Unit 4 Natural Disasters【单元测试 · 提升卷】-2024-2025学年高一英语单元速记•巧练（人教版2019必修第一册）

Unit 4 Natural Disasters【单元测试 · 提升卷】 全卷满分120分　考试用时100分钟 第一部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A little knowledge and a few precautionary measures(预防措施) can greatly increase your chances of surviving an earthquake. The key is education and preparation in advance. Or when it happens, it is too late that you take a booklet to learn then. The earthquake safety tips below will not make you an expert. However, they could make a life⁃saving difference if you find yourself in an earthquake situation. Before the Earthquake Teach all members of your family about earthquake safety.This includes the action you should take when an earthquake occurs, the safe places in a room such as under a strong desk, along interior walls, and places to avoid such as near windows, large mirrors, hanging objects, heavy furniture and fireplaces. During the Earthquake If you are indoors, stay there. Quickly move to a safe location in the room such as under a strong desk, under a strong table, or along an interior wall. If you are outdoors, move to an open area where falling objects are unlikely to strike you. Stay away from buildings,telegraph poles(电线杆) and trees. If you are driving, slow down smoothly and stop on the side of the road. Avoid stopping on or under bridges and overpasses(立交桥), or under power lines, trees and large signs. Stay in your car. After the Earthquake Check for damage. If your building is badly damaged, you should leave it quickly until it has been inspected by a safety professional. If you smell or hear a gas leak(煤气泄漏), get everyone outside and open windows and doors. If you can do it safely, turn off the gas. Report the leak to the gas company and fire department. Do not use any electrical appliances because a tiny spark could make the gas burn suddenly. 1.What is the key to surviving an earthquake? A.Learning some tips when an earthquake happens. B.Consulting the experienced survivors. C.Leaving where earthquakes often happen. D.Education and preparation in advance. 2.What do telegraph poles mean when an earthquake happens? A.Help. B.Energy. C.Safety. D.Danger. 3.What should you do when you find your house is badly damaged after the earthquake? A.Stay where you are. B.Phone 119. C.Leave the house quickly. D.Find your dear possessions. ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了震前、震中和震后要注意的事项。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The key is education and preparation in advance.”可知,在地震中幸存的关键是提前教育和准备。 2.D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Stay away from buildings, telegraph poles and trees.”可推知,当地震发生时电线杆是危险的,所以要远离。 3.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If your building is badly damaged, you should leave it quickly...”可知,如果房子在地震中被严重破坏了应该立即离开。 B In December 2004, I had just become a professional photographer and was working on a project about communities who live on the sea, known as sea nomads(海上游牧民族). I was living with members of the Chao⁃Ley tribe(部落) on a small island in southern Thailand. We didn't share a language and depended on body language to communicate. I went to sea with them regularly. One morning, I was due to set out with a group of six fishermen in a small boat. The sea looked different, with the water totally still. About 20 minutes after we left and a few miles out in the open sea, one of the fishermen pointed to a small white spot far in the distance. It was getting bigger and bigger very quickly. This was a tsunami wave speeding through the ocean. We were in shock. Usually, the deeper the water, the weaker the wave. But we weren't out far enough to be safe, nor close enough to shore to make it back in time. We were stuck. I began to feel really scared. The captain told the six of us where to sit, so we would balance the boat. My camera was in my backpack. I wanted to capture the scene, but I couldn't. Any movement would make the boat out of balance. Suddenly there was a huge noise. The wave hit the boat, but in a flash the skilled captain managed to swerve(突然转向) up and onto the wave. Then the boat moved from the tip of the wave down into safe waters. Our eyes and mouths were wide open, and everyone let out heavy sighs. The captain had saved us all. Surviving gave me a deep understanding of how important life can be. I've been going back to Southeast Asia almost every year since. The photography project has become a thank⁃you to the person who saved my life. The picture I wanted to take on the boat remains “the one that got away”—I think every photographer has one. But mine changed my life. 4.What happened before the author set out with the fishermen? A.The captain wanted to cancel the trip.　　　 B.He noticed something unusual. C.They saw a white spot in the distance.　　　 D.It looked as if it was about to rain. 5.When did the author start to feel frightened? A.When fishermen on the boat felt nervous.　　　 B.When he realized they were trapped. C.When the boat was about to be hit.　　　 D.When the boat shook violently. 6.What was the author doing when the tsunami wave hit the boat? A.Helping the captain swerve.　　　 B.Taking a photo of the wave. C.Trying not to move.　　　 D.Reaching for his backpack. 7.What did the author learn from his experience? A.We should have the courage to take risks.　　　 B.Opportunity never knocks twice. C.Life is too short to be wasted.　　　 D.Sometimes regrets in life can save us. