Unit 4 Body Language-【衡中学案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习学案(人教版2019)

2024-10-15
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( ( ( ( ( ( ( ! ( ( ( " ( ( ( ! ( ( ( # 0 1 2 3 4 5 ( 6 7 8 9 UNIT 4  BODY LANGUAGE (主题语境:人与社会——语言学习) !"#$%&'()     In our interactions with others,we usually employ appropriate body language,namely,nonverbal language to demonstrate our internal emotions. Sometimes we have difficulty in interpreting and distinguishing gestures because they arent identical. So we should learn to perceive,assess and adjust our words accordingly. For instance,if a person is embarrassed and ashamed,he will lower his head,slightly bend his body,and stare at the ground. If a person boils with anger or experiences anxiety,he will have a tendency to cross arms in front of his chest,with tears rolling down his cheeks. If a person does not move his eyes for a long time,it means that he is distracted. By contrast,if a person approves of or favours a plan,he may be witnessed straightening up and nodding his head. Certainly we cant always make reliable inferences because body language differs in different countries and varies from person to person. Nevertheless,I still call on people to reveal body language with the purpose of breaking down the barriers in our daily communication. After all,properly reacting to body language is an important component of our daily routine. In other words,we should occupy ourselves in learning some body language to ultimately avoid some unnecessary conflicts. *+,-%.(/0 12.(3) 阅读词汇会认 1. identical adj.                 2. waist n.                 3. fake adj.                 4. trial n. & v.                 5. nonverbal adj.                 6. internal adj.                 7. reveal vt.                 8. tick vt.                 vi.                 n.                 9. chin n.                 10. distract vt.                 11. ultimately adv.                 12. intervene vi.                 13. component n.                 14. tone n.                 重点词汇会写 1.           adj.合适的;恰当的 2.           vt.当场看到;目击;见证n.目击者; 证人 3.           n.面颊;脸颊 4.           vi.鞠躬;点头vt.低(头) 5.           n.隔阂;障碍 6.           n.发生的事情;严重事件;冲突 7.           adj.双胞胎之一的;孪生之一的n.孪 生之一;双胞胎之一 8.           vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等) 9.           n.故作姿态;(为画像、拍照等摆的) 姿势vi.摆好姿势vt.造成(威胁、问题等) 10.           vt. & vi.(bent,bent)(使)弯曲;倾 斜;偏向 11.           vt.使更清晰易懂;阐明;澄清 12.           vt.把……放低;降低;减少adj.下面 的;下方的;较小的 13.           vt.意味着;暗示 14.           vi.盯着看;凝视n.凝视 15.           n.天花板;上限 16.           vt.察觉;看待;理解 17.           n.胸部;胸膛 18.           adv.只是;仅仅;只不过 19.           vi. & vt.费心;麻烦;因……操心n. 麻烦;不便 20.           vi. & vt.哭泣;流泪 21.           n.矛盾;冲突vi.冲突;                                     抵触 !&* ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * ( + , - . / ( ( ( ( ( 22.           vt.表现;表达;说明;证明 23.           n.手势;姿势;姿态 24.           vt.把……理解(解释)为vi. & vt. 口译 拓展词汇会变 1.           n.交流;相互影响→           vi. 相互交流;相互影响 2.           vi.(根据情况)变化;改变→           adj.不同的;各种各样的→           n.多 样性;变化;种类 3.           vi.赞成;同意vt.批准;通过→           n.赞成;同意;批准→           adj.赞许 的;赞成的 4.           vt.使用;应用;雇用→           n. 雇员;受雇者→           n.雇主;雇用者→           n.雇用;聘用 5.           vi.相异;不同于→           adj.不 同的;有差异的→           n.差别;差异 6.           vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于n.帮助;恩 惠;赞同→           adj.赞成的;有利的 7.           n.愤怒;怒气vt.使生气;激怒→           adj.生气的;愤怒的→           adv.生气地;愤怒地 8.           adj.可靠的;可信赖的→           vi.依赖;信赖 9.           adj.轻微的;略微的;细小的→           adv.略微;稍微 10.           vt.评估;评价→           n.评 价;评定 11.           n.教师;教育工作者;教育家→           vt.教育→           adj.受过教育的;有教 养的→           n.教育 12.           n.趋势;倾向→           vt. & vi. 照料;护理vi.倾向于;有……的趋势 13.           adv.几乎不;勉强才能;刚刚→           adj.赤裸的;光秃秃的;空的 14.           vt.占据;占用→           adj.使 用中;忙于;被占领的→           n.占领; 职业 15.           vi. & vt.区分;辨别→           adj.卓越的;杰出的 16.           n.焦虑;担心;害怕→           adj.忧虑的;焦虑的;渴望的→           adv. 焦虑地 17.           adj.难堪的;尴尬的→           adj. 使人难堪的;令人尴尬的→           vt.使窘 迫;使尴尬 18.           adj.羞愧;惭愧→           n.羞 耻;羞愧;让人遗憾的事→           adj.可耻 的→           adj.无耻的;没廉耻的 19.           vi. & vt.询问;打听→           n. 询问;调查 20.           vt.调整;调节vi. & vt.适应;(使)习惯 →           adj.可调整的;可调节的→         n.调整;调节;适应 21.           vi.(对……)起反应;回应;(对食物 等)有不良反应→           n.反应;副作用 运用巩固提能 1.(朗文当代)I didnt feel that this was an           (合适的)time to mention the subject of money. 2. (2020·天津卷)Jones idea has been fully realized—the“HAPPY TO CHAT”benches help break down the invisible social           (障碍) that keeps people from saying hello. 3. (2020·北京卷)Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen(工匠)who lived centuries ago can           (揭示)how they viewed the world,what objects filled their homes,and what went on in the workshops that produced them. 4.