专题07 阅读理解之说明文15篇（福建期中真题）-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期中复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（仁爱科普版）

阅读理解之说明文15篇 (福建期中真题) （23-24八年级上·福建福州·期中）Are you carrying too much on your back at school? I’m sure lots of children of your age will say “Yes”. Not only do the students in China have this problem, but children in the US also have heavy schoolbags. Doctors worry that younger students are having back and neck problems because schoolbags are too heavy for them. “It’s hard for me to go upstairs with my bag because it’s so heavy,” said Rick Hammond, an 11-year-old student in the US. Many other students choose rolling (有滚轮的) bags. But even with rolling bags, getting up stairs and buses is still a problem for children. But how much is too much? Doctors say students should carry no more than 10% to 15% of their own body weight (重量). Scott Bautch, a back doctor, said children under Grade 4 should stay with 10%. But it is also important that older children don’t stay with over 15%, because their bodies are still growing. “Children are losing their balance and falling down with their schoolbags,” he said. Parents and teachers are starting to tell children to only take home library books they will be reading that night. Some teachers are using pieces of paper or thin (薄的) works for students to take home. 1．What can we know from Paragraph 1? A．Only children in China carry too heavy schoolbags. B．Few children have the heavy schoolbag problem now. C．Only children in the US carry too heavy schoolbags. D．Both children in China and the US carry too heavy schoolbags. 2．Why do children feel it hard for them to go upstairs? A．Because their legs hurt. B．Because their schoolbags weigh too much. C．Because they are too young. D．Because they are weak and do little exercise. 3．If a child carries a heavy schoolbag, it will hurt ________. A．his hands B．his feet C．his back and neck D．his head and arms 4．According to the doctor Scott Bautch, if a child in Grade 5 weighs about 30 kilos, the schoolbag he carries should not be over ________. A．3 kilos B．4.5 kilos C．5 kilos D．5.5 kilos 5．What does the underlined word “balance” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese? A．平衡 B．课本 C．信心 D．体重 （23-24八年级上·福建福州·期中）Our skin (皮肤) is like a bag that we live in. In the bag, most of our bodies are water. Our water is like the water in the sea. It is very salty. Also, like the sea, we can lose our water. The wind and the sun could take it away. Our bag of skin stops our body’s sea from drying up. Our skin keeps out sunlight. Too much sunlight can hurt us. Skin also keeps out dirt (灰尘). That’s important because some kinds of dirt can make us feel ill. Our skin can feel things. It feels warm things, cold things, and things that hurt it. Our hair is a special kind of skin. It helps us keep things out of our eyes, ears and nose. Hair is also good for keeping us warm. When we get goose bumps (鸡皮疙瘩), our body hairs stand up. Then the hairs hold air close to our skin like clothes. Hair keeps animals warm, too. Some animals have more hair than others, so they have better clothes for cold weather. Our nails are another special skin which are very hard. They help keep our hands from getting hurt. Our nails aren’t as strong as the nails that animals have. But they are good for picking up coins. 1．What’s our skin like according to the passage? A．It’s like a sea. B．It’s like the water. C．It’s like the sun. D．It’s like a bag. 2．What do the underlined words “drying up” in Paragraph 1 probably mean in Chinese? A．蒸发 B．失踪 C．干涸 D．坠落 3．From Paragraph 3, we can know ________. A．our hair is bad for our eyes B．our skin can feel warm things, cold things and pain C．the number of different animals’ hair is the same D．our body hairs stand up when getting goose bumps 4．Our nails ________. A．keep things out of our eyes B．keep our hands safe C．keep our hands clean D．keep us warm 5．What would be the best title for the text? A．How to Take Care of Our Skin B．The Use of Skin C．The Different Kinds of Skin D．Problems About Healthy Skin （23-24八年级上·福建泉州·期中）Lots of young people love fast food. Do you like fast food? Do you often eat it? Although lots of people complain about fast food, some people still love it. I’d like to tell you my ideas about fast food. First, I think fast food is quite delicious. You will know it’s really delicious if you go to one of the international chains like McDonalds or KFC． Fast food is really popular, especially among young children. Second, it’s easy to get fast food. In today’s world, there are so many fast food restaurants. They seem (似乎) to be everywhere and we can find them easily. What’s more, it’s easy to open a fast food restaurant because it doesn’t need so many waiters. Third, the most important thing to remember about fast food is that it isn’t so healthy. People who eat it every day have some health problems. I don’t understand why some schools give fast food to students during lunchtime. I think that school should encourage (鼓励) students to eat healthily. 1．What does the underlined word “complain” mean in Chinese? A．喜欢 B．满足 C．抱怨 D．热衷 2．Why does the writer mention McDonalds and KFC? A．Because their food is delicious. B．Because they are fast food restaurants. C．Because they are international chains. D．Because he often eats foods from them. 3．The writer thinks schools should ________. A．encourage students to eat fast food B．ask students not to eat more fast food C．tell students about dangers of fast food D．advise students to go to fast food restaurants 4．Which idea is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Fast food is delicious. B．We can get fast food easily. C．Fast food is unhealthy. D．Fast food is very cheap. 5．The best title for the passage can be “________”. A．Ideas about restaurants B．Food and drinks C．Ideas about Fast Food D．Importance of health （23-24八年级上·福建福州·期中）You may know the English letters A, B and C． But do you know there are people called ABCs? You may like eating bananas. But do you know there are such people with the name of “banana persons”? Are these people from “another planet”? No. They are just Chinese people like you and me. ABC means American-born Chinese. An ABC is a Chinese, but was born in the United States. Sometimes, people call an ABC a “banana person”. A banana is yellow outside and white inside. So, a “banana person” is white inside—thinking like a Westerner and yellow outside—looking like a Chinese. Do you know why? Usually, ABCs know little about China or Chinese language. Most of them don’t speak Chinese. Also, they are not interested in Chinese politics. But if ABCs can’t speak Chinese, can we still call them Chinese people? Yes, of course. They are Chinese. They are overseas (海外的) Chinese. These people may be citizens (公民) of other countries like the US, Canada or Singapore. But they have Chinese blood. Their parents, grandparents or even great-grandparents were from China. They all have black eyes and black hair. But they are not Chinese citizens. They are not people of China. For example, we all know the famous forensic (法医的) scientist Henry Lee. He is one of the world’s foremost (最主要的) forensic scientists and has got more than 800 awards. Chinese people love him. But he is an American citizen. 1．“ABC” in this passage means “________”. A．a kind of banana B．three English letters C．American-born Chinese D．Chinese-born American 2．Chinese born in Western countries are called “banana persons” because ________. A．their bodies are white inside but yellow outside B．they think like Westerners but look like Chinese C．they were born in China but go to study in America D．they were born in America but work in China 3．The underlined word “blood” may probably mean “________” in the passage. A．血统 B．国籍 C．爱心 D．皮肤 4．Henry Lee is mentioned here to show that ________. A．American Chinese are great B．Chinese people can do well in forensic science C．American Chinese aren’t Chinese citizens D．we don’t like him 5．This passage mainly talks about ________. A．overseas Chinese B．different kinds of bananas C．the story of Henry Lee D．the meaning of “ABC” （23-24八年级上·福建泉州·期中）Shops play music to change the way customers (shoppers) feel. Clothing shops for teenagers (13-19-year-olds) play exciting popular music. It makes customers feel happy. But music does more than that. It can change the way a person shops. According to studies, the volume (音量) of music changes how people shop. Customers shop quickly when shop music is very loud and they buy just as much. When music is quiet, customers shop slowly. Customers take time to look at the products and talk with the salespeople. Quiet music is good for products that take time to buy. Slow music makes people slow down. In restaurants with slow music, it takes customers more time to eat. Slow music also slows down customers in supermarkets. Customers notice more products as they walk through the shop. With slow music in supermarkets, sales go up by 38% Familiar (熟悉的) music gives shoppers a good idea of time. People know the beginning, middle and end of a familiar song. When customers hear music that is not familiar, they don’t notice the time. When they don’t notice the time, they spend more time on products and buy more. People remember past experiences and feelings when they hear familiar music. Many shops play old, happy music so customers feel good. When customers hear new music, they forget about the world outside of the shop. Some shops use new music so their customers relax while they shop. 1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Quiet music is good for buying products. B．