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在与六个渔民乘坐一条小船出海时遭遇了海啸,英勇的船长救了船上所有人的故事。 4.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知,一天早晨,作者要和六个渔民乘坐一条小船出发。大海看起来不一样了,海水是完全静止的。所以,在出发前,作者注意到了一些不寻常的情况。故选B。 5.B　细节理解题。根据题干中的feel frightened定位到第四段中的“I began to feel really scared.”。根据该信息前面的“But we weren't out far enough to be safe, nor close enough to shore to make it back in time. We were stuck.”可知,当作者意识到他们被困住的时候,他开始感到害怕。故选B。 6.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前四句可知,为了让船能平衡,船长告诉作者在内的六人坐在合适的位置。尽管作者想拿出背包里的照相机拍摄,但他不能这样做,任何动作都会使船失去平衡。所以当海啸波袭击船的时候,作者尽力保持不动。故选C。 7.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,经历了那次与死神的邂逅,作者深刻理解了生命的重要性。虽说在那次灾难时,作为摄影师,作者没有拍到现场的照片,但船长的英勇和他们的克制不动让他们活了下来。由此推知,从这次经历中作者意识到有时候生活中的遗憾可以拯救我们。故选D。 【高频词汇】　1.professional adj.专业的;职业的 n.专业人士　2.depend on依靠,信赖　3.regularly adv.经常;有规律地　4.in the distance在远处　5.in time及时 6.balance v.使平衡　7.scene n.场面,情景 【熟词生义】　1.still adj.平静的;静止的　2.speed v.快速前行 长难句 原句　In December 2004, I had just become a professional photographer and was working on a project about communities who live on the sea, known as sea nomads. 分析　本句是一个主从复合句。并列连词and连接了had just become和was working on两个谓语。who引导定语从句,修饰先行词communities。known as sea nomads是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰communities who live on the sea。 译文　在2004年12月,我刚刚成为一名专业摄影师,正在从事一个项目,这个项目是关于生活在海上的一群人的,他们被称为海上游牧民族。 C Standing on the ruins after the fire where his house had been, Peter Ruprecht admitted that he was not sure how or when to rebuild it. He was still shocked by what Australia's increasingly changeable climate had already delivered: first a drought, then a destructive bush fire, and then a foot of rain from a storm. “It's unstoppable,” said Mr. Ruprecht, a former dairy farmer. “We speak about the warmth of Mother Nature, but nature can also be vicious, wild and unforgiving.” Australia's hellish(极不愉快的) fire season has eased, but its people are facing more than a single disaster. With floods destroying homes not far from where fires recently spread, they are facing a cycle of what scientists call “compound extremes”: one climate disaster strengthens the next. Higher temperatures do more than just dry out the land. They also heat up the atmosphere, which means clouds hold more moisture(水汽) for longer periods of time. So droughts get worse, giving way to fires, then to heavy rain that the land is too dry to absorb. Many Australians in disaster zones complain that their government, after ignoring climate change for years, has not yet worked out recovery plans that are clear and take future risks into account. At the same time, the economic costs of a changing climate are rising quickly. Philip Lowe, governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia, warned recently that Australia was already paying a price, and that in effect it would only go up. 8.Why is Peter Ruprecht mentioned in Paragraph 1? A.To arouse readers' pity.　　　 B.To introduce the topic. C.To stress the problem.　　　 D.To call on readers to help. 9.Which word can replace the underlined word “vicious” in Paragraph 2? A.Empty.　　　 B.Kind.　　　 C.Responsible.　　　 D.Violent. 10.What is the main cause of “compound extremes” in Australia? A.The government's inaction.　　　 B.Higher temperatures. C.The lack of money.　　　 D.No recovery plans. 11.In which section of the newspaper can we read this passage? A.Food.　　　 B.Travel.　　　 C.Climate.　　　 D.Agriculture. ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚发生的一系列极端气候灾害,包括它们的成因、给人们带来的影响、经济成本等。 8.B　推理判断题。第一段提到Peter Ruprecht的房子被烧成废墟,反映出澳大利亚多变的气候给人们造成了巨大的损失并引发了一系列气候灾难:干旱、毁灭性的丛林大火和一英尺的雨。由此可以推知,提及Peter Ruprecht是为了引出话题:澳大利亚的气候灾难。故选B。 9.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的but可知,画线词所在分句与前面的分句之间是转折关系,根据but前面的“warmth”和画线词后面的“wild and unforgiving”可知,“vicious”应与“wild(狂暴的)”和“unforgiving(难应付的)”近义,与“warmth(温暖)”反义,故A.“空的”、B.“友好的”、C.“负责任的”均可排除,故选D项“暴力的”。 10.B　细节理解题。根据题干中的“compound extremes”定位到第三段,根据冒号后面的“one climate disaster strengthens the next”可知,“compound extremes”指的是一种气候灾害加剧另一种;第四段阐述了这个过程,即 因此是温度升高导致了“compound extremes”。故选B。 11.C　推理判断题。文章第一、二段引出话题:澳大利亚的气候灾难,接下来的段落描述了它们的危害、成因以及造成的经济成本等,所以本文话题与气候相关。故选C。 【高频词汇】　1.admit v.承认　2.changeable adj.可变的 3.former adj.昔日的　4.ease v.缓解　5.strengthen v.加强;增强　6.give way to被……代替;屈服,让步,让路 7.absorb v.吸收　8.ignore v.忽视　9.recovery n.恢复　10.take...into account把……考虑进去　11.go up增长;上升 【熟词生义】　foot n.英尺 【差距词汇】　1.destructive adj.破坏性的,毁灭性的 2.compound adj.复合的 长难句 原句　Many Australians in disaster zones complain that their government, after ignoring climate change for years, has not yet worked out recovery plans that are clear and take future risks into account. 分析　本句中complain后是that引导的宾语从句;after ignoring climate change for years是时间状语;that are clear and take future risks into account是that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词recovery plans,that在从句中作主语。 译文　许多生活在灾区的澳大利亚人抱怨说,他们的政府多年来一直忽视气候变化,现在还没有制订出明确的、考虑到未来风险的恢复计划。 