(剑桥高阶)Im not           (暗示)anything about your cooking,but could we eat out tonight? 5. Dont be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is           (麻烦)you. 6.(剑桥高阶)The judge           (回应)angrily to the suggestion that it hadnt been a fair           (审判). 7.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)I tied a rope around his           (腰)to keep him near to our spot. 8.(2022·全国甲卷)Its a           (冲突)that we arent getting any better at resolving(解决). 9.(2022·全国Ⅱ卷)They want to treat           (distract)driving like drunk driving. 10.(2022·全国乙卷)Some mornings,Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children           (weep)from the cold. 11.           of afterclass activities will be held,           from the English corner to the Literature club. So we students can get           experiences.(vary) 12. The           of the company is           in training his           .(employ) 13.           students                                                                                    from each other !&# ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ! ( ( ( " ( ( ( ! ( ( ( # 0 1 2 3 4 5 ( 6 7 8 9 in many aspects. But everyone can make a           to the school.(differ) 14. I am           with my           ,which           most of my time every day.(occupy) 15. I feel           of my           action, which is a           to me.(shame) 16. The           farmer can easily           weeds from wanted plants.(distinguish) 17. Much to my           ,he asked me an           question. I felt so           that my face was red.(embarrass) 18. As           often say,the           can likely hunt for a better job and teenagers should receive further           for their future. (educate) &'4(#& 写准记牢 1.                   相比之下 2.                   (与……)相比较 3.                   推理;推断 4.                   消除;分解;打破 5.                   直起来;整理;收拾整齐 6.                   换句话说;也就是说 7.                   (短暂地)访问;要求(某人 讲话等);正式邀请 8.                   有某种影响;在工作 9.                   口语 10.                   握手 11.                   盯着;注视 12.                   担当 语境运用 1. (剑桥高阶)Their economy has expanded enormously,while ours,                   , has declined. 2.(江苏卷)In modern man,the brain accounts for about 2 -3% of total body weight,but it consumes 25% of the bodys energy when the body is at rest. By comparison  ,the brains of apes(类人猿)require only 8% of resttime energy. 3.(牛津高阶)Getting young people together will help to break down  the barriers between them. 4. (朗文当代)He remained bent over for several seconds before slowly straightening up  . 5.(剑桥高阶)He was economical with the truth—in other words  ,he was lying. 6.(朗文当代)We thought wed call on  James on the way home. 7. (2022·全国Ⅱ卷)On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work  and Eric was at home with his father. 8.(2021·浙江卷)However,what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen— and stare at                                             it for hours. 【词汇拓展记忆】 以ment结尾的名词 “赞成”与“反对”知多少 各种“看法”短语集合 ① embarrass → embarrassment 难堪; 窘迫 ②adjust→adjustment调整,调节 ③argue→argument争论;论据 ④require→requirement所需要的东西 ⑤judge→judg(e)ment判断 ①approve批准;赞同 ②favour赞成 ③support支持 ④oppose反对 ⑤object反对 ①glance through匆匆看一遍 ②glance at匆匆一瞥 ③glare at怒视;瞪眼看 ④stare at凝视;盯着看 ⑤spy on偷窥;监视 567(89 原句译背 1. a way to do. . .做某事的方法 For example, making eye contact—looking into someones eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest.     2.部分否定 Of course,not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.     3. while引导让步状语从句 While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,it is sometimes               much harder to distinguish when students are !&$ ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * ( + , - . / ( ( ( ( ( troubled.     4.疑问词+不定式 Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities,when to intervene,and when to talk to students individually,so they can all get the most out of school.     仿写运用 1.(2021·全国乙卷)总之,我们应该很好地了解它 的优点和缺点,并找到一个适当的方式,使我们的 研究更有效率。 In conclusion,we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and find a proper way to make our study more efficient  . 2.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷,应用文写作)并非所有学生 的英语口语熟练水平都相当,这会导致一些口语 交流困难。 Not all students have the same level of  proficiency in oral English, resulting in some difficulties in communication in oral English. 3.尽管我承认他不是完美的,但我还是喜欢他。                                         , I still like him. 4.既绝望又无助,简跪了下去,不知道接下来做 什么。 Desperate and helpless, Jane knelt down, not knowing what to do next                        . :;<=%>?@A 1. vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变 佳句背诵 I have a number of hobbies,varying from playing basketball to playing the piano. 我有许多爱好,从打篮球到弹钢琴不等。 归纳拓展 (1)vary from. . . to. . .在……到……之间变化; 从……到……不等 vary in sth.在某方面不同 vary with. . .随……而变化 (2)variety n.多样性;变化;种类 a variety of = varieties of = various多种多样的 (3)various adj.