People shop slowly when they hear quiet music. C．People shop quickly when they hear loud music. D．Music volume influences (影响) the way of shopping. 2．About shop music, which of the following does the passage NOT mention (提到)? A．It changes the way people shop. B．It changes the way people feel. C．It changes the way people use the products. D．It changes the way people think about the products. 3．A bookstore should play ________ according to the passage. ①slow music ②loud music ③familiar music ④exciting popular music ⑤new music A．①③④ B．①②③ C．①③⑤ D．②④⑤ 4．We can infer (推断) the exciting song Guyongzhe (《孤勇者》) may often appear (出现) in a (n) ________. A．vegetable store B．city library C．supermarket D．teenagers’ clothing store 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Customers’ Music B．People and Music C．What Customers Like D．Music and Shopping （23-24八年级上·福建三明·期中）In Canada, when you see a group of students wearing funny hats or summer T-shirts in winter, don’t get a surprise. Maybe they are enjoying their School Spirit Week. School Spirit Week is a time for students to show their personalities (个性) and class cultures. It is a school festival. Students from primary schools to high schools can hold it during any week of a year. And students’ family and friends can go to the special festival, too. School Spirit Week usually has a central theme (中心主题). According to the theme, students wear special clothes and decorate their classrooms. Every year, there is a different theme. And the themes for young kids are usually very simple. Each theme has games, competitions and parties. Students can choose different activities by themselves and they always have fun. School Spirit Week asks students to use their creativity (创造力) to make their own clothes. For example, in a fashion (时装) week, students can wear different clothes made of anything on each day. Monday may be funny, followed by Shirt Day on Tuesday and Jeans Day on Wednesday. Thursday can be Sports Shoes Day, followed by School Uniform Day on Friday. Do you want to have a look at the wonderful photos of the festival? Click (点击) “READ MORE” and you will see them. 1．People may feel ________ when they see students wearing funny hats or summer T-shirts in winter. A．afraid B．surprised C．excited D．angry 2．Paragraph 3 mainly tells us ________. A．the ideas of School Spirit Week B．the theme of School Spirit Week C．the clothes of School Spirit Week D．the activities of School Spirit Week 3．The underlined word “simple” means ________ in Chinese. A．简单的 B．干燥的 C．典型的 D．有效的 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Parents and teachers help the students choose their activities. B．Children hold their School Spirit Week once a week. C．School Spirit Week can help make the students creative. D．The themes of the School Spirit Week are the same every year. 5．What’s this passage mainly about? A．An interesting school festival. B．A new idea of making clothes. C．A creative fashion week. D．A special way of spending holidays. （23-24八年级上·福建漳州·期中）Everybody loves watermelons, even dogs. But is it safe for them to eat? The answer is yes. The fruit itself is a healthy food. It is nutritious because it is rich in vitamins (维生素) A, B6, C, and so on. What’s more, the fruit has only about 50 calories (卡路里) a cup and 92% water. Dr. Tate, an animal expert said, “Watermelons are safe to give to dogs. They can be healthy food for them. They are also quite low in sugar. So if your dog is trying to lose weight (重量), you can let it eat watermelons.” But the hard seeds (籽) and skin (皮) of watermelons can be dangerous. “Sometimes seeds can make the stomach upset. And some dogs might eat the whole skin in one piece, and that’s not good for their stomachs.” Dr. Hawkins, another animal expert said. Dogs can eat watermelons, but eating too much can be a different story. If they eat more than they should, they can get diarrhea (腹泻). Dr. Tate said dogs can also drink watermelon juice. He suggests two to three cups of watermelon juice for large dogs each time, one to two cups for medium dogs, and one cup for small dogs. 1．What does the underlined word “nutritious” in Paragraph 1 probably mean in Chinese? A．香甜的 B．多汁的 C．有营养的 D．清爽的 2．How many calories are there in a cup of watermelon? A．About 3. B．About 6. C．About 50. D．About 92. 3．What can make dogs get diarrhea? A．Drinking too much water. B．Eating too many watermelons. C．Eating the hard skin of watermelons. D．Eating the seeds of watermelons. 4．According to Dr. Tate, how much watermelon juice should small dogs drink each time? A．One cup. B．Two cups. C．One to two cups. D．Two to three cups. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．How Do We Feed a Dog Fruit? B．What is Healthy Food for Dogs? C．Do Dogs Like Watermelons? D．Can Dogs Eat Watermelons? （23-24八年级上·福建莆田·期中）In the spring of 2014, more people got H7N9 flu in Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangdong and some other provinces (省). Some people even died finally because of it. Many people are afraid of catching the flu. In fact, H7N9 doesn’t spread (传播) very fast. If you have healthy habits, you can stay away from it. First, you’d better stay at home and not go to crowded places where there are too many people, because the air there is usually not clean enough. Second, open the windows to let the fresh air in. Third, it would be a good idea to wash your hands often. Fourth, eat fruits and vegetables to keep yourself fit. Last, remember not to get close to birds, especially living birds. Some people fell ill because they touched birds. 1．________, some people even died finally because of H7N9. A．In the spring of 2014 B．In the winter of 2014 C．In the spring of 2013 D．In the winter of 2013 2．Many people are afraid of having the flu because they are worried that H7N9 ________. A．doesn’t spread B．can spread very fast C．doesn’t make them ill D．can keep people healthy 3．The underlined (画线的) word “touched” means “________”. A．饲养 B．觉得 C．接触 D．阻止 4．How many ways are there to keep away from H7N9? A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．We are afraid of H7N9 because it spreads. B．We can go to crowded places when H7N9 spreads. C．We mustn’t open the windows to keep away from H7N9. D．To keep healthy, we shouldn’t get close to living birds as much as possible. （23-24八年级上·福建泉州·期中）Nobody wants to feel bad, but some children don’t know how to feel good and happy. In fact, you can manage (管理) your feelings. Here are some ideas and they can help you feel happy. ◆Exercising can make you feel happier. When you are feeling mad, bad or sad, try different kinds of exercise. You can go running or take a walk. You can dance or swim. You will feel good after exercising. Eating makes you feel happy. Many people choose to eat chocolate and ice cream when they feel sad, but don’t eat too much of them. If you eat too much, you will feel regretful soon because they can make you fat. ◆Music is always helpful. You can listen to music or make music yourself. ◆Think about good things. You can think of good things and make a list (清单). You can write them down or remember them in your mind. Even the smallest things can make you feel good. ◆Enjoy natural (自然的) things. You can look at natural things like the sky, flowers and birds. Then you will think how lucky you are to see and feel these things. 1．How many kinds of exercise are mentioned (提及)? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．The writer mentions chocolate and ice cream because ________. A．eating them can make people happy B．eating them can make people feel sad C．eating too much of them makes you fat D．they are the writer’s favorite food 3．What does the underlined word “regretful” probably mean in Chinese? A．满足的 B．后悔的 C．快乐的 D．失望的 4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．The writer advises us to take exercise. B．Something about music can make us feel happy. C．We should keep good things in our mind. D．Natural things can never make us happy. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to take exercise B．How to eat well C．How to lose weight D．