D Efforts were underway in Bangladesh to deliver food and drinking water to millions of people struggling after a heavy rain led to flooding, which struck a quarter of the country. There are around 3.5 million Bangladeshis at risk of river flooding every year according to a 2015 report by the World Bank. On Wednesday, at least 17 of the country's 64 districts(地区), mostly in the northern and north⁃eastern Sylhet, were suffering from the natural disaster. Government officials said at least 36 people had been killed and about 4.5 million people had been stuck so far. The floods also caused damage to agriculture (农业), electricity, and clean water supply. Sylhet is among the worst affected, with several areas without electricity. “Many people are in great need of food and drinking water,” said Enam Ahmed, 45, living in the worst⁃hit Sunmaganj district. “There is water everywhere but no drinking water. Flood shelters are filled with people but they are not getting enough food,” he said. The situation in Bangladesh has been worsened by rainwater falling down from the surrounding hills of India's Meghalaya state, which received more than 970 mm (about 38 inches) of rain on Sunday, according to a government report. “The flood situation in the three Barak valley districts continues to be very serious. Army rescuers have evacuated thousands of trapped people to safe places. 14 rescue teams with more than 70 boats and over 400 men have been pressed into action in the heavily flooded districts,” said a local flood control official. About 5.5 million people have been displaced, about 3.7 million of whom are staying in government⁃run temporary(临时的) shelters on higher ground. Locals in the flood⁃affected areas said they had never seen such serious floods before. 12.What is the second paragraph mainly about? A.The role played by government officials.　　　 B.The people trapped in the disaster. C.The number of districts in the country.　　　 D.The damage caused by the floods. 13.What do we know about the flood shelters? A.There is a crying need for food.　　　 B.They can provide enough clean water. C.They are too old to hold people.　　　 D.There are few villagers staying inside. 14.What does the underlined word “displaced” in Paragraph 5 mean? A.Called on.　　　 B.Checked out.　　　 C.Moved away.　　　 D.Sent in. 15.What can we infer from the text? A.More rescue efforts are needed.　　　 B.The floods hit the whole country. C.The disaster is the biggest ever.　　　 D.Rivers nationwide are at risk. ◎语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了孟加拉国遭遇了目前为止最严重的洪水泛滥,以及目前的救助情况。 12.D　主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“at least 17 of the country's 64 districts...suffering from the natural disaster” “at least 36 people had been killed and about 4.5 million people had been stuck so far”“The floods also caused damage to agriculture, electricity, and clean water supply.”可知,这一段从受灾范围、受影响人数以及涉及的生产、生活中的不同方面(农业、电力等)详细介绍了洪水带来的破坏。故选D项。 13.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Many people are in great need of food and drinking water” “Flood shelters are filled with people but they are not getting enough food”可知,洪水避难所的人们急需食物。故选A项。 14.C　词义猜测题。画线词前面的“Army rescuers have evacuated thousands of trapped people...districts”为救援措施;画线词所在部分为主句,其后面的定语从句“about 3.7 million of whom are staying in government⁃run temporary shelters on higher ground(其中约370万人住在高地上政府运营的临时避难所)”为救援成果。由此可知,画线词所在部分意为“约550万人被转移”。故可推测动词displace意为“转移”,与词组move away“搬到别处去”意义相似。故选C项。 学科思维　有些词义猜测题,除结合上下文语境猜测外,还可以通过构词法解题。如本题所猜测的单词displace,由前缀dis⁃和词根place构成,dis⁃表示“分离;与……相反”,place与地方有关,选项中只有C项“Moved away.”能与画线词产生关联。 15.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段“受洪水影响地区的当地人表示,他们以前从未见过如此严重的洪水。”可推知,这次洪水灾害是目前最严重的。故选C项。 【高频词汇】　1.struggle v.斗争;努力 n.奋斗　2.at risk of有……的危险;冒……的风险　3.in need of需要　4.be filled with充满　5.worsen v.(使)变得更糟;恶化 6.surrounding adj.周围的 【差距词汇】　1.underway adj.进行中的　2.a crying need for sth.迫切需要某事物 长难句 原句　Efforts were underway in Bangladesh to deliver food and drinking water to millions of people struggling after a heavy rain led to flooding, which struck a quarter of the country. 分析　本句是一个主从复合句。Efforts是主句的主语,were underway是谓语,to deliver food and drinking water to millions of people是Efforts的后置定语。struggling...作people的后置定语。after引导时间状语从句。which引导非限制性定语从句。 译文　一场大雨导致的洪水泛滥袭击了孟加拉国四分之一的地区,该国正在努力向数百万处于水深火热中的人递送食物和饮用水。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Earthquakes can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips. If you're inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is try to leave a building. 　16　 Drop to the floor. Get under something that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your head. If you're in bed when the earthquake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow.  　17　 Don't take shelter under trees, street lights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses(高架桥), buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse. 　18　  If you're trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of cloth. Use your cellphone to call for help if possible. Don't shout. 　19　 Tap on the pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.  Be prepared for aftershocks. 　20　 However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe place after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.  A.Don't move around or kick up dust. B.If you're outside, go to an open space. C.Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust. D.Don't park your car under a tree or any tall objects. E.Take a good hold of your cellphone in the building. F.They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake. G.Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震发生时的一些应急的自我保护措施。 16.G　细节句。空前一句谈到地震发生时最危险的事情之一是试图从建筑物里逃出来,G项“大部分伤害是在建筑物里面的人试图出来时发生的。”与上文一样,都是在讲地震发生时从建筑物里往外逃是危险的。故选G。 17.B　主旨句。第二、四段的开头句都以“If you're...”句式介绍了地震发生时的一种状况,故推测第三段也以“If you're...”作为开头句,介绍地震发生时的一种状况;根据空后的“Don't take shelter under trees, street lights, electric poles or tall buildings.”可知这里说的是室外的情况,B项“要是你在室外,去一个开阔的空地。”符合语境,故选B。 18.D　细节句。