专题02 Units 1~4核心知识归纳(考点串讲)-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲(牛津上海版)

2024-09-30
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核心知识归纳(Units 1-4) 1 【例句】 E.g. A cupboard sits in a of the room. 房间的一角立着一只橱柜。 【答案】corner in the corner, on the corner 与at the corner的区别 in the corner 多用于指在直角的内角上 The flowers are in the corner of the room.那些花在房间的角落里 on the corner 多用于指在直角的顶点上 The box is on the corner of the desk. 盒子放在桌角上 at the corner 表示在拐角的周围, 范围要大一些 Be careful when you are at the corner of the street. 在街道拐角的地方要小心 考点1. corner n. 角落 2 【例句】 E.g 1) Mary ________ a nice cat. 玛丽拥有一只可爱的猫咪。 1)Everyone has his ________ ________. 每个人都有自己的爱好。 2)He is his ________ man and she is her ________ woman. 每个人都是自己的主人。 【答案】1) owns 2) own hobbies 3) own, own 考点2.own v. 拥有 3 【拓展】 on one's own 独自地 = by oneself n + of one's own 属于某人自己的 = one's own + n 【辨析】 【比较】 own和have的区别 own做动词时,意为“占有,拥有”, 与have意思相近, 但own更强调物品的归属为某人。 考点3.keen adj.喜爱的,有兴趣的,锋利的,激烈的 【例句】 E.g. 1) I ________ ________ ________ Jay Chou's songs. 我很喜欢周杰伦的歌。 4 2)The knife has a ________ edge. 这把刀刀口锋利。 3)That is a ________ football match. 那是一场激烈的足球赛。 【答案】1) am keen on 2) keen 3) keen 考点4. ambition n. 志向 【例句】 E.g. 1) He is always full of _. 他总是雄心勃勃。 2)One of his _ is to become the president of the company. 他的抱负之一是成为该公司的总裁。 【答案】1) ambition 2) ambitions 5 考点5.height n. 高度 E.g. 1) The tree grew to a _ of 20 feet. 那棵树长到20英尺高。 2)He is two metres _ . 他身高两米。 【答案】1) height 2) in height 6 考点6. dream n./v 梦,做梦 【例句】 E.g. 1) He realized the of his life time. 他实现了毕生的愿望。 1)I about my hometown. 我梦见了家乡。 3) He of becoming a film star when he was young. 他年轻的时候梦想成为电影 明星。 【答案】1) dream 2) dreamt/ dreamed 3) dreamt/dreamed 7 考点7.probably—adv. 很可能,大概 【例句】 Well, you're probably right. --Can he hear us? 他听得见我们说话吗? --Probably not. 大概听不见。 【辨析】 8 maybe, perhaps, possibly与probably (1)maybe意为“可能,也许”, 比其余的几个词更为随意和不正式,表示的可能性不大,也要以表 示一种非常委婉、礼貌的建议或要求,通常放于句首或句尾 He didn't feel quite right., maybe he got sunstroke.他觉得不太舒服,也许是中暑了 You could put it over there, maybe. 也许你可能把它搁在那边。 (2)perhaps 作“可能”解, 是较为常用、也较为正式的词, 表示的可能性也不十分大, 它可以表 示建议或要求, 也可能表示以礼貌的方式下达命令。通常放于句首。 Perhaps he will kindly give us a hand when we are in trouble. 当我们遇到麻烦时, 也许他会 友好地帮我们一把。 (3)possibly 意为“可能,大概”,表示的可能性较大,口语中,也常表示委婉的请求,如: This is possibly his best performance. 这可能是他最好的表现了。 probably 意为“很可能,大概”, 表示的可能性最大, 是一种近乎肯定的意思。 There is probably some kind of living matter on some other planets, but we do not know yet.很 可能在其他星球上存在着某种生物,但是我们尚不清楚。 9 考点8. …and I_would_like_to_ be your pen-friend. 并且,我想成为你的笔友。 【拓展】 Would like to 表示“想要、愿意”,有want to 之意 【例句】 --Would you like to go swimming with me? --Yes, I'd like to. 10 【拓展】 英国的中学(Secondary School)学制为5年,即从中一到中五,中四、中五的时候要 参加各门学科的会考(GCSE),并最后参加大学的升学式。中学的每个年级称为 Form, 故Form One 表示中学一年级。 英国的中学教育 Secondary school Take GCSE(英国中学毕业考试) Form 5 16 Start studying subjects for GCSEs Form 4 15 3 standard assessment test Form 3 14 Form 2 13 Form 1 11/12 考点9. I'm in Form One at Walker School . 