Unit 1 The mass media Reading 课件-2024-2025学年译林版(2020)高中英语选择性必修第二册

牛津译林版高中英语选择性必修一课件 Unit 1 The mass media Reading Page 2-5 Be a critical news reader! 制作者：桂东一中　李宇平 内容分析 【What】本板块话题为“做一名有判断力的新闻读者”，由两篇新闻报道和一篇论说文组成。两则新闻是对亨德森大楼火灾的报道：第一篇强调了消防员面对火情反应迅速，很快赶到现场并扑灭大火；第二篇侧重用数据体现火灾之严重并给出火灾原因的初步调查结果。论说文以两篇报道为例，分析了基于同一事件的不同报道之间产生信息差异甚至互相矛盾的种种原因，并就如何批判性阅读新闻报道给出了切实可行的建议。 【Why】本板块先给出两篇新闻报道，然后对其进行分析和讨论，以此完成对“批判性阅读新闻”这一主题的探讨，旨在帮助我们清晰而深入地理解成为一名有判断力的新闻读者的目的和意义，并学会在实际生活中进行实践。如文中所说，对待新闻信息需运用自己的判断力，而非盲目相信。本板块的学习能够培养我们的思维品质，让我们在充斥着各种媒体信息的现代社会中学会批判性思考。 【How】本板块的三个文本互相关联，有机结合，整体服务于板块话题。两篇新闻报道结构清晰、内容翔实、语言简练，具有鲜明的新闻体裁特征。虽然讲述的是同一事件，但标题、日期、配图等细节均体现了差异，为后面的论说分析作铺垫。报道中的用词以及呈现事实性信息的方式则有助于我们掌握新闻报道的撰写技巧，为后面板块的活动作准备。论说文首先通过提问的方式引发我们思考新闻信息差异的原因，并在例证过程中指导我们如何批判性地阅读新闻报道。文章分析层层深入，观点明确，引证可信，不仅对我们培养批判性阅读能力有着积极的指导意义，还能让我们熟悉论说文的文体特征。 ◆ 教学目标 By the end of this section, we will be able to: 1. identify the key information in the two news reports and the differences between them; 2. understand the reasons for the differences between news reports and the ways to be a critical news reader; 3. grasp the language features and writing techniques of a news report; 4. know about how to become a good journalist. Most of us learn about news through the mass media, but can we just believe news as it is presented? The two news reports and the article below encourage you to be a critical news reader. Before you read the news reports and the article, think about the following questions: 1)Do you believe everything you read in a news report? Why or why not? present /prɪˈzent/v.（口头或书面）表达，表示;描述;陈述 Sometimes I do, but it depends. If the news is reported by a news agency that I know is trustworthy, then I will usually believe the report. However, if the news is from a source that I am not familiar with, I will often check other sources to compare the information in the reports. Moreover, if a headline seems to be too exaggerated to be true, then I will also check other news reports to confirm whether it is a true story or not. It (all) depends./That it depends.那得看情况 news agency= press agency通讯社 服务/代理/经销机构 ex·ag·ger·ated /ɪɡˈzædʒəreɪtɪd/ 夸张的；夸大的；言过其实的;故作姿态的；矫揉造作的 inflated 2)What do you think makes a critical news reader? I think a critical news reader would always bear in mind that a news report can be genuine or fake. Taking note of which news agency published the news report would help a news reader decide whether it contains reliable information. bear/keep sb/sth in mind 或 bear/keep in mind that... 将…记在心中；记起；考虑 genu·ine  /ˈdʒenjuɪn/ adj.真诚的；诚实的；可信赖的； fake  /feɪk/ 假的；冒充的；伪造的 take note (of sth)注意到；将…铭记在心 A critical news reader is also aware that different news reports may have different focuses, so he or she would search for various reports on the same event to form a complete picture of what happened. More importantly, a critical reader would not be easily influenced by what is reported in the news; instead, he or she would form his or her own judgement. picture (头脑中的) 影像；头脑中的情景；记忆；印象 10 July Firefighters put out tower block fire Firefighters 1._______(quick) put 2.____ the Henderson Tower fire last night. △3.____ fire, 4.______ is thought 5.______________(start) from the 6.___________(eight) floor, 7._______(spread) quickly through the tower block 8.___ Sunday night, 9._______(leave) people on the upper floors 10.________(trap) . quickly out The which to have started 8th/eighth spread on leaving trapped Henderson Tower亨德森楼（虚构大楼名） tower block  ( BrE ) 高层建筑；公寓大楼；办公大楼 leave使保留，让…处于（某种状态、某地等） △ Fears grew 1.____ the number of 2.______(death) could reach 5, according to figures 3.________(release) by emergency services . Fire engine s and ambulances,4.______(call) at 9:30 p.m., 5._______(reach) the scene within 15 minutes. By this time, the fire 6.____________(extend) to the 15th floor. Firefighters got the situation 7.______ control around 11 p.m. △ There is concern 8.____ the construction company that built 9.____ tower block had not followed fire 10.______(safe) rules. that deaths released called reached had extended under that the safety emergency services[ pl.] ( BrE ) 应急服务机构 fire engine=fire truck 消防车；救火车 bring/get/keep sth under control控制得住，抑制得住（不造成损害） 11 July Local news A2 Deadly fire in tower block causes serious damage △ 1. __ terrible fire broke 2.