上文介绍的是开车时发生地震要如何做(尽快停车,远离高架桥、建筑物、桥梁等),D项“不要把车停在树下或任何高大的物体下面。”承接上句,对细节进行补充,符合语境。 D项中的“park your car”与上文的“driving”相呼应。 19.C　细节句。空格前一句讲到不要大声喊叫,C项“大喊大叫会使你吸入灰尘。”为“大喊大叫”的后果,承接上句,符合语境。故选C。 20.F　过渡句。根据空前的“Be prepared for aftershocks.”可知,本段主要介绍做好应对余震的准备;空后的“However, sometimes they even happen months later.”介绍了余震发生的时间,且与设空处形成转折关系,所以F项“它们可能在地震后的头几个小时内发生。”与上下文联系紧密,符合语境。故选F。 【高频词汇】　1.injury n.伤害;损伤　2.prevent vt.预防;阻止　3.hold on to抓紧,不放开　4.rescuer n.营救者　5.be prepared for...为……做好准备 【差距词汇】　1.collapse v.(突然)倒塌;倒下;崩溃 2.aftershock n.余震 第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Hurricane Laura 　21　 the city of Lake Charles, an evacuation(疏散;撤离) was ordered. But for the 19 newborn babies, leaving was pretty much 　22　. Members at the hospital were 　23　 that they'd remain with them until the danger passed.   With the strong wind through the town, Dr. Juan Bossano with 14 nurses, and some other　24　 stayed behind in the NICU, 　25　 their little babies in turn. Later, for their safety, they sent the babies to their main campus across the 　26　 in under two hours. The whole hospital went all out to make sure the babies and everything necessary safely made the 　27　.   Unfortunately, during the night the air conditioning was 　28　 out and water was cut off in the hospital. Throughout the hurricane, Dr. Bossano kept anxious parents calm by frequent 　29　 on his Facebook page.   The storm over, the babies were sent to other NICUs where necessary services hadn't been 　30　 by the hurricane. “This morning, the babies were 　31　. Thank goodness, I finally got a couple of hours of 　32　,” said Bossano. It's important to know the devotion of all the nurses and doctors to keep taking care of the babies when they didn't even know the 　33　 of their homes. “In a small town like this, people have to 　34　. I'm proud of them,” Bossano 　35　.  21.A.arrived　　　 B.left C.hit　　　 D.beat 22.A.impossible　　　 B.necessary C.important　　　 D.suitable 23.A.frightened　　　 B.worried C.annoyed　　　 D.determined 24.A.soldiers　　　 B.parents C.doctors　　　 D.friends 25.A.looking for　　　 B.caring for C.asking for　　　 D.waiting for 26.A.city　　　 B.country C.school　　　 D.university 27.A.way　　　 B.trip C.day　　　 D.plan 28.A.knocked　　　 B.turned C.checked　　　 D.called 29.A.tips　　　 B.titles C.topics　　　 D.posts 30.A.applied　　　 B.trapped C.suffered　　　 D.affected 31.A.dangerous　　　 B.safe　　　 C.awake　　　 D.calm 32.A.sleep　　　 B.focus C.energy　　　 D.entertainment 33.A.content　　　 B.design C.condition　　　 D.impression 34.A.put together　　　B.come together C.pull together　　　 D.get together 35.A.admired　　　 B.added C.introduced　　　 D.advanced ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,文章叙述了飓风劳拉袭击莱克查尔斯市时,在民众都撤离的情况下,医院的医护人员照顾19个无法离开的新生儿的故事,体现了医护人员的奉献精神。 21.C　自然灾害“袭击;侵袭”某个地方时,常用动词hit。故选C。 22.A　根据本句中的But可知,该句和上一句构成转折关系。由此推知,人们撤离时,19个新生儿无法离开。故选A。 23.D　根据“they'd remain with them until the danger passed”可知,19个新生儿不可能离开,医院的工作人员决定要陪在这些孩子身边。故选D。 24.C　根据上一段中的“Members at the hospital were　23　 that they'd remain with them”可知,陪伴孩子的是医院里的工作人员。故选C。  25.B　根据常识,此处指医生和护士照顾新生儿们。最后一段中的“taking care of the babies”也是提示。故选B。 26.A　根据第一段中的“the city of Lake Charles”可知,Lake Charles是个城市。因此该处指他们在不到两小时的时间里穿过城市把孩子们送到了主院区。故选A。 27.B　将婴儿们送到主院区是一次“旅行”。故选B。 28.A　根据“Unfortunately”和“water was cut off”可以推知,空调被破坏了,不运转了。knock out意为“破坏”。故选A。 29.D　根据空后的“his Facebook page”可知,博萨诺医生在他的脸书页面上发帖安慰那些焦虑的父母。故选D。 30.D　根据常识,暴风雨停了,婴儿们被送到其他必要的服务没有受到飓风影响的新生儿加护病房。故选D。 31.B　此处指今天早上,婴儿们都安全了。根据后面的“Thank goodness”可知,婴儿们终于安全了。故选B。 32.A　此处指谢天谢地,“我”终于可以睡几个小时了。飓风过去了,婴儿们安然无恙,照看他们的医生终于可以睡几个小时了。故选A。 33.C　此处指了解所有护士和医生的奉献精神是很重要的,当甚至不知道自己家的情况时,他们一直在照顾这些婴儿。故选C。 34.C　此处指在这样的小镇上,人们必须团结一致。故选C。 35.B　此处是博萨诺补充的话。admire钦佩;add补充说;introduce介绍,引进;advance提出。故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Droughts Cause Problems for China This summer has brought serious heat and droughts to places around the world. The droughts are leading to serious problems, 　36　(include) food and energy shortages, transportation problems, and price increases. The effect of the droughts is likely to be felt for years.   China 　37　(face) with similar problems now, too. It has been troubled by a terrible drought this summer, with temperatures as high as 45℃. The drought has dried up much of the Yangtze River, China's 　38　 (long) river. That has cut the amount(数量) of power 　39　 is produced by the world's largest dam by 40%.   China hasn't been able to produce enough power, since millions of people are using electricity to keep cool. In Sichuan Province, the government is closing 　40　 (factory) down because there's not enough energy. The country is trying to make it rain by 　41　 (send) chemicals into clouds, which, however, is 　42　 uncertain and temporary(临时的) measure.   There are no easy ways for any of these droughts. 　43　 has taken years to create the climate problem, and getting it under control will take more time. For now, governments and people will need to 　44　 (careful) manage water supplies and other things 　45　 (stop) the damage.  ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了干旱给中国带来的各种问题。 36.including　考查介词。后面的food and energy shortages, transportation problems, and price increases是前面的problems的举例,故填including,意为“包括”。句意:干旱正在导致严重的问题,包括粮食和能源短缺、运输问题和价格上涨。 37.is faced　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:中国现在也面临着类似的问题。be faced with表示“面临,面对”,根据时间状语now可知,句子描述现在的情况,应用一般现在时,主语是China,be动词应用is。故填is faced。 38.longest　考查形容词最高级。结合常识可知,长江是中国最长的河流,所以设空处应用形容词的最高级形式作定语,修饰名词river。故填longest。句意:干旱使中国最长的河流——长江的很多部分干涸。 