the last few years, the business world has focused much more on inclusion— letting more people’s voices be heard in decision- making. ④Recent cultural changes might also be driving the surge in meeting times. In the last few years, the business world has focused much more on inclusion— letting more people’s voices be heard in decision- making. ⑤Luckily, artificial- intelligence tools have the potential for eliminating unnecessary meetings and allowing people to focus on their work— or, even better, to cut hours of meetings that they can instead devote to leisure. 2.缜密构思将第1、2、5个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 The amount of time spent in meetings has increased dramatically recently, slowing down creative or individual work. As companies grow, it takes employees more time to know what their colleagues are doing. Recent cultural changes may also have facilitated the surge in meeting time. Artificial intelligence tools have the potential to assist solve this problem 【点睛】[高分句型1] The amount of time spent in meetings has increased significantly recently, which slows down creative or individual work. 运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段和第二段进行了概括。其中which引导的定语从句的表达高级。 [高分句型2]：As companies grow, employees need to spend more time knowing what their colleagues are doing 用as引导时间状语从句对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。 V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 过去80年，浦江沿岸经历了翻天覆地的变化。(witness) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Over the past 80 years, the Pujiang River bank has witnessed tremendous changes. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和短语。表示“过去80年”为over the past 80 years；表示“浦江沿岸”用the Pujiang River bank作主语；表示“经历”可用动词witness，作谓语；表示“翻天覆地的变化”翻译为tremendous changes。为现在完成时。故翻译为Over the past 80 years, the Pujiang River bank has witnessed tremendous changes. 53. 我从未想到会和这位小有名气的网红一起滞留在机场。(strike) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It never struck me that I would be stranded at the airport with this slightly famous internet celebrity. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。表示“某人从未想到……”句型为It never struck/strikes sb. that…；从句主语为I；表示“被滞留”be stranded，would后跟动词原形；表示“在机场”短语为at the airport；表示“和这位小有名气的网红”应用介词短语with this slightly famous internet celebrity。发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为It never struck me that I would be stranded at the airport with this slightly famous internet celebrity. 54. 这些新推出的运动设备是否如广告宣传那样有所谓的保健功效，这仍有待观察。(remain) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It remains to be seen whether these newly launched sports equipment have the so-called health care effects as advertised. 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句、固定短语及不定式。whether...or not表示“是否”，引导主语从句，“这些新推出的运动设备”译为these newly launched sports equipment，作从句主语且为复数，其中launched为过去分词作定语，从句谓语“有”译为have，从句宾语“所谓的保健功效”译为the so-called health care effects，“如广告宣传那样”译为as advertised，是方式状语，主语从句翻译为：whether these newly launched sports equipment have the so-called health care effects as advertised；It remain to be seen ...为固定短语，表示“……仍有待观察”，用it作形式主语，whether引导真正的主语从句，故译为It remains to be seen whether these newly launched sports equipment have the so-called health care effects as advertised. 55. 社交媒体推动了信息共享，提供了自我表达和探索世界的平台，因此极大吸引了年轻一代。(appeal) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Social media promotes information sharing and provides a platform for self-expression and exploring the world, thus greatly appealing to the younger generation. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和非谓语动词。根据所给中文提示词，“社交媒体”作主语，译为“social media”，“推动了”作谓语，用动词promote，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，“信息共享”作宾语，译为“information sharing”，“提供了”为and连接的并列谓语，译为“provides”，“平台”作宾语，译为“a platform”，“自我表达和探索世界”为介词短语作后置定语，意为“for self-expression and exploring the world”，“因此极大吸引了年轻一代”根据题干要求，用appeal，此处用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语social media之间是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，译为“thus greatly appealing to the younger generation”。故译为：Social media promotes information sharing and provides a platform for self-expression and exploring the world, thus greatly appealing to the younger generation. VI. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学的李华，本学期你参加了英美文学选修课，老师提供了两种考核方式供大家选择。请给老师写一封邮件，说说你的选择。 你的邮件需包括： 1.你所选择的考核方式： 2.通过比较， 说明你选择的理由。 考核方式 课堂考试 学期论文(term paper) 完成时间 2小时 2周 内容 老师限定 可任选一个你感兴趣的课题 地点 课堂上 课外 完成方式 独立完成，不得带参考书 可讨论，并可查阅相关资料 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear teacher, I am writing to inform you that I have decided to choose the term paper as my assessment method for this semester’s British and American literature course. The reason why I choose the term paper over the in- class examination is that I believe the term paper offers me more flexibility and opportunities to explore the subject in depth. Firstly, the term paper allows me to choose a topic that I am interested in, which I believe will make the learning process more enjoyable and effective. On the other hand, the in - class examination is limited to the content specified by the teacher, which may not be as engaging for me. Secondly, the term paper gives me two weeks to complete it, during which I can discuss with others and consult relevant materials. This will enable me to gain a deeper understanding of the topic and produce a more comprehensive paper. In contrast, the in - class examination only allows two hours for completion and prohibits the use of reference books, which may limit my ability to demonstrate my full understanding of the subject. In conclusion I believe the term paper is a more suitable assessment method for me as it allows me to explore the subject in depth and at my own pace. Thank you for your understanding and support. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生对于本学期你参加了英美文学选修课，老师提供了两种考核方式供大家选择这一情况，给老师写一封邮件，说说你的选择。 【详解】1.词汇积累 方法，方式：method→ way 提供：offers→ provides 获得：gain→ obtain 禁止：prohibit→ forbid 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Secondly, the term paper gives me two weeks to complete it, during which I can discuss with others and consult relevant materials. This will enable me to gain a deeper understanding of the topic and produce a more comprehensive paper. 拓展句：Secondly, the term paper gives me two weeks to complete it, during which I can discuss with others and consult relevant materials, which will enable me to gain a deeper understanding of the topic and produce a more comprehensive paper. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The reason why I choose the term paper over the in- class examination is that I believe the term paper offers me more flexibility and opportunities to explore the subject in depth.（运用了why引导的定语从句以及that引导的表语从句。） 【高分句型2】On the other hand, the in - class examination is limited to the content specified by the teacher, which may not be as engaging for me.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$