____ on Sunday night, 3._______ (leave) the Henderson Tower seriously 4._________(damage). Emergency services estimate that the number of deaths could reach 9. By this morning, 4 people have been confirmed 5._____(die). The fire has also left 6._______(dozen) of people 7._______(injure), 5 of 8.______ are 9.___a critical condition. out leaving damaged A dead dozens injured whom in Lisa Mayer, 29, is 1._______ the lucky ones 2._____ only suffered minor 3._______(injury) . She recalled, △“I was about to have a bath 4.______ I heard people 5.__________(scream) and dogs barking. I looked outside and the smoke was choking me. It was like 6.____ awful dream.” Lisa Mayer /ˌliːsə ˈmeɪə(r)/ 莉萨·迈耶（女子名） among who injuries when screaming an Mr Peterson, head of the fire service, confirms that a 1.________(drop) cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and 2.____ the automatic fire alarms did not go 3.____ quickly enough 4.__________(prevent) the disaster. A team is 5.________(current) investigating the accident 6._______(far). dropped that off to prevent currently further Peterson /ˈpiːtəsən/ 彼得森（姓）the fire service消防署; 消防部门 cigarette end=cigarette butt 香烟头；烟蒂 the 8th floor 9楼 ground floor底层，底楼，一楼 start使开始发生; 开始发生;（使）发生，开始进行 fire alarm火警钟；火警报警器 go off（警报器等）突然发出巨响 Reading news reports critically We rely 1.________ news 2.________(learn) about 3._____ is happening in the world around us.4.________, we usually find that reports 5.___ the same events contain different 6.___ even 7.____________(contradict) information. How do these differences come 8._______? on/upon to learn what However on or contradictory about rely on/upon sb./sth.依赖；依靠;信任；信赖 report (on/of sth) 报道 come about (that...):to happen发生 Can you tell me how the accident came about? 你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？ △It is 1._________(advise) to remember that 2.____________ (journal) may have different 3._________(priority),4.______ would influence 5._____ they report an event. Let’s take the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire 6.____ an example. We can see that the first news report pays 7._____(much) attention to the rescue efforts, 8._____ second talks more about deaths and injuries. When we read more than one report, we come to understand an event in 9.___ more comprehensive way. ad·vis·able (to do sth)/ədˈvaɪzəbl/ 明智；可取 advisable journalists priorities which how as more while a Even if news reports 1.__________(write) from 2.________(basic) the same perspective, they may contradict each other 3.___ terms of 4._______(fact) details, 5.___ events in the real world are usually 6.___________ (complicate) and constantly 7.________(change) . 8.____ instance, 9.____ numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire. ba·sic·ally  /ˈbeɪsɪkli/ 大体上；基本上;总的说来；从根本上说 in terms of/ in... terms 谈及；就…而言；在…方面 are written basically in factual as complicated changing For the △When we come 1.______ such factual differences, we should not rush to the 2.__________(conclude) 3._____ one of the news reports 4._____(give) false information. 5._______ , check 6.______ the reports were written. News reports 7._______(write) at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts 8.___________(bring) to light. across conclusion that gives Instead when written are brought rush/jump/leap to the conclusion that...匆忙下结论；贸然断定 stage  /steɪdʒ/（发展或进展的）时期，阶段，状态 △Another aspect worthy 1.___ mention is 2.____ journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews 3.__________(differ). 4.________(suppose) emergency services’ 5._________(estimate) of the number of deaths vary 6.________ 5 and 9. Journalists may choose 7._________(present) the minimum, the maximum or something in between in their news reports. Therefore, 8. ________(check) different sources 9._______(enable) us to draw a more 10.________(inform) conclusion. of that differently Suppose estimates between to present checking enables informed informed/ɪnˈfɔːmd/有根据的 (消息来源);见多识广的; 了解情况的;明智的 (猜测或决定) in between （空间或时间上）介于…之间 To sum up, it is wise 1._______(read) news reports 2._______ (write) from various perspectives and at different stages, 3.______ brings us a 4._______________(accurate) understanding of a situation. We also need to be 5._______(critic) about the information we receive and remember not to 6._______(blind) trust 7._____ we have read.Though journalists are committed to 8.__________(present) the truth, it is 9.______(good) to use our own 10.