不同的;各种各样的 多维训练 单句语法填空 ①In our daily life,we will come across various  (vary) barriers,so we should try to break them down. ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)In my class the students vary           height from  150 cm to 180 cm. 写作运用提能 ③(2022·天津3月卷书面表达)我们的英语口语俱 乐部经常组织各种各样的有意义的活动,鼓励我 们获得乐趣的同时说英语。而且,这些活动随季 节而变化。 Our Spoken English Club regularly                                             ,encouraging us to speak English as well as get pleasure. Besides, these activities vary with seasons  . 2. approve vi.赞成,同意vt.批准;通过 佳句背诵 Hopefully,you can approve of my ideas and perfect our library. (应用文之建议信) 希望你能同意我的想法并完善图书馆。 归纳拓展 (1)approve of赞成,同意 approve sth.批准某事 (2)approval n.赞成;通过;同意;认可;批准 give ones approval to sth.批准某事 win ones approval得到某人的批准/同意 (3)approving adj.赞许的;许可的 approvingly adv.赞许地,满意地 (4)disapproval n.不赞成;谴责 disapproving adj.不赞成的 多维训练 单句语法填空 ①(2021·浙江卷)My father nodded approvingly  and gave his approval  to my decision to go to the farm again.(approve) ②(剑桥高阶)I thoroughly approve           what the government is doing. 写作运用提能 ③如果您能批准我们的提议,我们将不胜感激。(应 用文写作之感谢信) We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal  .(approve) →We would be grateful if you could give your approval to our proposal  .(approval                                               ) !&" ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ! ( ( ( " ( ( ( ! ( ( ( # 0 1 2 3 4 5 ( 6 7 8 9 3. witness vt.当场见到,目击;作证,见证n.目击 者;证人 佳句背诵 I shared with them the process as well as the joy of witnessing a new life coming into this world. 我和他们分享了这个过程,同时见证了一个新生命 来到这个世界上的喜悦。 归纳拓展 (1)be (a)witness to sth.目击/看见某事发生 bear / give witness to . . .为……作证 (2)witness sth.目击/目睹某事 witness to (doing)sth.证明(做)某事 (3)时间/地点名词+ witness + sth.某时/某地目睹/ 见证了某事/……是某事发生的时间/地点 多维训练 单句语法填空 ①(2022·浙江1月卷)To frame his story,Klein creates the character of Ned,a fictional witness           the progress brought about by the steams and electric revolutions in America during one mans lifetime. ②In the past 40 years,our country has witnessed  (witness)great improvement in peoples lives thanks to the reform and openingup policy. ③ Anyone who witnessed to seeing   (see) the accident yesterday should call the police. 写作运用提能 ④我邻居们看到一个衣衫褴褛的男孩挨家挨户地卖 爆米花。(读后续写之场景描写) The neighborhood witnessed a poorlydressed boy selling popcorn  from door to door. 4. employ vt.使用;应用;雇用 佳句背诵 Your time could be usefully employed in attending to professional matters. 你可以有效地利用时间处理一些专业问题。 归纳拓展 (1)employ sb. as . . .雇用某人任…… employ sb. to do sth.雇用某人做某事 employ oneself in (doing) sth. = be employed in (doing)sth.忙于(做)某事 (2)employer n.雇主 employee n.雇员;受雇者 employment n.职业;工作;雇用 (3)“忙于做某事”的其他表达: be busy / occupied with sth. be busy / occupied in doing sth. 多维训练 单句语法填空 ①They employ an Android to watch  (watch)over the gate which can send out signals when an incident arises. ② The government has taken effective measures to create more employment  (employ)opportunities. 写作运用提能 ③公司的老板正在努力营造一种轻松的氛围,员工 可以在这种氛围中享受他们的工作。 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere                               . 5. differ vi.不同,相异,意见不一致 佳句背诵 Even the gestures we use for “yes”and“no”differ around the world. 甚至我们用来表示“是”与“不是”的手势,在世界各 地也不同。 归纳拓展 (1)differ in在……方面不同 differ from与……不同 (2)difference n.不同之处 make a / some / little / much / no difference (to sb. / sth.) (对某人/某物)有/有些/几乎没有/有很大/没有 影响 (3)different adj.不同的 be different from与……不同 多维训练 单句语法填空 ①(2020·浙江卷)His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different  (differ)from mine. ② As we have communication with foreigners,we should pay more attention to the differences  (different)in our body language. 写作运用提能 ③各国对餐桌礼仪的观点大相径庭。 Opinions on table manners differ greatly  from                                                                          country to country. !&% ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * ( + , - . / ( ( ( ( ( 6. favour vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于n.帮助;恩惠; 赞同 佳句背诵 Word came that a class meeting would be held in our school,so Im writing to ask you to do me a favour. (应用文之求助信) 有消息说我校要开班会,因此我写信请你帮忙。 归纳拓展 (1)favour sth. / doing sth.较喜欢某事/做某事 (2)ask sb. a favour = ask a favour of sb.求某人帮一 个忙 do a favour for sb. = do sb. a favour帮某人一个忙 owe sb. a favour欠某人的人情 in favour of赞成;支持 in sb. s favour对某人有利 (3)favourable adj.赞成的;有利的 多维训练 单句语法填空 ①(2022·浙江6月,应用文写作)By performing appropriate measures,we have created a favourable   (favor)learning environment. ②He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them werent           favour of his opinion. ③When I take photos,I favour posing  (pose)in this way for a photograph. 写作运用提能 ④我写这封信,希望您能够在即将到来的面试中帮 助我。在您的帮助下,整个形势会对我有利。(应 用文写作之求助信) Im writing this letter,hoping that you can do me a favour / do a favour for me with my coming intervie  . With the help of you,the whole situation will be in my favour  . 7. break down分解;(机器)损坏,出故障;(谈 判)失败;(身体)垮掉;消除;打破 佳句背诵 Because of the conflict,the relationship between the two countries has broken down. 