How to feel happy （23-24八年级上·福建泉州·期中）In 1901, Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, found that there are four types of blood (血). These four blood types were A, B, AB and O. Everybody has one of them. Blood type O is the most common (常见的) in the world. Blood type A is the second most common, and type AB is the least common. If people with type A blood give their blood to type B blood, or people with type B blood give their blood to type A blood, both of them will die. In 1927, a Japanese doctor, Furukawa Takeji, found that people with different blood types also had different personalities (性格). Blood type A is careful. Blood type B is active so that they may like do sports. Blood type O is easy to get along with while blood type AB is cool. Recently, in the US, a doctor named Polly Adams wrote a book. The book matches blood types with what people eat. For example, his book says that people with type O blood should eat more meat and less bread. People with type A blood should have more vegetables. His book, Eat Right for Your Type, is very popular with young people. Because many young people want to lose weight (减肥). Dr. Polly thinks eating according to a person’s blood type will make the person healthier in other ways, too. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．What blood does in our bodies. B．Why blood types can’t be mixed (混合) C．Important parts of our blood. D．Three men’s studies on blood. 2．What did Karl Landsteiner find? A．There are four types of personality. B．Blood type AB is the most common. C．There are four types of blood. D．One person can give blood to another. 3．According to the text, people with which blood would like to play sports? A．Type A． B．Type B． C．Type AB． D．Type O. 4．What kind of people may want to read Eat Right for Your Type? A．People who are too heavy. B．People from America. C．People with type O blood. D．People who care about their blood. 5．Which of the following is TRUE about blood type A? A．It is the least common. B．It was found by Karl Landsteiner. C．People with this type are cool. D．People with this type should eat more meat. （23-24八年级上·福建三明·期中）Flu easily spreads (传播) from one person to another. If you are weak, you may catch the flu easily. Do you know how to prevent the flu? Here are some suggestions. Keep in good health You can eat everything you want but make sure that your diet is healthy. The healthier you are, the better it is for you to prevent any kind of illness. Most doctors suggest drinking lots of fresh fruit juice and water is helpful to prevent flu. Stay away from people with flu If a member of your family or a friend has the flu, stay away from him/her until he/she is well. Flu is very communicable. If you stay with the person with the flu, you can catch it easily. Wear a mask (口罩) and avoid (避免) using their things. Exercise Exercising will make you stronger, which means a stronger immune system(免疫系统), too. Exercise often to keep healthy. It doesn’t matter what kind of exercise it is. Be happy Happy people are also healthy people. But if you are unhappy, you will easily get sick. Follow the suggestions above and you can avoid the flu easily. 1．How many suggestions are there in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 2．What does the word “communicable” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．有效的 B．无效的 C．致命的 D．传染的 3．What should we do to stay away from people with flu? A．Exercise often. B．Eat junk food. C．Be happy. D．Wear a mask. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Avoid the Flu B．How to Keep in Good Health C．How to Exercise D．How to Be Happy 5．You can see the article in the ________ of newspapers. A．House B．Sport C．Health D．News （23-24八年级上·福建宁德·期中）The year 2023 is a big year for sports in China. That’s because it held the 19th Asian (亚洲的) Games in Hangzhou. On Aug. 6th, 2018, the emblem (会徽) for the Hangzhou Asian Games was released (发布). The city won the hosting rights (权利) for the 2023 Asian Games in 2015. It was the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games after Beijing and Guangzhou in 1990 and 2010. The first Asian Games was held in 1951, the Asian Games is the largest sports games in Asia. It also means a lot to China. The Beijing Asian Games was the first largest International sports games hosted by China. To make the Games successful, Chinese people worked hard to prepare. Beijing built a lot of roads and gyms. The Games helped the world see China and its achievements (成就). For the 2023 Asian Games, Hangzhou started building 33 sports gyms. All the 19th Asian Games’ buildings are good for the environment (环境). The themes of the Hangzhou Asian Games are “green, smart, economical (节俭的) and civilized (文明的)”. 1．Which city hosted the 2023 Asian Games? A．Hangzhou. B．Guangzhou. C．Shanghai. D．Beijing. 2．What does the underlined word “themes” mean in the last paragraph (段落)? A．主题 B．内容 C．内涵 D．标题 3．According to the passage, what are the Beijing Asian Games good for China? A．Hangzhou started building 33 sports gyms. B．More tourists (游客) came to China. C．Guangzhou built a lot of roads and gyms. D．It helped the world see China and its achievements. 4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．The first Asian Games was held in 1951. B．Guangzhou held the Asian Games in 1990. C．China hosted the Asian Games three times. D．All the 19th Asian Games’ buildings are good for the environment. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to prepare for the Asian Games. B．The development (发展) of the Asian Games in China. C．Why China wants to host the 19th Asian Games. D．What the 19th Asian Games emblem was. （23-24八年级上·福建宁德·期中）Up to two thirds of children don’t get enough sleep as they should do, and this can make them worried and slow at school, scientists say. So how long should children sleep each night? The answer is between 8 and 10 hours. If they don’t get enough sleep at night, they’ll have less energy the next day. Even losing one hour’s sleep a night can mean that children do less well at school. But the scientists say many children have missed out on 4500 hours of sleep by the time they are seven years old. They say that children miss sleep because they have TVs and computers in their rooms, and busy parents don’t read to their younger children at night. The traditional (传统的)“bedtime story”helps children relax and sleep peacefully(平静地). Children with TVs and computers in their bedrooms are more likely to sleep badly, and to get less than eight hours’ sleep. Scientists think that your brain (大脑) keeps working while you’re sleeping.To show that they were right, they gave two teams of people a problem to work out.One team went to sleep, and the other team stayed awake. The result (结果)? The people who slept worked out the problem fast, suggesting that their brains was trying to find the answer while they were sleeping. So, make sure you get enough sleep tonight, and you’ll be at your best tomorrow! 1．How long should children sleep each night according to (根据) the text? A．8 hours. B．8 to 10 hours. C．10 hours. D．10 to 12 hours. 2．If children don’t get enough sleep, they will ________ at school. A．listen more carefully B．watch more TV C．walk more slowly D．do less well 3．According to the text, many children miss sleep because ________. ①they have too much homework to do ②their parents ask them to go to sleep late ③their parents don't read to them at night    ④they have TVs and computers in their rooms A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 4．How does a bedtime story help children get a good sleep? A．It makes children get to sleep later. B．It helps children do better at school. C．It makes children feel relaxed and excited. D．It helps children relax and sleep peacefully. 5．What did the scientists’ experiment (实验) show? A．Sleep helps children learn to read. B．Parents should read bedtime stories to children. C．Your brain is working while you are sleeping. D．Losing sleep means children don’t learn well. （23-24八年级上·福建福州·期中）One day, you open the fridge (冰箱) and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesn’t want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe (安全的) to do this? Mold can grow on almost all kinds of food. It is usually green, white, black or gray. Mold makes food soft and changes its color. Moldy food tastes quite bad, and it’s not safe to eat. If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, usually contains (包含) water. This helps mold easily grow. Bacteria (细菌) can also grow along with it. But it’s easy to remove mold from hard food. The mold can’t grow very deep inside this kind of food. According to the BBC, you should cut about 2.5 cm around and under the mold to remove it. It’s OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is covered with mold all over, you should still throw it away. ▲ But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, penicillium can be used to make many kinds of cheese, such as blue cheese. These cheese are safe to eat, and they are quite delicious as well. 1．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．using numbers B．answering a question C．comparing (对比) differences D．describing a situation (描述情景) 2．The underlined word “remove” in Para. 4 is closest in meaning to “________”. A．查找 B．移除 C．指出 D．关闭 3．Which can be the best sentence for ▲ ? A．There is also healthy mold. B．There are many kinds of mold. C．Most kinds of mold are bad for us. D．Not all molds carry bacteria with them. 4．If your potato is covered with a small piece of mold, what should you do with it? A．