____________(judge) than rely 11._______(entire) on news reports. With great discrimination, every one of us has the potential 12._____(be) a critical news reader. to read written which more accurate critical blindly what presenting better judgement entirely to be A. Understanding the text Page 4 A1. Read the two news reports and the article and complete the tables . Probably 5 dead (2) Fire engines and ambulances arrived within 15 minutes after being called; firefighters got the situation under control around 11 p.m. (3) A dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor Journalists may have different priorities. Journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently. Be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read. A2. Read the two news reports and the article again carefully and answer the following questions. Page 4 1)How long did it take the firefighters to get the situation under control according to the first news report? 2) How did Lisa feel about the fire according to the second news report? About an hour and fifteen minutes. She felt it was like an awful dream. 3) What should we not do when we come across factual differences in different news reports? 4) What may different journalists do when an estimate of a number is given? We should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information. They may choose to present the minimum, the maximum or something in between in their news reports. A3. In pairs, discuss the following questions. Page 4 1) Three texts are presented to encourage the reader to read news critically. Why is the information organized this way? If you were to write on the same topic, what information would you choose to present and how would you organize the information? The information is organized in a logical way so that readers understand the author’s intention easily. First, readers are presented with the two news reports, so they can compare the differences between the two perspectives. Then the third text provides information and explanations regarding these differences, so that readers have a clear idea why they should be critical when reading news reports and how to be critical news readers. lo·gic·al  /ˈlɒdʒɪkl/ adj.( 行动、事件等 ) 必然的；合乎情理的；合乎常理的;符合逻辑的；按照逻辑的 re·gard·ing  /rɪˈɡɑːdɪŋ/prep. 关于；至于 If I were to write an article on the topic of reading news reports critically, I would first write a short passage about why it is important to read news reports critically and then ask students to read two different news reports about the same story. After the news reports, I would present another short passage on how to become a critical news reader. Organizing the information in this way will get students to think about the “why” as they are reading the news reports. Then after reading the “how” passage, they can reflect on whether their reading was critical or not. Students can then re-read the news reports to apply both the “why” and the “how” knowledge they now have in order to practise reading critically. 2) A British writer and journalist once said, “A community needs news, for the same reason that a man needs eyes. It has to see where it is going.” How do you understand it? In my opinion, a man needs eyes to collect sufficient information from around himself for his judgement and movement. In the same way, a community also needs news as the best source to provide proper information for judgement about its development. So, it is clear that news is critical for a community. suf·fi·cient/səˈfɪʃnt/ 足够的；充足的 反义词：insufficient 3) What else can we do to be critical news readers? We can do more research on the news source. For example, we can find out more about the news agency, and the stand it takes. We could read or watch other materials from the source so we can get a further impression of the perspective their news usually takes and how trustworthy it seems. news agency=press agency通讯社 stand (on sth) /stænd/ n. 