由于冲突,两国关系破裂了。 归纳拓展 break away(from)离开;脱离 break in(不及物)插嘴;闯入 break into(及物)闯入;突然……起来 break out爆发 break up分散;拆散;驱散;分手 break through突破;克服 多维训练 用break的相关短语填空 ①What angered me was that my car broke down  on the way to my company. ②We arrived home early only to find a thief trying to break in  . ③The presidents tone implied that a war would break out  soon. ④When the father saw his lost child safe,he         tears and his anxiety finally disappeared. ⑤As far as Im concerned,marriage based on money is bound to break up  . ⑥The educator hasnt broken through  in his teaching so far,so he is thinking about breaking away from  the cause of education. 8. in other words换句话说;也就是说 佳句背诵 Setting a goal is the first step to success;in other words,if you want to succeed,you must set a goal first. 设定目标是走向成功的第一步;换句话说,如果你想 成功,你必须首先设定一个目标。 归纳拓展 in a / one word总之;简言之 in words用语言;口头上 keep ones word遵守诺言 break ones word食言;失信;失约 have a word with sb.与某人谈话 have words with sb.和某人吵架 word came that . . .有消息传来……(此时word为不 可数名词) 多维训练 语段写作提能 有消息传来说因为你不遵守诺言你的搭档和你吵架 了。为了消除你们之间的隔阂,为何不真诚地和你 的搭档谈一谈,并表达你真诚的道歉呢?另外,从现 在起遵守诺言可以避免进一步的冲突。总之,要相 信你们最终会和好的。(应用文写作之建议信) ①Word came that  your partner ②had words with  you because you ③had broken your word  . To break down your barriers,why not ④ have a word with  your partner sincerely and express your heart                                                                          felt !&& ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ! ( ( ( " ( ( ( ! ( ( ( # 0 1 2 3 4 5 ( 6 7 8 9 apology?Besides,⑤keeping your word  from now on can avoid further conflicts. ⑥In a word  ,do believe that you can ultimately make up with each other. 9. occupy vt.占用;占领;占据 佳句背诵 With their chins on their hands, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling. 他们两手托着下巴,忙着盯着窗外或天花板。 归纳拓展 (1)occupy sb. / oneself with sth. / in doing sth.忙于做 某事;专心做某事 be occupied with sth. / in doing sth.忙于做某事 (2)occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的 occupation n.占领;职业 多维训练 单句语法填空 ①Ultimately,you must state your full name,age and occupation  (occupy)in your application form. 写作运用提能 ②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷,读后续写)因为他们忙于制 作和销售爆米花,他们无暇玩耍。 Because they were occupied in making and selling popcorn,they spared no time to play around. → Occupying themselves in making and selling popcorn  ,they spared no time to play around.(用现 在分词短语作状语改写) → Occupied in making and selling popcorn  ,they spared no time to play around.(用过去分词短语作 状语改写) 10. distinguish vt. & vi.区分;辨别 佳句背诵 Reading good books can not only enrich our minds but also teach us to distinguish between right and wrong. 读好书不仅能丰富我们的思想,而且能教会我们明辨 是非。 归纳拓展 (1)distinguish between A and B区分A和B distinguish. . . from. . .把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself as / to be作为……而出名 (2)distinguished adj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的;高贵 的;受尊敬的 be distinguished for / as. . .因/作为……而出名 多维训练 单句语法填空 ① As far as we all know,Lang Ping has already distinguished herself           a great volleyball coach in the world. ②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)You are our distinguished  (distinguish)foreign language teacher,whose aid can help us a lot. ③(2023·浙江1月卷)What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning,and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from  the most intelligent of machines. 写作运用提能 ④由于它以其迷人的风景而著称,杭州每年都有大 量的游客。 Because it is distinguished for its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year. → Distinguished for its attractive scenery   , Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.(用分词作状语改写) 11. ashamed adj.羞愧的;惭愧的 佳句背诵 Anxious and ashamed,I said nothing,wondering if he would fire me right away. (读后续写之心理描写) 我又焦虑又羞愧,什么也没说,心想他会不会马上解 雇我。 归纳拓展 (1)be / feel ashamed of. . .为……而感到羞耻 be ashamed to do sth.羞于/耻于做某事 (2)shame n.羞耻;羞愧;让人遗憾的事 Its a shame that. . .……真让人遗憾。 What a shame / pity!真遗憾! (3)shameful adj.可耻的 shameless adj.无耻的;没廉耻的 多维训练 单句语法填空 ① Its shameful  (shame) to apply other peoples research results without their permission. ②She was ashamed           making so many conflicts with her classmate Tom. ③It is           shame that my plan hasnt been approved. 写作运用提能 ④我是如此羞愧,以至于我感觉心如刀绞,                                                                          眼泪模糊 ('' ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * ( + , - . / ( ( ( ( ( 了我的双眼。(读后续写之羞愧心理描写) I was so ashamed  that I felt as if a knife were piercing(刺穿)my heart,tears clouding my eyes. (用so. . . that. . .句型) → So ashamed was I that  I felt as if a knife were piercing my heart,tears clouding my eyes.(用so. . . that. . .句型的倒装形式改写) 12. adjust vt.调整;调节vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯 佳句背诵 I adjusted my learning methods and turned to the teacher whenever I encountered difficult problems. (语言学习) 我调整了自己的学习方法,无论何时遇到困难就向 老师请教。 归纳拓展 (1)adjust(oneself) to(doing). . . 