Just throw it away. B．Just wash it away and then you can eat it. C．Never mind. Just eat it. D．Just cut the moldy part around and under 2.5 cm. 5．The passage most probably comes from the ________ column in a magazine. A．science B．travel C．cooking D．sports （23-24八年级上·福建福州·期中）①What time of day can you think most quickly? Are you a morning person? Or does it take you a few hours to get your brain going? A lot of recent studies suggest that we should pay attention to our body clock. It can tell us what time of day we can perform best at. ②Many people work best later in the morning. This is because the body’s temperature takes time to rise through the day. Taking a warm shower when you wake up can help your body’s temperature rise quickly. ③But everyone’s body clock is different and some are special. Morning people will get up early and work better early in the day. Evening people will work later, but work better towards the end of the day. The study shows that we’re better at some activities at certain times of the day. Physical performance (体能) is at its best between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m., so it’s better to exercise later in the day. ④Between noon and 4 p.m., people begin to pay less attention. This is because we think less quickly after a big meal. Study also shows we become sleepy around 2 p.m. This is why people in Spain take a short sleep in early afternoon. ⑤Finally, it is best to eat when we’re active. This allows our body to burn calories (卡路里) better and stops our blood sugar (血糖) levels from getting too high. 1．________ can tell us what time of day we can perform best at. A．Our body temperature B．A warm shower C．Morning people D．Our body clock 2．A morning people will ________. A．get up later but work better B．work better early in the day C．exercise later in the day D．go to bed late every night 3．Why is it best to eat when we’re active? A．The brain can’t think quickly then. B．It helps us sleep much better. C．Our body can burn more calories. D．It makes our blood sugar levels higher. 4．Which of the following is the structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the text mainly about? A．The best time to exercise. B．How we can work better. C．The perfect time to do something. D．How we can keep healthy. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (福建期中真题) （23-24八年级上·福建福州·期中）Are you carrying too much on your back at school? I’m sure lots of children of your age will say “Yes”. Not only do the students in China have this problem, but children in the US also have heavy schoolbags. Doctors worry that younger students are having back and neck problems because schoolbags are too heavy for them. “It’s hard for me to go upstairs with my bag because it’s so heavy,” said Rick Hammond, an 11-year-old student in the US. Many other students choose rolling (有滚轮的) bags. But even with rolling bags, getting up stairs and buses is still a problem for children. But how much is too much? Doctors say students should carry no more than 10% to 15% of their own body weight (重量). Scott Bautch, a back doctor, said children under Grade 4 should stay with 10%. But it is also important that older children don’t stay with over 15%, because their bodies are still growing. “Children are losing their balance and falling down with their schoolbags,” he said. Parents and teachers are starting to tell children to only take home library books they will be reading that night. Some teachers are using pieces of paper or thin (薄的) works for students to take home. 1．What can we know from Paragraph 1? A．Only children in China carry too heavy schoolbags. B．Few children have the heavy schoolbag problem now. C．Only children in the US carry too heavy schoolbags. D．Both children in China and the US carry too heavy schoolbags. 2．Why do children feel it hard for them to go upstairs? A．Because their legs hurt. B．Because their schoolbags weigh too much. C．Because they are too young. D．Because they are weak and do little exercise. 3．If a child carries a heavy schoolbag, it will hurt ________. A．his hands B．his feet C．his back and neck D．his head and arms 4．According to the doctor Scott Bautch, if a child in Grade 5 weighs about 30 kilos, the schoolbag he carries should not be over ________. A．3 kilos B．4.5 kilos C．5 kilos D．5.5 kilos 5．What does the underlined word “balance” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese? A．平衡 B．课本 C．信心 D．体重 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了当今的孩子书包太重，太重的书包对孩子的成长有害，医生就不同类型的孩子应该携带多重的书包提出了建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“Not only do the students in China have this problem, but children in the US also have heavy schoolbags”可知，不仅中国的学生有这个问题，美国的孩子也有很重的书包，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“It’s hard for me to go upstairs with my bag because it’s so heavy,”可知，是因为书包太沉了，所以上楼很难。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Doctors worry that younger students are having back and neck problems”可知如果孩子背着沉重的书包，会伤害他们的背部和颈部。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Doctors say students should carry no more than 10%~15% of their body weight (重量). ”可知，学生的负重不应超过体重的10%~15%，也就是说体重在30公斤左右，他背的书包就不应该超过4.5公斤，故选B。 5． 词义推测题。根据“Children are losing their balance and falling down with their schoolbags” 可知，孩子们背着书包摔倒了，是因为孩子们失去了平衡，划线单词“balance”意为“平衡”。故选A。 （23-24八年级上·福建福州·期中）Our skin (皮肤) is like a bag that we live in. In the bag, most of our bodies are water. Our water is like the water in the sea. It is very salty. Also, like the sea, we can lose our water. The wind and the sun could take it away. Our bag of skin stops our body’s sea from drying up. Our skin keeps out sunlight. Too much sunlight can hurt us. Skin also keeps out dirt (灰尘). That’s important because some kinds of dirt can make us feel ill. Our skin can feel things. It feels warm things, cold things, and things that hurt it. Our hair is a special kind of skin. It helps us keep things out of our eyes, ears and nose. Hair is also good for keeping us warm. When we get goose bumps (鸡皮疙瘩), our body hairs stand up. Then the hairs hold air close to our skin like clothes. Hair keeps animals warm, too. Some animals have more hair than others, so they have better clothes for cold weather. Our nails are another special skin which are very hard. They help keep our hands from getting hurt. Our nails aren’t as strong as the nails that animals have. But they are good for picking up coins. 1．What’s our skin like according to the passage? A．It’s like a sea. B．It’s like the water. C．It’s like the sun. D．It’s like a bag. 2．What do the underlined words “drying up” in Paragraph 1 probably mean in Chinese? A．蒸发 B．失踪 C．干涸 D．坠落 3．From Paragraph 3, we can know ________. A．our hair is bad for our eyes B．our skin can feel warm things, cold things and pain C．the number of different animals’ hair is the same D．our body hairs stand up when getting goose bumps 4．Our nails ________. A．keep things out of our eyes B．keep our hands safe C．keep our hands clean D．keep us warm 5．What would be the best title for the text? A．How to Take Care of Our Skin B．The Use of Skin C．The Different Kinds of Skin D．Problems About Healthy Skin 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了皮肤的各种作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Our skin (皮肤) is like a bag that we live in.”可知，皮肤就像一个袋子。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据“ The wind and the sun could take it away. Our bag of skin stops our body’s sea from drying up.”可知，风和太阳可以把水带走，我们的皮肤阻止我们的身体之海……，故推测出划线部分“drying up”意为“干涸”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“When we get goose bumps (鸡皮疙瘩), our body hairs stand up.”可知，当我们身上起鸡皮疙瘩，我们的体毛就竖起来了。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Our nails are another special skin which are very hard. They help keep our hands from getting hurt.”可知，我们硬的指甲有助于防止我们的手受伤。说明指甲可以保护我们的双手。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了皮肤的各种作用，故最佳标题为“皮肤的用途”。故选B。 （23-24八年级上·福建泉州·期中）Lots of young people love fast food. Do you like fast food? Do you often eat it? Although lots of people complain about fast food, some people still love it. I’d like to tell you my ideas about fast food. First, I think fast food is quite delicious. You will know it’s really delicious if you go to one of the international chains like McDonalds or KFC． Fast food is really popular, especially among young children. Second, it’s easy to get fast food. In today’s world, there are so many fast food restaurants. They seem (似乎) to be everywhere and we can find them easily. What’s more, it’s easy to open a fast food restaurant because it doesn’t need so many waiters. Third, the most important thing to remember about fast food is that it isn’t so healthy. People who eat it every day have some health problems. I don’t understand why some schools give fast food to students during lunchtime. I think that school should encourage (鼓励) students to eat healthily. 1．What does the underlined word “complain” mean in Chinese? A．喜欢 B．满足 C．抱怨 D．热衷 2．Why does the writer mention McDonalds and KFC? A．