我在沃克学校读中学一年级 11 考点1.Wendy Wang, 15, ______ be one of the top students in Shanghai. 十五岁 的王温迪肯定是上海的尖子生之一。 must 【拓展】 ★must除了表示“义务”或“责任”外,还常常用来表示说话者对于十分有把握的 事情的“推测”。如: He must be waiting for you inside the bank because he's not outside. 他一定是在银行里头等你,因为他不在外面。 ★如果说话者确定某事情不可能发生,则使用can't。如: This coat can't be mine.It's the wrong size.这件衣服不可能是我的。尺寸不对。 ★在本句中,top是“excellent(极好的)”或“best(最好的)”的意思。如: She is the top historian in her department.她是系里最杰出的历史学家。 考点2. A day in the life of… 【拓展】 本例中life一词作“生活”解。life的用法颇多,简述如下: a. 作“生命”解时,是不可数名词:Animals and plants have life. b. 作“人命,性命”解时,是可数名词,复数为lives:A doctor saves people's lives. c. 作“一生,终生”解时,是可数名词:Albert Einstein gave his whole life to the study of science d. 作“生活,生活方式”解时,是可数名词:He lives a happy life in the countryside. 13 考点3. My father is the _________ of the _________,and my mother__________ __________________. 我爸爸是公司的经理,而我妈妈负责销售。 【拓展】 ★manager是动词manage(办理,处理;管理;经营)的名词形式,意为“经理; 管理者”。 名词company也是“公司”的意思,与business作可数名词时意思接近。如: He is working in a shipping company.他在一家运输公司工作。 manager company is responsible for sales 14 ★responsible是形容词,意为“有责任的,负责任的”。如: Simon is a responsible boy.西蒙是个担得起责任的孩子。 responsible的反义词为irresponsible,意为“不负责任的,不可靠的”。 be responsible for意为“对……负责(have the duty on)”,要特别注意该词组中 的介词搭配。如: Who was responsible for the accident? 这宗意外应归咎于谁呢? ★sale是动词sell(卖,出售)的名词形式。如: Not for Sale!非卖品! That house is on sale.那座房子待售。 sales常常用作表示“市场销售”,本文中的sales就为这个意思。 15 sale还有“大减价”的意思,如: The shoe shop is having a sale this week.这家鞋店本周减价销售。 考点4.I always go to school in my _____ car。我总是坐自己的车去上学。 【拓展】 在Chapter 1中,我们学习了own作动词,表示“拥有”的用法,也谈到了一些 own作形容词,表示“自己的”的用法。在使用own作形容词时,要特别注意own不 可用于an 或the之后。不能说I would like an own car,要说I would like my own car或I would like a car of my own. own 16 常用的与own有关的短语有: of one's own拥有(belonging completely to oneself) I've got a room of my own. 我有属于自己的房间。 on one's own独立地;无人相助(without help) She got the job on her own. 她 自己找到了这份工作。 on one's own独自(alone) She lives on her own.她独自居住。 see…with one's own eyes亲眼所见 I saw this accident with my own eyes yesterday.我昨天亲眼见到了那起事故。 17 (1) 麻烦 e.g. Tom never makes any trouble at school. 汤姆在学校从不惹麻烦。 (2)困难;困境 e.g. We got in trouble when the car broke down in a storm.车子在暴风雨中 坏了,我们陷入了困境。 考点1. trouble n 18 【例题】What happened next, Jim? 后来怎么啦,吉姆? 考点2. happen        v.出现,发生    【常用搭配】 (1) happen to sb./sth.成为某人(事)的体验或命运;降临到某人(事)的头上 e.g. What's happened to my feet? They hurt badly!我的脚怎么了?很疼呀! (2) happen to be/do恰巧,碰巧 e.g. Mary happened to be there when I went into the kitchen. =It happened that Mary was there when l went into the kitchen. 当我进厨房的时候,恰巧玛莉在那。 19 【点睛提示】 【指点迷津:happen, take place】 happen和take place都表示“发生”,二者都不能用于被动语态,happen强调偶然 性,而take place则强调必然性或计划性。 e.g. The traffic accident happened on a foggy afternoon,这起交通事故发生 在一个多雾的下午。 Great changes have taken place in my hometown.我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 20 【例句】A thief stole my mobile phone this February. 今年2月,我的手机被小偷 给偷了。 考点3. steal    v. 偷,窃取 【拓展】 【指点迷津:rob, steal】 rob一般有暴力抢夺的含义,而steal却是偷偷摸摸盗取的意思。