适应……;习 惯…… adjust. . . to. . .调整……以适应…… (2)adjustment n.调整;适应 make an adjustment / adjustments to作出调整 (3)adjustable adj.可调节的;可调整的 多维训练 单句语法填空 ①To my great joy,the height of the bicycle is         (adjust). 写作运用提能 ②我写信向您寻求一些如何适应新环境的建议。 (应用文写作之求助信) I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to adjust(myself)to the new surroundings  . ③由于我没有及时调整相关的信息,这给您带来极大 的不便,我写信向您道歉。(应用文写作之道歉信) I am writing to apologise to you for my not adjusting the relevant information in time  ,causing great inconvenience to you.(adjust) →I am writing to apologise to you for my not making adjustments to the relevant information in time  , which caused   great inconvenience to you. (adjustment;定语从句) 13. call on访问;要求;正式邀请;呼吁;号召 佳句背诵 Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher. 有些学生这样做只是因为他们害怕被老师叫到。 归纳拓展 call up给……打电话;(使)想起 call off = cancel取消 call for(公开)要求;需要 call in打电话来;召来,叫来;收回 call at sp.拜访(地点) 多维训练 用call的相关短语填空夯基 ①I stared at the picture,which called up  memories of my last months speech—I called on  us students to download relevant information from reliable websites. ②The conference had been ultimately called off  ,so we went home instead. ③Sometimes situations call for  us to be strong and brave. ④The other day I called at  my friends home but my friend happened to be ill,so I called in  a doctor in an instant. ⑤(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Jim will call           us this afternoon. 写作运用提能 ⑥(2022·全国甲卷,应用文写作)更重要的是,我们 还可以散发传单,呼吁更多的人保护海洋。     14. Of course,not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class. 当然,并不是每个抬头的人都专注于课堂。 佳句背诵 (2022·全国乙卷,书面表达)According to the above graph,it can be seen that not all of the students adopt the same approach to learning English / all of the students dont adopt the same approach to learning English. 通过以上图表,可以看出并非所有学生都采用同一 种方法学英语。 归纳拓展 (1)部分否定:当all, both, each, everybody, everyone,everything,always,whole,entirely等具有 总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连 用时,构成了部分否定,意为“不是……都;并非…… 都”。 (2)全部否定:neither,no one,no,none,never, nothing,no more,no longer,no way,not. . . any                                                                          等表示 ('! ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ! ( ( ( " ( ( ( ! ( ( ( # 0 1 2 3 4 5 ( 6 7 8 9 否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时,构成“全 部否定”。 多维训练 补全句子夯基 ①Despite his boasts that his children were brilliant, neither of them went to college  (他们两个都没念 上大学). ②I agree with most of what you said,but I dont agree with everything that you said  (并非同意你讲的一 切). 写作运用提能 ③两个申请人都得到这份工作是不可能的,因为不 是两个人都适合这份工作。 Its impossible for both the applicants to get the job, because not both of them are fit for the jobs              . BCDE%F=GH Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still be employed  (employ)today to draw attention to important truths. 2.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Yellowstone National Park offers a variety   (vary) of ranger programs throughout the park,and throughout the year. 3.(牛津高阶)I have a tendency  (tend)to talk too much when Im nervous. 4.(2023·浙江1月卷)The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to witness  (witness)a unique honey harvest. 5.(2022·浙江1月卷)Yet properly understood,the age of electricity is merely  (mere) the second stage in the age of steam,which began a century earlier. 6.(剑桥高阶)My taste in classical music varies  (vary)greatly / widely,but I usually prefer Mozart or Brahms. 7. (2022·全国甲卷)From seeing the wildlife to witnessing   (witness ) sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. 8.(2022·全国乙卷)For a long time,this ineffective hiding method was interpreted   (interpret)as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的)creatures. 9. (朗文当代)The technique is being tried in classrooms to assess  (assess)what effects it may have. 10.(2023·全国甲卷)Different  (difference)from traditional fables, Carsons story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. Ⅱ.语境辨义练 1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思 ① Smoking every day will pose a threat to your physical health.   v.造成  ②His anxiety to win the vote was obvious.   n.渴望  ③Of the two ways of sharing books,the latter wins my favour.   n.好感;喜爱  2.选出bend的汉语意思 A. vt.使弯曲  B. vi.弯身;弯腰  C. vi.屈从  D. n.(道路、河流的)弯;拐角 ①(2021·全国甲卷)Southbank,at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding,where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.   D  ②You have to bend your knees to sit down.   A  ③He went rushing toward the dog and bent down to give her a big hug.   B  ④He tried to force me to bend to his will.                                             C  :;IJ%K6LM Ⅰ.应用文写作运用(求助信——适应高中新环境) 1.利用本单元所学知识翻译句子 ①我写信请你帮忙。     ②我几乎崩溃了,因为我不知道如何适应高中的 新环境。     ③我每天忙于做作业,因此我必须取消我的从打 篮球到弹钢琴不等的爱好          。 ('( ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * ( + , - . / ( ( ( ( (     ④尽管我努力学习,我仍然跟不上其他人。     ⑤您可以给我一个如何融入高中生活的方法吗? (a way to do. . .)     ⑥如果你能给我一些实用的建议,我将非常感激, 我期待你的早日回复。     2.            使用恰当的衔接过渡词连句成篇 Ⅱ.读后续写微写作 情感描写之“焦虑”“担忧”和“绝望” 素材积累 必 备 单 词 形容词:anxious, worried, worrying, helpless, hopeless,concerned,副词:anxiously,名词:anxiety, worry,helplessness,concern,hopelessness 高 级 词 块 1. with anxiety焦虑地 2. be concerned about担忧 3. be worried about担心 4. full of anxiety焦虑不安 5. feelings of anxiety and concern 焦虑而担忧的 感觉 素材运用 第一步  按要求完成下列句子。 1.他们在山里迷了路,只好焦急地等待救援。 Lost in the mountain  ,they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously  .(副词) 2.当晚的时间过得很慢,他们越来越担忧。 As the evening wore on, they grew increasingly / more and more worried  .(形容词) 3.树林开始起雾了,他们周围的一切都被黑暗吞噬, 这无疑使他们更加无助和绝望。(用环境描写烘 托人物的绝望) → Fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, which undoubtedly left them even more helpless  . (非限 制性定语从句) →Fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless  . (分词短语作状 语) 4.托尼无助地站在那里,皱着眉。 Tony stood there helplessly  ,frowning. (副词,简 单句) 5.玛丽既担心又害怕,几乎要哭了。 Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear.  . (介词短语,简单句) 第二步  将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵,注意使 用合适的衔接过渡词汇          。 温馨提示:复习至此,请完成练案[20]                                                               (') 2. E  设空处前的“When youre out in the middle of nowhere,you have to be equipped to natures challenges.”提到了“自然的挑 战”,下文“Therefore,a plan for unexpected weather changes is essential to a successful camping trip.”提到了“不可预料的天气 变化”,因此,设空处应同样涉及“天气”话题,以便与前后文衔 接。E项(一个晴朗的3天预报很容易转变为突然的大雨。)符 合语境,承上启下。故选E。 3. D  根据主旨句“Know what you need.”可知,该段介绍的是对于 露营物资方面的准备;下文“Not all beginner campers will need the topoftheline,latest supplies. But you should have at least the basics!”介绍了“基本需要”这一原则,因此设空处要呼应主题 “露营物资”和“基本需要”。D项(露营不必复杂或昂贵。)贴 合主题,符合语境。故选D。 4. B   根据设空处后的“When youre far away from the major conveniences we rely upon like an urgent care center,police stations,and emergency rooms,you should always remember that safety is your first priority!”可知,该段强调的是“露营的安全问 题”,设空句作为主旨句,应突出“安全”。B项(离开家之前必 须牢记安全问题。)符合语境,可以作为主旨句。故选B。 5. C   根据设空处前的“When youre far away from the major conveniences we rely upon like an urgent care center,police stations,and emergency rooms,you should always remember that safety is your first priority!”和下文“A firstaid kit is a great starting point,but its certainly not the end of maximizing your safety efforts.”可知,作者在这里强调了外出时的安全问题,并 且提到了急救箱。由此推知,设空处内容应与急救箱有关,C项 (我们鼓励您创建一个安全供应箱。)符合语境。故选C。 Ⅲ.     语篇导读:文章主要介绍了法国西部的一个主题公园“雇用” 了六只乌鸦来收集和处理垃圾,目的是教育人们承担社会责任。 1. has employed   考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为 止,法国西部的一个主题公园已经“雇用”了六只鸟,更准确地说 是六只乌鸦,来收集和处理垃圾——主要是烟蒂和其他小碎片。 分析句子成分可知,设空处在句中作谓语,根据时间状语So far 可知,应用现在完成时,且句子主语a theme park为单数概念,谓 语应用单数形式。故填has employed。 2. collected  考查非谓语动词。句意:这些鸟把收集到的垃圾送到 专门的垃圾箱里,在那里它们可以扔掉垃圾以换取鸟食。根据 句意可知,设空处应用非谓语形式作定语,修饰名词trash;collect 与trash之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词collected,表 示“收集到的”。故填collected。 3. for  考查介词。句意见上一题解析。in exchange for为固定搭 配,意为“作为对……的交换”。故填for。 4. responsibilities / responsibility  考查词性转换。句意:“雇用”乌 鸦的目的是教育人们承担社会责任。设空处前有形容词性物主 代词their及形容词social修饰,应填名词。responsible的名词形 式responsibility,意为“责任”时,可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。 故填responsibilities / responsibility。 5. what  考查名词性从句。句意:既然鸟类能做我们比它们更有能力 做的事,我们就应该自己做这件事。分析句子成分可知,设空处引 导宾语从句,作do的宾语,表示“……的事情”。故填what。 6. displays  考查名词的数。句意:人们长期以来一直观察到乌鸦 表现出各种各样令人惊叹的智慧。display作名词,意为“展示, 显露”时为可数名词,根据their various可知,应用其复数形式。 故填displays。 7. smartest  考查形容词的最高级。句意:它们是地球上最聪明的 动物群体之一……。“one of + the +形容词最高级+可数名词复 数”为固定结构,意为“最……的之一”,此处应用smart的最高 级形式。故填smartest。 8. working  考查非谓语动词。句意:除了激励人类去捡垃圾外,目 前在公园工作的聪明的乌鸦也非常兴奋地将它们的智慧用于工 作。分析句子成分可知,此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,work 与其所修饰词crows之间为逻辑上的主动关系,所以应用现在分 词。故填working。 9. an  考查冠词。句意:“对它们来说,这已经成为一项令人兴奋 的游戏。”尼古拉斯说。分析句子成分可知,设空处应填冠词。 game为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且exciting的发音以元音音素 开头,应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 10. are rewarded  考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意:它们捡 起地上的垃圾,并且每天都因它们所做的事而得到奖励。分析句子 成分可知,设空处在分句中作谓语,根据时间状语every day可知,应 用一般现在时;又因reward和they之间为被动关系,应用被动语态, 且主语是they,谓语应用复数形式。故填are rewarded。 Ⅳ.参考范文: Dear Henry, I am delighted to learn you will come to China and Im equally pleased to recommend Shanghai Disneyland,a theme park which never fails to fascinate me. As the sixth Disney resort worldwide,it has been popular ever since it opened on June 16,2016. Strolling in the park,you will feel as if you were in a magical world. Travelling through space,visiting a pirate ship,or meeting an adorable fairy tale or cartoon character is all possible at Disneyland. Of course,Disneyland also has many thrilling rides to amuse you,such as scary freefall drops. Sincerely hope all these can be of great help to you. Looking forward to your arrival and wish you all the best. Yours, Li Hua UNIT 4  BODY LANGUAGE 必备知识·巧记活用 1  立体巧记单词 阅读词汇会认 1.相同的  2.腰;腰部  3.假装的;假的;冒充的  4.审讯;审判; 试验;试用  5.不涉及言语的;非言语的  6.内部的;里面的 7.揭示;显示;露出  8.