39.which/that　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,空后内容缺少主语,结合语境可知空后的主语就是空前的名词power,所以设空处引导定语从句,先行词power指物,故填which或that。句意:那使得世界上最大的水坝生产的电力减少了40%。 40.factories　考查名词复数。句意:在四川省,由于能源不足,政府正在关闭工厂。结合常识可知,政府关闭不止一家工厂,且设空处前无限定词,所以设空处应用名词的复数形式。故填factories。 41.sending　考查动名词。设空处位于介词by之后,应用动名词形式作宾语,故填sending。句意:中国正努力通过将化学物质送入云层来降雨,但这是一项不确定的临时措施。 42.an　考查冠词。此处表示人工降雨是一项不确定的临时措施,设空处应用不定冠词表示泛指,uncertain以元音音素开头,前面应用不定冠词an。 43.It　考查代词。本句为“It takes/took some time to do sth.”句型,表示“做某事花费多少时间”,所以设空处应用it,置于句首,首字母大写。故填It。 44.carefully　考查副词。设空处修饰动词manage,应用副词形式作状语,故填carefully,表示“小心地,谨慎地”。 45.to stop　考查不定式。句意:目前,政府和人民需要谨慎管理水供应和其他事情,以防止损害的发生。句中已有谓语,故设空处应用非谓语动词,结合语境可知这里表示目的,所以应用不定式作目的状语。故填to stop。 【高频词汇】　1.shortage n.缺乏,缺少　2.similar adj.相似的　3.dry up使干涸　4.millions of数百万的 5.chemical n.化学品 adj.化学的　6.under control被控制住 长难句 原句　The country is trying to make it rain by sending chemicals into clouds, which, however, is an uncertain and temporary measure. 分析　本句是一个主从复合句。by sending chemicals into clouds为方式状语。which引导非限制性定语从句。 译文　中国正试图通过将化学物质送入云层来降雨,但这是一项不确定的临时措施。 第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 昨天A市(A city)发生了严重洪灾,人、建筑物、汽车被大水冲走,损失惨重。请根据下面提供的信息,为某英语报社写一篇80词左右的新闻报道,报道的标题已给出。内容包括: 1.受灾情况:如人员伤亡(多达50人死亡,数百人受伤);很多建筑物损毁;供水、供电中断等; 2.救援情况:军队、医务人员等; 3.赈灾措施:运送生活物资;人们捐款等。 注意:结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 A Terrible Flood 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   　　With a large donation and joint efforts of all the people, it is believed that A city will revive itself and get back up on its feet soon. A Terrible Flood A terrible flood hit A city yesterday, causing great damage. The number of deaths stood at 50 and hundreds of people were injured. Numerous houses and roads were in ruins, leaving a great many citizens homeless. Food was hard to get and water and electricity supplies were cut off. Soon after the flood, rescue workers, including medical teams and troops, were quickly organized and sent to the disaster⁃hit area. Fresh water and food were transported to the area. People donated money voluntarily. Volunteers from around the country came to aid in the disaster relief work. With a large donation and joint efforts of all the people, it is believed that A city will revive itself and get back up on its feet soon.  第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Cats are a mysterious kind of animal—there is more passing in their minds than we know of. I can't agree more with this because of my recent experience. It was the Sunday before Labor Day, and I was tired after spending the day at a picnic in a relative's garden. I looked out of the window before climbing onto bed. Stars filled the night sky, and crickets(蟋蟀) gently sang in the darkness. All seemed right with the world. My big, old black⁃and⁃white cat, Oreo, lay at the foot of the bed where he slept every night, keeping my feet warm. I climbed onto bed and immediately fell into a deep sleep. I had just fallen asleep when Oreo woke me up by walking over my stomach. I looked at the bedside clock: 3:10 am. I had no idea why Oreo was troubling me. He'd never done that before unless I overslept in the morning, but that usually happened at 8:00 am, not in the middle of the night. I pushed Oreo off me, rolled over and pulled the blanket (毯子) over my head. But Oreo didn't stop. He stepped on my head and began to make noises loudly. “Oreo,” I said. “Go back to sleep.” But Oreo wouldn't stop. He kept walking on my stomach and legs, continuing to trouble me. Suddenly, there was a crash of thunder(雷), and I sat up on the bed and looked out of the window. Lightning filled the sky. Strong winds blew through the window. Rain started to come down hard, making it almost impossible to see the trees in the yard. Soon the wind was picking up and the branches of the trees were moving violently(强烈地). A terrible storm had started. Seeing the sight, I was struck with horror. Thinking that it was not safe to stay in the house, I climbed out of bed, put on my clothes, and held Oreo in my arms. 注意:续写词数应为150左右。 Paragraph 1: We headed for the basement(地下室).　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Paragraph 2: I discovered that my house had been damaged(损坏) by a fallen tree. 　 　　　 　　　　　　 　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Paragraph 1: We headed for the basement(地下室). Once there, I sat on the floor with Oreo on my lap as the wind blew and the thunder boomed. Then there was a great crash that shook the house. Hearing the noise, Oreo turned to me, with his eyes full of fear. I had no idea what it was about. In spite of this, I had a feeling that something terrible must have happened to my house. The storm continued for a few minutes and then passed as quickly as it had arrived. Oreo and I headed back upstairs. Paragraph 2: I discovered that my house had been damaged(损坏) by a fallen tree. The tree knocked a big hole in the roof right above my bed. If I had been on that bed, I could have been killed. I felt so relieved and happy that I couldn't hide my tears. Thank goodness that Oreo had sensed the coming storm and woken me up. That old cat saved my life! This was an episode in my life that I would never forget. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Natural Disasters【单元测试 · 提升卷】 全卷满分120分　考试用时100分钟 第一部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A little knowledge and a few precautionary measures(预防措施) can greatly increase your chances of surviving an earthquake. The key is education and preparation in advance. Or when it happens, it is too late that you take a booklet to learn then. The earthquake safety tips below will not make you an expert. However, they could make a life⁃saving difference if you find yourself in an earthquake situation. Before the Earthquake Teach all members of your family about earthquake safety.This includes the action you should take when an earthquake occurs, the safe places in a room such as under a strong desk, along interior walls, and places to avoid such as near windows, large mirrors, hanging objects, heavy furniture and fireplaces. During the Earthquake If you are indoors, stay there. Quickly move to a safe location in the room such as under a strong desk, under a strong table, or along an interior wall. If you are outdoors, move to an open area where falling objects are unlikely to strike you. Stay away from buildings,telegraph poles(电线杆) and trees. If you are driving, slow down smoothly and stop on the side of the road. Avoid stopping on or under bridges and overpasses(立交桥), or under power lines, trees and large signs. Stay in your car. After the Earthquake Check for damage. If your building is badly damaged, you should leave it quickly until it has been inspected by a safety professional. If you smell or hear a gas leak(煤气泄漏), get everyone outside and open windows and doors. If you can do it safely, turn off the gas. Report the leak to the gas company and fire department. Do not use any electrical appliances because a tiny spark could make the gas burn suddenly. 1.What is the key to surviving an earthquake? A.Learning some tips when an earthquake happens. B.Consulting the experienced survivors. C.Leaving where earthquakes often happen. D.Education and preparation in advance. 2.What do telegraph poles mean when an earthquake happens? A.Help. B.Energy. C.Safety. D.Danger. 3.What should you do when you find your house is badly damaged after the earthquake? A.Stay where you are. B.Phone 119. C.Leave the house quickly. D.Find your dear possessions. B In December 2004, I had just become a professional photographer and was working on a project about communities who live on the sea, known as sea nomads(海上游牧民族). I was living with members of the Chao⁃Ley tribe(部落) on a small island in southern Thailand. We didn't share a language and depended on body language to communicate. I went to sea with them regularly. One morning, I was due to set out with a group of six fishermen in a small boat. The sea looked different, with the water totally still. About 20 minutes after we left and a few miles out in the open sea, one of the fishermen pointed to a small white spot far in the distance. It was getting bigger and bigger very quickly. This was a tsunami wave speeding through the ocean. We were in shock. Usually, the deeper the water, the weaker the wave. But we weren't out far enough to be safe, nor close enough to shore to make it back in time. We were stuck. I began to feel really scared. The captain told the six of us where to sit, so we would balance the boat. My camera was in my backpack. I wanted to capture the scene, but I couldn't. Any movement would make the boat out of balance. Suddenly there was a huge noise. The wave hit the boat, but in a flash the skilled captain managed to swerve(突然转向) up and onto the wave. Then the boat moved from the tip of the wave down into safe waters. Our eyes and mouths were wide open, and everyone let out heavy sighs. The captain had saved us all. Surviving gave me a deep understanding of how important life can be. I've been going back to Southeast Asia almost every year since. The photography project has become a thank⁃you to the person who saved my life. The picture I wanted to take on the boat remains “the one that got away”—I think every photographer has one. But mine changed my life. 4.What happened before the author set out with the fishermen? A.The captain wanted to cancel the trip.　　　 B.He noticed something unusual. C.They saw a white spot in the distance.　　　 D.It looked as if it was about to rain. 5.When did the author start to feel frightened? A.When fishermen on the boat felt nervous.　　　 B.When he realized they were trapped. C.When the boat was about to be hit.　　　 D.When the boat shook violently. 6.What was the author doing when the tsunami wave hit the boat? A.Helping the captain swerve.　　　 B.Taking a photo of the wave. C.Trying not to move.　　　 D.Reaching for his backpack. 7.What did the author learn from his experience? A.We should have the courage to take risks.　　　 B.Opportunity never knocks twice. C.Life is too short to be wasted.　　　 D.Sometimes regrets in life can save us. C Standing on the ruins after the fire where his house had been, Peter Ruprecht admitted that he was not sure how or when to rebuild it. He was still shocked by what Australia's increasingly changeable climate had already delivered: first a drought, then a destructive bush fire, and then a foot of rain from a storm. “It's unstoppable,” said Mr. Ruprecht, a former dairy farmer. “We speak about the warmth of Mother Nature, but nature can also be vicious, wild and unforgiving.” Australia's hellish(极不愉快的) fire season has eased, but its people are facing more than a single disaster. With floods destroying homes not far from where fires recently spread, they are facing a cycle of what scientists call “compound extremes”: one climate disaster strengthens the next. Higher temperatures do more than just dry out the land. They also heat up the atmosphere, which means clouds hold more moisture(水汽) for longer periods of time. So droughts get worse, giving way to fires, then to heavy rain that the land is too dry to absorb. Many Australians in disaster zones complain that their government, after ignoring climate change for years, has not yet worked out recovery plans that are clear and take future risks into account. At the same time, the economic costs of a changing climate are rising quickly. Philip Lowe, governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia, warned recently that Australia was already paying a price, and that in effect it would only go up. 8.Why is Peter Ruprecht mentioned in Paragraph 1? A.To arouse readers' pity.　　　 