Because their food is delicious. B．Because they are fast food restaurants. C．Because they are international chains. D．Because he often eats foods from them. 3．The writer thinks schools should ________. A．encourage students to eat fast food B．ask students not to eat more fast food C．tell students about dangers of fast food D．advise students to go to fast food restaurants 4．Which idea is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Fast food is delicious. B．We can get fast food easily. C．Fast food is unhealthy. D．Fast food is very cheap. 5．The best title for the passage can be “________”. A．Ideas about restaurants B．Food and drinks C．Ideas about Fast Food D．Importance of health 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲的是快餐已经在很大程度上改变了中国人的生活方式，我们应该少吃快餐，多吃水果和蔬菜等更健康的食物。 1．词义猜测题。根据“Although lots of people complain about fast food, some people still love it.”可知划线单词应与love意思相反，“抱怨”符合，故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“First, I think fast food is quite delicious. You will know it’s really delicious if you go to one of the international chains like McDonalds or KFC. ”可推断作者提到它们的原因是它们美味，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“I don’t understand why some schools give fast food to students during lunchtime. I think that school should encourage (鼓励) students to eat healthily.”可知，大家都知道快餐不健康，所以学校不应该为学生提供快餐，应鼓励多吃健康食品少吃快餐。故选B。 4．细节理解题。第二段谈到的是“delicious”；第三段谈到是“Second, it’s easy to get fast food”；第四段谈到的是“Third, the most important thing to remember about fast food is that it isn’t so healthy.”，只有D答案没有提到，故选D。 5．最佳标题题。根据“I’d like to tell you my ideas about fast food.”可知，本文是作者分享了有关快餐的想法，所以C选项符合本文标题，故选C。 （23-24八年级上·福建福州·期中）You may know the English letters A, B and C． But do you know there are people called ABCs? You may like eating bananas. But do you know there are such people with the name of “banana persons”? Are these people from “another planet”? No. They are just Chinese people like you and me. ABC means American-born Chinese. An ABC is a Chinese, but was born in the United States. Sometimes, people call an ABC a “banana person”. A banana is yellow outside and white inside. So, a “banana person” is white inside—thinking like a Westerner and yellow outside—looking like a Chinese. Do you know why? Usually, ABCs know little about China or Chinese language. Most of them don’t speak Chinese. Also, they are not interested in Chinese politics. But if ABCs can’t speak Chinese, can we still call them Chinese people? Yes, of course. They are Chinese. They are overseas (海外的) Chinese. These people may be citizens (公民) of other countries like the US, Canada or Singapore. But they have Chinese blood. Their parents, grandparents or even great-grandparents were from China. They all have black eyes and black hair. But they are not Chinese citizens. They are not people of China. For example, we all know the famous forensic (法医的) scientist Henry Lee. He is one of the world’s foremost (最主要的) forensic scientists and has got more than 800 awards. Chinese people love him. But he is an American citizen. 1．“ABC” in this passage means “________”. A．a kind of banana B．three English letters C．American-born Chinese D．Chinese-born American 2．Chinese born in Western countries are called “banana persons” because ________. A．their bodies are white inside but yellow outside B．they think like Westerners but look like Chinese C．they were born in China but go to study in America D．they were born in America but work in China 3．The underlined word “blood” may probably mean “________” in the passage. A．血统 B．国籍 C．爱心 D．皮肤 4．Henry Lee is mentioned here to show that ________. A．American Chinese are great B．Chinese people can do well in forensic science C．American Chinese aren’t Chinese citizens D．we don’t like him 5．This passage mainly talks about ________. A．overseas Chinese B．different kinds of bananas C．the story of Henry Lee D．the meaning of “ABC” 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了美籍华人的相关内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“ABC means American-born Chinese”可知，意思是在美国出生的中国人，即美籍华人。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“A banana is yellow outside and white inside. So, a ‘banana person’ is white inside—thinking like a Westerner and yellow outside—looking like a Chinese.”可知，因为他们像西方人一样思考，但看起来像中国人。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“But they have Chinese blood. Their parents, grandparents or even great-grandparents were from China.”可知，他们的父母、祖父母甚至曾祖父母都来自中国，所以他们有中国血统，划线部分单词意为“血统”。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“But they are not Chinese citizens. They are not people of China.”和“But he is an American citizen.”可知，此处举例是为了说明美籍华人不是中国公民。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“You may know the English letters A, B and C. But do you know there are people called ABCs?”并结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了“ABC”的含义，“ABC”代表美籍华人，他们有着中国人的血统，中国人的外貌，但他们却不是中国公民。故选D。 （23-24八年级上·福建泉州·期中）Shops play music to change the way customers (shoppers) feel. Clothing shops for teenagers (13-19-year-olds) play exciting popular music. It makes customers feel happy. But music does more than that. It can change the way a person shops. According to studies, the volume (音量) of music changes how people shop. Customers shop quickly when shop music is very loud and they buy just as much. When music is quiet, customers shop slowly. Customers take time to look at the products and talk with the salespeople. Quiet music is good for products that take time to buy. Slow music makes people slow down. In restaurants with slow music, it takes customers more time to eat. Slow music also slows down customers in supermarkets. Customers notice more products as they walk through the shop. With slow music in supermarkets, sales go up by 38% Familiar (熟悉的) music gives shoppers a good idea of time. People know the beginning, middle and end of a familiar song. When customers hear music that is not familiar, they don’t notice the time. When they don’t notice the time, they spend more time on products and buy more. People remember past experiences and feelings when they hear familiar music. Many shops play old, happy music so customers feel good. When customers hear new music, they forget about the world outside of the shop. Some shops use new music so their customers relax while they shop. 1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Quiet music is good for buying products. B．People shop slowly when they hear quiet music. C．People shop quickly when they hear loud music. D．Music volume influences (影响) the way of shopping. 2．About shop music, which of the following does the passage NOT mention (提到)? A．It changes the way people shop. B．It changes the way people feel. C．It changes the way people use the products. D．It changes the way people think about the products. 3．A bookstore should play ________ according to the passage. ①slow music ②loud music ③familiar music ④exciting popular music ⑤new music A．①③④ B．①②③ C．①③⑤ D．②④⑤ 4．We can infer (推断) the exciting song Guyongzhe (《孤勇者》) may often appear (出现) in a (n) ________. A．vegetable store B．city library C．supermarket D．teenagers’ clothing store 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Customers’ Music B．People and Music C．What Customers Like D．Music and Shopping 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文探讨了音乐在商店中对顾客购物体验的多方面影响。不同类型和音量的音乐可以改变顾客的购物速度、情绪以及购买行为。 1．段落大意题。根据“Customers shop quickly when shop music is very loud and they buy just as much. When music is quiet, customers shop slowly.”可知，第二段谈论的是音乐的音量对购物方式的影响。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Shops play music to change the way customers (shoppers) feel.”可知，音乐可以改变人们的感受；根据“But music does more than that. It can change the way a person shops.”可知，音乐可以改变一个人的购物方式；再根据“Slow music also slows down customers in supermarkets. Customers notice more products as they walk through the shop.”可知，安静的音乐对于需要时间购买的产品是有好处的，即可以让顾客对产品进行思考，没有提到“它改变人们使用产品的方式”。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“ Customers shop quickly when shop music is very loud and they buy just as much.”可知，当商店的音乐很吵时，顾客购物很快，因为买书需要时间，所以吵闹的音乐不适合书店，排除②；再根据“Clothing shops for teenagers (13-19-year-olds) play exciting popular music. It makes customers feel happy.”可知，青少年服装店播放激动人心的流行音乐，这种音乐不适合书店，因为书店需要安静，排除④。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Clothing shops for teenagers (13-19-year-olds) play exciting popular music. It makes customers feel happy.”可知，青少年服装店播放激动人心的流行音乐；《孤勇者》这种激动人心的歌曲适合在青少年服装店播放。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。根据“Shops play music to change the way customers (shoppers) feel. ... But music does more than that. It can change the way a person shops.”可知，商店播放音乐来改变顾客的感受，不止如此，商店音乐还可以改变人们购物的方式；由此可见本文介绍的是“音乐与购物”的关系。故选D。 （23-24八年级上·福建三明·期中）In Canada, when you see a group of students wearing funny hats or summer T-shirts in winter, don’t get a surprise. Maybe they are enjoying their School Spirit Week. School Spirit Week is a time for students to show their personalities (个性) and class cultures. It is a school festival. Students from primary schools to high schools can hold it during any week of a year. And students’ family and friends can go to the special festival, too. School Spirit Week usually has a central theme (中心主题). According to the theme, students wear special clothes and decorate their classrooms. Every year, there is a different theme. And the themes for young kids are usually very simple. Each theme has games, competitions and parties. Students can choose different activities by themselves and they always have fun. School Spirit Week asks students to use their creativity (创造力) to make their own clothes. For example, in a fashion (时装) week, students can wear different clothes made of anything on each day. Monday may be funny, followed by Shirt Day on Tuesday and Jeans Day on Wednesday. Thursday can be Sports Shoes Day, followed by School Uniform Day on Friday. Do you want to have a look at the wonderful photos of the festival? Click (点击) “READ MORE” and you will see them. 1．People may feel ________ when they see students wearing funny hats or summer T-shirts in winter. A．afraid B．surprised C．excited D．angry 2．Paragraph 3 mainly tells us ________. A．the ideas of School Spirit Week B．the theme of School Spirit Week C．the clothes of School Spirit Week D．the activities of School Spirit Week 3．The underlined word “simple” means ________ in Chinese. A．简单的 B．干燥的 C．典型的 D．有效的 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Parents and teachers help the students choose their activities. B．Children hold their School Spirit Week once a week. C．School Spirit Week can help make the students creative. D．The themes of the School Spirit Week are the same every year. 5．What’s this passage mainly about? A．An interesting school festival. B．A new idea of making clothes. C．A creative fashion week. D．A special way of spending holidays. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加拿大学校的“精神周”的一些情况。 1．细节理解题。根据“Maybe they are enjoying their School Spirit Week.”可知，人们看到学生们在冬天戴着有趣的帽子或夏天的T恤时，他们可能会感到惊讶。故选 B。 2．段落大意题。根据“School Spirit Week usually has a central theme.”可知，第三段主要告诉我们学校精神周的主题。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“And the themes for young kids are usually very simple.”可知，适合年幼的孩子的主题，应该是简单的。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“School Spirit Week asks students to use their creativity to make their own clothes.”可知，学生们利用创造力去制作自己的衣服，所以精神周可以帮助学生发挥创造力。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Maybe they are enjoying their School Spirit Week.”以及全文大意可知，本文主要介绍了加拿大学校的“精神周”的一些情况，所以“一个有趣的校园节”符合。故选A。 （23-24八年级上·福建漳州·期中）Everybody loves watermelons, even dogs. But is it safe for them to eat? The answer is yes. The fruit itself is a healthy food. It is nutritious because it is rich in vitamins (维生素) A, B6, C, and so on. What’s more, the fruit has only about 50 calories (卡路里) a cup and 92% water. Dr. Tate, an animal expert said, “Watermelons are safe to give to dogs. They can be healthy food for them. They are also quite low in sugar. So if your dog is trying to lose weight (重量), you can let it eat watermelons.” But the hard seeds (籽) and skin (皮) of watermelons can be dangerous. “Sometimes seeds can make the stomach upset. And some dogs might eat the whole skin in one piece, and that’s not good for their stomachs.” Dr. Hawkins, another animal expert said. Dogs can eat watermelons, but eating too much can be a different story. If they eat more than they should, they can get diarrhea (腹泻). Dr. Tate said dogs can also drink watermelon juice. He suggests two to three cups of watermelon juice for large dogs each time, one to two cups for medium dogs, and one cup for small dogs. 1．What does the underlined word “nutritious” in Paragraph 1 probably mean in Chinese? A．香甜的 B．多汁的 C．有营养的 D．清爽的 2．How many calories are there in a cup of watermelon? A．About 3. B．About 6. C．About 50. D．About 92. 3．What can make dogs get diarrhea? A．Drinking too much water. B．Eating too many watermelons. C．Eating the hard skin of watermelons. D．Eating the seeds of watermelons. 4．According to Dr. Tate, how much watermelon juice should small dogs drink each time? A．One cup. B．Two cups. C．One to two cups. D．Two to three cups. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．How Do We Feed a Dog Fruit? B．What is Healthy Food for Dogs? C．Do Dogs Like Watermelons? D．Can Dogs Eat Watermelons? 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文讲述了狗能否吃西瓜。 1．词义猜测题。根据“because it is rich in vitamins (维生素) A, B6, C, and so on”可知，西瓜富含维生素，因此意思是“有营养的”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The fruit has only about 50 calories (卡路里) a cup”可知，一杯西瓜大约有50卡路里。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“If they eat more than they should, they can get diarrhea (腹泻)”可知，狗吃太多西瓜会导致腹泻。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“He suggests two to three cups of watermelon juice for large dogs each time, one to two cups for medium dogs, and one cup for small dogs”可知，小狗每次应该喝一杯西瓜汁。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讨论狗是否可以吃西瓜。故选D。 （23-24八年级上·福建莆田·期中）In the spring of 2014, more people got H7N9 flu in Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangdong and some other provinces (省). Some people even died finally because of it. Many people are afraid of catching the flu. In fact, H7N9 doesn’t spread (传播) very fast. If you have healthy habits, you can stay away from it. First, you’d better stay at home and not go to crowded places where there are too many people, because the air there is usually not clean enough. Second, open the windows to let the fresh air in. Third, it would be a good idea to wash your hands often. Fourth, eat fruits and vegetables to keep yourself fit. Last, remember not to get close to birds, especially living birds. Some people fell ill because they touched birds. 1．________, some people even died finally because of H7N9. A．In the spring of 2014 B．In the winter of 2014 C．In the spring of 2013 D．In the winter of 2013 2．Many people are afraid of having the flu because they are worried that H7N9 ________. A．doesn’t spread B．can spread very fast C．doesn’t make them ill D．can keep people healthy 3．The underlined (画线的) word “touched” means “________”. A．饲养 B．觉得 C．接触 D．阻止 4．How many ways are there to keep away from H7N9? A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6. 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．We are afraid of H7N9 because it spreads. B．We can go to crowded places when H7N9 spreads. C．We mustn’t open the windows to keep away from H7N9. D．To keep healthy, we shouldn’t get close to living birds as much as possible. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了在H7N9期间，造成很多人死亡。为了远离流感，本文提供了五种远离流感的方式，首先，不要去密集的场所；第二，开窗通风；第三，经常洗手；第四，多吃水果和蔬菜；第五，远离禽类。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the spring of 2014, more people got H7N9 flu in Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangdong and some other provinces (省).”可知，在2014年春天爆发的H7N9导致很多人最终死亡。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Many people are afraid of catching the flu. In fact, H7N9 doesn’t spread (传播) very fast.”可知，人们害怕流感是因为他们担心H7N9会传播。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Last, remember not to get close to birds, especially living birds. Some people fell ill because they touched birds.”可知，不要靠近鸟，也就是告诉人们不要触碰禽类。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“First，Second，Third，Fourth，Last”可知，一共有五种方法远离H7N9。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Last, remember not to get close to birds, especially living birds.”可知，为了保持健康，我们应该尽可能地不接近活鸟。故选D。 （23-24八年级上·福建泉州·期中）Nobody wants to feel bad, but some children don’t know how to feel good and happy. In fact, you can manage (管理) your feelings. Here are some ideas and they can help you feel happy. ◆Exercising can make you feel happier. When you are feeling mad, bad or sad, try different kinds of exercise. You can go running or take a walk. You can dance or swim. You will feel good after exercising. Eating makes you feel happy. Many people choose to eat chocolate and ice cream when they feel sad, but don’t eat too much of them. If you eat too much, you will feel regretful soon because they can make you fat. ◆Music is always helpful. You can listen to music or make music yourself. ◆Think about good things. You can think of good things and make a list (清单). You can write them down or remember them in your mind. Even the smallest things can make you feel good. ◆Enjoy natural (自然的) things. You can look at natural things like the sky, flowers and birds. Then you will think how lucky you are to see and feel these things. 1．How many kinds of exercise are mentioned (提及)? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．The writer mentions chocolate and ice cream because ________. A．eating them can make people happy B．eating them can make people feel sad C．eating too much of them makes you fat D．they are the writer’s favorite food 3．What does the underlined word “regretful” probably mean in Chinese? A．满足的 B．后悔的 C．快乐的 D．失望的 4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．The writer advises us to take exercise. B．