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号  (钟表)发出嘀 嗒声  钩号  9.下巴  10.分散(注意力);使分心  11.最终;最后 12.干预;介入  13.组成部分;零件  14.语气;腔调;口吻 重点词汇会写 1. appropriate  2. witness  3. cheek  4. bow  5. barrier  6. incident 7. twin  8. slump  9. pose  10. bend  11. clarify  12. lower 13. imply  14. stare  15. ceiling  16. perceive  17. chest 18. merely  19. bother   20. weep   21. conflict   22. demonstrate   23. gesture  24. interpret 拓展词汇会变 1. interaction   interact   2. vary   various   variety   3. approve   approval  approving  4. employ  employee  employer  employment 5. differ   different   difference   6. favour   favorable   7. anger   angry  angrily  8. reliable   rely   9. slight   slightly   10. assess   assessment  11. educator  educate  educated  education  12. tendency tend  13. barely  bare  14. occupy  occupied  occupation 15. distinguish  distinguished    16. anxiety  anxious  anxiously  17. embarrassed  embarrassing  embarrass  18. ashamed  shame  shameful  shameless  19. inquire / enquire  inquiry / enquiry 20. adjust  adjustable  adjustment  21. react  reaction 运用巩固提能 1. appropriate  2. barrier  3. reveal  4. implying  5. bothering 6. reacted  trial  7. waist  8. conflict  9. distracted  10. weeping 11. Varieties  varying  various  12. employer  employed employees  13. Different  differ  difference  14. occupied occupation  occupies  15. ashamed  shameful  shame  16. distinguished distinguish  17. embarrassment  embarrassing  embarrassed 18. educators  educated  education 2  语境助记短语 写准记牢 1. by contrast  2. by comparison  3. make inferences  4. break down 5. straighten up  6. in other words  7. call on  8. at work  9. spoken language  10. shake hands  11. stare at  12. act as 语境运用 1. by contrast  2. By comparison  3. break down  4. straightening up 5. in other words  6. call on  7. at work  8. stare at 3  仿写速记句式 原句译背 1.例如,在一些国家,眼神交流(即直视某人的眼睛)是表示兴趣的 一种方式。  2.当然,并不是每个抬头的人都专注于课堂。 3.尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中 是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。  4.他 们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学 生单独交谈,从而让他们在校收获最大。 仿写运用 1. to make our study more efficient  2. Not all students have the same level of  3. While / Although / Though I admit he is not perfect  4. not knowing what to do next 核心考点·讲练提升 1.① various   ② in   from   ③ organizes a variety of / varieties of / various meaningful activities  vary with seasons  2. ①approvingly   approval  ②of   ③ if you could approve our proposal   if you could give your approval to our proposal  3.①to  ②has witnessed ③seeing  ④witnessed a poorlydressed boy selling popcorn  4. ①to watch  ②employment  ③where their employees enjoy their work 5.① different   ② differences   ③                                                                          Opinions on table manners differ —116— greatly  6. ① favourable   ② in   ③ posing   ④ you can do me a favour / do a favour for me with my coming interview  be in my favour 7.①broke down  ②break in  ③break out  ④broke into  ⑤break up  ⑥broken through  breaking away from  8.①Word came that  ②had words with  ③had broken your word  ④have a word with ⑤keeping your word  ⑥In a word  9. ①occupation  ②Occupying themselves in making and selling popcorn   Occupied in making and selling popcorn  10.①as  ②distinguished  ③from  ④Distinguished for its attractive scenery  11.①shameful  ②of  ③a  ④so ashamed So ashamed was I that  12. ①adjustable  ②how to adjust (myself) to the new surroundings  ③my not adjusting the relevant information in time  my not making adjustments to the relevant information in time   which caused  13.①called up  called on  ②called off  ③call for ④called at  called in  ⑤on  ⑥Whats more,we can also hand out leaflets to call on more people to protect the ocean.   14.①neither of them went to college  ②dont agree with everything that you said   ③not both of them are fit for the job 关键能力·对点习得 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1. be employed  考查动词的时态和语态。句意:卡森证明了一种 简单的抒情形式已经流传了几个世纪,今天仍然可以用来引起 人们对重要真理的注意。宾语从句的主语a simple lyric form与 employ之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接 动词原形。故填be employed。 2. variety  考查词义转换。句意:黄石国家公园全年在公园内提供 各种各样的护林员项目。a variety of “各种各样的”。 3. tendency  考查词性转换。句意:我一紧张就容易说得太多。由 不定冠词a可知,填名词。have a tendency to do sth.“有做某事 的倾向”。 4. to witness  考查非谓语动词。句意:当我向哈雷纳森林出发时, 太阳开始下沉。我要去见证一次独特的蜂蜜收获。由句意可 知,填不定式表目的。 5. merely  考查词性转换。句意:然而,正确地理解,电力时代仅仅 是蒸汽时代的第二个阶段,蒸汽时代开始于一个世纪以前。由 句意可知,填副词修饰动词。 6. varies  考查谓语动词时态。句意:我对古典音乐的品味千差万 别,但我通常更喜欢莫扎特或勃拉姆斯。根据句意和句子结构 可知,填一般现在时,主语是My taste,故用单数第三人称。 7. witnessing  考查非谓语动词。句意:从观赏野生动物到目睹日出, 整个经历令人惊叹。句中to是介词,后接动词ing形式作宾语。 8. was interpreted  考查动词时态和语态。句意:很长一段时间以 来,这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中 心”生物的证据。分析句子成分可知,缺少谓语动词;再由句意 可知,填被动语态。 9. to assess  考查非谓语动词。句意:这项技术正在课堂上试用, 以评估它可能产生的影响。由句意可知,填不定式表目的。 10. Different  考查词性转换。be different from “与……不同”,填 形容词作状语,且位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Different。 