B.To introduce the topic. C.To stress the problem.　　　 D.To call on readers to help. 9.Which word can replace the underlined word “vicious” in Paragraph 2? A.Empty.　　　 B.Kind.　　　 C.Responsible.　　　 D.Violent. 10.What is the main cause of “compound extremes” in Australia? A.The government's inaction.　　　 B.Higher temperatures. C.The lack of money.　　　 D.No recovery plans. 11.In which section of the newspaper can we read this passage? A.Food.　　　 B.Travel.　　　 C.Climate.　　　 D.Agriculture. D Efforts were underway in Bangladesh to deliver food and drinking water to millions of people struggling after a heavy rain led to flooding, which struck a quarter of the country. There are around 3.5 million Bangladeshis at risk of river flooding every year according to a 2015 report by the World Bank. On Wednesday, at least 17 of the country's 64 districts(地区), mostly in the northern and north⁃eastern Sylhet, were suffering from the natural disaster. Government officials said at least 36 people had been killed and about 4.5 million people had been stuck so far. The floods also caused damage to agriculture (农业), electricity, and clean water supply. Sylhet is among the worst affected, with several areas without electricity. “Many people are in great need of food and drinking water,” said Enam Ahmed, 45, living in the worst⁃hit Sunmaganj district. “There is water everywhere but no drinking water. Flood shelters are filled with people but they are not getting enough food,” he said. The situation in Bangladesh has been worsened by rainwater falling down from the surrounding hills of India's Meghalaya state, which received more than 970 mm (about 38 inches) of rain on Sunday, according to a government report. “The flood situation in the three Barak valley districts continues to be very serious. Army rescuers have evacuated thousands of trapped people to safe places. 14 rescue teams with more than 70 boats and over 400 men have been pressed into action in the heavily flooded districts,” said a local flood control official. About 5.5 million people have been displaced, about 3.7 million of whom are staying in government⁃run temporary(临时的) shelters on higher ground. Locals in the flood⁃affected areas said they had never seen such serious floods before. 12.What is the second paragraph mainly about? A.The role played by government officials.　　　 B.The people trapped in the disaster. C.The number of districts in the country.　　　 D.The damage caused by the floods. 13.What do we know about the flood shelters? A.There is a crying need for food.　　　 B.They can provide enough clean water. C.They are too old to hold people.　　　 D.There are few villagers staying inside. 14.What does the underlined word “displaced” in Paragraph 5 mean? A.Called on.　　　 B.Checked out.　　　 C.Moved away.　　　 D.Sent in. 15.What can we infer from the text? A.More rescue efforts are needed.　　　 B.The floods hit the whole country. C.The disaster is the biggest ever.　　　 D.Rivers nationwide are at risk. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Earthquakes can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips. If you're inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is try to leave a building. 　16　 Drop to the floor. Get under something that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your head. If you're in bed when the earthquake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow.  　17　 Don't take shelter under trees, street lights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses(高架桥), buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse. 　18　  If you're trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of cloth. Use your cellphone to call for help if possible. Don't shout. 　19　 Tap on the pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.  Be prepared for aftershocks. 　20　 However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe place after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.  A.Don't move around or kick up dust. B.If you're outside, go to an open space. C.Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust. D.Don't park your car under a tree or any tall objects. E.Take a good hold of your cellphone in the building. F.They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake. G.Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out. 第二部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Hurricane Laura 　21　 the city of Lake Charles, an evacuation(疏散;撤离) was ordered. But for the 19 newborn babies, leaving was pretty much 　22　. Members at the hospital were 　23　 that they'd remain with them until the danger passed.   