态度；立场；观点 trust·worthy  /ˈtrʌstwɜːði/ 值得信任的；可信赖的；可靠的,=reliable B. Building your language Page 5 B1. The blog post below is about how to be a good journalist. Complete the blog post with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below. accurate investigate be committed to sum up minor priority dozens of come about So, you are interested in becoming a good journalist but don’t know where to start? Well, there are a couple of things you should put on your list of (1) _________. a couple of :a few priorities Firstly, you need to be skilled at writing. The information involved in a complex story may come from (2) _________ sources. Good journalists need to organize all this information clearly to give a(n) (3) _________ account of what is happening. Secondly, you must have a natural curiosity about things that are happening, even though they may appear to be (4) _______ matters. dozens of accurate minor skilled in/at (doing) sth 有技能的；熟练的 in·volved (in sth) /ɪnˈvɒlvd/ 参与；作为一部分；有关联;涉及的;专心于…的 When something newsworthy (5) ____________, it may escape the attention of ordinary people; however, good journalists are sensitive enough to notice the event and draw public attention to it. Finally, good journalists (6) ________________ revealing the truth. According to Noam Chomsky, “The duty of journalists is to tell the truth. /ˌnəʊəm ˈtʃɒmski/ comes about are committed to news·worthy /ˈnjuːzwɜːði/ 有新闻价值的；值得报道的 escape被忘掉；被忽视；未被注意 Her name escapes me.我记不起她的名字了。 Journalism means you go back to the actual facts, you look at the documents, you discover what the record is, and you report it that way.” To do this, journalists need to (7) ___________ an event thoroughly. To (8) _________, being a good journalist requires writing skills, curiosity and commitment to finding the truth. Good luck! investigate sum up go back to sth.(停止一段时间后) 回到 (某任务、活动等);回到 (讲座、讨论、书等的某一点) commitment (to sb/sth)/kəˈmɪtmənt/（对工作或某活动）献身，奉献，投入 B2. The news reports and the article use the same words as different parts of speech. Find more words used this way in the news reports and the article, and make sentences using each of them. Emergency services estimate that the number of deaths could reach 9. Suppose emergency services’ estimates of the number of deaths vary between 5 and 9. vary (with sth)/(from sth to sth)/(between A and B)（根据情况）变化，变更，改变 Class numbers vary between 25 and 30.班级的数目从25到30不等。 Words used as different parts of speech: Deadly fire in tower block causes serious damage. A terrible fire broke out on Sunday night, leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged. Reading news reports critically It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different priorities, which would influence how they report an event. I estimated (that) the project would take six months to complete. However, my estimate was incorrect; it took one year. The damage caused by the hurricane was extensive. The residents watched helplessly as the strong winds and big floods damaged their hometown. The weather report predicted that this weekend would be sunny. The weatherman was reporting from the local beach. ex·ten·sive  /ɪkˈstensɪv/巨大的; 广阔的；广大的；大量的;广泛的；广博的 B3. The two news reports present information in a factual and formal way. Find the expressions in the two news reports that help present information this way and revise the short paragraph below in a similar way. Page 5 Learn this: To present information in a factual and formal way, you can use the following expressions: according to, be thought to do/have done, there is concern that …, be confirmed …, be reported to do/have done, etc. Expressions presenting information in a factual and formal way: 1)The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, ... Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services. There is concern that the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules. Emergency services estimate that the number of deaths could reach 9. By this morning, 4 people have been confirmed dead. Mr Peterson, head of the fire service, confirms that a dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and that and that the automatic fire alarms did not go off quickly enough to prevent the disaster. The traffic accident on Sunday morning killed five people. It was probably caused by a car driver speaking on his mobile phone. More and more people worry that speaking on the mobile phone when driving has been a big killer in recent years. A total of five people have been confirmed dead in the traffic accident on Sunday morning, which was thought to have been caused by a car driver speaking on his mobile phone. There is growing concern that speaking on the mobile phone when driving has been a big killer in recent years. kill·er /ˈkɪlə(r)/ 杀人者；杀手；导致死亡的人（或动物、事物） $$