Ⅱ.语境辨义练 1.①v.造成  ②n.渴望  ③n.好感;喜爱 2.①D  ②A  ③B  ④C 核心素养·双写培优 Ⅰ.应用文写作运用 1.①I am writing to ask you a favour / ask a favour of you.   ② I have almost broken down,as I dont know how to adjust (myself) to the new surroundings in senior high school.   ③I am occupied in doing my homework every day,so I must call off my hobbies, varying from playing basketball to playing the piano.   ④While I study hard,I still cant keep up with others.   ⑤Would you please offer me a way to integrate into senior high school life?  ⑥I would appreciate it if you could give me some practical advice and Im looking forward to your early reply. 2.参考范文: I am writing to ask you a favour / ask a favour of you. I have almost broken down,as I dont know how to adjust (myself)to the new surroundings in senior high school. In addition,I am occupied in doing my homework every day,so I must call off my hobbies, varying from playing basketball to playing the piano. Whats more, while I study hard,I still cant keep up with others. Would you please offer me a way to integrate into senior high school life? I would appreciate it if you could give me some practical advice and Im looking forward to your early reply. Ⅱ.读后续写微写作 素材运用 第一步  1. Lost in the mountain  wait for rescue anxiously  2. they grew increasingly / more and more worried   3. which undoubtedly left them even more helpless   undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless  4. Tony stood there helplessly  5. Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear 第二步  参考范文: Lost in the mountain,they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously. As the evening wore on,they grew increasingly / more and more worried. Worse still / Even worse,fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless. Tony stood there helplessly,frowning. Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear. 练案[20] Ⅰ. A     语篇导读:本文是一篇说明文。讲述了猩猩如何利用手势进 行语言沟通的新发现。 1. D  细节理解题。根据题干Dr Hobaiter定位到第二段最后一句 “Only humans and chimps. . . had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.”,可知,人类和 猩猩的相似之处就是有目的的传递信息进行沟通。故选D。 2. B  推理判断题。根据Dr Shultz定位到第六段“. . . the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But,she added,the results were ‘a little disappointing.”可知,她认为这项研究是值得称赞的,它尝试丰 富我们对人类语言进化的原有知识,但结果还是有点令人失望。 故选B(这是一个很好的尝试,但发现的结果有限。)。 3. A  词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及前句可知,目前研究所得 的猩猩手势的含义还没有超出其他动物的非声音交流所表达的 含义,换句话说需要进一步研究,揭示其存在的不同。difference 区别;不同;conflict冲突;balance平衡;connection连接。故选A。 4. D  标题归纳题。排除A项(猩猩行为研究学有重大突破)、B (猩猩进化出特殊的沟通技巧)和C项(猩猩是动物王国中最聪 明的)。全文都是围绕着猩猩如何利用手势进行语言沟通来进 行阐述。故选D(黑猩猩交流手势语言)。 B     语篇导读:耶鲁大学的Lucylle Armentano最近发表了一项研究, 该研究表明与人互动时,你的肢体语言可以胜过你的口头语言。 5. C  主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后两句可知,这是一个言语 和行为不一致的举例,即言语和非言语不匹配的例子。故选C。 6. D   细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后两句“The key question. . . give their responses.”可知,关键问题是,其他的参与 者,即另外82名耶鲁学生,是否会相信这个学生,并提供他所要 求的帮助。他们需要给出自己的反应。由此可知,这82名耶鲁 学生被要求对紧张的学生的要求作出回应。故选D。 7. B   细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句“Surprisingly, helping behavior. . . cues were high.”可知,令人惊讶的是,当紧张 的言语表达较少而非言语暗示较多时,帮助行为最高。由此可 知,非语言暗示,即紧张的肢体动作是赢得善意最重要的因素。 故选B。 8. B  推理判断题。文章最后一段第一句讲了意识到你的肢体语 言可以胜过你说的话意味着当你与他人互动时,你需要注意你 的身体在做什么,再结合下文内容可推知,作者在本段主要是给 出一些建议。故选B。 Ⅱ.     语篇导读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了萨拉热窝一所 学校的一个班级里的学生为了更好地与听障学生泽达沟通,全部 学会了手语的故事。 1. D  考查语境推断。根据文章第一句“A school in Sarajevo is making headlines.”和后文所述内容可知,此处表示故事始于去 年九月。story意为“故事”,符合语境。report意为“报告”; message意为“信息”;article意为“文章”。故选D。 2. A  考查语境推断。根据后文“her sixyearold son,Zejd,who has a   3  disability”和“on the first day of school”可知,这位母 亲是在请求她所在社区的小学接收她的儿子入学。admit意为 “接收(入学)”,符合语境。adopt意为“收养”;invite意为“邀 请”;defend意为“保卫”。故选A。 3. C  考查语境&常识推断。根据后文“learn sign language so I can talk to Zejd and other deaf people”和常识可知,泽达有听力障 碍,此处为同义复现。hearing意为“听力”,符合语境。learning 意为“学习”;speech意为“说话的能力;发言”;sight意为“视 力”。故选C。 4. D  考查语境推断。根据后文“on the first day of school”可知,泽 达被学校接收了,故此处表示老师几乎立刻就接受了这位母亲 的请求。immediately意为“立即”,符合语境。conditionally意为 “有条件地”;passively意为“被动地”;personally意为“个人 地”。故选D。 5. B  考查语境推断。根据前文提到泽达有听力障碍,以及后文 “three months later,Zejd was happily able to communicate with all his classmates”可知,此处指泽达刚入学的时候无法和别人交流                                                                          。 —216—

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Unit 4 Body Language-【衡中学案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习学案(人教版2019)
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Unit 4 Body Language-【衡中学案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习学案(人教版2019)
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Unit 4 Body Language-【衡中学案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习学案(人教版2019)
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Unit 4 Body Language-【衡中学案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习学案(人教版2019)
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