它们的搭配分 别为steal sth. from sb.和rob sb. of sth. 21 (l)穿过,通过 e.g. They drove through the tunnel. 他们开车穿过了隧道。 (2)从开始到结束,自始至终 e.g. They travelled through the night. 他们走了一整夜。 (3)因为 e.g. She got the job through her father,她是通过她父亲而得到这份工作的。 (4)接通电话 e.g. Can you put me through to Jill Knight,please? 劳驾,请吉尔·奈特接电话。 考点4. through  prep. 22 【拓展】 【指点迷津:across, through, over, by】 across through over by 从一边到另一边 一边进入,一边穿出 从一边到另一边,须跨越 从边上经过 e.g. The duck swam across the river. 鸭子游到了河对岸。 A bird flew into the room through the window. 一只小鸟穿过了窗户飞进了 屋子。 I jumped over the wall into the garden. 我翻墙进入花园。 She didn't notice me when she passed by. 她经过我身边的时候没注意到我。 23 n. 警告,通知 【例句】Do you notice what he is wearing? 你注意到他穿什么了吗? The notice on the door said that the library was closed。门上的通知说图书 馆关门了。 考点5.notice  v. 注意到 24 【拓展】 notice sb. do sth 注意某人干好某事/notice sb. doing sth.注意某人正在干某事 e.g. I noticed him walk into the room.我注意到他进了房间。 =I noticed that he came into the room, I noticed him eating impolitely. 我注意到他正不礼貌地吃着。 =I noticed that he was eating impolitely. 25 【拓展】 (1) v. 跟随 e.g. Follow me and I'll show you the way. 跟着我,我给你指路。 You go first and I'll follow (you)later.您先请,我跟着您! (2) v. 领会;理解 e.g. I'm afraid I don't follow you.对不起你讲的我没听懂。 The maths problem was a little difficult to follow.这道数学题有点难懂。 考点6. follow 26 【知识拓展】 (1) follower n. 迫随者;崇拜者 e.g. St. Peter was one of Christ's first followers.圣·彼得是基督最早的门徒之一。 (2) following adj. next随后的 e.g. My friend Will called me the following day.我的朋友威尔第二天给我打 了电话。 27 【例句】 What time did the theft take place? 这起偷窃案发生在什么时候? 考点7.theft    n. 偷,盗窃罪 【拓展】 rob vt. “抢劫,盗窃”, rob sb. of sth. 抢某人某物。 e.g. He robbed me of my watch. 他抢走了我的手表。 robber. n. 抢劫者 e.g. He was a robber two years ago. 两年前他是一个抢劫犯。 28 1....because it made it easier to write big numbers and to calculate.……因为它(0)使得大数字的书写和计算更加容易。     (1) because conj.因为     e.g. I was angry because he was late. 因为他迟到了,所以我生气。 【指点迷津】because, since, as, for     都是表示“原因”的连词。以上连词的语气由强至弱依次为because   since   as   for; 其中because,since,as为从属连词,引导原因状语从句; for为并列连词,连接两个并列句。     ①Because“因为",表示直接原因,回答why的提问,一般放在主句之后,可单独存在。       e.g. -Why don't you buy it? 为什么你不买它?         -Because I don't have enough money with me.因为我没有带足够的钱。         We stayed at home because it rained.下雨了,所以我们待在家里。 29  ②since “因为,既然”,侧重主句,从句表示显然的或已知的理由。       e.g. Since everyone is here,let's begin. 既然大家都到齐了,我们开始吧。     ③as“由于,鉴于”,主从句并重,从句说明原因,主句说明结果,为常用词。       e.g. As it was late,I must hurry up.由于晚了,我得快点。     ④for“因为,由于”,表明附加或推断的理由,其前常有逗号,for及其后的句子不放在句首。       e.g. He must be ill,for he isn't here today.他一定是病了,因为今天他没来。  【友情提示】“因为……所以”的英汉不同习惯: because和so 与although和but用法相同,都不可连在一起使用,只能用其中一个,这一点和汉语不同,使用时一定要注意两种语言的不同习惯。     因为他病了,所以他没来上学。     [误]Because he was ill, so he didn't come to school.     [正]Because he was ill, he didn't come to school.     [正]He was ill, so he didn't come to school.     (2) make  it+adj. + to do sth.使得做某事变得…… e.g. The electronic dictionary makes it quicker to look up a new word.    