Something about music can make us feel happy. C．We should keep good things in our mind. D．Natural things can never make us happy. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to take exercise B．How to eat well C．How to lose weight D．How to feel happy 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个办法让我们去感受快乐。 1．细节理解题。根据“You can go running or take a walk. You can dance or swim. You will feel good after exercising.”可知，这里提及了4种运动。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Many people choose to eat chocolate and ice cream when they feel sad,”可知，人们喜欢在不开心的时候吃巧克力和雪糕，巧克力和雪糕能让他们开心。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“If you eat too much, you will feel regretful soon because they can make you fat.”可知，吃多了会让我们长胖，可以推断划线词的意思为“后悔的”。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Enjoy natural (自然的) things. You can look at natural things like the sky, flowers and birds. Then you will think how lucky you are to see and feel these things.”可知，你可以看看自然的东西，比如天空，花和鸟，然后你会想，你是多么幸运，能看到和感受到这些东西。故选项D“自然的东西永远不能使我们快乐。”是错误的。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。根据文章通篇在介绍如何让自己感受到快乐，故最佳标题为怎么样去感受快乐。故选D。 （23-24八年级上·福建泉州·期中）In 1901, Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, found that there are four types of blood (血). These four blood types were A, B, AB and O. Everybody has one of them. Blood type O is the most common (常见的) in the world. Blood type A is the second most common, and type AB is the least common. If people with type A blood give their blood to type B blood, or people with type B blood give their blood to type A blood, both of them will die. In 1927, a Japanese doctor, Furukawa Takeji, found that people with different blood types also had different personalities (性格). Blood type A is careful. Blood type B is active so that they may like do sports. Blood type O is easy to get along with while blood type AB is cool. Recently, in the US, a doctor named Polly Adams wrote a book. The book matches blood types with what people eat. For example, his book says that people with type O blood should eat more meat and less bread. People with type A blood should have more vegetables. His book, Eat Right for Your Type, is very popular with young people. Because many young people want to lose weight (减肥). Dr. Polly thinks eating according to a person’s blood type will make the person healthier in other ways, too. 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．What blood does in our bodies. B．Why blood types can’t be mixed (混合) C．Important parts of our blood. D．Three men’s studies on blood. 2．What did Karl Landsteiner find? A．There are four types of personality. B．Blood type AB is the most common. C．There are four types of blood. D．One person can give blood to another. 3．According to the text, people with which blood would like to play sports? A．Type A． B．Type B． C．Type AB． D．Type O. 4．What kind of people may want to read Eat Right for Your Type? A．People who are too heavy. B．People from America. C．People with type O blood. D．People who care about their blood. 5．Which of the following is TRUE about blood type A? A．It is the least common. B．It was found by Karl Landsteiner. C．People with this type are cool. D．People with this type should eat more meat. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了三位科学家对血液的研究发现。 1．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了三个人对血型的研究。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“In 1901, Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, found that there are four types of blood”可知，Karl Landsteiner发现了四种血型。故选C。 3． 细节理解题。根据“Blood type B is active so that they may like do sports”可知，B型血的人可能喜欢运动。故选B。 4． 细节理解题。根据“His book, Eat Right for Your Type, is very popular with young people. Because many young people want to lose weight”可知，这本书受到了想减肥的人的欢迎。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“In 1901, Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, found that there are four types of blood (血). These four blood types were A, B, AB and O. Everybody has one of them”可知，A型血是由Karl Landsteiner发现的。故选B。 （23-24八年级上·福建三明·期中）Flu easily spreads (传播) from one person to another. If you are weak, you may catch the flu easily. Do you know how to prevent the flu? Here are some suggestions. Keep in good health You can eat everything you want but make sure that your diet is healthy. The healthier you are, the better it is for you to prevent any kind of illness. Most doctors suggest drinking lots of fresh fruit juice and water is helpful to prevent flu. Stay away from people with flu If a member of your family or a friend has the flu, stay away from him/her until he/she is well. Flu is very communicable. If you stay with the person with the flu, you can catch it easily. Wear a mask (口罩) and avoid (避免) using their things. Exercise Exercising will make you stronger, which means a stronger immune system(免疫系统), too. Exercise often to keep healthy. It doesn’t matter what kind of exercise it is. Be happy Happy people are also healthy people. But if you are unhappy, you will easily get sick. Follow the suggestions above and you can avoid the flu easily. 1．How many suggestions are there in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 2．What does the word “communicable” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．有效的 B．无效的 C．致命的 D．传染的 3．What should we do to stay away from people with flu? A．Exercise often. B．Eat junk food. C．Be happy. D．Wear a mask. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Avoid the Flu B．How to Keep in Good Health C．How to Exercise D．How to Be Happy 5．You can see the article in the ________ of newspapers. A．House B．Sport C．Health D．News 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何预防流感。 1．细节理解题。根据“Keep in good health”；“Stay away from people with flu”；“Exercise”；“Be happy”可知，文章中提到了四条建议。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“If you stay with the person with the flu, you can catch it easily.”可知，流感是很容易传染的，communicable意为“传染的”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Wear a mask (口罩) and avoid using their things.”可知，戴口罩可以使我们远离流感患者。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据“Do you know how to prevent the flu? Here are some suggestions.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了如何避免流感。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了如何预防流感，属于健康类话题，因此可以在报纸的健康版块看到这篇文章。故选C。 （23-24八年级上·福建宁德·期中）The year 2023 is a big year for sports in China. That’s because it held the 19th Asian (亚洲的) Games in Hangzhou. On Aug. 6th, 2018, the emblem (会徽) for the Hangzhou Asian Games was released (发布). The city won the hosting rights (权利) for the 2023 Asian Games in 2015. It was the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games after Beijing and Guangzhou in 1990 and 2010. The first Asian Games was held in 1951, the Asian Games is the largest sports games in Asia. It also means a lot to China. The Beijing Asian Games was the first largest International sports games hosted by China. To make the Games successful, Chinese people worked hard to prepare. Beijing built a lot of roads and gyms. The Games helped the world see China and its achievements (成就). For the 2023 Asian Games, Hangzhou started building 33 sports gyms. All the 19th Asian Games’ buildings are good for the environment (环境). The themes of the Hangzhou Asian Games are “green, smart, economical (节俭的) and civilized (文明的)”. 1．Which city hosted the 2023 Asian Games? A．Hangzhou. B．Guangzhou. C．Shanghai. D．Beijing. 2．What does the underlined word “themes” mean in the last paragraph (段落)? A．主题 B．内容 C．内涵 D．标题 3．According to the passage, what are the Beijing Asian Games good for China? A．Hangzhou started building 33 sports gyms. B．More tourists (游客) came to China. C．Guangzhou built a lot of roads and gyms. D．It helped the world see China and its achievements. 4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．The first Asian Games was held in 1951. B．Guangzhou held the Asian Games in 1990. C．China hosted the Asian Games three times. D．All the 19th Asian Games’ buildings are good for the environment. 5．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to prepare for the Asian Games. B．The development (发展) of the Asian Games in China. C．Why China wants to host the 19th Asian Games. D．What the 19th Asian Games emblem was. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了第十九届亚运会将于2022年在杭州举办以及亚运会在中国的发展。 1．细节理解题。根据“The year 2023 is a big year for sports in China. That’s because it held the 19th Asian (亚洲的) Games in Hangzhou.”可知，杭州将主办2023年亚运会。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“green, smart, economical and civilized”可知，“绿色、智能、经济、文明”是杭州亚运会的主题，themes意为“主题”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The Games helped the world see China and its achievements (成就)..”可知，奥运会让世界看到了中国和中国的成就。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“It was the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games after Beijing and Guangzhou in 1990 and 2010.”可知，1990年亚运会在北京，故选B。 5．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了第十九届亚运会将于2023年在杭州举办以及亚运会在中国的发展。故选B。 （23-24八年级上·福建宁德·期中）Up to two thirds of children don’t get enough sleep as they should do, and this can make them worried and slow at school, scientists say. So how long should children sleep each night? The answer is between 8 and 10 hours. If they don’t get enough sleep at night, they’ll have less energy the next day. Even losing one hour’s sleep a night can mean that children do less well at school. But the scientists say many children have missed out on 4500 hours of sleep by the time they are seven years old. They say that children miss sleep because they have TVs and computers in their rooms, and busy parents don’t read to their younger children at night. The traditional (传统的)“bedtime story”helps children relax and sleep peacefully(平静地). Children with TVs and computers in their bedrooms are more likely to sleep badly, and to get less than eight hours’ sleep. Scientists think that your brain (大脑) keeps working while you’re sleeping.To show that they were right, they gave two teams of people a problem to work out.One team went to sleep, and the other team stayed awake. The result (结果)? The people who slept worked out the problem fast, suggesting that their brains was trying to find the answer while they were sleeping. So, make sure you get enough sleep tonight, and you’ll be at your best tomorrow! 1．How long should children sleep each night according to (根据) the text? A．8 hours. B．8 to 10 hours. C．10 hours. D．10 to 12 hours. 2．If children don’t get enough sleep, they will ________ at school. A．listen more carefully B．watch more TV C．walk more slowly D．do less well 3．According to the text, many children miss sleep because ________. ①they have too much homework to do ②their parents ask them to go to sleep late ③their parents don't read to them at night    ④they have TVs and computers in their rooms A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 4．How does a bedtime story help children get a good sleep? A．It makes children get to sleep later. B．It helps children do better at school. C．It makes children feel relaxed and excited. D．It helps children relax and sleep peacefully. 5．What did the scientists’ experiment (实验) show? A．Sleep helps children learn to read. B．Parents should read bedtime stories to children. C．Your brain is working while you are sleeping. D．Losing sleep means children don’t learn well. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了三分之二的孩子睡眠不足，文章介绍了睡眠不足的原因，建议孩子要有足够的睡眠。 1．细节理解题。根据“So how long should children sleep each night? The answer is between 8 and 10 hours.”可知孩子应该有8至10小时的睡眠。故选B。 2．细节理解题。结合“Up to two thirds of children don’t get enough sleep as they should do, and this can make them worried and slow at school”可知，假如孩子得不到足够的睡眠，会使得他们在学校表现不佳。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“They say that children miss sleep because they have TVs and computers in their rooms, and busy parents don’t read to their younger children at night.”可知，孩子们失眠是因为他们的房间里有电视和电脑，忙碌的父母晚上不再给年幼的孩子读书。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The traditional ‘bedtime story’ helps children relax and fall asleep peacefully (平静地)”可知，传统的“睡前故事”帮助孩子们放松并平静入睡。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据“The people who slept worked out the problem fast, suggesting that their brains was trying to find the answer while they were sleeping.”可知，睡觉的人更快地解决了这个问题，这表明他们的大脑在睡觉时一直在试图找到答案，即在睡觉的时候大脑一直在工作。故选C。 （23-24八年级上·福建福州·期中）One day, you open the fridge (冰箱) and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesn’t want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe (安全的) to do this? Mold can grow on almost all kinds of food. It is usually green, white, black or gray. Mold makes food soft and changes its color. Moldy food tastes quite bad, and it’s not safe to eat. If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, usually contains (包含) water. This helps mold easily grow. Bacteria (细菌) can also grow along with it. But it’s easy to remove mold from hard food. The mold can’t grow very deep inside this kind of food. According to the BBC, you should cut about 2.5 cm around and under the mold to remove it. It’s OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is covered with mold all over, you should still throw it away. ▲ But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, penicillium can be used to make many kinds of cheese, such as blue cheese. These cheese are safe to eat, and they are quite delicious as well. 1．The writer starts the passage by ________. A．using numbers B．answering a question C．comparing (对比) differences D．describing a situation (描述情景) 2．The underlined word “remove” in Para. 4 is closest in meaning to “________”. A．查找 B．移除 C．指出 D．关闭 3．Which can be the best sentence for ▲ ? A．There is also healthy mold. B．There are many kinds of mold. C．Most kinds of mold are bad for us. D．Not all molds carry bacteria with them. 4．If your potato is covered with a small piece of mold, what should you do with it? A．Just throw it away. B．Just wash it away and then you can eat it. C．Never mind. Just eat it. D．Just cut the moldy part around and under 2.5 cm. 5．The passage most probably comes from the ________ column in a magazine. A．science B．travel C．cooking D．sports 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文讲述了关于如何处理发霉食物的相关内容。 1．推理判断题。根据“One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you throw it away, your mother stops you.”可知，本文是通过描述一个家庭场景的方式开始这篇文章的。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“According to the BBC, you should cut about 2.5 cm around and below the mold to remove it. It’s OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. ”可知，remove与“cut the moldy parts out of hard food ”所表述的内容一致，即为“移除”之意。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. ”可知，空格处要与后句表述相反的意思，后句说的是霉菌好的方面，所以空格处要填不好的方面。选项C“大多数霉菌对我们是不好的。”符合题意。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“But it’s easy to remove mold from hard food.”和“According to the BBC, you should cut about 2.5 cm around and below the mold to remove it. It’s OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest.”可知，土豆属于硬食物，切掉发霉部分，吃掉其余部分是可以的。故选D。 5．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了与霉菌有关的内容，属于科学范畴。故选A。 （23-24八年级上·福建福州·期中）①What time of day can you think most quickly? Are you a morning person? Or does it take you a few hours to get your brain going? A lot of recent studies suggest that we should pay attention to our body clock. It can tell us what time of day we can perform best at. ②Many people work best later in the morning. This is because the body’s temperature takes time to rise through the day. Taking a warm shower when you wake up can help your body’s temperature rise quickly. ③But everyone’s body clock is different and some are special. Morning people will get up early and work better early in the day. Evening people will work later, but work better towards the end of the day. The study shows that we’re better at some activities at certain times of the day. Physical performance (体能) is at its best between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m., so it’s better to exercise later in the day. ④Between noon and 4 p.m., people begin to pay less attention. This is because we think less quickly after a big meal. Study also shows we become sleepy around 2 p.m. This is why people in Spain take a short sleep in early afternoon. ⑤Finally, it is best to eat when we’re active. This allows our body to burn calories (卡路里) better and stops our blood sugar (血糖) levels from getting too high. 1．________ can tell us what time of day we can perform best at. A．Our body temperature B．A warm shower C．Morning people D．Our body clock 2．A morning people will ________. A．get up later but work better B．work better early in the day C．exercise later in the day D．go to bed late every night 3．Why is it best to eat when we’re active? A．The brain can’t think quickly then. B．It helps us sleep much better. C．Our body can burn more calories. D．It makes our blood sugar levels higher. 4．Which of the following is the structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． 5．What is the text mainly about? A．The best time to exercise. B．How we can work better. C．The perfect time to do something. D．How we can keep healthy. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文叙述了生物钟能够显示出人一天什么时候表现最好，不同的人有不同的生物钟，人们在不同的时间段身体活动能力也不相同。 1．细节理解题。根据“A lot of recent studies suggest that we should pay attention to our body clock. It can tell us what time of day we can perform best at.”可知，我们应该关注自己的生物钟，它可以告诉我们一天中什么时候表现最好。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Morning people will get up early and work better early in the day.”可知，早起的人会起得很早，一天中早些时候的工作效率更高。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“This allows our body to burn calories better and stops our blood sugar levels from getting too high.”可知，这可以让我们的身体更好地燃烧卡路里，并防止我们的血糖水平过高。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。第一段提出总论点为根据我们的生物钟来做事，第二至第五段分别详细说明不同时间段应该做的活动，因此A选项最适合。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文叙述了通过关注自己的生物钟，能够发现人一天什么时候表现最好，并且利用不同的时间段做不同的活动，选项C“做某事的最佳时机”最符合文章主旨。故选C。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$