With the strong wind through the town, Dr. Juan Bossano with 14 nurses, and some other　24　 stayed behind in the NICU, 　25　 their little babies in turn. Later, for their safety, they sent the babies to their main campus across the 　26　 in under two hours. The whole hospital went all out to make sure the babies and everything necessary safely made the 　27　.   Unfortunately, during the night the air conditioning was 　28　 out and water was cut off in the hospital. Throughout the hurricane, Dr. Bossano kept anxious parents calm by frequent 　29　 on his Facebook page.   The storm over, the babies were sent to other NICUs where necessary services hadn't been 　30　 by the hurricane. “This morning, the babies were 　31　. Thank goodness, I finally got a couple of hours of 　32　,” said Bossano. It's important to know the devotion of all the nurses and doctors to keep taking care of the babies when they didn't even know the 　33　 of their homes. “In a small town like this, people have to 　34　. I'm proud of them,” Bossano 　35　.  21.A.arrived　　　 B.left C.hit　　　 D.beat 22.A.impossible　　　 B.necessary C.important　　　 D.suitable 23.A.frightened　　　 B.worried C.annoyed　　　 D.determined 24.A.soldiers　　　 B.parents C.doctors　　　 D.friends 25.A.looking for　　　 B.caring for C.asking for　　　 D.waiting for 26.A.city　　　 B.country C.school　　　 D.university 27.A.way　　　 B.trip C.day　　　 D.plan 28.A.knocked　　　 B.turned C.checked　　　 D.called 29.A.tips　　　 B.titles C.topics　　　 D.posts 30.A.applied　　　 B.trapped C.suffered　　　 D.affected 31.A.dangerous　　　 B.safe　　　 C.awake　　　 D.calm 32.A.sleep　　　 B.focus C.energy　　　 D.entertainment 33.A.content　　　 B.design C.condition　　　 D.impression 34.A.put together　　　B.come together C.pull together　　　 D.get together 35.A.admired　　　 B.added C.introduced　　　 D.advanced 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Droughts Cause Problems for China This summer has brought serious heat and droughts to places around the world. The droughts are leading to serious problems, 　36　(include) food and energy shortages, transportation problems, and price increases. The effect of the droughts is likely to be felt for years.   China 　37　(face) with similar problems now, too. It has been troubled by a terrible drought this summer, with temperatures as high as 45℃. The drought has dried up much of the Yangtze River, China's 　38　 (long) river. That has cut the amount(数量) of power 　39　 is produced by the world's largest dam by 40%.   China hasn't been able to produce enough power, since millions of people are using electricity to keep cool. In Sichuan Province, the government is closing 　40　 (factory) down because there's not enough energy. The country is trying to make it rain by 　41　 (send) chemicals into clouds, which, however, is 　42　 uncertain and temporary(临时的) measure.   There are no easy ways for any of these droughts. 　43　 has taken years to create the climate problem, and getting it under control will take more time. For now, governments and people will need to 　44　 (careful) manage water supplies and other things 　45　 (stop) the damage.  第三部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 昨天A市(A city)发生了严重洪灾,人、建筑物、汽车被大水冲走,损失惨重。请根据下面提供的信息,为某英语报社写一篇80词左右的新闻报道,报道的标题已给出。内容包括: 1.受灾情况:如人员伤亡(多达50人死亡,数百人受伤);很多建筑物损毁;供水、供电中断等; 2.救援情况:军队、医务人员等; 3.赈灾措施:运送生活物资;人们捐款等。 注意:结尾已给出,不计入总词数。 A Terrible Flood 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   　　With a large donation and joint efforts of all the people, it is believed that A city will revive itself and get back up on its feet soon. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Cats are a mysterious kind of animal—there is more passing in their minds than we know of. I can't agree more with this because of my recent experience. It was the Sunday before Labor Day, and I was tired after spending the day at a picnic in a relative's garden. I looked out of the window before climbing onto bed. Stars filled the night sky, and crickets(蟋蟀) gently sang in the darkness. All seemed right with the world. My big, old black⁃and⁃white cat, Oreo, lay at the foot of the bed where he slept every night, keeping my feet warm. I climbed onto bed and immediately fell into a deep sleep. I had just fallen asleep when Oreo woke me up by walking over my stomach. I looked at the bedside clock: 3:10 am. I had no idea why Oreo was troubling me. He'd never done that before unless I overslept in the morning, but that usually happened at 8:00 am, not in the middle of the night. I pushed Oreo off me, rolled over and pulled the blanket (毯子) over my head. But Oreo didn't stop. He stepped on my head and began to make noises loudly. “Oreo,” I said. “Go back to sleep.” But Oreo wouldn't stop. He kept walking on my stomach and legs, continuing to trouble me. Suddenly, there was a crash of thunder(雷), and I sat up on the bed and looked out of the window. Lightning filled the sky. Strong winds blew through the window. Rain started to come down hard, making it almost impossible to see the trees in the yard. Soon the wind was picking up and the branches of the trees were moving violently(强烈地). A terrible storm had started. Seeing the sight, I was struck with horror. Thinking that it was not safe to stay in the house, I climbed out of bed, put on my clothes, and held Oreo in my arms. 注意:续写词数应为150左右。 Paragraph 1: We headed for the basement(地下室).　　　　　　　　　　　　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Paragraph 2: I discovered that my house had been damaged(损坏) by a fallen tree. 　 　　　 　　　　　　 　  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$