电子词典使我们查阅生词更迅速。 30 2.Abacuses are so fast and accurate that people still use them today.算盘(计算起来)是如此的快速和精确,因此人们至今还在使用它们。     so…that…“如此……以至于”,引导结果状语从句,so后接形容词或副词,that后面接从句。     e.g. The box is so heavy that I can't carry it.这个箱子如此的重以至于我抬不动它。         He runs so fast that his classmates can't catch up with him.         他跑得如此快以至于他的同学都赶不上他。 【友情提示】当that后面的从句为否定句时,可以用too…to改写为简单句,当that后面的从句为肯定甸时,可以用enough to改写为简单句。     e.g.  He is so young that he can't go to school.     =He is too young to go to school.他太小了,还不能去上学。     He is so tall that he can reach the apples on the tree.     =He is tall enough to reach the apples on the tree.他很高能够得到树上的苹果。     so后面有单数名词时可用such ...that…进行改写。     e.g.  He is so tall a man that he can almost reach the ceiling.     =He is such a tall man that he can almost reach the ceiling.他个子这么高,几乎够得着天花板。 31 【知识拓展】so that的用法 (1) so that以便; 目的是。引导目的状语从句     e.g. Our teacher spoke loudly so that everyone could hear him. 我们的老师大声讲课以便每个人都能听到。     So that 常与may,can等词连用,从句前无逗号。 e.g. I hired a boat so that I could go fishing. 我租了一条船,为的是可以去钓鱼。     He worked hard in order that/so that he could succeed.     =He worked hard in order to/so as to succeed. 他努力工作,为的是成功。 (2) so that还可引导结果状语从句,从句前可用逗号与主句隔开,意为“因为”。     e.g. The bus broke down, so that we had to walk. 公共汽车抛锚了,因此我们必须步行。 32 3. Is a human brain a more powerful calculator than a computer?人脑是比计算机更强大的计算器吗?     (1) more+adj. +than…     e.g. Is this snake more dangerous than that one? 这条蛇比那一条更危险吗?     (2) more+n. +than…     e.g. There are more students in Class 3 than those in Class 2. 三班的学生比二班的多。 33 4.If it is not powerful enough, you will find the answer on page 67.如果它(你的大脑)不够强大的话,请看第67页上的答案。     主句为一般将来时,以if引导的条件状语从句,则用一般现在时。     e.g. If I am free tomorrow, I will see my uncle. 如果明天我有空,我要去看我叔叔。     If it doesn’t rain, we will go swimming.如果不下雨,我们将去游泳。 【知识拓展】与这种规则类似的还有:当when,as,as soon as等引导时间状语从句时,若主句为一般将来时,从句也需要一般现在时。     e.g. Tom comes, I will call you.汤姆来的时候,我会给你打电话。         I will write to you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就给你写信。   34 35 $$

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专题02 Units 1~4核心知识归纳(考点串讲)-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲(牛津上海版)
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专题02 Units 1~4核心知识归纳(考点串讲)-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲(牛津上海版)
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专题02 Units 1~4核心知识归纳(考点串讲)-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲(牛津上海版)
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专题02 Units 1~4核心知识归纳(考点串讲)-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲(牛津上海版)
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专题02 Units 1~4核心知识归纳(考点串讲)-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲(牛津上海版)
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专题02 Units 1~4核心知识归纳(考点串讲)-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期中考点大串讲(牛津上海版)
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